Chapter 3

Project Design
Design 1: Fibre to the Cabinet (FTTC)

Figure 3.1

The figure shows the diagram on how to telephone network design works using Fiber to the cabinet. It all
started at local exchange or also called as Central office going through the cabinet using fiber optic cable
and then going to the pole using coaxial cables until it came to distribution. The distribution point is the
responsible in giving the service on households.
FTTC uses existing broadband infrastructure - exchanges, street cabinets and copper wire - to
deliver broadband to homes and properties whereas with FTTP the entire connection is made up of fiber
optic lines. In FTTC, the fiber connection will terminate at the Cabinet. In most cases, the two copper wires
(tip and ring) for each telephone line run from a home or other small building to a local telephone exchange.
There is a central junction box for the building where the wires that go to telephone jacks throughout the
building and wires that go to the exchange meet and can be connected in different connections depending
upon the subscribed telephone service. The wires between the junction box and the exchange are known
as the local loop, and the network of wires going to an exchange, the access network.

Location Map
Figure 3.2
OPAC Location
The Outside Plant Access Cabinet must be located near the entrance of the subdivision. The
OPAC location for Good Family Homes Subdivision is at the middle of the subdivision area to serve the
telephone facility. Standards were considered for the installation and location of the OPAC.

OPAC Location
In location the Outside Plant Access
Cabinet (OPAC) the following are taken into
consideration:

OPAC should be placed if possible in a

higher place to minimize the
maintenance of OPAC in case of flooding.
OPAC should be placed in a place where
it cannot cause traffic obstruction.
It should be close as possible to the

Cable Routes

Types of Poles
Types of Poles
Type of Pole
Meralco
Own Pole

Quantity
31
10

Selecting DP
Locations

Pole Locations

General

Expansion of the utilities

DP Groupings and

Minimize guying
Avoid hazards to pedestrian
and vehicular traffic
Safety and convenience of
workers and the public
Future
widening
or
realignment

-OSP
Engineering
Guidelines

Design

Accessible at all
times to
installation and
repair.
Where DP
location will not
present hazard to
personnel and
properties
Sufficient
working space for
opening and
IDs

Design Criteria:

Only one DP per pole

location
The type of DP is pole
mounted that is IDC, nonprotected type, 10 or 20
pair size.
For pole mounted DP, allow
for sufficient wiring limit
(using adjusted penetration
factor) to serve a 5-year
forecast and maximum drop
wire length of 300 meters

Selecting DP Locations
General

Cable ID

Accessible at all times to

installation and repair.
Where DP location will
not present hazard to
personnel and properties
Sufficient working space
for opening and
maintenance
The cable serving the DP
is in a safe location
Allow for direct service

List of Materials

Central Office

OPAC

Fiber Optic cable

Copper wire

Aerial cable

Underground cable

Riser

Splice

Distribution Point

Drop wire

Station protector

Jacketed wire

Demarcation Box

UTP

RJ 11

ADSL

Design 2
Fiber to the home (FTTH)

Fiber to the home (FTTH) is the delivery of a communications signal over optical fiber from the operators
switching equipment all the way to a home or business, thereby replacing existing copper infrastructure
such as telephone wires and coaxial cable. Fiber to the home is a relatively new and fast growing method
of providing vastly higher bandwidth to consumers and businesses, and thereby enabling more robust
video, internet and voice services.
Connecting homes directly to fiber optic cable enables enormous improvements in the bandwidth that can
be provided to consumers. Current fiber optic technology can provide two-way transmission speeds of up to
100 megabits per second. Further, as cable modem and DSL providers are struggling to squeeze
increments of higher bandwidth out of their technologies, ongoing improvements in fiber optic equipment
are constantly increasing available bandwidth without having to change the fiber. Thats why fiber networks
are said to be future proof."

FTTH Design

LCP Location
LCP 001

LCP 002
LCP 004

LCP 003

NAP Location

List of materials

Central Office

Fiber Optic cable

Optical Line Terminal

LCP

NAP

Jacketed wire

RJ

Station Protector

Demarcation box

ONU