Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Li Hongquan1 OU Jinping2
(1.College of Architectural and Civil Engineering , Beijing Polytechnic University, Beijing
2.College of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090)
100022;
Abstract
In this paper, effectiveness and feasibility of
the structures.
1995).
age tests on the shaking table are carried out for three
tion.
identification,
show that the retrofit scheme is feasible and the retrofitted frames possess roughly as same earth-
1. Introduction
of R.C. frames
2.1 Test models
damage tests.
The character-
Parameter
xy(cm)
Fy(kN)
Xu(cm)
Fu(kN)
Xp(cm)
Fp(kN)
Frame 1
0.80
11.97
1.48
12.60
2.81
10.71
Frame 2,3
0.60
5.63
2.30
6.10
4.20
5.20
Note: Frame 1 is one story frame, Frame 2.3 are two and three story frames, respectively.
Be-
Table 2 Mass and stiffness of each story for three ILC, frame models
Story
Frame 1
Frame 2
Frame 1
Mass(kgs2 /cm)
8.00
Stiffness(kN/cm)
29.92
Mass(kgs2 /cm)
2.00
2.00
Stiffness(kN/cm)
18.76
18.76
Mass(kgs2 /cm)
2.00
2.00
2.00
Stiffness(kN/cm)
18.73
18.73
18.73
Frame 1
2.89
Frame 2
1.12
0.56
Frame 3
1.26
0.56
0.59
Undamaged
Frequency order
Frame 1
3.70
Frame 2
3.01
7.89
Frame 3
2.17
8.08
(cm)
(Hz)
Damaged
3
2.60
8.79
2.60
7.30
1.80
5.58
8.60
Figure 3 Relative story seismic hysteretic loops of two and three story frame models
The earthquake-simulated damage test results
ij = {0.678,1.000}T
In this
k di =
l =1
2
di
ml lj
ij i 1, j
(I=1,2,,n, oj = 0 ) (1)
Table 4
Structural state
Undamaged
Frequency order
Frame 1
29.92
Frame 2
18.76
18.76
Frame 3
18.76
18.76
Damaged
14.82
18.76
14.48
18.60
11.03
18.65
Di (k d ) = 1
quake dropped about one third of the original stiffness.3.2 Damage assessment
k di
k 0i
(i=1,2,n,)
(2)
D(k d ) = i Di
i =1
i = (n + 1 i ) Di / (n + 1 i) Di (3)
seismic deformation Xm and hysteretic energy dissipated Eh(T) (Park and Aug, 1985), in which both
i =1
18.58
damaged story.
It can be
Besides, for
Table 5
Story
Frame 1
0.519(0.550)
Frame 2
0.228(0.230)
0.000(0.000)
Frame 3
0.412(0.440)
0.000(0.010)
Structure
0.519(0.550)
0.228(0.230)
0.000(0.000)
Note: The terms in bracket are the result from Park and Ang's model.
0.412(0.430)
stories
3
2
x ri = 0.024 x mi
+ 0.017 x mi
+ 0.47 x mi 0.03
columns(Li, 1996).
Fdi ( X mi ) = k 0i (1 Di )( X mi x ri )
(4)
Parameter
xdy(cm)
Fdy(kN)
xdy(cm)
Fdu(kN)
xdp(cm)
Fdp(kN)
Frame 1
1.20
8.97
1.48
9.60
2.81
8.16
0.80
4.72
2.30
5.13
4.20
4.20
0.80
5.10
2.30
5.50
4.20
4.60
Earthquake-Simulated Tests
of the damaged R.C. frames with two and three stories, respectively.
the first stories in the two and three story frames need
need to be retrofitted.
in the region.
written as
Figure 5
Fdy+Fhy=Fry
k0d+koh=k0r
(6)
k 0h =
shown in Fig. 5.
The triangular steel plate (Tsai, 1993), one of
hysteretic type PEEDs, as shown in Fig. 6, are used
in the retrofit of damaged frames.
The yielding
Fhy =
n y bt
Fhy =
6h
x hy =
yh2
Et
n y bt
Fhy
x hy
nEbt 3
=
6h 3
4h
(7)
(8)
n = (k 0 r k 0 d )
6h 3
Ebt 3
(9)
Frame 2
PEED model(mm)
hbt
70703
Frame 3
70703
Retrofitted frame
Primary stiffness
k0h(kN/cm)
3.86
Yielding force
Fhy(kN)
0.72
7.71
1.40
Plate number
frames
listed in Table 9.
capacity.
Frame 2
Primary stiffness of
first Story (kN/cm)
18.30
Frequency of first
mode
2.98(3.01)
Frame 3
18.74(18.76)
11.03(11.26)
2.01(2.17)
Retrofitted frame
Figure 7 (a)
The tested curves of seismic displacement time history of the retrofitted two story frame
Figure 7 (b)
The tested curves of seismic displacement time history of the retrofitted three story frame
Original
1
Frame 2
1.12
0.58
Frame 3
1.13
0.59
Retrofitted
3
0.59
0.79
0.56
0.98
0.59
5. Conclusions
The main conclusions may be drawn out in the
paper:
1) A moderately damaged R.C. frames during
Un-retrofitted
3
0.54
1.85
0.56
2.32
0.70
0.32
earthquake can be determined by means of the identification method, and the damage index can be expressed by the identified parameters, which are the
basis for the design of PEDDs.
original frames.
selected easily.
References
[1] On, J. p. and Wu, B. (1993), Experimental Study
chitecture, 1996.
forced Concrete Frames, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Vol. 16, No. 2.
(in Chinese)
[4] Ou, J. P., Wu, B. and Soong, T. T. (1996), Resent
Advances in Research and Applications of Passive Energy Dissipation Systems, Earthquake
Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Vol. 16,
No. 3.