Real-Time Monitoring of Inter-area Security in

the Mexican Power System

Victor Ortiz / Carlos Lopez / Laurence Snider
University of Guadalajara

Real Time 2010

Real-Time
June 27-30, 2010
Paris, France

Outline

1
2
3

Introduction

Real Time Security Assessment Simulator

Test Case: Mexican Power System

Conclusions

Introduction

The RT simulators offers opportunities for

applications in security analysis, where RT
simulator offers solution in accelerated time for
multiples contingencies.

In this paper we shall demonstrate the use of a

fully digital RT simulator for the development of a
security analysis tool for use in the control center
of a power system.

The propose in this paper is a RT interchange of

data between the power system and an optimal
power flow program.
3

Power System Security

There are three states of a Power System:

Normal ( Secure and Insecure)

Emergency
Restorative

A system
y
is normal when it satisfies all load
constraints, line flows and voltage magnitudes are
within limits.

On-line Tools requires estate estimator updates.

Methods to evaluate
Steady state security

Apply
A
l load
l d flow
fl
f contingencies
for
ti
i and
d develop
d
l
an
index for each contingent.

Rank order the contingencies and present to

operator.

Our way to find vulnerable sections of the system

is by the use of RT simulator feed OPF.
OPF

How Do We Solve the Problem?

The on-line analyst considers a dynamic power

system model with changes of loads and adjust to
generation by AGC model.

Signals produced to RT simulator are exported to

other PC where run the OPF.

An OPF determines which elements are in-out of

limit conditions.

REAL TIME SECURITY ASSESSMENT (RTSA)

RT-Simulation

Data base of
topology

OPAL RT simulator
Data base
Unit
Commitment
Data base
Load
forecasting

Virtual Power
System Model

Analysis
information

Standard PC
I/O
Channels
OPF Analyzer

Virtual PMU
I/O
Channels

Display alarms
and results

User

Test case: Control Center of Mexico

OPAL-RT produces the power system signals.

The approach provides a solution on-line

on line or accelerated
time.

We consider as contingencies: Load and Generation

changes.

Load consumed is established by Load Forecasting

studies.

Generation is established by
y Unit Commitment and
adjust by AGC model.
8

RTSA, MEXICAN POWER SYSTEM

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

Center
Eastern
Western
Northwest
North
Northeast
Baja California
Peninsular

REPRESENTATION OF MEXICAN POWER SYSTEM

Sl
Slave:
AGC
SS_AGC
P load
ACE
P gen

Nodal Measuments

Nodal Measurements SM

P gen

Nodal measumentes SS

P load

Conn1

Conn1

Conn2

Conn2

SC_SCADA

Conn3

Console: I/O

Conn3

MND

Conn4

Conn4

Conn5

Conn5

ACE

Conn6

PIT

Conn6

Conn7

Conn7

Conn8

Conn8

Conn9

LCP

SM_Machines

Master: Units Generation

Nodal Measuments

Conn9

SS_lines and loads

Slave: Transmission system

10

MODEL FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING TO FEED OPF

Data Information
from SCADA

RTU

OPF analyzer

Display alarms

11

DATA TO RT SIMULATOR
Area Control Error to AGC
N

ACE = PITL8 + Pi ( Pload )

i =1
i=

Unit Commitment

12

RT SIMULATIONS

LOAD INCREMENT 30%

0.5

-0.5

-1
0.47

0.48

0.49

0.5

0.51

0.52

0.53

Time

1.01
Magnitude Voltage(pu)

V o lt a g e (p u )

1.005

0.995

0.99
0.47

0.48

0.49

0.5

0.51

0.52

0.53

0.54

Time

13

POWER OUTPUTS DUE LOAD INCREMENT 30%

160
Active (MW)
Reactive(MVAr)

140

P ower

120

100

80

60

40
0.47

0.48

0.49

0.5

0.51

0.52

0.53

0.54

Time

14

NODAL VOLTAGE 24 HRS

VOLTAGE IN TIME BEHAVIOR

1.08

VO
OLTAGE (pu)

1.06
1.04
1.02
1
0.98
15
25

10

20
15

5
NODES

10
0

5
0
TIME

15

LOAD POWER CONSUMED 24 HRS

LOAD BEHAVIOR

LOAD (MW))
L

400
300
200
100
0
12
10
8
20

6
15

10
2

NODES

5
0

TIME

16

OPF VISUAL SECURITY ASSESSMENT

17

Conclusions

It was presented the use of a RT simulator for

implementation of improved strategies in power
system security assessment.

Virtual PMU's feeds an OPF to provide information

for applications such as wide area protection,
emergency control and system optimization.
optimization

The OPF
conditions.

determines

limits

and

restricted

18

Conclusions
The benefits of using a combined RT simulator and
OPF program include:

Wide-area on-line solution of security assessment

even for very large networks

An improved visualization of the overall state of the

network
t
k

Global security assessment rather than local

local.

19

Future works

Applying an AGC model for small signal perturbations.

Fault contingencies and switching devices as reactors

or capacitors.

Adaptation of a close loop approach.

Evaluation of the effect on transient stability resulting

from the connection of machines.

Dynamic security analysis.

20

Real-Time Monitoring of Inter-area Security in

the
h Mexican
M i
Power
P
System
S
Thanks for your attention
University
y of Guadalajara
j
Dr. Victor Ortiz / Ing. Carlos Lopez / Dr. Laurence Snider
ing_carlos.lopez@hotmail.com

Real Time 2010

Real-Time
June 27-30, 2010
Paris, France