Regulatory Framework & Existing Missouri River Pipeline Infrastructure Hazards

Simona L.
Perry, PhD
11-15-2016
Current U.S. Regulatory Framework for Crude Oil Pipelines

According to the Department of Transportation's Pipeline and Hazardous
Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) operator-reported data, there were
approximately 2.7 million miles of oil and gas pipelines operating in the continental
US in 20151. Of these millions of miles, 72,563 were identified as crude oil pipelines,
a 68% increase in crude oil pipeline miles since 2004. Notably, except under special
circumstances (see next paragraph), crude oil and hazardous liquids pipelines are
not subject to the same federal siting requirements as natural gas pipelines.
Unlike natural gas transmission pipelines, whose siting is regulated by the
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) under the Natural Gas Act 2 there is
no single federal body or law that preempts state-by-state siting authority for crude
oil pipelines within the borders of the United States 3. Instead, approvals for siting of
crude oil pipelines are on a state-by-state basis, with further state and federal
review and authorization required only when the proposed route could potentially
impact environmental, natural, historical, and cultural resources. For example,
federal law requires a crude oil pipeline project to obtain additional approvals or
establish consultation requirements when the project would (1) cross an
international border or federal lands; (2) result in emissions of regulated pollutants
under the Clean Air Act (CAA) or discharges into surface waters under the Clean
Water Act (CWA); or (3) affect areas with protected wildlife or cultural, natural, or
historical resources. In some cases, the federal or a delegated state agency granting
the authorization or permits may condition its approval on the pipeline companys
compliance with certain terms4. And, notably, some of these authorizations may
constitute federal action requiring some level of National Environmental Policy
Act (NEPA) review. During the NEPA process, the lead agency may identify
additional necessary federal authorizations or consultations by federal agencies
1 US DOT PHMSA Portal Data as of 10/29/2016.
2 Natural Gas Act of 1938 15 U.S.C. 717-717z.
3 Congressional Research Service March 28 2016, "Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas and
Crude Oil: Federal and State Regulatory Authority" by Brandon J. Murrill, available at
https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R44432.pdf.
4 Ibid
Simona L. Perry, PhD
11-15-2016
under other federal laws including the Rivers and Harbor Act, Endangered Species
Act, National Historic Preservation Act, Native American Graves Protection and
Repatriation Act5. Once constructed and operating, the safety and integrity of
interstate crude oil pipelines is regulated, monitored, and enforced by the
Department of Transportation under PHMSA. However, the implementation of
PHMSA regulations and its executive branch authority to develop and enforce
monitoring and mitigation guidelines for oil (and natural gas) pipelines has been
hampered by lack of funding, staffing shortfalls, and a culture of voluntary operatorgenerated safety recommendations, policies, and reporting that has been politically
reinforced via direct pressure from petrochemical lobbyists working through the
legislative branch and Congress6.
The Unique Hazards Posed by River and Stream Crossings
Oil and gas pipelines crossing streams and rivers (whether under the stream
bed, in-water, or above-water) or in floodplains are subject to unique hazards and as
such may pose a higher probability of harming the environment and human health
than over-land, non-floodplain crossings. PHMSA has recognized that the
consequences of a release in water "can be much more severe because of the threats
to drinking water supplies and the environment"7. Seasonal and episodic flooding,
increased stream velocities, and man-made and natural river bank restrictions
result in river bottom scour and channel migration that can undermine support soils
and riverbeds and expose pipelines to lateral water pressures, harmonic vibrations,
and waterborne debris. Such pressure, vibrations, and debris can increase the
potential for underwater and floodplain pipeline failures8. In addition, valves,
regulators, relief sets, pressure sensors and other safety facilities normally above
ground or above water can become covered by water and rendered inoperable
during high flow events9. To address this known high consequence hazard, PHMSA
5 Ibid, p.9
6 For example, see https://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/issue_spec.php?id=FUE&year=2016
7 81 CFR 2943, Docket No. PHMSA-2015-0283, p. 2945

8 Ibid.
9 Ibid.
11-15-2016
issued an Advisory Bulletin entitled, "Pipeline Safety: Potential for Damage to

Pipeline Facilities Caused by Flooding, River Scour, and River Channel Migration,"
on January 19, 2016. This Bulletin, the sixth issued by DOT since 1993 10, came after
a series of significant spills in rivers and along waterways since 2010 11.
It has been well-documented in post-accident investigations and long-term
epidemiological research that crude oil pipeline accidents can damage sensitive
river ecosystems, threaten drinking water, cause illness and health concerns, cause
permanent dislocation of residents from their homes, and can lead to catastrophic
explosions12 13 14 15 16. A combination of pipeline composed of inadequate materials
for the product being transported, improperly placed or lacking emergency shut-off
valves or integrity monitoring systems, poor communication and coordination with
local emergency dispatch and responders, and the processes of river scour and bank
erosion were identified as key factors in all of the pipeline accidents along
waterways reviewed in the past six years.
What We Know from Publicly-Available Data about Crude Oil and Hazardous Liquid
Pipelines and Accidents in the Missouri River Basin
10 Office of Pipeline Safety, ADB 93-03, 07/29/1993
11 The Wall Street Journal, "Floods Put Pipelines at Risk: Records Suggest Erosion of Riverbeds
Jeopardizes Oil and Gas Infrastructure" by Jack Nicas, December 3, 2012.
12 "The Health Effects of Oil Contamination: A Compilation of Research" by Jon Gay, Olivia
Shepherd, Mike Thyden, Matt Whitman. December 15, 2010. Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
Companion website and database:
https://sites.google.com/site/oilcontaminationhealtheffects/.
13"Final Order in the Matter of ExxonMobil Pipeline Company (Pegasus Pipeline, Mayflower,
Arkansas), DOT Office of Pipeline Safety, CPF No. 4-2013-5027," available at
http://phmsa.dot.gov/staticfiles/PHMSA/DownloadableFiles/Files/420135027_Final_Order_10
012015.pdf.
14"Notice of Probable Violation: Proposed Civil Penalty and Proposed Compliance Order," DOT
PHMSA, March 25, 2013, available at
http://phmhqnwas062.phmsa.dot.gov/staticfiles/PHMSA/DownloadableFiles/Files/Enforceme
nt%20Decisions%20Files/PCO_03252013.pdf.
15National Transportation Safety Board. 2012. Enbridge Incorporated Hazardous Liquid
Pipeline Rupture and Release, Marshall, Michigan, July 25, 2010. Pipeline Accident Report
NTSB/PAR-12/01. Washington, D.C.; 81 CFR 2943, Docket No. PHMSA-2015-0283
16 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Yellowstone River Conservation District Council. 2015.
Yellowstone River Cumulative Effects Analysis. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Omaha District.
Omaha, NE
11-15-2016
An initial analysis of data from the 64 counties (in North Dakota, South
Dakota, Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri) within the Missouri River Basin
using PHMSA's National Pipeline Mapping System (NPMS) public user interface 17
(see Attachment 1), revealed that approximately 143 crude oil, natural gas liquid,
and other hazardous liquid product pipelines cross 16 major tributaries to the
Missouri (i.e., Platte, Grand, Chariton, Osage, Moreau, Gasconde, Little Missouri,
Yellowstone, Little Nemaha, Big Nemaha, Elkhorn, Little Sioux, East Nishnabotna,
Boyer, Floyd, and Kansas), as well as the Missouri River and the Mississippi River.
The NPMS data shows that between 2002 and January of 2016 these 143 hazardous
liquids pipelines crossing rivers, contributed to at least 62 accidents totaling
approximately 1.8 million gallons (43,353 barrels) of oil and hazardous spills and
leaks onto the lands and waterways within these counties.
Since 2011, PHMSA notes that there have been at least two separate
hazardous liquid (one natural gasoline and one anhydrous ammonia) pipeline
failures in the Missouri River that have been directly caused by river scour and
vibrational damage18. In our analysis of NPMS data, 23 crude oil pipelines cross the
Missouri River within the 64 counties of the Basin. Of these 23 pipelines, eight had
both minor and significant accidents between 2002 and 2015 that resulted in a little
over one million gallons (24,345 barrels) of crude oil being spilled. According to
NPMS public records, none of these crude oil accidents occurred directly within the
river bed. Further geographic and statistical analysis is warranted to show exactly
how far away these accidents occurred from major (and minor) waterways and to
calculate the probabilities that these spills pose environmental and human health
risks in surface and ground water.
While pipelines have been touted as the most economically efficient and
environmentally safe way to move oil and gas, there has been no independent
scientific and comprehensive risk assessments done that adequately compare the
transport of crude oil and other hazardous liquids by pipeline to other modes of
17 National Pipeline Mapping System, https://www.npms.phmsa.dot.gov/PublicViewer/
18 81 CFR 2943, Docket No. PHMSA-2015-0283

4
11-15-2016
transport such as railcar19. Without such a risk assessment, along with a likelihood
or probability analysis of the potential for accidents, there is no scientific validity to
the claim that pipelines are the safest mode of onshore transport of oil, hazardous
liquids, and gas.
Recommendation
Based on the known and documented hazards posed to oil and gas pipelines
by river and stream crossings, the existing and cumulative oil spill data from the
Missouri River Basin, and the lack of a scientific and comprehensive risk assessment
and likelihood assessment of accidents from hazardous liquids pipelines, a full and
complete Environmental Impact Statement is warranted.
19 "Department of Transportation Is Taking Actions to Address Rail Safety, but Additional

Actions Are Needed to Improve Pipeline Safety," 2014 GAO report 14-667,
http://www.gao.gov/assets/670/665404.pdf.
Attachment 1. Hazardous liquids pipeline river crossings in Missouri River Basin.(PHMSA data 11/2/16)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
A
State
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
MO
KS
ND
B
C
D
County
# haz liquids pipes crossing rivRiver name
Andrew
1 Missouri
Andrew
Atchison
0
Boone
1 Missouri
Boone
1 Missouri
Boone
1 Missouri
Buchanan
1 Missouri
Buchanan
1
Buchanan
1 Missouri
Callaway
0
Chariton
1 Grand
Chariton
1 Grand
Chariton
1 Grand
Chariton
1 Grand
Chariton
1 Grand
Chariton
1 Grand
Chariton
1 Missouri
Chariton
1 Missouri
Chariton
Chariton
Clay
1 Missouri
Clay
1 Missouri
Cole
1 Osage
Cole
1 Osage
Cooper
0
Franklin
1 Missouri
Franklin
1 Missouri
Franklin
Gasconde
1 Missouri
Gasconde
1 Gasconde
Holt
0
Howard
0
Jackson
1 Missouri
Jackson
1 Missouri
Jackson
1 Missouri
Lafayette
1 Missouri
Lafayette
1 Missouri
Moniteau
1 Missouri
Moniteau
1 Missouri
Moniteau
1 Missouri
Montgomery
1 Missouri
Osage
0
Platte
1 Missouri
Platte
1 Missouri
Platte
1 Missouri
Platte
1 Missouri
Platte
1 Missouri
Platte
1 Missouri
Platte
1 Missouri
Saline
1 Missouri
Saline
1 Missouri
St. Louis
1 Mississippi
St. Louis
1 Mississippi
St. Louis
1 Mississippi
St. Louis
1 Mississippi
St. Louis
1 Missouri
St. Louis
1 Missouri
St. Louis
1 Mississippi
St. Louis
1 Mississippi
St. Louis
St. Louis
Atchison
1 Missouri
Burleigh
1 Missouri
E
River name
Platte
Platte
Platte
Chariton
Chariton
Chariton
Moreau
Moreau
F
Commodity
Status
non-NGL, refined petroleum p in service
refined and/or petroeum produin service
non-HVL product
non-HVL product
non-HVL product
Crude oil
Crude oil
Crude oil
idle
retired
in service
in service
in service
H
Operator
Magellan Pipeline Company, LP
Buckeye Partners LP
I
Pipeline System
Magellan Pipe Line PRD
UG761NB

TC Oil Pipeline Operations Inc (Transcanad Keystone
Kinder Morgan Pipelines (USA) Inc
Express Holdings (USA) Inc (Spectra SubsidExpress Platte
Empty liquid
abandoned
Crude Oil
in service
non-HVL Product, unleaded gain service
Crude Oil
in service
Crude Oil
in service
LPG- HVL or other flammable/in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
non-HVL Product
in service
non-HVL Product, gasoline
in service
LPG- Propane, HVL or other flin service
Empty liquid
abandoned
none
Freeman-Manhattan_2
BP Pipeline (North America) Inc
P1201 Freeman-Manhattan
Sinclair Transportation Company (Sinclair OCarrollton_Gibbs
Enterprise Products Operating LLC
East Leg
CCPS Transportation LLC (Enbridge SubsidCushing Region
CCPS Transportation LLC (Enbridge SubsidCushing Region- Key to Cushi
Terasen Pipeline (USA) Inc (Transmountain)
Terasen Pipeline (USA) Inc (Transmountain)
Buckeye Partners LP
IM760UG
Buckeye Partners LP / Amoco Oil Partners UG761NB
Phillips 66 Pipeline LLC
Blue Borger to East Chicago
none
Empty liquid
non-HVL Product, gasoline
Propane
Anhydrous Ammonia
non-HVL Product and LPG
none
Glenpool Pump Station/Wood
Explorer Pipeline Co.
Glenpool to Wood River
ConocoPhillips
Nustar Pipeline Operating Partnership LP / KSalem Station- J1 Station
Gold Borger to East Chicago
abandoned
in service
in service
in service
in service
non-HVL Product, Refined Proin service

non-HVL Products, diesel
in service
non-HVL Products, refined andin service
Crude oil
in service
Empty liquid
abandoned
non-HVL Product
retired
non-HVL Product
in service
non-HVL Product
idle
Anhydrous Ammonia
in service
Sinclair Transportation Company (Sinclair OOlathe_ReedJnct

Buckeye Partners LP / Amoco Oil Partners UG761NB
Buckeye Partners LP
IM760UG
BP Pipeline (North America) Inc
P1201 Freeman-Manhattan
none
Abandoned CNW Crossing
Nustar Pipeline Operating Partnership LP / KSalem Station- J1 Station
NGL
in service
LPG, Ethane/Propane, Natura in service
non-HVL product
in service
NGL
in service
Empty liquid
abandoned
Empty liquid
abandoned
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
LPG, Propane
in service
non-HVL, Jet fuel A
in service
non-HVL product
idle
non-HVL product, refined keroin service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
idle
LPG, propane
in service
NGL
non-HVL product
in service
Oneok NGL Pipeline LLC

CCPS Transportation LLC (Enbridge)
CCPS Transportation LLC (Enbridge)
Laclede Gas Co
St Louis Pipeline Operating LLC
Buckeye Partners LP
Buckeye Partners LP
Enbridge Pipelines (Ozark) LLC
Enbridge Pipelines (Ozark) LLC
Laclede Gas Co.
Nustar Pipeline Operating Partners LP
North System Pipeline

East Leg Loop
East Leg Mainline
Cushing Region- Key to Cushi
Cushing Region- Flanagan to
HVL Pipeline
St Louis Pipeline
Spare MS River X-ing
WO175LO
Cushing Region- Cushing to W
Cushing Region- Missouri Rive
HVL Pipeline - JB River Cross
Mandan-Jamestown E
1
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
A
State
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
B
C
D
County
River name
Dunn
1 Little Missouri
Dunn
Dunn
1 Little Missouri
Dunn
1 Little Missouri
McKenzie
1 Missouri
McKenzie
1 Yellowstone
McKenzie
1 Yellowstone
McKenzie
1 Missouri
McKenzie
1 Missouri
McKenzie
1 Missouri
McKenzie
McKenzie
McKenzie
McKenzie
McKenzie
McKenzie
McKenzie
1 Missouri
McKenzie
1 Missouri
McKenzie
1 Missouri
McKenzie
McKenzie
McKenzie
McKenzie
McKenzie
1 Little Missouri
McKenzie
1 Little Missouri
McKenzie
1 Little Missouri
McLean
0
Mercer
0
Morton
1 Missouri
Mountrail
1 Missouri
Mountrail
Mountrail
Sioux
0
Williams
1 Missouri
Williams
1 Missouri
Williams
1 Missouri
Williams
1 Missouri
Williams
1 Missouri
Williams
1 Missouri
Williams
Williams
Williams
Bon Homme
0
Brule
0
Buffalo
0
Charles Mix
0
Clay
0
Gregory
0
Hughes
0
Lyman
0
Union
0
Walworth
0
Yankton
1 Missouri
Yankton
1 Missouri
Yankton
1 Missouri
Yankton
1 Missouri
Boyd
0
Burt
1 Missouri
Burt
1 Missouri
Burt
1 Missouri
Burt
1 Missouri
Burt
1 Missouri
Burt
1 Missouri
F
Commodity
Status
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Carbon Dioxide
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
NGL
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
refined and/or petroleum produin service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Carbon Dioxide
in service
non-HVL product
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
empty liquid
abandoned
Crude oil
in service
H
Operator
Tesoro High Plains Pipeline Company LLC
Dakota Gasification Company
Bridger Pipeline LLC
Plains Pipeline LP
Hiland Partners Holdings LLC
Hiland Crude LLC
Hiland Crude LLC
Statoil Oil & Gas LP
North Dakota Pipeline Company LLC
Targa Resources Operating LLC
Hiland Crude LLC
Belle Fourche Pipeline Co
Cenex Pipeline LLC
USG Wheatland Pipeline LLC
Cenex Pipeline LLC
none
Tesoro Great Plains Midstream LLC
I
Pipeline System
Mandan to Tioga
Mandan to Tioga
CO2Pipeline
Four Bears Pipeline System
Trenton Gathering
Rail Siding
Hiland Crude Gathering- Dore
Hiland Crude Gathering- Bainv
Rough Rider
North Dakota Region-Alexand
Mandan to Tioga
CO2Pipeline
Cenex Pipeline System-Glend
Rough Rider
Rough Rider
BakkenLink Dry Creek to Fryb
non-HVL products, fuel oil

non-HVL products
Crude Oil
Crude Oil
in service
in service
in service
in service
Nustar Pipeline Operating Partners LP

Mandan-Jamestown E
Cenex Pipeline LLC
Cenex Pipeline System-Glend
Enbridge Pipelines (North Dakota) LLC
Crude Oil
Crude Oil
Crude Oil
Crude Oil
Crude Oil
Carbon Dioxide
Crude Oil
Crude Oil
Crude Oil
in service
in service
in service
in service
in service
in service
in service
in service
in service
Plains Pipeline LP
Statoil Oil & Gas LP
Hiland Crude LLC
North Dakota Pipeline Company LLC
Enbridge Pipelines (North Dakota) LLC
Trenton Gathering
Rough Rider
Hiland Crude Gathering- Bainv
North Dakota Region-Alexand
Mandan to Tioga
CO2Pipeline
Empty Liquid
non-HVL product
Empty Liquid
Crude oil
abandoned
in service
abandoned
in service
none
Nustar Pipeline Operating Partnership LP
none
TC Oil Operations Inc (Transcanada)
Norfolk-Yankton-6"
Norfolk-Yankton-6"
Norfolk-Yankton-8"
Keystone

Magellan Pipeline Company LP
West Leg
West Leg
Magellan Pipeline PRD
Cushing Traps to Blair Station
NGL
idle
LPG- Butane, Isobutane, Natuin service
non-HVL product
retired
non-HVL product
idle
non-HVL product
idle
Anhydrous Ammonia, HVL or in service
1
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
A
State
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
IA
KS
KS
KS
KS
KS
KS
B
C
D
County
River name
Burt
Cedar
1 Missouri
Cedar
1 Missouri
Cedar
1 Missouri
Cedar
1 Missouri
Dakota
0
Dixon
0
Douglas
1 Platte
Douglas
1 Platte
Douglas
1 Platte
Douglas
1 Platte
Douglas
Douglas
Douglas
Knox
0
Nemaha
1 Little Nemaha
Nemaha
1 Little Nemaha
Otoe
Otoe
1 Little Nemaha
Otoe
1 Little Nemaha
Otoe
Otoe
Richardson
1 Big Nemaha
Richardson
1 Big Nemaha
Richardson
1 Big Nemaha
Sarpy
1 Missouri
Sarpy
1 Platte
Sarpy
1 Platte
Thurston
0
Washington
1 Elkhorn
Washington
1 Elkhorn
Washington
1 Elkhorn
Washington
Fremont
1 Missouri
Harrison
1 Little Sioux
Mills
1 Missouri
Mills
1 Missouri
Mills
1 Missouri
Mills
1 Missouri
Mills
1 Missouri
Mills
1 East Nishnabotna
Mills
1 East Nishnabotna
Monona
1 Missouri
Monona
1 Missouri
Monona
1 Missouri
Little Sioux
Monona
1 Missouri
Monona
1 Missouri
Monona
1 Missouri
Monona
1 Missouri
Monona
1 Missouri
Monona
1 Missouri
Monona
1 Missouri
Little Sioux
Monona
1 Little Sioux
1 Boyer
Pottawattamie
Pottawattamie
Woodbury
1 Floyd
Woodbury
1 Floyd
Doniphan
1 Missouri
Doniphan
1 Missouri
Doniphan
1 Missouri
Leavenworth
1 Missouri
Leavenworth
1 Missouri
Wyandotte
1 Missouri
F
Commodity
Anhydrous Ammonia, HVL or
non-HVL product
Empty Liquid
non-HVL product
Crude oil
G
Status
in service
in service
abandoned
in service
in service
H
Operator
Magellan Ammonia Pipeline LP
none
TC Oil Operations Inc (Transcanada)
I
Pipeline System
Norfolk-Yankton-8"
Norfolk-Yankton-6"
Norfolk-Yankton-6"
Keystone
Anhydrous Ammonia
in service
Anhydrous Ammonia
in service
LPG, Propane
in service
LPG, Butane, Isobutane, Natu in service
Anhydrous Ammonia
in service
Anhydrous Ammonia
in service
non-HVL product, liquid at am in service

Blair Station to David City Trps

West Leg
West Leg
West Leg
non-HVL product
idle
non-HVL product
in service
NGL, Butane
in service
Butane
in service
Propane
in service
non-HVL product
idle
non-HVL product
in service
non-HVL product
in service
non-HVL product
idle
non-HVL product
idle
non-HVL product
retired

CHS McPherson Refinery Inc
Kinder Morgan Energy Partners LP
Kinder Morgan Energy Partners LP

Anhydrous Ammonia
in service
Anhydrous Ammonia
in service
Anhydrous Ammonia
in service
NGL, Butane
in service
non-HVL products
in service
non-HVL products
idle
non-HVL product
in service
empty liquid
abandoned
non-HVL product, unleaded gain service
empty liquid
abandoned
NGL, Butane
in service
non-HVL products
in service
non-HVL products
idle
non-HVL products
idle
non-HVL products, Anhydrousin service
non-HVL products
retired
non-HVL products
retired
Anhydrous Ammonia
NGL
idle
empty liquid
abandoned
Anhydrous Ammonia
in service
LPG- Propane
in service
non-HVL products
in service
non-HVL products
in service
non-HVL products
retired
non-HVL product
in service
Crude oil
in service
Crude oil
in service
non-HVL product
in service
Nustar Pipeline Operating Partnership LP Blair Station to David City Trps

West Leg
West Leg
West Leg
Nustar Pipeline Operating Partnership LP Council Bluffs - Whiskey Cree
CHS McPherson Refinery Inc
CHS Council Bluffs Pipeline
none
products pipeline
none
Buckeye Partners LP
UG761NB
West Leg
West Leg
West Leg
none
Magellan Ammonia Pipeline
Nustar Pipeline Operating Partnership LP Cushing Traps to Blair Station
West Leg
Nustar Pipeline Operating Partnership LP Council Bluffs - Whiskey Cree
East Leg
East Leg
CHS Council Bluffs Pipeline


1
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
A
State
KS
KS
KS
KS
KS
KS
KS
KS
KS
KS
KS
B
County
Wyandotte
Wyandotte
Wyandotte
Wyandotte
Wyandotte
Wyandotte
Wyandotte
Wyandotte
Wyandotte
Wyandotte
Wyandotte
C
D
1 Missouri
1 Missouri
1 Missouri
1 Missouri
1 Missouri
1
1
1
1
Kansas
Kansas
Kansas
Kansas
E
River name
F
Commodity
Status
NGL
in service
non-HVL product
in service
Empty Liquid
abandoned
Empty Liquid
abandoned
Empty Liquid
abandoned
unleaded gasoline
in service
non-HVL product, unleaded gain service
non-HVL product
in service
non-HVL product
in service
non-HVL product
in service
H
Operator
I
Pipeline System
Paola-Kansas City 10 in
Paola-Kansas City 8 in
J
1 Pipe miles
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27 River Terminal
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
K
# Accidents
26.48
24.62
L
M
N
Accident Date
Near or In RiverAmt Loss (bbl)
1n
0.6
1n
0.24
O
Accident Cause
3/26/2009 Material/Weld/Equip Failure
1/1/2015 Incorrect operation
0.83
0.44
4.86
19.49
1n
20
4/3/2010 corrosion
1n
1n
4
2
1y
656
3/30/2010 natural force damage
1n
1n
1n
1
130
8

7/4/2004 All other causes
1n
1n
75
0.24
3/11/2008 Excavation damage

1
1n
1y
0.24
3625
3
10/22/2002 incorrect operation

2/3/2009 excavation damage
1n
1n
1n
0.5
0.95
11.9
6/12/2006 corrosion
6/20/2014 corrosion
1y
0.8
1n
1n
1n
0.4
13
0.5
18.24
21.66
20.57
22.73
22.76
23.03
28.69
20.18
12.06
24.98
20.89
36.79
38.37
5.26
33.52
7.58
1.03
35.16
0.17
6.52
0.91
0.85
7.07
21.96
18.19
18.16
2.39
0.64
0.11
0.27
31
31.56
1.31
11.18
0.37
15.86
7.07
0.85
0.31
4.62
P
Notes
Also crosse
Also crosse
Also crosse
Crosses Gr
6/7/2006 Incorrect operation

4/4/2006 corrosion
at Chariton

3/5/2002 corrosion
32.95
10
J
1 Pipe miles
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
K
# Accidents
21.72
46.3
52.52
2.18
12.44
2.9
0.34
7.39
6.13
36.15
34.71
69.67
L
M
N
Accident Date
1n
34
1n
0.12
O
Accident Cause
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
0.05
800
475
800
1
870
27
22.1
8/6/2014
2/13/2014
3/20/2014
12/6/2011
1/19/2016
7/9/2013
10/12/2015
1/27/2016
Material/Weld/Equip Failure
excavation damage
excavation damage
excavation damage
1
1
1
1
n
n
n
n
1000
4
390
25
12/9/2011
5/21/2008
1/1/2015
4/30/2006
excavation damage
excavation damage
corrosion
1y
1n
1n
12
20600
1n
3/6/2014 material/weld/equip failure
1n
1n
1n
0.24
40
5

1y
100
P
Notes
In Fort Bert
In Fort Bert
17.28
5.5
55.76
1.02
29.68
12.84
7.01
0.79
56.99
11.02
20.14

In Fort Bert
12/14/2005 all other causes
0.42
2.07
0.23
23.37
0.36
23.52
0.48
0.17
23.46
13.71
11
J
1 Pipe miles
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
K
# Accidents
31.54
0.15
0.04
0.35
L
M
N
Accident Date
1n
2.39
O
Accident Cause
1n
0.24
1n
1n
1n
2
0.14
184.14

6/30/2010 corrosion
1n
1n
650
3
12/10/2011 excavation damage

1n
1n
4
4

1n
1n
0.12
0.07

1/9/2007 corrosion
1n
9090
1y
1n
675
0.02

1n
28
1n
8.5
P
Notes
1.43
0.3
6.68
6.7
15.65
3.46
21.31
30.16
9.62
5.47
0.13
0.1
5.28
3
18.77
18.48
18.5
9.91
27.33
2.21
12.67
0.43
26.69
0.21
21.06
21.99
1.09
1.13
1.16
0.11
1.15
17.52
1.3
0.39
29.23
23.41
23.7
1.09
1.09
5.07
19.27
0.75
19.46
19.32
0.16
12
J
1 Pipe miles
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
K
# Accidents
L
M
N
Accident Date
O
Accident Cause
P
Notes
0.03
0.08
0.02
0.11
0.24
0.51
14.17
14.31
2.75
1n
1n
1y
2936
0.1
0.71
5/23/2005 corrosion
11/25/2012 corrosion
13

Regulatory Framework &amp; Existing Missouri River Pipeline Infrastructure Hazards

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Regulatory Framework &amp; Existing Missouri River Pipeline Infrastructure Hazards

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Simona L.

Current U.S. Regulatory Framework for Crude Oil Pipelines

Simona L. Perry, PhD

7 81 CFR 2943, Docket No. PHMSA-2015-0283, p. 2945

Simona L. Perry, PhD

issued an Advisory Bulletin entitled, "Pipeline Safety: Potential for Damage to

Simona L. Perry, PhD

17 National Pipeline Mapping System, https://www.npms.phmsa.dot.gov/PublicViewer/

18 81 CFR 2943, Docket No. PHMSA-2015-0283

Simona L. Perry, PhD

19 "Department of Transportation Is Taking Actions to Address Rail Safety, but Additional

Magellan Pipeline Company, LP

non-HVL Product, Refined Proin service

Sinclair Transportation Company (Sinclair OOlathe_ReedJnct

Oneok NGL Pipeline LLC

North System Pipeline

non-HVL products, fuel oil

Nustar Pipeline Operating Partners LP

Enterprise Products Operating LLC

Nustar Pipeline Operating Partnership LP

Blair Station to David City Trps

Magellan Pipeline Company LP

Magellan Pipeline PRD

Nustar Pipeline Operating Partnership LP Blair Station to David City Trps

CHS Council Bluffs Pipeline

Magellan Pipeline PRD

3/30/2010 natural force damage

7/15/2015 Material/Weld/Equip Failure

3/11/2008 Excavation damage

10/22/2002 incorrect operation

6/7/2006 Incorrect operation

2/14/2013 incorrect operation

2/28/2014 Material/Weld/Equip Failure

3/6/2014 material/weld/equip failure

8/22/2005 material/weld/equip failure

7/16/2011 natural force damage

7/21/2009 material/weld/equip failure

8/19/2010 material/weld/equip failure

5/23/2006 material/weld/equip failure

12/10/2011 excavation damage

4/13/2002 material/weld/equip failure

12/16/2004 material/weld/equip failure

6/1/2008 material/weld/equip failure

8/13/2011 natural force damage

2/23/2010 incorrect operation

5/29/2011 material/weld/equip failure

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Regulatory Framework & Existing Missouri River Pipeline Infrastructure Hazards

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