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CHAPTER 2 : FORCES AND MOTION
(2) Effect of force (F=ma) To investigate the 1. Switch on power supply and a ticker timer.
Manipulated:
relationship between 2. The trolley is pulled down the inclined runway with
Force applied by
force and an elastic cord attached to the hind post of the
an elastic cord,F
acceleration trolley.
Responding: 3. The elastic cord is stretched until the other end is
acceleration of with the front end of the trolley. The length is
F, a trolley,a maintained as the trolley runs down the runway.
4. The ticker tape obtained is cut into strips of 10‐
mass constant ticks and the acceleration, produced by the one
Constant:
unit of force is calculated by using the formula,
mass//number of
a=v‐u/t
trolley
5. The experiment is repeated with 2,3,4 and 5
identical elastic cord.
(3) Velocity and height of a trolley To investigate the 1. A ticker tape is attached to a trolley and passed
Manipulated:
relationship between through a ticker‐timer connected to a power
Height of a trolley
velocity and height of supply.
a trolley Responding: 2. The trolley is placed at a height,h=10.0cm from the
velocity table top. The height, h is measured by using a ruler
and recorded.
Constant: angle of 3. The power supply is turned on and the trolley is
inclined runway,θ released to the run down the runway.
4. The velocity of the trolley at the bottom of the
runway is determined
θ
θ Using the formula
V= Distance traveled,s
Time for 5 ticks
= s cm
5 ticks X 0.02s
5. The experiment repeated with a height,h=15.0cm,
20.0cm, 25.0cm and 30.0cm.
(4) Velocity and distance of spring compression To investigate the 1. Switch on the power supply and ticker timer.
Manipulated:
relationship between 2. Compress the spring by pushing the trolley at a
distance of spring
velocity/speed and distance, x =2.0cm measured by a ruler.
compression
distance of spring 3. Release the trolley and calculate the velocity of a
compression Responding: trolley from a ticker tape by using the formula,
velocity/speed
Constant: elasticity
of a spring/ spring V= Distance traveled,s
constant Time for 5 ticks
= s cm
5 ticks X 0.02s
4. The experiment repeated with a distance
compression,x =4.0cm, 6.0cm, 8.0cm and 10.0cm.
(5) Velocity/speed and distance of spring stretching To investigate the 1. Switch on the power supply and ticker timer.
Manipulated:
relationship between 2. Pull the trolley at a distance x =2.0cm measured by
distance of spring
velocity and distance a ruler.
stretching
of spring stretching 3. Release the trolley and calculate the velocity of a
Responding: trolley from a ticker tape by using the formula,
velocity/speed
Constant:
elasticity of a
spring/ spring V= Distance traveled,s
constant/stiffness/ Time for 5 ticks
diameter/thickness
of a spring = s cm
5 ticks X 0.02s
4. The experiment repeated by pulling the trolley at a
distance,x =4.0cm,6.0cm,8.0cm and 10.0cm.
CHAPTER 3 : FORCES AND PRESSURE
(8) Archimedes Principle To investigate the 1. The weight of iron rod in air is measured by
Manipulated: Depth
relationship between using a spring balance,W0
of iron rod in the
buoyant force/up 2. The iron rod is lowered vertically in the water
water,L/ volume of
thrust and the depth of at depth, L=5.0cm
water displaced
iron rod in the 3. The weight of iron in the water is
water/volume of Responding: buoyant measured,W1.
water displaced force/up thrust 4. The buoyant force,B is measured by using a
formula
B= W1 – W0.
Constant: density of a
5. The experiment is repeated with depth,
liquid
L=10.0cm,15.0cm,20.0cm and 25.0cm.
CHAPTER 4 : HEAT (GAS LAW)
(11) Pressure Law (Pressure and Temperature) To investigate the 1. The water bath is heated and continuously
Manipulated:
relationship between stirred until the temperature of the water
Temperature of
pressure and reaches 20°C.
trapped air,θ
temperature of a gas 2. The pressure of the air is measured by using
Responding: the Bourdon gauge.
Pressure of trapped 3. The experiment is repeated by increases the
air temperature 40°C,60°C, 80°C and 100°C.
Constant:
mass/volume of
trapped air
CHAPTER 5: LIGHT
CHAPTER 6 : WAVE
plate at thickness 0.6cm,0.9cm,1.2cm and
1.5cm.
(2) SOUND WAVE (λ = ax/D) To investigate the 1. Place a signal generator and two loudspeakers
Manipulated:
X and a (λ,D constant) relationship between on a long bench in an open space.
distance between
distance between two 2. Adjust the separation, a, of the two speakers A
two loud speakers,
Distance between two consecutive loud sound,x and consecutive loud and B to 1.0m.
a
distance between two loud speakers, a sounds,x and 3. Switch on the signal generator.
distance between two Responding: 4. An observer stand 5m in front of A and B and
loud speakers,a. distance between walks in a straight line parallel to AB.
two consecutive 5. The distance between two consecutive loud
loud sounds,x sound heard, x, is measured by metre rule.
6.Repeat the experiment with distance between
Constant: frequency two loudspeakers, a=1.2m, 1.4m,1.6m,1.8m
of the signal and 2.0m.
generator
CHAPTER 7: ELECTRIC
CHAPTER 8 : ELECTROMAGNETISM
Ac power
supply