Syllogism - 300: All Sword Being Blades Is A Possibility

[1]
SYLLOGISM - 300
Directions (Q. 1-5): In each of the questions below are given two/three statements followed
by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if
they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide
which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly
known facts. Give answer
if only conclusion I follows.
if only conclusion II follows.
if either conclusion I or conclusion II follows.
if neither conclusion I nor conclusion II foUows.
if both conclusion I and conclusion II follow.
Statements: All blades are sharp.
Some blades are blunt.
No blunt is a sword.
Conclusions: I. All sword being blades is a possibility.
At least some blades may be swords.
Statements: All flowers are white.
Some whites are beautiful.
Conclusions: I. All flowers being beautiful is a possibility.
At least some white may not be flowers.
Statements: All fruits are tasty.
No tasty is good.
All goods are yummy.
Conclusions: I. All yummy things being tasty is a possibility.
All fruits being yummy is a possibility.
Statements: All mangoes are grapes.
Some grapes are black.
Conclusions: I. Some mangoes being black is a possibility.
There is a possibility that some mangoes are not black.
Statements: No book is a pencil.
All pencils are pens.
No pen is blue.
Conclusions: I. No blue is a pencil.
II. All books being pen is a possibility.
Directions (Q. 6-10): In each question below are given two or three statements followed by
two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they
seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and decide which of
the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known
facts. Give answer
if
if
if
if
only conclusion II follows.

either conclusion I or conclusion II follows.
neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows.
both conclusion I and conclusion II follow.
Statements: Some tigers are panthers.

No lion is a tiger.
Conclusions I. Some panthers being lions is a possibility.
Panthers, which are not tigers, being lions is a possibility.
Statements: All doctors are perfect.
All engineers are perfect.
Conclusions I. There is a possibility that some doctors are engineers
[2]
All perfects are either doctors or engineers.
Statements: All eggs are tomatoes.
No tomato is a potato.
All potatoes are goods.
Conclusions I.
Some tomatoes may be goods.
All eggs being goods is a possibility.

Statements: Some dogs are cats.
All animals are cats.
All cats are whites.
Conclusions I. All those dogs which are cats are also whites.
All the animals may or may not be dogs.
Statements: Some golds are silver.
All silvers are white.
No white is a yellow.
Conclusions I. Some golds which are white are not yellow.
II. Some golds being yellow is a possibility.
Directions (Q. 11 - 15): In each question below are given three statements followed by two
conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem
to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of
facts. Give answer
if neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows.
(11-12):
Statements: All stars are moons. All moons are planets. All planets are round.
Conclusions: I. All moons being stars is a possibility.
All stars are round.
Conclusions: I. At least some planets are stars.
All stars if they are moon will be planet.
(13-14):
Statements: All shirts are pants. No pant is trousers. Some jackets are pants.
Conclusions: I. All shirts being jackets is a possibility.
No trousers are shirt.
Conclusions: I. There is a possibility that all shirts are trousers.
All pants being jackets is a possibility.
Statements: Some cakes are pastries. Some breads are pastries.
Conclusions: I. All pastries being cakes is a possibility.
There is a possibility that some cakes are breads.
Directions (Q. 16-20): In each of the questions below are given two or three statements followed
by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they
seem to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions
logically follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Give answer
if either conclusion I or II follows.
if neither conclusion I nor II follows.
if both conclusions I and II follow.
(16-20):
16.
Statements: All princes are kings.

All braves are princes.
Conclusions: I. All princes being brave is a possibility.
No queen is a king.
[3]
At least some kings are brave.
Conclusions: I. A prince can never be a queen.
All those princes who are kings are queens.
(18-20):
Statements: All squares are circles. All circles are triangles. Some rectangles are triangles.
Conclusions: I. All circles being rectangles is a possibility.
Some triangles are squares.
Conclusions: I. All squares being rectangle is a possibility.
At least some rectangles are circles.
Statements: Some flowers are white. No flower is black.
Conclusions: I. No black is white.
All whites being flowers is a possibility.
Directions (Q.21-25) In each question below are two statements followed by two conclusions
numbered I and II. You have to take the two given statements to be true even.if they seem to be at
variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically
follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer (1) if only conclusion I follows.
Giveanswer (2) if only conclusion II follows.
Give answer (3) if either conclusion I or II follows.
Give answer (4) if neither conclusion I nor II follows.
Give answer (5) if both conclusions I and II follow
Statements : All graphics are designs. All patterns are designs.
Conclusions : I. Atleast some designs are graphics.
No pattern is a graphic.
Statements : All leaves are roots. Some leaves are branches.
Conclusions : I. Some branches are not leaves.
Atleast some roots are branches.
Statements : All toys are gifts. No toy is a reward.
Conclusions : I. Atleast some rewards are gifts.
All gifts are toys.
Statements : Some kings are emperors. No ruler is a king.
Conclusions : I. No ruler is an emperor.
Atleast some rulers are emperors.
Statements : No wish is a demand. All wishes are claims.
Conclusions : I. No demand is claim.
All claims are wishes.
Directions (Q. 26-30): In each question below are given two/three statements followed by two
to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the two conclusions
logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts. Give answer
if
if
if
if

either conclusion I or II follows.
neither conclusion I nor II follows.
both conclusions I and II follow.
(26-27):
Statements:
All bags are purses. No purse is black. All blacks are beautiful.
Conclusions: I. Some bags being black is a possibility.

At least some purses are bags.
Conclusions: I. All purses being beautiful is a possibility.
Some bags are not black.
(28-29):
Statements: Some fishes are cats. Some dogs are cats. No fish is black.
Conclusions: I. At least some cats are not black.
There is a possibility that some fishes are dogs.
[4]
Conclusions: I. No dog is black.
Some cats are black.
Statements: No rose is red. No flower is a rose.
Conclusions: I. At least some flowers are red.
All red are flowers.
seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read the following statements and then decide
if
if
if
if
if
only conclusion I follows.

(31-32):
All blacks are dogs.
Statements: Some cats are black.
Conclusions: I. No black is an animal.
Some cats which are dogs are not animals.
Conclusions: I. Some blacks being animals is a possibility.
All dogs being cats is a possibility.
(33-34):
Statements: Some roses are red.
All flowers are red.
No dog is an animal.
All reds are beautiful.
Conclusions: I. All those roses which are red are also beautiful.
Some flowers are beautiful.
Conclusions: I. There is a possibility that some roses are flowers.
All flowers are roses.
35. Statements: No river is a lake. No lake is a sea. Conclusions:
I. No river is an ocean.
II. At least some lakes are oceans.
Some seas are oceans.
Directions (Q. 36-40): In each question below are two/three statements followed by two
conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the two/three given statements to be true even if
they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given
conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer (2) if only conclusion II follows.
Give answer (3) if either conclusion I or conclusion II follows.
Give answer (4) if neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows.
Give answer (5) if both conclusion I and conclusion II follow.
(36-40).
Statements Some colours are paints. All colours are varnishes. No varnish is dye.
Conclusions: I. No paint-is dye.
All paints Being varnishes is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. Some varnishes are paints.
No dye is colour.
(38-39).
Statements: All squares are triangles. No triangle is circle. All circles are rectangles.
Conclusions: I. No rectangle is square.
All rectangles being square is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. No square is circle.
At least some circles are square.
Statements: No paper is book. Some books are libraries.
Conclusions: I. All libraries being books is a possibility.
II. No library is paper.
[5]
seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read the following statements and then decide
if
if
if
if

(41-42):
Statements: All boys are doctors.
All doctors are usually not intelligent.
Some intelligent are smart.
Conclusions: I. All boys being intelligent is a possibility.
At least some smarts are doctors.
Conclusions: I. No doctor is smart.
Some boys may be intelligent.
(43-44):
Statements: Some ice are candies.
No candy is tasty.
Conclusions: I. Some ice can never be yummy.
No ice is tasty.
All tasty things are yummy.
Conclusions: I. Some ice being yummy is a possibility.

Some yummy things are not candy.
45. Statements: No apple is red. All apples are tasty. Conclusions:
I. Some red things being tasty is a possibility
II. All tasty things are not red.
Directions (Q. 46-50): In each question below are given three statements followed by two
conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they
logically follows from the statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Give answer
46.
47.
48.
49.

Statements: Some bananas are soaps.
Some powders are soaps.
Conclusions: I. Some soaps are detergents.

II. Some detergents are not soaps.
Statements: Some mobiles are pots.
Some pots are animals.
Conclusions: I. Some pots are cows.
II. Some mobiles are cows.
Statements: Some papers are bottles.
No perfume is a paper.
Conclusions: I. Some bottles are not perfumes.
II. Some perfumes are not files.
Statements: All books are magazines.
All magazines are ice.
Only detergents are powders.
Some animals are cows.
All bottles are files.
Some ice are drops.
Conclusions: I. There is a possibility that all drops are books.

II. At least some ice are books.
50.
Statements: Some balls are tables.

Conclusions: I. Some chairs are balls.
Some tables are ipods.
All ipods are chalks.
II. Some balls are not chairs.

Directions (Q. 51-55): In each question below are given two or three statements followed by two
conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem
[6]
to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the statements and then decide which of
the given conclusions logically follows from the statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer
(51-52):
Some diamonds are precious. Some glasses are precious.
Statements: All stones are diamonds.
Conclusions: I. Some stones being precious is a possibility.
All stones are precious.
Conclusions: I. Some diamonds can never be stones.
At least some glasses are diamonds.
(53-54):
Statements: No chocolate is tasty.
Every chocolate is brown.
Some browns are good.
Conclusions: I. All chocolates are possibly good.
Some chocolates are good.
Conclusions: I. No brown is tasty.
There is a possibility that some chocolates are not good.
55. Statements: All pencils are papers. All papers are black.
Conclusions: I. All black things being pencils is a possibility.
II. Some papers are not pencils.
Directions (Q. 56-60): In each question below are two statements followed by two conclusions
numbered I and n. You have to take the two given statements to be true even if they seem to be at
variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conditions and then decide which of the given
conclusions logically follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts and
give answer
56.
57.

Statements: Some trees are bushes.
All flowers are bushes.
Conclusions: I. At least some bushes are trees.
II. At least some flowers are trees.
Statements: All colours are paints.
No paint is a brush.
Conclusions: I. At least some brushes are colours.

58.
59.
II. No brush is a colour.

Statements: Some chemicals are organics.
All organics are fertilisers.
Conclusions: I. At least some fertilizers are chemicals.
II. All fertilizers are organics.
Statements: No air is solid.
Some solids are liquids.
Conclusions: I.
No liquid is air.
II. Some air is definitely not liquid.

60.
Statements: All gems are diamonds.
All diamonds are rocks.
Conclusions: I. At least some rocks are gems.
II. All gems are rocks.
if only conclusion I follows
[7]
if, both conclusions I and II follow.
(61-62):
Statements: Some colleges are universities
All colleges are schools.
All schools are hostels.
Conclusions: I. Some colleges are not hostels.

All schools being universities is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. All universities can never be hostels.
Any university which is a college is a hostel.
(63-64):
Statements: All pens are pencils.
No pencil is a paper.
All papers are notebooks.
Conclusions: I. All pens being notebooks is a possibility.

All notebooks being pencils is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. All notebooks if they are pencils are also pens.
No pen is a paper.
65. Statements: Some bikes are motors. All machines are bikes.
Conclusions: I. All machines are motors.
II. Some machines being motors is a possibility.
to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions
if both the conclusions I and II follow.
(66-67):
Statements: All tables are chairs.
No chair is a cooler.
All coolers are fans.
Conclusions: I. No fan is a table.

All chairs being fans is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. No table is a cooler.
All tables being fans is a possibility.
68.
Statements: Some erasers are pens.
All boxes are pens.
Conclusions: I. All erasers being boxes is a possibility.

II. No box is an eraser.
(69-70)
Statements: No weak is strong.
Some strong are winners.
All winners are modest.
Conclusions: I. No modest is strong.

All modest being strong is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. All weak being modest is a possibility.
No weak is a winner.
[8]
(71-72):
Statements: All silver is gold.
All gold is metal.
Conclusions: I. All metals being silver is a possibility.
At least some silver is precious.
Conclusions: I. Some gold is metal as well as precious.
All gold is precious.
(73-74):
Statements: All plants are trees.
No tree is a tole.
Conclusions: I. Some toles being plants is a possibility.
No tole is a plant.
Conclusions: I. All plants being green is a possibility.
No green is a tree.
75.
All metals are precious.
All toles are green.
Statements: Some kites are papers. Some papers are black.

Conclusions: I. Some kites being black is a possibility.
II. All papers are not necessarily kites.
(76-77) :
Some roses are flowers.
Statements: Some flowers are red.
Conclusions: I. All those flowers which are roses are red.
No rose is red.
Conclusions: I. All roses being red is a possibility.
Some flowers can never be roses.
(78-79):
Statements: All princesses are queens.
All girls are princesses.
Conclusions: I. Some princesses being women is a possibility.
No woman is a queen.
At least some queens are girls.

Conclusions: I. No queen is a girl.
All princesses being girls is a possibility.
Statements: Some hills are mountains. All mountains are high.
Conclusions: I. All hills being high is a possibility.
Some mountains can never be hills.
Directions (Q.81-85): In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by
seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
81.
if
if
if
if
if

either conclusion I or conclusion II follows.
neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follow.
both conclusions I and II follow
Statements: Some apartments are huts.

All buildings are cottages.
Conclusions: I.
All apartments are buildings.
Some apartments are not cottages.
II. All buildings being huts is a possibility.
82.
83.
Statements: All staplers are printers.

No printer is a computer.
All computers are machines.
Conclusions: I. All staplers being machines is a possiblity.
II. No stapler is a computer.
Statements: Some fans are moons.
All planets are fans.
Conclusions: I.
No planet is a universe.
Some moons, if they are planets, are also fans.
II. All universes being fans is a possibility.

Statements: All professors are scientists. Some professors are intelligent.
No intelligent is honest.
Conclusions: I. At least some professors being honest is a possibility.
85.
II.
Statements: No
Conclusions: I.
II.
All professors, if they are intelligent, are also honest

pin is a tin.
All tins are copper.
All metals being tins is a possibility.
Some pins are not copper.
No copper is a metal.
Directions (Q. 86-90): In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by
if only conclusion I or II follows.
(86-87):
Statements: Some balls are locks.
All locks are keys.
Some doors are keys.
Conclusions: I. At least some balls are doors.

All doors being locks is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. All doors being keys is a possibility.
Some balls are keys.
(88-89):
Statements: All lizards are birds.
Some ants are birds.
Conclusions: I. All cobras being lizards is a possiblity.
At least some lizards are ants.
All ants are cobras.
Conclusions: I. All lizards being cobras is a possibility.

Some cobras are birds.
No debenture is an equity.
Statements: Some shares are debentures.
Some equities are capital.
Conclusions: I. All debentures being equities is a possibility.
II. All shares being equities is a possibility.
(90):
facts. Give answer
(91-92): Statements:
No planet is a universe.
All moons are planets.
Some stars are moons.
Conclusions: I. All moons being stars is a possibility.
No universe is a star.
[10]
Conclusions: I. At least some planets are stars.
No moon is a universe.
(93-94(: Statements:
All insects are amphibians
All sticks are plants.
All plants are insects.
Conclusions: I. At least some amphibians are plants.
All sticks are insects.
Conclusions: I. All amphibians are sticks.
All plants are amphibians.
(95-97): Statements:
All apartments are huts.
No hut is a building.
All buildings are cottages.
Conclusions: I. No cottage is an apartment.
Some cottages are apartments.
Conclusions: I. No apartment is a cottage.
Some buildings being apartments is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. Some cottages being apartments is a possibility.
No cottage is a hut.
Directions (Q. 98-100) : In each question below are two statements followed by two
conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the two given statements to be true even if they
if
if
if
if

both conclusions 1 and II follow.
Statements: All exams are tests. No test is a question.

Conclusions: I. At least some exams are questions.
No exam is a question.
Statements: No bangle is an earring. Some earrings are rings.
Conclusions: I. No ring is a bangle.
Some rings are definitely not earrings.
Statements: Some banks are colleges. All colleges are schools.
Conclusions: I. At least some banks are schools.
All schools are colleges.
Directions (Q. 101-107) : In each group of questions below are two/three statements followed by
two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem
to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically
follows from the two/three statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Give answer
No magazine is a newspaper.
Conclusions: I. No book is a newspaper.
II. Some magazines are books.
(102-103) :
Statements: Some mobiles are telephones.
All telephones are pagers.
No pager is a camera.
Conclusions: I. Some mobiles are definitely not cameras.
No mobile is a camera.
Conclusions: I. All telephones are cameras.
All mobiles being telephones is a possibility.
(104-105) :
Statements: No cube is a cuboid.
Some cuboids are rectangles.

All squares are cubes.
Conclusions: I. No cuboid is a square.
All cubes being rectangle is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. No rectangle is a square.
No cube is a rectangle.
Statements: All fruits are vegetables.
Some vegetables are pulses.
Some pulses are not cereals.
Conclusions: I. Some vegetables are not cereals.
All vegetables being fruits is a possibility.
Statements: All schools are colleges
All schools are universities
No university is a campus.
Conclusions: I. All colleges are universities
II. All schools being campus is a possibility.
Directions (Q.108-114): In each group of questions below are two/three statements followed by
to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically
follows from the two/three statements disregarding commonly known facts give answer.
Give answer (1) if only conclusion I follows;
Give answer (2) if only conclusion II follows;
Give answer (3) if either conclusion I or conclusion II follows;
Give answer (4) if neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows;
108. Statements: Some exams are tests.
No exam is a question.
Conclusions: I.
No question is a test.
II. Some tests are definitely not exams.
(109-110)
Statements: All forces are energies.
All energies are powers.
No power is heat.
Conclusions: I. Some forces are definitely not powers.
No heat is force.
Conclusions : I. No energy is heat.
Some forces being heat is a possibility.
(111-112)
Statements: No note is a coin.
Some coins are metals.
All plastics are notes.
Conclusions: I. No coin is plastic.
All plastics being metals is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. No metal is plastic.
All notes are plastics.
Statements: Some symbols are figures. All symbols are graphics. No graphic is a picture.
Conclusions: I. Some graphics are figures.
No symbol is a picture.
114. Statements: All vacancies are jobs.
Some jobs are occupations.
Conclusions: I.
All vacancies are occupations.
II. All occupations being vacancies is a possibility.
Direction (Q. 115-119) In each question of below are two/three statements followed by two
conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the two/three given statements to be true even if
they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given
conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer (2) if only conclusion II follows.
Give answer (3) if either conclusion I or conclusion II follows.
Give answer (4) if neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows.
115. Statements: All kites are birds.
All aeroplanes are kites.
No bird is a fish.
Conclusions: I. No fish is a kite.
II. All aeroplanes are birds.
116. Statements: Some wires are fires.
All fires are tyres.
Conclusions: I. Atleast some tyres are wires.
II. Some fires are definitely not wires.
Statements: No clip is a pin. All badges are pins.
Conclusions: I. No badge is a clip.
All pins are badges.

Statements: No colour is a paint. No paint is a brush.
Conclusions: I. No colour is a brush.
All brushes are colours.
Statements: All stars are planets. All planets are galaxies.
Conclusions: I. All galaxies are planets.
All stars are galaxies.
Direction (Q.120-124). In each question below are two/three statements followed by two
conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the two/three given statements to be true even if they
seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions
logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer (1)
Give answer (2)
Give answer (3)
Give answer (4)
Give answer (5)
if both conclusion I and conclusion II follows.
120. Statements: No toffee is coffee.
No sweet is toffee.
Conclusions: I. No coffee is sweet ;
II. All sweets are coffee
121. Statements: All medals are awards.
All rewards are medals.
Conclusions: I. All rewards are awards
II. All awards are medals
122. Statements: Some trees are plants.
All bushes are plants.
Conclusions: I. Atleast some trees are bushes
II. Some trees are definitely not bushes
123. Statements: All bottles are glasses.
No cup is a glass.
Conclusions: I. No bottle is a cup
II. Atleast some glasses are bottles
124. Statements: All windows are doors.
All entrances are windows.
No gate is a door.
Conclusions: I. Atleast some windows are gates
II. No gate is an entrance
Directions (Q. 125-129) : In each question below are given two/three statements followed by
known facts. Give answer:
(125-126) :
Some books are colleges.
Statements: All notes are books.
All books are pages.
Conclusions: I. All books can never be colleges.
II. Any book which is a note must be a page.
126. Conclusions: I. All books being notes is a possibility.
II. No note is a college.
(127-128) :
Statements: No needle is a tree.
Some trees are threads.
All threads are boxes.
Conclusions: I. No needle is a thread.
No boxes are trees.
Conclusions: I. All boxes being threads is a possibility.
All trees being threads is a possibility.,
Statements: Some players are spectators. No player is a theatre.
Conclusions: I. No spectators are theatres.
All spectators being theatres is a possibility.
Directions (Q. 130-134) : In each of the questions given below three statements are followed
known facts. Give answers:

if both conclusion I and II follow.
130. Statements: Some reds are blues.
All blues are pinks.
Some pinks are not reds.
Conclusions: I. All blues are reds.
II. Some reds are not pinks is a possibility.
131. Statements: Some tables are chairs.
All chairs are pens.
All pens are copies.
Conclusions: I. Some pens are tables.
II. All copies being chairs is a possibility.
132. Statements: Some moons are stars.
All stars are skies.
No moon is a planet.
Conclusions: I. Some moons are skies.
II. No star is a planet.
133. Statements: All milk is cold drink.
Some water is milk.
Some water is not cold drink.
Conclusions: I. All milk is water.
II. All water being milk is a possibility.
134. Statements: All trees are flowers.
All flowers are coins.
Some coins are notes.
Conclusions: I. All notes being trees is a possibility.
II. Some coins are flowers.
two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if
135. Statements: All erasers are pens.
All pens are boxes.
No eraser is a pencil.
Conclusions: I. No box is a pencil.
Some pens being pencils is a possibility.
Statements: Some tests are unpleasant.
All unpleasant things need to be avoided.
Conclusions: I. Some tests need to be avoided.
All tests being unpleasant is a possibility.
Statements: Some forests are dark and horrible.
Dark and horrible places are filled with Freudian imagery.
Conclusions: I. At least some horrible places are forests.
All horrible forests being dark is a possibility.
Statements: Some firefighters are fit.
All firefighters are courageous.
All courageous people are army men.
Conclusions: I. All firefighters are army men.
A11 courageous people can never be fit.
Statements: No lawyers are enthusiastic.
All enthusiastic people are positive.
No positive people are honest.
Conclusions: I. No honest people are enthusiastic.
II. All positive people being lawyers is a possibility.
two conclusions numbered I and If, You have to take the given two statements to be true even if
Statements: Some cats are kittens.
All dogs are kittens.
No kittens are black.

Conclusions: I. All kittens being cats is a possibility.
Some dogs can never be black.
Statements: 60% of the government teachers went on strike.
Miss Rani is a government teacher.
Conclusions: I. That Miss Rani went on strike is a possibility.
Miss Rani did not participate in the strike.
Statements: All scholars are eccentric.
No woman is eccentric.
All eccentrics are studies.
Conclusions: I. No woman is a scholar.
All studies being scholar is a possibility.
Statements: Some eggs are hard-boiled.
No eggs are uncrackable.
Conclusions: I. Some hard-boiled are uncrackable.
No hard-boiled are uncrackable.
Statements: Some perfumes reek badly.
All perfumes are expensive.
All expensive things are unique.
Conclusions: I. There is a possibility that all unique things are perfumes.
II. Unique things can never reek badly.
Directions (Q. 145-149) :In each of the question-sets below are two/three statements followed by
to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically
follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Give answer
if only conclusion II follows,
(145-147) :
Statements: All stars are bottles.
Some bottles are papers.
No paper is a calendar.
Conclusions: I. All stars being papers is a possibility.
No calendar is a bottle.
Conclusions: I. All calendars being stars is a possibility
At least some bottles are stars.
Conclusions: I. At least some calendars are bottles.
No calendar is a star.
(148-149) :
Statements: Some pencils are blankets.
All blankets are erasers.
Conclusions: I. At least some pencils are erasers.
All erasers being pencils is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. No eraser is a pencil.
All blankets being pencils is a possibility.
(150-151) :
Statements:
No copy is a book.
Some books are magazines.
All papers are copies.
Conclusions: I. No copy is a magazine.
No book is a paper.
Conclusions: I. All copies being magazines is a possibility.
No magazine is a paper.
152. Statements: All cars are motors.
All cars are bikes.
No bike is an auto.
Conclusions: I. All motors are bikes.
II. All cars being autos is a possibility.
(153-154) :
Statements: Some jobs are occupations.
All jobs are vacancies.
No vacancy is an unemployment.
Conclusions: I. Some vacancies are occupations.
No job is an unemployment.
Conclusions: I. All unemployment being occupation is a possibility.
That some occupations are not unemployment is a possibility.
if neither conclusion I nor II follows.if both conclusions I and II follow.
(155-156) :
Statements: All stars are galaxies.
No planet is sun.
Some galaxies are suns.
Conclusions: I. All sun being stars is a possibility.
Some stars are galaxies.
Conclusions: I. No galaxy is a planet.
Some planets are galaxies
(157-158) :
Statements: No RNA is DNA.
Some cells are tissues.
All DNA are cells.
Conclusions: I. All DNAs are tissues.
Some cells are definitely not RNA.
Conclusions: I. All RNAs being cells is a possibility.
All cells being RNA is a possibility.
Statements: Some stains are dirts. All dirts are shines. No stain is dull.
Conclusions: I. All dull being dirts is a possibility.
All shines are stains.
(160-161) :
Statements: Some coffee are cups.
Some cups are not copies.
All colds are coffee.
Conclusions: I. Some coffee are not copies.
All colds are cups.
Conclusions: I. There is a possibility that no cups are coffee.
There is a possibility that all coffee are cold.
Directions (Q. 162-167) : In each of these questions, there are two conclusions I and II.
Assume the statements to be true even if they vary with facts. Choose your answer as
if both conclusions I and II follow
(162-163) :
Statements:
Statements: Some weeks are years.
All months are Weeks.
All years are decades.
No hour is a month.
Conclusions: I. All hours being decades is a possibility.
Some hours can never be years.
Conclusions: I. All decades being weeks is a possibility.
All hours, if they are months, cannot be decades.
[16]
(164-167) :
Statements: All elections are dramas.
All elections are stories
Some dramas are not films.
Conclusions: I. No film is a story.
Some films which are dramas are also stories.
Conclusions: I. All films being elections is a possibility.
Some stories which are not elections are dramas.
Statements: No spade is a club.
All clubs are diamonds.
All spades are hearts
Conclusions: I. Some spades which are diamonds may also be clubs.
Some hearts, if they are clubs, must be diamonds.
Statements: All roads are drivers
Some drivers are pilots
Some walkers are not drivers.
Conclusions: I. Some roads being pilots is a possibility.
II. All walkers are pilots.
Directions (Q. 168-172) : In each question/group of questions below are two/three
statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the two/ three given
statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts and then
decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding
commonly known facts. Give answer
168. Statements: No bank is a school.
Some schools are colleges.
Conclusions: I. Some colleges are definitely not schools.
II. All banks being colleges is a possibility.
169. Statements: Some carts are trolleys.
All baskets are trolleys.
Conclusions: I. At least some baskets are carts.
II. All trolleys are baskets.
(170-171) :
Statements: All fruits are vegetables. All vegetables are plants. No plant is a root.
Conclusions: I. All fruits are plants.
No root is a vegetable.
Conclusions: I. No fruit is a root.
At least some roots are vegetables.
172. Statements: Some calculators are phones. No phone is an eraser.
Conclusions: I. No calculator is an eraser.
II. Some calculators are definitely not phones.
two conclusions numbered I and II You have to take the given two statements to be true even if
they seem to beat variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide
(173-174) :
Statements: No statement is a conclusion.
Some conclusions are assumptions:
All assumptions are arguments.
Conclusions: I. No argument is a conclusion.
No statement is an assumption. ;
Conclusions: I. All arguments being assumptions is a possibility.
All assumptions being conclusions is a possibility.
[17]
(175-176) :
Statements: Some fabrics are cloths.
All fabrics are garments.
All plants are fabrics.
Conclusions: I. All fabrics being plants is a possibility.
No plant is a cloth.
Conclusions: I. All fabrics can never be cloths.
Any fabric which is a plant must be a garment.
Statements: Some villages are towns.
All towns are states.
No state is a world.
Conclusions: I. No town is a world.
II. Some villages which are states are not worlds.
Directions (Q. 178-182) : In each question below are given three statements followed by two
Statements: All statements are conclusions.
Some answers are conclusions.
All conclusions are options.
Conclusions: I. There is a possibility that some answers are statements.
All statements are answers.
Conclusions: I. Some options are statements.
All those answers which are conclusions are also options.
Statements: No sweet is namkeen.
All coffees are sweets.
Some drinks are coffees.
Conclusions: I. No coffee is namkeen.
Some drinks which are sweets are not namkeens.
Conclusions: I. All sweets being drinks is a possibility.
Some coffees being namkeen is a possibility.
Statements: No eraser is a sharpener.
Some scales are pencils.
No sharpener is a scale.
Conclusions: I. At least some sharpners are pencils.
II. No eraser is a pencil.
if
if
if
if

183. Statements:
All papers are books.
All books are files.
Conclusions: I. Some books being novels is a possibility.

II. No file is a novel.
184. Statements: No key is a lock.
All locks are buttons.
Conclusions: I. No clock is a lock.
No paper is a novel.
No button is a clock.
[18]
II. All buttons being
locks is a possibility.
185. Statements:
Some clips are watches.
All clips are telephones.
Conclusions: I. All telephones can never be watches.
II. All clips are pins.
(186-187) :
Statements: Some benches are trees.
Some trees are flowers.
All telephones are pins.
All flowers are fruits.
Conclusions: I. Some fruits are benches.

All trees being benches is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. All fruits can never be trees.
All flowers being benches is a possibility.
Directions (Q. 188-192) : In each question below are given two/three statements followed by two
conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be
at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given
conclusions logically follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer
188. Statements: No mango is a tomato.
All tomatoes are potatoes.
No potato is sugarcane.
Conclusions: I. No mango is sugarcane.
II. All potatoes being sugarcane is a possibility.
189. Statements: All mangoes are tangos.
Some tangos are charlies.
No charlie is a sweet.
Conclusions: I. No sweet is a tango.
II. Some tangos being sweets is a possibility.
190. Statements: No book is a paper.
Some papers are pens.
Conclusions: I. Some books being pens is a possibility.
II. All pens being books is a possibility.
191. Statements: No book is a rough.
No rough is a pen.
Conclusions: I. No book is a pen.
II. Some pens being books is a possibility.
192. Statements: All pens are columns.
Some columns are inks.
No ink is a copy.
Conclusions: I. Some columns are copies.
II. No copy is a column.
Directions (Q. 193-197): In each question below are given three/four statements followed by
1) if only conclusion I follows.
2) if only conclusion II follows.
3) if either conclusion I or II follows.
4) if neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) if both conclusions I and II follow.
(193-194):
Statements: Some balls are footballs.
All bats are balls.
All footballs are volleyballs. No fund is a bat.
Conclusions: I. All volleyballs being balls is a possibility.
All funds are balls.
Conclusions: I. All funds being volleyballs is a possibility.
Some funds can never be footballs.
195. Statements: No star is a sun.
All suns are planets.
All stars are moons.
Conclusions: I. Some moons if they are suns must be planets.
II. Some stars which are planets may also be suns.
(196-197):
Statements: Some stores are not products. All businesses are stores. All businesses are capital.
[19]
Conclusions: I. Some products which are capital are also stores.
No product is a store.
Conclusions: I. All products being businesses is a possibility.
Some stores which are not business are capital.
Directions (Q. 198-202) : In each question below are given three statements followed by two
if either conclusion 1 or II follows.
No paper is a marker.
198. Statements: All pens are markers. All copies are pens.
Conclusions: I. At least some pens are papers.
II. No paper is a copy.
(199-200) :
Statements: No chair is a table.
Some tables are doors.
All plastics are chairs.
Conclusions: I. No table is a plastic.
All chairs being doors is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. No door is a plastic.
No chair is a door.
(201-202) :
Statements: Some bags are laptops.
All laptops are mobiles.
No mobile is a page.
Conclusions: I. Some bags are not pages.
No bag is a page.
Conclusions: I. All laptops are pages.
All bags being laptops is a possibility.
Directions (Q. 203-208) : In each question below are given two/three statements followed by two
conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be
at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given
conclusions logically follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer
(203-204) :
All classes are
Statements: No carrom is a corner.
Some corridors are carroms.
Conclusions: I. All corridors being corners is a possibility.
All carroms being classes is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. Some corners are not corridors.
No class is a carrom.
205. Statements: Some oceans are lakes.
Some ponds are rivers.
All rivers are lakes.
Conclusions: I. All oceans being rivers
is a possibility.
II. Some lakes are not ponds is a possibility.
206. Statements: All blue are brown.
All black are bags.
Some brown are not bags.
Conclusions: I. Some brown are not black.
II. No blue is a bag.
207. Statements: No train is a truck.
Some trains are tumblers.
All trucks are toys.
Conclusions: I. All trucks being tumblers is a possibility.
II. Some toys are not trains.
208. Statements: Some voyages are journeys.
No journey is a trekking.
Conclusions: I. No voyage is trekking.
II. Some trekkings are voyages.
[20]
facts. Give answer
209.

Statements:
Statements: All boats are berries.
No brake is a belt.
All belts are boats.
Conclusions: I. No brake is a boat.

Some berries are belts.
Conclusions: I. All berries being belts is a possibility.
All boats being brakes is a possibility.
211. Statements: Some teas are tasty.
Some toasters are toys.
Conclusions: I. Some toasters are tables.
II. All tea being toasters is a possibility.
212.
213.
Statements: All coffee is cold.
Some tables are not toys.
Some cold are cups.
Conclusions: I. Some cups being coffee is a possibility.

II. All cups being cold is a possibility.
Statements: No rack is a rod.
Some rats are red.
Conclusions: I. Some red are not rods.
All red are racks.
All rats are racks.

Statements: Some parrots are pigeons. Some pigeons are penguins. No parrot is pink.
Conclusions: I. No pigeon is pink.
Some pink are pigeons.
Directions (Q. 215-220): In each of the questions given below three statements are followed
215. Statements: All rights are wrong.
Some rights are false.
All false are true.
Conclusions: I. Some false are wrong.
II. All true being wrong is
216.
217.
218.
a possibility.
Statements: Some bags are baggages. No baggage is a basket.
All bags are buckets.
Conclusions: I. All baggages are buckets.

II. Some bags are not baskets.
Statements: All papers are plastics. No packet is a plant.
All plastics are panels.
Conclusions: I. Some panels are papers.
II. All panels are plastics.
Statements: Some glasses are not goggles.
All glasses are gases. No glass is a goose.
Conclusions: I. Some gases are geese.

II. Some gases are not goggles.
(219-220):
Statements: No toy is a tree.
Some toys are tough.
All trees are trains.
219. Conclusions: I. Some trains are toys.

II. No train is a toy.
Conclusions: I. All trees being tough is a possibility.
All trains being toys is a possibility.
Directions (Q. 221-226): In each question below are given three/four statements followed by
(1) if only conclusion I follows.
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
if
if
if
if

(221-223):
Statements: All trousers are tracks.
Some travels are not trains.
All tours are travels.

No track is a travel.
Conclusions: I. No track is a tour.

All tours are trains.
Conclusions: I. Some trains are not tracks.
No travel is a trouser.
223. Statements: No book is a ball.
Some books are boys.
224.
Conclusions: I. All baskets being books is a possibility.

II. All balls being boys is a possibility.
Statements: Some foods are forests. Some floods are flutes.
Conclusions: I. Some foods are not frozen is a possibility.
All boys are baskets.
All forests are frozen
II. Some frozen are forests.

225.
Statements: All pipes are piders.

All pillars are paints.
Conclusions: I. Some piders are not pyramids.
II. All paints are pillars.
No pipe is a pyramid.
226.
Statements: All keys are kites.

Some kites are carroms.
Conclusions: I. Some carroms are keys.
II. No kite is a colony.
No carrom is a colony.
conclusions numbered I and n. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem
facts. Give answer
227. Statements: All states are countries.
No country is a town.
Conclusions: I. No village is a state.

II. Some states are not towns.
228. Statements: All ports are airports.
Some airports are harbours.
Conclusions: I. All docks being airports is a possibility.
II. All ports are harbours.
229. Statements: All riddles are puzzles.
All magics are trivia.
Conclusions: I.
II.
230. Statements: No
Conclusions: I.
Some riddles being difficult is a possibility.

All trivia being magic is a possibility.
bucket is a boat.
Some buckets are black.
All blue being buckets is a possibility.
All boats being black is a possibility.

Statements: Some pumpkins are potatoes.
Some potatoes are papayas.
Some towns are villages.
Some harbours are docks.
No puzzle is difficult.
Some blue are boats.
All peanuts are pumpkins.

Conclusions: I. Some papayas being pumpkins is a possibility.
II. Some potatoes are not peanuts.
(232-233) :
Statements: No tree is a root.
Some roots are plants.
All plants are saplings.
Conclusions: I. Some saplings are roots.

Some plants are not trees.
Conclusions: I. All plants being trees is a possibility.
All saplings are plants.
two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to, take the given statements to be true even if they
(234-235) :
Statements: All books are novels.
No novel is a pen.
All pens are pencils.
Conclusions: I. No book is a pen.

All books being pencils is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. No pencil is a book.
All novels being pencils is a possibility.
236. Statements: Some cats are dogs.
All rats are dogs.
Conclusions: I. All cats being rats is a possibility.
II. No rat is a cat.
(237-238) :
Statements: No boy is a postgraduate. Some postgraduates are girls. All girls are intelligent.
Conclusions: I. All boys being intelligent is a possibility.
No boy is a girl.
Conclusions: I. No intelligent is a postgraduate.
At least some intelligent are postgraduates.
Directions (Q. 239-243): In each question below are given two/three statements followed by
Statements: No guide is a software. Some softwares are antivirus. All applications are softwares.
Conclusions: I. No application is a guide.
II. Some guides are applications.
240. Statements: All wings are plastic.
No metal is a wing.
All metals are fibres.
Conclusions: I. Some fibres are metals.
II. Some fibres if they are wings must be plastic.
241. Statements: Some frames are circular.
Some rectangles are frames.
Conclusions: I. Some frames being circular is a possibility.
II. Some rectangles are circular.
242. Statements: All seniors are experienced.
All seniors are educated.
Conclusions: I. Some experienced are educated.
II. Some seniors being not educated is a possibility.

Statements: No logic is right. Some wrongs are right. No solution is wrong. Conclusions:
I. No logic is a solution.
II. No right is a solution.
Directions (Q. 244-248) : In each of the questions below, two/three statements are given followed
by conclusions/ group of conclusions numbered 1 and II. You have to assume all the statements to be
true even if they seem to be at variance with the commonly known facts and then decide which of the
given two conclusions logically follows from the information given in the statements. Give answer
243.

if both conclusion I and II follow.
(244-245) :
Statements: Some squares are circles.
No circle is a triangle.
No line is a square.
Conclusions: I. All squares can never be triangles.

Some lines are circles.
Conclusions: I. No triangle is a square.
No line is a circle.
(246-247) :
Statements: All songs are poems.
All poems are rhymes.
No rhyme is a paragraph.
Conclusions: I. No song is a paragraph.

No poem is a paragraph.
Conclusions: I. All rhymes are poems.
248.
All songs are rhymes.

Statements: Some dews are drops. All drops are stones.
Conclusions: I. At least some dews are stones.
II. At least some stones are drops.
Directions (Q. 249-253): In each group of questions below are given three statements
followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true
even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then
decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements, disregarding
commonly known facts. Give answer
249.

Some notebooks are papers.
Some magazines are notebooks.
Conclusions: I. Some books are notebooks.

250.
II. Some magazines are papers.

Statements: Some fruits are mangoes. Some mangoes are red.
All red are vegetables.
251.
Conclusions: I. No fruit is red.

II. Some fruits are red;
Statements: All windows are doors.
All doors are boats.
All buildings are doors.
Conclusions: I. All windows are boats.

252.
Statements:
Conclusions:
253.
Statements:
Conclusions:
II. All buildings are boats.

Some sheets are roads.
No sheet is a roll.
I. Some sheets are marbles
II. Some rolls are roads.
100% heads are caps.
29% caps are shoes.
I. Some caps are pens.
All roads are marbles
99% shoes are pens.
II. All heads are shoes.

Directions (Q. 254-258): In each of the questions given below three statements are followed
by two conclusions numbered I and IL You have to take the given statements to be true even if they
seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then-decide
known facts. Give answer:
(254-255):
Statements: Some ties are belts.
All belts are shirts.
Conclusions: I. All ties being shirts is a possibility.
Some shirts are not belts.
Conclusions: I. All T-shirts being ties is a possibility.
No belt is a T-shirt.
(256-257):
Statements: All crows are birds.
All birds are parrots.
Conclusions: I. All crows are parrots.
All parrots being sparrows is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. Some parrots are not birds.
No shirt is a T-shirt.
Some birds are sparrows.
All sparrows are birds.

258. Statements: Some knives are pins.
All pins are keys.
No key is a lock.
Conclusions: I. Some locks are knives.
II. No lock is a knife.
(259-260):
Some wise are experienced.
Statements: All politicians are men. Every man is wise.
Conclusions: I. Some politicians are experienced.
Some men being experienced is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. At least some wise are experienced.
At least some men are experienced.
(261-262):
Statements: All actors are dancers.
No dancer is a singer.
Some singers are musicians.
Conclusions: I. No musician is a dancer.
Some dancers being musicians is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. Some actors being musicians is a possibility.
Some singers being actors is a possibility.
(263-264):
Statements: Some newspapers are magazines.
All newspapers are books.
Some books are journals.
Conclusions: I. No journal is a magazine.
Some newspapers being journal is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. Some journals are newspapers.
All magazines are books.
Directions (Q. 265-269): In each group of questions below are given three statements followed by
(265-266):
Statements: All petals are flowers.
No flower is a colour.
All colours are fruits.
Conclusions: I. No colour is a petal.
All fruits being colours is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. At least some petals are colours.
Some flowers being fruits is a possibility.
267. Statements: All dolls are toys.
Some toys are gems.
Some gems are boxes.
Conclusions: I. Some toys are dolls.
II. Some boxes are toys.
268. Statements: Some days are nights.
Some nights are weeks.
All weeks are months.
Conclusions: I. Some months are nights.
II. All weeks being days is a possibility.
269. Statements: Some rivers are roads.
Some jungles are roads
Some roads are cars.
Conclusions: I. All cars being jungles is a possibility.
II. All rivers being cars is a possibility.
facts. Give answer
if either conclusion 1 or II follows.
if both conclusions I and II follow
(270-271):
No necessary is a result.
Statements: Some inputs are outputs.
All outputs are necessary.
Conclusions: I. All inputs being necessary is a possibility.
All results being inputs is a possibility.
Conclusions: I. No output is a result.
Some necessary are not outputs.
(272-273):
Statements: All symbols are blanks.
All blanks are spaces.
Some blanks are marks.
272. Conclusions: I. All symbols are spaces.
II. All spaces being marks is a possibility.
273. Conclusions: I. Some spaces are not blanks.
II. All marks are blanks.
274. Statements: Some demands are public. No demand is extensive.
All public are central.
Conclusions: I. Some demands are central.
II. Some extensive are public.
275. Statements: All bricks are stones.

Some stones are rocks.
All rocks are mountains.
Conclusions: I. Some mountains are stones.
II. All stones being
bricks is a possibility.
Statements: Some radios are telephones. All telephones are mirrors. All mirrors are desks.
Conclusions: I. No telephone is a desk.
II. All radios being mirrors is a possibility.
277. Statements: All furniture are jungles.
No jungle is a road.
Some roads are hills.
Conclusions: I. Some hills are definitely not jungles.
II. No hill is a jungle.
278. Statements: All windows are boats.
All boats are doors.
All doors are buildings.
Conclusions: I. All buildings being boats is a possibility.
II. At least some doors are windows.
279. Statements: All houses are wheels.
Some wheels are trees.
No tree is a plant.
Conclusions: I. No plant is a tree.
II. All houses are trees.
facts. Give answer
280. Statements: All animals are cats.
Some cats are lions.
Conclusions: I. No animal is a tiger.
No tiger is a cat.
Some tigers are animals.

Statements: Some places are cities. Some villages are places. Some places are cool.
Conclusions: I. Some villages being Cool is a possibility.
Some villages are cities.
(282-283):
Statements: All coals are diamonds.
All diamonds are graphite.
No graphite is carbon.
Conclusions: I. No coal is carbon.
No diamond is carbon.
Conclusions: I. All graphites are diamonds.
All coals are graphite.
284.
Statements: Some fruits are plants. No plant is a tree. No flower is a fruit. Conclusions: I.
All fruits can never be trees.
II. Some flowers are plants.
if
if
if
if
if

(285-286):
Statements: Some doors are handles.
All handles are threads.
Conclusions: I. Some doors are threads.
Some handles are windows.
Conclusions: I. All handles being windows is a possibility.
Some threads are windows.
II. All windows being doors is a possibility.

(287-288):
Statements: Some states are villages.
No village is a forest.
Conclusions: I. Some villages are definitely not towns.
Some forests are not states.
Conclusions: I. Some forests being villages is a possbility.
Some towns are forests.
(289-290):
Statements:
All milk is butter.
All butter is curd.
Conclusions: I. At least some butter is milkshake.
Some milkshakes are definitely not curd.
All forests are towns.
No curd is milkshake.
Conclusions: I. All curd being milk is a possibility.

All butter being milkshakes is a possibility.
facts. Give answer
291. Statements: All equals are questions.
All questions are symbols.
Some questions are answerable.
Conclusions: I. All answerable being symbols is a possibility.
II. No equal is answerable.
292. Statements: No game is an application.
Some applications are easy.
All easy are dynamics.
Conclusions: I. No game is dynamic.
II. No dynamic is application.
293. Statements: Some vitamins are calcium.
All calcium are minerals.
Some minerals are not vitamins.
Conclusions: I. All calcium are vitamins.
II. Some vitamins are not minerals is a possibility.
294. Statements: Some details are beneficial.
All beneficial are helpful.
Some informations are not details.
Conclusions: I. Some informations are helpful.
II. All helpful being beneficial is a possibility.
295. Statements: No word is a statement.
Some statements are paragraphs.
No paragraph is a chapter.
Conclusions: I. All statements can never be chapters.
II. All words being chapters is a possibility.
(296-297):
Statements: No building is white.
All whites are blacks.
Some blacks are huts.
Conclusions: I. No building is black.
At least some whites are huts.
Conclusions: I. All blacks being whites is a possibility.

Some blacks are not buildings.
(298-299):
Statements: Some mangoes are apples. Some apples are bananas.
298. Conclusions: I. Some bananas are definitely not mangoes.
II. Some grapes are apples.
299. Conclusions: I. All mangoes being grapes is a possibility.
II. All bananas being apples is a possibility.
300. Statements: All flowers are rooms.
Some rooms are windows.
Conclusions: I. Some rooms are cards.
II. At least some windows are flowers.
Some bananas are grapes.
All cards are windows.
SHORT ANSWER
1.
9.
17 .
25.
33.
41.
49.
57.
65.
73.
81.
89.
97.
105.
113.
121.
129.
137.
145.
153.
161.
169.
177.
185.
193.
201.
209.
217.
225.
233.
241.
249.
257.
265.
273.
281.
289.
297.
(5)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(5)
2.
10.
18.
26.
34.
42.
50.
58.
66.
74.
82.
90.
98.
106.
114.
122.
130.
138.
146.
154.
162.
170.
178.
186.
194.
202.
210.
218.
226.
234.
242.
250.
258.
266.
274.
282.
290.
298.
(5)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(5)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(4)
3.
11.
19.
27.
35.
43.
51.
59.
67.
75.
83.
91.
99.
107.
115.
123.
131.
139.
147.
155.
163.
171.
179.
187.
195.
203.
211.
219.
227.
235.
243.
251.
259.
267.
275.
283.
291.
299.
(2)
(5)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(5)
4.
12.
20.
28.
36.
44.
52.
60.
68.
76.
84.
92.
100.
108.
116.
124.
132.
140.
148.
156.
164.
172.
180.
188.
196.
204.
212.
220.
228.
236.
244.
252.
260.
268.
276.
284.
292.
300.
(5)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(4)
5.
13.
21.
29.
37.
45.
53.
61.
69.
77.
85.
93.
101.
109.
117.
125.
133.
141.
149.
157.
165.
173.
181.
189.
197.
205.
213.
221.
229.
237.
245.
253.
261.
269.
277.
285.
293.
(5)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(2)
6.
14.
22.
30.
38.
46.
54.
62.
70.
78.
86.
94.
102.
110.
118.
126.
134.
142.
150.
158.
166.
174.
182.
190.
198.
206.
214.
222.
230.
238.
246.
254.
262.
270.
278.
286.
294.
(5)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(5)
(2)
7.
15.
23.
31.
39.
47.
55.
63.
71.
79.
87.
95.
103.
111.
119.
127.
135.
143.
151.
159.
167.
175.
183.
191.
199.
207.
215.
223.
231.
239.
247.
255.
263.
271.
279.
287.
295.
(1)
(5)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(5)
8.
16.
24.
32.
40.
48.
56.
64.
72.
80.
88.
96.
104.
112.
120.
128.
136.
144.
152.
160.
168.
176.
184.
192.
200.
208.
216.
224.
232.
240.
248.
256.
264.
272.
280.
288.
296.
(5)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(5)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(4)
[30]
ANSWERS
10. 5;
Sharp
Blades
1.
Blunt Sword
5;
White
Yellow
Silver
Gold
OR
White
Gold
White
2.
5;
Flowers
Yellow
Silver
Beautiful
OR
White
Tasty yummy
Yellow
Silver
2;fruit good
Gold
So, II follows.
From the above possible venn diagrams, both I and

II follow.
5; Possible Venn diagrams are
grapes
5;mango black
Moon
5. 5;
pen
book
pencil
5;TigerPanther
Star
Blue
or
Thus, I follows,
Round
Planets
Moon
Star
Lion
Perfect
1;Engineer
8.
5;
Star Moon
Doctor
Tomato
Goods
Egg
Potato
Thus, II follows.
12. 5; From the Venn diagram (c), both I and II follow.
5; A possible Venn diagram is
Pants
Hence, I follows.
Jackets
Trouser
Shirts
Goods
Egg
Tomato
Potato
Thus, II follows
So, both I and II follow.

2; From the above possible diagram, I
does not follow.
Only II follows.
5;
Dogs
Cake
Pastry
Cats
9.
5;
Animals
White
Breads
Thus, II follows.
Another possible Venn diagram is
OR
White
Cake
Breads Pastry
Cats
Animals
Dogs
Thus, I follows.
16. 5;
In both the possible cases above, I follows.
[31]
king
princes
Queen
24. 3;
Brave
Thus, II follows.
25. 4;
king
Queen
Brave Prince
C D
W
Thus, I follows.
17. 1; From the above two Venn diagrams II does not follow.
Only I follows.
(18-19):
(26 - 277):
Possible Venn-diagram are
Purse
Beautiful
Bag
2; Thus, only II follows.

5; Another possible Venn - diagram is
Triangles
Circle
Rectangle
Square
Black
Purse Beautiful
Bag
Black
Dash lines indicate possibilities.

Both I and II follow.
(28-29):
Possible Venn - diagram is
5
1
2;
Fish cat
Flowers White
Dog
Black
or
or
Fish cat Dog Black
White
Flowers
5; Both I and II follow.

4
4; Possible Venn-diagram -
Black
Thus, I doesnt follow.
Flowers
red
flower
Black
White
rose
Thus neither I nor II follows.
Thus, II follows.
Dog
31. 5;
Cats
Cats Black
I follows
II also follows.
2; From the above Venn-diagram in Qustion 161, I
doesnt follow. Also,
Dogs
Animals
Animal
White
From the above two venn diagrams, II follows.

1; Possible Venn-diagrams are
Black
Dog
Cat
Thus, II follows
Thus only I follows.
doesnt follow as it is not always true.
33. 5;
Beautiful
Red
Roots
Leaves
Branches
or
Branches
Flower
Rose
Leaves
Roots
So, only II follows.
23. 4;
Both I and II follow.

1; From the above Venn - diagram only I follows.
4; A possible Venn - diagram is
[32]
Sea Ocean
Some soaps are powders + All powders are detergents =

I + A = I = Some soaps are detergents. Hence, I follows.
But its conversion does not lead to II.
4; I + I = No conclusion.
1; No perfume is a paper + Some papers are bottles = E + I
O* = Some bottles are not perfumes. Hence, I follows.
But we cant proceed further. Hence, II does not follow.
5; The possibility in I exists as there is negative statement.
Again, All books are magazines + All magazines are ice
River
Lake
Thus, neither I nor II follows.
2;
= A + A = A = All books are ice

conversion
ice are books (I). Hence, II follows.
3; They form an I - E complementary pair.
5
4;
Some
1;
Stone
Precious
Diamond
1;
Thus, only I follows.

Stone
40. 1;
52. 4;
Diamond
Thus, I doesnt follows.

Diamond Precious
(41-42):
Possible Venn-diagrams are
Glass
Thus, doesnt II follow.

53. 1;
Doctor
Boy
Smart
Good
Brown
OR
Doctor
Boy
Or
Smart
Good
Brown
1; Only I follows.
2; Only II follows.
(43-44):
Possible venn diagrams are
Yummy

54. 2;
Tasty
Ice
Tasty
Thus, only II follows.

55. 1; A possible Venn-diagram is
OR
Yummy
Good
Brown
Ice
43. 4
Tasty
5
Pencil
Candy
Paper
Black
Thus only I follows

56. 1;

Con
ver
sion
o
Some trees are bushes Some bushes are trees. It means

at least some bushes are trees. Hence, conclusion I
follows. But conclusion II does not follow
Tasty
Apple
because A + I o No conclusion.

2; All colours are paints (A) + No paint is a brush (E) = A +
Red
E = E o No colour is a brush
Conversiono No brush, is a colour.
OR
Tasty
Apple
Possible Venn-diagrams are

J
46. 1; Some powders are soaps (I)

powders (I).
Hence, conclusion II follows. But conclusion I does

not follow.
1; Some chemicals are organics (I) + All organics are
Red
conversion
Again, only detergents are powders

powders are detergents.
Some soaps are
conversion
All
fertilizers (A) = I + A = I o Some chemicals are

fertilizers. It means At least some fertilizers are
chemicals.
Hence, conclusion I follows but conclusion IIdoes not
follow.
59. 4; No air is solid (E) + Some solids are liquids (I) = E + I =
[33]
O*. Some liquids are not air. Neither conclusion I nor
II follows.
5; All gems are diamonds (A) + All diamond are rocks (A) =
A + A = A o All gems are rocks. Thus, conclusion
II follows.
Thus 1 follows. But II doesnt follow.

75. 1;
Black
Kites
Conversion
Now, All gems are rocks o Some rocks are

gems. It means, At least some rocks are gems. Hence,
both conclusion I and II follow.
2; I does not follow because there is no negative statement.
Thus I follows.
(76-77): Possible Venn diagrams are:
I + A = I (Some colleges are universities

conversion
Some universities are colleges + All colleges are schools =
Some universities are schools. Hence, probability of II
exists.
62. 2; Some universities are colleges + All colleges are schools (I

+ A = I) = Some universities are schools. This does not
lead us to I. II follows because All colleges are hostels.
Red
or
Red
1; No pencil is a paper + All papers are notebooks (E + A

O*) Some notebooks are not pencils. Hence, possibility
of II is ruled out. All pens are pencils + No pencil is a
paper (A + E = E) No pen is a paper + All papers are
Flowers
2;
2;
2;
5;
1;
2;
1;
O*) Some notebooks are not pens

notebooks (E + A
This does not rule out the possibility of I
II follows (A + E = E) but I does not follow unless All
pencils are pens
Since there is no negative statement, possibility exists but
certainty does not follow.
All tables are chairs + No chair is a cooler (A + E = E) = No
table is a cooler + All cooler are fans (E + A = O*) =
Some fans are not tables. Hence, I does not follow. But
No chair is a cooler + All coolers are fans = Some fans
are not chairs. This leaves us with the possibility of II.
A + E = E. So, I follows. We also get Some fans are not
tables. This leaves the possibility of II.
There is no negative statement. Hence II does not follow
and I follows,
I + A = I. Hence, Some strong are winners + All winners
are modest = Some strong are modest. This leaves us
with the possibility of II.
No weak is strong + Some strong are modest = E + I = O*
Some modest are not weak. This leaves us with the
possibility of 1. While No weak is strong + Some strong
O*). So, II does not follow.

are winners (E + I
5; A possible Venn-diagram is
OR
Red
Flowers
4; Neither I nor II follows.

1; Only I follows.
(78-79):
Queen
Princess
Girl
Woman
Tole
(a)
Silver Gold
Metal
Thus I follows
Precious
(b)
Thus II also follows.

5; From the Venn-diagram (b),
both I and II follows
2;
Tree
Tol
e
Plant
74. 1; A possible Venn-diagram is

Green
2; Only conclusion II follows.

Girl
Prince
ss
Thus, only II follows.

High
Hills

2; All apartments are buildings +
All buildings are cottages
J
A + A
A = All apartments are
cottages. Hence, I does not follow.
Some apartments are huts (I)

conversion
Some huts
are apartments (I) + All apartments are buildings (I + A

I) = Some huts are buildings. Hence the possibility of
[34]
exists.
5; All staplers are printers + No printer is a computer = A +
= E No stapler is a computer + All computers are
machines. = E + A
O* = Some machines are not
staplers. This does not rule out the possibility of I. All
staplers are printers + No printer is a computer = A +
E = No stapler is a computer. Hence, II also follows.
83. 5; I is true because All planets are fans. For II: All
planets
J
J
are fans
Conversion
Some fans are planets + No planet is a
J
Some fans are not universe. This does not rule out
universe.
the possibility of II.
1; Some professors are intelligent (I) + No intelligent is
O = Some professors are not honest.

honest = I + E
This leaves us with the possibility of I. While II does not
follow because No Intelligent is an honest.
J
4; All tins are copper + No copper is a metal = A + E

E = No tin is a
metal. So the possibility of I is ruled out. No pin is a tin + All
tins are copper = (E + A
II does not follow.
O* = Some coppers are not pins. So,
2; Some balls are locks. + All locks are keys (I + A
I) = Some
balls are keys + Some doors are keys (I + I

no
conclusion). So, I does not follow. As there is no negative
statement, so possibility case is true.
5; Some balls are locks + All locks are keys (I + A

I). So, II
follows. Some doors are keys can be derived from All
doors are keys. So, possibility case follows.
1; Some ants are birds
conversion
J
All ants are cobras (I + A
Some birds are ants
I) Some birds are cobras.
All lizards are birds. + Some birds are cobras (A + 1

no conclusion). But in case of possibility All cobras
being lizards can be true.
5
4; No, statement can never lead to All. So, I does not
follow.
And Some shares are debentures + No debenture is an
equity (I + E
O) = Some shares are not equities. So,
possibility of II is also ruled out.
(91-92):
1; One of the possible Venn-diagrams is-
Planet
Thus only I follows.

92. 5; From the above Venn diagram both I and II follow.
(93-94):
95. 4
98. 2;
94. 2
conversion
E = E = No square is a cuboid o No cuboid is a
square. Hence, conclusion I follows. No cube is a cuboid

(E) + Some cuboids are rectangles (I) = E + I = O* = Some
rectangles are not cubes. It means All cubes being
rectangle is a possibility. Both conclusion I and II follow.
105. 4; All squares are cubes (A) + No cube is a cuboid (E) = A +
E = No square is a cuboid (E) + Some cuboids are
rectangles (I) = E + I = O* = Some rectangle are not
squares,
Hence, conclusion I does not follow.
Similarly conclusion II does not follow.
106. 2; All fruits
are vegetables
(A)
conversion
oSome
vegetables are fruits.
It means, All vegetables being fruits is a possibility.
Hence, conclusion II follows.
But, Some vegetables are pulses (I) + Some pulses are
not cereals (O) = I + O = No conclusion.
107. 4; All schools are colleges o Some colleges are

schools (I) + All schools are universities (A) = I + A = I =
Some colleges are universities. Hence, conclusion I does
not follow.
All schools are universities (A) + No university is a
campus (E) = A + E = E = No school is a campus.
Hence, conclusion II does not follow. Thus, neither
conclusion I nor II follows.
conversion
conversion
cottage
E = No exam is a question.
Hence, only conclusion II follows. But conclusion I does

not follow.
4; No bangle is an earring (E) + Some earrings are rings (I)
conversion
Again, All books are magazines

o Some
magazines are books, Thus conclusion II follows. So,
both conclusion I and conclusion II follow.
102. 1; Some mobiles are telephones (I) + All telephones are
pagers (A) = I + A = I = Some mobile are pagers (I) + No
pagers is a camera (E) = I + E = O = Some mobiles are
not cameras. Hence, I follows.
103. 2; All telephones are pagers (A) + No pager is a camera (E) =
A + E = E = No telephone is a camera. Hence
conclusion I does not follow.
But, Some mobiles are telephones means, All
mobiles being telephone is a possibility.
104. 5; All squares are cubes (A) + No cube is a cuboid (E) = A +
No force is heat o No heat is force Hence,
96. 4
97. 1
All exams are tests (A) + No test is a question (E) = A + E
J
B+I
Hence, only conclusion I follows, but conclusion II

does not follow.
101. 5; All books are magazines ( A) + No magazine is a
newspaper (E) = A + E = E = No book is a newspaper.
Hence, conclusion I follows.
108. 4; Some exams are tests o

Some tests are exams (I) + No exam is a question (E) = I
+ E = O = Some tests are not questions.
Hence, neither conclusion I nor II follows.
109. 2; All forces are energies (A) + All energies are powers (A) =
A + A = A = All forces are powers (A) + No power is heat
(E) = A + E = E
Amphibian
insect
Plant
hut
I+A
I = Some banks are schools. It means, at least some
banks are schools.
conversion
Star
93. 5
(95-97) :

1; Some banks are colleges (I) + All colleges are schools (A)
J
O* = Some rings are not bangles.
conclusion II follows but conclusion I does not follow.

110. 1; ALL energies are powers (A) + No power is heat (E) = A +
E = E = No energy is heat.
But, All forces are power (A) + No power is heat (E) = A
+ E = E = No force is heat.
So, conclusion II does not follow.
111. 5; All plastics are notes (A) + No note is a coin (E) = A + E = E = No
plastic is a coin
conversiono No coin is plastic.

Again, No plastic is coin (E) + Some coins are metals (I)
= E + I = O* = Some metals are not plastics. It means
All plastics being metals is a possibility.
112. 4; All plastics are notes (A) conversiono Some notes are
[35]
plastics.
Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
Again, All plastics are notes (A) + No note is a coin (E) =
A + E = E = No plastic is a coin (E) + Some coins are
metals (I) = E + I = O* = Some metals are not plastics.
Thus neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows.
124. 2; All entrances are windows (A) + All windows are

(E) = A + E = E = No entrance is a gate
conversiono No gate is an entrance.
Again, All windows are doors (A) + [No gate is a door (E)
conversiono ] No door is a gate (E) = A + E = E = No
conversion
113. 5; Some symbols are figures o Some figures
window is a gate.
Thus, conclusion I does not follow.
are symbols (I) + All symbols are graphics (A) = I + A = I

= Some f igures are graphics
conversion
oSome
125. 2; Some books are colleges does not necessarily lead us

to Conclusion I.
Again, All notes are books (A) + All books are pages (A) =
A + A = A. All notes are pages. Hence, conclusion II
follows.
1; The possibility in conclusion I exists in the first
statement. Conclusion II does not follow because there
is no negative statement.
4; Some trees are threads (I) + All threads are boxes - I + A
I. Some tees are boxes. No needle is a tree (E) +
Some trees are threads
I = E + I = O* = Some threads are not needles.
5; The possibility stated in conclusion I is inherent in the
third statement while that in conclusion II is inherent
in the second statement.
J
J
graphics are figures.

Again, All symbols are graphics (A) + No graphic is
a picture (E) = A + E = E = No symbol is a picture.
Thus, both conclusion I and II follow.
114. 2; All vacancies are jobs (A) + Some jobs are occupations
(I) = A + I = No conclusion.
Hence, I does not follow.
All vacancies are jobs

con
vers
ion
oSome jobs are
vacancies (I) + Some jobs are occupation (I) = I + I = I

= No conclusion
However, All occupations being vacancies is a
possibility. Thus, conclusion II follows.
115. 5; All aeroplanes are kites (A) + All kites are birds (A) = A + A
4; Some players are spectators (I)

conversion
are players (I) + No player is a theatre = I + E
A = All aeroplanes are birds.
E = No kite is a fish conversiono No fish is

E
a kite. So, conclusion I follows.
Hence both conclusion I and conclusion II follow.
J
116. 1; Some wires are fires (I) + All fires are tyres (A) = I + A
= Some wires are tyres conversiono Some tyres
are wires.
Hence, conclusion I follows but II doesnt follow.
conversiono No pin is a clip (E)] = A + E
No badge is a clip. Hence conclusion I follows.
E=
But, All badges are pins conversiono Some pins

are badges. Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
4; No colour is a paint (E) + No paint is a brush (E) = E + E
No conclusion Hence, neither conclusion I nor

conclusion II follows.
2; All stars are planets (A) + All planets are galaxies (A) = A + A
A = All stars are galaxies.

But, conclusion I does not follow.
120. 4; E + E = No conclusion.
Thus, neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows.
121. 1; All rewards are medals (A) + All medals are awards (A) =
A + A = A = All rewards are awards.
But, conclusion II does not follow.
122. 3; All bushes are plants + Some plants are trees = A + I =
No conclusion.
Hence, neither conclusion I nor II follows. However,
since they make a complementary pair I-O, either
conclusion I or conclusion II follows.
123. 5; All bottles are glasses (A) + [No cup is a glass (E)
conversiono ] No glass is a cup (E)
= A+E = E = No bottle is a cup.

Hence conclusion I follows.
Again,
All bottles are glasses conversiono Some
glasses are bottles. It means,
At least some glasses are bottles.
Hence conclusion II follows.
Some spectators
O = Some spectators are not theatres.

130. 2; Some reds are blues (I) + All blues are pinks (A) = I + A =
I = Some reds are pinks.
Hence, Some reds are not pinks is a
possibility. Conclusion II follows.

Again, All kites are birds (A) + No bird is a fish (E) = A +
117. 1; All badges are pins (A) + [No clip is a pin
doors
(A) + [No gate is a door (E) conversiono ] No door is a gate
But, Some reds are blues is a particular positive

statement. So,~conclusion I does not follow.
5; Some table are chairs (I) + All chairs are pens (A) = I + A
I Some tables are pens
tables.
conversion
Some pens are

Again, All chairs are pens (A) + All pens are copies (A) =
A + A = A = All chairs are copies.
It means All copies being chairs is a
Hence, both conclusion I and II foliow.
1; Some moons are stars (I) + All stars are skies (A) = I + A
I = Some moons are skies.
Again, Some moons are stars

conversion
Some
stars are moons (I) + No moon is a planet (E) = I + E = O
= Some stars are not planets.
133. 4; Conclusion I need not be true. Some water is milk
means some milk is water (conversion)
Now, for II, suppose All water is milk. Then All water is
milk + All milk is cold drinks = A + A = A = All water is
cold drink. But the third statement contradicts this.
Hence II does not follow.
J
J
134. 5; All flowers are coins
conversions
Some coins are
flowers. Hence, conclusion II follows.
Again, All trees are flowers (A) + All flowers are coins (A)
= A + A = A = All trees are coins (A) + Some coins are
notes (I) = A + I = No conclusions. But there is no
negative statement.
So, All notes being trees is a
possibility. Thus, conclusion I follows.
Hence, both conclusion I and II follow.
135. 2; All erasers are pens (A) + All pens are boxes (A) = A + A =
conversion
Some boxes
A = All erasers are boxes
are erasers (I) + No eraser is pencil (E) = I + E = O =
Some boxes are not pencils.
Hence, conclusion I does not follow. Again, All erasers are
pens (A)
conversion
Some pens are erasers (I) + No
eraser is a pencil (E) = I + E = O = Some pens are not
pencils. It means Some pens being pencils is a possibility.
[36]
Thus conclusion II follows.
136. 5; Some tests are unpleasant (I) + All unpleasant things
need to be avoided (A) = I + A = I = Some tests need to
be avoided.
Thus, conclusion I follows.
The possibility stated in conclusion II is inherent in the
first statement.
5; The conclusions I and II are inherent in the first
statement.
conversion
Some fit are
1; Some firefighters are fit (I)
firefighters (I) + All firefighters are courageous (A) = I + A
= I = Some fits are courageous. Hence conclusion II
does not follow.
Again, All firefighters are courageous (A) + All
courageous people are armymen (A) = A + A = A All
firefighters are armymen. Hence, conclusion I follows.
139. 1; All enthusiatic people are positive (A) + No positive people
are honest (E) = A + E = E = No enthusiatic people are
honest
conversion
No honest people are
enthusiatic. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Again, No lawyers are enthusiatic (E) + All enthusiatic
people are positive (A) = E + A = O* = Some positive
people are not lawyers. Hence II does not follow.
140. 5; Conclusion I is inherent in the first statement.
Again,
All dogs are kittens (A) + No kittens are black
(E) = A + E = E = No dog is black
1; There is no negative statement. Hence, Conclusion I
follows. But conclusion II is a negative conclusion.
Hence, II does not follow.
5; All scholar are eccentric (A) + Conversion of No woman is
eccentric
conversion
No woman is a scholar.
Again, All scholars are eccentric (A) + All eccentrics are
studies (A) = A + A = A. All scholars are studies. It
means. All studies being scholar is a possibility. Hence,
J
conversion
Some bottles are
stars. Hence conclusion II follows.

Only, Some bottles are not calendars. Hence conclusion
II follows.
147. 4; Some bottles are papers (I) + No paper is a calendar (E)
= I + E = O = Some bottles are not calendars. Hence
And there is no definite positive or negative relation
between star and calendar. Hence conclusion II does not
follow.
148. 5; Some pencils are blankets (I) + All blankets are erasers
(A) = I + A = I = Some pencils are erasers. Hence
conclusion I follows.
Now, Some pencils are erasers, it means All erasers being
pencils is a possibility. Hence conclusion II follows.
2; Because there is no negative statement.

Hence conclusion I does not follow.
But conclusion II is inherent in the first statement.
2; No copy is a book (E) + Some books are magazines (I) = E + I =
O* = Some magazines are not copies. Hence, conclusion 1
does not follow. Again, All papers are copies
conversion
No book is a paper. Thus,
book (E)
151. 1; No copy is a book (E) + Some books are magazines. (I) =
E + I = O* = Some magazines are not copies. It mean All
copies being magazines is a possibility, Hence,
Again, All papers are copies (A) + No copy is a book (E)
= A + E = E = No paper is a book (E) + Some books are
magazines (I) = E + I = O* = Some magazine are not
papers. Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
152. 4; All cars are motors

conversion
Some motors are
cars (I) + All cars are bikes (A) = I + A = I = Some motors
are bikes.
Hence conclusion I does not follow.
Again, All cars are bikes (A) + No bike is an auto (E) =
A + E = E = No car is an auto (E).
Thus, neither conclusion I nor II follows.
153. 5; Some jobs are occupations

conversion
Some
occupations are jobs (I) + All jobs are vacancies (A) = I + A =
I = Some occupations are vacancies

conversion
Some
vacancies are occupations. Hence, Conclusion I follows.
Again, All jobs are vacancies (A) + No vacancy is an

unemployment ( E) = A + E = E = No job is an
unemployment.
154. 5; Some jobs are occupations

conversion
Some
occupations are jobs (I) + All jobs are vacancies (A) = I +
A = I = Some occupations are vacancies (I) + No vacancy
is an unemployment (E) = I + E = O Some occupations
are not unemployment.
Also, conclusion I may follow.
J
J
155. 5; All stars are galaxies
implication
143. 3; Some eggs are hard-boiled conversion Some hardboiled are eggs (I) + No eggs are uncrackable (E) = I + E
= O = Some hard-boiled are not uncrackable.
But, conclusion I and II
make a complementary
pair (I-E).
144. 1; All perfumes are expensive (A) + All expensive things
are unique (A) = A + A = All perfumes are unique.
Hence, All unique thing being perfumes is a possibility.
Thus, conclusion I follows. But II does not follow.
1; All stars are bottles (A) + Some bottles are papers (I) = A
A = No conclusion. However, neither statement is
negative. Hence. All stars being papers is a possibility.
Hence conclusion I follows.
Again, Some bottles are papers (I) + No paper is a
calendar (E) = I + E = O = Some bottles are not
calendars. Hence conclusion II does not follow.
J
J
146. 5; All stars are bottles
(A) + No copy is a book (E) = A + E = E = No paper is a
156. 3;
157. 2;
1;
1;
Some stars are galaxies.
Again, All stars are galaxies (A) + Some galaxies are sun
(I) = A + I = No conclusion. But there can be a possible
relation between Star and Sun. Thus, conclusion 1
follows.
Some galaxies are suns (I) + conversion of No planet is
sun (E) = Some galaxies are not planets(O). However,
conclusions 1 and II make a complementary pair (I-E).
Thus, either conclusion I or 1! follows.
All DNAs are cells (A) + Some cells are tissues (I) = A + I
= No conclusion. Thus, conclusion I does not follow.
Again, No RNA is a DNA (E) + All DNAs are cells (A) = E +
A = O* = Some cells are not RNAs. Thus, conclusion
II
follows.
No RNA is a DNA(E) + All DNAs are cells (A) = E + A = O*
Some cells are not RNAs. But All RNA being cells is a
possibility.
But conclusion II does not follow.
Some stains are dirts (I) + All dirts are shines (A) = I + A
I = Some stains are shines, Hence, II does not follow.
J
J
Again, Some stains are dirts (I)
conversion
Some
dirts are stains (I) + No stain is dull (E) = I + E = O =

Some dirts are not dull. However, All dull being dirts is
a possibility. Thus, conclusion 1 follows.
160. 4; Some coffee are cups (I) + Some cups are not copies (O)
= I + O = No conclusion. Thus, conclusion I does not
follow.
Again, All colds are coffee (A) + Some coffee are cups (I)
= A + 1 = No conclusion. Thus, II does not follow.
2; Some coffee are cups (I)

conversion
Some cups are
coffee (I). Hence conclusion I is not true. Conclusion II
follows because this possibility exists in the third
statement.
1; No hour is a month (E) + All months are weeks (A) = E + A
= O* = Some weeks are not hours.
Again Some weeks are years (I) + All years are decades
(A) = I + A = I = Some weeks are decades (I).
Now, Some weeks are decades
conversion
Some
[37]
decades are weeks (I) + Some weeks are not hours (O*)
= No conclusion. But, a relation is possible between
hour and decades. It means All hours being decades is
a possibility. Hence, conclusion I follows. But, II does
not follow.
1; Some weeks are years (I) + All years are decades (A) = I +
= I = Some weeks are decades, means All decads being
weeks is a possibility. Hence, conclusion I follows. But,
does not follow.
4; All elections are dramas

conversion
Some dramas are
elections (I) + All elections are stories (A) = I + A = I = Some
dramas are stories (I)
conversion
Some stories are
dramas (I) + Some dramas are not films (O) = I + O = No
conclusion. Hence, I does not follow.
also does not follow.

1; All elections are dramas (A) + Some dramas are not films
(O) = A + O = No conclusion But All film being elections
is a possibility, Hence, conclusion I follows. II does not
follow.
2; I is false because No spade is a club. II is true because All
clubs are diamonds.
1; All roads are drivers + Some drivers are pilots = A + I = No
conclusion. But the possibility of I exists because
neither of these statements is negative. Some walkers
are not drivers + Some drivers are pilots = O + A = No
conclusion. Hence, II does not follow.
2; No bank is a school (E) + Some schools are colleges (I) =
+ I = O* = Some colleges are not bank, it means All
banks being colleges is a possibility Hence, conclusion
follows. But conversion of 2nd statement does not
lead to conclusion I
4; All baskets are trolleys (A) + conversion of some carts are
trolleyes (I) = A + I = No conclusion Hence. I does not
follow. II does not follow by converting the second
statement Hence, neither I nor II follows.
170. 5; All fruits are vegatables (A) + All
vegetables are plants
(A) = A + A = A = AI1 fruits are plants Hence, conclusion
I follows. Again, All vegetables are plants (A) + No plant
is a root (E) = A + E = E = No vegetable is a root
conversions
No root is a vegetable. Hence, conclusion II follows.
1; All fruits are vegetables (A) + All vegetables are plant (A)
A + A = A = All fruits are plants (A) + No plant is a root
= A + E = E = No fruit is a root
But All vegetable are plants (A) + No plant is a root (E) =
A + E = E = No vegetable is a root. Hence, II does not
follow.
4; Some calculators are phones (I) + No phone is an eraser
= I + E = O = Some calculators are not erasers,
Neither conclusion I nor II follows.
173. 4; Some conclusions are assumptions (I) + All assumptions
are arguments (A) = I + A = I = Some conclusions are
arguments. Hence, I does not follow.
Again, No statement is a conclusion (E) + Some
conclusions are assumptions (I) = E + I = O* = Some
assumptions are not statements. Hence, conclusion II
does not follow.
5; The possibility of conclusion I can be obtained from the
third statement while that of conclusion II from the
second statements.
1; The possibility of conclusion I can be obtained from the
third statement. But II does not follow because there is
no negative statement.
2; Conclusion I cant be obtained from first statement. Again, All
plants are fabrics (A) + All fabrics are garments
(A) = A + A = A = All plants are garments.

Thus, Conclusion II follows from second and third
statements.
177. 5; All towns are states (A) + No state is a world (E) = A + E =
E = No town is a world.
Hence, Conclusion I follows.
Again, Some villages are towns (I) + All towns are states
(A) = Some villages are states. Since No state is a world,
Conclusion II follows.
178. 1; Some answers are conclusions (I)
conversion
Some
conclusions are answer, Now, All statements are

conclusions (A) + Some conclusions are answers (I) = A
+ I = No conclusion, but a possible positive relation
exists between statements and answers.
Thus, conclusion I follows.
However, a definite conclusion cant be obtained.
179. 5; All statements are conclusions (A) + All conclusions are
options (A) = A + A = A = All statements are options
conversion
Some options are statements. Hence,
conclusion 1 follows.
Conclusion II follows from second and third statement.
180. 5; All coffees are sweets (A) + No sweet is namkeen (E) = A +
E = E = No coffee is namkeen. Thus, conclusion I
follows.
Again, Some drinks are coffees (I) + All coffees are sweets
(A) = I + A = I = Some drinks are sweets + No sweet is
namkeen (E) = I + E = O = Some drinks are not
namkeens. Thus, conclusion II follows.
181. 1; Some drinks are coffees (I) + All coffees are sweets (A) = I + A
= I = Some drinks are sweets. It means All sweets being
drinks is a possibility. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Again, All coffees are sweets (A) + No sweet is namkeen

(E) = A + E = E = No coffee is namkeen. Hence, conclusion
II does not follow.

4; No sharpener is a scale (E) + Some scales are pencils (I) =
E + I = O* = Some pencils are not sharpeners. Thus,
We cant find any definite positive or negative relation
between eraser and pencil.
183. 1; All papers are books

conversion
Some books are
papers (I) + No paper is a novel (E) = 1 + E = O = Some
books are not novels. But there is a possibility that
some books are novels. Thus conclusion I follows.
Again,
All papers are books (A) + All books are files (A)
J
conversion
= A + A = A = All papers are files (A)
Some files are papers (I) + No paper is a novel (E) = I + E
= O = Some files are not novels. Thus, conclusion II does
not follow.
184. 5; All locks are buttons (A) + No button is a clock (E) = A +
conversion
E = E = No lock is a clock
lock (E). Thus, conclusion I follows.
No clock is a
All locks are buttons (A)

conversion
Some buttons
are locks (I). Here, All buttons being locks is a
possibility. Hence, both I and II follow.
185. 2; Some clips are watches (I)

conversion
Some
watches are clips (I) + All clips are telephones (A) = I + A
= I = Some watches are telephones. From this
All clips are telephones (A) + All telephones are pins (A)
= A + A = A = All clips are pins. Thus, conclusion II follows.
2; Some trees are flowers (I) + All flowers are fruits (A) = I =
Some trees are fruits (I).
Now, Some benches are trees (I) + Some trees are fruits
(I) = I + I = No conclusion. From this, conclusion I does
not follow.
Now, Some benches are- trees. So All trees being
benches is a possibility. Hence, conclusion II follows.
187. 2; Some, trees are flowers (I) + All flowers are fruits (A) = I + A = I
= Some trees are fruits (I). Hence, conclusion I does not
follow. Some benches are trees (I) + Some trees are flowers
(I) = No conclusion. But some possible relation can be
established between them. Hence, All flowers being
benches is a possibility. Therefore, only conclusion
II follows.
4; No mango is a tomato (E) + All tomatoes are potatoes (A) =
E + A = O* = Some potatoes are not mangoes (O*) We
cant proceed further. Thus, conclusion I does not follow.
Again, conclusion II does not follow because of the 3rd
statement.
189. 2; Some tangos are Charlies (I) + No charlie is a sweet (E) =
I + E = Some, tangos are not sweets. Means Some tangos
being sweets is a possibility. Hence, conclusion II follows.
But conclusion I does not follow. ;
190. 1; No book is a paper (E) + Some papers are pens (I) = E +
[38]
I = O* = Some pens are not books (O*)
This rules out the posibility of II but I follows.
191. 2; No book is a rough (E) + No rough is a pen (E) = E + E =
No conclusion. But some possible relation can be
established between book and pens. Hence, conclusion
II follows.
192. 3; Some columns are inks (I) + No ink is a copy (E) = I + E =
O = Some columns are not copies.
But conclusions I and II make a complementary pair (I E). Thus, either conclusion I or II follows.
1; Some balls are footballs (I) + All footballs are volleyballs
= I + A = 1 = Some balls are volleyballs. It means, All
Volleyballs being balls is a possibility. Hence, conclusion I
follows. Again No fund is a bat (E) + All bats are balls
= E + A = O* = Some balls are not funds Hence, II

does not follow.
1; Some balls are footballs (I) + All footballs are volleyballs
J
= I + A = I = Some balls are volleyballs (I)
conversion
Some volleyballs are balls (I) + Some balls are not fund (O) =
No conclusion.
But, possibility of 1 can be established between fund

and volleyball. It means All funds being volleyball is a
possibility. Hence, conclusion I follows. Again, No fund
is a bat (E) + All bats are balls (A) = E + A = O* = Some
balls are not funds. So, Some balls are footballs -
conversion
Some footballs are balls (I) + Some balls
are not funds (O) = I + O = No conclusion. Hence, II
does not follow.
195. 5; No star is a sun (E)

conversion
No sun is a star (E) + All
stars are moons (A) = E + A = O* = Some moons are not
suns. But All sun are planets. Hence conclusion I follows.
Again, No star is a sun (E) + All suns are planets
= E + A = O* = Some planets are not stars. But All

suns are planets. Thus, conclusion II follows.
4; All businesses are stores

conversion
Some stores
are businesses (I) + All businesses are capital (A) = I + A
= I = Some stores are capital But, Some stores are not
products (O). It leads us nowhere. Hence conclusion 1
does not follow. Again, conclusion II need not follow
from first statement.
1; Suppose conclusion I follows. Then, All products are
businesses + All businesses are stores = A + A = A = All
products are stores. Now, in this situation, Some stores
are not products can be true. Hence conclusion I
follows. As for II, nothing can be said with certainty.
2; All copies are pens (A) + All pens are markers (A) = A + A = A = All
copies are markers (A) + (No paper is a marker
conversion
No marker is a paper (E) = A + E = E = No copy is a paper
J
)
J
conversion
No paper is a copy. Hence, conclusion II follows.
Again, All pens are markers
+ No marker is a paper (E) = A + E = E = No pen is a

paper Thus, conclusion I does not follow.
5; All plastics are chairs (A) + No chair is a table (E) = A + E
conversion
No table is a
= E = No plastic is a table
plastic. Hence, conclusion I follows.
No chair is a table (E) + Some tables are doors (I) = E + I
O* = Some doors are not chairs. It means All chairs
being doors is a possibility. Both conclusions I and II
follow.
4; All plastics are chairs (A).+ No chair is a table (E) = A + E
E = No plastic is a table (E) + Some tables are doors (I)
E + I + O* = Some doors are not plastic. Hence,
Again, No chair is a table (E) + Some tables are doors (I)
= E + I = O* = Some doors are not chairs. Hence
conclusion II does not follow.
201. 1; Some bags are laptops (I) + All laptops are mobiles (A) = I
+ A = I = Some bags are mobiles (I) + No mobile is a
page (E) = I + E = O = Some bags are not pages. Hence,
But, conclusion II does not follow.
202. 2; All laptops are mobiles (A) + No mobile is a page (E) = A +
E = E = No laptop is a page. Hence conclusion I does
not follow.
But, Some bags are laptops means, All bags being
laptops is a possibility. Hence, conclusion II follows.
203. 4; Some corridors are carroms (I) + No carrom is a corner
(E) = I + E = O = Some corridors are not corners. Thus,

All corridors being corners is a possibility does not hold
true.
Again, No carrom is a corner (E)

conversion
No
corner is a carrom (E). Now, All class are corners (A) +
No corner is a carrom (E) = A + E = E = No classes is a
carrom. Hence, All carroms being classes is a possibility
is not true. Thus, neither conclusion I nor II follows.
204. 2; Some corridors are carroms (I) + No carrom is a corner
(E) = I + E = O = Some corridors are not corners. Thus,
Conclusion II follows as we have seen in the
explanation to Q. 157
5; Some ponds are rivers (I) + All rivers are lakes (A) = I + A =
I = Some ponds are lakes It means Some lakes are not
ponds is a possibility. Hence, conclusion II follows.
Again, Some oceans are lakes

conversion
Some
lakes are oceans. Now, All rivers are lakes (A) + Some
lakes are oceans (I) = A + I = No conclusion, but a
possible positive relation exists between river and
ocean. Thus, conclusion I follows.
1; Suppose Some brown are not black is not true. It means
All brown are black. Now, All brown are black + All
black are bags = A + A = A = All brown are bags. But
this cant be true because Some brown are not bags
(given). Hence, our assumption is wrong and conclusion
I is true. All blue are brown + Some brown are not bags
= A + O = No conclusion. Hence, II does not follow. -
conversion
No truck is a train
5; No train is a truck (E)
(E) + Some trains are tumblers (I) = E + I = O* = Some
tumblers are not trucks it means All trucks being
tumblers is a possibility. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Again, No train is a truck (E) + All trucks are toys (A) =
E + A = O* = Some toys are not trains. Thus conclusion
II follows.
3; Some voyages are journeys (I) + No journeys is a trekking
(E) = I + E = O = Some voyages are not trekking. But
conclusion I and II make a complementary pair of I - E.
Thus, either I or II follows.
2; No brake is a belt (E) + All belts are boats (A) = E + A = O*
= Some boats are not brakes. Hence, conclusion I does
not follow. Again, All belts are boats (A) + All boats are
berries (A) = A + A = A = All belts are berries
conversion
II follows.
Some berries are belts. Hence, conclusion
1; All belts are berries (A). So, there is a possibility that All
berries are belts. Hence, conclusion I follows. Again, Some
boats are not brakes. Hence, All boats being brakes is not a
possibility. Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
2; I- and O-type statements cant be combined. Hence

conclusion I does not follow. Again, since tea is not
related to either table or toy - the only terms that are
negatively related - the possibility of II exists.
5; Since there is no negative statement, the possibilities of
both conclusions I and II exist.
1; All red are racks (A) + No rack is a rod (E) = A + E = E =
No red is a rod (E)

implication
Some red are not
rods. Hence conclusion I follows. Some rats are red (I) +
All red are racks (A) = I + A = I - Some rats are racks.
Thus, conclusion II also does not follow.
3; Some parrots are pigeons

conversion
Some pigeons
are parrots (I) + No parrot is pink (E) = I + E = O = Some
pigeons are not pink (O*). Hence, neither conclusion I
nor conclusion II follows. But conclusion I and II form a
complementary pair (I-E). Thus, either conclusion I or II
follows.
conversion
Some false are
5; Some rights are false (I)
right (I) + All rights are wrong (A) = I + A = I = Some
false are wrong (I). Hence, conclusion I follows.
Since there is no negative statement, conclusion II also
follows.
216. 2; Some bags are baggages (I)

conversion
Some
baggage are bags (I) + All bags are buckets (A) = I + A =
I = Some baggages are buckets. Hence, conclusion I
does not follow.
Some bags are baggages (I) + No baggage is a basket (E)
= I + E = O = Some bags are not baskets (O). Hence,
[39]
217. 1; All papers are plastics (A) + All plastics are panels (A) = A
+ A = A = All papers are panels (A)

conversion
Some panels are papers. Hence, conclusion I follows.
J
J
Again, All plastics are panels

conversion
Some panels are
plastics. Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
218. 4; All glasses are gases

conversion
Some gases are
glasses (I) + No glass is a goose (E) = 1 + E = O = Some
gases are not geese.
Hence, conclusion I does not follow. Some gases are
glasses + Some glasses are not goggles = I + O = No
conclusion. Hence conclusion II does not follow.
3; No toy is a tree (E) + All trees are trains (A) = E + A = O*
Some trains are not toys (O*). Hence, conclusion I
does not follow.
Conclusion II also does not follow.
But, conclusion I and II form a complementary (I - E)
pair. Thus, either of the two conclusions I or II follows.
220. I; No toy is a tree

conversion
No tree is a toy (E) +
Some toys are tough (I) = E + I = O* = Some tough are
not trees (O*).
Thus, there is a possibility that All trees are tough.
Again, No toy is a tree (E) + All trees are trains (A) = E +
A = O* = Some trains are not toys. So, there is no
possibility that All trains are toys. Hence, conclusion II
does not follow.
1; No track is a travel (E)

conversion
Notravel is a track
(E). Now, All tours are travels (A) + No travel is a track (E) =
A + E = E = No tour is a track
conversion
No track is a
tour. Hence, conclusion I follows. Again, All tours are
travels (A) + Some travels are not trains (O)
A + O = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion II does not

follow.
2; No track is a travel (E) + Some travels are not trains (O)
E + O = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion I does not

follow. Again, All trousers are tracks (A) + No track is a
travel (E) = A + E = E = No trouser is a travel
conversion
No travel is a trouser. Hence, conclusion II follows.,
1; Some books are boys (I) + All boys are baskets (A) = I + A
I = Some books are baskets. Hence, All baskets being
books is a possibility. Thus, conclusion I follows.
Some books are boys

conversion
Some boys are
books (I) + No book is a ball (E) = I + E ,= O = Some
boys are not balls. Thus, All boys being balls is not a
possibility. Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
224. 5; Some foods are forests (I) + All forests are frozen (A) = 1 +
A = I?= Some foods are frozen. So, there is a possibility
that some foods are not frozen. Thus, conclusion I
follows.
J
J
Again, All forests are frozen (A)
conversion
Some frozen
are forests (I). Thus, conclusion II also follows.
1; All pipes are piders (A)

conversion
Some piders are pipes
(I) + No pipe is a pyramid (E) = I + E = O = Some piders are
not pyramids. Hence, conclusion I follows. Again, All pillars
conversion
Some paints are pillars (I).
are paints (A)
4; All keys are kites (A) + Some kites are carroms (I) = A +
I = No conclusion. Thus, conclusion I does not follow.
Again, Some kites are carroms (I) + No carrom is a colony
= I + E = O = Some kites are not colonies (O). Thus,

2; All states are countries (A) + No country is a town (E) = A + E
= E = No state is a town (E) + Some towns are villages
= E + I = O* = Some villages are not states. Hence,

J
J
Again, No state is a town (E)

implication
not towns (O). Hence, conclusion II follows.
Some states are
228. 1; Since there is no negative statement, All docks being

airports is a possibility. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Again, All ports are airports (A) + Some airports are
harbours (I) = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion, II does
not follow.
229. 2; All riddles are puzzles (A) + No puzzle is difficult (E) = A +
E = E = No riddle is difficult. Hence, conclusion I does
not follow. Conclusion II follows from second statement.
230. 2; No bucket is a boat (E)
conversion
No boat is a bucket (E)
Now, Some blue are boats (I) + No boat is a bucket (E) =

I + E = O = Some blue are not buckets. Hence,
conclusion I does not follow. Again, No boat is a bucket
(E) + Some buckets are black (I) = E + I = O* = Some
black are not boats. Hence, All boats being black is a
I; Since all statements are positive conclusion I follows.
Since there is no negative statement, conclusion II does
not follow.
5; Some roots are plants (I) + All plants are saplings (A) = I
J
J
A = I = Some roots are saplings
conversion
saplings are roots. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Some
Again, No tree is a root (E) + Some roots are plants (I) = E +

I = O* = Some plants are not trees. Hence, conclusion
follows.
4; Some plants are not trees. Hence, All plants being trees is
not possible. Hence, conclusion I does not follow.
Again, conclusion II does not follow from the third
statement.
5; All books are novels (A) + No novel is a pen (E) = A + E =
= No book is a pen. Hence, conclusion I follows. Again,
No book is a pen (E) + All pens are pencils (A) = E
A = O* = Some pencils are not books. It means, All

books being pencils is a possibility. Thus, conclusion II
follows.
2; No novel is a pen (E) + All pens are pencils (A) = E + A = O* =
Some pencils are not novels. It means, All novels being
pencils is a possibility. Hence, conclusion II follows. Now,
No book is a pen (E) + All pens are pencils (A) = E
A = O* = Some books are not pencils. Hence,

J
J
1; Some cats are dogs

conversion
Some dogs are cats. Now, All
rats are dogs (A) + Some dogs are cats (I) = A+1
= No conclusion. Thus we cant reach any definite

conclusion by combining the statements. However, note
that these is no negative statement. So II gets rejected
outright while the possibility of conclusion I exists.
237. 1; Some postgraduates are girls (I) All girls are intelligent
(A) = I + A = I = Some postgraduates are intelligent (I).
Now, No boy is a postgraduate (E) + Some
postgraduates are intelligents (I) = E + 1 = O* = Some
intelligent are not boys. It means All boys being
intelligent is a possibility. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Again, No boy is a postgraduate (E) + Some
postgraduates are girls (I) = E + I = O* = Some girls are
not boys. Thus conclusion II does not follow.
2; Some postgraduates are girls (I) + All girls are intelligent
= I + A = I = Some postgraduates are intelligent
conversion
Some intelligent are postgraduates. Hence,
conclusion II follows. But conclusion I does not follow.
1; No guide is a software
conversion
No software is a
guide. Now, All applications are softwares (A) + No
software is a guide (E) = A + E = E = No application is a
guide. Hence-conclusion I follows. But conclusion II
does not follow.
5; All metals are fibres

conversion
Some fibres are
metals. Hence, conclusion I follows. Conclusion II
follows because All wings are plastic.
1; Conclusion I follows from the first statement. Now, Some
rectangles are frames + Some frames are circular = I + I
= No conclusion. Hence, II does not follow.
J
J
1; All seniors are educated
seniors.
conversion
Some educated are
Now, Some educated are seniors (I) + All seniors are

experienced ( A) = I + A= I = Some educated are
experienced. Hence, conclusion I follows. Conclusion II
does not follow because of the second statement.
243. 4; No solution is wrong (E) + Some wrongs are right (I) = E +
I = O* = Some rights are not solutions. Hence,
Again, No logic is right

conversion
No right is
logic. Now, Some wrongs are right (I) + No right is logic
(E) = I + E = O = Some wrongs are not logic.
So, No solution is wrong (E) + Some wrongs are not logic
(o)= E + O = No conclusion. Thus, conclusion I does not
[40]
follow.
244. 1; Some squares are circles (I) + No circle is a triangle (E) =
I + E = O = Some squares are not triangles. Hence,
conclusion I follows. Again, No line is a square (E) + Some
squares are circles (I) = E = I = O* = Some circles are not
lines. Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
245. 4; Some squares are circles (I) + No circle is a triangle (E) =
I + E = 0 = Some squares are not triangles. Hence,
conclusion I does not follow. Again, No line is a square
+ Some squares are circles (I) = E + I = O* = Some
circles are not lines. Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
5; All songs are poems (A) + All poems are rhymes (A) = A + A =
A = All songs are rhymes. Now, All songs are rhymes
+ No rhyme is a paragraph (E) = A + E = E = No song

is a paragraph. Hence, conclusion I follows. Again, All
poems are rhymes (A) + No rhyme is a paragraph (E) = A
+ E = E = No poem is a paragraph. Hence, conclusion II
follows.
J
J
2; All poems are rhymes

conversion
Some rhymes are poems.
But both conclusions make a complementary pair (I-E).

Hence, either conclusion I or II follows.
259. 2; All politicians are men (A) + Every man is wise (A) = A + A
= A = All politicians are wise. Now, All politicians are
wise (A) + Some wise are experienced (I) = A + I = No
conclusion.
But conclusion II follows from second and third
statements.
260. 4; Conclusion I does not follow because it is a restatement.
Again, Every man is wise (A) + Some wise are experienced
261. 2;
1;
Again, All songs are poems (A) + All poems are rhymes
(A) = A + A = A = All songs are rhymes. Hence, conclusion
follows.
5; Some dews are drops (I) + All drops are stones (A) = I + A = I =
Some dews are stones. It means at least Some dews are
stones. Hence, conclusion I follows. Conclusion II follows
by converting the second statement.
4; All books are magazines (A) + Some magazines are notebooks
(I) = A + I = No conclusion. Hence, Conclusion
does not follow.

Again, Some magazines are notebooks (I) + Some
notebooks are papers (I) = I + I = No conclusion. Hence,
Conclusion II does not follow.
250. 3; Some fruits are mangoes (I) + Some mangoes are red (I)
I + I = No conclusion. However, either I or II follows as
they form a complementary (I-E) pair.
5; All windows are doors (A) + All doors are boats (A) = A + A
= A = All windows are boats. Hence, conclusion I
follows. Again, All buildings are doors (A) + All doors are
boats (A) =A + A = A = All buildings are boats. Hence,
1; Some sheets are roads (I). +All roads are marbles (A) = I +
A = I = Some sheets are marbles. Hence, conclusion I
follows. Again, Some sheets are roads

conversion
Some roads are sheets (I) + No sheet is a roll (E) = I + E
O = Some roads are not rolls. Hence, conclusion II
does not follow.
4; 29% (some) caps are shoes (I) + 99% (some) shoes are
pens (I) = I + I = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion I
does not follow.
100% (All) heads are caps (A) + 29% (Some) caps are
shoes (I) = A + I = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion II
does not follow.
1; Some ties are belts (I) + All belts are shirts (A) = I + A = I
Some ties are shirts. Hence a positive relation exists
between ties and shirts. Thus, conclusion I follows.
Again, All belts are shirts

conversion
Some shirts
are belts. Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
255. 5; Some ties are shirts (I) + No shirt is a T-shirt (E) = I + E =
O = Some ties are not T-shirts. But All T-shirts being
ties is a possibility. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Again, All belts are shirts (A) + No shirt is T-shirt (E) = A
+ E = E = No belt is a T-shirt. Hence, conclusion II follows.
5; All crows are birds (A) + All birds are parrots (A) = A + A =
A = All crows are parrots.
Again, there is no negative statements. Hence, the
possibility exist. Thus, conclusion II follows.
J
J
257. 4; All birds are parrots

conversion
Some parrots are birds.
Again, Some birds are sparrows

conversion
Some
sparrows are birds. Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
258. 3; Some knives are pins (I) + All pins are keys (A) = I + A = I
= Some knives are keys (I) + No keyis a lock (E) = I + E =
O = Some knives are not locks. Thus, conclusion I and
II do not follow.
263. 2;
4;
(I) = A + I = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion II does

not follow.
No dancer is a singer (E) + Some singers are musicians
(I) = E +1 = O* = Some musicians are not dancers.
But a possible relation may exist between dancers and
musicians. Hence, conclusion II follows.
All actors are dancers (A) + No dancer is a singer (E) = A
E = E = No actor is a singer. Hence, conclusion II
does not follow.
Now, No actor is a singer (E) + Some singers
Since there is no negative statement a negative
conclusion can not exist.
Again, All newspapers are books (A) + Some books are
journals (I) =A+ I = No conclusion. But a possible
relation exists between newspapers and journals.
Thus, conclusion II follows.
All newspapers are books (A) + Some books are journals
= A + I = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion I does not
follow.
Again, Some newspapers are magazines

conversion
Some magazines are newspapers (I) + All newspapers are
books (A) = I + A = I = Some magazines are books. Hence,
265. 5; All petals are flowers (A) + No flower is a colour (E) = A + E =
E = No petal is a colour. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Again, All colours are fruits

conversion
Some
fruits are colours. But the possibility in II exists. Hence
2; All petals are flowers (A) + No flower is a colour (E) = A + E
= E = No petal is a colour. Hence, conclusion I does not
follow. Again, No flower is a colour (E) + All colours are
fruits (A) = E + A = O* = Some fruits are not flowers. But
the possibility in II exists between flower and fruits.
J
J
1; All dolls are toys
conversion
Some toys are dolls. Hence,
Again, Some toys are gems (I) + Some gems are boxes (I)
= I + I = No conclusion.. Hence, conclusion II does not
follow.
5; Some nights are weeks (I) + All weeks are months (A) = I
J
J
A = I = Some nights are months
conversion
months are nights. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Some
Again, Some days are nights (I) + Some nights are weeks
(I) = I + I = No conclusion, but a possibility exists.
269. 5; There is no negative statement. Hence, conclusion I
follows from the second and third statements.
Again, conclusion II follows from first and third
statements. Hence, conclusion I and II both follow.
270. 3; Some inputs are outputs (I) + All outputs are necessary
(A) = I + A = I = Some inputs are necessary. Thus,
Again, Some inputs are necessary (I) + No necessary is
a result (E) = O = Some inputs are not results. Still,
conclusion II follows. However, if we take the two
conclusions together, All results are inputs + All inputs
are necessary = A + A = A = All results are necessary.
This contradicts the given statement. Hence, either I or
follows.
1; All outputs are necessary (A) + No necessary is a result
(E) = A + E = E = No output is a result. Hence, conclusion
follows. Again, All outputs are necessary
conversion
Some necessary- are outputs. Thus, conclusion II does not

follow.
[41]
5; All symbols are blanks (A) + All blanks are spaces (A) = A
= All symbols are spaces. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Again, there is no negative statement. Hence, the
possibility exists between space and mark. Hence,
J
J
4; All blanks are spaces
conversion .
Thus, conclusion I does not follow.
Some spaces are blanks.
Again, Some blanks are marks

conversion
Some marks
are blanks.,Hence, conclusion II does not follow.
274. 1; Some demands are public (I) + All public are central (A) =
I + A = I = Some demands are central (I). Thus,
Again, Some demands are public conversion

Some
public are demands (I) + No demand is extensive (E) = 1
+ E = 0 = Some public are not extensive. Thus,
275. 5; Some stones are rocks (I) + All rocks are mountains (A)
I + A = I = Some stones are mountains. Hence,
conclusion 1 follows. Again, there is no negative
statement. Hence, the possibility in second statement
exists. Hence, conclusion II follows.
2; All telephones are mirrors (A) + All mirrors are desks (A)
A + A = All telephones are desks. Hence, conclusion I
does not follow. Again, there is no negative statement.
Hence the given possibility exists between radios and
mirrors on the basis of first and second statements.
1; No jungle is a road (E) + Some roads are hills (I) = E + I =
O* = Some hills are not jungles. Hence, conclusion I
follows. But conclusion II does not follow.
5; There is no negative statement. So the possibility in I
exists. Hence; conclusion 1 follows.
Again, All windows are boats (A) + All boats are doors (A)
J
= A + A = A = All windows are doors

conversion
Some doors are windows. Hence, conclusion II follows.
J
J
279. 1; No tree is a plant

conversion
No plant is a tree. Hence,
Again, All houses are wheels (A) + Some wheels are trees
(I) = A + I = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion II does
not follow.
1; No tiger is a cat
conversion
No cat is a tiger (E).
Now, All animals are cats (A) + No cat is a tiger (E) = A +
E = E = No animal is a tiger. Hence, conclusion I
follows. But conclusion II does not follow.
1; Conclusion I follows because there is no negative
statement.
Again, Some villages are places (I) + Some places are
cities (I) = No conclusion. Hence, II does not follow.
282. 5; All coals are diamonds + All diamonds are graphite = A + A =
A = All coals are graphite (A) + No graphite is carbon
(E) = A + E = E = No coal is carbon. Hence, conclusion I

follows. All diamonds are graphite (A) + No graphite is
carbon ( E) = E = No diamond is carbon. Hence,
283. 2; All diamonds are graphite

conversion
Some
graphites are diamonds. Hence, conclusion I does not
follow.
Again, All coals are diamonds (A) + All diamonds are
graphite (A) = A + A = All coals are graphite. Hence,
284. 1; Some fruits are plants (I) + No plant is a tree (E) = I + E =
O = Some fruits are not trees. Hence, conclusion I
follows.
Again, No flower is a fruit (E) + Some fruits are plants (I)
E + I = O* = Some plants are not flowers. Hence,
1; Some doors are handles (I) + All handles are threads (A)
I + A = I = Some doors are threads. Hence, conclusion
I follows. Again, All handles are threads (A) + Some
threads are windows (I) = A+1 = No conclusion. Hence,
conclusion II does not folllow.
5; There are no negative statements. So, the possibilities
exist. Hence, both conclusions I and II follow.
4; No village is a forest (E) + All forests are towns (A) = E + A
= O* = Some towns arc not villages. Hence, conclusion I
does not follow. .
Again, Some states are villages (I) + No village is a forest

(E) = I + E = O = Some states are not forests. Hence,
J
J
288. 2; No village is a forest

conversion
No forest is a village. Hence,
Again, All forests are towns

conversion
forests. Hence, conclusion II follows.
Some towns are
289. 2; All butter is curd (A) + No curd is milkshake (E) = A + E = E =

No butter is milkshake. Hence conclusion I does not follow,
Again, No curd is milkshake

conversion
is curd. Hence, conclusion II follows.
No milkshake
290. 1; All milk is butter (A) + All butter is curd (A) = A + A = A =

All rnilk is curd. Sois the possibility in I exists. Hence,
Again, All butter is curd (A) + No curd is milkshake (E)
= A + E = E = No butter is milkshake. Hence, conclusion
II does not follow.
J
J
291. 1; Some questions are answerable I
conversion
Some
answerable are questions (I) + All questions are symbols
(A) = 1 + A = I = Some answerable are symbols. Hence,

the possibility in 1 exists. Hence, conclusion I follows.
But there is no negative statement.
Thus any negative conclusion does not follow. Hence,
4; Some applications are easy I + All easy are dynamics (A)
1 + A = I = Some applications are dynamics. Hence,
Again, No game is an application (E) + Some applications
are dynamics (I) = E + 1 = O* = Some dynamics are not
games. Hence, conclusion I does not follow.
2; Conclusion I does not follow from first statement. But the

possibility in conclusion II exists from third statements.
2; Some details are beneficial (I) + All beneficial are helpful
= I + A = I = Some details are helpful (1).
Now, Some informations are not details (O) + Some
details are helpful I = O + I = No conclusion. Hence,
Again, the possibility in II exists from second statement.
295. 5; Some statements are paragraphs (I) + No paragraph is a
chapter (E) = I + E = O = Some statements are not
chapters. Hence, conclusion I follows.
Now, No word is a statement (E) + Some statements are
paragraphs (I) = E + I = O* = Some paragraphs are not
conversion
words. Again, No paragraph is a chapter
No chapter is a paragraph (E) + Some paragraphs are not
words (O) = E + O = No conclusion.
But the possibility in conclusion II exists. Hence,

296. 4; No building is white (E) + All whites are blacks (A) = E +
A = O* = Some blacks are not buildings. Hence,
Again, All whites are blacks (A) + Some blacks are huts
I = A + 1 = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion II does not
follow.
5; All whites are blacks

conversion
Some blacks are
whites. But the possibility in 1 exists. Hence,
conclusion I follows. Again, No building is white (E) +
All whites are blacks (A) = E + A = O* = Some blacks are
not buildings. Hence, conclusion II follows.
4; Some mangoes are apples (I) + Some apples are bananas
I + I = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion I does not
follow.
Again, Some apples are bananas (I) + Some bananas are
grapes (I) = I + 1 = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion
does not follow.

5; There is no negative statement. Hence, both conclusions
and II follow.
4; Some rooms are windows (I) + All cards are windows
conversion
Some windows are cards (I) = I + I = No conclusion.

Again, All flowers are rooms (A) + Some rooms are
windows (I) = A + I = No conclusion. Hence, conclusion
II does not follow.

Syllogism - 300: All Sword Being Blades Is A Possibility

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Syllogism - 300: All Sword Being Blades Is A Possibility

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[1]

only conclusion II follows.

Statements: Some tigers are panthers.

Some tomatoes may be goods.

All eggs being goods is a possibility.

Statements: All princes are kings.

only conclusion II follows.

Conclusions: I. Some bags being black is a possibility.

only conclusion I follows.

All flowers are red.

All reds are beautiful.

Some seas are oceans.

only conclusion II follows.

All tasty things are yummy.

Conclusions: I. Some ice being yummy is a possibility.

if both conclusions I and II follow.

Some powders are soaps.

Conclusions: I. Some soaps are detergents.

Only detergents are powders.

Some animals are cows.

All bottles are files.

Some ice are drops.

Conclusions: I. There is a possibility that all drops are books.

Statements: Some balls are tables.

Some tables are ipods.

All ipods are chalks.

II. Some balls are not chairs.

if only conclusion II follows.

Conclusions: I. At least some brushes are colours.

II. No brush is a colour.

II. Some air is definitely not liquid.

All colleges are schools.

All schools are hostels.

Conclusions: I. Some colleges are not hostels.

All papers are notebooks.

Conclusions: I. All pens being notebooks is a possibility.

All coolers are fans.

Conclusions: I. No fan is a table.

Statements: Some erasers are pens.

All boxes are pens.

Conclusions: I. All erasers being boxes is a possibility.

Some strong are winners.

All winners are modest.

Conclusions: I. No modest is strong.

All metals are precious.

All toles are green.

Statements: Some kites are papers. Some papers are black.

At least some queens are girls.

only conclusion I follows.

Statements: Some apartments are huts.

All apartments are buildings.

Some apartments are not cottages.

II. All buildings being huts is a possibility.

Statements: All staplers are printers.

Some moons, if they are planets, are also fans.

II. All universes being fans is a possibility.

All professors, if they are intelligent, are also honest

All locks are keys.

Some doors are keys.

Conclusions: I. At least some balls are doors.

All ants are cobras.

Conclusions: I. All lizards being cobras is a possibility.

only conclusion II follows.