Professional Documents
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CONFIDENTIAL
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FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTERI
SESSTON 2012t2013
COURSE NAME
FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
COURSE CODE
BFC
PROGRAMME
4 BFF
EXAMINATION DATE
DECEMBER
DURATION
3 HOURS
INSTRUCTION
4043143103
2OT3
^OI2IJANUARY
CONFIDENTIAL
SBCTION A
Ql
(a)
Briefly, discuss ONE (1) mechanical modification and ONE (1) hydraulic
modification technique for ground improvement.
(6 marks)
(b)
The in situ void ratio, e of a borrow pit is 0.72. The borrow pit soil is to be
excavated and transported to filI a construction site where it will be compacted
to a void ratio of 0.42. The construction project requires 10,000 m' of
compacted soil fill.
Determine the volume of soil that must be excavated from the borrow pit to
provide the required volume of fill.
(5 marks)
(c)
Refer to Figure
Ql
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
in 12 months by
the
precompression technique.
(7 marks)
SECTION B
Q2
(a)
There are several testing at site during site investigation work such
as
Standard Penetration Test (SPT), Cone Penetration Test (CPT), vane shear test
(VST), plate bearing test and others.
(i)
(ii)
List THREB (3) in-situ testing devices which may require boreholes
prior to testing and explain why boreholes are required for these tests.
(6 marks)
(iii)
cN
o.77log,o
l9l
po
(6 marks)
(b)
In
of
undisturbed sample.
(i)
(ii)
samples and
Q3
(a)
Q4
(b)
Recalculate the design bearing capacity for the condition of Q3 (a) but with
the ground water table at a great depth and assuming that the bulk unit weight
of the soil above the water table is I 8 kN/m'.
(6 marks)
(c)
(a)
Briefly describe:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(6 marks)
(ii)
Qs
(a)
(b)
of retaining structures,
and
Explain the difference between free earth support and fixed earth support
method in design and analysis of sheet-pile.
(4 marks)
(d)
(i)
Sketch the active earth pressure which develop at the sides of this
embankment
(6 marks)
(ii)
Design the vertical and horizontal spacing, and length arrangement of the
strip reinforcement. The safety factor against pull-out is required2.
(9 marks)
SEKSYEN A
Sl
(a)
Secara ringkas, bincangkan SATU (1) teknik modifikasi secara mekanikal dan
SATU (1) modifikasi secara hidraulik untuk pembaikan tanah.
(6 markah)
(b)
Nisbah lompang, e, di tapak tanah pinjam ialah 0.72. Lubang tanah pinjam
perlu dikorek dan dihantar ke tapak bina bagi tujuan kambusan yang mana
ianya perlu dipadatkan kepada nisbah lompang 0.42. Projek pembinaan
tersebut memerlukan 10,000 m3 bagi kambusan tanah terpadat.
Tentukan isipadu tanah tersebut yang perlu dikorek dari lubang tanah pinjam.
(5 markah)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
SEKSYEN B
52 (a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
1915
Po
(6 markah)
(b)
Dalam proses pensampelan, terdapat dua jenis sampel. Sampel tersebut adalah
sampel terganggu dan sampel tidak terganggu.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
dan
(5 markah)
S3
(a)
adalah
menggunakan persamaan keupayaan galas umum dan factor keselamatan2.S
(14 markah)
(b)
Kirakan semula rekabentuk keup ayaan galas mengikut keadaan seperti dalam
53 (a) di atas tetapi paras air bumi adalah sangat dalam dan anggarkan
bahawa berat unit gembur tanah di atas paras air bumi adalah 18 kN/m'.
(6 markah)
(c)
S4
(a)
(6 markah)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(4 markah)
ini
(15 markah)
Q5 (a)
(b)
Terangkan anjakan
(c)
Terangkan perbezaan antara sokong tanah bebas dan sokong tanah tetap dalam
rekabentuk dan analisa cerucuk keping.
(4 markah)
(d)
Rajah Q5 (d) menunjukkan timbusan tanah untuk pembinaan jalan raya yang
akan diperkuat dengan keluli jalur bersaiz 5 x 100 mm dan kekuatan tarik yang
dibenarkan adalah 250 Mpa
(i)
(ii)
Rekabentuk spasi I ruang pugak dan ufuk, dan panjang keluli jalur.
Faktor keselam atan terhadap tarik diperluk an adalah 2.
(9 markah)
FINAL EXAMINATION
U2012/2013
ENGINEERING
relll'
t:;i:TlT..
'r .'..:
+
At*,
lAor,+Ao1i,l"'I Arig-
tl
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table
Groundwater
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COUR
COURSE
: 4 BFF
SUBJI
SUBJECT
CODE : BFC 4043|BFC 43103
t
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{a}
Settlement
Fieure
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tl
5m
100
kN/m2
tl|
|/*\
l,
Time
i-t
I
I
ls.
,=22kN/m3
c=20kN/m2
,no
I o=30'
_Y_
Fieure 02 (a)
l0
*,
S*,u
ts
q
((b)
b)
Ol (c)
rl
I r=18kN/m3
I c=25kN/;' n
rl
Time
iiiriiii
1Hvi:iri"#i'l ffi
'..
ar4pr
----------l\
30
*1,
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER/SESSI0N : SEM ll20l2l20l3
COURSE : FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
COURSE : 4 BFF
SUBJECT CODE : BFC 4043/BFC 43103
ooq
l oe
Q: 3000kN
Sand
kJv
15,5
*r,
Normally Consolidated
Clay
nF
Lt,rai
{sat --1'takff
C
: 0.25
"
o :
0.75
Fieure 04 (b)
1t
: 0.82
FINAL BXAMINATION
SEMESTER/SESSI0N : SEM l/201212013
COURSE : FOUNDATION ENGINEEzuNG
COURSE : 4 BFF
SUBJECT CODE : BFC 4043/BFC 43103
q,:2 kN/m2
=l8kN lm3
:35"
c:25 kPa
Q
c:
15 kPa
T =l6kN lm3
Q
=30'
Fieure O5 (d)
T2
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER/SESSION : sEM v20t2t20r3
COURSE : FOIINDATI ON ENGINEERING
COURSE : 4 BFF
SUBJECT CODE : BFC 4043|BFC 43103
Table
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0.317
0.390
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1.781
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER/SESSION : SEM ll20l2l20l3
COURSE : FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
COURSE : 4 BFF
SUBJECT CODE : BFC 4043/BFC 43103
Formulae
c,,H.,
Jcrp)=.
lo$
I+eo
on + Ao.,r',
'r -t,
oo
cut
Hr,
o,
[lo,o,
lo,r, ]
ry)'
=!(
4[loo)
log
o,,
* Ao,o,
oo
,"*[,.?]
D^
'! -b
fr=a
su.,
t,
A*(%)=Lf(roo)
= 0.2gN60032
Po
ocR=o
rrr[#)""
D,(o/o) =
D,(%)=l#1",,00,
t4
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER/SESSI0N : SEM ll20l2l20l3
COURSE : FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
COURSE : 4 BFF
SUBJECT CODE : BFC 4043|BFC 43103
k.=r^'(ot -*)
ko:l-sin$'
ko = 0.95
ko = cos
-k
()loverconsolidated\
ulrutrnall.vconsolidoted)
|fi'4
L
-2c'
sin, (B + 0')
sin'Bsin(F-s')[t.
JC
2c'
-(
ry
yJk"
P. =
Q'
coscr,*@
JoL\
n - qk,H +)yH'k"
/.
1^
Po =
coscr-Jcos'o-cost
ct'
- sin $'
=i;#*
l+sin$
l-sinQ
ko
- cost 4'
cos' cr - cos' 4'
sin2 (B - 0')
cos'
ko=cosct'
n.
]'
- 2 c' H J-h)
=az
cr
-{
Shape Factor:
cN, + QN n + 0 -SyBN,
(strip foundation)
Q,
Qu
l<U.I
.-
.l+-.BNO
=t*
Fn,
qJL
L N^
ltan0
R
Qu
Qu
cN,F*FraFri * qN rF*FnuFn, *
0.5y8{
Fy,FyaFyi
15
FTJL- l-0.4:
where L is the length of the foundation
and L>B.
.l
FINAL EXAMINATION
l/2012/2013
ENGINEERING
COURSE : 4 BFF
SUBJECT CODE : BFC 4043|BFC 43103
SEMESTER/SESSI0N : SEM
COURSE : FOUNDATION
Formulae
h Factor
D.
If '>l:
B
for$:0o
F,a=l+0.4tan
Frl:l
for$>0o
F,a =
Fna
=l
Fra
=l
l- F*
-," #il
Fra
sin
+ 2tan
Q')'
0'(l -
sin
, D,
Q'f
=l
Inclination Factor
Fv,:[t-fr)'
B is the
l6
FINAL EXAMINATION
r/2012/2013
ENGINEERING
SEMESTER/SESSION : SEM
COURSE : FOUNDATION
COURSE : 4 BFF
SUBJECT CODE : BFC 4043|BFC 43103
Formulae
Qp
0.4 poNoo
(LD)
S 4 po Noo
I}D
Qo:
Ao (qo)
Q,: pLf'"
(so
0rs/{{B6t
eriXirgt
e1i}J
Lg'
Quit
a*
FS,r, =
T:co'SnSo
oo
'SrS'
(n
-,)
-------------_--T
2l,woo'1an0u
FS,",oo 'SnS"
,
2wc o 'tan 0u
oo 'SrS,
T7
'
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER/SESSI0N : SEM ll20l2l20l3
COURSE : FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
T
@
N.
Nq
1.00
1.10
13
5.70
6.00
6.30
6.62
6.97
7.34
7.73
8.15
8.60
9.09
9.61
10.16
L0.76
11.41
L4
t2.LL
15
12.86
13.68
14.60
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
L2
16
T7
18
19
20
2L
22
23
24
25
L5.t2
16.56
L7.69
18.92
20.27
2t.75
23.36
25.13
t.22
1.35
L.49
t.&
1.81
2.00
2.2r
2.44
2.69
2.98
3.29
3.63
4.02
4.45
4.92
5.45
6.04
6.70
7.44
8.26
9.19
10.23
11.40
t2.72
i's Bear
N/
COURSE : 4 BFF
SUBJECT CODE : BFC 4043|BFC 43103
Ca
s Factors
N.
Nq
N/
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.06
0.10
0.14
0.20
0.27
0.35
0.44
0.56
0.69
0.85
26
27
28
29
27.09
29.24
31.61
34.24
30
37.t6
31
32
33
L.M
1.26
39
40
9.84
11.60
13.70
16.18
19.13
22.65
26.87
3L.94
38.04
45.41
54.36
65.27
78.61
95.03
115.31
t.52
4T
40.4L
44.04
48.09
52.64
57.75
53.53
70.01
77.50
85.97
95.66
106.81
L4.2L
15.90
17.81
19.98
22.46
25.28
28.52
32.23
36.50
1.82
2.18
2.s9
3.07
3.64
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
4.3t
5.09
5.00
7.08
8.34
34
35
36
37
38
50
l8
Ltg.67
134.58
151.95
172.28
t96.22
224.55
258.28
4t.44
47.t6
53.80
61.55
70.6t
8L.27
93.85
108.75
126.50
t47.74
L73.28
204.t9
24t.80
298.7t
287.85
344.63
347.50
4t5.14
140.51
17L.99
211.56
261.60
325.34
407.11
5L2.84
650.67
831.99
1072.80
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE :4 BFF
SUBJECT CODE : BFC 4043|BFC 43103
Nc
5.14
5.38
5.63
5.90
5.19
6.49
6.81
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
t2
13
7.t6
7.53
7.92
8.35
8.80
9.28
9.81
t4
t0.37
15
10.98
11.63
16
t7
18
19
20
2L
22
23
24
25
L2.34
13.10
13.93
14.83
15.82
16.88
18.05
L9.32
20.72
L.72
1.88
2.06
2.25
2.47
2.71
2.97
3.26
3.s9
3.94
4.34
4.77
5.26
s.80
6.40
7.07
7.82
8.66
9.60
10.66
0.00
0.07
0.15
0.24
0.34
0.45
0.57
0.7r
0.86
1.03
L.22
L.44
1.69
1.97
2.29
2.65
3.06
3.s3
4.07
4.68
5.39
6.20
7.13
8.20
9.44
10.88
0.20
0.20
0.2t
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.2s
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.30
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.39
0.40
0.42
0.43
0.45
0.45
0.48
0.s0
0.51
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.23
0.2s
0.27
0.29
0.31
0.32
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.45
0.47
26
27
28
22.25
23.94
25.80
27.86
30.14
32.67
35.49
38.64
75.3t
@.20
83.86
93.71
105.11
118.37
133.88
152.10
L73.64
L99.26
229.93
266.89
73.90
85.38
99.02
115.31
134.88
158.51
L87.21
34
35
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
42.t6
46.t2
t9
1.01
1.04
1.08
L9.34
22.40
25.99
30.22
35.19
4L
33
330.35
403.67
496.01
513.16
762.89
t6.72
s0.59
55.63
61.35
67.87
32
27r.76
t4.72
36
37
38
39
40
31
48.03
56.31
66.19
78.03
92.25
109.41
L30.22
155.55
186.s4
224.64
L2.54
L4.47
L6.44
18.40
20.67
23.18
26.09
29.44
33.30
37.75
42.92
48.93
55.96
29
30
0.53
0.55
0.57
0.59
0.61
0.63
0.65
0.68
0.70
0.72
0.75
0.77
0.80
0.82
0.85
0.88
0.91
0.94
0.97
11.85
13.20
222.3t
255.51
319.07
41.06
t.r2
1.15
1.20
Tan
0.49
0.51
0.s3
0.55
0.58
0.60
0.62
0.65
0.67
0.70
0.73
0.75
0.78
0.81
0.84
0.87
0.90
0.93
0.97
1.00
1.04
L.07
1.11
1.15
1.19