ENTWRF

Klimazone: Tropen
Ort:

Tripura, Indien

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Klimagerechtes Bauen I Entwrf

Dipayan Bhowmik 3189999

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Klimagerechtes Bauen I Baumaterialen und grauen Energien

Dipayan Bhowmik 3189999

TROPICAL CLIMATE | Building Design Considerations

Hot, wet Summers, High level of humidity and little change between day and night temperatures
Movement of air is an important
Open up houses as much as possible
Use lightweight materials for the walls and roof. So they do not store much heat and shed heat quickly
ie steel or timber stud frame with metal, timber or fibre cement claddings
Avoid Heavy mass products, such as brick and block. Such mass re-radiate the heat they have stored
during the day, which keeps the house hot after sunset. If must use, ensure they are well shaded
Windows should be shaded from the sun and protected from rain
The roof and/or ceiling should be insulated and roof space is well vented
Room has at least two openings
The building should be engineered to withstand cyclones
Develop a long, thin floor plan with as many rooms as possible having windows or openings on at least
two walls to achieve maximum cross-ventilation
Provide covered external living areas that are positioned to catch the prevailing breezes in both the wet
and dry seasons
Insulate the eastern and western walls
Using lighter, more reflective colours on roofs and walls
Raise the ceiling height to greater than 2700mm or using sloping ceilings with a minimum height of
2400mm
Choose windows that catch the breeze and can be left open in wet conditions,
ie louvres, casements or awning windows
Use awnings to shade windows and provide rain protection
Put high level windows or vents in all rooms, to let out the hot air and draw in cooler air
However it is important that windows or vents can be closed in storms
Avoid shrubs and dense planting up to 2100mm high that will block breezes, make internal rooms darker,
and provide breeding areas for mosquitoes and other pests
Bamboo-house
Design for Natural Ventilation
Use the breeze for cross ventilation through openings in opposite walls and internal partitions
Maximise the area of windows (e.g. louvres) that can be opened
Orientate house to catch the breeze (whilst still minimising sun on east and west walls)
A long narrow floor plan catches the breeze best.
Trees and shrubs act to cool the air passing through the house.
Dont use exposed concrete on ground immediately outside the house as it heats the air.
Roof space ventilation draws the heat out.
Dirty flyscreens block more breeze. Consider using openable/removable flyscreen shutters
Minimum Insulation Standard
Light coloured well ventilated roofs: foil/sisalation
Other roofs: R1.5 batts and foil/sisalation
Full shading of wall is much more important than wall R-value. Unshaded, masonry walls store heat and
release it well into the night.
Shelter windows with louvres, canopies, shutters or fixed overhangs then you can enjoy the cooling
effect of rain.

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Klimagerechtes Bauen I Baumaterialen und grauen Energien

Dipayan Bhowmik 3189999

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Klimagerechtes Bauen I Baumaterialen und grauen Energien

Dipayan Bhowmik 3189999

Types of Embodied energy

1. Initial embodied energy

Where the Initial embodied energy represents the energy used in extracting raw materials, their
manufacturing and their processing. On the other hand a big part of the initial embodied energy is
consumed due to transportation to site and constructing the building. Therefore, the Initial embodied energy
could be divided in two sub chapters, which would be Direct and Indirect energy. The direct energy is used
for transportation and etc. and the indirect energy is used to acquire, process and manufacture the building
materials. Where the indirect energy includes the one used for transportation related to the listed activities.

2. Recurring embodied energy

The Recurring embodied energy is actually the energy used during the life cycle of the building, used to
maintain repair and restore or replace materials. A building becomes more energy-efficient, when the
embodied energy of the building is decreasing due to the long lifespan. There are buildings that claim
to be zero energy but still havent considered the energy used on the construction process itself and
the maintenance after words. That is a very common mistake in the building industry to define a building
with and energy class zero or passive when the amounts of energy used for the production is of great
significance. Architects have thought for decades that since the building is designed so that the tenants
would use small or no amounts of energy to heat, light or ventilate the building, it could be defined as a
zero energy building.

Primary Energy Input

Material
Concrete

C 35/40 grade concrete

Reinforced Concrete (2% steel reinforcement)

Masonary

Calcium silicate Brick

Clay bricks

Timber

Structural timber, Pine

Glued laminated timber

Metals

Steel
Stainless Steel
Aluminium

PEI(MJ/m)
1764
4098
2030
1663
609
3578
188400
411840
753380

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Klimagerechtes Bauen I Baumaterialen und grauen Energien

Dipayan Bhowmik 3189999

The Embodied Carbon of Building Materilas