Computer Repair PDF

.....................................................................................................................
i
Assignment.............................................................................................ii
..........................................................................................................................iii
: Computer
Hardware and Software.........................................1
" # $ %& ' ....................................................................1

2- ( )
( * # $ %& ' .................................................................................1
3- +, - Hardware ./0(
" $ %& ' 12 ..............................................3
4()
# Hardware 1 #0 3 4 # Computer ..................3
1-
a.) Monitor..................................................................................................4
b.) Keyboard...............................................................................................4
c.) Mouse.....................................................................................................5
d.) System Unit ...........................................................................................5
i.) System Case.......................................................................................5
ii.) Main board.......................................................................................6
iii.) HDD(Hard Disk, Hard Disk Drive, Hard Drive) ........................11
iv.) FDD and FD ....................................................................................17
v.) Memory(RAM)Random Access Memory......................................18
vi.) CD and DVD Drive.........................................................................20
vii.) CPU(Central Processing Unit) .....................................................21
viii.) VGA(Video Graphics Array) ......................................................23
ix.) TV Card...........................................................................................25
x.) Network Card...................................................................................25
e.) Scanner ..................................................................................................25
f.) Printer ....................................................................................................26
g.) Modem...................................................................................................27
h.) Hub ........................................................................................................27
i.) UPS .........................................................................................................27
5-
56
)! $
$ %& ' .............................................27

# .949:.................................................38
7: BIOS Setup Program ,8.

1- ( )
BIOS and CMOS .........................................................................39
2- $
#/
" # BIOS Setup ..........................................................40
3( # ( - Password ; 36 CMOS ..................................................41
)! Upgrade BIOS, CPU, RAM .....................................................42

5<= # HDD
<= # CD-ROM ..........................................................44
6- Create Disk System
0 Partition 4 HDD................................45
>: Software Installation
4-
1- What is Windows? Version of Windows?................................................58

2- Install Windows..........................................................................................58
3- Install VGA, Sound, Printer and Add New Hardware...........................74
4-
5-
#/ Setup Office and Install All Font....................................89

" # Font Khmer
Install 4 ( )
? 1# <
Windows...........................................................................................................97
6- Setup and Using Power Quest Partition Magic .......................................107
7- Setup 2 Windows on one HDD and Use 2 HDD for install Program.....128
@:
Icons .................................................................................................130
- Accessibility option .......................................................................................130
- Add/Remove Hardware ...............................................................................131
- Add/Remove Program..................................................................................131
- Font ................................................................................................................131
- Date/Time ......................................................................................................132
- Keyboard .......................................................................................................132
- Mouse.............................................................................................................132
- Sound and Multimedia.................................................................................133
- Printer............................................................................................................133
- Power option .................................................................................................133
- Regional option .............................................................................................134
- System Properties .........................................................................................134
A:
Command...............................................................................135
- Find ................................................................................................................135
- Copy, Create New Folder.............................................................................135
- Properties ......................................................................................................136
- Format ...........................................................................................................136
- Sharing...........................................................................................................136
- Customize Folder..........................................................................................137
- Create Shortcut Drive for send to ...............................................................137
B: Virus, Anti-Virus and Low-level

1- What is Virus? ............................................................................................138
2- What is Anti-Virus?....................................................................................138
<
4- ( ) 3-
Virus ..............................................................................................138
0(
Hard Disk
Bad Sector.........................................139
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Ba Create Disk System

0 Partition 4 Hard Disk
A.)
P System Disk
(* 0( O;M System Disk ? *
4 8. P
! #8 :
0( O;M System Disk 1F Disk 0( Y6 *8 file System
1F : IO. Sys,
MSDOS. Sys, Command. Com
DRRSPACE. Bin E ( N P System Disk 14 $8
(*
:
+ ; Windows 98
-
C:\>format A:/s
C:\>sys A:
or
( N .9 ( # 4 boot * ; 36 ComputerE
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a 4 .9
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4 $8 !(* ; System Disk 0( E
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(*
:
your computer has a disk larger than 512 MB. This version
of windows includes improved support for large disks,
resulting in more efficient use of disk space on large
drives, and allowing disks over 2 GB to be formatted as a
single drive.
IMPORTANT: If you enable large disk support and create
any new drives on this disk, you will not be able to access
the new drive(s) using other operating systems, including
some versions of windows 95 and windows NT, as well as
earlier version of windows and MS-DOS. In addition, disk
utilities that were not designed explicitly for the FAT32
Y # 8 4
; # [] O 8
enter key
8 I Y (*
Microsoft Windows 98
Fixed Disk Setup Program
(C)Copyright Microsoft Corp. 1983-1998
FDISK Option
Current fixed disk drive: 1
Choose one of the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive

Set active partition
Delete partition or Logical DOS Drive
Display partition information
Enter choice: [1]

Invalid entry, please enter 1-4
Press Esc to exit FDISK
; Y -8 " K I 4
@ $ (N
:
a $ : Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive 1F *8
( N P DOS partition Logical DriveE
a $ 7 :Set active partition 1F *8
7 ( N Set active partition
4 Primary DOS PartitionCE
a $ >: Delete partition or Logical DOS Drive 1F *8
>
( N $ Partition Logical DriveE
a $ @ :Display partition information 1F *8
@( N4 8
K I e4 Partition M Hard Disk #
0 Partition O R ; E
0 Partition O
*8 .9 $
( N Partition M, ;
*8
# E (* 3- ( N Partition 4 Hard Disk *8 .9 ;
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/(*
:
: Display Partition information
@ ;0
Enter Choice: []
(* *
( N Display
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FDISK Option
5.
6.
7.
8.
Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive

Set active partition
Delete partition or Logical DOS Drive
Display partition information
Enter choice: [4]

Y # 8
Enter Key
-8
K I *8 Partition
# Hard Disk (*
Display Partition Information

Current fixed disk drive:1
Partition Status Type Volume Label Mbytes System
C: 1
A
PRI DOS
57 FAT 16
2
EXT DOS
67
Usage
46%
54%
Total disk space is 125 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes)

The Extended DOS Partition contains Logical DOS Drives.
Do you want to display the logical drive information (Y/N).? [ ]
Press Esc to return to FDISK Option
Y #
0(
8 4
O 8
; 36 Extended DOS PartitionE
Y
; 36
[]
Enter
(N
*8 Logical Drive
: Delete partition and Logical Drive
Y #
" Display *8 Partition Logical Drive O

Esc ( N *
; FDISK Option 8IE Y #8
> ; 36
Enter(* 0( " .9 ;
36 Ob 0( W$0 ; - 8
Partition
Logical DriveE O 8 "
K I Y (*
:
8* Press
[] O 8
>1 ( N $
Delete Logical DOS Drive(s) in the Extended DOS Partition

Drv
D:
E:
Volume
label
Mbytes
35
33
System
FAT16
FAT32
Usage
52%
48%
Total Extended DOS Partition size is 67 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 byte)

WARNING! Data in a deleted Logical DOS Drive will be lost.
What drive do you want to delete..? [ ]
Enter Volume Label.? [
]
Are you sure (Y/N)..? [ ]
Press Esc to return to Fdisk option
$ -1F
*8 $
8* $
$ 1F *88
Extended DOS Partition
*8 $
Drive E:
Extended DOS Partition
0( ;
Y (* *
Logical Drive
E
Enter
; $ O ; 36
1 $ E (* -
Delete Logical DOS Drive(s) in the Extended DOS Partition

Drv
D:
E:
Volume
label
Mbytes
35
33
System
FAT16
FAT32
Usage
52%
48%
Total Extended DOS Partition size is 67 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 byte)

WARNING! Data in a deleted Logical DOS Drive will be lost.
What drive do you want to delete..? [ E ]
Enter Volume Label.? [
]
Are you sure (Y/N)..? [ Y ]
Press Esc to return to Fdisk option
Y # 8
Drive
- Drive E: *8 $ " #E
( 1 0# & *8 letter Drive W$ -E
Enter
*84 $8 (* 13
: Create DOS Partition and Logical DOS Drive
" $ *8 Partition or Logical Drive 4 # O

; # Y FDISK Option M,E
FDISK Option
9. Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive
10. Set active partition
11. Delete partition or Logical DOS Drive
12. Display partition information
Enter choice: [ 3 ]
Press Esc
(N
Y #
Enter 8
*8 $ ; 36
K I Y (*
[]
(N P
Partition
Logical Drive
Create DOS Partition or Logical DOS Drive

1. Create Primary DOS Partition
2. Create Extended DOS Partitioon
3. Create Logical DOS Drives(s) in Extended DOS Partition
Enter choice: [1]
; Y -"
KI> $ 4
1. Create Primary DOS Partition:

Partition
Logical Drive C:
0( Extended
; 36 -E
Primary
E
P
2. Create Extended DOS Partition:

Partition
0(
Partition
Partition
0(
Y #
Partition
Primary
Logical Drive
3. Create Logical DOS Drives(s) in the Extended DOS Partition:

Logical Drive
; 36
Extended Partition
Primary Partition
Y #
$ ; 36
Enter 8 I Y (*
[]
(N
:
Primary Partition
; # $ 0
#0
8
R
' M
Partition
*8 $
P0
; 36
[]
Partition
Enter
W$ -
8 I Y (*
:
Create Primary DOS Partition

Maximum space available for partition is 3079 Mbytes (100%)
Enter partition size in Mbytes or percent of disk space (%) to
create a primary DOS partition.: [ ]
; Y - *8 4
# O ; 4 Primary Partition 0(
# P
(
4 # Mbytes F < 1 !" )E ; - * # 40% Hard
Disk
#
P Primary PartitionE (* - 8 40% ; 36 []
(* *
:
Create Primary DOS Partition
create a primary DOS partition.: [ 40% ]
Y #
(
Enter
O 8 # (
#E
Extended Partition
Hard Disk
*8
O* ( #8
Y #
E
O
*8 P Extended Partition
*8 Press Esc ( N * ; Y Create DOS Partition or Logical
DOS Drive 8IE
Y # $ 7 ; 36 [] ( N
$ 7: P
Extended Partition Enter 8 I Y (*
:
Primary Partition
Create Extended DOS Partition

Partition
C: 1
Status Type Volume label

PRI DOS
Mbytes System Usage

1540
Unknown 50%

create an extended DOS partition.: [ ]
Press Esc to return to FDISK Options
36
*8 # O #8 0( E * ; ;
P Extended Partition 1 " P Logical Drive D: W$0
#
P Logical Drive /
*8 # O 4 drive D: *8 * O
Disk 0(
; #
P Primary PartitionE (* 3- ; - * #
30%E
8 30% ; 36 [] (* *
:
Extended Partition
-!
Create Extended DOS Partition

Partition
C: 1
Status Type Volume label

PRI DOS
Mbytes System Usage

1540
Unknown 50%


create an extended DOS partition.: [ 30% ]
Press Esc to return to FDISK Options
Y # 8
Enter
-8 (
Extended Partition Drive D:
Logical Drive
; (
#
*8 P
> ; 36 [] ( N
8 I Y (*
:
E Press Esc Y #
Logical Drive
$ >:
Logical Drive
Create Logical DOS Drive(s) in the Extended DOS Partition

No Logical drives defined
Total extended DOS Partition size is 1540 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes)
Maximum space available for Logical drive is 1540 Mbytes (100%)
Enter Logical drive size in Mbytes or percent of disk space(%)[30%]

$
Enter
(
; P Logical Drive 0(
O , Disk space 0(
; # 4 #0
*88 O Disk space 0( ; # < 1 (30%) ;
36 [] (* *
Y # 8 Enter KeyE ;
-8 (
P
Logical drive 7 ; 36 Extended PartitionE
# P Logical
Drive
; 36 computer #
*8 .9(* 8. 0( ( 1 #0
# O ;
*8
# W$ -E
: Set Active Partition
Y #
#O
*8 Set Active 4 Partition )
36
Partition
4 E# W$0 * ; 1 0 Set Active ; 4 Primary
PartitionE (* - ( N Set Active 4 Partition
*8 * ; FDISK Option
M, O 8 7 ; 36 [] Enter 8 I Y (*
:
Partition
Set Active Partition

Partition Status Type Volume Label Mbytes System Usage
C: 1
PRI DOS
1540
Unknown 40%
2
EXT DOS
1540
Unknown 60%

Enter the number of the partition you want to make active[ 1 ]
(
[]
(* *
*8 Set Active 4 Primary Partition - *8 $ ; 36

Enter - Primary Partition 1F Active PartitionE
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3'
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(! # # 36 RAM
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L
E
;
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e.) SYSINIT 0
Signal
36
0(
Root Directory
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BIOS
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a
a
a
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Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse
System Unit
! Hardware 2 !/ 5
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43 " #4 8
H& 3 '
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8 (* F1, F2, F3, , F12E
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(* :
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# .9 M *8 * < 0( K I ; MonitorE
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# .9 ? # ,<
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+
Insert:
# $ *84 0( ;
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(Overwrite)E
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+ Home:
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#49
(Item)
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Y6 08 0( 0
<# = # ;
System
UnitE
9 M\ - ( 0 8 %
# 2 2
< Mouse -4 # 0 E
d.) System Unit :
1F )6 *8 #S )! Hardware 4 #0( Q ; 36
System Case
i.) System Case:
4 # R Case E S )! # .9 Y6 *8 # 12 S )! Hardware
#/ # .9 4 Computer ) E System Case *8" <= #
*8 Power
Supply 0(
43 0 0 *8 415 ; 4 0 3 /
System Unit
* (N
4 03
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230V) O 0
;
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< Power Supply b # 0(
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2
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ii.)Mainboard or Motherboard:
Y- 190( . 1 Q ; 36 System Unit 8 (

W # # .9 1 #
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13
$ 9 #13 E 1" .9 0 0 Mainboard I 7 < 1F Board
( #
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1F
Gigabyte, Azza, IBM, Excel 2000, VIA, Intel Desktop, .
+ Ports :
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- Ps/2 Ports:
Keyboard
#<= #
- USB Ports(Universal Serial Bus):

USB Hardware
- Serial Ports:
/0(
External Hardware
#<= # Printer or Lab ling
- Parallel Ports(LPT1, LPT2):

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0 I 7 < 1F Simm DimmE Simm 1F

08 >] ; f7 Pin O ( # 1*/E Dimm 1F <
08 08 Bg PinE
0(
Slots 0(
- RAM Slots:
,;
- PCI Slots(Peripheral Component Interconnected):
08
#(
<
0(
)V
)V
)V
VGA Card, Sound Card, TV Card, Network Card, USB
E
- ISA Slots(Industrial Standard Architecture): 1F
< Slots 0(
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08 08
# ( VGA Card, Sound Card, TV Card, Network Card, USB Card
Card
/ 0(
< ISA CardE
Card
1F
* ;
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Slots
Card
0(
<
PCI Card
- CPU Slots:
- CPU Socket:
- AGP Slots(Accelerate Graphic Port):
)V * *
PCI
#(
1F
<
VGA Card
- IDE Connectors(Integrated Drive Electronic):
Data IDE
* ;
Slots
71F IDE1
# ( 0 Data # Floppy Drive

- Power Connectors:
7 < 1F AT ATX
O
_)-(*
Signal
)
0(
"
IDE2
W$0
Zip DriveE
IDE
- ROM BIOS(Read Only Memory Basic Input Output System):
Mainboard :
W$0
#<= #
Hardware
/( N4 8 )
*8 # 0 0
/4 $
IDE
34
#1 #1
$ 9 #13 ( Y6 *8 8, .
- Battery CMOS:
PCI
@] PinE
- FDC Connectors(Floppy Drive Connector):

Pin
% W 0(
b ^ #E
#( E
: Intel Gigabyte, Gigabyte, AZZA, AMD, ACCER, IBM, Intel Desktop,
b : P2, P3, P4,
- Model: P4 815EPX, P4 865BS4, P4 875PX,

- Bus Speed:
- Hardware: Slots and Ports,

+
36
Test
Test
Mainboard :
Mainboard
1F
M
*8 .9
(*
Ports
Slots
Port
( .9 ( *8 #S )!
4 # ; 8
(
; 8 <; Mainboard)E
+
K:
- ( S
)!)
; Slots or Ports (
-
Test
and
# Mainboard
Hardware
Slots
W$0 *8 4
-(
Support
(
8 0(
Monitor
- Setup Program
^ #/ ( F
()- :
% S )! -M 8 *8
Board R : O % W
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Monitor (*
VGA, RAM, CPU
0 Signal
Monitor
1F MonitorE
$ ( # # Mainboard -M - Setup *8 Windows Version ^ # *
)
" W $ ( R ! Board - SupportE
+
8 :
- $S O! ( -(* S
)! ; Mainboard 0( 8 ) 4 * R " # 0( 4 4 *
( # Mainboard R " 36 UpgradeE
O *8( < I
% #S )! 4 #0( ( 8 1F *8 4 Support 8
*8( M #S )! 4 # *8 $ 36 $)K<
) 0( W IW
W- 5 R. #S )!.\ #/ 8 E
+
iii.)HDD(Hard Disk, Hard Disk Drive, Hard Drive) :
4 -9 " E 8
.9 Y6 8* V
4 # # ComputerE 8 6= (Track) # .9 Read and Write Data *
I
HDD
O Y6 3 ' "
* $ 4 RAME O 8 4 $ ` 4
.9 O; 3 '
8I ; M\ " E
HDD
1F 0 3
Computer
0(
+ Basic Component of HDD:
4 P
OE W$0
( O* ( # H6 N 3
. $ #8 ;0
P dI HDD
_)-(* /13 0(
_)- $ /13
. $
-
: Platter, Spindle, Read/Write Head, IE, Air Filter, Logic Board and
E
- Platter: 1F Rigid Disk 0(
(
Metal or Plastic 8 1F
Y-0( 4 8
$8I 8 36 0 ( Spindle O
# .9 Y6 *8 V E
- Spindle: 1F
3& F ($ )
# .9 4 Platter 8 $8I J 8 4 # 36 0 (* /
13 E
- Read/Write Head: 1F (
#4 8 .9
;
#
Y # Platter /E Read/Write Head 4 .9 M
( N2 2 8
- Platter $ ) ( #0
;
-8 .9 )
Y PlatterE 8
-4 .9 4 8 # " 1 # # 4 # Y PlatterE
- IE(Integrated Electronic or Head Actuator): 1F 43
0
= I Computer
43 #( 4 ;( # 1 # # 1 #
4 # ; Y Platter * E
- Air Filter: 1
# I % # I HDDE
- Logic Board: 1F 43 1 #
= ;
. $ 4 # # HDDE
- Connectors: ; HDD 1
P dI Connectors >1F:
* Power Connector:
# .9 <= # ; Connector # Power Supply ( N #M
415 4 HDD * E
* Jumper:
# .9 ; ) 0( <= # HDD
12 H& 13 E
* IDE Connector:
# .9 <= # ; Connector IDE 0 Data 8 HDD Main
BoardE
Connectors
56 *
# HDD *8" 1 4 +, -M FormattingE Formatting '

M
4 HDD 1F4 $ ` 4
4
Files *
; Platter #8 4
4
O;
" #" ;
E HDD *8" 1
_)-7 1F
Logical Formatting
Physical FormattingE
+ Physical Formatting:
8* 0 .9 Format HDD 0(
_)- Physical Formatting
R ! 4 O; % W M Low level Formatting
-M 0(
.90 -1F8
4 P
# Y6 G * / > 1F Tracks, Sectors CylindersE
- Tracks: 1F 4'
R ! 4 P # R ! 1 &8 # 4
* ; 03
Platter
# HDD 8
_)-(* Record Compact DiskE Tracks *8" # # ] (
# # 01 Platter ;E Tracks 8 " P *8 # # Y6 G * / ; 36 - 0(
4 +, -M SectorsE
- Sectors: 1F
# * / Q ; Tracks # Y6 G E
- Cylinders: 1
6 H& 13 Tracks
0( Q ;
,/13 4'
$
Tracks
/ . ; Y- # Platter HDDE
+ Logical Formatting:
Y #
8* .9 Format
0(
Format
- 4 +, -M Logical FormattingE 0(
.9 Logical Formatting
1 ' M
0
# 4 File System Q ; 4 $ ` 4 OS )
)
8 " (* OS Windows, Linux ( E OS
- *8"
$ ; 1
# DiskzE OS 13 " # *8 File System 13 0( (* - dIM <
Logical Formatting 1F .9 ;
OS 0(
$ InstallE
+
( # (*
W $ IBM PC ;L3 hg ( # H6 N 3 1 P
dI HDD 0 I 7 < 1F IDE SCSI 0( ; 36 < IDE 1 P dI
< ATAE
HDD
.9
Physical Formatting
.
IDE(16, 32 bits)
100 MB
130 MB
<
HDD
SCSI(64 bits)
1000 MB
1.2 GB
400
500
550
800
1.2
2.1
3.2
4.3
- SCSI
1F
<
0( 4
9 M\ - $ U0
HDD
Mainboard
50-68pin
+
+
MB
MB
MB
MB
GB
GB
GB
GB
2.1 GB
3.1 GB
4.3 GB
5 GB
6 GB
8 GB
J= Data " ?
< IDE 0(
! W$0 8 )" #
-M ;
0 40pin 0 W$ - 0 G SCSI
IDE
: IBM, Compaq, Poinner, Seagate, Quantium, Maxtor,
O: 40MB, 80MB, 100MB, 240MB, 500MB, 640MB, 1GB, 1.2GB, 2.4GB,
3.2GB, 4.2GB, 6.4GB, 8GB, 10GB, 15GB, 20GB, 30GB, 40GB, , 80GB,
+ Support With Mainboard:
HDD
Mainboard
386
420MB Only
486
4.2GB Only
586
8GB
686
40GB
+ Cache:
'
HDD
1F
" ? 36
#
1MB
<
0( Q ; 36 HDD 8
( # # 3
H6 N 3 - 1 P dI Cache memory ; 36
memory
E ;
; 2MB W$ -E
HDD
HDD
W
Seagate
Seagate
Barracuda
IBM
Maxtor
Seagate
Seagate
Barracuda
IBM Plus
Maxtor Plas
Seagate
Barracuda
Cache
RPM
Type
20GB
1MB
5400
ATA
20GB
1MB
7200
ATA
20GB
20GB
40GB
1MB
1MB
1MB
7200
5400
5400
ATA
ATA
ATA
40GB
1MB
7200
ATA
40GB
40GB
1MB
2MB
7200
7200
ATA
ATA
80GB
2MB
7200
ATA
ATA: Advanced Technology Attachment

+
< : 1F( *
*8
< HDD 0( 4 <= #
board
# " 0( 9
M\ - HDD > < 1F SCSI, IDE SATA 0( > < - 1" 0 0 7
1F Internal ExternalE W$0 ;
^6
9 M\ - 1 P dI 0
HDD
< IDE W$ -E
W: Y #
*8 <
# O 1F
*8
*8 W
0( ;
H6 N 3 1 dI HDD
W
(* Maxtor, IBM, Seagate, Quantiun, Poinner
- O:
Y #
*8 <
W
# O 1F
*8
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$ *8 3 ' 0( O # HDD
# 400MB ;( # 80GB # PC 300GB #
Server O
*8
O0( Support ; Mainboard # E
- N2 $ : 1F
- 0( HDD ( ) Read/ Write Data I * HDD O
3 #1 RPME 9 M\ - ;
HDD
N2 $ 5400RPM 7200RPME
- Cach memory:
Y #
*8 N2 $ # O 1F
*8 % ; Cach
-M Cach 1F memory 0( 4 .9 4 HDD " ? O 9 M\ - 1
P dI ; HDD Cach memory 1MB, 2MB 4MBE
- Data bus: 1F
N2 0( HDD =J Data ; # Hardware /
*8
3 ' Hardware / .9 Store $ 8I O
3 #1 bitesE
-
+ Test:
- HDD
#1F
*8 Test
# Monitor
+
K:
- Bat Sector
- Setup Windows
- Connect
- Boot
- Scandisk 8 I $8 Message
* Bat Sector
*
,8. Test System 8
5 #
I Prompt C:\
+( ):
(win NT)
* 1F Dr. Hardware
1. / Bad Sector:
36
(-
;
1F
# HDD 1F
8.
# .9 ( - (* :
- Scandisk:
Command
# DOS E O 36
*8 Command
-( N(;
Bad
Sector
( * 1F
*8
Start
up
Disk
O Y # * ; # ,8. CMOS Setup program O & Boot Sequence 4 boot
I Diskette Y # boot # O
*88 *8 Command (*
:
Bad Sector
A:\>scandisk or
A:\>ndd (Norton Disk Doctor)
W$0 8. -1F4 4 $8 " 0
- HDD 0(
W$ -E
Bad Sector
- Format:
A:\>format c:
- DM:
A:\>dm (Disk Manager)
- Fdisk: (Fixed Disk)
A:\>fdisk
( .9 0 Partition 0( Bad $ 6 O
Set Active 4 Partition M,
() E
- Power Quest Partition Magic:

Hide or Delete
5 #:
2. / Detect
-
Option
Support
Data
- Mainboard
- Board
1F
W (* 13 E
HDD:
*8(*
board
I Prompt C:\ , Format

- * Platter ( 1, 8. ( - )E
4. / Set up windows b ^ #
* :
< 1 ) Mainbooard
3. / Boot
iv.) FDD and FD:
HDD
, Fdisk
0(
"
Head, Sector, Cylinder
1F
43 .9
0( 4 .9 ( R ( # *
W $ ) !" O 8 !
3 ' I FD(Diskette)E FFD or Diskette S )!
; (External
Memory)
# Store *8G 8 7 < 1F:
- Floppy Disk 1.22MB 1F Diskette 0( 4 Y6
3' "
1.22MB
3' "
1.44 MB
+
Format Floppy Disk
' (* :
Format Floppy Disk (* ;
Format Hard Disk 0( E
0(
#
Format 1F #
)# #
4 ( $G
; 0 3 / Sector #M
Disk
8IE
Y #
Disk
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668...
Year
78
82
88
90
95
98
2000
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a System File
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' U Input Output
( # $ %& ' O = R ,8.
3 ' 0( Q ; 4
36 Hardware memory
chip (*
ROM (Random Only Memory) EPROM O;M FirmwareE Firmware
#
Signal ( #
) 8 Hardware and SoftwareE 0 BIOS ^ .9 4
Hardware
'U
)! 5 #13
(
13 $ 9 #13 E (* Computer
Hardware and Software
-M
0 Hardware 9- Software
- 8 " ( 4 ( ;"
E
; 36 Computer
dI
Software
# H& 36 Chip
( N4
5 # *8 Hardware - Software # H& ( N " # *8 Software or
Program - ( (*
Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Office ( E
;
! "#$% &
( O M Computer S )! 4 * % W 0(
Q<
4Q
!(!
# # ; # $ * <
* E
9 M\ - Y 0 1 #
0 3 4 # $ U 0 *8 $ %& '
( #
1 #1 # 1 8
Internet
E-mail
% 48
O- ( E
!0(
#$M # #
#
- 7 #1FW
a O - 36 Y6 Data 36 Hard Disk "
" *
a N2 Processor #0
N2 2
" # ; ,8.0( "
H& 8 E
< ' ( ' ) ! "#$% &
$
* ; .9
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# Hardware /
.9
(*8 # K # $ %& ' 4 " ? *8( ) ( * #8
M ; 0(
#
$ %& ' O $ 0( 8 I *8 Windows Version )
- 8 .9 W$ , ) # E
- )
#8 ; 0(
8
(* :
% # Hardware PC (Personal
Computer) Program Boot 0(
Q ; 36 ROM
% Drive A: ( N 4 ( M
Floppy Disk R4 #:
Floppy Disk ; 36 Drive A: 8
*8 File System +, IO.sys and MS-DOS.sys 0(
Files 4 4
$ %& ' )
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% Hard
Disk Drive C:
Files System
" 0 BIOS ( # 4 8 Boot I CDROME
% dIM 1, Files System ; Drive )
- Program Boot
I Message Error No System or Invalid SystemE
b.) Y # dIM Disk )
System Files O Boot Program
3'
0( Y6 ; 36 Sector
# Disk O # 3 ' - ; 36
(! # # 36 RAM
O V 36 3 ' - P DOS Boot Record E DOS Boot Record 10 0
dI8 ; 36 (* / 3 ; Disk 0( *8" Formatted E Boot Record 8 $ O 0O
512 bytes 0( 1 #
# # Y$ *8 Hidden Files
E Y # BIOS Boot Program
" Y6 boot Record in Memory < Hexadecimal 0( Address 7C00E
c.) Boot Record 1 # 1
PC O Y6 IO.sys ; 36 RAME IO.sys Files
Extension ; 36 ROM BIOS O 10 0 O;8 M SYSINIT 0(
43
*8 Boot Up
Y # Y6 IO.sys Boot Record 8 0 " # O O *8"
(
Ram Code
E
d.) SYSINIT
# 1 #1
#
# Processor Y6 File
MS-DOS.sys ; 36 RAME File MS-DOS.sys .9
BIOS ( N
Files )
Program
L
; Signal 0(
Hardware
/E
e.) SYSINIT 0 9
36 Root Directory Disk 0( " Boot *8 File Config.sys
Config.sys File
SYSINIT " # MS-DOS.sys ( N )
=
E Config.sys
File 0(
*8 P
( 43 " #E
f.) SYSINIT " # MS-DOS.sys ( N Y6 File Command.comE File
Command.com
>0 3 E 0 3
0 Q *8 $ Input/OutputE 0 3 - *8" Y6
; 36 Memory
BIOS
O "
03
'U
E0 3 7 #
Command.com
= 36 (Internal DOS Command) (* Dir, Copy, TypeE
a.) POST (Power On Self Test):
03 >
0!
" - # E 0 3 -1F0 9
Root Directory
# Files Autoexec.batE File - *8" P ( User O 36
File b DOS batch files command name of program 0( User # 4 8
) ; 0( Computer boot O Y # User 4 " # *8 Program
-" E
ga *+ , Hardware -./' 0 "#$% & 1 23
03
8 Hardware and Software P " Computer. Hardware
-8
43 ) # 4 Software
)
8 " 8 S )!
) 0( 4 #8 "
O 4 8
(N 4 )
#
4 +, -8 M
HardwareE O Software
,8.0(
8
H& ; 36 Hardware 0(
0 *8 <
# 4 ; ' U Code 0( 8 4 #" O
# 4
U #
#" 8I
1)
#E
* ;
;
PC
12 0( 4 4 ) "
Hardware
#/(*
:
a
a
a
a
Command.com
*8"
Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse
System Unit
= 1
! Hardware 2 !/ 5
( O M computer 4 ( ) " -$ 0
84 "
*8
W$0 $
.9
- ! *8( 4
#
Hardware
/ 0( E
; - D6
8*
# Hardware / K I * (*
:
b.) Monitor :
1F S )! # K I V 0( 4 4
dI ; 0( $ .9
$ %& ' E % =
3' 4
dI ; 4 # monitor (*
,< 0(
4 $8 R8 H& E monitor 0 I
< 1F:
,;
- Monochrome (
)
- Polychrome (RGB)
O(*
14, 15, 17, 19, 21 inchs

b.) Keyboard :
1F S )! # H& V 0( I I # O <= # ; $ %& ' E

43 " #4 8
H& 3 '
R % =
- KeyboardE O keyboard
*8" 10 I A0 3 1F:
- 0 3
: Standard Key 0( 8
#8 H& *8 #4
`
0( (* A-Z, 0-9, O ~!@#$%^&*(){}[].<>?\ /-_+=`,:;| , Tab, Caps
Lock, Shift, Ctrl, Alt, Stat, Back Space, Enter and NewE
- 0 3 7: Arrow Key 8 Key 0(
; - Standard Key Numeric KeyE 8
# .9
Cursor
$- L9 E
- 0 3 >: Numeric Key 0( 8
Key
# .9 8 *8
4 .9 (* Arrow Key
Function Key 0( E
4 " #8 " $- 0
$ Num lock
E
0 3 @: Function Key
Key 0(
8 (* F1, F2, F3, , F12E
- 0 3 A: External Key 0( 8
(* :
+ Print Screen SysRq: 8
# .9
+ Pause Break:
# .9 ? #
) 8 ( ) 8I< E
+
Insert:
# $ *84 0( ;
;
4
(Overwrite)E
+ End:
# .9 Cursor ; $ Y
+ Home:
# .9 Cursor
(
.9 8
*8
M *8 * < 0(
,<
-
KI ;
)
Cursor
0(
Command
Monitor
W-
Key
"
#E
Y #E
c.) Mouse :
1F S )! # H& V 0( 0( 14 8 ( N #
R
#49
(Item)
; 4 E# 8 +, -0 - ( 0 8 *
( 13 ; 9 )6 E
Y6 08 0( 0
<# = # ;
System
UnitE
9 M\ - ( 0 8 %
# 2 2
< Mouse -4 # 0 E
d.) System Unit :
1F )6 *8 #S )! Hardware 4 #0( Q ; 36
System Case
i.) System Case:
4 # R Case E S )! # .9 Y6 *8 # 12 S )! Hardware
#/ # .9 4 Computer ) E System Case *8" <= #
*8 Power
Supply 0(
43 0 0 *8 415 ; 4 0 3 /
System Unit
* (N
4 03
- ) " E 8 1F S )!0( " # *8 L # AC(110V, 220V,
230V) O 0
;
# DC(12V, 5V, 3V,) 0(
;
< )V0
/(* : 5V, 8 12V, O +5V, * +5V, ,; 0V, 2 +12VE
O 1" 0 0 8 I 7 < 1F AT ATXE
+AT 1F
< Power Supply b # 0(
Connecter
71F P8 P9
# .9 <= # ; MainboardE
- P8
0 )V O > ,;7
- P9
0 )V ,;7 8 O
2
*
- <= # 8 P8 and P9 ; Mainboard 1 1( #0 )V ,; 4 ; ) E
+ ATX 1F
< Power Supply b M, (
P1
Connecter
# .9 <= # ; Mainboard 0( P1
7]0 0( 36 - 1 P dI )V
,;f O @ * > 2
- 9
8
E
1F
ii.)Mainboard or Motherboard:
Y- 190( . 1 Q ; 36 System Unit 8 (

W # # .9 1 #
= ; #S )! Hardware 0( " <= # 8 0( 4 4 S )! )
13
$ 9 #13 E 1" .9 0 0 Mainboard I 7 < 1F Board
( #
Board
#E Mainboard 1 P dI W # (* Intel Gigabyte,
1F
Gigabyte, Azza, IBM, Excel 2000, VIA, Intel Desktop, .

+ Ports :
- Ps/2 Ports:
#<= # Mouse
Keyboard
- USB Ports(Universal Serial Bus):

USB Hardware
#<= #
External Hardware
/0(
- Serial Ports:
- Parallel Ports(LPT1, LPT2):
#<= # Printer or Lab ling
+ Slots and Socket :
0 I 7 < 1F Simm DimmE Simm 1F

08 >] ; f7 Pin O ( # 1*/E Dimm 1F <
08 08 Bg PinE
- RAM Slots:
,;
0(
Slots 0(
Slots
* ;
* ;
)V
)V
- PCI Slots(Peripheral Component Interconnected):
08
#(
- ISA Slots(Industrial Standard Architecture):
1F
08 08
Card
Card
#(
/
- CPU Slots:
<
0(
)V
VGA Card, Sound Card, TV Card, Network Card, USB

PCI Card
Card
1F
0(
<
<
Slots
0(
)V ,; O
VGA Card, Sound Card, TV Card, Network Card, USB Card
0(
<
ISA Card
- CPU Socket:
- AGP Slots(Accelerate Graphic Port):
)V * *
PCI
#(
1F
<
VGA Card
- IDE Connectors(Integrated Drive Electronic):
Data IDE
* ;
@] PinE
Slots
% W 0(
b ^ #E
71F IDE1
IDE2
PCI
#<= #
W$0
_)-(*
W$0
Zip DriveE
- FDC Connectors(Floppy Drive Connector):
# ( 0 Data # Floppy Drive

- Power Connectors:
7 < 1F AT ATX
O
Pin
IDE
- ROM BIOS(Read Only Memory Basic Input Output System):
Signal
)
0(
"
Hardware
34
#1 #1
$ 9 #13 ( Y6 *8 8, .
- Battery CMOS:
/( N4 8 )
IDE
*8 # 0 0
/4 $
#( E
Mainboard :
: Intel Gigabyte, Gigabyte, AZZA, AMD, ACCER, IBM, Intel Desktop,
: P2, P3, P4,

- Model: P4 815EPX, P4 865BS4, P4 875PX,
- Bus Speed:
- Hardware: Slots and Ports,

+
36
Test
Test
Mainboard :
Mainboard
1F
M
*8 .9
Test
(*
Ports
Slots
Port and
( .9 ( *8 S# )!
4 # ; 8
8 0( ( ; 8 <; Mainboard)E
+
K:
- ( S
)!)
; Slots or Ports (
-
Monitor
- Setup Program
+
()-
^ #/ ( F
:
# Mainboard
Hardware
Slots
W$0 *8 4
-(
(
Support
% S )! -M 8 *8
Board R : O % W
S )! - " (
( R :
% ; K 0( # ;
Monitor (*
VGA, RAM, CPU
0 Signal
Monitor
1F MonitorE
$ ( # # Mainboard -M - Setup *8 Windows Version ^ # *
)
" W $ ( R ! Board - SupportE
+
8 :
- $S O! ( -(* S
)! ; Mainboard 0( 8 ) 4 * R " # 0( 4 4 *
( # Mainboard R " 36 UpgradeE
O *8( < I
% #S )! 4 #0( ( 8 1F *8 4 Support 8
*8( M #S )! 4 # *8 $ 36 $)K<
) 0( W IW
W- 5 R. #S )!.\ #/ 8 E
-
iii.)HDD(Hard Disk, Hard Disk Drive, Hard Drive) :
4 -9 " E 8
.9 Y6 8* V
4 # # ComputerE 8 6= (Track) # .9 Read and Write Data *
I
HDD
O Y6 3 ' "
* $ 4 RAME O 8 4 $ ` 4
.9 O; 3 '
8I ; M\ " E
HDD
1F 0 3
Computer
+ Basic Component of HDD:
0(
4 P
OE W$0
( O* ( # H6 N 3
. $ #8 ;0
P dI HDD
_)-(* /13 0(
_)- $ /13
. $
-
: Platter, Spindle, Read/Write Head, IE, Air Filter, Logic Board and
E
- Platter: 1F Rigid Disk 0(
(
Metal or Plastic 8 1F
Y-0( 4 8
$8I 8 36 0 ( Spindle O
# .9 Y6 *8 V E
- Spindle: 1F
3& F ($ )
# .9 4 Platter 8 $8I J 8 4 # 36 0 (* /
13 E
- Read/Write Head: 1F (
#4 8 .9
;
#
Y # Platter /E Read/Write Head 4 .9 M
( N2 2 8
- Platter $ ) ( #0
;
-8 .9 )
Y PlatterE 8
-4 .9 4 8 # " 1 # # 4 # Y PlatterE
- IE(Integrated Electronic or Head Actuator): 1F 43
0
= I Computer
43 #( 4 ;( # 1 # # 1 #
4 # ; Y Platter * E
- Air Filter: 1
# I % # I HDDE
- Logic Board: 1F 43 1 #
= ;
. $ 4 # # HDDE
Connectors
- Connectors:
* Power Connector:
415 4
HDD
* Jumper:
* IDE Connector:
Board
1 P dI
# .9 <= # ;
HDD
>1F:
Connectors
Connector
# Power Supply ( N #M
* E
# .9 ; ) 0( <= # HDD
# .9 <= # ; Connector IDE 0
12
Data
H& 13 E
8
HDD
Main
E
56 *
# HDD *8" 1 4 +, -M FormattingE Formatting '

M
4 HDD 1F4 $ ` 4
4
Files *
; Platter #8 4
4
O;
" #" ;
E HDD *8" 1
_)-7 1F
Logical Formatting
Physical FormattingE
+ Physical Formatting:
8* 0 .9 Format HDD 0(
_)- Physical Formatting
R ! 4 O; % W M Low level Formatting
-M 0(
.90 -1F8
4 P
# Y6 G * / > 1F Tracks, Sectors CylindersE
- Tracks: 1F 4'
R ! 4 P # R ! 1 &8 # 4
* ; 03
Platter
# HDD 8
_)-(* Record Compact DiskE Tracks *8" # # ] (
# # 01 Platter ;E Tracks 8 " P *8 # # Y6 G * / ; 36 - 0(
4 +, -M SectorsE
- Sectors: 1F
# * / Q ; Tracks # Y6 G E
- Cylinders: 1
6 H& 13 Tracks
0( Q ;
,/13 4'
$
Tracks
/ . ; Y- # Platter HDDE
+ Logical Formatting:
Y #
8* .9 Format
0(
Format
- 4 +, -M Logical FormattingE 0(
.9 Logical Formatting
1 ' M
0
# 4 File System Q ; 4 $ ` 4 OS )
)
8 " (* OS Windows, Linux ( E OS
- *8"
$ ; 1
# DiskzE OS 13 " # *8 File System 13 0( (* - dIM <
Logical Formatting 1F .9 ;
OS 0(
$ InstallE
HDD
.9
Physical Formatting
( # (*
W $ IBM PC ;L3 hg ( # H6 N 3 1 P
dI HDD 0 I 7 < 1F IDE SCSI 0( ; 36 < IDE 1 P dI
< ATAE
+
.
IDE(16, 32 bits)
100 MB
130 MB
400 MB
500 MB
550 MB
800 MB
1.2 GB
2.1 GB
3.2 GB
4.3 GB
- SCSI
1F
<
0( 4
9 M\ - $ U0
HDD
Mainboard
50-68pin
+
+
<
HDD
SCSI(64 bits)
1000 MB
1.2 GB
2.1 GB
3.1 GB
4.3 GB
5 GB
6 GB
8 GB
J= Data " ?
< IDE 0(
! W$0 8 )" #
-M ;
0 40pin 0 W$ - 0 G SCSI
IDE
: IBM, Compaq, Poinner, Seagate, Quantium, Maxtor,
O: 40MB, 80MB, 100MB, 240MB, 500MB, 640MB, 1GB, 1.2GB, 2.4GB,
3.2GB, 4.2GB, 6.4GB, 8GB, 10GB, 15GB, 20GB, 30GB, 40GB, , 80GB,
+ Support With Mainboard:
Mainboard
HDD
386
420MB Only
486
4.2GB Only
586
8GB
686
40GB
+ Cache:
'
HDD
1F
" ? 36
#
1MB
<
memory
E ;
; 2MB W$ -E
HDD
0( Q ; 36 HDD 8
( # # 3
H6 N 3 - 1 P dI Cache memory ; 36
HDD
W
Seagate
Seagate
Barracuda
IBM
Maxtor
Seagate
Seagate
Barracuda
IBM Plus
Maxtor Plas
Seagate
Barracuda
Cache
RPM
Type
20GB
1MB
5400
ATA
20GB
1MB
7200
ATA
20GB
20GB
40GB
1MB
1MB
1MB
7200
5400
5400
ATA
ATA
ATA
40GB
1MB
7200
ATA
40GB
40GB
1MB
2MB
7200
7200
ATA
ATA
80GB
2MB
7200
ATA
ATA: Advanced Technology Attachment

+
< : 1F( *
*8
< HDD 0( 4 <= #
board
# " 0( 9
M\ - HDD > < 1F SCSI, IDE SATA 0( > < - 1" 0 0 7
1F Internal ExternalE W$0 ;
^6
9 M\ - 1 P dI 0
HDD
< IDE W$ -E
W: Y #
*8 <
# O 1F
*8
*8 W
0( ;
H6 N 3 1 dI HDD
W
(* Maxtor, IBM, Seagate, Quantiun, Poinner
- O:
Y #
*8 <
W
# O 1F
*8
*8 O ( N .9 Store
$ *8 3 ' 0( O # HDD
# 400MB ;( # 80GB # PC 300GB #
Server O
*8
O0( Support ; Mainboard # E
- N2 $ : 1F
- 0( HDD ( ) Read/ Write Data I * HDD O
3 #1 RPME 9 M\ - ;
HDD
N2 $ 5400RPM 7200RPME
- Cach memory:
Y #
*8 N2 $ # O 1F
*8 % ; Cach
-M Cach 1F memory 0( 4 .9 4 HDD " ? O 9 M\ - 1
P dI ; HDD Cach memory 1MB, 2MB 4MBE
- Data bus: 1F
N2 0( HDD =J Data ; # Hardware /
*8
3 ' Hardware / .9 Store $ 8I O
3 #1 bitesE
-
+ Test:
,8. Test System 8
* 1F Dr. Hardware
- HDD
#1F
*8 Test
- Scandisk 8 I $8 Message
* Bat Sector
# Monitor
+
K:
- Bat Sector
- Setup Windows
5 #
- Connect
- Boot
(win NT)
I Prompt C:\
+( ):
1. / Bad Sector:
36
(-
;
1F
# HDD 1F
8.
# .9 ( - (* :
- Scandisk:
Command
# DOS E O 36
*8 Command
-( N(;
Bad
Sector
( * 1F
*8
Start
up
Disk
O Y # * ; # ,8. CMOS Setup program O & Boot Sequence 4 boot
I Diskette Y # boot # O
*88 *8 Command (*
:
Bad Sector
A:\>scandisk or
A:\>ndd (Norton Disk Doctor)
W$0 8. -1F4 4 $8 " 0
- HDD 0(
W$ -E
Bad Sector
- Format:
A:\>format c:
- DM:
A:\>dm (Disk Manager)
- Fdisk: (Fixed Disk)
A:\>fdisk
( .9 0 Partition 0( Bad $ 6 O
Set Active 4 Partition M,
() E
- Power Quest Partition Magic:

Hide or Delete
5 #:
2. / Detect
-
Option
Support
Data
- Mainboard
- Board
O
3. / Boot
1F
W (* 13 E
HDD:
*8(*
board
I Prompt C:\ , Format
HDD
, Fdisk
0(
"
Head, Sector, Cylinder
-*
1, 8. ( - )E
4. / Set up windows b ^ #
* :
< 1 ) Mainbooard
Platter (
iv.) FDD and FD:
1F
43 .9
0( 4 .9 ( R ( # *
W $ ) !" O 8 !
3 ' I FD(Diskette)E FFD or Diskette S )!
; (External
Memory)
# Store *8G 8 7 < 1F:
3' "
1.22MB
3' "
1.44 MB
+
Format Floppy Disk
' (* :
Format Floppy Disk (* ;
Format Hard Disk 0( E
0(
#
Format 1F #
)# #
4 ( $G
; 0 3 / Sector #M
Disk
8IE
Y #
Disk
0( "
Format
O G 0( ; 36 - *8" # # $ E
M - Floppy Disk or Hard Disk
# .9 Format 4 "
E (* 3- " # *8 Format 8
4 " #" E W$0 ( # - 1 #
< Diskette 4 # *8" 1 Formated
(N
( #43 " # - 1 #
W $ 4 # *8 FFD (* /13 0( Support Diskette < 1.44MBE
FDD
Remove able Drive
Format Floppy Disk
4 .9 Format Diskette "

1F
- DOS O
- Windows
ExplorerE
- DOS: 1F 8* * ; # ,8. DOS O Y # Command Prompt 8 *8
Command (*
C:\> Format A:
Y #
- W $ ( ) Format Diskette O* ( # # W$0 Diskette * 8 4 Format "

E
- Windows Explorer: 1F
*8 * ; # Windows Explorer Y # Right
Click
3 / Floppy(A) O Click Format O Click StartE 8 4 Format " 0
Diskette 0( 4
" W$ - - Diskette 0( * 8 4 Format " E
+ 0M
Floppy Disk
( O M
Diskette
! ) #(*
4
3' "
; O #8 O 8 4 .9 Disk System or Startup Disk
" 0( 8
U< 4 .9
$
Computer" E
O $(* - O
4 #13 1 N *80M 8 4 " ( ( #(* :
- $ $ 8 ; 0 0(
0( W IW ( 0 N 4 .$ " # 0( L # * '
Y )
- $( #8 ; 0
)
- $S O! .9 Format 8
- $O*
Y- Diskette $- *8( #8 ; 0
$)K< . ,
- *8S O! .9 Scandisk
*8( Diskette I FFD ; 8 $ ( ) Read or Write
Enter
v.)Memory(RAM): Random Access Memory:
0(
# 1 63 Computer 1F RAM 8
4#
-4 3
; 36 )0(
" # Computer O V
-8 *8 $ I ; ) 0(
ComputerE
9 M\ - 1 dI Memry
< 1F Simm DimmE
- Simm (Single Inline Memory Module): 1F
< RAM b # Memory Module
0(
08 30 ; 72pins W$ -E 1 .9 ( 8 ; < board b #0(
Slot
< Simm 36 ( 1F 1 ( 8 36 $ @A] O ( 1* /E
- Dimm (Double Inline Memory Module): 1F
< RAM b M, Memory Module
* ;8
08 08
Simm 1F ( # ; 168pins 1 .9
( 8 ; board
]
b M,0( Slot Dimm O ; 36 ( 1 ( 36 $ h] E
36
RAM
<
1" .9
; b
# #8
E
$
H6 N 3 - ;
1 dI Memory B < 0( " # ; b board /:
- SRAM (Static RAM): 8 *8"
" # Cache Memory ; 36 ComputerE Cache
Memory
8
36
" #G
E
RAM
< - *8"
; " # ; board b #/1F 386, 486, 586E
- DRAM (Dynamic RAM): RAM
< -8
_)- ( ; Cache Memory
0( 1F8 " #
# ( # RAME
' $ 1
-8 ; < W $ W
NEC
#
W$ E ! W$0
# 9 M\ - 1 $0(
-8 E
RDRAM
(Ram
bus
Dynamic
RAM):
1F <
RAM
0( 1
-8 ; W $ b _ # W*0( M,/ 0(
N2 2 E
- EDODRAM (Extended Data Out Dynamic RAM): 1F
< RAM
0(
N2 2 DRAM 1
-8 ; < board PIIE
Memory
SDRAM
(Synchronous
0( 1 " #
board PIIIE
-
Dynamic
# 9 M\ - O 8
DDRRAM:
1 .9 ( 8 ;
;( # 0( E W$0
+
1F
<
RAM
board PIV
Support
N2 2
$
1F
RAM):
<
1 ? # 1
E ! $0W < board PIV

#8 1F < DDRRAME
<
EDODRAM
$
1 4!
Memory
9 M\ -(18-2-2005)
< SDRAM
<
: Simm & Dimm

- Series : SRAM DDRRAM
8 <; Mainboard
- Support :
-
W : King stone, IBM, Hyundai,

O : 16, 32, 64, 128, 256MB for Dimm & 80, 90MB for Simm
- Speed : MHz for Dimm & NS for Simm

- for Lab top or Desktop
+ Test :
S )!
test RAM: Memory tester

- for user : use 48h
+
-
Monitor
R *
# O*
Monitor
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a System File
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Windows:
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9x (95, 98, 98se)
Me
2K (2000 pro, 2000 Adv)
Xp (2002)
2003
Install Windows
)! 36
Setup
- Windows 98 63 Setup 1F 4 Setup "

1F :
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3-Install VGA, Sound, Printer and Add New Hardware

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Sound, Video and game controllers
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;
Setup
Diskette
$ -1F8 4
$
R ! Path
8 ()
*8 <
Driver
O $ Browse ( N .9
/ 2 0( " $ 8 $ OK# I *
Have Disk
Setup
O* ( # #
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Sound
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*8 Driver I
# .9
CD,
Finish
+ Setup Printer
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# 5 1# 3 <
1F
*8 .9
Setup 8 0M
E
;
< # PrinterE Printer
-8
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#8 Auto run
( # CD Driver
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* ; Add
- Control PanelE (
Setup
VGA,
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" KI
Control
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-1F Setup Printer HP Laser Jet 1100
- CD
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( * ;
Setup 8
$ %& ' 8
Auto run:
- ( #
-
CD Driver
Printer HP Laser Jet 1100
-8 # 4 O I * (*
Y # $ Install Your HP Laser Jet 1100 Software
; 36
CD-ROM
#/
4
Setup Office and Install All Font
a.) Install Microsoft Office
+ What is MS Office?
+ How many program are on MS Office?
+ Version of MS Office?
+ How to Setup MSOffice 2003 full and complet?
+ How many Windows (what is windows?) that you can setup MS
Office 2003?
Microsoft
Office
1F
,8.
Office
0( *8"
$ Ob$
Microsoft
Microsoft Office
,8.
; 36 -(*
= MS Word
= MS Excel
= MS Access
= MS Power Point
= MS Front Page
= MS Outlook
= MS Publisher
-
Version of Microsoft Office
= MS Office 97
= MS Office 2000
= MS Office Xp and 2002
= MS Office 2003
-
(N
O
Setup MS Office 2003

Setup
MS
( #8 * ; 36
Office
CD-ROM
2003
1F
*8
-8 Auto run O
CD
Office
Y (*
2003
:
*8
; Y
O* ( #8 ( )
*88
#O I Y
(*
H& *8 Product Key O $
Next >
*8 H& *8 User name, Initials and Organization Y # $
Next>
; # $ -1F $ 0( 1 *8 4
4 *8 license agreement # ,8.E
0W$
# 4 ! 40( 1F 1 #0 Tick ; 0 I accept the terms in
the license agreement ( N
*8 ) # ,8. Y # $ Next>
; Y -1F
*8 .9
*8 < 36 Install
0( *8
< Install
*8
Custom Install
-M 4
Option ( N Install (
J G E - 1F
*8 ;
#8 1F C:\ Program File\ Microsoft Office Y # $ Next>
; # $ -1F
*8
*8 ,8. # MS Office 0(
O
Tick
; # Choose advanced customization
(N
*8 Setup Complete Y # $ Next>
# .9
Install
E
*8
Default
Srtup
of application
Next>
Install
*8 8 ( )
O* ( # #
-8
IY
(*
$
-
Finish
( N H # *8
Setup
Setup Microsoft Office 2003
Windows 2000 Professional,
- Windows 2000 Professional

2000 Advance server 1F
8* Setup Service Pack3 $ $
Setup Microsoft Office 2003 W$0
- Windows Xp 8I " # E
2000 Advance Server
Windows Xp
b.) Install all Font
*8 Install Font (* font 0 , 4 # 1 ( E ( N

Install Font
*8 Font 0(
# Install ; 36 CD or Path
) ; 36 W $ E
Font Q ; 36 CD
*8( # CD 36 CD-ROM
Y # $ Start Setting Control Panel Fonts - Windows 98
2000 G Windows Xp 1F Start
Control Panel
Appear and Theme
Font (* *
Setup Office
Font
I *8 Y (* *
Y #
File
Install New Font
-8
IY
(*
; # 0 Drives 1F ( N
Drive 0( font Q ;
; # 0 Folders *8 $ ; 4 ( # 0 0( Font Q ;
*8 4 dIM Tick ( ) ; 0 Copy font to Font folder
File font
I ; 36
List of Fonts
4 # O *8 $
Select All
(* *
Y # $ OK
; 0( 8 Install # 4
" # Font Khmer
5-
,8.
# Install font " E

Install 4
) ? 1# <
Windows
Font
84
; 0(
K (*
Khmer
0( 8
Setup Windows
Install
I ( E -1F )
K W 1F:
" ) # Keyboard Layout
United States- International
(
(* -
a.)
+
( R ( ? R 1, Nomal.dot
; K
-4 "
*8(*
4 ; United States- International
File Normal. dot
*8 .9 ( -
0 Keyboard Layout
- Windows 9x
*8 * Start > Setting > Control Panel
Double Click
Keyboard
Y # $
Language button
Change button
Add button
Tick Keyboard Layout/IME
(*
$
+
OK > Apply > OK
- Windows Xp
*8 *
Start > Control Panel > Date, Time, Language and Regional
Option
>Regional
and
Language
Options
;
*
Y $ (*
$ b* $
Language
" * (*
Y # $ b* $
1F
*8 %
*8 O
" (* *
Details
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8
E 0W$
United
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8* $
Add
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"
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"
OK
) 0( 0 United States- International O Remove

8
7(
# 0 " # #0 United States- International 0 E Y #
Apply > OK
E
b.) 0
Normal. dot 0(
*8
*8
Copy
Normal.
Dot
W $ 0( ( ) ( " O
;( # ; W $ # ; Path #
Version of Windows and Office (*
:
+
- Office 97 F Office 2000
Keyboard
- Windows 9x
*8 Copy Normal. Dot ( # 36
C:\Windows\Application Data\ Microsoft\
Templates\ Normal. Dot
Application Data
Files
4 #(*
dI
*8
(* *
( N KI
Start > Setting >Folder Option
Folder Option
-Y
Folder Option
View tab
Show all files
(*
$ Apply > OK
4
0 0( *8( # Normal. Dot (* ;
(*
,8. Microsoft Word ; Menu bar $
> File Allocation (* *
Tool > Option
$ JY / User Templates 8
#( # Normal. Dot (
K I Dialog box O 4
Mouse ; $
4 # Look in (* *
Path
Windows 2000, Xp
C:\Document and Settings\ Administrator\
Application
Data\ Microsoft\ Templates\ Normal. Dot
Note:
43
User Accounts
Y # J *8 &
Administrator
; Account
#43 8IE
4
0 0( *8( # Normal. Dot (* ;:
(*
,8. Microsoft Word ; Menu Bar $ * Tool >Option
$ b* $ File Allocation > 4* )$ ; $ YJ / User Templates (* *
- 4
Look in (* *
dI
Path
#( #
Normal. Dot
)6 ; $
4#
- Office Xp
1 # Windows
C:\ Program File\ Microsoft
Office\ Office 10\ Normal. dot

6- Setup and Using Power Quest Partition Magic
,8. Power Quest Partition Magic

-
View information of partition

Browse partition
Resize/Move partition
Copy partition
Create partition
Delete partition
Undelete partition
Label partition
Format partition
Convert partition
Merge partition
Split partition
Properties partition
Check for errors partition
Windows check disk
,8.
#:
Windows defragmenter
Change drive letter
Bad sector retest
Hide partition
Set active for partition
Resize clusters
8, . Power Quest Partition Magic ,8.

0( E W$0 8 $ Fdisk #M 8 Option
Windows 0 Fdisk ( )
36 DOSE
a.)
# .9
Partition
Fdisk
O 8()
(*
Fdisk
Setup
*8( # CD 0(
,8. Power Quest Partition Magic * 63 Drive CDROM O
* Windows Explorer O * ; # Drive # CD-ROM
O
,8. - O Double Click 8
-8 I(* *
Double Click
Serial Number
O 8
I(*
*8 Copy *8
Click
-$ O
# ,8. O 8 I(* *
Serial Number
AUTORUN
Partition Magic
Menu
03
L9 8
I(* *
8I Y #
Double
Install
8 ( ) (* *
8()
Next>
#8
Serial Number
I *8 Y
(*
I(* *
#4
I *8 User Name, Company Name
*8 I +, - User Name O ( # Cursor ; 0 Serial Number O $

Ctrl+V ( N Paste *8 Serial Number 0(
" Copy 8 $
$ Setup
G # 0 Company Name " # I !" 0( E
Next>
IY
License Agreement
(*
Default
Yes
(N
; # $ -1F8 4
#80 ( $
4 # # ,8. O 8
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I Y (*
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)# ;
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( N4
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0(
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K I *8 $
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#4
Custom
36
1F K I *8 Folder 0( Y6
8 ()
Yes
Setup
Program
O* ( # # I Y (*
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! IY
(*
; Y -8
Diskette W$0
Yes
H& 8* Diskette blank

" (# # "! 0( ( 1 #0 $ Cancel 8
I Y (*
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(N H#
Setup
b.) Using Power Quest Partition Magic
(N P
I(* *
Rescue
; 36
,8.
Power
#4
Quest
.9
Partition
" # 0( 0(
Magic
Option
- (*
Option
:
a. Resize/Move Partition
# .9
Option
- O
# & *8 O #
Partition
*8
Select
Partition
Right
Click
Patition
Resize/Move
(* *
Y # 8 I(* *
M,E ( N4 $8 ! *8
0(
# .9 Resize
#
4 .9
# & O Partition " (
; # I ; * # Partition !" R ! 4 ) # O ; 0
Size !" E O $ OK
Mouse
New
b. Create Partition
# .9
Partition
0(
(* *
Space
0(
( N4 $8 ! *8 Option # P Partition O Right Click 8
I Y (*
#E
Partition
"
Remove
*8
Space
Create
*8 ) # *8 File System ; 4 Partition - ; # Partition Type

( # +, - 4 8 ; # Label $ OK
c. Merge Partition
# .9
E
W$0 4 Merge " 0 Partition 0(
file System (* 13 0 W$ ) -E
( N4 $8 ! *8 Option - *8 Partition 2 0(
File System
(* 13 O Right Click Partition ) !"
Merge
(*
Y # 8
IY
H&
Partition
(*
Partition
*8 ) # +3 - 4
Name
$ OK
0(
Partition
Partition
Merge
; #0
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d. Copy a Partition
# .9
;( # ;
Partitio
#
E ( N4 $8 ! *8 Option
- *8 M ; Partition R Hard Disk 0(
$ Copy
;( # - Space 1 # 1 # #( # *8 Partition 0(
*8 Copy
( R E
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.9 Copy " O
*8
$ ; Copy a Partition ; Menu L9 8 I *8 Y (*
Hard
Disk
Y # $
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Disk
I Y (*
*8
*8 Partition )
; Y *8
;( # $ Next >
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0(
Hard Disk
# Copy $
0(
Next >
Copy Partition
( # $ -1F
0( # 4
M,
0(
.9
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; # $ -1F
or
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Drive
( N ) #4
Partition
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# & E Y # $ Next >
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; # $ -1F8 *8 4
Space
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Partition R
Partition !" 0( E Y # Click Next >
$ -1F
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$ ( N4
1F Keep partition size the
same as original
' M $ O Partition 4 ;(* ( Resize
partition to 1F4 4
# & O Partition " W$0 *8 1 ;
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# Partition -E Y # Click Next >
- Y
Finish
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view
I *8 Y
"
*8
Partition
Message
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0(
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Click
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e. Delete Partition
# $
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)
Delete (*
- Select Partition
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I
#
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Hard
Disk
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Y # 8
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(*
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O $
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f. Label Partition
# .9
#&
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4 $8 !(*
- Select Partition
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(*
0(
# #&
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H&"
4 0 W$ ) -E
Click
OK
g. Format Partition
# .9
Format
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# FormatE
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0(
# Format O
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*8 File System ) 0(
# (*
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8
H& *8 Label 0(
#( # W$0 4 8
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E Click OK
Fate32, NTFS
` (*
h. Convert Partition
# .9 0 0 R # & *8 File System 0(

# & Primary to Logical
Logical
Partition
to
" # ; 63
PrimaryE
4 $8 !(*
- Select Partition
0(
Convert
# .9
(* *
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File System
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$ -
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Select Primary Partition
Logical Partition
Select Logical Partition
&
File System
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Convert to
Click OK
i. Hide Partition
# .9
Hard
4 $8 !(*
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Advanced > Hide Partition
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Disk
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= # (*
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W$ , 0( "
- ;
0( 4
" #" ; 36 ,8. -E * .9 8 8 ( J G
Click OK
Option
!!
7- Setup 2 Windows on One Hard Disk and Use 2 Hard Disk for install
Program
( N Setup Windows 2 R !
or Space
Requirement
Setup
1F 4
"
0
4 1 #1 # ;
Hard Disk
/
1F:
*8
Partition
Windows
. , ( Setup Win98 and WinXp)

- Setup . , 1F
*8 Setup Windows ) 0(
Version
* $ E (* - 8* ( # Setup Windows 98 * $ ( .9
Setup
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(
*
K I * *8 Setup )
( # Setup Windows Xp
( 4 Auto run Windows 98
.9 Install dI Dialog box I *
Install New $
Upgrade O .9
0) O* ( # Restart
84
Partition ( N Format
1
Partition
; Partition 0( "
Setup Windows 98
?E .9
0) O* ( # #
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Windows 2 1F Windows 98
Windows XpE O
; 0(
W $
Computer 8
I *8 Menu
#4
.9
*8 Windows
( N " #E
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Setup
7: Setup
,8.
- Setup
,8.1F
" #1 4 Version ) * $ !" 0( E O 8, .0(
# .9 Setup
R ; Hard Disk 0
(* :
k Power Quest Partition Magic 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0
7k System Commander
>k Visual Drive
O ;
,8.
" # 8, . - ( N .9
Windows
*
K I * - * .9 8 8 ( J G E
Setup
Windows 2
Setup
40
COMMAND
command 1F
; command
; Windows Explorer(Windows
9x, 2000 Advance) 0(
,8.
#
# ,8. Drive 4 #0(
; 36
computer
# E command
- (* l
- Find:
# .9 #G
R Folder 0(
*8 E
Copy, Create New Folder:
4 # P *8 Folder M, ( E
1F
# .9 M
Folder
aPropertties: 1F
format: 1F
Sharing:
# # 4
; 1 # Computer
0( " Y6 G
O Drive, Folder, data E
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(*
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E E
) I Network 8
#) # 36 0
3 '
4 #0(
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-8 K I Y ( N 4
.9 ; 8 E
#( # * < ; 36
Customize Folder:
Create Shortcut Drive for send to:

Disk
R ; Floppy Drive... E
Folder
# .9
copy Folder, data

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.....................................................................................................................

Hardware and Software.........................................1

" # $ %& ' ....................................................................1

$ %& ' .............................................27

7: BIOS Setup Program ,8.

)! Upgrade BIOS, CPU, RAM .....................................................42

1- What is Windows? Version of Windows?................................................58

#/ Setup Office and Install All Font....................................89

B: Virus, Anti-Virus and Low-level

8 <; How to Computer Work $ %& ' W $ 4 * (!4 H %

* *8 # ,8. 4 #0( " <= #

5 # *8 Hard Disk R ! CD-

- Main board b /(* 386

H& *8 O Head, Sector

_)- Default 4 Drive A: ( ) $ HE W$0

,8. Clear CMOS

System disk or Startup disk

8. -1F4 $8 "! 0 ; W $ 0( ) # First boot Floppy Disk Drive 0 W$ -E

# CMOS 1F8 4 ' ;

Check SUM Error or CMOS Error

(* - M 0 Upgrade BIOS, CPU, RAM !4 .9 Upgrade

8* HDD <= # ; 0 Data IDE1

Ba Create Disk System

*8 Command Fdisk 4 .9 0 Partition 4 Hard Disk "

Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive

Enter choice: [1]

Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive

Enter choice: [4]

Display Partition Information

Total disk space is 125 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes)

Press Esc to return to FDISK Option

: Delete partition and Logical Drive

" Display *8 Partition Logical Drive O

Delete Logical DOS Drive(s) in the Extended DOS Partition

Total Extended DOS Partition size is 67 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 byte)

Extended DOS Partition

Extended DOS Partition

Delete Logical DOS Drive(s) in the Extended DOS Partition

Total Extended DOS Partition size is 67 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 byte)

: Create DOS Partition and Logical DOS Drive

" $ *8 Partition or Logical Drive 4 # O

Create DOS Partition or Logical DOS Drive

Enter choice: [1]

Press Esc to return to FDISK Option

1. Create Primary DOS Partition:

2. Create Extended DOS Partition:

3. Create Logical DOS Drives(s) in the Extended DOS Partition:

Total disk space is 3079 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes)

Press Esc to return to FDISK Option

Create Extended DOS Partition

Status Type Volume label

Mbytes System Usage

Total disk space is 3079 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes)

Create Extended DOS Partition

Status Type Volume label

Mbytes System Usage

Total disk space is 3079 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes)

Enter partition size in Mbytes or percent of disk space (%) to

Press Esc to return to FDISK Options

Extended Partition Drive D:

Create Logical DOS Drive(s) in the Extended DOS Partition

Enter Logical drive size in Mbytes or percent of disk space(%)[30%]

Set Active Partition

8 Set Active 4 Primary Partition - 8 $ ; 36