HI THO NG DNG GIS TON QUC 2011

NG DNG GIS QUN L CP NC KHU VC NI

THNH PH CN TH
1

Nguyn Hiu Trung1, Trnh Cng on2

Khoa Mi Trng v Ti Nguyn Thin Nhin i Hc Cn Th
2
Cng ty Trch nhim Hu hn Cp thot nc Cn Th

Abstract: Maps of the water supply network are key documents in water supply management.
However, in recent times, these maps were developed and managed by manual methods
results many difficulties in the management, operation, maintenance, and planning of the
water supply systems. Thus, the application of GIS for water supply management is essential.
The application of GIS in the management of water supply has actually been implemented in
many countries around the world but in a few provinces in Vietnam. Based on system analysis
methods combined with ground survey, this study has developed a geographic information
system for the management of water supply. The system has the following functions:(i)
Updating of the water supply spatial and thematic information; (ii) Developing a databases on
water supply networks;(iii) Generating a data queries interface for water supply management;
(iv)Creating thematic maps of the water supply network, current and planned plants water
supply areas.
Keywords: GIS, water supply network, Can Tho city.

1. TNG QUAN
1.1. t vn
Ngy nay, cng ngh thng tin ang pht trin mnh m v thm nhp su vo hu ht
cc ngnh khoa hc, cc hot ng thc tin v qun l, c bit l s ra i v pht trin ca
GIS. y l mt ngnh cng ngh mi, hin i c ng dng trong nhiu ngnh, nhiu lnh
vc khp ni trn th gii nhm hin i ho cng tc qun l, x l, phn tch, quy hoch
v tng cng nng lc cng tc cho ngi qun l cho php chng ta lu tr, th hin v
thc hin hng lot cc php phn tch phc tp mt cch nhanh chng, chnh xc.
Cc cng ty cp thot nc c mt lng ln ti sn lun cn phi theo di v qun l,
bo dng v vn hnh lin tc. Trong cng tc ny th bn hin trng mng li cp nc
l ti liu chuyn ngnh rt quan trng v cn thit. Trong thi gian va qua, h thng bn
mng li cp nc c xy dng ch yu bng phng php th cng trn giy hoc theo
ghi chp ca tng ngi do gp rt nhiu kh khn trong cng tc qun l cng nh vn
hnh bo dng thng xuyn. Mc khc, trong cng tc qun l cp nc, cc thng tin
thng phi c cp nht thng xuyn v vi khi lng ln. Hn na, vic tng hp s
liu theo di, qun l thng mt thi gian do phi tng hp t nhiu ngun. c bit,
yu t khng gian ca s liu rt quan trng v a s y l cc cng trnh ngm v c lch s
s dng trn chc nm, hn th na n cn cha nhiu thng tin. GIS, vi kh nng mnh
v phn tch, qun l d liu khng gian, rt ph hp trong cng tc ny. Do vic ng
dng GIS qun l cp nc l ht sc cn thit.
1.2. Mc tiu tng qut
Xy dng mt h thng thng tin a l phc v cng tc qun l cp nc.
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1.3. Mc tiu c th

Cp nht hin trng h thng mng li cp thot nc. Trong c lu tr cc d

liu thuc tnh v ng ng cp nc, nh my nc, chi nhnh cp nc, cc thit
b lin quan n mng li cp nc, cng thot nc, ca x, h ga, cc thit b lin
quan n h thng thot nc.

Hin th bn mng li cp thot.

To cc bn chuyn v kt qu thng k v mng li cp thot nc v c th

tng hp thng tin mt cch nhanh chng, chnh xc, kp thi.

Qun l h s d liu lin quan n h thng cp thot nc, cho php lu tr, cp
nht v tm kim, truy xut s liu mt cch d dng.

Gip cho cng tc bo co, qun l, vn hnh bo dng, thit k quy hoch cp nc
mt cch tin li v nhanh chng.

1.4. Ni dung thc hin

Thu thp bn hnh chnh, bn a chnh (bn tha) ca Thnh ph Cn Th

nhm to bn nn.

Thu thp cc s liu v h thng cp thot nc.

Thit k s tng quan, chi tit cho h thng qun l mng li cp thot nc.

Thit k cu trc d liu cho cc lp bn .

Nhp s liu v hin trng h thng cp thot nc. Khi cn thit phi v thm i
tng cho bn nn v kim tra li bng my GPS

Thit k v thit lp cc cng c truy xut cc d liu, thng tin lin quan n h
thng.

2. PHNG TIN V PHNG PHP NGHIN CU

2.1. Phng tin nghin cu

My nh ghi li hnh nh dng a vo thng tin thuc tnh ca h thng

My vi tnh

Ngun s liu v bn hin trang Thnh ph Cn Th

Ngun s liu v hin trng mng li cp thot nc, nh my nc, chi nhnh cp
nc, nh my x l nc thi, khch hng s dng nc

Phn mm MapInfo,

2.2. Phng php nghin cu

S dng phng php phn tch h thng nhm lp s h thng th hin cc tin
trnh, c s d liu v dng d liu cho h thng

Thit k c s d liu cho h thng. S dng phng php xy dng h thng c s

d liu lin kt nhm xy dng c s d liu cho h thng

Thu thp bn hnh chnh ca Thnh ph Cn Th, chuyn bn a chnh (bn

tha) t nh dng d liu AutoCad sang nh dng d liu Mapinfo to bn nn.

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Thu thp v nhp cc s liu v h thng cp nc vo h thng qun l:

o iu tra, phng vn, t chc tho lun nhm cc cn b qun l ca tng chi
nhnh cp nc, x nghip thot nc v ca Cng ty v cng tc qun l cp
thot nc.
o Thu thp cc bn v hin trng h thng cp thot nc thng qua
cc h s quyt ton cng trnh. C th nh h thng ng ng, h thng van,
h thng tr cu ha, ca x,
o Thu thp thng tin trc tip ngoi hin trng, chp nh t liu v tr cc van,
cc nh my nc, ca x,
o Thu thp s liu v cc ch tiu cht lng nc th, nc pht ra mng, cng
sut thit k ca cc nh my nc.
o iu tra thu thp s liu ca hn 18.300 h khch hng s dng nc: v tr
nh trn bn , thng tin c nhn, thng tin v ng h nc, hp ng s
dng nc, gi nc
o iu tra h thng thot nc ca cc hm nh chng loi v hng thot
o o c p lc nc, lng Cl2 d, c ti nh h s dng nc.

Thit k cc cng c lm vic cn thit cho h thng. Truy xut cc d liu, thng tin
lin quan n h thng.

3. KT QU V THO LUN
3.1. Xy dng c s d liu
ti xy dng c mt h thng thng tin a l phc v cng tc qun l cp
thot nc khu vc ni Thnh ph Cn Th. Cp nht, s ha v xy dng c s d liu
hin trng h thng mng li cp thot nc, trong c lu tr cc d liu thuc tnh.
H thng thng tin a l phc v cho cng tc qun l cp nc gm: ng ng cp
nc, van, tr cu ha, nh my nc hin ti, nh my nc quy hoch, 13 lp cht lng
nc sch, 14 lp cht lng nc th, vng cp nc ca nh my nc, trm cp nc
nng thn, chi nhnh cp nc, ng h nc ca khch hng, p lc nc ngoi mng li,
nng Cl2 d v c trong nc sch ngoi mng li, x phng, ng l. Ngoi ra
cn c 11 lp thng tin lin quan n chi nhnh cp nc: tng s khch hng, tng s ng
b, s ng b (nh hn 60 mm, 60 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm), sn lng nc
(pht ra, chun thu, tht thot), t l nc tht thot.
H thng thng tin a l phc v cho cng tc qun l thot nc gm cc c s d
liu nh: h thng cng thot nc, h ga, ca x thot nc, h thng cng bao thot nc,
h thng trm bm nc thi, nh my x l nc thi hin ti v quy hoch, h thng thot
nc ca cc hm, ng ngp do ma.
Hn th na, bn hnh chnh Thnh ph Cn Th, bn a chnh khu vc ni
Thnh ph Cn Th cng c xy dng.
Hin trng ng ng cp nc cc thit b lin quan th hin c th hnh 1. Hn th
na, cc kt qu cp nht v tm kim c trong Mapinfo chng ta c th d dng chuyn
sang Google Earth m vn gi nguyn c thng tin thuc tnh ca chng (mi mu th hin
mt ng knh ca ng cp nc), c th hnh 2.
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Hnh 1. Mng li ng ng cp nc v cc thit b

Hnh 2. Kt qu c chuyn sang Google Earth

Mt ng dng thit thc khc ca h thng l c th dng chc nng Hotlink cp
nht hnh nh v tr cc thit b d cho cng tc qun l, khi cn tm v tr chnh xc th da
vo hnh nh c th tm li mt cch d dng, tit kim c thi gian v nhn lc. C th
hnh nh cp nht v tr van hnh 3, khi v tr van ny b lp i do nng cp l hay b ln
chim l gii th da vo hnh nh ta c th tm li c d dng.

Hnh 3. Hnh nh v tr van khng ch ng cp nc

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Cc lp thng tin lin quan n chi nhnh cp nc v nh my nc cng c nhng

chc nng tng t nh trn. Hnh 4 th hin ba lp cng thot nc, h ga, ca x thot
nc c cp nht trong h thng. Hng mi tn l hng chy ca cc cng thot nc,
tng mu khc nhau th hin ng knh cng khc nhau Nhng hnh vung l nhng h ga
v hnh trn l cc ca x thot nc.

Hnh 4. Cng thot nc, h ga v ca x

3.2. Cc cng c lm vic ca h thng
Phn mm Mapinfo tuy rt tin dng v ph bin nhng trong cc cng ty cp nc c
rt t ngi bit s dng phn mm ny. thun tin cho vic tm kim thng tin, ngi vit
dng phn mn Mapbasic thit k cc cng c tm kim thng tin bng ting Vit c du.
B cng c tm kim gm 3 phn chnh, hnh 5:

Hnh 5. Giao din lm vic ca h thng tm kim thng tin

Mng li cp nc v nh my nc, trong phn ny s gip chng ta tm kim v truy
xut thng tin c lin quan n: h thng mng li ng ng cp nc; h thng van
v tr cu ha; thng tin nh my nc, cht lng nc pht ra cng nh cht lng
nc u vo x l thnh nc cp
Trm cp nc nng thn v h thng thot nc gip chng ta tm kim cc thng tin
c lin quan n: trm cp nc nng thn, h thng cng thot nc, cng bao thot
nc, ca x thot nc.
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Khch hng s dng nc v chi nhnh cp nc s cho chng ta bit cc thng tin lin
quan n chi nhnh cp nc, lng khch hng, thng tin khch hng s dng.
Mt th d c th: cc cng ty cp nc qun l khch hng thng qua s danh b (mi
khch hng c mt danh b), khi cn truy xut thng tin v khch hng , ngi qun l ch
cn nhp danh b, h thng s t ng truy xut thng tin ca khch hng v tm v tr nh
ca khch hng trn bn Mapinfo v Google Earth (hnh 6). Rt l nhanh chng v tin li.

Hnh 6. Tm kim nh khch hng s dng nc

3.3. Bn chuyn
Bn cht lng nc
T cc v tr o c ca mng li, da vo Mapinfo ta v c bn chuyn
c nc ca mng. T ta c th nh gi c cht lng nc ti nhng v tr khng
quan trc.

Hnh 7. Bn c ca mng li
Bn p lc nc
Tng t nh c, ta d dng v c bn p lc nc. Qua bn ta bit c
cc khu vc c p lc nc yu t a ra cc bin php x l ci thin p lc nc cho
ngi s dng.

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Hnh 8. Bn p lc nc ngoi mng li

4. KT LUN V KIN NGH
4.1. Kt lun
Vic ng dng GIS gp phn tin hc ha trong cng tc qun l cc cng trnh h
tng k thut ni chung v cp thot nc ni ring. V mc l thuyt, nghin cu bc u
tip cn cng ngh GIS v xy dng mt h thng thng tin phc v cho cng tc qun l
mng li cp thot nc. V mt thc tin, ti khng nh c kh nng ng dng
GIS trong cng tc qun l mng li cp thot nc l hiu qu v cn thit.
ti xy dng c mt h thng thng tin a l phc v cng tc qun l cp
thot nc khu vc ni Thnh ph Cn Th, cp nht, s ha v xy dng c s d liu
hin trng h thng mng li cp nc. Song song vi cng tc xy dng h thng c s d
liu, ti thit k cc cng c tm kim v truy xut thng tin mng li cp thot nc
bng Ting Vit c du rt tin t v ng dng thc t cao cho ngi s dng. Bn cnh cc
cng c tm kim v truy xut thng tin bng Ting Vit, ti cn thc hin c cc cng
c khc: hin th bn mng li cp thot nc, to cc bn chuyn v mng li
ng ng cp thot nc v cc thit b c lin quan.
4.2. Kin ngh
Mapbasic l phn mm lp trnh tng i d nhng giao din th kh n gin v cn
hn ch trong vic s dng Ting Vit c du (ch dung c bng m TCVN3 (ABC)
vi phn mm h tr l Vietkey 2000) nn cha c tnh thu ht cao i vi ngi s
dng do cn lp trnh bng nhng phn mm khc c tnh nng tt hn.
ti khng nhng p dng c hiu qu thc tin cao cho CT TNHH Cp thot nc
Cn Th m cn c th p dng cho cc cng ty cp nc khc.
Mt d ti to ra rt nhiu cng c truy xut v tm kim thng tin bng Ting
Vit mt cch c hiu qu gip ch rt nhiu cho cng tc qun l mng li cp nc
nhng vn cn c rt nhiu tim nng pht trin ty thuc vo nhu cu thc t v mong
mun ca ngi qun l.
Hin ti ti ch s dng cho tng my tnh ca ngi s dng. Trong tng lai c th
nghin cu ng dng ni mng internet tin chia s d liu cng nh tin li cho
cng tc qun l ca cc n v trc thuc cng ty cp nc li vi nhau.
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ti ch tp chung vo qun l mng li cp thot nc. Trong xu th pht trin

chung, cn nghin cu a thm cc cng trnh h tng k thut vo h thng.
Ti liu tham kho
Bi Hu Mnh, 2006, Hng dn s dng Mapinfo professtional 7.0. NXB Khoa hc K Thut, H
Ni, 405tr(21-305).
ng vn c, 2001, H thng thng tin a l. NXB khoa hc K Thut, H Ni, 241tr( 20- 37).
Mapinfo Corporation, 2002, Mapbasic Development Enviromnent Reference Guide Version 7.0.
Mapinfo Corporation, 2002, Mapbasic Development Enviromnent Users Guide Version 7.0, New
York, 335pp (87-181).
Nguyn B Qung, 2006, Nhng kin thc c bn v GIS v ng dng GIS trong Quy hoch xy dng
th. NXB Xy dng, H Ni, 152tr(5-32).
Nguyn Kim Li v V Minh Tun, 2008, Thc hnh h thng thng tin a l, NXB Nng nghip,
TP. H Ch Minh. 299tr (11-188)
Nguyn Vn Tn, 2002. Bi ging Trc a I & II. Trng i Hc Nng Lm TP. H Ch Minh.
Phm Trng Mnh, 1999, C s h thng tin a l GIS trong Quy hoch v qun l th. Nxb xy
dng, H Ni.
Vin Khoa Hc V Cng Ngh a Chnh, 1998, Nghin cu xy dng bn c s cho h thng GIS
ca ngnh.

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