UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA KAMPUS SERI ISKANDAR

AAR 651 - CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY V

INDUSTRIALIZED BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS) CONSTRUCTION

CASE STUDY : PR1MA SUNGAI RAIA, KAMPAR

PERUMAHAN RAKYAT 1 MALAYSIA (PR1MA) DIATAS PT22818 (LOT 333441) MUKIM SUNGAI
RAIA, DAERAH KINTA, PERAK DARUL RIDZUAN
EN FADHLIZIL B ABDUL MUNIR

AMIRA BT HASNUL JAMAL

2013898792
AMIRUL SYAFIQ BIN ABU
2013612938
MUHAMMAD IZZAD BIN AZIZI
2013408852
NUR AMYLIYA BT ARIS
2013814538
NURUL INTAN NATASHA BT MOHD HAMDAN
2013415912

NO

TABLE OF CONTENT

PAGES

INTRODUCTION
1.0
2.O

3.0

4.0

SITE CONSTRUCTION
1.1 SITE LOCATION
1.2 CONSTRUCTION
ENDURO FRAME BUILDING SYSTEM
2.1 INTRODUCTION OF ENDURO FRAME
BUILDING SYSTEM
2.2 ENDUROFRAME INSTALLATION SYSTEM
2.3 DEFINITION OF TERMS-PART IDENTIFICATION
2.4 ENDUROWALL FRAME ASSEMBLY
ENDUROWALL FRAME AND CONSTRUCTION
3.1 GENERAL AND DESIGN PERSPECTIVE
3.2 WALL FRAME SETOUT
3.3 WALL FRAME INSTALLATION
3.4 WALL FRAME CONNECTION
3.5 FASTENERS
ENDUROTRUSS ROOF AND CONSTRUCTION
4.1 GENERAL DESIGN AND PERSPECTIVE
4.2
ENDUROTRUSS
FRAMING
SYSTEM
ASSEMBLIES
4.3 ON SITE HANDLING
4.4 ROOF CONSTRUCTION TYPE
REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

1
2
2-3
4-5
5
5-6
6-8

9
9
9-12
13
14
15
15-17
18
19-20

With an aim to plan, develop, construct and maintain high-quality housing with
lifestyle concepts for middle-income households in key urban centre, PR1MA
providing a residential that comes with ample facilities such as surau, multipurpose
hall, kindergarten and nursery, guard house as a part of the security and shops
within the guarded residential area.
PR1MA homes that located in Taman Raia Mesra, Kampar comes in various types of
unit within an integrated community, sensibly design to suit different household
needs. The residential project comprises 32 block of housing with an easy acces
from the main road Simpang Pulai Lumut, Jalan Gopeng, Jalan Raja Dr Nazrin Shah
and Jalan Raja musa Mahadi

21

1.SITE CONSTRUCTION

1.1 SITE LOCATION

Figure 1.1(c) Facilities that this site offers are surau, multi-purpose hall, nursery and kindergarten,
shops and guard house
Figure 1.1(a) Shows location plan of site project

1.2 CONSTRUCTION
1.2.1 GROUND SLAB CONSTRUCTION
For this construction, the ground slab is constructed manually. This site uses the
deep foundation system that is piling system and pad foundation. Piling system is
used to ensure stability of the ground soil of the building. All loads that are transfer
to the foundation will be transferred to piling. And it will transfer to the deep ground
soil.

Figure 1.1(b) Shows key plan of site project for PR1MA Sg.Raia

This site can be easily access from Jalan Utama Simpang Pulai Lumut, Jalan
Gopeng, Jalan Raja Muda Musa Mahadi and Jalan Dr Nazrin Shah

1.2.1.1 TYPE OF PILING

Pre-cast pre stressed concrete pile.Because of its toughness, durability and
economical factor

d) Process and method of construction

- The site is first analyzed to determine the location and the length of the pile
- Installed using impact pile driving hammers on the location based on
construction drawings
- The pile is driven into the soil until its maximum penetration

Figure 1.2.2(a)The formwork is first installed and

then the concrete is poured into the formwork for
ground beam

Figure 1.2.1(a) type of piling used in construction

site in IBS system

1.2.1.2 TYES OF FOUNDATION

-

The type of foundation used the site is pad foundation

Foundation is important for all building and structures as it prevents settling.
Pad foundation is used for its site soil provided is hard soil, type of site soil and
type of foundation is determined by soil investigation by the geotechnical
department.

1.2.2GROUND BEAM CONSTRUCTION

Ground beam is a structure element to connect adjacent pie caps to remove the
stability of the foundation. its function is to form a firmer support by bridging
between piles and pad footing. It ties and connect the columns, fix and holds fitly
the columns in order to stabilize it. It also acts to bear all the loads come from the
wall which constructed paralled with the beam.

2.0 ENDURO FRAME BUILDING SYSTEM

2.1 INTRODUCTION OF ENDURO FRAME BUILDING SYSTEM

2.1.1 ADVANTAGES OF ENDURO FRAME BUILDING SYSTEM

The framing system used in the construction is Enduro Building System. Enduro
Frame System was first used in Australia and had been recently introduced to
Malaysia, two years ago.
Enduro Frame building system provides quality steel frame for builders and home
owners. Made from the mixture of zinc and aluminium alloy coated steel with a
distinctive resin finishes on its surface. It is made from Truecore steel and it is 100%
termite and borer proof, thus it does not require any additional chemical treatment
to protect them from pest attack. The framing material are also non combustible,
reducing the amount of flammable in a home.

i. Light Weight
EnduroFrame building sytem uses light gauge steel thus making it significantly
lighter in weight and can reduce safety risk associated with lifting bulky and heavy
items on site.
ii. Superior Thermal comfort
iii. Easy to Install
Enduro frame is much lighter than timber trusses although the construction is very
much similar to timber construction. It is manufactured from light gauge steel and is
simply screwed together, making it easier to be installed on site.
iv. Fast to assemble.
The light weight and easy way of assembling the framing system reduces the
duration of time to assemble the frame on site. In our project, the
v. Pre punched service hole.
The framing system comes with all service holes that were pre- punched. All
electricals and plumbing system will then be snapped in a grommett and pulled
through the cables. This reduces the time to drill out holes for services purposes.

Figure2.1(a) Enduro
Frame System used
on site.

Figure2.1.1(A) figure2.1.1(B) showpre punched service hole on the frames used on site

The materials used on site

BlueScope Malaysia, both
products supplier in
on the global building and

Figure 2.1(b) Enduro

Frame System used
on site.

vi. Reduce material wastage.

With efficient use, the framing system can reduce material wastage.
were supplied by Ajiya and NS
metal, glass and steel
Malaysia, principally focused
construction industry.

vii.Reduce labour
The quick and easy assembling process of Enduroframe building sytem makes it
requires only small number of labour to assemble the frame on site.

viii. Self-certified and fully engineered

One of the main advantage of ENDUROFRAME building system is the self certified
and is fully engineered. This means that the designs detailed are not required to be
signed off by a structural engineer. The designs are detailed by a certified user of
ENDUROCADD software system.
ix. Resistant to strong winds and earthquakes
The structural integrity of steel frame houses has demonstrated in full-scale
simulations that it stays straight, true and most importantly, safe.

2.2 ENDUROFRAME INSTALLATION SYSTEM

2.2.1 ON-SITE HANDLING
Lifting, loading and transportation of steel frames shall be accomplished with
sufficient care to prevent damage.
Frames must be fully supported in either horizontal or vertical planes when being
transported. Care must be taken when tying down and lifting wall frames not to put
an excessive pressure on joints.
When a crane is used to unload, suitable lifting methods are required to minimise
racking loads or local distortion of members.

Figure2.2.3(a) Ribbed Cee Section of frame used on site.

2.2.2ON-SITE STORAGE
When the frames are stored on site, they should be blocked above the ground to
protect them from ground water through the following methods
a) If the frames are stored horizontally, the blocking should be at 1.0m to 1.5m
centres or as required at joints, to prevent bending of the frames
b) If the frames are stored vertically, they should be supported at the designed
support locations and in a manner that will prevent them from tipping or
toppling.
2.2.3 MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

Figure 2.2.2 (a) Frames stacked horizontally on site

2.3 DEFINITION OF TERMS-PART IDENTIFICATION

jamb

studs

on

the

sides

of

the

opening.

ix. Wall
Bracing
Wall bracings are required to transfer all the horizontal forces from roof, walls
and floors to the appropriate ceiling and floor diaphragms. These forces arise
from
wind
or
earthquake
loads.
Bracing
may
be
strap,
channel
or
membrane
type.
i.
Load
wall
vertical
the
above
lateral
caused
wind.

Figure 2.3(a) The terms used for each part of the framing system

Load
Bearing
Wall.
Bearing
carries
loads from
structure
or
the
loads
by
the

ii. Non Load Bearing walls.

internal walls which do not supports truss loads. The internal walls may also be used
as lateral bracing walls.
iii. Common Studs
These studs functions as the support to the vertical loads from top wall playes by
rafters and trusses, ceiling joists and horizontal wind and seismic loads.

x. Tie-Down
Framing connection used to both locate frame components and resist wind uplift
forces.

2.4 ENDUROWALL FRAME ASSEMBLY

All ENDUROWALL parts are coded with information to assist erectors in the assembly
process. This matches the part information shown on the assembly drawings. The
parts are coded in the following order:
Job Name/Number, Frame Number, Part Number and Part Usage. For short parts,
some of this information is deleted.
With this information, erectors can easily identify what the part is and where it is
intended to be used in the structure.

iv. Jamb studs.

Jamb studs are placed on each sides of an opening, function to support loads from
lintel over the opening and the horizontal wind loads passing through the opening.
v. Studs supporting concentrated loads
These studs are installed to carry concentrated vertical loads arising from support
for principal roof and floor supporting members.
vi. Nogging
Noggings provide lateral and torsional restraint to the studs. In addition nogging
must be designed to support an imposed concentrated load, placed anywhere on its
span to produce the maximum action effect during construction.
Figure 2.4 Information coded on steel frame used on site.

vii. Wall
Plate
Load bearing wall plates are designed to transfer vertical loads to studs when
the trusses or floor joists are not directly in line with the studs.
viii.Lintels
Lintels are designed to transfer vertical loads applied over the opening to the

Figure 2.4(b) and Figure 2.4(c) show all studs layed in sequential order,
spaced out & orientated frame as per assembly sheet.

2.4.1 PLEMINARY WORK

3) FIXED AT STUDS

1) PART IDENTIFICATION

Figure 2.4(d) and Figure

2.4(e)show holes were
aligned and fixed at
studs, by installing
trilobular fastener.

The unpacked frames were sorted into frame lots using branding as manual. The
different parts were identified from the branding information on the parts and
matched together.

When carrying out the primary assembly of the frame align

notch holes as shown and install trilobular fastener in holes.
The top studs were aligned with the top of studs and screwed
together at both ends.

Figure2.4(F) Connection of studs to the top plate using trilobular fasterner

Figure 2.4(a) The unpacked frames were identified and collected according to the different parts.

2) FRAME LAYOUT AND ASSEMBLY

4) NOGGING INSTALLATION
The noggings were joined to the common studs by sliding the noggings onto the
studs starting from base of frame. The fixing holes where then aligned and fixed to
the studs.

Figure 2.4(i)
Connection of
nogging on the studs
5)

WALL FRAMES AND PREPARE FOR OPENINGS

Before inserting any bracing or lintels, the overall
dimensions of the frame against the supplied
Assembly Sheet should be checked. The frame
should be squared before installing any bracing.

Figure2.4(g) The installation of nogging onto studs.

6) MARKING FRAMES
Frames should be identified with panel number and the number of any adjoining
walls at the appropriate locations. These marks should be applied to the side of the
bottom plate.

7) STACK COMLETED WALL FRAMES BEFORE INSTALLATIONS

.

Figure 2.4(h)
Connection of
nogging on the studs

Completed wall frames to be stacked in a flat area ready for installation.

It is best to stack the wall frames in bundles close to the final installation position to
ease the process of installation and also to save time of installation.

the frames and the floor structure is carried out in accordance with this manual as
specifified design.
3.1.1 PRIOR TO CONSTRUCTION
There are a few steps before commencing construcrion of the wall:
We have to check the support of the structure particular with the plan dimensions ,
the plumb and the level of structure support and alignment of walls and beams so
the structure will adequate braced tied down and stable . Check again if there any
deficient in support structure prior to proceeding.
Any damaged parts must be reported in wall frames inspection to make sure a
correct rectification.All the approval and permission for site rectification must be
obtained from the manufacturer.
3.1.2 SAFETY
Figure 2.4(j) and 2.4 (k) show wall frames stacked together before installation
process.

Supervisor from IBS company will ensure that the barriers or scaffolding used in
order to comply safe work practice are installed in construction so no damage or
overload wall components will occur during construction.
3.1.3 LOAD BEARING WALL
The worker should ensure all the loads from both internal and external walls are
accommodated in the foundation of sub-flooring.
3.1.4 FASTENERS

3.0 ENDUROWALL FRAME & CONSTRUCTION

3.1 GENERAL AND DESIGN PERSPECTIVE
ENDUROWALL frames have been design based on engineering standards and
perform as designed essentially.It handled , erected and braced correctly according
to manual guide.The following recommendation apply to wall frames on standard
domestic and light commercial building.In our site they apply the ENDUROWALL
system for standard domestic residental for PR1MA @ SG.RAIA ZONE( BATU GAJAH )
project.
All the components selected from ENDUROFRAME Building System Design Manual
and detailed were desined using ENDUROCADD design software to suit specifically
in construction method like roof, floor load which appropriate and respect towards
site and architecture.Additional loading such as mechanical ventilation system like
Air-Condition, etc will require special time consideration in term of design and
placing the loads.These kind of additional should be referred back to the
architect/designer to ensure and archieve good performance of wall frames and roof
since wind load is one of important factor in design.Correct design wind loads will tie

Usually , in AJIYAs IBS project using ENDUROWALL , (10-16X16mm wafer) or hex

head or (12-14x20mm) hex head self-drilling screws are used for all structural
connections in the project.The recommended number used based on drawings.In
connection,minimum fastener spacing is 17mm and minimum distance is 17mm to
the edge of sections.

3.2 WALL FRAME SETOUT

By lifting any frames into a right place , we have to mark out the frame locations on
the floor and surveyor will mark and set the offset of frames location which supplied
Wall Framing Layout as a reference. Measure and check the diagonals of marked
wall positions.

3.3 WALL FRAME INSTALLATION

Step 1 :
Identify each panel frames location using ENDUROCADD which is software
generated Panel Layout supplied by manufacturer.Unload and unpack all the panels
and put them near required posiions to avoid missplaced , confusion and
unnecessary handling.The walls are generally constructed by accces to the whole

site .By doing this , they trying to fit the interior walls after perimeter of project
finished.All the number for wall assigned by ENDUROCADD software to help identify
location.

Figure 3.3(a) Consult plan layout before starting.

Figure 3.3(b) shows the first wall frame on the location
points at the site

Step 2 :
From the builder corner , mark the position of walls on the slab or floor using
chalk/pencil line.Make sure all the lines are square and right into position before
proceeding the construction.Normally external wall are detailed around 150mm from
the face of the brick with 75mm cavity with studs.However we have to check the
drawings as this may be vary.
Step 3 : Stand the wall frame on exact location points.

Step 4 :
Stand the next wall section in right position and fix it to the first section using 1016x16mm hex and head screw.Complete each junction before prodeeding to next
frame panel to avoid confusion.Joints are made by screwing the adjacent studs at
bottom and mid points.This joints usually used to connect two walls where there is
no junction .Beside that temporary bracing should be used to secure the wall end
which is not fixed to the second wall frame panel.Use a piece of chanel to secure the
wall frame.

Figure 3.3(c) Place second wall in position using chalk line as a

manual and flush against first wall.

Figure 3.3(e) Fix using a butt joint at base of

wall.

Step 5 :
Make sure all the interior wall panel erected before completing the perimeter .After
all wall panels are erected correctly , move the frames in the right position which
indicated by chalk/pencil line.After that , make sure the rooms are square by
measuring and comparing diagonals and fix down using recommended fixing shown
in the plan drawings.The fixing are installed next to the opening of jamb studs
where tension bracing attaches to the bottom plate.

Figure 3.3(d) Temporary bracing should be used to

secure the end of the wall which is not fixed to the
second (or subsequent) walls.

Figure 3.3(g) End and interior walls are fixed into position.

Figure 3.3(f)Place interior walls using chalk lines as manual.

Figure 3.3(h) End wall placed into position and temporarily braced using clamps
and/or TOPSPAN battens.

Step 6 :
Place final assembled wall frame on the chalk/pencil line and remove the
bracing.Join walls at the corner bottom and mid-height using extended drill bit
based on architectural drawing.Once in position ,the walls can be fixed tothe floor
through bottom plate of the wall frame panel using the hold downs at spacing which
specified by the Detailer.

Step 7 : Make sure all diagonal follow drawing measurement and the structure is
square

Figure 3.3(I) Position final wall.

Figure 3.3(j) Remove last of the temporary bracing.

Figure 3.3 (l) Align walls with chalk marks and put into final position
before fixing.

Figure 3.3 (k) Position and fix final wall using extension bit.

Step 8 :
Using a spirit level and straight edge to check if the frame is stable and follow the
standard.Suitable
temporary
braces
should
be
use
toposition
allignand plumb the wall
Figure
3.3 (m) Screw
bottom
plate
into
final
frames until the on
roof
is completed.Plumb the frame by adjusting the bracing
floor.
tensioners.

Step 9 :
Fasten the bracing straps of wall frames at each stud t provide rattle within walls
and nogging bracingafter lining.Make sure to use 10-16x16 wafer head screws in
brick construction.

Figure 3.3 (n)Check walls for plumb.

Step 11:
Step 10:

The studs and plate connection require screw fixing as specified for specified site
conditions.

Based on specified drawing layout , additional permanent bracing may require site
fitting.

3.4 WALL FRAME CONNECTION

Figure 3.3(o) Measure lengths at bottom and top of
wall to check frame is square.

Figure 3.3(p)Once the frame is plumb and

square, fix at the top/bottom of the wall.

Figure 3.3(q) Use a length of Topspan

batten to hold the frame square until
bracing can be tensioned.

There are a few types of connection of wallframes.In our site.Based on explaination

by En.Shahrin who is project engineer of AJIYAs company , in this project mostly we
used type connection of option 3 because of site conditions and based on loads
calculation.

Figure 3.4(b) shows typical floor connection used in

construction to joint the frames.

Typical non cyclonic hold down connections

Option 3
The designer will specified the hold down of frame components to used for each job.

Option 1.a

Figure 3.4(c) Shows typical floor connection used in

construction

Figure 3.4(a) shows typical floor connection used in

construction

Option 2

3.5 FASTENERS
There are a few class of fasteners but on our site they used a stipulated fasteners
inAS3566.The fasteners should be approved by BlueScope.The fasteners below in
figure 2222222 are suitable for fixing structural steel frames together.

Figure 3.5 (c) show 10-16x16mm drilling screw used

for jointing the frames

Figure 3.5(d) show 10-16x16mm hex screw used for

jointing the frames and as connectors to truss ,
battens and concrete

Figure 3.5(a)show types of fasteners that used in

construction.

Figure 3.5(b) show types of brackets that used in

construction.

4.0 ENDUROTRUSS ROOF

4.1 GENERAL DESIGN AND PERSPECTIVE

The roof for this construction used a part of ENDUROFRAME system called
ENDUROTRUSS System. This system were construct from Truecore Steel that act
as the structural base. The core of the system is patened steel truss which are
design digitally from its very own software,EnduroCadd. The software will
automatically provided the designed structure and gives all the requirement for
construction.
4.1.1 THE ADVANTAGES
The steel framing is not easily rot or warp and the stell are light and easy to erect. It
can handle the geometrically complex trusses due to its self-jigging characteristic
of the trusses. They also gives the very flat roof plane and can be handle by
unskilled workers.
4.1.2 MATERIAL SPECIFICATION
ENDUROTRUSS sections are roll-formed from TRUECORE steel complying with
AS1397:2011. The standard ENDUROTRUSS sections are shown in figure below. In
the grade shown, the number prefixed with G indicates minimum yield stress in
MPa; and the number prefixed with Z or AM indicates minimum coating mass in
g/m2.
0.55mm BMT, TRUECORE G550 AM150 steel
0.75mm BMT, TRUECORE G550 AM150 steel
1.00mm BMT, TRUECORE G550 AM150 steel
1.20mm BMT, TRUECORE G500 AM150 steel

Figure 4.1 (b) shows the S100

section and boxed S100

section

4.1.3 TOOLS AND EQUIPTMENT

Power tools are needed to erect the truss system such as screw gun,metal cutting
saw,hand held metal cutting saw and angle grinder.This power tools is supported by
its accessories,the 8mm (5/16") hexagon socket,extension bar (length up to
150mm),Suitable metal cutting blade, and 8mm spanner or socket. Some of the
hand tools were used in its erection process, double action tin snips,spirit level,chalk
line,step ladder,vice grips,measuring tape are needed.
The workers also must wearing the safety equiptment when the erection process
occurs. The safety equipment are eye protection (safety goggles),hearing protection
(when using power tools),protective gloves,earth leakage circuit breaker for
electrical goods and all protection harness

4.2 ENDUROTRUSS FRAMING SYSTEM ASSEMBLIES

The figures below show the steps for trusses assembly.
Step 1 - Part Identification

Figure 4.2 (a) shows the first step of truss assembly.

Figure 4.1(a) show the S75 section and boxed S75 section

Unpack the trusses and sort into truss lots using the branding as a guide. Identify
the chords and webs from the branding information on the parts.
Step 2 - Truss Layout & Chord Assembly

Figure 4.2 (b) shows the

second step of truss
assembly.

Lay down and

and align as per
chords to allow
truss screw by
chords to

identify the chords on a level surface

assembly drawing. Pre-notched the
the parts to overlap as shown. Locating
pre-punched holes to connecting the
apex,knee and heel.

Figure 4.2(d)Align notch

holes as shown and
install a locating truss
screw in holes

Step 5 - Web

Installation

Step 3 - Align holes and install a locating truss screw - fix at heels

Figure 4.2(c) shows the

third step of truss
assembly.

Figure 4.2(e) shows the fifth step of truss assembly.

Cutting or snapping the pieces apart to separating the linked webs. In order to
required for assembly(left to right), webs are joined and they will
attached.Positioning each one over the truss chords by snip or snap the webs apart
near the final location.
Step 4 - Fix
screw

at apex or knee and install a locating truss

Figure 4.2 (f) shows the fifth step of truss assembly.

Figure 4.2 (h) shows the seventh step of truss assembly.

Step 6 - Align holes and fix connection with a locating truss screw

Before inserting any stiffeners or reinforcing screws check the overall dimensions of
the truss against the Assembly Sheet.
For a complex shape truss, lay it on top of a previously assembled one and check
they are the same.

Figure 4.2 (g) shows the sixth step of truss assembly.

4.3 ON SITE HANDLING

Step 7 - Overall Quality Check

4.3.1 SLINGS
Horizontal and vertical plane are fully support the trusses when it being
transported. Excessive pressure are not nessecary to be put onto its
chords,webs and joints. Most of trusses for single storey may be lifted by hand
and the larger project must be use crane with a sling as an assistance.

Figure 4.3.2 (a) shows the method of storing the truss horizontally.
Figure 4.3.1(a) shows the method of transfering the trusses with slings

If the Trusses are stored horizontally as figure above, the blocking should be 2.0m to
2.5m to prevent bending.

Sling should be located at the same distance from its centre line of the trusses like
shown by the picture. The angle must be 60 degrees or less. If the spans are more
than 9000mm, the transportation needs a spreader bar as the picture below.

Figure 4.3.1 (b) shows the method of transfering the trusses with slings by supported by
spreader bar.

The spreader bar are attached with the web-chord and the size of the bar
approximately a half or quarter the length of the truss.
4.3.2 ROOF TRUSSES EXPOSURE AND STORAGE

Figure 4.3.2 (b) shows the method of storing the truss vertically.

If the trusses are stored vertically, the designed support should be installed to
prevent from tipping and toppling. The truss chord should be sloped such that water
drains off.

Where trusses are stored on site, they should be blocked above firm ground so that
they do not come into contact with the soil and to protect them from ground water.

4.4 ROOF CONSTRUCTION TYPE

4.4.1 GABLE END CONSTRUCTION

This construction method used so it has a small verge supported with wall framing.
The small verge were needed to shade the raked end wall.

Roof battens
Figure 4.4(b) shows the

construction process of

the roof
Housing unit after the

proccess of concrete

infill the ready to the finishes proccess. The fascia board that conventional method usually used
timber material were repalced by aluminium metal due to the costing factor.

4.4.1 THE CONNECTION DETAIL FOR SMALL VERGE ON THE ROOF CONSTRUCTION
OF END GABLE END METHOD

Raked End
Wall
Figure 4.4(a) shows the framing of small verge supported by the wall framing.

Figure 4..4.1 (b) shows the batten rest on the wall frame and

The

connected to wall plate. A maximum verge of 450mm can be a

Figure
4.4.1
(a)
shows
shading
device
for
wall.
the sectional detail
drawing of the small
verge of gable end roof.

wall itself
function as

supporting structure for roof instead of roof trusses in the intermediate spaces
between the party wall of each unit.

Figure 4.4.1 (d) Section A-A show the positioning for the
trusses.
A plaster ceiling has being used for this housing and
attached to the ceiling battens.

Figure 4.4.1 (c) above

show that the truss
module detail.

The material that

were used for the roof trusses were

made of the

combination of C-channel steel

(light-weight

material) produced by the same

company that

produced the IBS Enduro Wall

product. In this way it

economically constructed and

suited for IBS method that invented to reduce the construction cost.

plastered ceiling

Figure 4.4.1 (e) show the

REFERENCES
INTERVIEWS
MOHD SHAHRIN BIN ABDULLAH, PROJECT ENGINEER (2016), ARI TIMUR
(KB) SDN. BHD.
BOOKS
P.JONES (2016), ENDUROWALL, Walling System Installation Manual,

D.SYME (2016), ENDUROTRUSS Roofing System Installation Manual,

P.JONES (2016) ENDUROFRAME Installation Checklist

WEBSITES

http://enduroframe.com.au/manufacturing/ENDUROFRAME_building_syst
em

http://www.ajiya.com/history.html

http://www.pr1ma.my/pr1ma_property.php?lang=en&id=571