GRD Journals | Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | International Conference on Innovations in Engineering and Technology

(ICIET) - 2016 | July 2016

e-ISSN: 2455-5703

Dreck Dispatching System Using Internet of

Things (IoT)
1Ms.B.Chandra 2Mrs.C.Manjula

Devi 3J.K Rashmi 4G.M.Sri Vidhya 5N.Srinithikannamma

1,2
Assistant Professor 3UG Scholar
1,2,3,4
Department of Information Technology
1,2,3
K.L.N College of Engineering
Abstract

In day-to-day life, the aspect of cleanliness with respect to the waste management is getting reduced tremendously. As a major
application field of IoT, waste management has become one such issue. The overflow of garbage in the public places creates an
unhygienic condition thereby paves the way for many diseases. To overcome this issue, the dreck dispatching system is designed.
This system presents a smart bin designed with sensor, for measuring the level of the garbage and the information is communicated
to the municipal authority through GSM technology.
Keyword- Arduino, IoT, SIMComm
__________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION
As there is a drastic increase in population and lack of public awareness, crisis of waste management has become a global problem.
To avoid this problem, the solution is presented using Internet of Things (IoT). The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of
physical objects-devices, vehicles, buildings and other items embedded with sensors, electronics, software and network
connectivity that enables objects to collect and exchange data. The IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across
existing network infrastructure, creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical object into computer based
systems and resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit. Thus the dreck dispatching system is designed to
promote solution to the problem mentioned above.

II. MICROCONTROLLER
The microcontroller used in this system is arduino uno. The arduino is a open-source prototyping platform based on easy-to-use
hardware and software. The uno is a high-performance 8-bit AVR RISC-based microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
which combines 32KB ISP flash memory with read-while-write capabilities, 1KB EEPROM, 2KB SRAM, 23 general purpose I/O
lines, 32 general purpose working registers, three flexible timer/counters with compare modes, SPI serial port, 6-channel 10-bit
A/D converter
It has 14 digital input/output pins out of which 6 can be used as PMW outputs, 6 analog inputs, as 16 MHz quartz crystal,
a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. The power supply needed for this microcontroller is 5V.Figure
1 shows the Arduino uno board used for programming which include Microcontroller Atmel328.

Fig. 1: Arduino Uno

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III. ULTRASONIC SENSOR

Ultrasonic ranging module HC - SR04 provides 2cm - 400cm non-contact measurement function, the ranging accuracy can reach
to 3mm. The modules includes ultrasonic transmitters, receiver and control circuit.
The basic principle of work,
(1) Using IO trigger for at least 10us high level signal,
(2) The Module automatically sends eight 40 kHz and detect whether there is a pulse signal back.
(3) IF the signal back, through high level, time of high output IO duration is the time from sending ultrasonic to returning.
Test distance = (high level timevelocity of sound (340M/S) / 2.
Wire connecting direct as following:

5V Supply.

Trigger Pulse Input.

Echo Pulse Output.

0V Ground.

Fig.3: Ultrasonic sensor

To supply a short 10uS pulse to the trigger input to start the ranging, and then the module will send out an 8 cycle burst of
ultrasound at 40 kHz and raise its echo. The Echo is a distance object that is pulse width and the range in proportion. To calculate
the range through the time interval between sending trigger signal and receiving echo signal by the formula, uS / 58 = centimetres
or uS / 148 =inch; or The range = high level time * velocity (340M/S) / 2.

IV. ELECTRICAL PARAMETER

Working Voltage

DC 5 V

Working Current

15mA

Working Frequency

40Hz

Measuring Angle

15 degree

Trigger Input Signal

10uS TTL pulse

Echo Output Signal

Input TTL lever signal and the

range in proportion

Dimension

45*20*15mm

V. GSM SHIELD USING SIMCOMM (SIM900A)

The GSM shield by Arduino is used to send/ receive messages and make/receive calls just like a mobile phone by using a SIM
card by a network provider. We can do this by plugging the GSM shield into the Arduino board and then plugging in a SIM card
from an operator that offers GPRS coverage. The shield employs the use of a radio modem by SIMComm. The communication
with the shield is by using the AT commands. This GSM Modem can work with any GSM network operator SIM card just like a
mobile phone with its own unique phone number. The modem can either be connected to PC serial port directly or to any
microcontroller through Arduino uno. It can be used to send/receive SMS and make/receive voice calls. It can also be used in
GPRS mode to connect to internet and run many applications for data logging and control. In GPRS mode you can also connect to
any remote FTP server and upload files for data logging

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Fig. 3: GSM Module

VI. SIM900A
This is an ultra-compact and reliable wireless module. The SIM900A is a complete Dual-band GSM/GPRS solution in a SMT
module which can be embedded in the customer applications allowing to benefit from small dimensions and cost-effective
solutions. Featuring an industry-standard interface, the SIM900Adelivers GSM/GPRS 900/1800MHz performance for voice, SMS,
Data, and Fax in a small form factor and with low power consumption.
Features:
Dual-Band 900/ 1800 MHz
GPRS multi-slot class 10/8
GPRS mobile station class B
Dimensions: 24*24*3 mm Weight 3.4 kg
Control via AT commands (GSM 07.07, 07.05 and SIMCOM enhanced AT Commands)
SIM application toolkit
Supply voltage range: 3.1- 4.8V
Low power consumption: 1.5mA(sleep mode)
Operation temperature: -40 C to +85C.

VII.

POWER REQUIREMENTS

The board should be powered with an external power supply that can provide current between 700mA and 1000mA. Powering an
Arduino and the GSM shield from a USB connection is not recommended, as USB cannot provide the required current when the
modem is in heavy use. So instead of that use 12V adapter.

VIII. WIRE CONNECTIONS

2nd pin of Arduino is connected to TX pin in GSM module.
3rd Pin of Arduino is connected to RX pin of GSM Module

IX. ARCHITECTURE
The Architecture of dreck dispatching system is shown below in fig.4. The Arduino microcontroller plays the important role in
controlling all the modules. The sensor used in this system is ultrasonic sensor. Ultrasonic sensor is connected to the Arduino by
connecting ground pin, vcc to 5v, echo to 13th pin and trigger to 12th pin of the Arduino through wires. The communication
technology used here is Global System for Mobile communication (GSM). The connections to GSM can be made by connecting
ground pin, rx pin to tx pin of the arduino and vice versa.

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Fig.4: Architecture

X. CONCLUSION
This paper shows the implementation of dreck dispatching system using ultrasonic sensor, Arduino Uno microcontroller and GSM
module. This system assures the cleaning of garbage as soon as when the dustbin level reaches its maximum by notifying the
cleaning instructions to the municipal authority. This reduces the total number of trips of garbage collection vehicle and hence
reduce the overall expenditure associated with the garbage collection. Its ultimate aim is to promote swatch bharath. Therefore,
the dreck dispatching system makes the garbage collection more efficient. In future, the use of solar panels instead of batteries can
reduce the energy consumption and by using Wi-Fi technology the system is made wireless. When we develop this system in large
scale, Robotics can be integrated to automatically collect the garbage using different sensors. GPS will be used to track the location
of the garbage. Thus this system reduces the manual work and also gives the solution to the societal problem.

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