Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Green School*
Bali, Indonesia
I.
Introduction
The Green School with its affiliates the Meranggi Foundation and PT Bambu were founded by
John and Cynthia Hardy, designers and environmentalists from Bali, Indonesia.
They were both concerned about the depletion of the worlds resources and became advocates
for the use of bamboo as an alternative to rain forest timber as a building material.
The Green School creates a sustainable campus straddling both sides of the Ayung River in
Sibang Kaja, Bali. The campus is situated in a lush jungle with native plants and trees along
with sustainable organic gardens. The campus is powered by a number of alternative energy
sources including bamboo sawdust hot water and cooking system and a hydro-powered vortex
generator and solar panels. Campus buildings include: classrooms, gym, assembly spaces,
classrooms, faculty housing, offices, cafes, and bathrooms. On the Green School campus are a
range of inspiring architecturally significant spaces from large multi-storey communal spaces
to much smaller classroom spaces. Bamboo is a local sustainable material used in innovative
and experimental ways demonstrating its architectural possibilities. The result is a holistic
green community with a strong educational mandate that seeks to inspire students to be more
curious, more engaged and more passionate about our environment and our planet.
The Meranggi Foundation is an initiative to develop plantations of bamboo plants embedded
in the local agrarian community through gifting bamboo seedlings to local rice farmers along
with advice from bamboo experts about where to plant their plants. This environmental nonprofit organization raises bamboo seedlings in their nursery and distributes them to farmers
across the island of Bali helping them grow commercially valuable bamboo species. The
Foundation maintains detailed planting records using GPS technology, monitors bamboo
growth rates (including associated carbon capture) as well as securing markets for future
bamboo trade. To date, the Meranggi Foundation has distributed over 60,000 bamboo
seedlings, sharing their skills and expertise with locals to help grow and harvest high quality
bamboo. In a few years time, the work of the Meranggi Foundation will generate enough
bamboo for a growing sustainable construction industry and to supplement the income of local
farmers.
PT Bambu is a for profit design and construction company that promotes the use of bamboo as
a primary building material to avoid further depletion of our rain forests. The Green School
campus is a giant laboratory built by PT Bambu demonstrating innovative uses of bamboo for
a variety of building scales and programmatic types.
II.
Contextual Information
A.
B.
C.
Climatic Conditions
Lying along the equator, Bali has a tropical climate, with two distinct monsoonal wet and dry
seasons. Average annual rainfall in the lowlands varies from 70-125 inches. Humidity is
generally high, averaging about 80%. Temperatures vary little throughout the year; the
average daily temperature range on the island of Bali is 26-30 C (79-86 F). The Green
School site is located at Latitude -8.548 and Longitude 115.136.
D.
rain. The longest of these rivers, the Ayung River, flows approximately 75 km through central
Bali.
Due to human influence, many we consider native to Bali have been introduced by humans
within the last centuries, making it sometimes hard to distinguish what plants are really native.
The most common larger trees are: banyan trees, jackfruit, coconuts, and bamboo species. The
landscape is also populated with Acadia trees and many varieties of bananas plants. Numerous
flowers can be seen such as hibiscus, frangipani, bougainvillea, poinsettia, oleander, jasmine,
roses, begonias, orchids and hydrangeas. Rice comes in many local varieties. Other plants with
agricultural value include: salak, mangosteen, corn, coffee and water spinach.
E.
III.
Programme
A.
B.
C.
D.
Functional Requirements
The design teams brief includes site infrastructure as well as buildings to accommodate the
school program.
Site infrastructure including pathways, landscaping, alternative energy power sources, bridges,
parking areas, service zones
Functional program includes: Drop off pavilions; classrooms for children from Kindergarten
to Grade 9; main assembly building providing multipurpose spaces for teaching, display,
gathering, offices; gymnasium; Mepantigan area for Balinese martial arts; faculty housing;
principals office; staff room; medical station; cafe or warung; composting toilets and change
rooms.
IV.
Description
A.
Building Data
x
x
x
B.
public buildings on the campus. Each building completed provided lessons learned through the
design and realization that created greater confidence to take on new challenges.
Purely Formal Aspects
On the Green School campus there are many buildings. Their massing relates directly to their
programmatic use and their campus siting. In each building the bamboo structure is exposed,
expressed and celebrated. There are many generous roofs and very few walls and windows.
The large roof overhangs protect the spaces from driving rains and hot sun. The roofs are
covered with alang alang which is a local material used for vernacular domestic buildings.
Most Balinese temples and sacred spaces are also clad in alang alang which is closely cropped
like a sharp haircut. At the Green School, all of the buildings covered in alang alang that are
kept looser at the edges of the roof and not trimmed.
Landscaping
Landscape plays a major role in the Green School campus. Green school classrooms are
located on the western ridge of the campus sited around a series of are sustainable gardens
with Balinese rice and local vegetables which are tended by the school children and staff.
Students circulate through the gardens promoting interaction of all year levels whilst plant
varieties are named for children to learn about botany, biology and cultivation. Every garden
has its own cycle and one is observing seedlings, mature plants and freshly picked gardens
throughout the site.
There are some areas with large open surfaces for playing sports near the gym and heart of
school. There is a large mud pit for Balinese mud wrestling located near the Mepantigan
studio.
C.
Structural Members
At Heart of School, groupings of bamboo columns 16 18 meters high provide the
structural mass for the soaring three storey high spaces. Throughout this building there
are many bamboo joints that were tested at a 1:1 scale in structural testing labs.
The Gymnasium is a multipurpose facility for physical activities and gathering.
Technically demanding structural bamboo arches are used providing an 18 metre column
free span and height of 14 metres.
The Metapantigan Studio is multipurpose facility for theatre, social events and gatherings.
The strength and stability of the structure relies on four main arches. Each arch consists
of three petung bamboos providing another column free span. Stepped seating is
integrated into the base of the building.
Kul Kul Bridge is a bamboo suspension bridge connecting both sides of the Ayung River.
The bridge has a span of 20 metres and a width of 2 metres. Empirically, this bridge has
tested to subject 6 ton load.
Infill Materials
The main assembly buildings on the Green School campus do not have any walls or
doors. Some of the offices, staff rooms and faculty housing use bamboo infill panels and
single glazing to create enclosure. Within The Green School classrooms, canvas
impregnated with natural latex is used to create intimate bubble spaces for gathering.
Construction Technology
The building of the Green School campus relies on local craftsmen and artisans to realize the
numerous building types. Bamboo is used not only for the finished building but as the
scaffolding and intermediary armature for construction. Low tech equipment and ingenuity are
used to build large scale, complex spatial volumes without the benefit of heavy equipment or
cranes.
The Green School design team worked directly with Professor Ir. Morisco, a world leader in
structural properties of bamboo leading the Structural Engineering Laboratory in the
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Gadjah Mada University in
Yogyakarta. His colleagues Ashar Saputra and Inggar Irawati working under Professor
Morisco formed the structural engineering team for this project.
The design team prepared detailed construction models and brought them to the Structural
Engineering laboratory. The engineering team took the physical model and transformed it into
a computer model. It took them over two months to prepare accurate computer models of all
of the Green School buildings.
Through the computer models the structural engineering team was able to test the axial
loading, window and uploading, earthquake loads to ensure compliance with the Indonesian
building codes. The types of buildings designed for the Green School were very irregular and
there was very little precedent for methodologies and precedents for analysis.
Building Services, Site Utilities
A local volcanic stone provides permeable paving all of the pedestrian pathways and parking
areas on the Green School campus. Domestic hot water heaters are fuelled by bamboo sawdust
and rice husks. A vortex hydroelectric plant diverts water from the Ayung River and creates a
vortice which can be tapped to create hydro-electricity. This environmentally friendly
technology is in its early stages of development. Composting toilets are used throughout the
Green School campus.
Bamboo sawdust remnants from PT Bambus factory and rice husks are used to fuel hot water
heaters and kitchens. A vortex hydroelectric plant diverts water from the Ayung River and
creates a vortice which can be tapped to create hydro-electricity.
Solar panels are also located on campus. The Green Schools composting toilets preserve
human waste and use to create bio-gas and compost. All liquid waste passes through a system
which directs the liquid through a gravel chamber where it is filtered by feeding plants and
later used for irrigation of crops. Green School garbage is sorted and segregated. Metal and
plastics is recycled and organics are composted.
D.
Structural Engineers:
Bamboo Consultant:
Project Manager:
V.
A.
Hardy House in Sayan, Bali. Cheong Yew Kuan was commissioned by John and
Cynthia Hardy to design a house overlooking the Ayung River. Massive adobe walls
define the site and protect a two storey house with an open living platform. Natural
logs create large wooden portals on the ground floor that support a second floor tree
house.
2003
Kapal Bambu, Badung, Bali. Cheong Yew Kuan was commissioned by John and
Cynthia Hardy to design a jewellery showroom using bamboo as the primary building
material. The soaring 42 foot high space is inspired by a traditional Balinese watilan
or community hall. Bamboo is the primary structural material and the building is clad
in alang alang.
2005
Tiga Gunung, Badung, Bali. John Hardy, Aldo Landwehr and Jorg Stamm
collaborated on the design of a large work space featuring three spiralling central
bamboo columns. This cluster of bamboo columns impacts the interior space by
providing light through their hollow openings and creates the illusion of three peaks
on the exterior. Mud walls form the perimeter and on exterior the building clad in
alang alang resembles a mountain range.
2005
The Long Barn, Baung, Bali. Ketut Indra Saputra built a 56 m long bamboo barn
featuring a stairway that can be winched up.
Sumatra House, Baung, Bali. Miya Buxton collaborated with John Hardy to build a
traditional Minangkabau House or big house found in the highlands of West Sumatra.
The traditional Minang houses are made of wood with a bamboo roof. The Sumatra
House is entirely made from an extremely rare black bamboo native to Java.
Traditional Columbian binding and pinning joinery eliminated the need for nails and
bolts. The footings were built on top of river boulders.
2006
2006
Master Plan for Green School Campus. Cheong Yew Kuan was asked to design the
campus master plan. He located all the key buildings and open spaces, bridge
placement and classrooms.
PT Bambu opens.
The Green School hires director and faculty in preparation for a September 2008
opening.
2007
PT Bambu Kitchen, Badung, Bali. Aldo Landwehr, John Hardy, Yulianto Maliang,
Miya Buxton. The kitchen prototype for Heart of School. This experimental project is
a gathering place for the creative designers, bamboo factory works and field staff to
gather at lunch time. The kitchen staff prepares meals on stovetops fuelled by bamboo
shavings and husks from the nearby factory. The space is furnished with bamboo
tables and chairs and provides views over the rice and vegetable fields.
Kul Kul Bridge, Green School Campus. Aldo Landwehr, John Hardy and Jorg Stamm,
Yulianto Maliang collaborated on the design for the bridge. Jorg Stamm is an
internationally recognized designer and master builder of large bamboo structures,
buildings, and bridges. He is based in Candelaria, Columbia where he founded the
company Eco Bamboo.
Classrooms and Teachers Housing, Green School Campus. Aldo Landwehr, John
Hardy, Effan Adhiwira, Yulianto Maliang. Six classrooms for school children and
Nine individual houses for teachers were designed and built. A variety of forms were
realized for these two smaller building types.
Mepantigan Dome, Green School Campus. Cheong Yew Kuan, Miya Buxton,
Yulianto Maliang. Three levels earthen brick stepped amphitheatre seating provides an
earthbound base to a majestic 35 metre span assembly space with a semi-transparent
centre bringing light into the space. Used for performances, gathering and assembly.
Hydro-powered vortex generator, Green School Campus. Frank Zotela. Innovative
alternative energy system using water from the Ayung River to create hydro power.
2008
Heart of School, Green School Campus. Aldo Landwehr, John Hardy, Effan Adhiwira,
Yulianto Maliang, Phillip Beck, Jorg Stamm. The Heart of School consists of three
spiraling roof forms that are interconnected to creating remarkable inspiring space for
gathering, classrooms, offices, receptions. Students and faculty pass through this
building as they move through the campus.
Additional classrooms, bales, staff room, principals office. Green School Campus.
Effan Adhiwira, Yulianto Maliang. Buildings needed to accommodate Green School
program.
Design bamboo furniture for school. Chairs, desks, shelving, shoe storage.
Renewable energy solutions. Implemented.
The Meranggi Project. Nursery established and employees hired.
The Green School opens.
10
2009
Gymasium. Green School Campus. Ketut Indra Sapurtra. The gym is a large multi-use
space for gathering, physical activities and assembly with an 18 metre column free
span, 14 metres high created by a series of bamboo arches.
Warung / cafe. Green School Campus.
B.
C.
Exchange
Rate
Date
A.
58,170,000,000.00
6,000,000
9695
Sep 30 2009
B.
Cost of Land
14,542,500,000.00
1,500,00
9695
Sep 30 2009
C.
868,584
9695
Sep 30 2009
12,788,790,840.00
1,319,112
9695
Sep 30 2009
1.
Infrastructure
2.
Labour
3.
Materials
6,287,672,860.00
648,548
9695
Sep 30 2009
4.
Landscaping
1,114,925,000.00
115,000
9695
Sep 30 2009
5.
Professional Fees
1,454,250,000.00
150,000
9695
Sep 30 2009
6.
Other
146,132,735.00
15,073
9695
Sep 30 2009
30,212,703,010.00
3,116,318
9695
Sep 30 2009
3,635,625.00
375
9695
D.
E.
D.
Amount
in US dollars
Maintenance Costs
There are no mechanical systems at the Green School.
Natural ventilation is used for all buildings on the campus.
E.
11
VI.
Technical Assessment
A.
Functional Assessment
The Green School buildings provide PT Bambu with an excellent array of types of
installations and they allow them to monitor their building performance for the next few
decades allowing them to make modifications based on performance.
B.
Climatic performance
The open perimeter walls and central skylight in the main buildings at The Green School
allows ample natural and diffused daylight to enter the building, allowing efficient lighting for
teaching needs and eliminating the need for artificial lighting during day light hours.
Additional low energy lighting is incorporated for after hour needs, powered by renewable
energy such as solar panels.
The combination of open walls and semi-detached skylight also allows passive cross
ventilation and natural upward draft to vent and cool the building. For the hottest days the
central bubble which is a canvas cocoon coated with natural latex is fed by a huge fan
cooling the students through the peak mid-day sun.
The thermal mass of the Alang-alang grass roof protects the students from direct thermal gain
as well as acting as sound absorption for acoustic comfort. The black board and storage units
act as partitions and screens adding additional acoustic protection from and to adjacent
classrooms.
C.
D.
Environmental Response
The Green School campus is blanketed by an organic permaculture system design by
international and local experts. The Schools gardens grow over thirty varieties of rice, fruits
and vegetables. Fertile land, a quick growing cycle provides visible farming results feeding the
school children, faculty and PT Bambu staff. The organic farming connects the students
directly to the land forming the basis of an experiential learning component of the school
curriculum.
E.
12
sawdust, rice husks and other organic materials to produce energy for heating hot water and
cooking.
Through the use of skylights and passive ventilation and cooling, energy intensive artificial
lighting and climate control systems are virtually redundant. Each student is issued with a
laptop computer, powered by renewable energy, further illustrating Green schools
commitment to 21st century education beneath an environmental umbrella.
F.
G.
H.
Design Features
The Green School campus contains a range of inspiring sculptural volumes using bamboo in
innovative ways.
The Mepantigan Studio is defined by a central linear skylight bringing light into the middle of
a large assembly space. Exposed bamboo structural elements create an expressive system of
supports for its broad and generous roof. Exposed decking reveals the underside of the alang
alang roof. Low retaining walls transform into stepped amphitheatre seating providing a broad
13
earthbound base contrasting with the soaring roof above. The interior of this light-filled space
is used for daily school lunches, traditional Balinese martial and performing arts and
community gatherings.
The Kul Kul Bridge is an elegant bamboo bridge. It is a pivotal piece of The Green School
campus plan linking the west and east portions of the school and providing a metaphorical link
between the school community and the local community. The bridge design provides
thresholds at either end with enclosure and containment. This is contrasted with the middle of
the bridge which reveals views up and down the Ayung River connecting you to the landscape
beyond. The minimal but expressive structure sets a new design threshold for a bamboo
bridge.
Heart of School is a dynamic sculptural volume that is located at the crossroads of all paths
through the Green School campus. Three clusters of vertical bamboo columns create a multistemmed forest. Upper level platforms provide varying height spaces above and below.
Soaring volumes are contrasted with more intimate but open spaces. The Heart of School
explores the organic possibilities of bamboo as a vertical structural element defining
interconnected light filled space.
The Gym at The Green School celebrates and exploits the structural bamboo arch to create a
large column free space. The large structural arch provides an inexpensive big roof that can be
built quickly.
I.
14
J.
K.
VII.
Users
A.
15
constructing innovative bamboo buildings is embedded in the Green School and can be
maintained with an on-going symbiotic relationship with the local community.
B.
16
C.
D.
What do Neighbours and those in the Immediate Vicinity think about the Project?
The Green School has been well received by the neighbours in the immediate vicinity. The
Green School is part of a complex multi-generational Balinese community of banjars. There
are no security fences at the Green School. Their long term security is guaranteed by the
schools long term relationship with their neighbours.
The Green Schools commitment to the local community extends to a twenty percent intake of
Balinese children who attend Green School through a scholarship program. Additionally the
Green School has developed a program for educating local children about waste management
and local schools are taking on projects to grow and maintain bamboo. The interaction and
sensitivity towards the local and global community further enhances the unique international
community focus. The Green School and PT Bambu also employ many local villagers to work
for them.
A sincere thank you for an absolutely inspiring day at our tour of the Green School. On
behalf of the members that participated on our field trip, we all thank you. All of us were in
awe of the progress with this exceptional endeavour and we wish you the best with the Green
School. We hope in the future to be supportive of your scholarship program too. Rotary
Club, Seminyak, Bali.
Two thumbs up for Green School as I see this is very important contribution to build
sustainable brand of Bali Ayip, Bali.
17
Wow! This place is amazing. Architecturally stunning and beautifully situated, the Green
School is a model for all things possible in education. Global staff, balanced curriculum,
community involvement, family-based housing and a vision for developing the next generation
of great thinkers and leaders. Bamboo League.
VII.
Persons Involved
Vision, concept and design
John Hardy
Cynthia Hardy
Concept and Design
The late Aldo Landwehr
Architects
Effan Adhiwira
Yulianto Maliang
Miya Buxton
Philip Beck
Cheong Yew Kuan
Executive Director
Kumar Bothra
School Director
Ronald Stones, OBE
Design Manager Admin
Marni Dalle
Engineers
Prof. Ir. Morisco Ph.D.
Ashar Saputra, Ph.D
Inggar S.Irawati, S.T., M.T
Banboo Consultant
Jorg Stamm
Meranggi Foundation
Chris Major, director
Project manager
Ketut Indra Saputra
Admission director
Ben Macrory
Operational manager
Nina Thresia
Operational and inventory manager Aswini Agarwal
Inventory manager
Puspita
Finance manager
Jeckson Sinaga
Legal manager
Putu Eka
Human Resources manager
Putu Suwarmika
Design assistant
Josie
Purchasing Manager
Anita
Site supervisor
I Ketut Moko
Contractor
I Ketut Sudarma
Master craftsmen
Sutanaya, I Gede
I Made Kura
I Wayan Murdita
I Ketut Sumerta
Budiarta, I Made
Dama, I Wayan
Agustina
18
VIII.
Bibliography
In progress.
Brigitte Shim
May 2010
* This report is the orginal, unedited version sent by the author on the 13th May 2010.
19
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IRRG
Document B
3663.IDA
ARCHITECT'S RECORD
2010 AWARD CYCLE
I. IDENTIFICATION
Project Title
Green School
Street Address
Badung, Bali
City
Country
Indonesia
PT Bambu Bambu
Name
Mailing Address
City
Badung Bali
Country
Indonesia
Facsimile
Principal Designer
Postal Code
Telephone
E-mail
80352
: marni@ptbambu.com
B. Client
Name
Badung, Bali
Country Indonesia
Facsimile
Postal Code
80352
Role
Architect
Effan Adhiwira
Architect
Miya Buxton
Architect
Hanno Burtscher
Architect
Philip Beck
Architect
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
1/4
3663.IDA
III. TIMETABLE
(please specify year and month)
A. Commission
March 2005
B. Design
Commencement
June 2005
Completion
Dec 2007
C. Construction
Commencement
Feb 2007
Completion
Dec 2007
September 2007
D. Occupancy
Remarks, if any:
Phase II: Jan 2008 Dec 2008
103142.638 m2
5534 m2
7542 m2
V. ECONOMICS
(please specify the amounts in local currencies and provide the equivalents in US dollars. Specify the dates and the rates of exchange
in US dollars at the time.)
Amount in
US dollars
Amount in
Local Currency
Exchange Rate
Date
58,170,000,000.00
6,000,000
9695
Sep 30 2009
B. Cost of Land
14,542,500,000.00
1,500,000
9695
Sep 30 2009
Infrastructure
8,420,921,880.00
868,584
9695
Sep 30 2009
2.
Labour
12,788,790,840.00
1,319,112
9695
Sep 30 2009
3.
Materials
6,287,672,860.00
648,548
9695
Sep 30 2009
4.
Landscaping
1,114,925,000.00
115,000
9695
Sep 30 2009
5.
Professional Fees
1,454,250,000.00
150,000
9695
Sep 30 2009
6.
Other
146,132,735.00
15,073
9695
Sep 30 2009
30,212,703,010.00
3,116,318
9695
Sep 30 2009
E. Actual Cost
(per sq. meter)
3,635,625.00
375
9695
Sep 30 2009
2/4
3663.IDA
3/4
3663.IDA
LIST OF WEBSITES
www.ptbambu.com
www.greenschool.org
Please note: The submission of this Record is a prerequisite to candidacy for the Award. All information contained in and submitted
with the Record will be kept strictly confidential until announcement of the Award is made. Subsequently, such material may be made
available by the Aga Khan Award for Architecture and you hereby grant the Aga Khan Award for Architecture a non-exclusive
licence for the duration of the legal term of copyright (and all rights in the nature of copyright) in the Material submitted to reproduce
the Material or licence the reproduction of the same throughout the world.
Date
4/4
Name
Address
Area Designs
45 Cantonment Road
Singapore 089748
+65 - 6735-5995
info@areadesigns.com
PT Bambu
Br. Piakan, Sibang kaja
Abian Semal, Badung
Bali
4616 25th Ave NE #32
Seattle, Wa. 98105 - USA
effan@ptbambu.com
miya@habitecture.com
b_hanno@hotmail.com
Architect
Architect
Effan Adhiwira
Architect
Miya Buxton
Architect
Hanno Burtscher
Architect
Philip Beck
www.beckstudio.net
Engineer
morisco@gadjahmada.edu
Engineer
+ (62) 85729414557
ashar@tsipil.ugm.ac.id
Engineer
+(62) 811254637
inggar_irawati@yahoo.com
Bamboo consultant
Jorg Stamm
Ecobamboo.net
Gerente - Calle 14N 7# 09
Popayan Colombia
Bamboo Consultant
Iskandar Halim
+1 (805) 6406951
rinaldo@shangrilagroup.net
rinaldo@worldbusiness.org
tlfriedman@aol.com
Environment power
Consultant
Rinaldo S. Brutoco
philip@beckstudio.net
Author &
Thomas L Friedman
Environtmental consultant
+1 - 2208620377
Contractor
+(62) - 811389399
Contractor
I Ketut Sudarma
Master craftsman
Sutanaya, I Gede
Master Craftsman
I Made Kura
Master Craftsman
I Wayan Murdita
Br.Juga,Mas Ubud
Gianyar Bali
Master Craftsman
I ketut Sumerta
Master Craftsman
Budiarta, I Made
0828 3674686
Master Craftsman
Dama, I Wayan
Master Craftsman
Agustina
0361 8547990
0852 37252862
NOMINATION FORM
2010 CYCLE
CONFIDENTIAL
I.
IDENTIFICATION
Project Title:
Green School
Ya Ya San Kul Kul Campus in Bali
Street Address:
City:
Country:
B. Client:
Green School
C. Consultant:
D. Please, indicate the specific name and complete address of the person(s) best able to provide
information on the project (e.g., architect, client, consultant or other).
Name:
Marni Dalle
Mailing address:
City:
Country:
E-mail:
Telephone:
marni@ptbambu.com
+62 812 389 5887
Inspire children and dwellers to live sustainably through daily life experience;
Motivate other communities into joining the initiative of fighting climate change and poverty.
To build such a project, three entities were created: the Green School (the architectural project), PT Bambu
and the Merrangi Foundation that work hand in hand.
-
The Green School (built by PT Bambu) is an educational institute that teaches modern curriculum
layered with Green Education. Beside the traditional subjects of maths, sciences and languages,
children learn on the campus, located on 8 hectares of organic farm land, about environmental
practices, 21st century science, renewable energy resources, aquaculture and organic farming.
PT. BAMBU is an architectural firm and construction company that uses bamboo as its primary
building material. Their building process uses sustainable materials therefore avoiding rain forest
timber.
The Merrangi Foundation or the Bamboo Community Project is an initiative to develop plantations
of high quality bamboo timber through a network of local farmers. In just a few years time it will
generate enough bamboo for the growing need of sustainable construction and to supplement
income for the farming community.
Because of the link between these three entities, it is important to present the project as a whole process
where multiple communities are involved in the production and transformation of bamboo into buildings. In
this case, the farmers plant and harvest the bamboo; the local artisans transform it into materials for design
and construction which then supplies the master builders. The project functions very well and could serve
as a model as it has developed sustainable ecological buildings and new markets benefiting the local
communities.
In the following pages the description and inter-relationship of these three entities are presented in more
detail along with the argument defining the great qualities of this architectural project.
Green School
The buildings on the Green School campus are distributed over 8 hectares of land divided by the Ayung
River, whose western bank supports classrooms, libraries, laboratories and a cultural arena, while the
eastern bank serves as the setting for the schools kitchen, faculty housing, and guest villas. The land is
designed throughout the vast campus with shaded walkways, elegantly curving steps traversing the rugged
topography that is blanketed by farming activities such as aquaculture ponds, rice fields and organic
vegetable gardens.
The simple classroom structures are beautiful umbrellas protecting the staff and students learning
environment, which incorporates the hand crafted bamboo desks, chairs and blackboards. These
classrooms, with no walls, are implanted on the rice fields far enough away from each other to keep
distraction to a minimum. The style of the offices, housing and other buildings range from traditional
Balinese forms to organic, elegant shapes all made out of bamboo from the structure, to roof supports, to
flooring, walls and furniture. They have been conceived to also evolve and serve as models for private
housing sector.
All structures are built with sustainable, natural materials such as traditional earth walls, bamboo and alangalang grass, restricting the use of cement to primarily below ground. Up to this date, about 25,000 Petung
(structural bamboo) and 18,000 Tali (roof rafters bamboo) have been used in the Green School buildings.
Of particular note are the construction techniques; placing the bamboo structural posts on river rocks
summiting the foundations (preventing bamboo from water exposure), the traditional fish mouth bamboo
joinery (allowing for the strongest connection between bamboo posts and beams), and the attachment of
the alang-alang grass thatch as a roofing material.
Among the first structures to be completed on the campus was the Kulkul bridge suspended across the
Ayung River, the kitchen and offices for PT Bambu.
The bridge, that elegantly unites the land, was built in September 2007 using manpower accordingly to
traditional building techniques. It is now used daily by students, faculty and the local village population en
route to temple, rice fields, work or school.
The kitchen was built in November 2007 and provides free meals to all workers at PT Bambu and Green
School. The helix design of the structure served as the inspiration for the largest building on Campus: The
Heart of School.
The Heart of School is truly an amazing bamboo structure. Started in October 2008 and completed in May
2009, the building reflects the expertise acquired throughout earlier projects on campus and as such is
worth being mentioned. It is located on the main cross roads of the campus, close to everything and
attracting the passage of many people. On its poles, more than five hundred and twenty names are carved,
representing the donors supporting the Balinese scholarship program.
The design of three interconnected helixes is the result of a multitude of sketches, followed by models at
1:100 scale rebuilt until all the details were understood. Then, the engineers refined the drawings for wind,
rain and earthquake resistance. This complex structure is 60 meters long by 25 meters wide with a center
tower made up of 28 pieces of continuous bamboo which culminant at 18 meters in height. There is a total
of 76 pieces in all 3 towers, all of which were installed without the use of heavy machinery. Therefore, the
Heart of School has a strong presence yet with a human scale as it is still shorter than the coconut trees
beside it.
Its roof thatch counts 20,000 pieces of alang-alang which took 4 months to apply. The floors are planed
planks made from splits of bamboo held together by bamboo pins. In the same manner, most of the
building is pinned with the exception of those structurally critical points where bolts were used to join the
bamboo and these hollows were injected with cement. The building has no walls and at times there is the
need to erect sails to keep out the wind and rain. Finally, each tower counts 3 levels connected by
staircases bringing the 1752 square meters of floor space in at a total cost of US$ 225,000.
The other factors which make the Green School really special are the way land and water usage, as well as
energy consumption are planned. As the land which hosts the school buildings used to be rice fields, every
possible green space remaining on campus is now used to grow organic food. The vegetables serve the
kitchen or are sold at the school fruit and vegetable market.
The campus has its own filtered spring water and waste water is recycled for the gardens.
In term of energy use, the philosophy aims to be as independent as possible from the grid. To that end a
micro-hydro power station has already been implanted at the river bank and the nine-meter vortex
generator will soon power the campus. Other sustainable energy solutions ranging from solar power, biodiesel and predominantly natural air-conditioning will be implanted as the project matures.
TIMETABLE
GREENSCHOOL BUILDINGS
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Building
Completed Date
PT Bambu Wantilan
Office
PT Bambu Kitchen
Director House
Wave House
Lidi House
Teacher House 1A
Teacher House 1B
Teacher House 2A
Teacher House 2B
Teacher House 3A
Teacher House 3B
Teacher House 3C
Drop Off Bale
October 2007
November 2007
December 2007
October 2007
October 2007
May 2008
May 2008
May 2008
June 2008
June 2008
June 2008
June 2008
August 2008
September 2007
October 2007
October 2007
March 2009
November 2007
December 2007
December 2007
January 2008
May 2008
May 2008
July 2008
December 2007
26
27
28
29
30
Kulkul Bridge
Daniel House
John Button House
Ron's Office
Classroom #1
Classroom #2
Classroom #3
Classroom #4
Kindergarten and Pre K
Pre School
Parent Bale Kindergarten
Mepantigan Studio
Mepantigan Changing
Room
Mepantigan Office
GreenSchool Gym
Permaculture House
Heart of School
31
32
33
34
Wantilan Camp
Camp Buildings
Camp Yurts
Kitchen Camp
October 2007
January 2008
December 2007
June 2008
December 2007
December 2007
February 2009
November 2007
May 2008
sun are used as power sources; and the walkable proximity is used as an economy of means. The grey
water recycled from the kitchen or bathroom is used to water the vegetal garden. Fertilizer is produced from
composting natural waste coming from the garden but also from the dry toilets system installed throughout
the property as well as from the farm animals living on the campus.
The gardeners are producing with great care the vegetables for the campus canteen. Their hard work is
recognized with their names presented on every lot cultivated.
Planting bamboo has an environmental side effect and this project raised the awareness of conservation in
Bali. Fast growing bamboo can be an effective erosion control barrier which helps to restore degraded land.
Reforestation with bamboo may be taken into account with carbon trade initiatives as this plant can
sequester carbon up to 12 tons / hectare per year. Finally, the ethical choice of using the uncultivated land
resources of hundreds of farmers for bamboo plantation has the benefit to disperse the density of vegetal
coverage without stripping forest or disturbing far land usage.
Design to elevate spirit with the use of local and natural material
The Green School buildings inspired from traditional Balinese materials and architecture, are fine examples
of master bamboo construction. Spirit is naturally elevated as the discovery of the place goes on: The
design makes a statement in creating spaces which are immediately appreciated for their comfort,
originality, and connection with nature giving a sense of inspiration and admiration. The perception of
buildings established in a natural environment such as the tropical garden, gives an exceptional feeling of
existence.
Then, the children educated in such an environment automatically assimilate notions on ecology,
environment and sustainability since it is also part of their everyday life experience at the school: they plant
and harvest, take care of the farm animals, built their own bamboo projects, learn how to use precious
natural resources such as water and are constantly exposed to recycling and energy safeguards.
The construction of the Green school is inspiring other local designers and master builders. The perception
of bamboo construction is changing as it stands now for quality and durability; this will bring new project
opportunities, more artisans training, and more jobs for the local communities.
Future projects aim to further develop partnerships with the local community by planning the construction of
a medical clinic and a cultural center. Green School is also dedicated to providing a significant amount of
scholarship opportunities for students from the local community so that the school fosters a diverse and
vibrant mix of students from all nationalities.
V. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
I send this document by e-mail with the attachment: AKAA photo album - Green School, Bali.
Green School (www.greenschool.org) and PT Bambu web sites (www.ptbambu.com) give complementary
information.
Name (please print): Gisle TAXIL WARDELL
Date: September 5, 2009
Signature:
Green School
Clients
Commission
2005
Design
2005 - 2007
Construction
2007 - 2007
Occupancy
2007
Site
10,3142 m2
Ground floor
5,534 m2
Total floor
7,542 m2
Costs
3,116,318 USD
Programme
Environmentalists and
designers John and Cynthia
Hardy wanted to motivate
communities to live sustainably
and build with sustainable
materials, namely bamboo.
To this end, they established
the Green School, which
teaches a modern curriculum
combined with learning about
environmental issues. Built
almost entirely of bamboo, the
schools architecture is inspired
by the materials inherent
characteristics, exploiting its
flexibility to create organic,
sculptural shapes. As part of the
project the architects founded
a company that builds with
bamboo, and a foundation that
gives bamboo seedlings to local
rice farmers to supplement their
incomes, thereby involving
farmers and artisans as well as
schoolchildren.
Building Type
2010 Award Cycle
Schools
3663.IDA
0001
02_HOS_02
04_1332-1333
07_MG_1016
08_MG_1340 (2)
09_classroom5
Bridge
classroom_AC bubble
classroom_yurt_1
classroom_yurt_2
Director House
Drop off
facility_sawdust waterheater
Green Warung
Heart Of School
HeartOf School6-
hos_01
hos_02
hos_03
IMG_4690
IMG_6953
Kindergarten
kitchen
kulkul bridge_01
kulkul bridge_02
Mepantigan
Parent Bale
Principal's Office
roof_01
roof_02
S346889
S346890
S346891
S346892
S346893
S346894
S346895
S346896
S346897
S346898
S346899
S346900
S346901
S346902
S346903
S346904
S346905
S346906
S346907
S346908
S346909
S346910
S346911
S346912
S346913
S346914
S346915
S346916
S346917
S346918
S346919
S346920
S346921
S346922
S346923
S346924
S346925
S346926
S346927
S346928
S346929
S346930
S346931
S346932
S346933
S346934
S346935
S346936
S346937
S346938
S346939
S346940
S346941
S346942
S346943
S346944
S346945
S346946
S346947
S346948
S346949
S346950
S346951
S346952
S346953
S355070
S355075
S355083
S355084
S355087
S355105
S355109
S355120
S355121
S355129
S355151
S355144
Document C
3663.IDA
Architect's Record
4 pages
2 panels
6 pages
1 page
PT Bambu brochure
1 CD
1 CD
1 CD
1 CD
Soft copy of Architect's record, Image Identification Form, and Material Identification Form
1 CD
1 CD
2
3
10
Remarks
Description
No.
1 page
12
8 pages
13
15 pages
14
1 folder
15
6 pages
16
17
18
DESCRIPTION
PHOTOGRAPHER
ProjectCode:3663.IDA
DATE
Meranggi_Seedling_1
Bambooseedlingsinthenursery
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep07
Meranggi_Seedling_2
BambooseedlingsatMeranggiFoundation
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep07
Meranggi_Seedling_3
Bambooseedlings
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep07
Meranggi_Farmer_1
Proudfarmerandhisbambooseedlings
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep07
Meranggi_Farmer_2
Farmerplantinghisbambooseedlings
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep07
Meranggi_Farmer_3
Merangginurserygardeners
AgungDwi/PTBAMBU
Sep07
Meranggi_Farmer_4
Plantingbamboo
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep07
Production_1
FinishingachairinPTBAMBUproduction
AgungDwi/PTBAMBU
Oct07
Production_2
FinalcoatonachairinPTBAMBUproduction
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct07
10
Production_3
SandingofbamboofurnitureinPTBAMBU
production
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct07
11
Production_4
SandingachairinPTBAMBUproduction
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct07
ProjectCode:3663.IDA
ProjectTitle:GreenSchool
12
Production_5
MakingabambooplankinPTBAMBUproduction
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct07
13
Production_6
HeattreatmentforwaxfinishontabletopinPT
BAMBUproduction
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct07
14
Production_7
FinishingadesklampinPTBAMBUproduction
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct07
15
PrepareBlock_MS0041
Finaltouchesonabamboosculpture
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct07
16
construction_mepantiganoffice
StructuralworkontheMepantiganoffice
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov07
17
construction_HOS_1
CarpenterinstallybamboofloorplankinHeartof
School
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Mar07
18
construction_roofing_3
Artisansinstallyalangalangthatchroofingin
Classroom#2
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov07
19
construction_wantilan_1
ArtisanjoiningbamboostructureofPTBAMBU
office
AgungDwi/PTBAMBU
Sep07
20
construction_foundationbase
Preparingrocktosupportbambooaboveground
leveloffoundationsforClassroom#2
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep07
21
Construction_fishmouth
FishmouthjoineryfortheKindergartenclassroom
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Feb08
22
construction_roofing_1
InstallingtheskylightsupportonClassroom#2
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Dec07
23
construction_roofing_2
WorkingontheroofraftersofClassroom#2
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov07
ProjectCode:3663.IDA
ProjectTitle:GreenSchool
24
construction_lavastonepathway
Stoneworkfortheroadways
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Dec07
25
Construction_Bridge_1
ConstructionoftheraftersfortheKulKulbridge
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Jun07
26
Construction_Bridge_2
ConstructionoftheKulKulbridge
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Jun07
27
Classroom4_1
Classroom#4andsurroundinglandscape
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Mar08
28
Classroom4_2
Classroom#4andsurroundinglandscape
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Mar08
29
Classrooms1/2_1
Classrooms#1and#2andsurroundinglandscape
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Dec07
30
KulKulBridge_1
TheKulKulBridgeunitingtheeastandwestlands
overtheAyungRiver
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov07
31
KulKulBridge_2
TheKulKulBridgeshotfromtheriverbank
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov07
32
KulKulBridge_3
AerialviewoftheKulKulBridgeandthe
surroundinglandscape
OrlyEven
Oct08
33
HeartofSchool_1
GamesontheplayingfieldinfrontofHeartof
School
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct08
34
PTBkitchen_1
ThePTBambuKitchen,whereallfoodpreparation
takesplaceandworkerlunchesareserved
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov07
35
PTBkitchen_interior_1
InsidethePTBAMBUKitchen
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov07
ProjectCode:3663.IDA
ProjectTitle:GreenSchool
36
PTBkitchen_interior_2
ThemagnificentarchitectureofthePTBAMBU
kitchen
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov07
37
PTBkitchen_interior_3
ThecentercolumnofthePTBAMBUkitchen
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov07
38
MepantiganStudio_1
MepantiganStudioexteriormultifunctional
school/community/performancespace
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct08
39
MepantiganStudio_2
MepantiganStudiointeriormultifunctional
school/community/performancespace
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct08
40
facility_sedimenrockpathway
PathwayleadingtotheKulKulbridge
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep07
41
facility_sawdustwaterheater
Hotwaterheatingforteacherhousingfueledby
bamboosawdust
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep08
42
facility_naturalpool
Naturalspringfedswimmingpond
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep07
43
facility_vegetablegarden
Leaflettucegrowingintheorganicvegetable
gardennearKulKulBridge
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov08
44
facility_foodpreparation_1
SortinggrainsofriceatthePTBAMBUKitchen
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Dec07
45
facility_foodpreparation_2
Cookingriceonstovesfueledbybamboosawdust
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Dec07
46
facility_foodpreparation_3
PreparationsinthePTBAMBUkitchenforworker
lunches
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Dec07
47
facility_watervortex
Thevortexmicrohydropowergenerator
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
May08
ProjectCode:3663.IDA
ProjectTitle:GreenSchool
48
Classroom_drama
DramaclassinHeartofSchool
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep09
49
Classroom_sciencelab
SciencelectureinClassroom#5,grade9
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep09
50
Classroom_shadowpuppet
Traditionalbalineseshadowpuppetperformancein
KindergartenClassroom
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct08
51
Classroom_study_1
StudentsatworkinClassroom#3,grade3/4
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct08
52
Classroom_study_2
LectureinClassroom#2,grade7/8
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Dec08
53
Classroom_study_3
AteacherinspiringhisstudentsinClassroom#3
usingourbambooblackboard,grade3/4
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep08
54
Classroom_study_4
Studentsinenvironmentalstudiesprogramin
classroom#1,grade5/6
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct08
55
Classroom_publiclecture
StudentlectureinMepantiganStudio
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Feb09
56
Classroom_yurt_1
FancooledyurtforClassroom#3,grade3/4
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct08
57
classroom_yurt_2
StudentgamesinClassroom#3yurt,grade3/4
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct08
58
Classroom_ACbubble
LectureinairconditionedbubbleforClassroom#1,
grade5/6
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Feb09
59
Activity_Seminar
StudentassemblyinMepantiganstudio
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Mar09
ProjectCode:3663.IDA
ProjectTitle:GreenSchool
60
Activitiy_Conference
ConferenceinHeartofSchool
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
May08
61
Activity_Ceremony
VisitorReceptionontheKulKulbridge
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Jun08
62
Activity_Planting_1
Studentplantingthevegetablegardenoutside
classroom#4,grade1/2
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Sep08
63
Activity_Field
Studentactivitiesonthesportfield
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct08
64
Activity_Outbond_1
ClimbingactivityatGreenCamp
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Aug09
65
Activity_Lunchbridge
ReceptionontheKulKulbridge
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Oct07
66
Activity_Kidsinriver
Studentsonassignment,grade7/8
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov08
67 Activity_Mepantiganmartialart_1
Mudwrestlingperformancepit
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov08
68 Activity_Mepantiganmartialart_2
TraditionalBalinesemudwrestling
AryaJimbawan/PTBAMBU
Nov08