Variable

Resistor is used as a potential divider by using 3 terminals it is called a

potentiometer. When only two terminals are used, it functions as a variable
resistance and is called a rheostat.

Fixed
resistor cannot be changed as it is set at a specific value; Fixed value resistors
have a defined ohmic resistance and are not adjustable. Fixed resistors
are the most commonly used resistors and in general one of
the most used electronic components.

contains

Diode is a device that blocks current in one direction while

letting current flow in another direction. It can be used in a
number of ways. For example, a device that uses batteries often
a diode that protects the device if you insert the batteries backward.

Capacitor is used with a resistor in a timing circuit. It can also be used as a filter, to block
DC signals but pass AC signals. Polarised Capacitors plates are polarity sensitive and are
normally electrolytic and tend to be bigger than normal non-polarised capacitors.

is

A lightsuitable
electron holes

Transistors can be regarded as a type of switch, as can many electronic

components. They are used in a variety of circuits and you will find that it
rare that a circuit built in a school Technology Department does not
contain at least one transistor.
emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a pn
junction diode, which emits light when activated. When a
voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with
within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons.

Integrated Circuit
can function as
computer memory, or
either linear (analog) or digital,

an amplifier, oscillator, timer, counter,

microprocessor. A particular IC is categorized as
depending on its intended application.

URL: http://www.rapidtables.com/electric/electrical_symbols.htm
Variable
Resistor is used as a potential divider by using 3 terminals it is called a
potentiometer. It works by adjusting the path that current has to flow. And by
varying the resistance for purposes like a volume control or a
brightness control.

Fixed resistor can be used to limit the overall current flow between two discrete sub circuits.
Also function as bleeders in circuits with large inherent (or wantonly
added) capacitances. It has the function of limiting the capacitor
current when the terminals across a capacitor get short circuited (like if a power electronic switch
with the capacitor across it turns on).

contains

Diode is a device that blocks current in one direction while

letting current flow in another direction. It can be used in a
number of ways. For example, a device that uses batteries often
a diode that protects the device if you insert the batteries backward.

Capacitor it reverses its charges as the current alternates and produces a lagging voltage (in
other words, capacitor provides leading current in AC circuits and networks). Polarised
Capacitor are used in DC power supplies to filter the AC ripple after the rectifier. The
rectifier turns AC into pulsating DC, and with a capacitor across the output it holds a
charge so the pulsating DC never goes down to zero. So now you have smooth DC comparable
to a battery. Without this filtering, you would hear a hum in the speakers if you used this
power supply with any audio equipment.
Transistors When it works as an amplifier, it takes in a tiny electric current at
one end (an input current) and produces a much bigger electric current (an
output current) at the other. In other words, it's a kind of current booster. Like
hearing aids.
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that
emits visible light when an electric current passes through it. The light is not
particularly bright, but in most LEDs it is monochromatic, occurring at a single
wavelength.
Integrated Circuit can function as an Flip-flops, Logic gates, Timers, Counters,
Multiplexers, Calculator chips, Memory chips, Clock chips,
Microprocessors, Microcontrollers, Temperature sensors. A particular IC is
categorized as either linear (analog) or digital, depending on its intended
application.
URL: http://www.rapidtables.com/electric/electrical_symbols.htm