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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0

PURPOSE AND SCOPE

2.0

DC POWER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

3.0

ENVIRONMENTAL

4.0

COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATION DC POWER SYSTEM


4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9

48V Battery Bank with Rack or Cabinet


Battery Chargers
Tie Box or Interconnection Box
DC Distribution, Metering and low voltage Disconnect Unit
AC Distribution Panel
Battery Disconnect Switch
Static Inverter with Static Transfer Switch
System Interconnection wiring/cabling
Communication System Grounding

FIGURE 1:

Scheme CX1
Telecom DC Power Supply System Interconnection Diagram for Office Building
with SCR OR Ferro-resonant or Saturable Reactor Charger.

FIGURE 2:

Scheme CX2
Telecom DC Power Supply System Interconnection Diagram for Office Buildings
with Modular Type Switched Mode Chargers

FIGURE 3:

Scheme CX3
Telecom DC Power Supply System Interconnection Diagram for Power Plants and
Substations with SCR OR Ferro-resonant or Saturable Reactor Charger.

FIGURE 4:

Tie Box or Interconnection box for Telecom DC Power Supply System

FIGURE 5:

DC Distribution Metering & Low voltage Disconnect Panel

TESP10306R0/AMM

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

PAGE NO. 2 OF 18

TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

1.0

2.0

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

PURPOSE AND SCOPE


1.1

This Standard covers the design requirements for (-) 48V DC (Positive Ground),
Telecommunication grade, DC Power System supporting Fiber Optics equipment,
PABX and radio equipment in the SEC Office Building, Power Plants and
Substation. The DC Power System output voltage range shall be from -42V to -56V
DC unless otherwise specified.

1.2

This standard does not cover the following:


1.2.1

Substation DC power systems

1.2.2

Communication power systems that are driven from propane fueled thermal
electric generators (TEG)

1.2.3

Communication power systems powered by solar modular photovoltaic


power supplies.

DC POWER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

2.1

2.2

The DC Power System shall generally comprise the following equipment:

48V Battery bank with rack or cabinet.

Communication grade rectifier chargers.

Tie Box or Interconnection Box.

DC Distribution, Metering and low Volts Disconnect Unit

AC Distribution Panel

Load Break Battery Disconnect Switch

Step down transformer required if 127V single phase supply is not available
in AC panel board.

Communication grade Static Inverter and Static Transfer Switch (This is


optional equipment. It is required when the Telecommunications load
includes PABX associated Computers, Monitors and Modems)

System Interconnection Wiring/Cabling

System Grounding

DC power system in office buildings shall consist of either three Silicon Controlled
Rectifier (SCR) type, or Three Ferro-resonant (FR) type chargers or Three

TESP10306R0/AMM

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

Saturable Reactor (SR) type chargers each rated for 50% capacity of the DC system
load (on load sharing basis) and the rest of the components/Systems listed in clause
2.1 (Refer Scheme CXI, Figure 1). Alternatively the system shall consist of 'N+l'
equally sized modular type Switched mode chargers ('N' of which are adequate to
carry totally the DC system load) and the rest of the components/Systems listed in
paragraph 2.1, except the tie box (Refer Scheme CX2, Figure 2). Switched mode
type chargers and hence scheme CX2 shall be preferred to all extent possible.
2.3

DC power system in power plants or substations shall consist of two SCR, or two
ferro-resonant or two Saturable Reactor (SR) type chargers each rated for 100%
capacity of the DC system load and the rest of the components/systems listed in
Clause 2.1 (Refer Scheme CX3, Figure 3). The inverter and static transfer switch
however is required only when the Telecommunication load includes PABX
associated Computers, Monitors and Modems.

2.4

For schemes CXI & CX3, the battery chargers shall be floor or wall mounted as
specified in data schedule for the battery charger. The fused battery disconnect and
the AC panel board shall be wall mounted.
For scheme CX2 all components except the AC panel board, the fused battery
disconnect and battery bank shall be mounted on a 483 mm or 584 mm relay rack.

3.0

ENVIRONMENTAL
All AC and DC power equipment listed in clause 2.1 shall be installed indoor in airconditioned rooms. Room temperature and other conditions to be considered for the
communication power system design shall be as stated in 01-TMSS-01.

4.0

COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATION DC POWER SYSTEM


4.1

48V Battery Bank with Rack or Cabinet


4.1.1 The type of batteries, whether vented type lead acid or VRLA type sealed or
nickel cadmium type shall be based on criterion given in TES-P-103.02. The
batteries shall meet the requirements of 46-TMSS-01 for vented type lead
acid batteries or 46-TMSS-04 for VRLA batteries or 46-TMSS-06 for Nickel
Cadmium batteries as applicable.
4.1.2

Cell selection criteria shall be based on TES-P-103.02, 46-TMSS-01 and 46TMSS-06 as applicable.

4.1.3

The layout of battery room and racks shall be based on the criteria given in
TES- P-103.04.

4.1.4

The sizing of the communication battery shall be based on the following


Guidelines:

TESP10306R0/AMM

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TESP10306R0/AMM

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

a.

Based on the voltage window of -42 to -56 V as specified in Clause


1.1 and lead acid battery with float charging voltage of 2.2 V per cell ,
SEC has standardized 24 battery cells connected in series for 48V
nominal DC system.

b.

The number of cells for nickel cadmium battery shall be calculated


on case to case basis of nominal and permissible minimum and
maximum DC system voltages and in the light of self discharge and
charging time as limiting factor, which may result in using larger cell
that would otherwise have been necessary (Refer IEEE 1115). Based
on the minimum DC system voltage of -42V and minimum end
voltage 1.1 V of the cell, SEC has standardized 39 cells for 48 V
nominal DC system voltage. Dropping diodes may be used in the
circuit to avoid over voltage beyond permissible limits as indicated in
46-TMSS-05.

c.

For DC system voltage other than 48V, the no. of cells shall be
calculated per IEEE 1115 for Nickel-Cadmium batteries and per IEEE
485 for lead acid batteries.

d.

Each cell of the battery bank shall be designed for 100% AH ratings.
Parallel connection of cells to achieve the desired AH rating is not
acceptable.

e.

The final end of the discharge voltage shall be 1.75 volts per cell for
lead acid cells and 1.1 V per cell for Ni-Cad cells irrespective of the
battery application, whether it is for central office or buildings or
power plants and substations. However manufacturers recommended
value of minimum end of discharge voltage shall be cross checked
and the values specified shall not be lower than those recommended
by the manufacturer.

f.

The battery shall be designed to feed the communication DC system


load for a back-up time duration of 8 hours for central office/office
building and 12 hours for power plants or substations.

g.

The duty cycle of communication batteries is continuous unlike


substation batteries with multi-stepped duty cycle. The sizes of the
battery bank need to be reconfirmed for individual project based on
actual duty cycle and load requirements on the guidelines specified in
TES-P-103.02.

h.

The battery shall be designed to cater to the maximum


telecommunication load. Only for Telecommunication Power System
represented by Figure 2 (Scheme CX2), this should include provision
for future expansion of the Telecommunication system. Unless
otherwise specified, future addition of load may be assumed as 50%
of the present load for this purpose.

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

i.

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

The following formula shall be used for determining the battery


capacity:
AH = L H K d K TI K A
Where:

4.2

AH

Required ampere-hour capacity


(C8 when 'H' is 8 hours and
C12 when 'H' is 12 hours)

Maximum continuous Telecommunication


System DC load in amperes (Equal to DC
watts/ 48V x efficiency)
Efficiency value to be assumed as 0.9.

Back up time duration in hours

Kd

Design margin factor which shall be taken as


1.1.

KTI

Temperature Correction Factor. Though for airconditioned room with temperature maintained
at 25 C, this factor would have been 1, a
temperature correction factor of 1.19 based on
inside room temperature of 10 C consequent to
AC power failure in winter season shall be
used. Temperature correction factor for Nickel
Cadmium cells shall be as per TES-P-103.02.

KA

Ageing factor of 1.25. This Factor shall not


apply to battery banks of plante type plates of
pure lead as it is expected that no ageing takes
in place in plante design.

Battery chargers
4.2.1

4.2.2
TESP10306R0/AMM

Unless otherwise specified, as a general accepted SEC viewpoint, the type of


chargers to be selected shall be as follows:
a.

For power plants and substations, the type of chargers shall be


silicone controlled rectifier (SCR) type or ferro-resonant (FR) type or
Saturable Reactor (SR) type as specified in the project document.

b.

For central offices and office buildings switched mode type of


chargers shall be preferred to SCR, FR or SR type chargers unless
there are there other compelling reasons.

The chargers shall meet the requirements of 46-TMSS-05. All alarm contacts
provided for remote annunciation shall be wired to the Main Distribution
Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

Frame (MDF) for connection to the surveillance system in the SEC Control
Center.
4.2.3

The sizing of the battery chargers shall be based on the following guidelines:
a.

b.

The charger output DC voltage range shall be selected considering the


following:

Float charge voltage of the battery bank

Equalize/boost charge voltage of the battery bank

Commissioning charge voltage of the battery bank during initial


first charge of the battery bank. (Load shall not be connected to
the DC system during this operation).

The DC load voltage shall not operate outside the limits of 42-56
volts during float/equalize or boost charging operations.

The charger output DC current rating shall be selected using the


following formula:

BIF AHR
CF
A R = SF L +
RT

Where:

TESP10306R0/AMM

AR

Output ampere rating of the charger

SF

Service factor of 1.1

Total continuous DC load in amps of the


communication system

BIF

Battery Inefficiency Factor shall be as


recommended by the manufacturer or 1.1
whichever is more.

AHR =

Battery ampere-hour based on 8 H or 12 H


rating as applicable.

RT

Battery recharge time in hours to recharge the


battery from fully discharged condition to 90%
of its rated ampere hour capacity. For
substations and power plants this shall be taken
as 8 hours and recharging time to 100%
capacity shall not exceed 16 hours. For office

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

buildings this shall be taken as 16 hours and the


battery shall be 100% recharged in 24 hours.
CF

Configuration or capacity factor which is a


function of charger configuration or percentage
charger capacity (Refer to clause 2). The value
of this factor shall be as follows:
0.5

1.0

1
N

For 3 Nos. or 2 Nos 50% capacity


chargers in parallel (Refer to clause
2.2).
For 2 Nos. 100% capacity chargers in
parallel (Refer to Clause 2.3).

For N+1 chargers of 100/N% capacity


in parallel (Refer to clause 2.2).

c.

4.3

Adequate space and wirings shall be provided in the 483 mm or 584


mm rack for DC system represented by Figure 2 (Scheme CX2) to
cater for future expansion in Telecommunication load up to 50%. The
number of additional chargers required for this future expansion shall
be worked out to maintain the same idea that N chargers will be
adequate to meet the ultimate load.

Tie Box or Interconnection Box


The Tie Box shall be as per Figure- 4 and shall consist of Positive and Negative Bus
bars with terminals for the termination of the Battery Charger Leads, the Battery
Leads and input leads of the DC Distribution, Metering and Low Volts Disconnect
Panel. The Tie Box shall be rated for 65 V DC and the bus bars shall be designed for
3 seconds withstand of battery short circuit current plus the available short circuit
current from all the chargers connected. Provision for Connecting three minimum
DC Distribution Metering and Low Volts Disconnect Panels shall be made. A shunt,
compatible with the battery ammeter located on the DC distribution, Metering and
Low Voltage Disconnect shall be provided. The shunt leads to the ammeter shall be
terminated on a terminal block. The Tie Box shall be wall mounted and be fabricated
with a welded sheet steel material. The degree of Protection shall be IP21 per IEC
60529.

4.4

DC Distribution, Metering and Low Voltage Disconnect Unit


4.4.1 The unit shall be rated for 65V DC operation and shall be designed for 3
seconds withstand of battery short circuit current plus the available short
circuit current from all the chargers connected. The unit shall be wall
mounted for schemes CX1 and CX3 and panel mounted for scheme CX2.
Wall mounted units shall be fabricated with a welded sheet steel material
with degree of protection IP21 per IEC 60529. The unit shall comprise of:

TESP10306R0/AMM

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

a.

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

Wall mounted units (Scheme CX1 & CX3), positive and negative
busbars for termination of the Input Positive and Negative wires from
the Tie Box. The Positive Bus Bar shall be provided with terminals
for Branch Load Circuits. Alternatively a separate Positive busbar
with terminals shall be provided for the Branch Load Circuits.
The first set of bus bars shall be rated for the total current output of 2
Nos. 50% chargers or 1 No. 100% charger depending upon the
configuration adopted plus 25%. The positive load bus bar if provided
shall be rated for maximum communication DC system load current
plus 25%.
For panel mounted units (Scheme CX2) Positive and Negative Bus
bars shall be manufacturers standard design. One positive bus bar
with terminals for each breaker position shall be provided for each
panel.

b.

Outgoing circuits shall be protected with single pole or double pole


circuit breakers. The number of outgoing circuits shall be based on
the number of actual circuits required for the project plus 20% spare
for Scheme CX1 and CX3. For Scheme CX2, initially a total of 20%
spare shall be provided. Provision shall be made for installing 30%
additional breakers to cater to future expansion in the
telecommunications load.

c.

One DC load voltmeter 0-75V range (2% accuracy analog of 89 mm


or digital of 3 digits).

d.

One DC load ammeter with associated shunt (range of ammeter shall


be based on maximum communication system DC load plus 50 %
extra with due considerations given to any high inrush current load.
The meter shall be of 2% accuracy analog of 89 mm or digital of 3
digits).

e.

Low Voltage Disconnect (LVD) feature to disconnect the load at


adjustable voltage setting of (-) 42 to (-) 48 VDC (to be set at (-) 42V
(unless otherwise specified) during the battery discharge. The LVD
shall reset on return of healthy voltage on its terminals and reconnect
the load back to the DC system at (-) 51V. The LVD shall be rated to
a current same as the positive load bus bar rating.

4.4.2 Each of the circuit breakers referred in paragraph 4.4.1 above shall have
identification label and shall:

TESP10306R0/AMM

a.

Be of DC interrupting rating same as or better than the short circuit


current value specified for the panel in paragraph 4.4.1 above.

b.

Be provided with thermo-magnetic releases. In case of loads with


high inrush currents, the release shall be slow acting.
Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

PAGE NO. 9 OF 18

TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

c.

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

Be provided with form C trip/off auxiliary contacts.


The auxiliary contacts shall be wired to provide visual group alarm
(Red LED) on the panel and also provide a set of potentially free form
C contact. The form C contacts shall be wired to the Main
Distribution Frame (MDF) for onward connection to the surveillance
system in the respective SEC Control Center.

4.4.3 A DC Ammeter compatible with the shunt located in the tie box shall be
provided to measure the charge/discharge current of the battery. The meter
shall be as per 40-TMSS-01 and analog of 89 mm or digital of 3 digits. The
range of the meter shall be adequate to cover the maximum discharge and
charge current permitted for the battery including test discharge current. The
leads of the Ammeter shall be terminated on a terminal block.
4.5

AC Distribution Panel
4.5.1 The panel shall be rated for the low voltage distribution AC voltage available
at the installation (The voltage available at the site will be indicated by the
Project Engineer in the Scope of Work and Technical Specifications for the
project). The panel shall comprise of:
a.

The bus bars rated for the total AC input current to 2 Nos. 50%
chargers or 1 No. 100% charger or (N) chargers depending upon the
configuration adopted for communication DC system plus 50% for
future load additions. The short circuit rating shall be for minimum
one second for the short circuit current of the AC system on the
incoming side of the panel.

b.

One, Three pole with neutral or 2 pole (2 lines) with neutral


incoming circuit breaker of continuous current capacity same as the
bus bars in paragraph 4.5.1.(a).

c.

Number of outgoing triple pole, two pole or single pole circuit


breakers for charger circuits depending upon the type of chargers as
follows:
For SCR, FR and SR type chargers:
One circuit breaker separately for each charger
One spare circuit breaker
And for
Switched Mode type chargers:
One common circuit breaker for N+1 chargers
One spare circuit breaker

d.
TESP10306R0/AMM

One, outgoing, circuit breaker for the bypass input, if a static transfer
switch is installed. The circuit breaker shall be single pole or double
Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

pole depending on the AC voltage available in the AC Distribution


panel.
e.

One spare circuit breaker of same rating as 4.5.1. (d) above.

4.5.2 The circuit breakers referred in paragraph 4.5.1 above shall:

4.6

a.

Be of minimum interrupting rating equal to or greater than the short


circuit level of the AC system on the incoming side of the panel.

b.

Be provided with thermo-magnetic release with incomer release


provided with time delay to coordinate with the outgoing breaker
instantaneous short circuit release.

Battery Disconnect Switch


The battery disconnect switch shall:
4.6.1 Be of double pole, load break type designed for carrying and breaking
successfully the maximum DC current (charge or discharge) flowing in the
battery circuit.
4.6.2 Be provided with fuses capable of interrupting the maximum DC short circuit
current.
4.6.3 Be provided with dry (voltage free) form C contact separately for the
disconnect switch and fuses to give alarm on the Main Distribution Frame
(MDF) whenever the disconnect switch opens and also whenever the fuses
blow.
4.6.4 Be housed in an IP21 per IEC 60529 type enclosure. Padlock with key shall
be provided to padlock the operating handle of the disconnect switch.
4.6.5 Be located close to the door, but outside the battery room (wall mounted)
when battery bank is located inside a dedicated battery room.
When VRLA batteries are installed along with other telecommunication
equipment in a common room, the disconnect switch may be mounted on the
DC panel or wall mounted close to the battery bank.

4.7

Static Inverter with Static Transfer Switch:


4.7.1 When specified, communication grade, static inverter with static transfer
switch shall be provided to give uninterruptible AC power supply to Personal
Computers (PCs), monitors and modems associated with PABXs.
In order to keep the inverter and hence the battery and charger sizes low, the
output of the inverter for typical telecommunication application in SEC shall
be limited to one (1) kVA and the only loads to be connected to inverter

TESP10306R0/AMM

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

(through the static transfer switch) shall be the following, unless otherwise
specified.
a.
b.
c.

2 Nos. Personal Computers


2 Nos. Monitors
1 No. Modem

The inverter system shall be sized to cater to the maximum load plus 25%
margin to cater to any unforeseen requirements and/or for future loads.
4.7.2 The static transfer switch shall operate in the reverse mode as follows:
a.

Under normal conditions, the load shall be connected to the inverter.

b.

On failure of the inverter, the transfer switch shall transfer the load to the
alternate or by-pass mode controlled by a dedicated AC circuit
breaker as mentioned in paragraph 4.5.1(d).

4.7.3 The static transfer switch rating shall be selected to match the output of the
inverter.
4.7.4 The entire system shall generally meet the requirements of applicable clauses
of 46-TMSS-03 and TES-P-103.05 for UPS system.
4.8

System Interconnection Wiring/Cabling:


The wiring/cabling between the various equipment of the communication power
supply system shall:
4.8.1 Be based on figures No.1, No.2, No 3 and No.5 as applicable and the layout
of various equipment in the communication room.
4.8.2 Be such as to limit the voltage drop to within 0.5V DC in the power cables
from:
a.

Battery to load considering that the battery is discharging at maximum


design discharge current.

b.

Charger to load considering that the charger is supplying the maximum


battery charging current and the rated/design load current.

4.8.3 Be such that twin core cables or single core cables shall be used for DC
power circuits. When single core cables are used, conductors of opposite
polarity belonging to the same circuit should be run close to each other so
that the magnetic fluxes from current moving in opposite directions cancel
out each other.
4.8.4

TESP10306R0/AMM

Be run in rigid electrical metallic conduit (EMT) complying with the latest
edition of NEC or on metallic cable trays. All AC wirings must be run in
Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

rigid electrical metallic conduit. Also, main DC wiring from the rectifier
enclosure to the DC panel board shall be run in rigid electrical metallic
conduits. For office buildings approved non-metallic cable trays/raceways are
permitted for power cables.
4.8.5 Be with color code of red for ungrounded DC negative wire, black for the
grounded positive wires and green or green with yellow stripes for ground
wires. For AC wiring, color coding shall conform to NEC.
4.9

Communication System Grounding


The grounding system shall consist of wiring, buses (GWB- ground window bar and
MGB-master ground busbars), connectors and connections that resist deterioration
and require minimal maintenance. The positive of the battery shall be grounded
through GWB in the telecommunication room to the MGB.
The communication grounding system shall generally conform to TES-T-111.02.

TESP10306R0/AMM

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TESP10306R0/AMM

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

Figure 2: SCHEME: CX2

TESP10306R0/AMM

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

Figure 3: SCHEME: CX3


DWG # TE-0306-0300-00

TESP10306R0/AMM

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

TESP10306R0/AMM

Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD

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Date of Approval: October 9, 2007

TES-P-103.06, Rev. 0

PAGE NO. 18 OF 18

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