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List of Indian timber trees

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There are over 150 species of timber which are produced in India. Following are the chief varieties of timber

Contents

(trees)which are used for engineering purposes in India:

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Common

Binomial

name

nomenclature

Characteristics,
Colour

Density

Location

Status

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Elastic, close-

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grained, and

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Maharashtra,

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Andhra
Aini or

Artocarpus

Yellowish

Aangili

hirsutus

brown

595 kg/m3

1,003 lb/cu yd

Pradesh,
Tamil Nadu,
Karnataka,

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Kerala

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used underwater.
It is used for
ordinary building
construction,
structural work,

It is heavy and

Terminalia

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polish. It can be

and so forth.

Permanent link

Print/export

strong. It takes

paving, furniture

Special pages

Cite this page

Usage and

Arjun

arjuna

Dark

Terminalia

brown[1]

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strong. It has
870

kg/m3

1,470 lb/cu yd Central India

such uses as
beams, rafters,
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beams, rafters,

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and posts.

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Andhra

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Axlewood

Anogeissus

930 kg/m3

latifolia

1,570 lb/cu yd

Pradesh,

It is very strong,

Tamil Nadu,

hard and tough.

Maharashtra, It takes a smooth

Madhya

finish. It is

Pradesh,

subject to

Bihar, Uttar

cracking.

Pradesh
Rajasthan,
Andhra
Pradesh,
Maharashtra,
Madhya
Babul

Acacia nilotica

Whitish

subsp. indica

red

835 kg/m3

1,407 lb/cu yd

Pradesh,
Tamil Nadu,
Karnataka,
Bengal,
Gujarat,
Uttar
Pradesh

and tough and it

takes up a good
polish. It is used
for such products
as bodies and
wheels of bullock
cart, agricultural
instruments, tool
handles, and well
curbs.
It is close-

Mimusops
Bakul

It is strong, hard

elengi

Reddish

Mimusops

brown

parvifolia[2]

880 kg/m3

1,480 lb/cu yd

Some parts
of North India

grained and
tough. It is used
for making
cabinets.
Not actually a
tree, but a woody

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grass, it is
flexible, very

Bamboo

Throughout

strong and

Family

India,

durable. It is

Poaceae, tribe

especially

used for

Bambuseae

Assam and

scaffoldings,

Bengal

thatched roofs,
rafters,
temporary
bridges, and so
forth.
It is strong and
durable only
under water. The

Banyan

Ficus
benghalensis

Brown

580 kg/m3

980 lb/cu yd

Throughout

aerial roots are

India

utilized for such

items as tent
poles and well
curbs.
It is strong and
takes up a

Benteak

Lagerstoemia
parviflora

675 kg/m3

1,138 lb/cu yd

Kerala,

smooth surface.

Madras,

It may be used

Maharashtra, for building

Karnataka

constructions,
boat building and
furniture.
It is coarse-

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Karnataka,
Andhra
Pradesh,
Madhya
Bijasal

Pterocarpus

Light

marsupium

brown

800 kg/m3

1,300 lb/cu yd

Pradesh,
Maharashtra,
Kerala, Uttar
Pradesh,
Tamil Nadu,
Orissa

grained, durable
and strong but
difficult to work.
Termites (also
known as white
ant) do not easily
attack it. It is
used for ordinary
building
construction and
for cart wheels.
Vulnerable [3]
It grows straight.
It is strong and
fibrous. It is,

Casuarina

Casuarina spp.

Reddish
brown

Andhra
765 kg/m3

1,289 lb/cu yd Pradesh,

Tamil Nadu

however, badly
twisted. It is often
used for
scaffolding and
posts for
temporary
structures.
Takes polish.
Requires
preservative

Coconut

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Cocos nucifera

Reddish

Throughout

brown

coastal India

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treatment. Used
as poles, piles,
furniture and as
formwork in
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concrete
construction.
Deodar is the
most important
timber tree
providing soft
wood. It can be
easily worked
and it is
moderately
Deodar

Cedrus

Yellowish

deodara

brown

Himalayas,
560 kg/m3

strong. It

940 lb/cu yd Punjab, Uttar possesses

Pradesh

distinct annual
rings. It is used
for making cheap
furniture, railway
carriages, railway
sleepers,
packing boxes,
structural work
and so forth.
It can be easily
worked and is
strong and
durable
especially when

Gambar

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Gmelina

Pale

arborea

yellow

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580 kg/m3

980 lb/cu yd

Central India, used under

South India

water. It is used
for such products
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as furniture,
carriage, well
curbs, yokes,
and door panels.
Hopea is
extremely strong
and tough. It is
difficult to work.
However, it can
be seasoned
easily and it is
durable and not
Hopea

Hopea
parviflora

Light to
deep

1,010 kg/m3

1,700 lb/cu yd

brown

Madras,
Kerala

likely to be
damaged by
white ants. It has
been variously
used for ordinary
house
construction,
railway sleepers,
piles, and boat
building.
Endangered [4]
It is moderately

Himalayan
Elm, Indian
Elm

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hard and strong.

Ulmus
wallichiana

Red

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960 kg/m3

1,620 lb/cu yd

Throughout

It is used for door

India

and window
frames, carts,
and so forth.
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Ironwood is
durable though it
is very hard and
is not easily
worked. It even
resists

Ironwood,

penetration of

Penaga
Lilin,
Bosneak,

Mesua ferrea

Reddish

960

brown[5]

1,060 kg/m3

nails. It is used
1,6201,790 lb/cu yd[6]

for ordinary
house

Gangaw,

construction,

Mesua

bridges, piles,
agricultural
instruments,
railway wagons,
and railway
sleepers.
It is very hard,
heavy and
durable. Difficult
to work, it also
Karnataka,
Kerala,

Irul,
Pyinkado

Xylia xylocarpa

830
1,060 kg/m3

Andhra
1,4001,790 lb/cu yd[7] Pradesh,
Maharashtra,
Orissa, Tamil
Nadu

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requires slow
and careful
seasoning. It is
used for railway
sleepers,
agricultural
instruments,
paving blocks,
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and heavy
construction.
Least
concern [8]
It is compact and
even grained. It
is moderately
strong and easy
to work. It takes a
good finish and

Jack

Mangifera
caesia.

Karnataka,

Yellow,
darkens

595

kg/m3

with age

1,003 lb/cu yd

Maharashtra,
Tamil Nadu,
Kerala

maintains its
shape well. It has
many uses
including plain
furniture, boat
construction, well
curbs, door
panels, cabinet
making and
musical
instruments.
Hard and
durable, it can be
easily worked. It
takes a good

Jarul

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Lagerstroemia
flos-reginae

Light
reddish
gray

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Assam,
640 kg/m3

1,080 lb/cu yd Bengal,

Maharashtra

finish and is used

for house
construction,
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boat building,
railway carriages,
cart making and
scaffolding.
It is heavy and
hard. It is durable
under water and
in damp
Karnataka,
Kathal,
Keledang,[9]
Jackfruit

Artocarpus
heterophyllus

Andhra

Yellow to
deep

800 kg/m3

brown

1,300 lb/cu yd[9]

Pradesh,
Kerala,
Maharashtra,
Tamil Nadu

conditions,
however, it
cracks if exposed
to direct sun.
White ants do
not attack it. It is
used for piles,
platforms of
wooden bridges,
door and window
panels.
It is strong, hard
and tough. It is
subject to
cracking and

Karnataka,
Andhra
Pradesh,
Lauraceae,
Saj
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Lauraceae

Dark
brown[10]

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Bihar,
880 kg/m3

1,480 lb/cu yd Orissa,

attack by dry rot.

White ants do
not attack it. It
takes a smooth
finish. It is used
for such
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Saj

brown

Madhya
Pradesh,
Kerala, Tamil
Nadu

for such
purposes as
house
construction,
boat
construction,
railway sleepers
and structural
work.
It takes a good
polish and is
easily worked. It
is durable under

Mahogany

Swietenia spp.

Reddish
brown

720 kg/m3

water. It is most

1,210 lb/cu yd

commonly used
for furniture,
pattern making
and cabinet
work.
The mango tree
is well known for
its fruits. It is
easy to work and
it maintains its
shape well. It is

Mango

Mangifera spp

Deep
gray

560
720 kg/m3

9401,210 lb/cu

yd[11]

Throughout
India

moderately
strong. It is most
often used for
cheap furniture,

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toys, packing
boxes, cabinet
work, panels for
doors and for
windows.
It is strong, tough
and elastic. It
takes up a clean
finish. It can be
well seasoned. It
is turned and
Mulberry

Morus spp.

Brown

650 kg/m3

1,100 lb/cu yd Punjab

carved easily.
Mulberry is
typically used for
baskets and
sports goods like
hockey sticks,
tennis rackets
and cricket bats.
Oak is strong
and durable, with

Oak

Quercus spp.

Yellowish
brown

865 kg/m3

1,458 lb/cu yd

straight silvery
grain. It is used
for preparing
sporting goods.
It contains ripe
wood in the outer
crust. The colour

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of this ripened
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of this ripened
wood is dark
Palm

Arecaceae

Dark
brown

1,040 kg/m3

1,750 lb/cu yd

Throughout

brown. It is

India

strong, durable
and fibrous. Palm
is used for
furniture, roof
covering, rafters
and joists.
Pine wood is
hard and tough
except white pine
which is soft. It
decays easily if it
comes into
contact with soil.
It is heavy and
coarse grained. It

Pine

Pinus spp.

is used for
pattern making,
frames for doors
and windows,
and for paving
material. White
pine is light and
straight grained
and is used in
the manufacture
of matches.

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It is soft and
even grained. It
Red[1]

Red cedar

480 kg/m3

810 lb/cu yd

Assam,

is used for

Nagpur

furniture, door
panels and well
curbs.
It is strong, tough
and closegrained. It is a
handsome wood
that takes up a

Rosewood

Dalbergia
latifolia

Kerala,

high polish. It

Karnataka,

maintains its

Maharashtra, shape well and is

Dark[1]

850 kg/m3

1,430 lb/cu yd[12] Madhya

available in large

Pradesh,

sizes. It is used

Tamil Nadu,

for furniture of

Orrissa

superior quality,
cabinet work,
ornamental
carvings and so
forth.
Vulnerable [13]
It is hard, fibrous
and close-

Karnataka,
Andhra
Pradesh,
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grained. It does
not take up a
good polish. It
requires slow
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Maharashtra,
Sal

Shorea
robusta

Brown[1]

880
1,050

kg/m3

1,4801,770 lb/cu yd[14]

Uttar
Pradesh,
Bihar,
Madhya
Pradesh,
Orissa

requires slow
and careful
seasoning. It is
durable under
ground and
water. It is used
for railway
sleepers,
shipbuilding, and
bridges.
It has a pleasant

Sandalwood Santalum spp.

White or
Red

930 kg/m3

1,570 lb/cu yd

Karnataka,

smell. It is

Tamil Nadu,

commonly used

Kerala,

for agricultural

Assam,

instruments, well

Nagpur,

curbs, wheels,

Bengal

and mallets.
Vulnerable [15]
It is very hard
and durable. It is

Satinwood

Chloroxylon
swietenia

Central and
Yellow[16]

960 kg/m3

1,620 lb/cu yd Southern

India

close grained. It
is used for
furniture and
other ornamental
works.
Vulnerable [17]
It is a loose
grained, inferior
quality wood.

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Light in weight, it
Simul

Bombax spp.

White

450 kg/m3

760 lb/cu yd All over India

is used for
packing cases,
the match
industry, well
curbs, and for
cheap furniture.
Hard and
durable, Siris
wood is difficult

Siris

Albizia spp.

Dark

North India

brown

to work. It is used
for well curbs in
salty water,
beams, posts,
and furniture.
Also known as
shisham or tali,
this wood is
strong and
tough. It is
durable and
handsome and it
maintains its
shape well. It can

Mysore,

be easily

Maharashtra, seasoned. It is
Sissoo

Dalbergia

Yellowish

sissoo

white

770 kg/m3

1,300 lb/cu yd

Assam,

Bengal, Uttar but it takes a fine

Pradesh,

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difficult to work
polish. It is used
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Orissa

for high quality

furniture,
plywoods, bridge
piles, sport
goods, railway
sleepers and so
forth. It is a very
good material for
decorative works
and carvings.
Spruce wood
resists decay
and is not
affected by the
attack of marine
borers. It is

Spruce

Picea spp.

480 kg/m3

810 lb/cu yd

however liable to
shrink, twist and
warp. It is used
for piles under
water and
(formerly) for
aeroplane
construction.
It is hard and
tough. It is
difficult to season
and work. It is

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elastic and close

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grained. It is
strong and
Sundri

Heritiera fomes Dark red

960 kg/m3

1,620 lb/cu yd Bengal

durable. These
qualities make it
suited for such
uses as boat
building, piles,
poles, tool
handles, and
carriage shafts.
Tamarind is
knotty and
durable. It is a
beautiful tree for
avenue and
gardens. Its
development is
very slow but it

Tamarind

Tamarindus

Dark

indica

brown

1,300 kg/m3 2,200 lb/cu yd[citation needed] All over India

ultimately forms a
massive
appearance. Its
fruit is also very
useful. It is used
for agricultural
instruments, well
curbs, sugar
mills, carts and
brick burning.

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Moderately hard,
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teak is durable
and fireresistant. It can
be easily
seasoned and
worked. It takes
up a good polish
and is not
Deep
Teak

Tectona

yellow to

grandis

dark

639 kg/m3

brown[18]

1,077 lb/cu yd[19]

Central India

attacked by white

and

ants and dry rot.

Southern

It does not

India

corrode iron
fastenings and it
shrinks little. It is
among the most
valuable timber
trees of the world
and its use is
limited to
superior work
only.
It can be easily
worked. It is light
in weight. It is

Reddish
Toon, Red
Cedar[20]

Toona ciliata

brown or
dull
red[1]

used for such

450 kg/m3

760 lb/cu yd[20] Assam

products as
furniture, packing
boxes, cabinet
making and door

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panels.
After seasoning at 12% moisture content

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Indian Mangrove

[edit]

Caucasian Maple
Himalayan Maple
Singkrang
Lobed-leaf Alangium
Sage Leaved Alangium
Wild Mango
Netted Custard Apple
Sugar Apple
Mango
Kakkar
Brazilian Pepper
Cashew
Chironji Tree
Indian Ash Tree
Ylang Ylang
Ashok
Batino
Crape Jasmine
Mexican Oleander
Woolly Dyeing Rosebay
Frangipani pink
Frangipani red
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Nag Kudagr
Madagascar Palm
White Frangipani
Common White Frangipani
Devil Tree
Sea Mango
Indrajao
Peacock Chaste Tree
Chaste Tree
Tree of Life
Asian Bushbeech
Parrot's Beak
Teak
West Indian Elm
East-Indian Screw Tree
Looking Glass Mangrove
Bothi
Scarlet Sterculia
Pale Sterculia
Buddha Coconut
Java Olive
Spotted Sterculia
Large Leaf Looking Glass Tree
Guest Tree
Kanak Champa
Fiddlewood
Arni
Gamhar
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Wild Tamarind
Moulmein Rosewood
Pongam Tree
Badminton Ball Tree
Tree Bean
Jerusalem Thorn
Jhand
Algaroba
Prickly Padauk
White Locust Tree
Rain Tree
Agati
Common Sesban
Tipu Tree
Sweet Chestnut
Woolly Leaved Oak
Blackjack Oak
Governor's Plum
Coffee Plum
Mountain Sweet Thorn
Chhal Mogra
Fried Egg Tree
Dandal
Ginkgo
Himalayan Tree Hydrangea
Pisa
Nelthare
Indian Bay Leaf
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Cinnamon
Meda

See also

[edit]

Flora of the Indian epic period

Flora of Madhya Pradesh
Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education

References
1. ^ a

bc de

[edit]

Wood Carving Industries Private Limited : About Us

2. ^ Mimusops elengi
3. ^ 2007 IUCN Red List Search
4. ^ 2007 IUCN Red List Search
5. ^ Exotic Wood penaga
6. ^ Mesua ferrea
7. ^ Pyinkado
8. ^ [1]
9. ^ a

http://tropix.cirad.fr/asia/keledang.pdf

10. ^ http://www.woodcarving.com.np/images/saj.jpg
11. ^ Mango
12. ^ Dalbergia latifolia
13. ^ 2007 IUCN Red List Search
14. ^ Sal - Shorea robusta - Flora - Tree - Timber - Haryana Online - North India
15. ^ 2007 IUCN Red List Search
16. ^ Exotic Wood satinwood
17. ^ 2007 IUCN Red List Search
18. ^ Exotic Wood teak
19. ^ http://tropix.cirad.fr/asia/teak.pdf
20. ^ a

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Nrrpc-Wood Property Report On Camphor Laurel

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Categories: Lists of trees

Wood

Trees of India

Lists of biota of India

This page w as last modified on 18 December 2016, at 22:28.

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