2nd year civil

.1st semester 2010

Fluid mechanics

Tanta University
Faculty of Eng
Irri. & Hyd. Eng. Dept

Sheet No. (4)

Buoyancy and Floatation

1- Define the following terms:
Buoyancy, center of buoyancy, force of buoyancy, meta-center and meta-centric height.
2- Differentiate between center of gravity and center of buoyancy.
3- What are the conditions of equilibrium of a floating body and a submerged body. Explain using neat
sketches.
4- Find the volume of the water displaced and position of center of buoyancy for a wooden block of
width 2.5 m and of depth 1.5 m, when it floats horizontally in water. The density of the wooden block
is 650 kg/m3 and its length is 6 m.
5- A stone weights 392.4 N in air and 196.2 N in water. Compute the volume of stone and its specific
gravity.
6- A body of dimensions 1.5 m 1.0 m 2 m, weighs 1962 N in water. Find its weight in air. What will be
its specific gravity.
7- A rectangular pontoon is 5 m long, 3 m wide and 1.2 m high. The depth of immersion of the pontoon
is 0.80 m in seawater. If the center of gravity is 0.6 m above the bottom of the pontoon, determine the
meta-centric height. The density of seawater is 1025 kg/m3.
8- A block of wood of specific gravity 0.7 floats in water. Determine the meta-centric height of the block
if its size is 2 m 1.0 m 0.8 m.
9- A solid cylinder of diameter 4.0 m has a height of 3 meters. Find the meta-centric height of the
cylinder when it is floating in water with its axis vertical. The specific gravity of the cylinder is 0.6.
10- A solid cylinder of diameter 4.0 m has a height of 4.0 m. Find the meta-centric height of the cylinder if
the specific gravity of the material of cylinder is 0.6 and it is floating in water with its axis vertical.
State whether the equilibrium is stable or unstable.
11- A wooden cylinder of specific gravity = 0.6 and circular in cross section is required to float in oil
(specific gravity = 0.9). Find the L/D ratio for the cylinder to float with its longitudinal axis vertical in
oil, where L is the height of cylinder and D is its diameter.
12- Show that a cylindrical buoy of 1 m diameter and 2 m height weighing 7.848 kN will not float
vertically in seawater of density 1030 kg/m3. Find the force necessary in a vertical chain attached at
the center of base of buoy that will keep it vertical.
13- A solid cone floats in water with its apex downwards. Determine the least apex angle of cone for stable
equilibrium. The specific gravity of the material of the cone is given 0.8.
14- A cone of specific gravity S, is floating in water with its apex downwards. It has a diameter D and
vertical height H. show that for stable equilibrium of the cone

Dr. Bakenaz A. Zedan

2nd year civil

.1st semester 2010
Fluid mechanics

Tanta University
Faculty of Eng
Irri. & Hyd. Eng. Dept

Dr. Bakenaz A. Zedan