GII PHP CHNG BM DNH THNH SIL XI MNG

8:53 PM Phi Hung Nguyen No comments Gii thiu chung Sil xi mng l mt
thit b khng th thiu trong dy chuyn sn xut xi mng. N dng lu gi
xi mng bt sau khi nghin, trc khi ng bao hoc xut ri. Do xi mng l sn
phm dng bt mn, hot tnh cng vi nhiu nguyn nhn khc, trong qu
trnh s dng thng xy ra tnh trng bt xi mng bm dnh vo thnh sil, tch
t, kt tng, lm gim th tch hiu dng ca sil, khi cc tng xi mng ri xung
s gy tc vi ng bao. Khi sil b dnh bm, kt tng gy tc vi ng bao th
vic x l n l iu rt kh khn, tn km v nguy him, nh hng rt ln n
sn xut. Chi ph mi ln v sinh thng tc cho sil rt ln, thng thng khong
trn na t ng/01 sil, tu theo mc bm dnh nhiu hay t. Mi ln v sinh
sil c hng trm thm ch hng ngn tn xi mng phi c ra, nghin li. Vic
thng tc sil rt kh khn, nguy him, thm ch xy ra tai nn cht ngi
trong khi v sinh thng tc sil mt s nh my v vic v sinh thng tc sil
thng ko di nhiu ngy lm nh hng n sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my.
Bi vit di y xin c gii thiu kt qu ca mt ti nghin cu khoa hc
cp B c Vin Vt liu Xy dng - BXD nghin cu v bc u p dng c
kt qu mt s cng ty sn xut xi mng trong nc t nm 2007 n nay. 1.
nh gi tnhtrng, nguyn nhn gy nn hin tng bm dnh xi mng i vi
cc nh my xi mng t trc n nay, sil xi mng khi xy dng cha ch trng
n vic chng bm dnh mt trong thnh sil. Vi kh hu Vit Nam c m
khng kh cao, hin tng xi mng bm dnh thnh sil rt d xy ra do vn
phng, chng bm dnh thnh sil xi mng l nhu cu cn thit ca hu ht
cc nh my xi mng. ti nghin cu vt liu v gii php chng bm dnh
thnh sil xi mng, ko di chu k thng tc sil bng cc vt liu v gii php
cng ngh thch hp mang tnh khoa hc v mang tnh thc tin cao. Vic chng
dnh sil xi mng nu c thi cng ngay t khi thi cng xy dng cng trnh s
mang li hiu qu kinh t k thut cao hn nhiu so vi khi a sil vo s
dng. Vic chng bm dnh ngay t khi thi cng sil s cho lp vt liu chng
dnh c cht lng cao hn, s lin kt gia lp vt liu mi vi b tng gc cao
hn, iu kin thi cng thun li hn, chi ph thi cng t hn, do gi thnh
gim i ng k. y l nhng nhn xt c rt ra t thc tin khi chng dnh
cc sil mi v c. Vic bm dnh xi mng trong sil c xc nh l do cc
nguyn nhn ch yu sau: + c cht, nhn, phng ca thnh trong
sil (c s to cc dnh bm ban u v sau cng lu cng rn chc). +
Mc tch t nng lng b mt (tng nng lng t do b mt ca bt xi
mng v b mt thnh sil). + Tnh trng tch t m b mt (m t khng kh,
kh nn, thm m...). + Cu to bn trong ca sil, dung tch, chiu cao v thi
gian lu xi mng trong sil.... 2. Kt qu nghin cu vt liu v gii php chng
dnh bm thnh sil xi mng Xut pht t nhu cu thc tin, Vin Vt liu Xy
dng - B Xy dng nghin cu thnh cng ti Vt liu v gii php chng
dnh bm thnh sil xi mng, v c Hi ng KHCN B Xy dng nh gi
xut sc. Kt qu nghin cu bc u c p dng thnh cng vo thc t
sn xut khi chng dnh cc sil xi mng ti Cng ty Xi mng Hong Thch, Bt
Sn v Cm Ph. ti hon thnh cc ni dung nghin cu sau: - Nghin
cu cng ngh ch to vt liu trm b cht lng cao, c cng , mi

mn, lin kt vi b tng gc rt cao, bn lu trong mi trng xi mng nng,

dng trm b, to phng, to nhn b mt b tng gc. - Nghin cu la chn
vt liu lm lp sn chng dnh bm c tnh nng cao, ph hp vi mi trng
trong sil xi mng. - nghin cu qui trnh k thut, bin php thi cng chng
dnh bm thnh sil xi mng v trin khai thi cng ng dng th ti mt s nh
my xi mng, bc u c nh gi mang li hiu qu tt. a. Nghin cu vt
liu kt ni trm b cng cao - Trc khi sn cc lp sn chng dnh cn thit
phi c vt liu kt ni trm b, c cng , bm dnh vi b tng gc,
mn, kh nng bn nhit, chu mi mn rt cao. Kt qu nghin cu, Vin ch
to c loi va m bo cc ch tiu yu cu cht lng ra. - Va trm b
kt ni c t tn l KC - 03, c nghin cu sn xut trn c s cht kt dnh
mc cao, ph gia chng co ngt, thnh phn siu mn hot tnh, ph gia tng do
v tc nhn kt ni polymer - latex. Va c cng cao (Rn. 40N/mm2), c kh
nng bm dnh vi nn cao (2,5 N/mm2), khng co ngt v c kh nng chu
c mi trng trong sil xi mng. Do c thnh phn siu mn lp vt liu KC 03 c b mt nhn, mn, t l xp, c cht cao, chu mi mn. - Vt liu KC 03 c ch to sn, gm c hai thnh phn A (phn bt kh) v B (dng nh
tng latex), khi s dng ch cn phi thnh phn B vi lng nc va phi v
trn vi thnh phn A theo t l thch hp. Vt liu KC - 03 l va trm b tuyt
ho khng ch thch hp cho vic thi cng lp ph, chng dnh, m cn l vt liu
dng chng thm mt b tng, cc cng vic sa cha b tng yu cu c
bm dnh, cng v kh nng chng thm cao, khng co ngt. - Mt s c
trng c bn ca va KC - 03 + Trng thi : Bt mn + Mu sc: Nu xm +
Cng nn Rn 28 ngy: > 40 N/mm2 + Cng bm dnh vi nn b tng
gc: > 2,5 N/mm2 + T trng va kh: 1,7 kg/lt, va t: 1,8 - 2,0 Kg/lt. Khi
trm b ln cc b mt khc nhau yu cu dy v lng hao ph cng khc
nhau. b. Nghin cu la chn vt liu sn ph chng dnh - Trong s nhiu mu
sn cao cp, c dng khc nhau Vin nghin cu v la chn c mu
sn c k hiu l VCD - 05, y l sn cao cp, h Epoxy hai thnh phn, dung
mi nc. Sn c nhng u im tuyt ho, c cht lng cao, ph hp vi yu
cu lm lp vt liu sn ph chng dnh. - Kt qu nghin cu cho thy trong s
cc mu sn th nghim th mu sn VCD - 05 l mu hi t nhiu tnh u vit
nht. l mu sn c kh nng chng dnh bm cao nht, c kh nng t ra
sch, bn nhit, bn kim, c kh nng chu mi mn tt v s dng dung mi
nc, t c hi, t gy nhim mi trng. Sn VCD - 05 l sn c thnh phn
ht siu mn, c Nano, nh n c tnh chng dnh bm theo nguyn l trit
tiu lc ht b mt (tng t b mt l sen) do tnh nng ca cc ht siu mn,
cng do sn VCD - 05 cn c kh nng th (cho hi nc thot qua) nh
trnh hin tng phng rp, bong trc. Vi nhng tnh nng nh trn, vic sn
ph bn trong thnh sil mt lp sn VCD - 05 s cho php chng c s dnh
bm ca xi mng ln thnh sil, b mt nhn phng s khng cho php to nn
cc mm dnh kt ban u. Lp sn VCD - 05 cng gip trnh c hin tng
hp hi nc trn b mt thnh sil, nht l vo ma ma i vi khu vc pha
Nam v vo ma xun m t vi khu vc pha Bc. - Cc tnh nng ch yu ca
sn VCD - 05: + Thnh phn: Sn gc h Epoxy 2 thnh phn. Dung mi: Nc:
+ T trng: thnh phn A: 1,4kg/l; thnh phn B: 1,01 kg/l. + Bm dnh vi nn
va, b tng rt cao: 2,7 N/mm2 + che ph: 02-03 lp: 0,4 - 0,6 kg/m2 + Kh

nng chu nhit, mi mn, ho cht, v chng dnh xi mng cao + T l thnh
phn A v B, A:B = 1:1. Kt qu so snh cc s ch tiu c bn ca cc mu sn
khc vi sn VCD - 05 3. Qui trnh k thut thi cng chng dnh sil xi mng a.
Vt liu S dng cc vt liu c nghin cu, ch to, kim tra, th nghim c
cc tnh nng k thut tho mn cc yu cu cho vic to lp chng dnh c hiu
qu cc sil xi mng, bao gm: - Vt liu trm b tng cng lin kt gia b
tng gc v lp chng dnh KC - 03. - Vt liu sn ph chng dnh sn Epoxy VCD
- 05. b. Thit b thi cng - My nn kh: Kh nn dng thi lm sch bi bn,
phun sn chng dnh, phun to m. - My phun sn p lc cao: S dng thit
b phun sn p lc cao, di vn tc ln, cc ht sn c p cht vo b mt
cn sn. - Cc thit b khc bao gm: My trn va cng bc 200 lt, ti in,
my c, my khoan in, my mi, h thng gio ng thp, v cc vt t khc
phc v thi cng. c. Qui trnh thi cng - Lp dng h thng dn gio ng thp
chu lc, cc bin php m bo an ton trong thi cng. Lp t ngun cung cp
in, nc. - V sinh bi bn, c ty cc phn va v b tng bm dnh, cc
khuyt tt. Vi cc sil xi mng c vn v sinh lm sch b mt c vai tr rt
quan trng. - Phun m b mt bng thit b phun sng, m bo b mt phi
bo ho nc. - Trm b ton b din tch cn chng dnh bng vt liu kt ni
KC - 03, dy TB 0,5 - 1,2 cm tu thuc vo tnh trng b mt b tng gc, lm
phng, nh bng b mt. Sau khi trm b 5 - 6 gi phi dng m b mt bng
cch phun sng. Dng h m lp va trm b t nht 3 ngy, mi ngy t nht
5 ln. - Sn lp sn chng dnh. Sn ph ln b mt lp vt liu trm b kt ni
KC - 03 bng cc lp sn chng dnh bm VCD - 05 bng thit b phun p lc cao.
Sn ti thiu 02 lp, lp sau cch lp trc khng t hn 3 gi. Sau 2 ngy k t
khi kt thc lp sn cui cng c th a sil vo s dng. 4. Kt qu trin khai
thc tin T nm 2007, sau khi kt qu nghin cu c kim nh, Vin Vt
liu Xy dng trin khai thi cng chng dnh thc t mt s sil xi mng. C
th thng 7/2007 thi cng chng dnh sil P1L04 - Cng ty Xi mng Hong Thch,
vi khi lng 790 m2.. Thng 9/2007 chng dnh sil 1701 - Cng ty Xi mng
Bt Sn vi khi lng 1200 m2. Thng 11/2007 chng dnh sil xi mng Cm
Ph vi khi lng 2200 m2 (sil hai nng, ng knh n 34 m, cao 73 m mi
xy dng cha a vo s dng). Thng 5/2008 chng dnh sil 1702 - Cng ty Xi
mng Bt Sn vi khi lng 1100 m2, thng 10/2008 chng dnh sil 1703
cng ca Bt Sn. Vic thi cng chng dnh cc sil ny m bo an ton v
c bit c cht lng cao ng yu cu tin . Hin nay Vin ang thi cng
chng dnh cho 3 sil xi mng Hong Long - H Nam. Sau thi gian s dng, cc
nh my u c nhn xt lp vt liu chng dnh c hiu qu tt, vic rt xi
mng d dng, trit hn, hin cha xut hin tnh trng dnh bm li xi mng
trn thnh sil. Hin nay mt s nh my xi mng khc c bit l cc d n xy
dng nh my xi mng mi ang c yu cu chng dnh sil. 5. Kt lun Vic
nghin cu thnh cng ti Vt liu v gii php chng dnh bm thnh sil xi
mng, l cng trnh u tin nc ta quan tm nghin cu n vn bm
dnh thnh sil xi mng, vn m lu nay cc nh t vn thit k xy dng
cha thc s quan tm, vn m cc c s sn xut xi mng lu nay vn phi
khc phc vi tnh cht th ng. Vic ng dng vt liu v gii php chng dnh
sil xi mng vo thc tin sn xut, chc chn s mang li hiu qu kinh t - k
thut cho ngnh sn xut xi mng nc ta. NGUN: Thng tin KHKT xi mng,

s 1 - 2009 2 bi tp n gin v ca qu s di thm 7-10cm trong vi tun

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