LiMu

Nhndnglbitonxuthincchykhluvvnlun
thuhtcnhiusquantm,nghincu.cbitltrongvithpnin
gn y, do s thc y ca qu trnh tin hc ho trong mi lnh vc, bi
ton nhn dng khng cn dng li mc nghin cu na m n tr
thnh mt lnh vc p dng vo thc t. Cc biton nhn dng ang
c ngdngtrongthcthinnaytptrungvonhndngmu,nhn
dngtingnivnhndngch.Trongsny,nhndngchlbiton
cquan tm rt nhiu v cng t cnhiuthnhtu rc r.Cc
ngdngcnghathctlncthknnh:nhndngchindng
trong qu trnh sao lu sch bo trong th vin, nhn dng ch vit tay
dngtrongvicphnloithbuin,thanhtontintrongnhbngv
lp th vin sch cho ngi m (ng dng nyc ngha: scan sch bnh
thng,sauchomytnhnhndngvtrvdngtiliumngim
cthcc).
Xutphttyucuthct,angrtcncnhngnghincuvvn
ny.Chnhvvytichn tinhndngkt vittaylm n
ttnghipvimongmunphnnopdngvobitonthct.
Bitontraphigiiquytcnhngyucusau:

Nhndngccckttnhuvo

Trchchncccctrngcanh

TinhnhnhndngvithuttonMarkovn
Vinhngyucutratrn,cutrccakhalunsbaogm

nhngnidungsauy:

Chng1:Giithiuti
Giithiuv bitonnhndngch vittay,tnhhnh
nghincutrongvngoinc,quytrnhchunggiiquytbi
tonvccphngphpinhnhtrongvichunluynnhn
dng,phmvicati.

Chng2:C s lthuytv tinx l nhkt vtrch

chnctrng
Trnhbylthuytv lcnhiu,nh phnha,chunha
kchthc,trchchnctrngnhkt.

Chng3:CSLTHUYTVMARKOVN
Trnhbycckhinimc bn,thuttoncamhnh
Markov

Chng4: NGDNGMHNHMARKOV NTRONG

NHNDNGCHVITTAY
Giithiuvthuttonnhndng.Ccbccitthut
ton.Nhngkhkhnvgiiphpkhcphc.

Chng5:CITCHNGTRNHVNHGIKT

QU
Trnhbymitrngcit,giaodinchngtrnh,mt
sclasschnhcachngtrnh.anhgiaktquav

arahng
phttrintrongtngli.

Phuluc:Danhm

chnhv,bngbiuvtiliuthamkho.
annykhngtrnhkh

isthiustdohnchvthi
giancngnhkinthc.Emrtmongnhncsnggp
kincathyhngdnvccbntktqutthn.

CHNGI:GIITHIUTI
I.1Giithiuvnhndngchvittay
Nhndngch in:cgiiquytgnnh trnvn(snphm
FineReader9.0cahngABBYYcthnhndngchintheo192ngnng
khcnhau,phnmmnhndngchVitinVnDOCR4.0caVinCng
ngh ThngtinHNicth nhndngccctiliuchahnh nh,
bngvvnbnvichnhxctrn98%).
Nhndngchvittay:vncnlvn thchthclnivicc
nhnghincu.Bitonnychath giiquyttrnvncvnhon
tonphthucvongivitvsbiniquadngtrongcchvitv
trngthisckhe,tinhthncatngngivit.
I.1.1Ccgiaionphttrin

Giaion1:(19001980)

Nhndngch cbitnt nm1900,khinhkhoahc

ngi Nga Tyuring pht trin mt phng tin tr gip cho nhng
ngim.

Ccsnphmnhndngchthngmictnhngnm1950,

khimytnhlnutincgiithiutnhnngmivnhpvlu
trdliuhaichiubngcybtvittrnmttmbng

cm

ng.Cngnghminychophpccnhnghinculmvictrncc
bitonnhndngchvittayonline.

Mhnhnhndngch vitc xutt nm1951dopht

minhcaM.SheppardcgilGISMO,mtrobotcvit.

Nm1954,mynhndngchutincphttrinbiJ.

Rainbowdngcchinhoanhngrtchm.

Nm1967,CngtyIBMthngmihahthngnhndng

ch.

Giaion2:(19801990)

Visphttrincaccthitbphncngmytnhvccthit

bthuthunhndliu,ccphngphplunnhndngcpht
trintronggiaiontrcccmitrngltng trin
khaiccngdngnhndngch.

Cchngtipcntheocutrcvisnhcpdngtrong

nhiuhthngnhndngch.

Tronggiaionny,cchngnghincuch tptrungvocc

k thutnhndnghnhdngch chapdngchothngtinng
ngha.iunydnns hnch v hiusutnhndng,khng
hiuqutrongnhiungdngthct.

Giaion3:(T1990nnay)

Cchthngnhndngthigianthccchtrngtronggiai

onny.

Cckthutnhndngkthpviccphngphpluntrong

lnhvchcmy(MachineLearning)cpdngrthiuqu.

Mts cngc hcmyhiuqu nh mngn ron,mhnh

Markov n, SVM (Support Vector Machines) v x l ngn ng t

nhin...
I.1.2Tnhhnhnghincutrongnc:
Nhndngch vittaycchiathnhhailpbitonlnlnhn
dngchvittaytrctuyn(online)vnhndngchvittayngoituyn
(offline).Trongnhndngchvittayngoituyn,dliuuvoc
chodidngcc nhcqutt ccgiyt,vnbn.Ngclinhn

dngchvittaytrctuynlnhndngccchtrnmnhnhngaykhin
cvit.Tronghnhndngnymytnhs luliccthngtinv nt
chnhthtntvit,hngvtccant
TiVitNam,nm2010,nhmnghincuHunhHuLc,LuQuc
Hi,inhcAnhV(KhoaKhoahcvK thutmytnh,Trngi
hcBchkhoaTPHChMinh)tcnhngbctinngktrong
nhndngkt vittay.Hngtipcncanhmnghinculnhn
dngdatrnthngtintnh.Datrnnntnggiithutrttrchthngtin
theochiu,nhmtcgi citinas ccbc tc chnh
xccaohntrongvicnhndngkt (khong95%)vcnhngbc
tinngk trongnhndngc t.Tuynhinsnphmvnchanhn
dngcchvittaytingVit.Nhvycththynhndngchvit
tay,cbitchvittaytingVithinanglmthngnghincurt
cquantmhinnayvangcnnhiuvncnphihonthin.
I.1.3Tnhhnhnghincuncngoi:
Nhndngch vitcnghincuhn40nmqua.Ngynay
nhndngchvitnhncsquantmngkdosphttrinca
ccmytnhcmtayvinthoicmtaydatrnccbnphm,chutv
nhiudngthitbnhvkhc.Ccphngphpnytrakhnghuhiu
hocx lchm.Dongitacnnghincuphngphpnghincu
phngphpnhndngch vittaytrnccmyPalmPilothayccmy
TABLETPC.

I.2Cchtipcngiiquytbiton

lsinhvin,hcsinh.Phttrinthmv mtd liu trngtrnhcth

hotngttvidliucacctrngtrnhqunly.
Citinmtsthuttontinxlchngtrnhctctt

hn.
Phttringiaodinthnthinhnvingisdng.

TILIUTHAMKHO

TiliuthamkhotingVit:
[1]

NguyncDng,NguynMinhTun.Mtsphngphpnhndngv
ng dng trong nhn dng ch vit tay. Kho lun tt nghip i hc
2003,KhoaCngnghihcQucgiaHni,tr.1743

[2]

Hong Kim, Nguyn Hng Sn, o Minh Sn (2001). ng dng

mngneuronnhntotronghthngxlbiumutng.Kyuhi
nghknim25thnhlpVinCngnghThngtin,tr.13.

[3]

Nguyn Th Thanh Tn. Nhn dng ch vit tay hn ch da trn m hnh

mngneuronkthpvithngkngcnh.Lunvnthcs,HQGHN,
tr.383

TiliuthamkhotingAnh:
[4] AnilK.Jain,JianchangMao,K.M.Mohiuddin(1996).ArtificialNeural
NetworksATutorial.IEEE,tr.3144
[5] BaretO.andSimonJ.C.(1992).CursiveWordsRecognition.FromPixelsto
FeaturesIIIFrontiersinHandwritingRecognition,tr.12.
[6]

Behnke S., Pfister M. and Rojas, R. (2000). Recognition of Handwritten ZIP

CodesinaRealWorldNonStandardLetterSortingSystem.Kluwer

AcademicPublishers,tr.95115.
[7] DaveAndersonandGeorgeMcNeill(1992).ArtificialNeuralNetworks
Technology.PreparedforRomeLaboratoryRL/C3CGriffissAFB,NY13441
5700,tr217.
[8]www.codeproject.com