You are on page 1of 101

DuKh

Tp ch ca tp on du kh quc gia vit nam - petrovietnam

Petro ietnam

S 1 - 2017

ISSN-0866-854X

Xun inh Du

C 1 THNG

DuKh

Petro ietnam

S 1 - 2017

Tp ch ca tp on du kh quc gia vit nam - petrovietnam

ISSN-0866-854X

NHIT
CHUY

Xun inh Du

TNG BIN TP
TS. Nguyn Quc Thp

Xuan Bnh Than

PH TNG BIN TP
TS. L Mnh Hng
TS. Phan Ngc Trung
BAN BIN TP
TS. Hong Ngc ang
TS. Nguyn Minh o
CN. V Khnh ng
TS. Nguyn Anh c
ThS. Trn Hng Hin
ThS. V Vn Nghim
ThS. L Ngc Sn
KS. L Hng Thi
ThS. Nguyn Vn Tun
TS. Phan Tin Vin
ThS. Trn Quc Vit
TS. Nguyn Tin Vinh
TS. Nguyn Hong Yn
TH K TA SON
ThS. L Vn Khoa
ThS. Nguyn Th Vit H
PH TRCH M THUT
L Hng Vn
T CHC THC HIN, XUT BN
Vin Du kh Vit Nam
TA SON V TR S

Tng M2, Ta nh Vin Du kh Vit Nam - 167 Trung Knh, Yn Ha, Cu Giy, H Ni
Tel: 04-37727108 | 0982288671 * Fax: 04-37727107 * Email: tapchidk@vpi.pvn.vn
nh ba: K s trng Mai Vn Phng trao i vi ng nghip trn tu kho st a chn Bnh Minh 02. nh: Thun Thng

Giy php xut bn s 100/GP - BTTTT ca B Thng tin v Truyn thng cp ngy 15/4/2013

NI DUNG
TIU IM

TIU IM

PETROVIETNAM
SlN LNG KHAI THC DpU TH VT K HOnCH 1,18 TRIU TqN
Vi gi du th trung bnh nm
2016 ch t 45USD/thng (gim
9,5USD/thng so vi gi du nm
2015), Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit
Nam n lc vt thch thc, v ch
trc cc ch tiu sn xut Chnh ph
giao. c bit, gi tr sn xut cng
nghip vt 12% so vi k hoch v
khai thc du th trong nc vt k
hoch 1,18 triu tn gp phn quan
trng vo tng trng GDP c nc t
6,21% v cn i ngn sch Nh nc
nm 2016. Theo Ph Th tng Chnh
ph Trnh nh Dng, khai thc
thm 1 triu tn du, Tp on c
rt nhiu gii php hay, sng to. y
chnh l biu hin r nht cho thc
trch nhim cao ca ngi Du kh i
vi s pht trin kinh t t nc.
Trin khai cc gii php ng ph linh hot,
kp thi
Nm 2016, gi du th suy gim v tip
tc duy tr mc thp nh hng trc tip
n hot ng ca cc n v tm kim thm
d v khai thc du kh trong vic trin khai
cc d n thm d gia tng tr lng v cn
i sn lng mt s m c gi thnh cao.
Vic trin khai cc d n pht trin m c quy
m ln trong nc (nh L B, C Voi Xanh,
C Rng ) i hi vn u t cao, gp kh
khn trong cng tc thu xp vn... i din
vi thch thc, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam
xy dng v trin khai ng b cc gii php
nhm pht huy ti a v hiu qu mi ngun
lc, bm st din bin ca gi du th c
cc gii php ng ph linh hot, kp thi; ti
3-4

PETROVIETNAM C TRAO TNG


2 GIlI THNG H CH MINH V KHOA HC V CNG NGH
Cm cng trnh Nghin cu, pht
trin v hon thin cng ngh thu gom,
x l, vn chuyn du th trong iu kin
c th ca cc m Lin doanh Vit - Nga
Vietsovpetro v cc m kt ni trn
thm lc a Vit Nam v Cng trnh
Nghin cu thit k chi tit v ng dng
cng ngh ch to, lp rp v h thy
gin khoan t nng su 90m nc ph
hp vi iu kin Vit Nam l 2 trong s 9
cng trnh/cm cng trnh xut sc c Ch
tch nc quyt nh trao tng Gii thng
H Ch Minh v khoa hc v cng ngh t V.

TH TNG CHNH PH NGUYN XUN PHC:

THO G NT THwT TRONG TH CH V KHOA HC CNG NGH

NGHIN CU, PHT TRIN V HON THIN CNG NGH


THU GOM, X L, VN CHUYN DU TH TRONG IU
KIN C TH CA CC M LIN DOANH VIT - NGA
VIETSOVPETRO V CC M KT NI TRN THM LC
A VIT NAM
an ton, m bo hot ng khai thc
Cm cng trnh Nghin cu, pht
du kh lin tc, c hiu qu v to iu
trin v hon thin cng ngh thu gom,
kin a cc khu vc mi pht hin vo
x l, vn chuyn du th trong iu
khai thc sm.
kin c th ca cc m Lin doanh Vit
- Nga Vietsovpetro v cc m kt ni
trn thm lc a Vit Nam gip vn
chuyn du th bng ng ng ngm

Ti Hi ngh trc tuyn vi ch


Khoa hc v cng ngh phc v pht
trin kinh t - x hi do B Khoa hc v
Cng ngh t chc ngy 4/1/2017, Th
tng Chnh ph Nguyn Xun Phc
nhn mnh mun pht trin khoa hc
cng ngh thnh cng phi c 6 yu t:
Th ch, c ch, mi trng; con ngi;
ngun lc; c s h tng; nng lc hi
nhp; nng lc kin to qun tr ca
Nh nc cho khoa hc cng ngh.

Du khai thc m Bch H c hm


lng paraffin, nht v nhit ng
c cao, do khi c vn chuyn bng

gy 15/1/2017, ti Hi trng B Quc


phng, 16 cng trnh/cm cng trnh xut
sc s c trao tng Gii thng H Ch Minh v
Gii thng Nh nc v khoa hc v cng ngh
t V. Trong , c 9 cng trnh c trao tng gii
thng H Ch Minh v 7 cng trnh c trao tng
gii thng Nh nc v khoa hc v cng ngh l
cng trnh nghin cu tiu biu, c gi tr cao v
khoa hc v cng ngh, hiu qu kinh t - x hi,
l kt qu ca s dy cng nghin cu, cng hin
tr tu v ti nng ca cc nh khoa hc phc v s
nghip xy dng v bo v T quc.

Ch tch nc Trn i Quang trao i vi on cng tc ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam v Perenco ti Peru. nh: PVN

c cu ton din pht trin bn vng, n


nh, nng cao nng sut, cht lng, hiu
qu sn xut kinh doanh... Kt qu Tp on
hon thnh vt mc cc ch tiu sn xut
c Chnh ph giao.
C th, cng tc tm kim, thm d du
kh c r sot, ti u chi ph v trin khai
theo ng k hoch. Khi lng thu n a
chn t 915km2 a chn 3D, 10.472km a
chn 2D, khoan 11 ging thm d - thm
lng, hon thnh khoan 57 ging khai thc
pht trin. Tp on c 3 pht hin du kh
mi (Phong Lan Di - 1X ti L 06-1, va du
kh mi ging khoan Bch H - 47 ti L 091, thm lng thnh cng pht hin C Tm
- 4X ti L 09-3/12), gia tng tr lng du
kh t 16,6 triu tn du quy i.

3-4

16-5

Tp on a 3 cng trnh mi vo
khai thc: RC-9 (L 09-1), m Thin ng, S
T Trng - pha 1. Tng sn lng khai thc du
kh t 27,84 triu tn du quy i (vt 8,6%
so vi k hoch nm, v ch trc 29 ngy).
Trong , sn lng khai thc du th t
17,23 triu tn (15,2 triu tn trong nc,
vt 1,18 triu tn so vi k hoch nm v
2,03 triu tn nc ngoi); sn lng khai
thc kh t 10,61 t m3, vt 10,4% so vi k
hoch nm (1 t m3).
Cc h thng ng ng dn kh c
vn hnh an ton, cung cp kh n nh cho
cc h tiu th. Trong nm 2016, Tp on
cung cp 10,39 t m3 kh kh (vt 12,7% so
vi k hoch nm), 70,6 nghn tn condensate
(vt 25%), 311 nghn tn LPG (vt 19,2%);
20-5

PV GAS n nhn
danh hiu Anh hng
Lao ng

K hp ng du kh
mi PSC L 16-1/15

Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut t mc
sn xut 40 triu tn
sn phm

K bin bn ghi nh vi
Honeywell v Murphy
E&P

DpU KH - S 1/2017

h tng Chnh ph Nguyn Xun


Phc nh gi thnh tu pht trin
kinh t - x hi thi gian qua c
ng gp quan trng ca khoa hc v cng
ngh. Xp hng v kinh t ca Vit Nam ng
trn 100 nhng xp hng ch s i mi sng
to ton cu ng th 59. Trong , cc nhm
ch tiu u ra lin quan trc tip n khoa
hc cng ngh xp di 50. iu cho thy,
d cn bt cp nhng gii khoa hc cng ngh
nc ta rt c gng so vi mt bng chung.
Trong ch o, bc u coi trng ng dng
khoa hc cng ngh, tn dng c hi ca
cuc cch mng cng nghip ln th 4 nhng
khng coi nh khoa hc - x hi v khoa hc
c bn.

Bn cnh , Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit


Nam cn c 1 cm cng trnh c trao tng Gii
thng Nh nc v khoa hc v cng ngh l
Nghin cu phng n ti u ch to, h thy
v lp t chn siu trng siu trng vng
nc su hn 100m ph hp vi iu kin Vit
Nam.

23-5

Khi ng chui d
n kh L B - Mn

Th tng Chnh ph Nguyn Xun Phc pht biu ti Hi ngh. nh: Quang Hiu

Trong t ny, Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit


Nam c 2 cm cng trnh Nghin cu, pht trin v
hon thin cng ngh thu gom, x l, vn chuyn
du th trong iu kin c th ca cc m Lin
doanh Vit - Nga Vietsovpetro v cc m kt ni
trn thm lc a Vit Nam v Nghin cu thit k
chi tit v ng dng cng ngh ch to, lp rp
v h thy gin khoan t nng su 90m nc
ph hp vi iu kin Vit Nam c trao tng Gii
thng H Ch Minh.

10

TIU IM

DpU KH - S 1/2017

10

Tuy nhin, nng lc cnh tranh ca Vit


Nam vn xp th 56, ch s sn sng cng
ngh ng th 92/140 quc gia v vng lnh
th. iu ny khng phi do cc nh khoa hc
gy ra m do c ch ca Nh nc, Th tng
Chnh ph nhn nh, ng thi ch ra mt tn
ti l nghin cu nhiu nhng ng dng t. Do
, u t cho khoa hc cng ngh cn bm
st hn nhu cu thc tin v thit thc hn,
u tin u t cc n, ti phc v thit
thc cho t nc. Qun l nh nc trn mt
14

s mt c tin b nhng cn bt cp nh: o


lng cht lng, s hu tr tu
Th tng Chnh ph cho rng, mun
pht trin khoa hc cng ngh thnh cng
phi c 6 yu t: Th ch, c ch, mi trng;
con ngi; ngun lc; c s h tng; nng lc
hi nhp; nng lc kin to qun tr ca Nh
nc cho khoa hc cng ngh.
Th tng nhn mnh, phi to th ch
thng thong trong pht huy nhn ti, s
dng ngi ti, k c ngi cha vo ng,
kiu bo l nhng nh khoa hc nc ngoi
nhng c nguyn vng cng hin nng lc v
kinh nghim cho qu hng.
Th tng khng nh lun lng nghe v
tip mi cn b khoa hc c nng lc, mun
ng gp xy dng T quc. Trc cuc cch
mng cng nghip ln th 4, i hi Vit Nam
phi i mi, kin to li nn hnh chnh
pht huy vai tr ca khoa hc cng ngh, nht
l con ngi v th ch. Tinh thn chung l
khai phng mi ngun nhn lc sng to
a t nc tin ln vng vng. Vic tho g
th ch no km hm s pht trin ca khoa hc
cng ngh th chnh B Khoa hc v Cng ngh
phi xut ln Trung ng ng, Chnh ph.

Phi bo m nng lc thc thi php lut


trong vic bo v quyn ti sn, quyn s hu
tr tu, nu khng kh c th pht huy ni lc
v tranh th ngoi lc. Khng c tp on
quc t no mun t trung tm nghin cu
v thit k Vit Nam nu e ngi v quyn s
hu tr tu, Th tng nhn mnh v yu cu
r sot, nh gi i ng cn b khoa hc ca
Vit Nam xy dng quy hoch chin lc
o to v s dng ti u.
Th tng Chnh ph yu cu nghin
cu khoa hc cng ngh phi gn vi th
trng trn c s hiu th trng ang cn g,
s cn g a ra hng i ph hp nht.
Cht lng, gi tr em li ca sn phm cng
ngh phi thc s do th trng nh gi,
quyt nh. Cn nhc hnh thnh mt ch
giao dch v cng ngh , nhu cu cng
ngh v sn phm cng ngh c th giao
thoa vi nhau.
Phi tch hot ng khoa hc ra khi
hot ng hnh chnh, trnh tnh trng hnh
chnh ha nghin cu khoa hc. Nu cc nh
khoa hc sut ngy lo ngh th tc hnh chnh
th ri rng v am hiu chuyn mn. Hy lm
quen vi t duy qun l khoa hc ch da vo

DpU KH - S 1/2017

14

NGHIN CU KHOA HC

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

HA CH BIN DU KH

KINH T - QUN L DU KH

24. Nghin cu cc tnh cht lu


bin ca du th m Bch H v
m Rng vn chuyn bng
ng ng ngm ngoi khi

47. Nghin cu th nghim kh

66. Pht trin th trng kh cho

nng dit vi khun kh sulphate


bng dung dch nano bc

d n kh C Voi Xanh: c hi v
thch thc

55. Sn xut cc sn phm ha

33. D bo tnh trng ngp nc du t kh thin nhin m C Voi


ca cc ging khai thc m Lan
Xanh
Ty trn c s ng dng nguyn l
cn bng vt cht
38. c im cc thnh to
carbonate cha du kh Vit
Nam

TIU IM

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

Sn lng khai thc du th vt k hoch 1,18 triu tn ................6

NGHIN CU CC TNH CHT LU BIN CA DU TH M BCH H


V M RNG VN CHUYN BNG NG NG NGM NGOI KHI
T Thnh Ngha1, Tng Cnh Sn1, Phm B Hin1
Nguyn Hoi V1, Phan c Tun1, Nguyn Thc Khng2
Lin doanh Vit - Nga Vietsovpetro
2
Hi Du kh Vit Nam
Email: vunh.pt@vietsov.com.vn

Tm tt

Petrovietnam c trao tng


2 gii thng H Ch Minh v khoa hc v cng ngh ....................10

Du th khai thc ti cc m ca Lin doanh Vit - Nga Vietsovpetro (Vietsovpetro) c tnh cht l ha phc tp
vi nht, nhit ng c v hm lng paraffin cao. Vietsovpetro trin khai cc nghin cu ton din v c h
thng v cc c tnh ca du nhiu paraffin; ng thi xy dng thnh cng m hnh tnh cht lu bin c trng cho
du khai thc ti m Bch H v m Rng. Trn c s , Vietsovpetro tng bc pht trin v hon thin cng ngh
thu gom, x l v vn chuyn du th khai thc ti cc m an ton bng ng ng ngm, m bo hot ng khai thc
du kh lin tc v c hiu qu. Bi vit tp trung gii thiu kt qu nghin cu tnh cht lu bin du nhiu paraffin khai
thc ti cc m ca Vietsovpetro.
T kha: Du nhiu paraffin, tnh cht lu bin, vn chuyn du nhiu paraffin.
1. Gii thiu
Du th l mt dng cht lng, c thnh phn ch
yu l hydrocarbon. Trong paraffin l hydrocarbon
dng tinh th c trng lng phn t cao, mch di (C18
- C70). Ty theo hm lng paraffin, du th c chia
thnh cc loi khc nhau: du t paraffin, du paraffin v
du nhiu paraffin.
Du khai thc m Bch H v m Rng u l cc
loi du nhiu paraffin [1 - 3]. Hm lng paraffin trong
du ny thay i trong phm vi kh rng: thp nht l
14,1% v cao nht l 27%. c tnh th hin tnh cht,
thnh phn cc phn t ca paraffin rn trong du th l
nhit nng chy. i vi du cc m Bch H v m
Rng, nhit nng chy ca paraffin dao dng trong
khong 55 - 61oC, nhit bo ha paraffin trong du va
thay i t 49 - 56oC. Nhit ng c ca du thay i
mc 29 - 35oC. Qu trnh chuyn t trng thi Newton
sang phi-Newton ca du Bch H xy ra trong khong
nhit 36 - 40o. nhit thp hn, du biu hin tnh
cht phi-Newton v c gi tr ng sut trt rt ln, c th
t n vi trm Pa nhit 22 - 24o. Nghin cu ng
hc qu trnh sa lng paraffin [1] cho thy khong nhit
trn, du th m Bch H xy ra hin tng sa lng
paraffin v tp trung nhit 35 - 40o.
Cng tc nghin cu tnh cht lu bin ca du nhiu
paraffin c nht v nhit ng c cao m Bch
H v m Rng c thc hin ti Phng th nghim
ca Vin Nghin cu Khoa hc v Thit k Du kh bin,
Vietsovpetro nh thit b chuyn dng Rotovisco RV-20
hay RT-550 ca HAAKE (c). Thit b bao gm nht k

Th tng Chnh ph Nguyn Xun Phc:


Tho g nt tht trong th ch v khoa hc cng ngh ................14

quay vi h o M-5, b iu khin lu bin, b n nhit,


phn mm Rotation Version 3.0 cho php iu khin
nhit , thay i vn tc bin dng, ghi nhn v x l cc
kt qu o.
2. Kt qu nghin cu
2.1. Tnh cht lu bin ca du th m Bch H v m
Rng tch kh
2.1.1. M hnh cht lng nht do Bingham

TS. Nguyn Quc Thp - Ph Tng gim c Tp on Du kh Vit Nam:


Nng cao nng sut, cht lng, hiu qu .....................................16

Cc c trng lu bin ca du nhiu paraffin c


nht v nhit ng c cao c xc nh nh nht k
Rotovisco RV-20 cho thy trng thi cht lng Newton
nht ca du ch ph thuc nhit v c biu din
bng hm s c dng sau:

(1)

Trong :
: nht ng hc, Pa.s;
o: H s, Pa.s;

Vt qua thch thc, nm bt c hi


y mnh pht trin lnh vc ch bin du kh ................................18

u: H s ph thuc ca hm s ln (T) vi nhit o-1;


T: Nhit , o.
Khi nhit gim xung di nhit ti hn Tc du
biu hin tnh phi-Newton, ng cong chy trong phm
vi nhit ny nh m hnh cht lng nht do Bingham:

(2)

Trong :
: ng sut trt, P;
: ng sut trt ng, P;

Ngy nhn bi: 4/5/2016. Ngy phn bin nh gi v sa cha: 4/5 - 20/7/2016. Ngy bi bo c duyt ng: 22/12/2016.

24

DpU KH - S 1/2017

24
QUYT TM CAO - GII PHP HAY - V CH TRC
GII THIU CNG NGH

74. Cng ngh m thng minh

Vietsovpetro nghin cu ti u cng ngh khai thc du kh ..........82


PV GAS vn hnh an ton, hiu qu cc cng trnh kh ....................84
BSR y mnh ng dng khoa hc k thut, ti u ha sn xut ....86
PVFCCo m rng quy m sn xut ha cht .......................................88
PVCFC y mnh nghin cu pht trin sn phm mi ....................90
VPI ly nghin cu ng dng lm trng tm .........................................92
PV Power t mc tiu sn xut trn 21 t kWh in ..........................94

ng sut trt ng, Pa

CONTENTS

20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
20

FOCUS

T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 0m/m


T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 14,4m/m
T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 22,1m/m
T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 34,3m/m
T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 44,7m/m

6. Petrovietnam's production exceeds planned


target by 1.18 million tons

10. Petrovietnam receives 2 Ho Chi Minh Prizes


in the field of science and technology

14. Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc:


22

24

26
Nhit , oC

28

30

32

24

Institutional bottleneck in science and


technology should be cleared

16. Dr. Nguyen Quoc Thap, Petrovietnam Vice


President: Productivity, quality and efficiency to
be improved

18. Overcoming challenges and seizing


opportunities to promote the development of
petroleum processing sector

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

24. Research on rheological properties of crude oil from Bach Ho and Rong oil
fields for transportation in submarine pipelines
33. Predicting water influx for gas production wells of Lan Tay field using
material balance method
38. Characteristics of carbonate formations containing
oil and gas in Vietnam
47. Study on testing of the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles on
sulfate-reducing bacteria

55. Production of petrochemicals from natural gas of Ca Voi Xanh field


66. Development of gas market for Ca Voi Xanh project: opportunity and
challenge

HIGH DETERMINATION SOUND SOLUTION MEETING TARGETS


AHEAD OF TIME

82. Vietsovpetro conducts researches to optimise production technology


84. PV GAS to ensure safe and efficient operation of gas projects
86. BSR promotes scientific and technical application for production
optimisation

88. PVFCCo expands the scope of chemical production


90. PVCFC accelerates research and development of new products
92. Applied research to be the focus of VPI
94. PV Power targets production of over 21 billion kWh of electricity

Mng Xun inh Du

m 2016 i qua v tip tc l mt nm kh khn ca cc cng ty du kh khi gi du


th suy gim, c thi im xung mc 26,55USD/thng vo ngy 20/1/2016. Cuc
cch mng cng nghip ln th 4 ang din ra vi tc nhanh, d bo s tc ng
mnh m trn phm vi ton cu. Nhiu quc gia trn th gii, mt s qu u t (trong phi
k n Qu u t nng lng t ph Breakthrough Energy Ventures - BEV) ang tp trung
u t, nghin cu v pht trin nhm tm ra v a vo s dng cc ngun nng lng mi
r hn v sch hn cho th gii.
Cc tc ng tiu cc ca gi du suy gim nh hng n mi mt sn xut kinh doanh
ca Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit Nam. Vt ln trn mi kh khn, thch thc, nhng
ngi lao ng du kh bm st din bin ca gi du, trin khai cc gii php ng ph linh
hot, sng to hon thnh v hon thnh vt mc cc ch tiu k hoch c Chnh ph giao;
trong , ch tiu sn lng khai thc nm 2016 vt so vi k hoch trn 1 triu tn du th,
gp phn m bo an ninh nng lng v tng trng ca t nc.
Nm inh Du 2017 d bo tip tc s l mt nm kh khn v nhiu thch thc cho cc
cng ty du kh. Khoa hc - cng ngh cng vi qun tr doanh nghip tin tin ang c xem
l nhng gii php trng tm gip cc cng ty vt qua kh khn thch thc. Trong thng ip
u nm 2017 gi n gii khoa hc v cng ngh c nc, Th tng Chnh ph Nguyn Xun
Phc nhn mnh 6 yu t pht trin khoa hc cng ngh thnh cng, gm: Th ch, c ch,
mi trng; con ngi; ngun lc; c s h tng; nng lc hi nhp; nng lc kin to qun tr
ca Nh nc cho khoa hc cng ngh. Th tng Chnh ph yu cu nghin cu khoa hc cng
ngh phi bm st thc tin, lng nghe hi th cuc sng, gn vi th trng trn c s hiu
th trng ang cn g, s cn g.
L din n khoa hc v cng ngh ca Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit Nam - Tp ch
Du kh s tip tc bm st tn ch mc ch ca mt Tp ch khoa hc du kh; khng ngng
nng cao cht lng cc bi bo khoa hc, cc kt qu nghin cu v pht trin, tng cng gii
thiu cc cng ngh du kh mi ca th gii, cc gii php qun tr doanh nghip hin i
gp phn cng Tp on vt qua kh khn, vng bc vo giai on n nh v pht trin bn
vng tip theo.
Nhn dp Tt c truyn inh Du, thay mt Ban bin tp Tp ch Du kh, ti xin gi n
cc nh khoa hc, qu bn c li chc mng tt p nht! Chc mt nm mi thnh cng!
TNG BIN TP
Ph Tng gim c
Tp on
kh
Vit
o
on
n Du
Du
uk
h Vi
h
it Nam
i
Nam

TS.
Nguyn
Thp
TS Ng
TS
guyn Quc Th
hp
p

TIU IM

PETROVIETNAM
SN LNG KHAI THC DU TH VT K HOCH 1,18 TRIU TN
Vi gi du th trung bnh nm
2016 ch t 45USD/thng (gim
9,5USD/thng so vi gi du nm
2015), Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit
Nam n lc vt thch thc, v ch
trc cc ch tiu sn xut Chnh ph
giao. c bit, gi tr sn xut cng
nghip vt 12% so vi k hoch v
khai thc du th trong nc vt k
hoch 1,18 triu tn gp phn quan
trng vo tng trng GDP c nc t
6,21% v cn i ngn sch Nh nc
nm 2016. Theo Ph Th tng Chnh
ph Trnh nh Dng, khai thc
thm 1 triu tn du, Tp on c
rt nhiu gii php hay, sng to. y
chnh l biu hin r nht cho thc
trch nhim cao ca ngi Du kh i
vi s pht trin kinh t t nc.
Trin khai cc gii php ng ph linh hot,
kp thi
Nm 2016, gi du th suy gim v tip
tc duy tr mc thp nh hng trc tip
n hot ng ca cc n v tm kim thm
d v khai thc du kh trong vic trin khai
cc d n thm d gia tng tr lng v cn
i sn lng mt s m c gi thnh cao.
Vic trin khai cc d n pht trin m c quy
m ln trong nc (nh L B, C Voi Xanh,
C Rng ) i hi vn u t cao, gp kh
khn trong cng tc thu xp vn... i din
vi thch thc, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam
xy dng v trin khai ng b cc gii php
nhm pht huy ti a v hiu qu mi ngun
lc, bm st din bin ca gi du th c
cc gii php ng ph linh hot, kp thi; ti
3-4

Ch tch nc Trn i Quang trao i vi on cng tc ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam v Perenco ti Peru. nh: PVN

c cu ton din pht trin bn vng, n


nh, nng cao nng sut, cht lng, hiu
qu sn xut kinh doanh... Kt qu Tp on
hon thnh vt mc cc ch tiu sn xut
c Chnh ph giao.
C th, cng tc tm kim, thm d du
kh c r sot, ti u chi ph v trin khai
theo ng k hoch. Khi lng thu n a
chn t 915km2 a chn 3D, 10.472km a
chn 2D, khoan 11 ging thm d - thm
lng, hon thnh khoan 57 ging khai thc
pht trin. Tp on c 3 pht hin du kh
mi (Phong Lan Di - 1X ti L 06-1, va du
kh mi ging khoan Bch H - 47 ti L 091, thm lng thnh cng pht hin C Tm
- 4X ti L 09-3/12), gia tng tr lng du
kh t 16,6 triu tn du quy i.

3-4

16-5

Tp on a 3 cng trnh mi vo
khai thc: RC-9 (L 09-1), m Thin ng, S
T Trng - pha 1. Tng sn lng khai thc du
kh t 27,84 triu tn du quy i (vt 8,6%
so vi k hoch nm, v ch trc 29 ngy).
Trong , sn lng khai thc du th t
17,23 triu tn (15,2 triu tn trong nc,
vt 1,18 triu tn so vi k hoch nm v
2,03 triu tn nc ngoi); sn lng khai
thc kh t 10,61 t m3, vt 10,4% so vi k
hoch nm (1 t m3).
Cc h thng ng ng dn kh c
vn hnh an ton, cung cp kh n nh cho
cc h tiu th. Trong nm 2016, Tp on
cung cp 10,39 t m3 kh kh (vt 12,7% so
vi k hoch nm), 70,6 nghn tn condensate
(vt 25%), 311 nghn tn LPG (vt 19,2%);
20-5

23-5

Khi ng chui d
n kh L B - Mn

PV GAS n nhn
danh hiu Anh hng
Lao ng

K hp ng du kh
mi PSC L 16-1/15

Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut t mc
sn xut 40 triu tn
sn phm

K bin bn ghi nh vi
Honeywell v Murphy
E&P

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

Th tng Chnh ph Nguyn Xun Phc v Th tng Lin bang Nga Dmitry Medvedev chng kin L k Tha thun hp tc gia Tp on Du kh Vit Nam v Rosneft. nh: Ria Novosti

sn xut 21,13 t kWh in (vt 4,2%), 1,62


triu tn urea (vt 2,5%) v 6,86 triu tn
xng du (vt 20,6%).
Vi gi du th trung bnh nm 2016
ch t 45USD/thng (gim 9,5USD/thng
so vi gi du nm 2015), cc ch tiu ti
chnh ca Tp on t cao hn so vi k
hoch ra. Tng doanh thu ton Tp on
t 452,5 nghn t ng, vt 4% so vi k
hoch nm; np ngn sch Nh nc 90,2
nghn t ng, vt 12,4% so vi k hoch
nm. Gi tr sn xut cng nghip nm 2016
t 490 nghn t ng, vt 12% k hoch
nm - gp phn quan trng vo tng trng
GDP ca t nc.
c bit, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam
thc hin ch o ca Chnh ph, B Cng
6-6

Thng trong vic trin khai cc gii php ng


ph vi din bin gi du; ch o v trc tip
lm vic vi i tc lin quan trong nc v
nc ngoi, cc nh iu hnh khai thc m
ti u chng trnh khai thc hiu qu nht. Kt
qu trong nm 2016, Tp on tit gim chi
ph trn 10,8 nghn t ng, vt 19% so vi k
hoch nm. So vi mc gi k hoch, gi thnh
khai thc trung bnh mt thng du gim
3,2USD/thng; gi thnh cc sn phm in,
m, xng du u gim t 15 - 25%.

tip tc nh hng trc tip n hot ng


sn xut kinh doanh ca Tp on. Trn c
s k hoch ngn sch quc gia nm 2017
c Quc hi thng qua vi phng n gi
du 50USD/thng, Chnh ph giao cho Tp
on cc ch tiu: gia tng tr lng 10 - 15
triu tn du quy i, sn lng khai thc du
kh t 23,81 triu tn du quy i (trong
c 14,2 triu tn du v 9,61 t m3 kh), sn
xut 20,1 t kWh in, 1,521 triu tn m v
6,798 triu tn xng du.

Ti c cu ton din pht trin bn vng

Trn c s , Tp on kim sot cht


ch cc hot ng du kh v trin khai cng
tc iu tra c bn trn bin ng; tip tc la
chn, y mnh thc hin k hoch tm kim
thm d thm lng nm 2017, phn u gia
tng tr lng du kh nm 2017 l 10 - 15

D bo trong nm 2017, tnh hnh kinh


t th gii v trong nc cn nhiu kh khn,
c bit gi du th tip tc din bin kh
lng v d bo cn duy tr mc thp s

26-6

12-8

2-9

a cng trnh RC-9 vo khai thc

K nim 30 nm ngy
Vit Nam khai thc
tn du th u tin

Khnh thnh v
bn giao gin khoan
Tam o 05

t mc khai thc
m3 kh th 120 t

14-9

Lp t thp tch methane,


ethane Nh my x l kh
C Mau

DU KH - S 1/2017

TIU IM

M va thnh cng ging khai thc TU-6 gin BK-TNG m Thin ng. nh: Anh Tun

triu tn du quy i. u tin ch o thc


hin cc d n u t tm kim thm d, pht
trin c hiu qu cao, ri ro t; tp trung pht
trin cc d n: m C Rng , L B, C Voi
Xanh... Kim sot cht ch tin pht trin
cc m/cng trnh a vo khai thc trong
nm 2017 v sn lng khai thc du kh nm
2017 theo ng k hoch ra; kim sot, vn
hnh an ton, n nh cc nh my/cng trnh
du kh.
c bit, Tp on s bm st din bin
gi du nm 2017 c cc gii php kp thi
ng ph vi s bin ng ca gi du trong
tng thi im. Tp on tp trung trin khai
29-9

cc gii php khoa hc cng ngh, ng dng


cng ngh mi, nng cao hiu qu sn xut
kinh doanh; tng cng cng tc qun tr ri
ro; tip tc cng c v tng cng cng tc d
bo th trng lun ch ng cn i hp
l sn lng khai thc ca tng m so vi gi
thnh. iu phi hp l gia sn lng khai
thc, xut khu v ch bin m bo hiu
qu gia: ch tiu tng GDP, thu ngn sch Nh
nc ca Chnh ph, m bo an ninh nng
lng v hiu qu ca doanh nghip. Thc
hin ng b cc gii php ti chnh t cn
i ngun vn, dng tin cho nhu cu u t
pht trin, sn xut kinh doanh ng ph

4-11

29-11

kp thi vi nhng bin ng ca gi du th


trong nm 2017.
ng thi, Tp on t chc thc hin
cng tc ti c cu doanh nghip giai on
2016 - 2020 c Th tng Chnh ph ph
duyt; ch o cc n v thnh vin thc
hin cng tc ti c cu theo ng tin , k
hoch ra. Tp on cng tng cng cng
tc i ngoi v hp tc quc t du kh nhm
tm kim cc d n tt nc ngoi u t,
ng thi ku gi cc cng ty du kh ln c uy
tn trn th gii tham gia u t vo cc d n.
nh gi kt qu 1 nm thc hin Chin
lc pht trin ngnh Du kh Vit Nam n
30-11

6-12

t mc sn xut
tn m th 13 triu

Hon thnh ch tiu


sn xut xng du
nm 2016

Hon thnh ch tiu


khai thc kh nm
2016

Pht hin va du kh
mi ging khoan
Bch H - 47

Hon thnh ch tiu


khai thc du th
nm 2016

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

Bng 1. Cc ch tiu k hoch nm 2017 ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam


TT
I
II
1

2
III
1
2
3

Ch tiu

n v

Gia tng tr lng Triu tn du quy i


Khai thc Du kh Triu tn du quy i
Du th
Triu tn
Trong nc
Triu tn
Nc ngoi
Triu tn
Kh
T m3
Sn xut sn phm khc
in
T kWh
m
Triu tn
Xng du
Triu tn

nm 2025, nh hng n nm 2035, Tng


gim c Tp on Du kh Vit Nam Nguyn
V Trng Sn cho bit hon thnh xy
dng Quy hoch pht trin ngnh Du kh
Vit Nam n nm 2025, nh hng n nm
2035; Quy hoch pht trin cng nghip kh
Vit Nam n nm 2025, nh hng n nm
2035; xy dng k hoch trung hn 5 nm
2016 - 2020 trnh Chnh ph ph duyt... ng
thi, Tp on r sot, xy dng trnh Chnh
ph, cc B/Ngnh cc c ch c th to
iu kin cho Tp on Du kh Vit Nam pht
trin gm: C ch c th thu ht u t nc
ngoi vo pht trin du kh trong nc ti
nhng vng nc su, xa b, vng nhy cm,
cc m nh; C ch c th u t tm kim
thm d du kh nc ngoi; C ch c th
v cng tc t t chc thc hin cc dch v
du kh trong ni b Tp on.
thc hin thnh cng mc tiu ca
Chin lc pht trin ngnh Du kh Vit Nam
n nm 2025 v nh hng n nm 2035,
B Chnh tr, Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt
5 nhim v v gii php l: Hon thin th
ch pht trin ngnh Du kh Vit Nam; xy
dng c ch, chnh sch c th ring cho Tp
on Du kh Vit Nam pht trin; bo m

Thc hin K hoch Chnh ph


nm 2016
giao nm 2017
16,66
10 - 15
27,84
23,81
17,23
14,20
15,20
12,28
2,03
1,92
10,61
9,61
21,13
1,622
6,864

20,10
1,521
6,798

ngun vn cho Tp on Du kh Vit Nam


thc hin cc mc tiu chin lc; y mnh
hot ng nghin cu, ng dng, chuyn giao
cng ngh, nng cao cht lng ngun nhn
lc phc v pht trin bn vng, bo v ti
nguyn, mi trng; pht trin ngnh Du kh
Vit Nam gn lin vi nhim v quc phng an ninh - i ngoi.
Lnh o Tp on Du kh Vit Nam
cho bit trong thi gian ti s tip tc bo
co vi cc B/Ngnh trin khai thc hin
ng b hiu qu 5 nhim v v nhm gii
php trong Chin lc pht trin ngnh Du
kh Vit Nam n nm 2025 v nh hng
n nm 2035. ng thi, Tp on s t
chc thc hin Quy hoch pht trin ngnh
Du kh Vit Nam n nm 2025, nh hng
n nm 2035; Quy hoch pht trin ngnh
cng nghip kh Vit Nam n nm 2025,
nh hng n nm 2035 sau khi c Th
tng Chnh ph ph duyt. y mnh hot
ng nghin cu, ng dng, chuyn giao
cng ngh, nng cao cht lng ngun nhn
lc phc v pht trin bn vng, bo v ti
nguyn, mi trng. Tp on s tp trung
thc hin quyt lit v c hiu qu 8 nhm
gii php trong Chin lc pht trin Tp

- Cc n v hon thnh
vt mc k hoch sn lng:
Vietsovpetro, PVEP, BSR, PV Power,
Rusvietpetro, PVFCCo, PVCFC.
- Cc n v hon thnh vt
mc k hoch ch tiu doanh thu
hp nht: Vietsovpetro, BSR, PV
OIL, PVCFC, PVFCCo, PTSC, PVTrans,
PV Drilling, PVI, Petrosetco, DMC,
PVE v VPI.
- Cc n v hon thnh vt
mc k hoch ch tiu li nhun
trc thu hp nht: Vietsovpetro,
Rusvietpetro, PV OIL, BSR, PV
Power, PVI, PVCFC, PVFCCo, PTSC,
PVTrans, PVE, PVC v VPI.
- Cc n v hon thnh v
hon thnh vt mc k hoch ch
tiu np ngn sch Nh nc: BSR,
PV OIL, PV Power, PVCFC, PVFCCo,
PTSC, PVTrans, PVI, Petrosetco,
PVE, PVMR, VPI v PVMTC.
- Cc n v t hiu qu
sn xut kinh doanh cao (t sut
li nhun sau thu hp nht/vn
ch s hu bnh qun t trn
8%/nm: PV GAS (13,3%), PVFCCo
(13,6%), PVCFC (10,3%), PVTrans
(10,3%), Petrosetco (10%)

on Du kh Vit Nam c Th tng


Chnh ph ph duyt ti Quyt nh s 1749/
Q-TTg ngy 14/10/2015, gm: qun tr
doanh nghip, ti chnh, u t, th trng,
o to pht trin ngun nhn lc, khoa hc
cng ngh, an ton mi trng v pht trin
bn vng, an ninh - quc phng - ngoi giao.
Vit H

17-12

19-12

20-12

26-12

Hon thnh ch tiu sn xut in


nm 2016

a m Thin ng
vo khai thc

t mc sn xut
kWh in th 130 t

t mc khai thc
tn du th 370 triu

28-12

a m S T Trng pha 1
vo khai thc

DU KH - S 1/2017

TIU IM

PETROVIETNAM C TRAO TNG


2 GII THNG H CH MINH V KHOA HC V CNG NGH
Cm cng trnh Nghin cu, pht
trin v hon thin cng ngh thu gom,
x l, vn chuyn du th trong iu kin
c th ca cc m Lin doanh Vit - Nga
Vietsovpetro v cc m kt ni trn
thm lc a Vit Nam v Cng trnh
Nghin cu thit k chi tit v ng dng
cng ngh ch to, lp rp v h thy
gin khoan t nng su 90m nc ph
hp vi iu kin Vit Nam l 2 trong s 9
cng trnh/cm cng trnh xut sc c Ch
tch nc quyt nh trao tng Gii thng
H Ch Minh v khoa hc v cng ngh t V.

gy 15/1/2017, ti Hi trng B Quc


phng, 16 cng trnh/cm cng trnh xut
sc s c trao tng Gii thng H Ch Minh v
Gii thng Nh nc v khoa hc v cng ngh
t V. Trong , c 9 cng trnh c trao tng gii
thng H Ch Minh v 7 cng trnh c trao tng
gii thng Nh nc v khoa hc v cng ngh l
cng trnh nghin cu tiu biu, c gi tr cao v
khoa hc v cng ngh, hiu qu kinh t - x hi,
l kt qu ca s dy cng nghin cu, cng hin
tr tu v ti nng ca cc nh khoa hc phc v s
nghip xy dng v bo v T quc.
Trong t ny, Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit
Nam c 2 cm cng trnh Nghin cu, pht trin v
hon thin cng ngh thu gom, x l, vn chuyn
du th trong iu kin c th ca cc m Lin
doanh Vit - Nga Vietsovpetro v cc m kt ni
trn thm lc a Vit Nam v Nghin cu thit k
chi tit v ng dng cng ngh ch to, lp rp
v h thy gin khoan t nng su 90m nc
ph hp vi iu kin Vit Nam c trao tng Gii
thng H Ch Minh.
Bn cnh , Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit
Nam cn c 1 cm cng trnh c trao tng Gii
thng Nh nc v khoa hc v cng ngh l
Nghin cu phng n ti u ch to, h thy
v lp t chn siu trng siu trng vng
nc su hn 100m ph hp vi iu kin Vit
Nam.
10

DU KH - S 1/2017

NGHIN CU, PHT TRIN V HON THIN CNG NGH


THU GOM, X L, VN CHUYN DU TH TRONG IU
KIN C TH CA CC M LIN DOANH VIT - NGA
VIETSOVPETRO V CC M KT NI TRN THM LC
A VIT NAM
an ton, m bo hot ng khai thc
Cm cng trnh Nghin cu, pht
du kh lin tc, c hiu qu v to iu
trin v hon thin cng ngh thu gom,
kin a cc khu vc mi pht hin vo
x l, vn chuyn du th trong iu
khai thc sm.
kin c th ca cc m Lin doanh Vit
- Nga Vietsovpetro v cc m kt ni
trn thm lc a Vit Nam gip vn
chuyn du th bng ng ng ngm

Du khai thc m Bch H c hm


lng paraffin, nht v nhit ng
c cao, do khi c vn chuyn bng

PETROVIETNAM

ng ng khng bc cch nhit, s gy ra


hin tng lng ng paraffin v nguy c
tc nghn ng ng, dn n phi dng
khai thc.
Bng phng php nghin cu tnh
cht lu bin ca du, x l nhit v ha
phm, Lin doanh Vit - Nga Vietsovpetro
nghin cu, p dng v pht trin cng
ngh thu gom, x l v vn chuyn du th
ngoi khi t hiu qu kinh t cao, lm thay
i c bn cng ngh x l thu gom du m
Bch H v Rng, gip gim chi ph xy dng
v vn hnh khai thc, rt ngn thi gian
a m vo khai thc, to iu kin pht
trin cc m nh v cn bin bng hnh thc
kt ni m...

Cng ngh ny bao gm t hp cc gii


php nh: gia nhit kt hp vi ha cht; s
dng condensate v kh ha tan trong du
tng linh ng ca cht lu; cng ngh
tch kh s b gim xung ng lu lng
v p sut trong ng ng; vn chuyn du
bo ha kh; cng ngh tn dng a nhit
ca ging du p ng yu cu x l du
bng ha phm. Vietsovpetro p dng kt
hp cc gii php cng ngh ny mt cch
linh hot, ty vo tng khu vc v thi k khai
thc ca m, gip vn chuyn du th c hm
lng paraffin cao bng ng ng ngm an
ton, hiu qu vi chi ph thp.

du th nhiu paraffin bng ng ng,


p dng cho cc m Bch H v Rng, khc
bit so vi cng ngh truyn thng x l, vn
chuyn du ang c s dng trn th gii.
Theo tnh ton s b, hiu qu kinh t trc tip
t cc gii php khoa hc ca Cm cng trnh
n nay c t 779,7 triu USD v con s ny
s tip tc tng thm n cui i khai thc
cc m ca Vietsovpetro, ng thi cho php
kt ni thm cc m nh, cn bin trong thi
gian ti.

Nhm tc gi ci tin, i mi v sng


to ra cng ngh thu gom, x l v vn chuyn

Khai thc du kh m Bch H. nh: Minh Tr


DU KH - S 1/2017

11

TIU IM

NGHIN CU THIT K CHI TIT V NG DNG CNG NGH CH TO, LP RP


V H THY GIN KHOAN T NNG SU 90M NC PH HP VI IU KIN VIT NAM
y l cng trnh nghin cu c gi tr
ca Cng ty CP Ch to Gin khoan Du kh
(PV Shipyard) trong lnh vc thit k v thi
cng cng trnh ni du kh, gm 11 ti
nghin cu khoa hc cng ngh cp Nh
nc. Nghin cu pht trin thit k chi tit,
thit k thi cng, cng ngh ch to, quy trnh
lp dng v h thy gin khoan t nng 90m
nc Tam o 03 - gin khoan t nng u
tin c ng mi ti Vit Nam.
Trn c s chuyn giao cng ngh t nc
ngoi, PV Shipyard nghin cu pht trin
12

DU KH - S 1/2017

thit k chi tit, thi cng ch to, lp rp cho


ph hp vi iu kin Vit Nam. Cng trnh
nghin cu, xut ci tin hp l, n gin
thit k v tit kim hn cho h thng tun
hon dung dch khoan vi c im thit k
ni bt l my tch tng hp c kh nng tch
bn, tch ct ring l hoc kt hp li thnh
my lm sch khi cn thit. Nh , tit
kim 1 cm my tch bn, 1 bm ly tm cho
cm tch bn cng cc ph kin i km so vi
2 cm ring bit. Nhm tc gi hon thnh
b h s thit k 3D gin khoan t nng 90m

nc, xy dng th vin thit k, ng b h


thng thit k v qun l d n c th s
dng cho cng tc qun l d n, thit k, sa
cha bo dng cc loi gin khoan t nng
v cng trnh bin tng t.
D n c mc cng ngh phc tp, ch
to c kh chnh xc, i hi trnh k thut
v cng ngh cao, chiu di chn 145m,
tng khi lng thi cng lp t gn 12.000
tn, c th hot ng cc khu vc nc su
n 90m cng h thng khoan c th khoan
su n 6.100m di y bin.

PETROVIETNAM

NGHIN CU PHNG N TI U CH TO, H THY V LP


T CHN SIU TRNG SIU TRNG VNG NC SU
HN 100M PH HP VI IU KIN VIT NAM
Lin doanh Vit - Nga Vietsovpetro
nghin cu, tnh ton v a ra gii php ti u
nht cho vic ch to, lp dng v h thy chn
siu trng siu trng trong vng nc su
hn 100m ph hp vi iu kin Vit Nam.
Nhm tc gi nghin cu, phn
tch, tnh ton phng n quay lt panel
siu trng siu trng bng kt hp nhiu
cu v kch thy lc. Theo , panel c
ch to bng cch t hp hon chnh trn
ng trt vi h thng gi c
thit k, b tr sn, sau tin hnh quay
lt panel bng cch kt hp nhiu cu v
kt hp vi h thng kch thy lc nng
h a panel vo ng v tr. Gii php
quay lt panel bng cch kt hp cu v h
thng tie-back vi vai tr chng gi trong
qu trnh quay lt do panel lch tm c xu
hng t lt v pha trc khi n mt gc
nht nh.

Cng trnh nghin cu xy dng, hon


thin, chun ha cc quy trnh thc hin, gii
quyt cc bi ton phc v cng tc h thy
lp t chn siu trng siu trng bng
phng php t phng ph hp vi iu kin
trang thit b ti Vit Nam nh cu c sc nng
hn ch. Kt qu nghin cu ca nhm tc gi
gip ci hon s lan VSP-05 thnh s lan
chuyn dng phng chn u tin v duy
nht Vit Nam, to tin chun b c s vt
cht phc v lp t cc chn siu trng,
siu trng; tip tc pht trin phng php
self uppending gip chn sau khi phng
t s lan chuyn dng s t ng quay lt v
phng thng ng.
T nm 2010 n nay, Vietsovpetro
ch to, h thy v lp t 6 chn ti khu
vc nc su trn 100m, khng nh nng lc
lm ch cng ngh trong lnh vc xy dng
cng trnh bin.

Ngc Linh

Gin khoan t nng 90m nc Tam o 03. nh: PVN

Cng trnh c Th tng Chnh ph


chp thun a vo danh sch Sn phm
c kh trng im nhm mc tiu pht trin
ngnh c kh Vit Nam lu di v mang tnh
chin lc.
Vic ch to thnh cng gin khoan
t nng Tam o 03 nh du bc trng
thnh vt bc ca lnh vc c kh ch to
gin khoan ni ring v ngnh c kh Vit
Nam ni chung, a Vit Nam vo danh sch
cc quc gia c kh nng thit k chi tit,
ch to gin khoan t nng t tiu chun
quc t.
Chn gin DH2 c vn chuyn v h thy bng s lan chuyn dng. nh: VSP
DU KH - S 1/2017

13

TIU IM

TH TNG CHNH PH NGUYN XUN PHC:

THO G NT THT TRONG TH CH V KHOA HC CNG NGH


Ti Hi ngh trc tuyn vi ch
Khoa hc v cng ngh phc v pht
trin kinh t - x hi do B Khoa hc v
Cng ngh t chc ngy 4/1/2017, Th
tng Chnh ph Nguyn Xun Phc
nhn mnh mun pht trin khoa hc
cng ngh thnh cng phi c 6 yu t:
Th ch, c ch, mi trng; con ngi;
ngun lc; c s h tng; nng lc hi
nhp; nng lc kin to qun tr ca
Nh nc cho khoa hc cng ngh.

Th tng Chnh ph Nguyn Xun Phc pht biu ti Hi ngh. nh: Quang Hiu

h tng Chnh ph Nguyn Xun


Phc nh gi thnh tu pht trin
kinh t - x hi thi gian qua c
ng gp quan trng ca khoa hc v cng
ngh. Xp hng v kinh t ca Vit Nam ng
trn 100 nhng xp hng ch s i mi sng
to ton cu ng th 59. Trong , cc nhm
ch tiu u ra lin quan trc tip n khoa
hc cng ngh xp di 50. iu cho thy,
d cn bt cp nhng gii khoa hc cng ngh
nc ta rt c gng so vi mt bng chung.
Trong ch o, bc u coi trng ng dng
khoa hc cng ngh, tn dng c hi ca
cuc cch mng cng nghip ln th 4 nhng
khng coi nh khoa hc - x hi v khoa hc
c bn.
Tuy nhin, nng lc cnh tranh ca Vit
Nam vn xp th 56, ch s sn sng cng
ngh ng th 92/140 quc gia v vng lnh
th. iu ny khng phi do cc nh khoa hc
gy ra m do c ch ca Nh nc, Th tng
Chnh ph nhn nh, ng thi ch ra mt tn
ti l nghin cu nhiu nhng ng dng t. Do
, u t cho khoa hc cng ngh cn bm
st hn nhu cu thc tin v thit thc hn,
u tin u t cc n, ti phc v thit
thc cho t nc. Qun l nh nc trn mt
14

DU KH - S 1/2017

s mt c tin b nhng cn bt cp nh: o


lng cht lng, s hu tr tu
Th tng Chnh ph cho rng, mun
pht trin khoa hc cng ngh thnh cng
phi c 6 yu t: Th ch, c ch, mi trng;
con ngi; ngun lc; c s h tng; nng lc
hi nhp; nng lc kin to qun tr ca Nh
nc cho khoa hc cng ngh.
Th tng nhn mnh, phi to th ch
thng thong trong pht huy nhn ti, s
dng ngi ti, k c ngi cha vo ng,
kiu bo l nhng nh khoa hc nc ngoi
nhng c nguyn vng cng hin nng lc v
kinh nghim cho qu hng.
Th tng khng nh lun lng nghe v
tip mi cn b khoa hc c nng lc, mun
ng gp xy dng T quc. Trc cuc cch
mng cng nghip ln th 4, i hi Vit Nam
phi i mi, kin to li nn hnh chnh
pht huy vai tr ca khoa hc cng ngh, nht
l con ngi v th ch. Tinh thn chung l
khai phng mi ngun nhn lc sng to
a t nc tin ln vng vng. Vic tho g
th ch no km hm s pht trin ca khoa hc
cng ngh th chnh B Khoa hc v Cng ngh
phi xut ln Trung ng ng, Chnh ph.

Phi bo m nng lc thc thi php lut


trong vic bo v quyn ti sn, quyn s hu
tr tu, nu khng kh c th pht huy ni lc
v tranh th ngoi lc. Khng c tp on
quc t no mun t trung tm nghin cu
v thit k Vit Nam nu e ngi v quyn s
hu tr tu, Th tng nhn mnh v yu cu
r sot, nh gi i ng cn b khoa hc ca
Vit Nam xy dng quy hoch chin lc
o to v s dng ti u.
Th tng Chnh ph yu cu nghin
cu khoa hc cng ngh phi gn vi th
trng trn c s hiu th trng ang cn g,
s cn g a ra hng i ph hp nht.
Cht lng, gi tr em li ca sn phm cng
ngh phi thc s do th trng nh gi,
quyt nh. Cn nhc hnh thnh mt ch
giao dch v cng ngh , nhu cu cng
ngh v sn phm cng ngh c th giao
thoa vi nhau.
Phi tch hot ng khoa hc ra khi
hot ng hnh chnh, trnh tnh trng hnh
chnh ha nghin cu khoa hc. Nu cc nh
khoa hc sut ngy lo ngh th tc hnh chnh
th ri rng v am hiu chuyn mn. Hy lm
quen vi t duy qun l khoa hc ch da vo

PETROVIETNAM

kt qu ch khng nn da vo qu trnh.
ng cc nh khoa hc phi lo mua ha
n vt v, Th tng Chnh ph yu cu.
Th tng Chnh ph yu cu y
mnh hi nhp quc t v khoa hc cng
ngh; khuyn khch doanh nghip u t,
ng dng khoa hc cng ngh; tp trung
tho g nt tht trong th ch v khoa hc
cng ngh.
Cn b khoa hc cng ngh
gii chuyn mn ri cn phi bit kinh
t, phi vn dng vo kinh t, vo i
sng, phi c thc tin. Khoa hc cng
ngh gia tri th lm sao bit i sng
sn xut, Th tng Chnh ph lu v
ngh B Khoa hc v Cng ngh, cc
n v trong h thng khoa hc cng
ngh bm st thc tin, bm st doanh
nghip, lng nghe hi th cuc sng,
xem cuc sng cn g vi tinh thn phi
hp tt 3 nh (nh khoa hc, Nh nc,
nh sn xut). i lin vi , cn b khoa
hc cng ngh cn tng cng chng suy
thoi, t din bin, t chuyn ha theo
Ngh quyt Trung ng 4.
Th tng Chnh ph nhc li li dy
ca Ch tch H Ch Minh nm 1963: Khoa
hc phi t sn xut m ra v phi tr li
phc v sn xut, phc v qun chng
nhm nng cao nng sut lao ng,
khng ngng ci thin i sng ca nhn
dn, bo m cho ch ngha x hi thng
li. Cc t chc khoa hc v nh khoa hc
phi ln ln trong thc tin, quan h cht
ch vi cc x nghip, hp tc x, ngi sn
xut, phi bit cng nhn, nng dn yu
cu g, hc lm n v sinh sng nh th
no, h cn c gip , chuyn giao, ph
bin nhng tin b khoa hc cng ngh
nh th no n nay vn cn nguyn gi
tr. Th tng Chnh ph chc ngnh khoa
hc cng ngh pht huy kt qu t c,
khc phc cc hn ch, yu km tip tc
t c nhiu thnh cng hn na, phn
u a khoa hc cng ngh thc s tr
thnh ng lc pht trin t nc nhanh
v bn vng.

B trng B Khoa hc v Cng ngh Chu Ngc Anh:

KHOA HC V CNG NGH VIT NAM C BC TIN LN


Trong thi gian qua, khoa hc cng ngh
Vit Nam tham gia tch cc vo gii quyt cc
vn kinh t - x hi, bm st, phc v trc
tip cho cc ngnh, cc lnh vc trng im
ca t nc, gip nng cao nng lc cnh
tranh ca cc doanh nghip, ngnh sn xut.
Trong lnh vc sn xut cng nghip, xy dng,
thit k, ch to thnh cng nhiu loi sn
phm, thit b c kh p ng yu cu kinh t
- x hi thay th nhp khu vi gi thnh cnh
tranh. Qua hot ng khoa hc cng ngh, cc
vin nghin cu, tp on, doanh nghip c kh
ch to khng nh c thng hiu, v th
th trng trong nc v th gii, c nng
lc lm tng thu cc cng trnh ln hng t
USD, mt s sn phm t tiu chun cht

lng tng ng vi sn phm nhp khu,


iu kin xut khu cnh tranh vi sn phm
nc ngoi, in hnh nh gin khoan t nng
120m (Tam o 05) - gin khoan t nng du
kh ln nht Vit Nam h thy, bn giao cho
ch u t Lin doanh Vit - Nga Vietsovpetro
ngy 12/8/2016...
i mi cng ngh gp phn nng
cao nng sut, cht lng, gim gi thnh sn
phm to ra sn phm mi thay th nhp khu
trong cc ngnh kinh t mi nhn. Lnh vc du
kh, nm vng nhiu cng ngh hin i, p
dng nng cao h s thu hi du cc m
trong khai thc th cp, tam cp nh: Bch H,
Rng ng, S T en, S T Vng...

B trng B Cng Thng Trn Tun Anh:

TNG CNG TIM LC KHOA HC CNG NGH


Tng cng tim lc khoa hc cng ngh
thng qua u t chiu su, tng cng trang
thit b v o to ngun nhn lc khoa hc
v cng ngh c cc n v trong ngnh
Cng Thng quan tm thc hin. in hnh l
Tp on Du kh Vit Nam u t xy dng
Trung tm Phn tch Th nghim v Vn phng
Vin Du kh Vit Nam ti Thnh ph H Ch
Minh; u t trang thit b, phn mm phc
v nghin cu, phn tch, th nghim v dch
v khoa hc cng ngh. Nh Vin Du kh
Vit Nam khng nh c v th v c th
t ch trong nghin cu, phn tch cc mu du
kh phc v cng tc tm kim, thm d v khai
thc du kh Vit Nam v trong khu vc, ng
gp tch cc vo thnh cng trong vic tip
nhn chuyn giao, p dng v lm ch hng
lot cng ngh hin i nht ca th gii vo
trong cc lnh vc hot ng ca ngnh Du kh
Vit Nam
Hot ng khoa hc v cng ngh ngnh
Cng Thng cn tip tc khng nh vai tr
l ng lc quan trng gp phn vo thnh
tu ca ngnh Cng Thng giai on 2016 2020. Phng hng hot ng khoa hc v
cng ngh cn tp trung vo nhim v tip

tc i mi, hon thin c cu t chc, c


ch qun l, nng cao hiu qu hot ng v
pht trin th trng khoa hc v cng ngh.
u t pht trin c trng tm, trng im,
c s vt cht, trang thit b hin i p ng
nhu cu nghin cu, c bit trong lnh vc
thit k, ch to sn phm mi, phn tch,
kim tra, chng nhn hp quy, hp chun sn
phm. Nghin cu, ng dng, chuyn giao
cng ngh phc v pht trin bn vng cc
lnh vc ca ngnh Cng Thng; t nghin
cu phc v xy dng chin lc, chnh sch
pht trin cng nghip v thng mi, khai
thc c hiu qu cc hip nh TPP, FTA k
kt n cc nghin cu phc v pht trin,
nng cao nng lc cnh tranh ca doanh
nghip, sn phm cng nghip thuc cc lnh
vc chuyn ngnh c kh, c in t, thit b
in, in t v t ng ha, khai thc v ch
bin khong sn, ha cht v cng ngh vt
liu, cng nghip nng lng, cng nghip
nh v cng ngh sinh hc, ha dc, cng
nghip mi trng y mnh hot ng
thng tin, thng k khoa hc v cng ngh,
xy dng tiu chun, quy chun k thut v
s hu tr tu.
DU KH - S 1/2017

15

TIU IM

TS. NGUYN QUC THP - PH TNG GIM C TP ON DU KH VIT NAM:

NNG CAO NNG SUT, CHT LNG, HIU QU


L tp on kinh t Nh nc hng
u ca Vit Nam, hot ng trong
mt ngnh cng nghip nng, nhiu
ri ro, i hi vn u t ln v cng
ngh k thut cao, Tp on Du kh
Quc gia Vit Nam xc nh khoa
hc cng ngh l mt trong nhng gii
php t ph nhm nng cao nng
sut, cht lng, hiu qu sn xut
kinh doanh v s pht trin bn vng
theo chiu su. Tp on quyt lit
trin khai cc hot ng u t cho
khoa hc cng ngh nhm a Tp
on c bc pht trin vt bc v
cht v lng.

Lnh o Tp on Du kh Vit Nam lm vic ti cng trnh kh ca PV GAS. nh: PVN

p on ch o cc n v
nghin cu khoa hc tp trung
vo vic nng cao cht lng
nghin cu, p dng cc cng ngh cao,
tin tin, gn nghin cu vi thc tin sn
xut... Hin nay, ngnh cng nghip du
kh Vit Nam c xy dng ng b t
khu tm kim, thm d v khai thc - x
l - ch bin - phn phi sn phm - dch v
du kh v khoa hc cng ngh c p
dng tt c lnh vc hot ng sn xut
kinh doanh ca Tp on. y chnh l c
hi, tin cho cng tc nghin cu khoa
hc v cung cp dch v khoa hc cng ngh
pht trin mnh. nng cao nng lc khoa
hc cng ngh trong cc lnh vc sn xut
kinh doanh ct li, Tp on v ang tp
trung u t nng cao nng lc khoa hc
cng ngh du kh Vit Nam trong cc lnh
vc tm kim thm d v khai thc du kh;
thu gom, vn chuyn, tng tr v s dng
kh; ha - ch bin du kh v ha du; cng
ngh cng trnh du kh; xy dng v vn
hnh cc nh my in v lnh vc nghin
cu khoa hc. c bit, cng tc nghin cu
16

DU KH - S 1/2017

iu tra c bn v du kh c Tp on
Du kh Vit Nam ch trng trin khai. Kt
qu nghin cu c coi l c s khoa hc
tin cy trong vic xy dng chin lc pht
trin di hn ca Tp on, gip a ra ch
trng ng trong hot ng sn xut kinh
doanh, nh hng pht trin kinh t - x
hi t nc.
Thc tin hot ng cho thy, cc cng
trnh nghin cu khoa hc gp phn lm
sng t cc vn quan trng nh: cu trc
a cht v tim nng du kh cc b trm
tch, cc gii php duy tr v nng cao sn
lng khai thc du kh, pht trin cng
ngh s dng kh, nh gi tc ng mi
trng iu ny gp phn nng cao
tim lc khoa hc cng ngh du kh, lm
ch v ci tin cng ngh. Ngnh du kh
c coi l ang trin khai ng dng cc
cng ngh hin i nht so vi cc ngnh
cng nghip khc trong nc. Song hnh
trn tng chng ng pht trin, cc cng
trnh nghin cu bm st gii quyt cc
vn khoa hc v cng ngh theo yu cu

thc t sn xut kinh doanh, phc v v p


dng trc tip vo cc hot ng sn xut
kinh doanh ca Tp on.
n nay, Tp on tip nhn chuyn
giao, p dng v lm ch cng ngh hin
i nht ca th gii vo trong cc lnh vc
hot ng ca ngnh.
khu u, trong lnh vc tm kim
thm d v khai thc du kh, Tp on
s dng nhiu cng ngh hin i, k c
cc ng dng mi nht ca cng ngh
tin hc, nh cc phn mm x l v minh
gii s liu, ti liu a vt l, m hnh
ha v m phng, thit k khai thc. Tp
on nghin cu v cng ngh khoan
ti cc vng bin su v cc i tng a
cht khc nhau, nghin cu thit lp cc
h dung dch khoan ph hp vi cc iu
kin a cht khc nhau ca Vit Nam. Cng
ngh sinh hc v ha hc v ang c
p dng nng cao h s thu hi du v
gp phn quan trng vo vic duy tr sn
lng khai thc.

PETROVIETNAM

D n Bin ng 01. nh: Trung Linh

khu sau, cc nghin cu khoa hc tp


trung vo phn tch du th, kh nhm phc
v xy dng c s d liu v du, kh ca cc
m du kh Vit Nam, nghin cu la chn
nguyn liu, xc tc v ti u ha vn hnh
cc nh my lc ha du, a dng ha sn
phm nhm nng cao hiu qu, nng lc cnh
tranh ca cc nh my.
Lnh vc cng nghip kh, Tp on
trin khai cc ni dung nghin cu la chn
gii php ti u cng tc vn hnh, bo dng
mng li ng ng dn kh; gii php s
dng hiu qu ngun kh, x l kh c hm
lng CO2 cao v chuyn i nhin liu m
rng th trng tiu th kh; nghin cu xut
c ch gi kh ph hp pht trin cc m kh.
Cc nghin cu chuyn su trong lnh vc
in cng c trin khai theo hng nghin
cu hiu qu u t ca cc d n nhit in
kh v in than; vn hnh v bo dng cc
nh my in...

Trong lnh vc an ton sc khe mi


trng, Tp on xy dng c h
thng cc phng php kim nh tin tin
kim sot v mt mi trng cc ha cht
s dng trong ngnh du kh gip c quan
qun l mi trng nh gi c mc
nguy him v qun l ri ro i vi vic s
dng v thi b cc ha cht c hi. Nghin
cu lp bn nhy cm mi trng, xy
dng m hnh lan truyn du, xy dng k
hoch ng ph s c trn du... Xy dng c
s d liu cht thi v quan trc mi trng,
ng thi thit lp h thng VMEGIS, gip
qun l tnh hnh bo v mi trng lin
quan n cc hot ng du kh v lp k
hoch ng cu s c trn du.
Khoa hc cng ngh gp phn nng
cao nng sut lao ng, gim chi ph, gi
thnh sn xut, gia tng t l cht xm
trong cu thnh sn phm. Nh vy, c th
thy rng, u v khi no khoa hc cng

ngh cng lun l lc lng sn xut, l


ng lc quan trng thc y pht trin
kinh t - x hi.
Vi quan im khoa hc cng ngh
l cng c hng u nng cao nng lc
cnh tranh v thc hin thnh cng Chin
lc pht trin, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam
v ang lin tc nghin cu, trin khai,
ng dng v chuyn giao cng ngh mi,
ti u ha vn hnh v tit kim nng lng
nng cao hiu qu hot ng sn xut.
Cc hot ng khoa hc cng ngh du kh
cn c trin khai trn c s pht huy ni
lc, kt hp cht ch vi hp tc trong nc,
quc t, gn kt nghin cu - o to - sn
xut, ng thi khng ngng nng cao cht
lng ngun nhn lc khoa hc cng ngh
to thnh sc mnh tng hp v nng
cao nng lc cnh tranh...

DU KH - S 1/2017

17

TIU IM

VT QUA THCH THC, NM BT C HI


Y MNH PHT TRIN LNH VC CH BIN DU KH
L Mnh Hng
Tp on Du kh Vit Nam
Email: hunglm@pvn.vn

Tm tt

Trc nhng din bin, thay i ca kinh t, chnh tr, x hi th gii v Vit Nam, xut hin cc c hi v thch thc
mi nh: c hi v thch thc v th trng cung cu du kh, sn phm lc ha du, c cu cc ngun nng lng, xung
t chnh tr, dn s trn th gii thc hin thng li Chin lc pht trin Tp on Du kh Vit Nam n nm
2025 v nh hng n nm 2035, cn phn tch, nh gi c hi, thch thc t c cc nh hng, gii php y
mnh pht trin lnh vc ch bin du kh trong bi cnh hin nay.
T kha: Chin lc pht trin, ch bin du kh.
1. Gii thiu
Thc hin Chin lc pht trin Ngnh Du kh Vit
Nam c B Chnh tr kt lun v Th tng Chnh ph
ph duyt ti Quyt nh s 386/Q-TTg ngy 9/3/2006,
mt trong cc nhim v quan trng l pht trin cng
nghip ch bin du kh ng b vi khu thng ngun
gia tng gi tr ti nguyn du kh, khp kn chui gi
tr t khai thc - vn chuyn - ch bin du kh.
Tri qua hn 15 nm, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam
hon thnh xy dng cc Cm cng nghip lc du
- ha cht bao gm: Nh my Lc du Dung Qut (6,5
triu tn du th/nm, 2010), Nh my m Ph M
(800.000 tn urea ht trong/nm, 2004), Nh my m
C Mau (800.000 tn urea ht c/nm, 2012), Nh my
Polypropylene Dung Qut (150.000 tn/nm, 2010),
Nh my X si Polyester nh V (175.000 tn/nm,
2014), Nh my Bio-ethanol Dung Qut (100.000m3
ethanol/nm, 2013), Nh my Bio-ethanol Bnh Phc
(100.000m3 ethanol/nm, 2013), Nh my ch bin
Condensate Ph M (13.000 tn/nm, 2003), d n Lin
hp Lc ha du Nghi Sn (10 triu tn du th/nm,
2017), T hp Ha du min Nam (2,7 triu tn nguyn
liu/nm, 2021) v nng cp m rng Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut (8,5 triu tn du th/nm, 2021). Cc d
n ch bin lc, ha du ngy cng c ng gp quan
trng trong chui gi tr gia tng tm kim thm d khai thc - ch bin - vn chuyn du kh gp phn pht
trin tng th Ngnh Du kh Vit Nam. T trng doanh
thu ca lnh vc ch bin du kh so vi tng doanh thu
ca Tp on qua cc nm tng ln, nm 2011 (18%),
nm 2012 (18%), nm 2013 (22,4%), nm 2014 (26%),
nm 2015 (30%) v nm 2016 (38%) [1, 2].

Vi 4 d n, cm d n l cc cng trnh trng im


quc gia, d n trng im Nh nc v du kh v s
i vo hot ng gp phn bo m an ninh nng lng
quc gia, cung cp cc mt hng thit yu nh xng du,
phn m, nha... cho nn kinh t Vit Nam. ng thi
cc cng trnh trng im quc gia ny ng vai tr u
tu, ko theo cc ngnh, lnh vc khc cng pht trin
gp phn y mnh s nghip cng nghip ha, hin i
ha t nc, h tr gii quyt cng n vic lm, nng cao
trnh ngun nhn lc cho Ngnh Du kh cng nh cho
t nc.
Trc nhng din bin, thay i ca kinh t, chnh
tr, x hi th gii, Vit Nam xut hin cc c hi v thch
thc mi nh c hi v th trng cung cu du kh, sn
phm lc ha du, c cu nng lng... Do , thc
hin thng li Chin lc pht trin Tp on Du kh Vit
Nam n nm 2025 v nh hng n nm 2035 c
Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt ti Quyt nh s 1749/
Q-TTg ngy 14/10/2015, vic phn tch, nh gi c hi,
thch thc t c cc nh hng, gii php y mnh
pht trin lnh vc ch bin du kh ca Tp on l ht
sc thit thc v cp thit trong bi cnh hin nay.
2. C hi v thch thc
2.1. nh gi nhng c hi cho pht trin ch bin du kh
Cc hot ng du kh ni chung v cng nghip
lc - ha du ni ring lun c ng, Chnh ph quan
tm, to iu kin thun li pht trin. Cc d n trng
im lc - ha du c Chnh ph ch o su st, cc
B/Ngnh trc tip tham gia h tr, gip tho g cc kh
khn thng qua Ban ch o Nh nc cc cng trnh
trng im v du kh.

Ngy nhn bi: 30/12/2016. Ngy phn bin nh gi v sa cha: 30/12/2016 - 7/1/2017. Ngy bi bo c duyt ng: 9/1/2017.

18

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

qun l, iu hnh, c tim lc ti chnh v khoa hc


cng ngh tin tin.

TS. L Mnh Hng - Ph Tng gim c Tp on Du kh Vit Nam kim tra cng tc
sn xut ti Nh my m C Mau. nh: PVCFC

Chin lc pht trin Ngnh Du kh Vit Nam, trong


c lnh vc ch bin du kh (khu sau) c Th
tng Chnh ph ph duyt, lm c s cho vic hoch
nh k hoch v cc nh hng pht trin cc hot ng
khu sau.
Qua hn 15 nm trin khai, u t, xy dng v vn
hnh, kinh doanh, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam tch
ly nhiu kinh nghim v to dng c mt s thng
hiu uy tn nh: m Ph M - Cho ma bi thu; m C
Mau - Ht ngc ma vng; Xng du Dung Qut; nha
Polypropylene Dung Qut... Tp th cn b, chuyn gia
trong lnh vc khu sau c o to c bn v chuyn
mn, nhit huyt, gn b vi ngnh, c quyt tm, c kh
nng tip thu cc kin thc, kinh nghim vn hnh, qun
l cng nh cc cng ngh, k thut mi.
Kinh t Vit Nam vn ang trong qu trnh pht
trin, nhu cu cc sn phm lc ha du tnh trn u
ngi cn thp, c tim nng tng trng nhu cu cc
sn phm lc du, ha du v ha cht. Nhu cu tiu th
cc sn phm lc du v ha du trong nc tng lin
tc v n nh trong cc nm ti. Theo d bo nhu cu
nng lng giai on 2015 - 2020 tng khong 8,3%/
nm; nhu cu cc sn phm ha du giai on 2016 2025 tng trn 5%/nm.
Trong iu kin ngun cung cp du th di do,
gi thp, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam thun li hn
trong vic cung cp nguyn liu v trin khai cc d
n ch bin du kh. Vi uy tn v kinh nghim trin
khai cc d n ln, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam c nhiu
c hi hn trong vic chn la i tc v thu xp vn
cho cc d n ch bin du kh. Cc i tc trong v
ngoi nc tham gia d n u l nhng tp on du
kh, ha du, ha cht mnh, c uy tn v kinh nghim

Vi dn s trn 94 triu ngi, trong t l dn s tr


cao, Vit Nam s l ngun cung cp lao ng tt v l th
trng tiu th hp dn cho cc nh u t. Vit Nam nm
khu vc ng Nam , c b bin di, nhiu cng nc
su, nm trn tuyn ng vn chuyn hng ha ca khu
vc v th gii, rt thun li cho vic nhp v cung ng
sn phm lc ha du cho cc nc chu , c bit l
Trung Quc v n ; y cng l im rt ph hp vi
xu th hp tc u t v lin kt chui trong lnh vc ha
du (gia cc bn c ngun nguyn liu, vn u t, th
trng, phn phi tiu th).
Chu ang l khu vc u tu v pht trin lc ha
du ca th gii, l ng lc cho tng trng ca lnh
vc lc ha du, trong Trung Quc, n ni ln vi
li th v nhu cu ni a ln v Trung ng c ngun
nguyn liu gi r. Vit Nam hi nhp v tham gia vo
th trng kinh t th gii (ASEAN, AFTA, WTO...) s l c
hi cho ngnh lc ha du ca Vit Nam nng tm v
thu ht u t nc ngoi vo cc d n, m rng th
trng c v nhp khu nguyn liu cng nh tiu th
sn phm.
2.2. Hn ch, kh khn, thch thc
Bn cnh cc c hi, thun li trn, vic pht trin lnh
vc ch bin du kh ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam cn
gp nhiu kh khn, hn ch:
2.2.1. V c ch chnh sch, quy nh ca Nh nc
M hnh t chc qun l Nh nc v du kh ang
tip tc hon thin. Ngnh Du kh tri qua nhiu m
hnh t chc, qun l Nh nc khc nhau nhng n nay
cha c m hnh thch hp nht pht trin trong iu
kin thc t ca Vit Nam.
Quy nh ca Nh nc v u t, xy dng, u thu
cn nhiu khc bit so vi quc t i vi lnh vc ch
bin du kh (cc bc thit k nh: thit k c s, FEED,
hnh thc Hp ng EPC,); lut php v u t, xy
dng, u thu c nhiu thay i trong thi gian ngn
(V xy dng: Ngh nh 16/2005/N-CP, 12/2009/N-CP,
112/2009/N-CP nay l Ngh nh 59/2015/N-CP; v u
thu: Lut u thu 61/2005/QH11, Ngh nh 111/2006/
N-CP v nay l Lut u thu s 43/2013/QH13, Ngh
nh 63/2014/N-CP).
Cc chnh sch h tr c th p dng cho cc d n
ch bin du kh ln cn thiu v cn c tip tc hon
DU KH - S 1/2017

19

TIU IM

vc nn vn cn ngun vn ln, trong khi vic thu xp


vn t cc ngun bn ngoi cho cc d n ln rt phc
tp v mt nhiu thi gian. c bit, gi du th trong thi
gian qua st gim v duy tr mc thp nh hng
mnh n ngun lc ti chnh ca Tp on Du kh Vit
Nam. Theo tnh ton, thc hin ng quy hoch pht
trin lnh vc khu sau th tng vn u t cho giai on
2015 - 2020 cn khong 307 nghn t ng, trong vn
ch s hu ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam cn khong
41 nghn t ng, vn vay khong 177 nghn t ng [3].
2.2.3. V ngun nguyn liu
Lnh o Tp on Du kh Vit Nam kim tra cng tc vn hnh
ti Nh my Lc du Dung Qut. nh: BSR

thin, c bit i vi d n c quy m v vn u t ln,


cng ngh phc tp, thi gian xy dng ko di, c hiu
qu kinh t khng cao, nhng rt cn thit to cho vic
pht trin kinh t - x hi ca t nc. Trong , mt s
chnh sch thu (gim thu nhp khu) p dng cho xng
du khi Vit Nam tham gia cc hip nh thng mi t
do, cng chnh sch khng c khu tr thu gi tr gia
tng p dng cho phn bn ang nh hng rt ln n
doanh nghip sn xut trong nc v p lc cnh tranh
vi sn phm nhp khu.
Quy nh v cht lng sn phm, tiu chun mi
trng ngy cng nghim ngt nhng cha ng b vi
nhu cu v trnh pht trin ca nn kinh t Vit Nam.
C ch chnh sch cho cc sn phm mi (ethanol, x
si) cha ng b, cn nhiu bt cp, khng to ra c
th trng n nh.
Vic trin khai cc d n khu sau rt nhy cm, chu
s nh hng trc tip ca cc bin ng th trng, i
hi s qun l nhy bn, nng ng v quyt on do
cn c nhiu c ch qun l c cch.
2.2.2. V ti chnh, ngun vn
Kinh t v m cha bn vng, thm ht ngn sch
cn cao, n vay nc ngoi ang tng mnh v cao,
Chnh ph khng th bo lnh thu xp vn cho cc d
n trong c cc d n ch bin du kh (nn rt kh
khn khi tip cn cc ngun ti chnh hp dn); trong khi
cc d n lc ha du vi bn cht u t cao v di hn,
li nhun khng cao nn ch nhn c s u tin ca
cc qu ti chnh, nh u t ln khi c s h tr v bo
lnh ca Chnh ph.
Tp on Du kh Vit Nam tuy c tim lc mnh
nhng do phi u t vo nhiu d n trong nhiu lnh
20

DU KH - S 1/2017

Ngun nguyn liu cho lc ha du trong nc cn


hn ch, sn lng du th ca m Bch H st gim hng
nm dn n nguyn liu cung cp cho Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut t trong nc gim. Ngun nguyn liu kh
ch yu phc v cho sn xut in, nguy c thiu kh cho
cc Nh my m Ph M, Nh my m C Mau. Mt s
m kh tr lng ln (C Voi Xanh) c hm lng CO2, N2
cao, tin a vo khai thc chm, gi cao khng hp
dn cho ch bin su sn xut cc sn phm ha du. V
vy, vic trin khai cc d n ch bin du kh ph thuc
nhiu vo ngun nguyn liu nhp khu hoc phi ch
cc d n khai thc.
Do cha cn i c c cu sn phm ha du lm
nguyn liu cho cc nh my trong nc nn nguyn liu
ch yu phi nhp khu nh: Nh my X si Polyester
nh V s dng hon ton nguyn liu nhp khu (PTA,
MEG), chim t l n 85% gi thnh ca sn phm.
Th trng nguyn liu u vo sn xut nhin liu
sinh hc d bin ng ln v gi thnh v sn lng do
ph thuc vo ngi dn, thi tit ma v, phng thc
mua nguyn liu bt li. Vic u t pht trin vng nguyn
liu gp kh khn do quan h hp tc gia ngi nng dn
trng sn v doanh nghip ch bin cha tin cy v
cha c c quan qun l quan tm ng mc.
2.2.4. V nng lc cnh tranh
Nng lc cnh tranh ca cc d n lc du thp do
quy m cng sut cc nh my cn nh, t l tch hp lc
du/ha du thp so vi cc nh my trn th gii (ch s
Nelson ca Lin hp Lc ha du Nghi Sn l 10,5, Nh
my Lc du Dung Qut l 6,7; ch s trung bnh ca cc
nh my lc du th gii l 12 - 13), mc ch bin su
hn ch, t l sn phm ha du rt thp (Dung Qut =
2,4%; Nghi Sn = 15,9%). ch bin du th v a dng
ha sn phm thp, cht lng sn phm xng du mi
t Euro II, Euro III [4].

PETROVIETNAM

Cc cng trnh, nh my u t vi quy m trung


bnh, nh, nm ring bit, h tng u t ln, khng tn
dng v h tr ln nhau c v nng lng, ph tr.
ng thi, nng lc qun tr cn hn ch dn n chi ph
cao so vi khu vc v th gii.
Do quy hoch qu nhiu nh my sn xut dn n
tnh trng d cung trong mt s sn phm (ngun cung
phn m trong nc vt xa nhu cu trong nc) trong
khi phi cnh tranh vi sn phm nhp khu l rt
kh khn (nh urea nhp khu t th trng Indonesia v
Trung Quc, cnh tranh khc lit vi sn phm ca Nh
my m C Mau, Ph M). Th phn s c nhiu bin
ng khi cnh tranh v gi v cht lng sn phm tr
nn khc lit hn.

trong giai on u a nh my vo vn hnh thng


mi. Nh my va phi n nh sn xut, nng cao cht
lng sn phm trong lc tnh hnh ti chnh, qun tr
kh khn, sn phm phi cnh tranh trc tip vi hng
nhp khu m khng c s h tr no t chnh sch ca
Nh nc.
Cng tc phn phi, tiu th xng E5 gp nhiu kh
khn do c ch chnh sch ca Nh nc hin nay cha
khuyn khch cc doanh nghip phn phi kinh
doanh xng sinh hc v tm l ngi tiu dng cha
sn sng thay i thi quen s dng xng thng sang
xng E5.
2.2.6. V xu hng u t, cng ngh

Mt s d n sut u t cao, chm tr ko di, pht


sinh nhiu dn n mt c hi th trng v lm cho chi
ph sn xut ln nn rt kh khn khi phi cnh tranh vi
hng nhp khu m hng ro thu quan c gim
hoc xa b (x si polyester, ethanol).

Do yu cu mi trng ngy cng kht khe hn i


vi sn xut v sn phm lc ha du, cc nh my ch
bin du kh phi ch bin su hn, u t pht trin cc
sn phm c gi tr gia tng cao, u t vo nghin cu
pht trin (R&D) v p dng cng ngh mi hn.

2.2.5. V th trng

Xu hng u t xy dng cc nh my lc ha du c
cng sut ngy cng ln, s dng u vo nhiu nguyn
liu xu hn v a dng, p dng cng ngh mi tng
kh nng cnh tranh v hiu qu. Cc nh my lc du
cng sut thp buc phi nng cp hoc ng ca.

Chu p lc cnh tranh t cc t hp lc ha du


trong khu vc/th gii c quy m cng sut ln hn (chi
ph sn xut thp hn v sn phm lc du), kinh nghim
qun l vn hnh lu nm (Thi Lan, Trung Quc), u
th v gi thnh nguyn liu (Trung ng) v cc d
n trong nc khng c phn vn ca Tp on Du
kh Vit Nam. Cc nh my lc ha du mi s tip tc
c tp trung ch yu cc nc mi ni v chu .
Cc nc trong khu vc ng Nam u c ch trng
y mnh v h tr pht trin cng nghip ha du. Th
trng phn bn, nha cng phi cnh tranh vi cc
n v khc trong nc.

Cc nh my lc ha du mi s tip tc c tp
trung ch yu cc nc mi ni v chu . Cc nc
ng Nam c ch trng y mnh vic tch hp cng
ngh lc ha du.
2.2.7. V ngun nhn lc
Lc lng nhn s b thu ht v chia s vi cc d n
lc ha du khc ngoi Tp on Du kh Vit Nam.

Khng th s dng hng ro thu quan bo v


cc sn phm lc du trong nc do rng buc bi cc
hip nh quc t. L trnh ct gim thu nhp khu
AFTA ang rt gn, cc chnh sch bo h dn b g b.
Vic x l bo lnh ca Chnh ph cam kt (GGU) s kh
khn c bit l Tp on Du kh Vit Nam phi ng
tin b thu cho nh u t nc ngoi. Trong khi ,
Vit Nam m ca th trng xng du, cc doanh nghip
ln ca nc ngoi trong lnh vc phn phi bn l sn
phm xng du s thm nhp th trng, to p lc cnh
tranh ln i vi cc doanh nghip sn xut xng du
trong nc;

i ng cn b thc hin tham gia nghin cu c


bn, chun b u t, nghin cu th trng... cn thiu
trong khi ch u t cha c kinh nghim qun l d n
c quy m ln. Vic thu ht, iu ng cn b c trnh
v kinh nghim cho cc d n trng im gp nhiu kh
khn do cc d n ln u nm khu vc xa trung tm
kinh t - x hi, trong khi lc lng cn b trong lnh vc
h ngun ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam cn rt mng v
thiu kinh nghim thc t.

Vic tiu th sn phm, tip cn th trng ca


Nh my X si Polyester nh V gp kh khn ngay

Cn tp trung nghin cu, hon thin chin lc


pht trin lnh vc ch bin du kh trong chin lc

3. Gii php v nh hng


3.1. Tp trung vo cng tc qun tr

DU KH - S 1/2017

21

TIU IM

chung ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam; t chc thc hin


v qun tr chin lc ch bin du kh tng th v cho
tng n v trong ton lnh vc ch bin du kh. c bit,
vic trin khai ng b chin lc nhm kt ni chui gi
tr gia tng, pht huy li th so snh ca Tp on.
Trn c s nghin cu, nh gi m hnh qun tr v
m hnh kinh doanh hin ti, cp nht cc iu kin v xu
hng mi, cn y nhanh vic hon thin m hnh qun
tr khu sau mt cch thng nht nhm tp trung ngun
lc v gim thiu cnh tranh ni b, to lin kt chui
nng cao nng lc cnh tranh; ng thi trin khai xy
dng v p dng h thng qun tr chung ton h thng
(ERP, m ha v qun l vt t...).
Nng cp v pht huy hiu qu h thng qun tr ri
ro trong hot ng sn xut kinh doanh, ngay t giai on
chun b u t; ch ng trong cng tc bo dng, sa
cha v p dng cc cng c tin tin (CMMS, RBI, RCM...)
cho bo dng, tn dng, chia s cc ngun lc chung cc
nh my khu sau (cng c, dng c, nhn lc trnh
cao; vt t d phng...).
3.2. y mnh nghin cu pht trin
Xy dng chin lc nghin cu pht trin di hn
gn vi mc tiu tng th v mc tiu cho tng giai on
r rng. Pht trin nghin cu theo hng u tin pht
trin sn phm mi, a dng ha sn phm, nng cao
nng lc cnh tranh ca cc nh my khu sau. y mnh
nghin cu nng cao cng sut, nng sut, hiu sut, cht
lng sn phm nhm khai thc ti a hiu qu cc cng
trnh, d n u t, gim chi ph sn xut tin ti ngang
bng hoc cnh tranh vi cc nh my ch bin du kh
khc trong khu vc.
u t c s vt cht v o to, thu ht cc
chuyn gia nghin cu khoa hc theo hng m bo
nng lc t vn la chn cng ngh v nghin cu
chuyn su mt s cng ngh sn xut sn phm ha
du, ha cht.
Hp tc, lin kt vi cc n v trong v ngoi nc
c tnh cht nghin cu phi hp trin khai cc ti
gn lin vi nhu cu ca cc nh my ch bin du kh,
tn dng kt qu nghin cu khoa hc c bn v c s vt
cht ca x hi. Tng cng hp tc quc t trong nghin
cu khoa hc, ng dng v chuyn giao cng ngh vi
cc i tc chin lc, cng ty v t chc trong khu vc
v th gii hc hi kinh nghim, tip thu v tng bc
lm ch, ci tin, tin ti sng to trong lnh vc ch bin
du kh.
22

DU KH - S 1/2017

3.3. y mnh cng tc ti u ha


Pht huy sng kin v ci tin k thut trong vn hnh
nh my m bo vn hnh, bo dng an ton, n nh,
tit kim nng lng v nng cao cng sut nh my.
Thng xuyn theo di, cp nht cc nh mc tiu
hao, xut cc sng kin ci tin k thut c c
nh mc ti u nhm h gi thnh sn phm.
3.4. Nng cp, hon thin quy m d n, y nhanh cc
d n Quy hoch
Hon thnh u t v a vo vn hnh thng
mi d n Lin hp Lc ha du Nghi Sn ng tin ;
nghin cu tn dng h tng u t, nh gi kh
nng trin khai giai on 2 tp trung vo ch bin su,
ha du.
Quyt lit trin khai cc bin php nhm y nhanh
tin d n Nng cp m rng Nh my Lc du Dung
Qut, d n T hp Ha du min Nam.
3.5. Tch hp, t hp cng trnh d n
Tp trung u t pht trin d n theo nh hng
khai thc ti a li th v s dng c hiu qu c s vt
cht, sn phm ca cc nh my sn c hoc ang xy
dng pht trin lnh vc ch bin du kh. Tn dng cc
ngun ti nguyn trong nc c bit l kh thin nhin
a dng ha nguyn liu u vo ca t hp lc ha
du; y mnh vic kt ni c s vt cht u t, m
rng quy m cng sut ngang tm khu vc/th gii v
tch hp lc ha du gim chi ph sn xut; a dng
ha sn phm, tng cng ch bin su lc du - ha du
ko di chui gi tr gia tng v gim ri ro.
3.6. M rng hp tc vi cc i tc trong khu vc v
th gii
Nng tm hp tc vi cc i tc truyn thng lu i
v tm kim m rng hp tc vi cc i tc trong khu vc
v trn th gii tham gia vo cc d n ch bin du kh
Vit Nam. Vic hp tc vi cc i tc trn th gii l c
hi Ngnh Du kh Vit Nam hc hi kinh nghim qun
l, chia s tin b khoa hc cng ngh v tranh th ngun
vn u t t nc ngoi. Cc yu t l c s Vit
Nam thc y s pht trin ca lnh vc ch bin du kh.
3.7. Ti cu trc, c phn ha thu ht ngun lc x hi
To ngun lc ti chnh, c phn ha, tng vn huy
ng ngun lc x hi thng qua th trng chng
khon v thu ht u t trong v ngoi nc; i vi

PETROVIETNAM

nhng d n kh khn ku gi cc i tc tham gia nhm


hp tc, tn dng kinh nghim, nng lc ti chnh, th
trng ca i tc a cc nh my vo hot ng
n nh ri tng bc thoi vn tp trung vo cc d
n chin lc, ct li m Tp on Du kh Vit Nam c
li th so snh.

cha, vn chuyn c bit l cc chnh sch nhm kin


to th trng cn c xy dng v ban hnh nhm to
ng lc cho cc sn phm mi (nhin liu sinh hc, x
si, phn bn vi sinh, hu c, CNG, LNG) xm nhp v
pht trin.
Ti liu tham kho

3.8. V c ch, chnh sch


y mnh pht trin lnh vc ch bin du kh cn
khn trng r sot cc quy nh c s khc bit ln so
vi thng l quc t, gy kh khn trong qu trnh trin
khai u t, khai thc vn hnh cc d n kin ngh
Chnh ph sa i, ban hnh cc quy nh c th cho
pht trin lnh vc ch bin du kh. Trc mt l cc quy
nh lin quan n d n u t nh: Cc bc thit k
gn vi quyt nh u t (thit k s b, thit k c s,
thit k k thut) v bc quyt nh u t cui cng;
Quy nh v ph duyt thit k, cng tc thm tra, thm
nh d n u t; cc khc bit v quy nh ca php lut
v u t, xy dng, u thu
Cc chnh sch u i cho cc d n ch bin du kh,
chnh sch thu cn phi c kin ngh x l mt cch
ng b, dt im nhm m bo hi ha gia li ch ca
Nh nc, doanh nghip v ngi dn, ng thi duy tr
sc thu ht cc nh u t, m bo li th cnh tranh cho
cc nh sn xut trong nc.
Cc quy nh v cht lng sn phm lc ha du
phi c ng b vi cc quy nh v ng c, tn

1. B Chnh tr. nh hng Chin lc pht trin


Ngnh Du kh Vit Nam n nm 2025 v tm nhn n
nm 2035. Ngh quyt s 41-NQ/TW. 23/7/2015.
2. Th tng Chnh ph. Ph duyt Chin lc pht
trin Ngnh Du kh Vit Nam n nm 2025 v nh hng
n nm 2035. Quyt nh s 1748/Q-TTg. 14/10/2015.
3. Th tng Chnh ph. Ph duyt Chin lc
pht trin Tp on Du kh Vit Nam n nm 2025 v
nh hng n nm 2035. Quyt nh s 1749/Q-TTg.
14/10/2015.
4. Tp on Du kh Vit Nam. Ph duyt K hoch 5
nm giai on 2016 - 2020 ca Cng ty TNHH MTV Lc ha
du Bnh Sn. Ngh quyt s 4001/NQ-DKVN. 17/6/2015.
5. Tp on Du kh Vit Nam. Ph duyt Chin lc
pht trin n nm 2025, nh hng n nm 2035 v K
hoch 5 nm 2016 - 2020 ca Tng cng ty Phn bn v
Ha cht Du kh - CTCP. Ngh quyt s 3962/NQ-DKVN.
16/6/2015.

Overcoming challenges and seizing opportunities to promote


the development of petroleum processing sector
Le Manh Hung
Vietnam Oil and Gas Group
Email: hunglm@pvn.vn
Summary
In the current context of economic, political and social developments in the world and in Vietnam, new opportunities
and challenges are emerging, including those related to demand and supply of oil and gas, refining and petrochemical
products, energy structure, political conflicts and population issues in the world, etc. In order to successfully implement
the development strategy of the Vietnam Oil and Gas Group until 2025 and orientations towards 2035, it is necessary
to analyse and evaluate these opportunities and challenges for appropriate orientations and measures to promote the
development of the petroleum processing sector in the current context.
Key words: Development strategy, petroleum processing.

DU KH - S 1/2017

23

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

NGHIN CU CC TNH CHT LU BIN CA DU TH M BCH H


V M RNG VN CHUYN BNG NG NG NGM NGOI KHI
T Thnh Ngha1, Tng Cnh Sn1, Phm B Hin1
Nguyn Hoi V1, Phan c Tun1, Nguyn Thc Khng2
1
Lin doanh Vit - Nga Vietsovpetro
2
Hi Du kh Vit Nam
Email: vunh.pt@vietsov.com.vn

Tm tt

Du th khai thc ti cc m ca Lin doanh Vit - Nga Vietsovpetro (Vietsovpetro) c tnh cht l ha phc tp
vi nht, nhit ng c v hm lng paraffin cao. Vietsovpetro trin khai cc nghin cu ton din v c h
thng v cc c tnh ca du nhiu paraffin; ng thi xy dng thnh cng m hnh tnh cht lu bin c trng cho
du khai thc ti m Bch H v m Rng. Trn c s , Vietsovpetro tng bc pht trin v hon thin cng ngh
thu gom, x l v vn chuyn du th khai thc ti cc m an ton bng ng ng ngm, m bo hot ng khai thc
du kh lin tc v c hiu qu. Bi vit tp trung gii thiu kt qu nghin cu tnh cht lu bin du nhiu paraffin khai
thc ti cc m ca Vietsovpetro.
T kha: Du nhiu paraffin, tnh cht lu bin, vn chuyn du nhiu paraffin.
1. Gii thiu
Du th l mt dng cht lng, c thnh phn ch
yu l hydrocarbon. Trong paraffin l hydrocarbon
dng tinh th c trng lng phn t cao, mch di (C18
- C70). Ty theo hm lng paraffin, du th c chia
thnh cc loi khc nhau: du t paraffin, du paraffin v
du nhiu paraffin.
Du khai thc m Bch H v m Rng u l cc
loi du nhiu paraffin [1 - 3]. Hm lng paraffin trong
du ny thay i trong phm vi kh rng: thp nht l
14,1% v cao nht l 27%. c tnh th hin tnh cht,
thnh phn cc phn t ca paraffin rn trong du th l
nhit nng chy. i vi du cc m Bch H v m
Rng, nhit nng chy ca paraffin dao dng trong
khong 55 - 61oC, nhit bo ha paraffin trong du va
thay i t 49 - 56oC. Nhit ng c ca du thay i
mc 29 - 35oC. Qu trnh chuyn t trng thi Newton
sang phi-Newton ca du Bch H xy ra trong khong
nhit 36 - 40o. nhit thp hn, du biu hin tnh
cht phi-Newton v c gi tr ng sut trt rt ln, c th
t n vi trm Pa nhit 22 - 24o. Nghin cu ng
hc qu trnh sa lng paraffin [1] cho thy khong nhit
trn, du th m Bch H xy ra hin tng sa lng
paraffin v tp trung nhit 35 - 40o.
Cng tc nghin cu tnh cht lu bin ca du nhiu
paraffin c nht v nhit ng c cao m Bch
H v m Rng c thc hin ti Phng th nghim
ca Vin Nghin cu Khoa hc v Thit k Du kh bin,
Vietsovpetro nh thit b chuyn dng Rotovisco RV-20
hay RT-550 ca HAAKE (c). Thit b bao gm nht k

quay vi h o M-5, b iu khin lu bin, b n nhit,


phn mm Rotation Version 3.0 cho php iu khin
nhit , thay i vn tc bin dng, ghi nhn v x l cc
kt qu o.
2. Kt qu nghin cu
2.1. Tnh cht lu bin ca du th m Bch H v m
Rng tch kh
2.1.1. M hnh cht lng nht do Bingham
Cc c trng lu bin ca du nhiu paraffin c
nht v nhit ng c cao c xc nh nh nht k
Rotovisco RV-20 cho thy trng thi cht lng Newton
nht ca du ch ph thuc nhit v c biu din
bng hm s c dng sau:

DU KH - S 1/2017

(1)

Trong :
: nht ng hc, Pa.s;
o: H s, Pa.s;
u: H s ph thuc ca hm s ln (T) vi nhit o-1;
T: Nhit , o.
Khi nhit gim xung di nhit ti hn Tc du
biu hin tnh phi-Newton, ng cong chy trong phm
vi nhit ny nh m hnh cht lng nht do Bingham:

Trong :
: ng sut trt, P;
0: ng sut trt ng, P;

Ngy nhn bi: 4/5/2016. Ngy phn bin nh gi v sa cha: 4/5 - 20/7/2016. Ngy bi bo c duyt ng: 22/12/2016.

24

(2)

PETROVIETNAM

d: nht do, Pa.s;

s: ng sut trt tnh, Pa;

: Vn tc bin dng, s-1.

os: H s, Pa;

Quan h nht do - nhit ch dng


chy n nh c miu t bng hm ly tha c dng:

(3)

Trong :

u: H s gc ca hm ln(d) theo nhit , o-1.


ng sut trt ng i vi dng chy n nh
c mi ph thuc tng t:

(4)

Trong :
h: H s thc nghim, Pa;
: H s gc ca hm ln (o) theo nhit , o-1.
Gc ca ng cong chy so vi trc honh thay
i nhng nhit khc nhau, khi h s gc u
v u s thay i.
Nghin cu [3] cho thy trng thi cht lng
phi-Newton, du nhiu paraffin c tnh cht xc bin
l c trng bi h keo, biu hin qua cch sp xp
ti u ha li ton b cu trc theo thi gian. bn
vng ca cu trc tng ln v t n gii hn cn
bng. Trong qu trnh cng c cu trc, ng sut trt
tnh ca du s tng ln nhiu ln. Do , trng thi
tnh, du c th b ng c li trong ng ng. Thi
gian cn thit t n gii hn hnh thnh cu trc
vng chc ph thuc nhiu vo tnh cht ha l ca
du v nhng iu kin bn ngoi.
S thay i bn ca cu trc paraffin trong
du theo thi gian ch c th nghin cu bng thc
nghim theo thi gian thc, tt nht l trn ng
ng vn chuyn du thc t ngoi m. Tuy nhin, hu
ht cc trng hp khng th thc hin do tnh ri ro
cao. V vy, cc nghin cu bn vng ca cu trc
mng paraffin c thc hin trn m hnh thit b
phng th nghim Pipeline Restart Simulator Oilfield
Production Analysis.
Gi tr n nh ca ng sut trt tnh s v ng
sut trt ng ph thuc vo nhit c biu
din bng hm m:

Trong :

Sau khi x l ton hc, kt qu th nghim thu c cc


m hnh lu bin ca du m Bch H v Rng [1].
2.1.2. M hnh cht lng nht do khng tuyn tnh BulkleyHerschel

h : H s thc nghim, Pa.s;

us: H s gc ca hm ln(s) theo nhit , o-1.

(5)

Cc nghin cu v tnh cht lu bin du nhiu paraffin


trc y, c bit l du tng mng m Bch H v Rng
c gii thiu trong nghin cu [1] xc nh dng chy ca
du m Bch H v m Rng c miu t bng m hnh cht
lng Bingham. Tuy nhin, cc nghin cu sau ny [2] cn cho
thy du Oligocene khai thc khu vc pha Bc m Bch H
c s khc bit v ng cong chy. l ng cong chy
nhit thp hn 37o, khng tun theo m hnh Bingham
m tun theo m hnh nht do khng tuyn tnh, m hnh
Buckley-Herschel v c trnh by theo cng thc 6:

(6)

Trong :
: ng sut trt, P;
o: ng sut trt ng, P;
K: Tnh nht qun ca cht lng;
n: Ch s chy hoc h s bc c trng ca tnh phiNewton, (n < 1);
Bng 1. M hnh lu bin ca du th khai thc m Bch H
nht do, Pa.s
Nhit ln hn 37oC, T > 37oC Nhit thp hn 37oC, T 37oC
(T) = 0,0121 x e-0,017 x T
(T) = 1114 x e-0,32 x T
ng sut trt ng, Pa
Ti nhit 27oC < T 37oC
Ti nhit 21oC < T 27oC
9
-0,7 x T
0 (T) = 6,27 x 10 x e
0 (T) = 645,5 x e-0,16 x T
ng sut trt tnh, Pa
Ti nhit 30oC < T 37oC
Ti nhit 21oC < T 30oC
-0,83(36 x T)
s (T) = 0,08 x e
s (T) = 11,8 x e0,47(30 x T)
Bng 2. M hnh lu bin ca du th khai thc m Rng
nht do, Pa.s
Nhit ln hn 43oC, T > 43oC Nhit ln hn 36oC, T 43oC
(T) = 0,031 x e-0,026 x T
(T) = 2,32 x 104 e-0,34 x T
o
Ti nhit 27 C < T 36
Ti nhit 21oC < T 27
4
-0,34 x T
(T) = 2,32 x 10 x e
(T) = 26,8 x e-0,09 x T
ng sut trt ng, Pa
Ti nhit 25oC < T < 36oC
Ti nhit 21oC < T 25oC
6
-0,42 x T
0(T) = 1,02 x 10 x e
0 (T) = 5,17 x 103 x e-0,21 x T
ng sut trt tnh, Pa
Ti nhit 30oC < T 36oC
Ti nhit 21oC < T 30oC
s (T) = 0,05 x e-0,83(36 x T)
s (T) = 7,4 x e0,52(30 x T)
DU KH - S 1/2017

25

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

80

T (oC) 0(Pa)

70

24

15,54 2,16

0,67

26

9,60

1,05

0,57

28

1,39

0,74

0,48

30

0,05

0,35

0,14

Ghi ch
Gi tr v n c xc nh
bng my tnh t kt qu x l
s ph thuc ca ng sut lc
vo ng sut trt cc nhit
khc nhau

X l cc d liu thu c, cc tham s ca m hnh


lu bin c tnh ton v trnh by Bng 3.
Bng cch s dng phng php bnh phng ti
thiu thu c cc biu thc gii tch miu t s ph
thuc vo nhit ca cc tham s ca m hnh lu
bin (ni suy ca a thc bc hai):
= (0,29T 18,27T + 288,7);

(7a)

= (0,05T 2,70T + 41,35);

(7b)

n = (0,016T + 0,76T 8,53);

(7c)

Thay (7a), (7b) v (7c) vo cng thc (6), thu c:


= (0,29T 18,27T + 288,7)
+ (0,05T 2,70T + 41,35)

0,016T + 0,76T 8,53

(7d)

2.2. Tnh cht lu bin ca du nhiu paraffin bo ha kh


Tnh cht lu bin thng thng c xc nh trn
cc mu du tch kh. Trong khi , du khai thc
thc t ti m vi bo ha kh khc nhau c thu
gom, vn chuyn bng ng ng n cc trm x l.
V vy, vic nghin cu nh hng ca kh ha tan trong
du cc p sut khc nhau ln tnh cht lu bin ca
du s cho php nh gi mc ci thin tnh cht
lu bin v kh nng lu thng ca du trong ng
ng. Nghin cu phng th nghim v nh hng ca
kh n tnh cht lu bin ca du th th hin r nht
trng thi phi-Newton ca du [4]. Mc bo ha
kh cc p sut khc nhau c nh gi bng lng
kh ha tan hay th tch chnh lch lng kh tch ra
trong qu trnh tch t p sut bo ha gim n p
sut kh quyn v iu kin nhit lm vic ca bnh
tch (tc l nhit thc t trc khi du v kh i vo
ng ng ngm).
Lng kh ha tan trong du iu kin p sut
P v nhit T c xc nh bng hiu s lng kh
tch ra iu kin p sut kh quyn Po v nhit T
[GK(Po,T)] v lng kh tch ra iu kin p sut P v
nhit T (GK(P,T)):
G(P,T) = GK(Po,T) - GK(P,T)
26

DU KH - S 1/2017

(8)

T s kh
T s kh
T s kh
T s kh
T s kh

60
50

- du ( bo ha 800C) = 0m/m
- du ( bo ha 800C) = 17,8m/m
- du ( bo ha 800C) = 25,4m/m
- du ( bo ha 800C) = 37m/m
- du ( bo ha 800C) = 46,8m/m

40
30
20
10
0
20

22

24

26

28
30
Nhit , oC

32

34

36

Hnh 1. Tng quan nht ca du v nhit cc t s kh - du khc nhau ti 80oC


100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
20

T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 0m/m


T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 14,4m/m
T s kh - du (bo ha 60 0C) = 22,1m/m

nht ca du, mPa.s

nht cadu, mPa.s

Bng 3. Cc tham s lu bin ca du Oligocene khai thc pha Bc m Bch H

T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 34,3m/m


T s kh - du ( bo ha 600C) = 44,7m/m

22

24

26

28
30
Nhit , oC

32

34

36

Hnh 2. Tng quan nht ca du v nhit cc t s kh - du khc nhau ti 60oC

Trong :
P: p sut, Pa;
Po: p sut kh quyn, Pa;
T: Nhit , oC;
G(P, T): T s kh du, m3/m3;
GK(Po, T): Lng kh tch ra nhit T v p sut kh
quyn Po, m3/m3;
GK(P, T): Lng kh tch ra iu kin nhit T v p
sut P, m3/m3.
Kh bo ha c tc ng tch cc ln tnh cht lu bin
ca du nhiu paraffin. Vi s gia tng lng kh trong du,
nht do v ng sut trt ng ca du gim, c bit,
r nt trong khong nhit thp. Du nhiu paraffin lun
tn ti nhit ti hn Tc, ti xy ra qu trnh chuyn tip
ca du t trng thi cht lng Newton sang phi-Newton.
Kt qu nghin cu trn cho thy du nhiu paraffin theo
cc mc bo ha kh khc nhau c Tc gim so vi du
tch kh, c ngha l trng thi bo ha kh, kh nng vn
chuyn du nhiu paraffin c ci thin ng k, gim tn
hao p sut vn chuyn. Hnh 1 - 4 th hin nht ca du
th m Bch H ph thuc nhit nhng iu kin bo
ha kh khc nhau.

PETROVIETNAM

thnh nhit 35 - 36oC. Nhng nu hm lng


nc trong du vt qu 15% th qu trnh li bt
u nhit cao hn, t 40 - 45oC [2].

14
T s kh - du ( bo ha 800C) = 0 m/m
T s kh - du ( bo ha 800C) = 17,8 m/m

ng sut trt ng, Pa

12

T s kh - du ( bo ha 800C) = 25,4 m/m

10

T s kh - du ( bo ha 800C) = 37 m/m
T s kh - du ( bo ha 800C) = 46,8 m/m

8
6
4
2
0

20

22

24

26
28
Nhit , o C

30

32

ng sut trt ng, Pa

Hnh 3. Tng quan ng sut trt ng v nhit cc t s kh - du khc nhau ti 80oC


20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
20

T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 0m/m


T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 14,4m/m
T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 22,1m/m
T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 34,3m/m
T s kh - du (bo ha 600C) = 44,7m/m

22

24

26
Nhit , oC

28

30

32

Hnh 4. Tng quan ng sut trt ng v nhit cc t s kh - du khc nhau ti 60oC

Trn c s kt qu nghin cu mi tng quan gia


nht do, ng sut trt ng ca du m Bch H vi nhit
cc mc bo ha kh khc nhau, c th thit lp cng thc
tng qut xc nh tnh cht lu bin ca du cc mc
bo ha kh. Kt qu nghin cu cho thy p sut bo ha hp
l vn chuyn du bo ha kh m Bch H l 20at. Do ,
c th iu chnh cc ch vn chuyn du bo ha kh t
cc gin nh (BK) n cc im x l tp trung, nh gin c
nh (MSP) v gin cng ngh trung tm (CPP). Kt qu nghin
cu tnh cht lu bin du bo ha kh m Bch H cng cho
thy kh nng vt tri tnh lu chuyn ca du bo ha kh
so vi du tch kh. Kt qu ny cho php xut gii php
vn chuyn hn hp du v kh bng ng ng ngm ngoi
khi iu kin nhit cht lng trong ng ng thp hn
nhit ng c ca du.
2.3. Tnh cht lu bin ca nh tng du v nc
S xut hin ca nc trong du s lm cho tnh cht lu
bin ca du xu i. Khi hm lng nc trong du tng, cc
tnh cht l ha ca hn hp cng thay i phc tp hn. i
vi du kh (khng c nc) khai thc t tng mng ca cc
m Vietsovpetro, cu trc mng tinh th paraffin bt u hnh

Vietsovpetro nghin cu v cc tnh cht lu


bin ca du khng c nc. Tuy nhin, cc d liu v
tnh cht lu bin ca nh tng du nc li cha
c quan tm ng mc. Mc ch ca cc nghin
cu th nghim tnh cht lu bin ca nh tng du
nc l xc nh nh hng ca hm lng nc ln
cc tnh cht lu bin ca nh tng cc nhit
khc nhau v xc nh im chuyn pha.
Nh tng c hnh thnh khi khuy trn cc
cht lng khng ha tan, l cc h khng n nh
nhit ng, lun c xu hng kt dnh lm gim
lc cng b mt cc pha v cui cng l phn lp. V
nh tng du nc l cc h khng bn, do
thu c cc kt qu chnh xc trong thi gian o th
cc tnh cht ca chng khng c thay i.
Cc nghin cu c thc hin trn du khng
c nc v nh tng du - nc vi hm lng
nc tng dn t 10 - 80%. Hm lng nc trong
nh tng nghin cu tng dn ti hm lng cao
cho php xc nh ti u mi quan h tnh cht lu
bin ca h nh tng du - nc trc v sau thi
im chuyn pha (khong 60 - 75%). Cc loi nh
tng thun du trong nc v nghch nc trong
du c s dng cho cc nghin cu tip theo nh
b o lu bin.
Kt qu nghin cu [2] cho thy, khi hm lng
nc trong du vt qu 15%, nht v ng sut
trt ng ca nh tng du - nc bt u tng.
din t s ph thuc gia hm lng nc v
cc tnh cht lu bin ca du, nhiu nh khoa hc
a ra tng quan tng qut gia nht hiu
dng v hm lng nc trong du. Mc d vy, kt
qu t c ch c tnh cht tng i v p dng
c th cho tng loi du. Cc nghin cu c tin
hnh trn mu nh tng du - nc th nghim,
m phng ti a theo iu kin thc t ngoi m.
Du ly t cc ging ca tng mng m Bch H
c khuy trn cng nc va nh my khuy v
sau c gia nhit nhit 65oC. Sau khi to
c mu nh nh yu cu, vic xc nh cc thng
s lu bin c thc hin trn nht k Rotovisco
RV-20.
Nghin cu cc tnh cht lu bin ca du khng
ngm nc ca m Bch H cho thy, cc tnh cht
DU KH - S 1/2017

27

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

ca du thay i mnh v c cc tnh cht ca cht lng phiNewton trong khong nhit thp hn 37o, t 37oC tr ln
l cht lng Newton. Tng t, s ph thuc nht hiu
dng ca nh tng theo hm lng nc c trnh by
theo 2 khong nhit 37o v < 37o cho php xc
nh s biu hin tnh phi-Newton.

vn chuyn du c hm lng nc ln hn 68% s


to iu kin cho pha nc tip xc vi b mt ca
ng ng v dn n nguy c n mn. Nu ngc
li s trnh c hin tng ny, nhng tn hao p
sut bm du li ln.
Khi lng kh ha tan trong du cng tng, nht
v ng sut trt ng cng gim [4], s to iu kin
cho cc ht nc linh ng hn, c c hi xch li gn
nhau, kt hp vi nhau v lng nhanh hn.

Bng 4 v Hnh 5 cho thy hm lng nc trong du


cng tng th nht do v ng sut trt ng ca nh
cng ln, nh vy kh nng lu chuyn ca du trong ng
ng cng kh khn. Bn cnh , s xut hin nc trong
du cn dn n hin tng n mn kim loi do nc tip
xc vi b mt bn trong ng ng. Kt qu nghin cu
trn cho php xc nh im chuyn pha ca nh tng
du - nc.

Vic to ra v nghin cu cc mu nh tng du nc - kh, th nghim m phng iu kin thc t khai


thc ngoi m trong mt s trng hp gp rt nhiu
kh khn do iu kin to mu, thit b th nghim...
Cc yu t u nh hng n chnh xc ca
kt qu nghin cu v c th dn n sai s kh ln.
nh hng ng thi ca kh ha tan v nc n cc
thng s lu bin ca du nhiu paraffin m Bch H
v Rng rt phc tp, gn nh cha c cng trnh no
cng b v vn ny.

Khi hm lng nc trong du vt qu 68%, nht


v ng sut trt ng ca nh tng du - nc gim t
ngt, chng t nh tng dng nghch nc trong du
chuyn sang nh tng dng thun du trong nc.

nht do, mPa.s

Kt qu nghin cu nh hng ca nc n cc c
tnh cht lu bin ca du m Bch H cho php iu chnh
hp l qu trnh vn chuyn du bng ng ng. V d,

2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0

10

20

30
40
50
60
Hm lng nc, %

70

80

Bng 5 l mt s kt qu nghin cu ban u v


nh hng ng thi ca hm lng nc v kh bo
ha n tnh cht lu bin ca du th.
Cc kt qu nghin cu cho thy vn chuyn
nh tng du - nc ti trng thi nh tng thun
(hm lng nc trn 68%) s cho php gim
nht ca cht lng, ng thi lm tng tnh t ca
pha nc trn b mt thnh ng, gim thiu kh
nng tch t paraffin trn b mt thnh ng. Nhn
nh ny cho php p dng cng ngh bm b sung
nc vo ng ng vn chuyn du trng thi
nh tng thun ti u kh nng vn chuyn du
nhiu paraffin m Bch H v Rng trong ng
ng.

90

Hnh 5. Mi tng quan gia nht do du tng mng v hm lng nc

Bng 4. Tnh cht lu bin ca nh tng du - nc


Nhit (oC)

nht do ca du cc hm lng nc khc nhau (mPa.s)

50

0%
5,0

10%
7

30%
11

40

5,4

18

35

11

71

54

40%
22

60%
52

68%
57

73%
55

82%
53

32

142

253

197

156

180

450

671

617

283

30

127

325

323

575

881

1.111

1.213

491

26

481

725

1.120

1.482

1.635

1.782

1.563

616

40

0,2

0,4

0,7

1,8

2,6

2,3

1,2

35

2,3

3,4

3,5

4,2

5,7

4,5

1,5

30

4,2

9,8

5,8

6,6

9,0

9,2

7,5

6,2

26

16,6

18,1

25,0

26,7

33,1

35,6

14,2

8,4

ng sut trt ng (Pa)

28

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

Bng 5. nht do ca du th m Bch H bo ha kh cc iu kin khc nhau

40
35
30
28
26
24
22
40
35
30
28
26
24
22

nht do ca du m Bch H bo ha kh cc iu kin khc nhau, mPa.s


44,7m3/m3 (t s kh du)
65,5m3/m3 (t s kh du)
11% (nc)
21% (nc)
28% (nc)
21% (nc)
16
14
20
20
19
19
33
27
64
76
93
48
87
86
123
54
103
119
192
76
123
148
226
106
137
189
250
163
ng sut trt, Pa
0,5
0,8
0,7
0,7
1,25
2,0
3,0
2,1
4,8
6,0
4,9
4,6
5,0
6,3
5,2
5,2
5,1
6,8
7,1
5,6
5,3
7,5
7,8
6,0
6,6
9,0
8,8
7,04

3. Nghin cu tnh cht lu bin ca du nhiu


paraffin sau khi x l gia nhit, kt hp vi x l
bng ha phm gim nhit ng c (PPD) v
ha trn vi condensate
3.1. Tnh cht lu bin ca du nhiu paraffin sau khi
x l gia nhit
Qu trnh x l gia nhit c thc hin nh sau:
du c nung nng n nhit cao hn nhit
nng chy paraffin khong 10oC, sau lm lnh trong
iu kin ph hp cu trc tinh th paraffin to
thnh c bn thp nht. bn ph thuc vo
nhit nung du, iu kin lm lnh (ng v tnh)
v hm lng paraffin rn, nha, keo c trong du [5].
Mi loi du c nhit x l ti u. Khi nung du cha
n nhit ti u th nht ca du khng gim, m
trong nhiu trng hp c th cn tng ln.
Kt qu nghin cu khng nh tnh cht lu bin
ca du sau khi x l nhit thng khng n nh v s
xu dn theo thi gian. Gia nhit du li thp hn nhit
ti u, lm gim ng k hiu qu x l trc .
Nh vy, nn x l du bng cch gia nhit n hoc
cao hn nhit x l ti u.

N hit ng c, oC

Nhit , oC

36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26

40

50

60
70
Nhit x l du, o C

80

90

Hnh 6. Mi tng quan gia nhit x l du v nhit ng c ca du


sau khi x l nhit ti cc nhit khc nhau

cho du cao hn 65oC s lm nhit ng c ca du


gim ng k; nhit x l du ca Vietsovpetro ti u
nht l t 75oC tr ln (nhit ng c ca du sau x
l s thp nht).
Hnh 6 th hin s ph thuc nhit ng c ca du
th m Bch H vo nhit gia nhit khc nhau. Kt qu
cho thy, nu nhit x l ca du mc ln hn 75 - 80oC,
th nhit ng c ca du s n nh.
C th la chn phng n u t thit b gia nhit du
ph hp vi chi ph sn xut ti u ty theo khong cch,
phng php vn chuyn du.

Gii php x l gia nhit trn thc t lun i hi


vn u t v chi ph sn xut ln do phi lp t v duy
tr khi lng ln l nung, my lm lnh.

3.2. Tnh cht lu bin ca du nhiu paraffin sau x l gia


nhit kt hp vi x l bng ha phm h nhit ng c

Kt qu nghin cu phng php x l gia nhit


cho du paraffin m Bch H vn chuyn cho thy:
gia nhit cho du n 45oC s lm tnh cht lu bin
ca du xu i (nhit ng c cao nht); gia nhit

Ha phm gim nhit ng c c s dng


lm gim nhit ng c v ci thin tnh cht lu bin
ca du th (gim nht, ng sut trt ng) [5, 6].
Cc cht h im ng khng lm gim nht ca du
DU KH - S 1/2017

29

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

Bng 6. nh hng ca ha phm n nhit ng c ca du th m Rng


TT

Ha phm

1
2
3
4

Chemical 1
Chemical 2
Chemical 3
Chemical 4

nh lng ha phm
(ml/m3)
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

Nhit ng c cc nhit x l (oC)


45
65
80
28
25 - 26
24
25 - 28
24
23
25 - 27
22
18 - 22
25 - 26
26
23 - 25

Hnh 7. nht ca du th m Rng khng x l v x l ha phm

Hnh 8. nht ca du th m Bch H khng x l v x l ha phm


90
Du RP-3 khng condensate

80

Du RP-3 vi 5% condensate

nht, mPa.s

70

Du RP-3 vi 10% condensate

60
50
40
30
20
10
0

Hnh 9. Tc lng ng paraffin ca du m Rng khi khng x l


v x l ha phm gim nhit ng c

nhit cao, m tc dng ch th hin r iu kin


nhit thp khi xy ra qu trnh hnh thnh cu trc
paraffin.
Hiu qu ca phng php x l du ph thuc vo
tnh cht ha l ca du v iu kin x l. Ha phm
gim nhit ng c thng c bm vo du vi
nh lng 500 - 2.000ppm (dng thng phm) iu
kin nhit m ti paraffin trng thi ha tan.
Ha phm gim nhit ng c tng cng, cng c
v duy tr lu di hiu qu x l nhit ca du. Hiu qu
ca ha phm gim nhit ng c ph thuc rt ln
vo thnh phn v tnh cht ca du th. Khng c loi
ha phm gim nhit ng c no chung cho cc
loi du.
30

DU KH - S 1/2017

20

22

24

26

28
30
Nhit , oC

32

34

36

Hnh 10. nht ca hn hp du vi condensate ti cc nhit khc nhau

m bo kh nng khai thc v vn chuyn


du nhiu paraffin bng ng ng ngm ngoi khi,
cn phi m bo du th lun trng thi lng, hoc
gim nht ca du n mc ti thiu. C nhiu
phng php gim ti a nhit ng c v
nht nh: duy tr du nhit cao hn nhit kt
tinh paraffin, hoc x l du. Cc th nghim v kinh
nghim khai thc du ngoi khi cho thy phng
php hiu qu l s dng ha phm gim nhit
ng c x l du th, gim nht v quan trng
l gim lng ng paraffin trong qu trnh khai thc v
vn chuyn bng ng ng [6]. Bng 6 trnh by mt
s kt qu nghin cu trong phng th nghim v tc
dng ca ha phm gim nhit ng c n nhit

PETROVIETNAM

ng c ca du th khai thc ti m Rng x l


ti nhit 65oC.
Trn c s kt qu nghin cu nhit ng c
ca du th, cc loi ha phm c kh nng gim nhit
ng c hiu qu nht s c la chn tip tc
nghin cu mc nh hng n nht v tc
lng ng paraffin. Kt qu Bng 6 cho thy, ha phm
Chemical 1 v Chemical 2 c hiu qu lm gim nhit
ng c ca du th m Rng nht (n 18 - 22oC).
Kt qu nghin cu nh hng ca mt s ha phm
c kh nng gim nhit ng c nhiu nht n
nht v tc lng ng paraffin ca du th m Rng v
Bch H c trnh by Hnh 7 - 9.
Nu s dng ha phm gim nhit ng c x
l du th, th nht do vng nhit thp 22 - 28oC
ca du m Rng gim i khong 10 - 15 ln v 5 - 8 ln
i vi du m Bch H so vi du khng x l ha phm.
Nghin cu bng phng php ngn tay lnh, lng ng
paraffin cng gim i khong 45 - 52% i vi du x
l ha phm.
3.3. Tnh cht lu bin ca hn hp du nhiu paraffin
vi condensate
nghin cu kh nng vn chuyn du nhiu
paraffin t m Rng sang m Bch H [6], Vietsovpetro
thc hin cc nghin cu v tnh cht lu bin ca hn
hp du m Rng vi condensate thu c m Bch H
v m Rng vi cc t l khc nhau.
Kt qu nghin cu cho thy nu b sung 5%
condensate vo du khai thc t m Rng, th nhit
ng c s gim t 21oC xung cn 18oC, cn nu b
sung 10% condensate th nhit ng c ch cn 16
- 17oC. Tnh linh ng ca du th tng ln gp gn 3 ln
nu b sung 5% condensate v tng gp 8 - 9 ln nu b
sung 10% condensate. Nh vy, m bo kh nng vn
chuyn an ton du t m Rng sang m Bch H, cn b
sung lng condensate 5%.
4. Kt lun
c trng ca du khai thc ti cc m ca
Vietsovpetro ni ring v ca b Cu Long ni chung l
du c hm lng paraffin cao (19 - 27%), nhit ng
c (29 - 36oC). T nhit 37 - 40oC tr ln, du biu hin
tnh cht ca cht lng Newton v nhit thp hn
du biu hin tnh cht ca cht lng phi-Newton.
trng thi cht lng phi-Newton, tnh cht lu
bin ca du khai thc ti m Bch H v m Rng c

din t bng 2 m hnh chnh: m hnh Bingham v m


hnh Bulkley-Herschel. Kt qu s cho php thc hin cc
nghin cu su hn v nhit - thy ng lc v xy dng
cc m hnh nhit thy lc tiu biu cho dng chy cht
lu trong ng ng ngm ngoi khi ti cc m ca
Vietsovpetro.
Du bo ha kh c tnh cht lu bin vt tri so vi
du tch kh, lm c s Vietsovpetro thc hin gii
php vn chuyn du trong iu kin nhit du thp
hn nhit ng c.
Khi hm lng nc trong du tng n 68 - 70%,
nht ca du s gim, y l ch du im chuyn pha
trong h nh tng du - nc m Bch H v m Rng
t nh tng nghch sang nh tng thun.
Nhit x l du ti u nht cho du khai thc t cc
m ca Vietsovpetro l t 75oC tr ln. Tnh cht lu bin
ca du s tt ln v n nh hn khi kt hp x l nhit
vi s dng PPD ng loi v ng nh lng.
Cc kt qu nghin cu tnh cht lu bin du th
nhiu paraffin ti cc m Bch H v m Rng gip
Vietsovpetro hon thin v pht trin cng ngh thu gom
x l vn chuyn du vn chuyn cc sn phm ca
ging khoan bng ng ng ngm ngoi khi, gp phn
nng cao hiu qu vn hnh cc m Bch H, m Rng v
cc m kt ni.
Ti liu tham kho
1. Phng nh Thc. Nghin cu hon thin cng
ngh x l v vn chuyn du nhiu paraffin, nht cao
trong khai thc du kh ti thm lc a pha Nam Vit Nam.
Lun n, i hc M - a cht, H Ni. 1996.
2. Nguyn Thc Khng. Pht trin cng ngh vn
chuyn du loi tr s phn lp nh tng vi mc ch
nng cao tin cy trong vn hnh ng ng dn du trn
thm lc a Vit Nam. Lun n, i hc Tng hp Du kh
Quc gia Ufa, Lin bang Nga. 1999.
3. Phung Dinh Thuc, Ha Van Bich, Tong Canh Son,
V.P.Vugovskoi, Le Dinh Hoe. A new approach to study on
thixotropic properties of waxy crude oils from Dragon and
White Tiger fields offshore Vietnam. SPE Asia Pacific Oil and
Gas Conference and Exhibition, Jakarta, Indonesia. 20 - 22
April, 1999.
4. Nguyn Thc Khng, H Vn Bch, Tng Cnh Sn.
nh hng ca mc bo ha kh n tnh lu bin ca
du th tng mng m Bch H v Rng. Tp ch Du kh.
1999; 1: trang 34 - 40.
DU KH - S 1/2017

31

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

5. Tng Cnh Sn. Vn s dng ha phm trong khai


thc v vn chuyn du kh cc m ca XNLD Vietsovpetro.
Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Khoa hc Cng ngh "30 nm
Du kh Vit Nam. Tng cng ty Du kh Vit Nam. 2005; 2:
trang 152 - 159.

6. T Thnh Ngha, Nguyn Thc Khng, Trn Vn


Vnh, Phm B Hin, Trn Vn Thng, Tng Cnh Sn,
Nguyn Hoi V, Phan c Tun. Vietsovpetro: Pht trin
cc gii php cng ngh trong x l v vn chuyn du nhiu
paraffin. Tp ch Khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam. 2015:
trang 28 - 31.

Research on rheological properties of crude oil from Bach Ho


and Rong oil fields for transportation in submarine pipelines
Tu Thanh Nghia1, Tong Canh Son1, Pham Ba Hien1
Nguyen Hoai Vu1, Phan Duc Tuan1, Nguyen Thuc Khang2
1
Vietsovpetro
2
Vietnam Petroleum Association
Email: vunh.pt@vietsov.com.vn
Summary
Oil produced from the oil fields of Vietsovpetro Joint Venture has complex physical and chemical properties with high
viscosity, high pour point and high paraffin content. Many comprehensive researches have been systematically conducted
by Vietsovpetros scientists and engineers to study the characteristics of paraffinic oil and successfully build a rheological
property model for oil produced from Bach Ho and Rong oil fields. Based on the results of these researches, Vietsovpetro
has step by step developed its own technology for gathering, treatment and safe transportation of crude oil produced at
its oil fields through submarine pipelines, ensuring constant and efficient production of oil and gas. This article focuses on
summarising the results of the rheological research on paraffinic oil from Vietsovpetros oil fields.
Key words: Paraffinic oil, rheological properties paraffinic oil transportation.

32

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

D BO TNH TRNG NGP NC CA CC GING KHAI THC M


LAN TY TRN C S NG DNG NGUYN L CN BNG VT CHT
V Mnh Ho, L V Qun
V c ng, Phm Hng Sn
Vin Du kh Vit Nam
Email: haovm@vpi.pvn.vn

Tm tt

M Lan Ty (thuc L 06-1, b Nam Cn Sn) c din tch khong 950km2, c a vo khai thc t cui nm 2002.
Tnh n ht thng 12/2016, m Lan Ty khai thc c 47,53 t m3 kh (chim 95,06% tng tr lng kh c th thu
hi), 18,71 triu thng condensate (chim 94% tng tr lng condensate c th thu hi). n nay, m Lan Ty cha xy
ra hin tng ngp nc ti cc ging khai thc, tuy nhin vic d bo thi im ngp nc c ngha quan trng trong
chin lc qun l v khai thc m. Bi bo phn tch v d bo hin tng ngp nc ca cc ging khai thc m Lan
Ty, t xut phng n khai thc m hiu qu.
T kha: M Lan Ty, tnh trng ngp nc.

2.1. D bo c ch nng lng va


ng thi p sut va ca m Lan Ty kh tt. T nm 2002 2011, p sut ch gim 530psia (t 2.779psia gim cn 2.250psia) tt
hn nhiu so vi ng suy gim p sut theo FDP. Theo xu hng
suy gim p sut hin nay (Hnh 1) th khi tng sn lng khai thc
t n tr lng thu hi 1,78 nghn t ft3, p sut va suy gim cn
1.900psia ti 1.555mTVDss.
i vi va kh condensate, c ch nng lng va c th c
xc nh qua mi tng quan gia p sut va (hay t s P/z) v sn
lng khai thc kh - condensate cng dn (Gp) [4].
T s nc - kh (thng/triu ft3)
Hm lng chloride trong nc khai thc (ppm)

Lu lng kh khai thc (triu ft3/ngy)


Gii hn cho php ca hm lng Chloride trong nc sch

650
600
550
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0

5
4
3
2
1
0

T s nc - kh (thng/triu ft3 tiu chun)

Lng nc khai thc ca m Lan Ty l


lng nc trong kh ngng t li, do vy hm
lng mui trong nc khai thc kh thp,
trung bnh 80 - 110ppm. T thng 5/2015 n
nay, hm lng mui trong nc khai thc ca
m c thi im mc kh cao (> 3.000ppm)
vt ngng cho php (150ppm) khi c s
tham gia khai thc vi lu lng cao ca cc
ging 5P v 6P (2 ging c khong m va su
nht) (Hnh 1). S tng hm lng mui trong
nc khai thc c th d bo ranh gii kh nc ang dn tim cn ti khong m va ca
cc ging ny. Hin ti t s nc - kh ca m
Lan Ty l 1,78 thng/triu ft3 tiu chun.

2. D bo c ch nng lng va v nh gi kh nng ngp nc


m Lan Ty

11/2002
5/2003
12/2003
6/2004
1/2005
7/2005
2/2006
9/2006
3/2007
10/2007
4/2008
11/2008
5/2009
12/2009
7/2010
1/2011
8/2011
2/2012
9/2012
3/2013
10/2013
5/2014
11/2014
6/2015
12/2015

M Lan Ty c a vo khai thc t cui


nm 2002. Sau khi a ln lt 5 ging (1P,
2P, 3P, 5P v 6P) vo khai thc, sn lng khai
thc ca m Lan Ty trong nm 2004 t 2,58
t m3 (0,091 nghn t ft3) kh v 0,7 triu thng
condensate. Trong giai on 2005 - 2013, sn
lng khai thc kh t trn 3,5 t m3/nm (0,12
nghn t ft3), sn lng condensate trn 0,6
triu thng/nm. T nm 2014, k hoch sn
lng khai thc kh ca m Lan Ty c iu
chnh gim so vi cc nm trc v ln lt
mc l 2,7 t m3 (2014) v 2,5 t m3 (2015), 1,8
t m3 (2016). Tnh n ht thng 12/2016, tng
sn lng khai thc ca m Lan Ty l 47,53 t
m3 kh v 18,71 triu thng condensate [1].

Trong bi bo ny, nhm tc gi phn tch v d bo kh nng


xy ra hin tng ngp nc ca cc ging khai thc trn c s p
dng nguyn l cn bng vt cht, t xut gii php nhm ko
di thi gian khai thc m.

Hm lng chloride (ppm)


Sn lng kh hng thng (triu ft3 tiu chun/ngy)

1. Gii thiu

Hnh 1. Hm lng chloride trong nc khai thc v t s nc - kh m Lan Ty [2]

Ngy nhn bi: 8/7/2016. Ngy phn bin nh gi v sa cha: 11/7 - 14/7/2016. Ngy bi bo c duyt ng: 22/12/2016.
DU KH - S 1/2017

33

p sut va ti 1555m TVDss (psia)

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

2800
2750
2700
2650
2600
2550
2500
2450
2400
2350
2300
2250
2200
2150
2100
2050
2000
1950
1900

Jun-04 Apr-05 Sep-05


Feb-06

Aug-06

FDP
p sut LT-2X
p sut LT-P3, 6/2007
p sut LT-P6
p sut P1, 9/2011
p sut LT-2X
p sut P2, 9/2011,
p sut P5, 9/2011
p sut o, 2013

Jun-07
Jan-08
Mar-08

FDP Prediction

lng kh - condensate cng dn l khng


tuyn tnh v s suy gim p sut va trong
qu trnh khai thc nh hn so vi trng
hp khai thc bng c ch nng lng t
nhin khng c vng nc h tr (Hnh 3).

LT-P3 PBU
May-12
LT-2X DHG
Aug-13

P1, P2, P5 PBU


Sept 2011
p sut o, 2013

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 111213141516171819 20212223 2424 25 26272829303132 3334353637 38

Sn lng kh cng dn (T m3)

T kt qu o p sut, vic xy dng


ng cong P/z (Hnh 4) cho thy cc ging
ca m Lan Ty c nc y h tr nh
cp trong bo co FDP vi th tch
aquifer l 220 t thng.
3.2. nh gi kh nng ngp nc

Hnh 2. Hin trng p sut va v sn lng kh cng dn [3]

M Lan Ty ang c khai thc vi


lu lng n nh, cha xy ra hin tng
nc xm nhp ti cc ging khai thc.
Tuy nhin, do c th m c vng nc
y ln nn c th gy ra hin tng ngp
nc. V vy, vic phn tch v d bo kh
nng ngp nc c bin php x l kp
thi nhm nng cao hiu qu khai thc l
rt cn thit.

Hnh 3. Quan h gia P/z v Gp i vi m kh trong trng hp va khai thc vi tng nc y v va th tch

g -Bgi)+

P/Z ti 1555 mTVDss

3500

gi

+We = GpBg+BwWp (1)

3000

Trong :

2500

G: Tr lng kh v condensate ti ch;

2000

Bg: H s th tch ca kh;

1500

Bgi: H s th tch ca kh ban u;

1000

Bw: H s th tch ca nc;

500

Cw: H s nn ca nc;

0
0

0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8

1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8

2,2 2,4 2,6

Sn lng kh v condensate cng dn (nghn t ft3)

Hnh 4. Quan h gia P/z vi sn lng khai thc kh v condensate cng dn m Lan Ty

i vi va khai thc bng c ch nng lng t nhin khng c


vng nc h tr (aquifer) th mi quan h gia p sut va vi sn lng
khai thc kh - condensate cng dn l tuyn tnh v c th hin nh
phng trnh sau:

=-

i vi va c nc h tr th mi quan h gia p sut va vi sn


34

xc nh v tr ranh gii kh - nc
trong qu trnh khai thc v ti thi im
kt thc khai thc m c thc hin thng
qua vic tnh ton lng nc xm nhp
vo va, da trn phng trnh cn bng vt
cht [4]:

DU KH - S 1/2017

Cf: H s nn ca t ;
Swi: bo ha nc ban u;
We: Lng nc xm nhp;
Wp: Lng nc khai thc.
3.2.1. Tnh ton ranh gii kh - nc
Tnh n ngy 31/5/2016, sn lng
khai thc cng dn ca m Lan Ty t
1.650 t ft3 kh ( khai thc c 91% tr

PETROVIETNAM

- Lng nc quy i c tnh theo cng thc:

lng thu hi) v 18,5 triu thng condensate ( khai thc


c 92% tr lng thu hi) [1]. Lng nc khai thc cng
dn: 1,63 triu thng. Mc suy gim p sut va theo sn
lng khai thc cng dn c th hin Hnh 2. Da theo
mi quan h ny c th c tnh p sut va trong thng
5/2016 l khong 1.950psia ti 1.555mTVDss v 1.964psia ti
1.630mTVDss.

- Lng condensate quy i theo cng thc (2)


v (3) l 13,1 t ft3

Cc thng s, tnh cht cht lu v va cha c trnh by


Bng 1 [5].

- Lng nc khai thc quy i theo cng thc


(4) l 12,1 t ft3

Sn lng condensate v nc khai thc quy i c tnh


theo cc cng thc sau [4]:

Do vy, tng sn lng kh khai thc gm nc


v condensate quy i, Gp = 1.670 t ft3.

- Lng condensate quy i c tnh theo cng thc:


GE = V =

nRT sc

350,5 (10,73)(520)

133,000

(14,7)

(2)

Trong :
Mwo

42,43 0
5954
API 8,811 1,008

nRTsc
psc

350,5 1,00 10,73 520


18 14,7

(4)

7390 ft3 tiu chun/thng

Lng nc xm nhp vo va (We) c xc


nh theo phng trnh cn bng vt cht (cng thc
(1)) l 1.500 triu thng (238,5 triu m3).
Nh vy th tch khung (BRV) cn li l:

(3)

Bng 1. c im cht lu v va cha


Tr lng kh ti ch (t ft3)
2.370
Tr lng condensate ti ch (triu thng)
27,3
Bg (cuft/SCF)
0,007274302
Bgi (cuft/SCF)
0,006063914
Cw (psi-1)
3,46 10-6
Swi
0,05
Cf (psi-1)
6,30 10-6
rng cha , (%)
31
Th tch khung ban u (BRV ban u) triu m3
1518
Bw, rb/stb
1,03
T s nc - kh trung bnh (WGR), thng/triu ft3
0,98
tiu chun
bo ha kh d
0,3
H s nn hin ti z
0,87
p sut va ti 1.555m TVDss (psia)
1.950
Nhit va (oF)
205
p sut va ban u ti 1.600m TVDss (psia)
2.795
H s nn ban u Z i
0,903
Gradient p sut (psi/ft)
0,0422

BRV = BRV ban u - [We/ (1-Swi-Sgr)]


= 334 triu m3.
Do ranh gii kh - nc tnh n thng 5/2016
c xc nh theo Hnh 5 l 1.622mTVDss.
3.2.2. Tnh ton ranh gii kh - nc ti thi im d kin
kt thc khai thc m khi sn lng khai thc kh cng
dn Gp = 1,78 nghn t ft3
M Lan Ty c d bo khai thc vi tr lng
kh thu hi l 1,78 nghn t ft3 v tr lng condensate
thu hi l 19,9 triu thng. p sut va trung bnh
ti thi im khai thc ht tr lng kh c th thu
hi c xc nh l 1.870psia ti 1.550mTVDss v
1.884psia ti 1.630mTVDss.
- Tr lng kh thu hi: 1,78 nghn t ft3
- Lng nc khai thc cng dn: 1,74 triu thng
- Tr lng condensate thu hi: 19,9 triu thng
- Tr lng condensate quy i l: 14,06 t ft3

Ranh gii kh nc

1500
1550
Chiu su (mTVDss)

- Lng nc khai thc quy i theo l: 12,9 t ft3

GWC ti thi im
kt thc khai thc

Do vy, tng lng kh khai thc bao gm nc


v condensate quy i, Gp = 1,81 nghn t ft3.

GWC ti 5/2016

1600

1603
1622

GWC ban u
FDP
2008

1650
1671

Lng nc xm nhp c tnh ton theo


phng trnh cn bng vt cht l 1.655 triu thng
(263 triu m3).

FDP 2001

1700
1750

212 334

1518

500

BRV (mmcm)

1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

Hnh 5. Xc nh ranh gii kh - nc theo BRV [5, 6]

Th tch khung cn li c tnh theo cng


thc:
BRV = BRV ban u - [We/ (1- Swi - Sgr)]
= 212 triu m3
DU KH - S 1/2017

35

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

Bng 2. Kt qu tnh ton lng nc xm nhp vo va theo sn lng khai thc kh v condensate cng dn

Nc xm nhp (triu thng)

Sn lng kh v condensate cng dn


(t ft3)
457,86
488,19
527,04
549,48
1.111,47
1.313,91
1.673,23
1.806,92

Lng nc xm nhp vo va
(triu thng)
348,57
369,71
396,46
420,74
925,66
1.155,01
1.499,99
1.655,38

2500

Thi im kt
thc khai thc d
kin

2000
1500

Thi im bt
u ngp nc

1000
500
0
0

200

400

600

800

1000 1200 1400


Gp (t ft3)

1600

1800 2000

Hnh 6. D bo lng nc xm nhp trong qu trnh khai thc


Bng 3. D bo ranh gii kh - nc
su y ging khai thc
su ranh gii kh - nc GWC
Chiu
(mTVDss)
(mTVDss)
su
Ti thi im
Ban Thng
(mTVDss) LT-1P LT-2P LT-3P LT-5P LT-6P
Gp = 1,78 nghn
u 5/2016
t ft3
1.560
1.570
1.576
1.580 1.581
1.590
1.591
1.600
1.607
1.603
1.610
1.612
1.620
1.630
1.622
1.640
1.650
1.660
1.670
1.671
1.680
Bng 4. D bo thi gian bt u ngp nc cc ging m Lan Ty
Th tch
khung
Tn Chiu su ti chiu
ging (mTVDss) su y
ging
(triu m3)
1P
1.581
105
2P
1.576
100
3P
1.591
140
5P
1.612
280
6P
1.607
250

36

DU KH - S 1/2017

Th tch nc xm
nhp ti thi im Sn lng
Thi gian bt
bt u ngp nc khai thc
u ngp nc
cng dn
d kin
Triu
Gp (t ft3)
Triu m3
thng
285
286
278
249
256

1.791
1.797
1.746
1.569
1.607

1.949
1.955
1.907
1.736
1.773

Thng 7/2020
Thng 8/2020
Thng 11/2019
Thng 5/2017
Thng 11/2017

Do ranh gii kh - nc ti
thi im kt thc khai thc m l
1.603mTVDss (Hnh 5).
Tnh ton lng nc xm nhp
vo va trong qu trnh khai thc da
theo phng trnh cn bng vt cht
v c mi quan h cht ch vi tng
sn lng khai thc kh v condensate
cng dn. Kt qu d bo lng nc
xm nhp vo va theo sn lng khai
thc kh v condensate cng dn (Bng
2 v Hnh 6).
Vi su y ca cc ging khai
thc 1P, 2P, 3P, 5P v 6P ln lt l
1.581mTVDss, 1.576mTVDss, 1.591m
TVDss, 1.612mTVDss v 1.607mTVDss
v ranh gii kh - nc ti thng 5/2016
l 1.622mTVDss c th thy rng ging
5P s sm b ngp nc (Bng 3).
D bo thi im ngp nc ti
cc ging khai thc c tnh ton vi
gi nh sn lng khai thc ca m
Lan Ty trung bnh mi nm l 70 t ft3
kh v 0,6 triu thng condensate n
cui i m. Ti thi im kt thc khai
thc d kin khi sn lng khai thc kh
cng dn Gp = 1,78 nghn t ft3, 2 ging
khai thc s b ngp nc l 5P v 6P,
nu tip tc khai thc cc ging cn li
s b ngp nc. Kt qu d bo thi
gian v sn lng khai thc cng dn
ti thi im cc ging bt u ngp
nc c trnh by ti Bng 4.
4. Kt lun
D bo thi gian ngp nc ca
m Lan Ty c a ra da trn cc
thng s u vo ca va v cht lu
trc , cc d bo v p sut va v
cc tnh ton da trn phng trnh
cn bng vt cht, vi gi nh sn
lng khai thc trung bnh ca m
mi nm l 70 t ft3 kh v 0,6 triu
thng condensate. Kt qu nghin
cu cho thy ranh gii kh - nc s
dch chuyn dn ln trn v ging
5P ngp nc sm nht (vo khong

PETROVIETNAM

thng 5/2017), cc ging cn li s ln lt b ngp


nc vo cc nm 2017, 2019 v 2020. Do , cn xem
xt iu chnh khai thc vi lu lng hp l, trung bnh
mi nm khng vt qu 70 t ft3 kh v 0,5 triu thng
condensate lm chm li thi gian ngp nc v ko
di thi gian khai thc m.
Ti liu tham kho
1. Vin Du kh Vit Nam. Nghin cu phc v qun l
khai thc cc m du kh do nh thu nc ngoi iu hnh
ti Vit Nam. 2016.

2. TNK Viet Nam B.V. (a Rosneft subsidiary). Block 06,1


PSC monthly production report.
3. TNK Viet Nam B.V. (a Rosneft subsidiary). Block 06,1
production and reservoir management. 2015.
4. B.C.Craft, M.F.Hawkins. Applied petroleum reservoir
engineering (2nd edition). Revised by Ronald E.Terry. 1991.
5. Cng ty Du kh BP. Bo co pht trin m Lan Ty Lan . 2001, 2008.
6. Cng ty Du kh BP. Bo co nh gi tr lng m
Lan Ty - Lan . 2001.

Predicting water influx for gas production wells of Lan Tay field
using material balance method

Summary

Vu Manh Hao, Le Vu Quan


Vu Duc Ung, Pham Hong Son
Vietnam Petroleum Institute
Email: haovm@vpi.pvn.vn

Lan Tay gas field, which is located in Block 06-1 of Nam Con Son basin in a total area of 950km2, was put into
production in late 2002. As of end December 2016, Lan Tay field has produced 47.53bcm of gas and 18.71mmstb
of condensate, which account for 95.06% and 94% of its recoverable reserve, respectively. So far there has been no
water influx phenomenon in the production wells of Lan Tay field, however, it is important to forecast the water influx
period for reservoir production and management strategies. This paper analyses and forecasts this phenomenon for
the production wells of Lan Tay field and proposes an optimal production strategy.
Key words: Lan Tay field, water Influx.

DU KH - S 1/2017

37

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

C IM CC THNH TO CARBONATE
CHA DU KH VIT NAM
Trn Khc Tn1, Ng Thng San1
Nguyn Xun Phong2, Nguyn Anh c2
Trn Nh Huy2
1
Hi Du kh Vit Nam
2
Tng cng ty Thm d Khai thc Du kh
Email: tantk2016@gmail.com

Tm tt

Lng du khai thc trong carbonate trn th gii hin nay chim hn 50%. T nhng nm u th k 20, cc
nh a cht Php pht hin ra cht lng mu nu trong cc tinh hc v khe nt trn mt di vi graphic ha
mng b ph hy mnh thuc mng un np Paleozoic khu vc Ni Lch, tnh Yn Bi. n nm 1987, dng du u tin
c khai thc su 2.270 - 2.275m t cc thnh to carbonate tui Miocene ging khoan H-1X, b Nam
Cn Sn vi lu lng 3.280 thng/ngy [1].
Trong nhng nm gn y, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam y mnh cng tc tm kim, thm d du kh trn ton
thm lc a Vit Nam v pht hin cc tch t du kh trong i tng cha carbonate c tui t Paleozoic n Tam.
Bi bo tng kt nh gi quy m phn b, v tr a tng, nghin cu c tnh cha, cc loi by v tim nng du
kh ca cc thnh to carbonate cha du kh Vit Nam, c ngha quan trng trong vic nh hng cng tc tm
kim v thm d du kh.
T kha: Thnh to carbonate, Tam, Paleozoic.

Cc m du kh cha trong cc
thnh to carbonate c tui Paleozoic v
Cenozoic c thng k Bng 1:

- M du kh Lan Ty - Lan , i Hng, L 05-1, 06-1, b Nam Cn


Sn thuc h tng Nam Cn Sn, Mng Cu - Thng, tui Miocene sm gia n mun.
Cc thnh to carbonate cha du kh c pht hin trong qu trnh
khoan tm kim thm d thm lc a Vit Nam c thng k Bng 2.
B Nam Cn Sn

Trc Cenozoic

DU KH - S 1/2017

Thch
hc

Tui

Trc Cenozoic
vi dng m
tiu cha kh
tui Cenozoic

vi nt n, hang hc
cha du kh tui trc
Cenozoic
Xm nhp

Bin cht

Mun
Gia
Sm

Bch Tri

oic
noz
c Ce

Trc Cenozoic

Mun Sm

U300

Miocene

Qung Ngi
Tri Tn

U260

Sng
Hng

Tuy Ha-

U170

Pleis.
Pliocene

Oligocene

Thng MngNam Cn Bin


cu Sn ng

Tuy
Ha-I

Eo.
Trc
Cenozoic
(PZ-MZ)

Tr

Cc trm tch
lc nguyn tui
Cenozoic. Lng
ng trong cc mi
trng sng, vnh,
bin nng

Hnh 1. Minh ha a tng cc b trm tch Tam v cc thnh to carbonate cha du kh thm lc a Vit Nam

Ngy nhn bi: 22/4/2016. Ngy phn bin nh gi v sa cha: 22/4 - 11/8/2016. Ngy bi bo c duyt ng: 22/12/2016.

38

Thch
hc

U100

Da

Sm

Miocene
Gia Mun

V tr a tng
cc thnh to Pliocene
carbonate cha
du kh Vit
Nam

Cau

Tui
Pleis.

Thch
hc

H Thch
tng hc

Phun tro

- M Hm Rng, Yn T, L 102-106,
b Sng Hng, phn ngoi khi: du kh

B Sng Hng

B Ph Khnh

Phn pha Nam Phn pha Bc ngoi khi

Oligocene
Sm Mun

Cc ging khoan tm kim thm


d su hn 4.500m cc b trm tch
Tam: Sng Hng, Nam Cn Sn, Ph
Khnh, m ra ton b mt ct a tng
trm tch lc nguyn, carbonate cha du
kh (Hnh 1). c bit, ging khoan thm
d HR-1X, HR-2X trong carbonate nt
n v hang hc c tui Paleozoic, L 106,
ngoi khi vnh Bc B do nh iu hnh
Petronas [2] thc hin nm 2008 cho
dng du cng nghip khong 4.859
thng/ngy, m ra mt giai on mi
trong tm kim du kh trong thnh to
vi c chn vi di cc thnh to lc
nguyn tui Cenozoic b Sng Hng
sau hn 100 nm pht hin du thm r t
vi tui D2e vng Ni Lch tnh Yn Bi.

c cha trong cc thnh to carbonate nt n, hang hc thuc h tng


Bc Sn, Bi Chy tui Paleozoic, t Devonian n Permian.

Eo.

1. c im a tng v din phn b


cc thnh to carbonate cha du
kh

PETROVIETNAM

Bng 1. Thng k cc m cha du kh trong cc thnh to carbonate tui Peleozoic v Cenozoic ngoi khi vnh Bc B, b Sng Hng v b Nam Cn Sn
Tui
Tam
(Cenozoic)

B
Miocene
mun
Sng Pha Bc ngoi khi
Hng
Nam Sng Hng
Nam Cn Sn

H tng Nam
Cn Sn

C sinh
M du kh
(Paleozoic)
DevonianMiocene
Miocene
CarboniferousM
L
gia
sm
Permian
H tng Bc Sn? Hm Rng, Yn T 102, 106
H tng Tri Tn Sng Hng
C Voi Xanh
118
Lan Ty - Lan
H tng Mng
06, 05.1b
i Hng
Cu, Thng

Bng 2. Thng k cc thnh to carbonate tui Paleozoic v Cenozoic c pht hin cha du kh trong qu trnh khoan tm kim thm d v vt l kho st
Tui
B
Miocene
mun

Tam (Cenozoic)
Miocene Miocene
gia
sm

Pha Bc
ngoi khi
Sng Hng
Nam Sng
Hng
Ph Khnh

Nam Cn Sn

H tng
Tri Tn

Sng
Hng

H tng Tuy Ha
H tng
Nam
Cn Sn

H tng
Mng Cu,
Thng

im l du Ni Lch
Yn Bi, pha Bc b
Sng Hng

Khu vc l v ging
C sinh (Paleozoic)
khoan biu hin du
Devoniankh
Oligocene
Carboniferous Permian
H tng
Bc Sn?
106-HL-1X
Kh
Ni Voi
Kin An?
115-A-1X
117-STB-1X
Kh
119-CH-1X
120-CS-1X
121-CM-1X
Kh
123-TH-1X
03-PL-1X
DUA-1X
Kh v du
05B-TL-1X
06-HDB-1X
Du lng
H tng Ni Lch di
trong tinh
D1 ? - D2 e
hc

2. Thnh phn thch hc v trm tch carbonate


cha du kh
2.1. Cc thnh to carbonate cha du kh tui Paleozoic
Kt qu nghin cu thnh phn thch hc, phn
loi carbonate m Hm Rng - Yn T tui Paleozoic
c thng k Bng 3. Cc thnh to carbonate bao
gm: dolomite, dolomite kt tinh, vi waskestone,
packstone.
Cc carbonate giu trng l (Fusiline) to, san h
v Echinoderm, ph bin cc loi ng khu v b nt
n mnh, b bin i v thay th mt phn hoc ton
b bi cc tinh th calcite kch thc ln, b dolomite ha
[3]. Cc ng khu cng b bin i lp y mt phn
silic, cc thnh to lc nguyn, phun tro (Hnh 2). Cc th
dolomite bin i to nn cc rng dng hang hc
v rng gia cc tinh th. Qu trnh bin i ny mt
phn lin quan n qu trnh bin tin v bin thoi v

Hnh 2. nh thch hc lt mng, mu vn bn khoan chiu su 359,99m, ging khoan


106-HRN-1X: dolomite kt tinh. cha nhiu ng khu v nt n (chiu mi tn),
Q: thch anh, Do: dolomite, di nicol

phn khc cng c th dolomite khu vc ny lin quan


n cc i nc ngm.
DU KH - S 1/2017

39

40

DU KH - S 1/2017

3.545 3.550

Wackeston

Trung bnh
(Mz)

70 3.809,99

69 3.774,00

68 3.725,01

67 3.690,00

vi

kt tinh

vi

kt tinh

vi

kt tinh

Dolomite

vi giu
calcite

3,3

9,7

19,3

8,3

5,7

Vt

ng
Bn
khu kt
nt n

Vt

Vt

Vt

ng
Bn
khu kt
nt n
Vt

Vt

ng
Bn
khu kt
nt n

Vt

Vt

ng
Bn
khu kt
nt n

14,7

0,7

18,0

18,7

ng
Bn
khu kt
nt n

7,3

17,3 30,3

Vt

3,7

29,0

1,7

Vt

Vt

Vt liu
hu c

kt tinh

Ht

ng
khu - Ht
nt n

Nt n

11,7

40,7

5,0

65,0

13,3

35,7

7,3

18,3

9,3

4,0

2,7

68,7

42,3

9,7

71,3

4,3

28,0

19,3

1,7

12,3

96,7

28,3

2,7

17,0

80,7

95,0

100,0

4,0

15,3

2,7

3,0

97,7

4,3

4,3

1,0

1,3

1,7

Vt

1,0

1,0

Vt

2,3

Vt

Vt

1,7

1,0

Vt

1,0

Vt

2,0 1,0

2,0 1,3

1,0 1,7

2,0 1,0

Vt

Vt

Vt

1,3

2,3 7,3

2,3 1,7

Vt

Vt 4,0

Hang hc

66 3.650,00

Packston

65 3.618,02

K-Feldspar
0,7

Plagiocla

Kt hch

Thch anh

50,7

Kt hch

64 3.603,99

chn la

Tr-T

Nt n

2,0

4,3

Calcite cha
st

Wackeston63 3.580,02
Pack

Carbonate
Vt

85,0

93,7

rng di knh

Gia ht

62 3.559,01 Sublitharenite 0,56

61

Thch anh

ng
Bn
khu kt
nt n

To
Vt

Vt

Trng l

kt tinh

San h

Bn
kt

Nt n

Bn
kt

8,7

Carbonate
vi tinh

Dolomite

kt tinh

Dolomite

Nt n

2,0

Calcite khng
cha st

60 3.529,99

59 3.515,02

kt tinh

Dolomite

Cu trc

58 3.500,03

Tip xc gia
cc ht

Nt n

Mnh vn
lc nguyn

Wackeston

Calcite vi tinh

3.485 3.490

Dolomite
vi tinh

57

Echinoderm
Vt

Xi mng v khong vt t sinh


Dolomite
khng cha
st

Bn
kt

Nn vn
Thch anh

Nt n

Mnh xng san h


Pyrite/
Opaque

kt tinh

Khung ht

Thnh phn khong vt (%)

Nt n

Dolomite

Phn loi

chn la

Tham s cu trc

Gia tinh th

56 3.480,05

S su
mu (m)

chn la

Bng 3. Kt qu phn tch thch hc mu lt mng ging khoan m Hm Rng (PVEP, 2014)

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

Dolomite
cha st

bo trn

PETROVIETNAM

Bng 4. Thnh phn thch lt mng cc im l ca cc thnh to carbonate h tng Ni Voi, Kin An, tui Paleozoic (VPI, 2013)
Tham s cu trc
Mu
V
im
tr
l

Thnh phn khong vt %

rng di knh
Mnh xng san h
Xi mng v khong vt t sinh
Tip
Khung ht
xc
chn bo gia
Gia
Mnh
Calcite
Nguyn Th
Hang cc Nt
Trung Ln Nh la trn cc Trng
To Brachiopod Bivalvia vn Echinoderm Calcite
Dolomite Sili/Q Chlorite
Nh
ht l
st
sinh sinh
hc tinh n
bnh nht nht
vi
th

Phn
loi

Kch c ht

Ni
Voi - Dolomite
Kin kt tinh
An
Ni
Voi Wackestone
6,2
Kin
An
Ni
Voi - Dolomite
6,3
Kin kt tinh
An
6,1

Nt
n

Bn
kt

Nt
n

Bn
2,0 3,3
kt

Nt
n

Bn
kt

Loi packstone cha


to san h crinoidea
(1.596 - 1.577m)

3,0

97,3

0,3 0,7

71

12,7

Vt

98

Vt

Loi grainstone
cha to san h
(1.604 - 1.608m)
Rhodolite grainstone

Loi mudstone
cha san h - to
(1.608 - 1.664m)

2,3

1,7

(a)

(b)

(a)

(b)

(a)

(b)

Hnh 3. nh lt mng cc loi to (a) mnh san h (b) trong vi mudstone, packstone, grainstone h tng
Tri Tn, Sng Hng, m kh C Voi Xanh, pha Nam b Sng Hng

T c trng v cu trc, thnh phn ht chng minh kh r cc


carbonate ny thnh to trong iu kin dng chy nng lng thp
tng ng vi mi trng thnh to cc vi m tiu. Da trn s c
mt cc ha Fusiline, Crinoidea, thnh to carbonate c xc nh c
tui t Carboniferous n Permian. Thnh phn thch hc v cc c tnh
cha ca cc vi trn c quan st v nghin cu so snh trn cc
thnh to carbonate trn b mt. Bng 4 th hin thnh phn thch
hc lt mng v cc c tnh nt n, rng trn cc mu vt l h tng
Ni Voi, Kin An tui Carboniferous - Permian.
2.2. Thnh phn thch hc trm tch cc carbonate cha du kh
tui Cenozoic
Cc ging khoan tm kim, thm lng cc khu vc pha Nam b
Sng Hng, Ph Khnh [4], Nam Cn Sn khoan qua cc thnh to
carbonate cha du kh c tui Cenozoic. Cc thnh to carbonate trong
cc h tng: Sng Hng, Tri Tn, Tuy Ha, Thng, Mng Cu, Nam Cn
Sn ch yu c 2 loi chnh: vi, dolomite [5].
- vi bao gm cc loi mudstone, wackestone, grainstone cha
trng l, to, rhodolite, c mu trng, xm vng sm, nu v xm ti.

Cu trc khi, i ch phn lp mng,


cng t mm n rn chc. Kin trc t vi
tinh - kt tinh n n tinh, c ni ti kt
tinh mnh, cha pyrite, i ch b dolomite
ha.
- Dolomite mu nu, nu sng, mu
sa b dolomite ha. Thnh phn ch
yu l to v trng l t l dolomite tng
dn theo chiu su.
Hnh 3 l mu li vi mudstone,
packstone, grianstone rhodolite cha to
, san h - su 1.596 - 1.664m, vi
cc c im: la chn t trung bnh
n km, kch c ht t nh - n trung
bnh, loi to - trng l ph bin vi s
lng ln.
3. c im cha du kh ca cc thnh
to carbonate
n nay, cn nhiu quan im cha
thng nht v phng php nh gi cc
tham s m cng nh cc tnh cht thch
vt l tng cha: rng, thm nt n
trong cc carbonate cha sn phm.
iu phc tp trong vic nh gi kh
nng cha sn phm ca cc thnh to
carbonate nt n lin quan n cc thnh
to c dm kt, s r r sn phm hoc lp
y khe nt, c bit c rt t t liu v cc
hang ng karst c.
rng, thm trong vi v
dolomite c thnh to do tng hp cc
qu trnh bin i t khi trm tch n khi
DU KH - S 1/2017

41

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

Bng 5. c tnh cha cc thnh to carbonate nt n, ging khoan 106-HRN-1X theo ti liu phn tch nh thnh ging khoan (FMI), PVEP 2014

su
nc
(m)

su
y
(m)

3.859,85 3.874,37
3.848,88 3.859,85
3.819,83 3.848,88
3.807,65 3.819,83
3.751,94 3.807,65
3.639,93 3.751,94
3.617,93 3.639,93
3.607,63 3.617,93
3.438,25 3.607,63

Mt Mt rng, rng
Phng Phn loi nt n nt n thm th sinh
i
Gc
(theo
trung
trung
mt nt cao
v
ng
nt dy nghing
p.p
bnh
bnh
nht
n (theo
phng ng
n (m) chnh
(theo (theo p.p STAR(theo
Den.)
phng
Den.) STAR-HD) HD)
Den.)
BTB - Trung bnh
Khng d Khng
1 14,52
52
245
8
6
NN
- cao
liu
d liu
BTB 2 10,57
42
283
Trung bnh
5
4,3
0,0142
0,0033
NTN
NTN - Trung bnh
3 29,05
57
244
8
6,8
0,0091
0,0019
NN
- cao
BTB 4
12
53
275
Trung bnh
6
5,5
0,0144
0,0027
NTN
5 55,71
66
243
B - TN
Thp
4
2,6
0,0142
0,0018
Thp 6 112,01 49
228
TB - N
5
4,1
0,0135
0,0023
trung bnh
7
22
79
284
B - TN
Thp
4
2,7
0,0117
0,0027
BTB 8 10,30
45
240
Trung bnh
5
4,5
0,0071
0,0019
NTN
9 169,38 24
204
-T
Trung bnh
6
3,8
0,0203
0,0029

rng
trung
bnh
(theo
Den
Neu)
Khng
d liu

thm
trung
bnh theo
p.p hp
th sng
(mD)
Khng d
liu

0,0148

20,3316

0,0095

0,0316

0,0179

0,0276

0,0136

1,4360

0,0143

0,9655

0,0140

0,5241

0,0079

0,0393

0,0352

0,6157

chn vi v phi by trn mt [6, 7]. H


thng rng trong cc carbonate
a dng, gm c l hng nguyn sinh
v th sinh. rng c th trng hoc
khng trng hp vi tng mi trng
trm tch. H thng ny cng c th
c pht trin lu thng nhng cng
c th b bt kn trong giai on v sau
theo lch s pht trin a cht.

Hnh 4. Mt ct a chn qua cu to Hm Rng (a). Cc hang ng dng karst phn b khu vc m Hm Rng
(mu nu) theo phn tch bin a chn (b), PVEP, 2005

3.1. Kt qu nghin cu cc khe


nt - t gy v tham s cha qua
ging khoan Hm Rng, Ni Lch tui
Paleozoic

theo ti liu nh thnh ging khoan (FMI) ca cc ging khoan HRN-1X, HRD1X cho 2 hng phng v chung: Ty Bc - ng Nam v ng Bc - Ty Nam
qua khong chiu su nghin cu. Mt nt n c tnh ton theo phng
trnh Terzhagi.

Hang ng
dng karst

- Cc ging khoan tm kim thm


d HR-1X, HR-2X, YT-1X, YT-2X, HRN1X, HRD-1X pht hin du kh trong
cc thnh to carbonate nt n, hang
hc vi lu lng ln. nh gi
tr lng m, Petronas v PVEP [8]
tin hnh phn tch cc hnh nh ghi
c trong qu trnh khoan v s dng
phn mm chuyn dng phn tch
h thng nt n, vi t gy, h thng
hang ng dng karst trong thnh
ging khoan Hm Rng v Yn T.

Bng 5 l kt qu minh gii h thng khe nt trong carbonate cha kh,


m Hm Rng L 106, b Sng Hng. Trong khong chiu su t 3.438,25m
n 3.859,85m ging khoan 106-HRN-1X, minh gii c 9 i nt n, dy
trung bnh ca cc i thay i t 10 - 169m, gc nghing t 24 - 79o v cc
tham s rng trung bnh ca cc i nt n.

Phn tch chi tit t cc biu cc


nt n v t gy ca mi i cu trc

Theo thng k t cc cng trnh nghin cu trn th gii cho thy tr


lng v sn lng khai thc du kh trong cc thnh to carbonate dng

42

DU KH - S 1/2017

- m ca khe nt c tnh dc theo thnh ging khoan.


- Du hiu thm theo phng php hp th nng lng c minh
gii t siu m lng cc k t nh thnh to carbonate n y ging khoan.
Hnh 4 l mt ct a chn qua cu to Hm Rng, thnh to carbonate
cha du kh (a) tui Paleozoic ging khoan 106-HR-1X v bn minh ha
din phn b cc hang ng dng karst qua phn tch bin a chn (b).

Qu trnh pht trin karst


cn b mt

i nc thy vn

PETROVIETNAM

Hang hc - ha tan
dn n sp l
Hang hc - nt n
vn nt - dm
10m

i nc ngm

Sui chy qua ng

ng dn nc thy vn

Vm b p v, nt
ri xung

Nn p c hc
Dm nt n,
c nt

10m

Pht trin karst trong qu


trnh chn vi

Trung tm Sn ong

Dm nt n, c nt, sp
xung v b nn p

Dm nt n
ti to, c nt, sp
xung v b nn p
hn n (chaotic)

Nh v dm sp

(b)

(a)

Hnh 5. Phc ha qu trnh hnh thnh v bin i thnh phn trong mt hang ng karst (a) cc khu vc lin vi nc trn mt v nc ngm (theo Loucks, 1999).
Cc minh chng qu trnh to hang ng v ct nh sp trong hang Sn ong, Qung Bnh (b)
Thit ho 2 tuyn IV
vng Ni Lch - Yn Bi

(b)

(a)
TT

t ph vi cha du Cui, si
Nguyn Thin R

Nm 1972

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

V tr
mu
H1-T IV
H2-T IV
H3-T IV
H4-T IV
H5-T IV
H3-T IV
H4-T IV
H4-T IV
H4-T IV
H6-T IV

(c)
Mt
2,55
2,67
2,69
2,56
2,60
2,68
2,69
2,65
2,69
2,73

(e)

rng
h (%)
5,81
0,77
1,40
5,02
3,85
0,77
0,51
1,26
0,56
1,83

thm
(mD)

1,77

1,01
1,50

S th
t
kho
st
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

ng knh
trung bnh
ca tinh hc
(mm)
0,3
0,1
0,1
0,2
0,1
0,2
0,4
0,5
0,5
2,0
3,0

Vt
liu
lp y

Du
lng,
asphan
v tinh
m
calcite

(d)

Hnh 6. Thit ho (a, b) o Ngi c, vi cha du lng tinh hc v khe nt (c), asphan, du lng lp y khe nt (d) rng v thm vi phn tch cc mu ly cc ho (e)
DU KH - S 1/2017

43

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

Bng 6. rng v thm trong cc loi vi m C Voi Xanh, Lan Ty - Lan

Mudstone /K (%/mD)
26,1/55,5
29,3/270

C Voi Xanh
Lan Ty - Lan

vi
Packstone /K (%/mD) Wackestone /K (%/mD)
26,5/28,5
26,5/28,5
34,4/133
26/233

thm (mD)

Tng grainstone san h 1.604 - 1.608m

Grainstone /K (%/mD)
32,9/123
27,8/102

Cc kiu rng
Theo khung cu trc
Cc dng khc
Ton b
cu trc

Vn
Gia cc vn
Nn matrix

Nt n

L h

Nn matrix

Bn trong cc vn
Nn matrix

rng (%)

thm (mD)

Tng packstone 1.596 - 1.577m

Grainstone/
Mudstone
Packstone/
Wackestone

Nn matrix

Cc th sinh vt
Dng ng

Nn matrix

Nn matrix

Nn matrix

L hng dng ca s

rng (%)
Tng mudstone cha san h, 1.608 - 1.664m

Dng rnh

Cc tinh th
Gia cc tinh th
Nn matrix

Hang hc

Hang ng (carvern)

Dng ca s
Nn matrix

Dng dm kt

thm (mD)

L hng dng , ngn nh


Ton b
cu trc

rng (%)

Dng , ngn nh

Dng ng

Nn matrix

Nn matrix

L hng b
Dng b
Nn matrix

Dng c khot
Nn matrix

Hnh 7. Mi tng quan gia rng v thm (1, 2, 3) carbonate cha kh h tng Tri Tn v cc loi cu trc bn trong ca (4)

a hnh karst chim t trng kh ln trong s cc thnh


to cha khc. T l ny chim khong 11% trong tng
tr lng du kh tim nng cha trong lc nguyn
v carbonate. cha trong cc thnh to carbonate
dng karst c hnh thnh cc a hnh chn vi di
mt hay nhiu bt chnh hp a tng v bt chnh hp
gc vi nhiu loi by khc nhau.

rng v thm trung bnh cao hn nhiu ln so


vi cc thnh cha carbonate khng c dng a hnh
karst.

Hnh 5 th hin khi nim hnh thnh cc hang ng


karst v qu trnh sp l, to nn cc dm do nn p
c hc v cc hot ng kin to ca Loucks cng b
nm 1999 (a). Kch thc cc khi dm hn n ny
c khi t ti 15 - 18m. Khong trng gia cc mnh
vn, dm c lp y tng phn hoc ton b cc vt
liu trong khi carbonate v vn ri xung hoc theo
cc ngun nc ngm vn chuyn n. Hnh nh hang
Sn ong (b) tnh Qung Bnh minh ha mt phn qu
trnh trn.

- Ti vng Ni Lch [8] gp nhiu biu hin du lng,


asphan trong cc tinh hc, khe nt ca vi mu xm
en, vi mu xm trng. Khe nt lp y calcite mu
trng (khong vt phn b ch yu trong cc loi vi
ngm du). Mt khe nt tp trung nhiu trong loi
vi dng di v thu knh mu xm en. Hnh 7 l nh mu
ly t ho o s II, chn Ni Lch, minh chng cc khe nt
h cha cc tinh m calcite, c cha du lng (c). Kt qu
nghin cu mt , kch thc ca khe nt trn 1cm2,
rng thm (e, d).

44

DU KH - S 1/2017

Cc th cha dng karst c th c nghin cu


v thm d theo nhiu phng php khc nhau: a cht
trn mt, a cht di su, a chn khu vc, khoan thm
d, a vt l ging khoan.

PETROVIETNAM

Ti ho 1 tuyn III, ho 1, 2, 3 tuyn IV, ho 4 tuyn V,


u gp carbonate cha du nhn, qunh, mu nu
en trong cc loi khe nt v tinh hc khc nhau.
Khe nt lp y du lng mu nu, nu vng, mt khe
nt li lm c dng gm mn. Trong cc khe nt h du
to thnh nhng mng mng c mu nu, di nh
sng mt tri mt thi gian du b oxy ha v li nhng
vt bm mu nu en. Trong vi cn gp nhiu tinh
hc c hnh dng trn, bu dc. y l l hng th sinh,
do hin tng ha tan to nn.
3.2. c im cha ca cc thnh to carbonate m
kh C Voi Xanh, Lan Ty - Lan , tui Cenozoic
Cc kiu rng, s pht trin rng trong vi v
dolomite c nghin cu, cp n, c bit trong
cc cng trnh nh gi kh nng cha du kh ca cc
thnh to ny. Nghin cu h thng rng trong cc
thnh to carbonate phc tp hn nhiu so vi cc
thnh to ct kt cha du kh.
Khu vc pha Nam vnh Bc B, carbonate Nng
pht trin chnh phm vi i nng Tri Tn. Thnh phn
carbonate ch yu l vi m tiu san h a tng.
Trong ph bn Hu loi carbonate dng m tiu pht
trin t hn v kh nng cha km. carbonate cha kh
Nng gm 2 loi chnh:
- dolomite mu nu, nu sng, mu sa. Thnh
phn ch yu l to v trng l. T l dolomite tng dn
theo chiu su;
- vi bao gm s xen k mudstone, wackestone,
packstone san h, wackestone, grainstone cha trng l
v to, rhodoid binstone, c mu trng, xm vng sm,
nu v xm ti. Cu trc khi, i ch phn lp mng,
cng t mm n cng, rn chc. Kin trc t vi tinh - kt
tinh n n tinh, c ni ti kt tinh.
rng v thm trong cc loi vi giu san h
2 m thay i rt ln theo cc kiu cu trc, sp xp kiu
hang hc trong khi vi (Bng 6).
Hnh 7 l kt qu nghin cu mi quan h gia
rng v thm (1, 2, 3) theo tng loi cu trc qua phn
tch thch hc lt mng (4) cc ging khoan m kh C
Voi Xanh.

lng m a vo khai thc cha nhiu nhng tim nng


pht hin m mi rt ln.
- Cc m du kh cha trong cc thnh to carbonate
c tui Paleozoic v Cenozoic, trong cc b Sng Hng
trn t lin v ngoi khi, b Nam Cn Sn.
- Thnh phn thch hc v trm tch carbonate
cha du kh tui Paleozoic, bao gm dolomite,
dolomite kt tinh, cc loi vi waskestone, packstone,
giu trng l, san h v Echinoderm, ph bin cc loi
ng khu v b nt n mnh.
- Cc thnh to carbonate trong cc h tng: Sng
Hng, Tri Tn, Tuy Ha, Thng, Mng Cu, Nam Cn Sn
tui Cenozoic ch yu c 2 loi chnh: vi, dolomite.
- Phn tch h thng nt n, vi t gy, h thng
hang ng dng karst trong thnh ging khoan Hm
Rng v Yn T tui Paleozoic, c th chia thnh 9 i nt
n, rng trung bnh t 0,013 - 0,036%, thm trung
bnh t 0,316 - 20,3316mD.
- Cc thnh to vi c tui Paleozoic, Mesozoic
c chn vi di cc trm tch tui Cenozoic khu vc
pha Bc b Sng Hng v cc khu vc thm Ty Nam C
Mau vi s tn ti cc thnh to carbonate H Tin
nt n, hang ng tui Paleozoic l cc i tng cn
c nghin cu v tm kim thm d trong thi gian
tip theo.
- Cc c im trm tch, tnh cht cha, mc lu
thng cht lng trong cc thnh to carbonate, c
bit trong dolomite rt a dng i hi kt hp nhiu
phng php mi nghin cu nh gi v thit k khai
thc.
Ti liu tham kho
1. Nguyn Du Hng v nnk. Bo co tnh tr lng
du kh m i Hng. 2005.
2. Petronas Vietnam. HR-2X 8.5 carbonate section
wireline logging data. PVEP. 2012.
3. Bui Thi Ngoc Phuong v nnk. Petrography report
wells: 106-HR-1X, HR-1X-ST3, HR-1X-ST4, offshore Vietnam.
Ho Chi Minh City. 2009.

4. Kt lun v trao i

4. L Vn Dung v nnk. Bo co minh gii ti liu vt


l 2D v nh gi cu trc a cht b Ph Khnh. Vin Du
kh Vit Nam. 2005.

- carbonate l mt trong ba thnh to cha du


kh v c tm kim thm d trn lnh th Vit Nam, s

5. Trn Khc Tn, Ng Thng San, V Ngc Dip. a


tng phn tp carbonate v tim nng du kh. 2013 - 2014.
DU KH - S 1/2017

45

THM D - KHAI THC DU KH

6. S.J.Mazzullo, H.H.Rieke, G.V.Chilingarian. Carbonate


reservoir characterization: A geologic-engineering analysis,
part I. Elservier Science. 1992; 30.
7. S.J.Mazzullo, H.H.Rieke, G.V.Chilingarian. Carbonate
reservoir characterization: A geologic-engineering analysis,
part II. Elservier Science. 1996; 44.

8. Baker Hughes. Geological and petrophysical


interpretation of HRN-1X 6-inch section. PVEP. 2014.
9. Trn Khc Tn, Phm Huy Tin v nnk. Cu trc a
cht v c im cc trm tch sinh, cha du vng Ni Lch,
Yn Bi. 1977.

Characteristics of carbonate formations containing


oil and gas in Vietnam

Summary

Tran Khac Tan1, Ngo Thuong San1


Nguyen Xuan Phong2, Nguyen Anh Duc2, Tran Nhu Huy2
1
Vietnam Petroleum Association
2
Petrovietnam Exploration Production Corporation
Email: tantk2016@gmail.com

Nowadays, more than 50% of oil in the world are produced from carbonate rocks. In the early 20th century, French
geologists discovered brown liquid in crystal cavities and fissures on a thin strip of strongly deformed graphitised
limestone belonging to the Paleozoic folded basement of Nui Lich mountain, Yen Bai province. In 1987, the first oil
was produced with 3,280barrels/day at 2,270 - 2,275m depth from the Miocene carbonate formation of DH-1X well,
Nam Con Son basin, offshore Vietnam.
In recent years, the Vietnam Oil and Gas Group has accelerated petroleum exploration and production on the
entire continental shelf of Vietnam. The result is a series of oil and gas discoveries in Carboniferous - Permian to
Miocene carbonate rocks. The paper evaluates the distribution, stratigraphic position, reservoir characteristics, trap
types and petroleum potential of carbonate formations containing oil and gas in Vietnam, which help to orientate
hydrocarbon prospecting and exploration activities.
Key words: Carbonate formation, Cenozoic, Paleozoic.

46

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

NGHIN CU TH NGHIM KH NNG DIT VI KHUN KH SULPHATE


BNG DUNG DCH NANO BC

Tm tt

C Th Vit Nga, Trnh Thanh Sn, Lng Vn Tuyn


H Thu Hng, Kiu Anh Trung, Bi Th Hng, o Th Hi H
Nguyn Th Ngc Bch, Ng Hng Anh, Hong Th Phng
Vin Du kh Vit Nam
Email: ngactv@vpi.pvn.vn

Trong ngnh cng nghip du kh, vi khun kh sulphate c kh nng sinh ra kh H2S, dn n gim gi tr thng
mi ca du th, n mn thit b kim loi, nh hng nghim trng n hiu qu kinh t, an ton v k thut. V vy,
nhiu h cht dit khun c s dng ngn chn tc hi do nhm vi khun ny gy ra. Dung dch nano bc v
ang c cc nh khoa hc trn th gii nghin cu pht trin do c hiu qu dit khun cao v thn thin vi mi
trng. Bi bo gii thiu mt s kt qu nghin cu tng hp dung dch nano bc v kho st hiu qu dit khun ln
vi khun kh sulphate Desulfomicrobium baculatum c phn lp t mu du th m Bch H.
T kha: Nano bc, cht dit khun, vi khun kh sulphate, m Bch H.
Gii thiu
Vi khun kh sulphate l nhm vi khun k kh c
kh nng sinh ra kh H2S. Loi vi khun ny c th sng
mi trng khc nghit nh: nhit cao, p sut cao,
mn cao, mi trng qu kim hoc qu acid v c
bit l tn ti kh ph bin trong cc m du, ging khai
thc. Vi khun kh sulphate sinh ra kh H2S lm chua
ha, dn n gim gi tr thng mi ca du th, gy
n mn cc thit b kim loi, h thng ng ng, nh
hng n sc khe ca ngi lao ng ti cc gin
khoan [1, 2]. Bn cnh , vi khun kh sulphate gp
iu kin thun li s pht trin to thnh cc mng
biofilm gy bt nht va, lm gim kh nng tip nhn
ca nc bm p.
Hin nay, cc cht dit khun ang c s dng ch
yu l cc aldehyde hoc amine vng kt hp vi cht
hot ng cation, rt c hi i vi con ngi v mi
trng. Khi s dng cc cht dit khun ny trong thi
gian di s xy ra hin tng nhn, v vy cn thay th
bng cht dit khun mi u vit v thn thin vi mi
trng hn.
S pht trin ca cng ngh vt liu to ra vt liu
mi c kch thc nano vi tnh cht u vit. Nano bc l
vt liu mi c bit n vi tnh nng dit khun vt
tri c rt nhiu ng dng trong i sng. Nano bc c
kch thc rt nh, din tch b mt rt ln nn c th xm
nhp d dng vo t bo vi sinh vt, lm thay i c ch
ha sinh, bt hot cc qu trnh trao i cht ca vi sinh
dn n vic tiu dit chng [3].

C ch dit khun ca nano bc l kt qu ca qu


trnh bin i cc nguyn t bc kim loi trn b mt ht
nano bc thnh cc ion Ag+t do v cc ion t do ny s
tc dng ln vi khun. Mt s c ch dit khun ca nano
bc c xut nh sau:
- Ion Ag+ c ch kh nng vn chuyn oxy qua thnh
t bo do c kh nng lin kt vi peptidoglycan (thnh
phn cu to ca thnh t bo), dn n lm cht t bo.
ng vt khng c thnh t bo nn khng b nh
hng khi tip xc vi cc ion ny.
- Ion Ag+ c th i qua mng t bo vi khun vo
bn trong t bo v phn ng vi nhm sunfuahydrin SH ca phn t enzyme chuyn ha oxy, v hiu ha men
ny dn n c ch qu trnh h hp ca t bo vi khun.
- Cc ion Ag+ cn c kh nng lin kt vi cc base
ca DNA v trung ha in tch ca gc phosphate, ngn
chn qu trnh sao chp DNA.
Dit khun bng dung dch nano bc l mt hng
nghin cu mi trong vic ch to cht dit khun ng
dng trong cng nghip khai thc du kh. Bi bo trnh by
mt s kt qu tng hp dung dch nano bc v th nghim
hot tnh dit khun ca dung dch nano bc trn vi khun
kh sulphate phn lp c t mu du th m Bch H.
2. Nguyn liu v phng php
2.1. Nguyn liu v thit b
2.1.1. Nguyn liu
- Ha cht ch to nano bc: AgNO3, tinh khit

Ngy nhn bi: 26/5/2016. Ngy phn bin nh gi v sa cha: 31/5 - 18/7/2016. Ngy bi bo c duyt ng: 22/12/2016.
DU KH - S 1/2017

47

HA - CH BIN DU KH

99,99% (Merck), NaBH4, tinh khit 96,5%


(Chemical Ltd.), Na3C6H5O7, tinh khit > 99,0%
(Sigma Aldrich).

nh gi kh nng phn tn ca dung dch nano bc: Dung


dch nano bc c pha long cc nng khc nhau v c
o ph UV-VIS nh gi s tn ti v co cm ca ht nano bc.

- Mi trng nui cy vi khun Postgate B ci


tin c s dng nui cy vi khun: KH2PO4
0,5g/l; Na2SO4 1g/l; NH4Cl 1g/l; MgSO4 2g/l; NaCl
4g/l; CaCl2 0,1g/l; nc bin 200ml; nc ct 800ml;
C4H5NaO2 2g/l; pH 7,2g/l; C2H3NaO2.3H2O 1,75g/l;
FeSO4 0,5g/l; cao nm men 0,5g/l; C2H3O2SNa 0,1g/l;
Na2S 0,025g/l; Agar 12g/l; NaHCO3 0,5g/l. Mi trng
c tit trng 121oC trong 15 pht. Mi trng
Postgate B tit trng c chnh pH vi NaHCO3.

Phn lp v nh tn vi khun kh sulphate: Vi khun c


phn lp t mu du m Bch H. Vi khun kh sulphate c
phn lp trn mi trng Postgate B v lm sch n n chng
bng phng php pha long ti hn. Chng vi khun kh
sulphate c tin hnh nhum Gram. Quan st hnh dng t bo
trn knh hin vi quang hc.

- Chng vi khun: chng vi khun kh


sulphate c phn lp t mu du th gin 10
m Bch H v nh tn bng phng php gii v
phn tch trnh t gen 16S rRNA.

- Nui cy v lm giu vi khun. nh tn bng phng php


gii v phn tch trnh t gen 16S rRNA.
- Tc dng dit khun kh sulphate c nh gi theo s
pht trin ca vi khun sau cc khong thi gian tip xc vi dung
dch nano bc theo tiu chun API RP38.
3. Kt qu v tho lun
3.1. Ch to dung dch nano bc

2.1.2. Thit b
- Ph t ngoi v kh kin UV-VIS;
- Knh hin vi in t truyn qua(TEM) Philips
CM 120;
- Thit b o kch thc ht bng phng
php tn x nh sng laser LA-950;

3.1.1. La chn cht kh


Kt qu th nghim trong Hnh 2 v 3 cho thy khi s dng
cht kh Na3Cit (Na3C6H5O7), sn phm thu c c kch thc
Cht n nh

AgNO3

- Bnh phn ng.


2.2. Phng php

Nc kh ion

Phng php kh ha hc c s dng cho


qu trnh ch to dung dch nano bc t AgNO3,
vi cht kh NaBH4 hoc Na3C6H5O7 [4]. Quy trnh
ch to nano bc nh Hnh 1.

Dung dch A
Dung dch nano bc
Hnh 1. S ch to dung dch nano bc

Hnh 2. Ph UV-VIS v hnh TEM mu dung dch nano bc vi cht kh Na3Cit

48

DU KH - S 1/2017

Cht kh
(Dung dch B)

PETROVIETNAM

Hnh 3. Ph UV-VIS v hnh TEM mu nano dung dch bc vi cht kh NaBH4

nano bc ln hn khi s dng cht kh NaBH4. Khi


s dng cht kh Na3Cit c bc sng hp th UVVIS khi dung dch nano bc ln ti 450nm v hiu
sut phn ng thp hn khi s dng cht kh NaBH4
chng t hiu sut phn ng kh ion Ag+ thnh Ago
bng NaBH4 cao hn khi kh bng Na3Cit. V vy,
nhm tc gi la chn NaBH4 cho nghin cu tng
hp dung dch nano bc.
3.1.2. Kho st iu kin tng hp nano bc
- nh hng ca t l nng NaBH4/AgNO3
Trong phn ng tng hp dung dch nano bc vi
cht kh NaBH4, m bo lng AgNO3 c kh
hon ton v hiu sut phn ng t c cao nht,
nhm tc gi s dng mt lng d cht kh trong
qu trnh tng hp.

Hnh 4. UV-VIS ca cc mu dung dch nano bc (AgNPs 30, 31, 33)

Kt qu phn tch nh gi nh hng ca t l


mol NaBH4/AgNO3 cho thy vi t l 2:1 NaBH4/AgNO3
(cho mu nano bc - AgNPs 30), t l 3:1 (cho mu
AgNPs 33), t l 4:1 (mu AgNPs 31) th cng hp
th nh UV-VIS ln lt l 0,380; 0,900; 0,683 chng
t khi tng hm lng cht kh ln qu cao hay qu
thp cng nh hng ti s lng ht nano bc c
to ra. Trong 3 t l mol c kho st th t l mol
NaBH4/AgNO3 3:1 to c dung dch nano bc c
cng hp th UV-VIS l cao nht.
- nh hng t l cht lm bn/AgNO3
Kt qu th nghim cho thy khi s dng t l mol
cht lm bn/AgNO3 l 0,05 cng hp th nh
UV-VIS tng i thp so vi cc mu c t l 0,275 v

Hnh 5. Ph UV-VIS cc mu dung dch nano bc vi t l nng cht lm bn/AgNO3 l:


0,05; 0,275 v 0,5
DU KH - S 1/2017

49

HA - CH BIN DU KH

0,5. iu ny chng t khi s dng t l mol cht


lm bn qu thp s khng to c cc phn
t mixen bao quanh ht nano bc dn ti tng
kch thc ht v gim s lng ht nano bc
to ra (Hnh 5). Vi t l mol cht lm bn/AgNO3
l 0,5, chiu cao peak l ln nht.

Hnh 6. Dung dch nano bc cc nng khc nhau

iu kin ti u ch to dung dch nano


bc l: nhit phn ng 4oC, t l cht lm
bn/AgNO3 l 0,5, t l mol NaBH4/AgNO3 l
3:1, vi nng nano bc ti a l 2.000ppm.
3.1.3. nh gi cc c trng ca dung dch
nano bc
Dung dch nano bc c chun b cc
nng khc nhau t 0,2ppm n 2.000ppm
(Hnh 6). Ph hp th UV-VIS ca dung dch
nano bc cc nng khc nhau c th
hin Hnh 7. Cc mu pha long u xut
hin peak ti bc sng 400nm, chng t tnh
cht ca nano bc khng b nh hng khi pha
long trong nc.
Hnh nh TEM ca mu nano bc nng
2.000ppm (Hnh 8) cho thy cc ht nano
bc c kch thc khong 15 4nm, p ng
yu cu v kch thc ht nano s dng lm
cht dit khun (< 100nm).

Hnh 7. Ph UV-VIS ca dung dch nano bc AgNPs 27 cc nng 0,1%, 0,3%, 0,5%, 1% v 1,5%

Theo kt qu phn b kch thc ht nano


bc nng 2.000ppm trong dung dch Hnh
9, cc ht nano bc t c kch thc ht
trung bnh l 19nm.
3.2. Phn lp v nh tn vi khun
Vi khun kh sulphate EPC-KK2 c
phn lp t mu du thuc MSP10-1014.
Trn knh hin vi quang hc, y l cc t
bo hnh que ngn, thuc nhm vi khun
Gram m, bi li. Loi vi khun ny k kh bt
buc, h hp k kh s dng sulphate lm
cht nhn in t cui cng, to ra H2S. Sinh
trng trn mi trng vi c cht lactate.
Cc iu kin sinh trng bao gm: nhit
thch hp l 30 - 32oC; pH 7,5; nng mui
NaCl l 2,5g/l.

Hnh 8. Hnh TEM ca mu nano bc AgNPs 32

50

DU KH - S 1/2017

Vi khun c phn loi v nh tn bng


phng php gii v phn tch trnh t gen 16S
rRNA da trn ngn hng gen ca th gii v
phn loi.

50

100

45

90

40

80

35

70

30

60

25

50

20

40

15

30

10

20

10

0
0,01

Undersize (%)

q (%)

PETROVIETNAM

0
0,1

10
Diameter (m)

100

1000

Hnh 9. Phn b kch thc ht nano bc trong mu dung dch AgNPs 27


AGTCAATGAACGCTGGCGGCGTGCCTAACACATGCAAGTCGTACGAGAAAGGGGCTTTCGGGCCCTGAGT
AGAGTGGCGCACGGGTGAGTAACGCGTGGGTAATCTACCCTTGGATTTGGGATAACTCTGCGAAAGTGGA
GCTAATACCGGATAGTCTGGCTTTAATTAAGAAGTCGGTAAAGGATGCCTCTGCATATGCATTCGTCCGA
GGATGAGCCCGCGTCTCATTAGCTAGTTGGTAGGGTAATGGCCTACCAAGGCAACGATGAGTAGCTGGTC
TGAGAGGATGATCAGCCACACTGGAACTGAAACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGGGGAAT
ATTGCGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACGCAGCAACGCCGTGTGAGGGATGAAGGCTTTCGGGTCGTAAACCT
CTGTCGGAAGGGAAGAACGGGCATTGGTCTAATAGGCCTTTGTTTTGACGGTACCTTTAGAGGAAGCACC
GGCTAACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAAGCGTTATTCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAA

Hnh 10. on trnh t gen ca vi khun EPC-KK2


Desulfovibrio desulfuricans AM949034.1
Bacillus megaterium EU124555.1

Kt qu phn tch gen (Hnh 10)


ca EPC-KK2 cho thy cc on gen
nhn ln c c s tng ng vi
vi khun Desulfomicrobium baculatum
KF536747.1 (Hnh 11). T cc kt qu trn
v hnh thi t bo (Hnh 12) c th khng
nh EPC-KK2 thuc nhnh Bacteria;
Proteobacteria; Deltaproteobacteria;
Desulfovibrionales; Desulfomicrobiaceae;
Desulfomicrobium baculatum.
c im chung ca nhm vi khun
Desulfomicrobium baculatum:
- T bo: dng rod hoc elip, 0,5 0,9 x 1,3 - 2,9m, u trn, n hoc i
(Sharak Genthner et al., 1994). Chng
Gram m v c cu trc thnh t bo.
T bo di ng, thng s dng 1 ui.
Khng to bo t.
- Mi trng sng: sng k kh.
Mi trng kh hoc dng tc nhn
kh trong mi trng sinh trng. C
th sinh trng nh h hp k kh vi
sulphate hoc sulfoxyanion lm cht
nhn in t cui cng, to H2S. Nhit
ti u 25 - 30oC.

Azospirillium brasilense NR_117478.1

1
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KJ459864.1

2 EPC -KK2
Desulfomicrobium baculatum KF536747.1
Desulfomicrobium baculatum AJ277895.1
Desulfomicrobium baculatum AM419440.1

- S dng c cht: Cc hp cht


hu c n gin lm cht nhn in t
trong qu trnh h hp sulphate gm:
lactate, pyruvate, ethanol, formate v
hydro. H hp sulphate vi lactate nh
cht nhn in t l khng hon ton,
vi s to thnh acetate v CO2. C
mt enzyme hydrogenase. T bo cha
cytochrome dng b v c. Trao i cht
c th ln men vi c cht hu c n
gin bao gm pyruvate, malate hoc
fumarate, khng ln men vi ng.
Khng c nhu cu c bit vi vitamin.
3.3. Kh nng dit khun ca dung dch
nano bc

Desulfobulbus elongatus NR_029305.1


3
Desulfobulbus elongatus X95180.1
0,1

Hnh 11. V tr phn loi ca chng EPC-KK2 vi cc loi c quan h h hng da vo trnh t gen 16S rRNA

Theo mt s nh khoa hc, hin nay


c nhiu l thuyt v c ch tc dng
dit vi khun ca nano bc, trong l
thuyt hp th thuyt phc hn c. Bn
cht ca thuyt ny l t bo vi khun
b v hiu ha do kt qu ca qu trnh
DU KH - S 1/2017

51

HA - CH BIN DU KH

tng tc tnh in gia b mt mang in tch m ca t bo v


ion Ag+c hp th ln , cc ion ny sau xm nhp vo bn
trong t bo vi khun v v hiu ha chng.
Cc mu nano bc tng hp c kho st kh nng dit
khun theo kch thc ht. Theo cc nghin cu c cng b,
kch thc ht nano bc l yu t quan trng nh hng n kh

Hnh 12. Vi khun EPC-KK2 trn knh hin vi quang hc Leica DM750

nng dit khun. Vi tng loi c ht khc


nhau, ph hot ng ca dung dch nano bc
trn cc nhm vi khun rt khc nhau [5]. Nhn
chung, kch thc ht c hiu qu vi cc loi
vi khun nm trong khong t 1 - 50nm. Vi vi
khun phn lp c, kch thc ht nano bc
c hiu qu dit khun nm trong khong 1 50nm. Nng nano bc trong dung dch c
hiu qu gy bt hot cc chng vi khun khc
nhau cng rt khc nhau. Thng thng nng
c ch ti thiu ca nano bc ln vi khun
nm trong khong 10 - 75ppm. Cc mu nano
bc t c kch thc nano trong dung dch
tng hp c gm c: AgNPs 25, AgNPs 27,
AgNPs 31, AgNPs 34 khng c hin tng kt
ta c a vo kho st s b i vi chng
EPC-KK2, kt qu c th hin Bng 1.
Bng 1 cho thy cc mu dung dch nano
bc AgNPs 25 v AgNPs 27 c hiu qu dit vi
khun EPC-KK2 vi kch thc ht trung bnh <
25nm. Trong khi , cc mu AgNPs 31 v AgNPs
34 vi kch thc ht trung bnh > 25nm khng
c hiu qu dit vi khun EPC-KK2.

Bng 1. nh hng ca kch thc ht v nng nano bc n hiu qu dit khun EPC-KK2 ca cc mu dung dch nano bc

TT

K hiu mu

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

AgNPs 25_30
AgNPs 25_60
AgNPs 25_100
AgNPs 27_30
AgNPs 27_60
AgNPs 27_100
AgNPs 31_30
AgNPs 31_60
AgNPs 31_100
AgNPs 34_30
AgNPs 34_60
AgNPs 34_100

Kch thc
Nng
S lng vi
S lng vi khun
S lng vi khun EPCi chng
ht nano bc nano bc khun EPC- EPC-KK2 sau 24 gi KK2 sau 96 gi tip xc
vi khun
trung bnh trong dung KK2 ban u tip xc vi dung dch vi dung dch nano bc
KEPC-KK2
(nm)
dch (ppm)
(tb/ml)
nano bc (tb/ml)
(tb/ml)
6
21,45
30
10
nd
106
nd
6
21,45
60
10
106
nd
nd
6
nd
nd
21,45
100
10
106
6
nd
nd
18,45
30
10
106
6
nd
18,45
60
10
106
nd
nd
nd
18,45
100
106
106
25,28
30
106
105
105
106
25,28
60
106
105
104
106
6
6
5
25,28
100
10
10
10
106
6
5
5
25,38
30
10
10
10
106
6
5
5
25,38
60
10
10
10
106
6
6
5
25,38
100
10
10
10
106
Bng 2. Kho st nng dit khun EPC-KK2 ca dung dch nano bc AgNPs 25

TT

Nng nano
bc (ppm)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

0
5
10
15
20
25
30

nd: khng pht hin

52

DU KH - S 1/2017

S lng vi khun
EPC-KK2 ban u
(tb/ml)
106
106
106
106
106
106
106

S lng vi khun EPC-KK2 sau S lng vi khun EPC-KK2 sau


24 gi tip xc vi AgNPs 25
96 gi tip xc vi AgNPs 25
(tb/ml)
(tb/ml)
106
105
106
105
105
104
4
10
103
~10
nd
nd
nd
nd
nd

i chng
vi khun
KEPC-KK2
106
106
106
106
106
106
106

PETROVIETNAM

Bng 3. Kho st nng dit khun EPC-KK2 ca dung dch nano bc AgNPs 27
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Nng
nano bc
(ppm)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30

S lng vi khun
EPC-KK2 ban u
(tb/ml)
106
106
106
106
106
106
106

S lng vi khun EPC-KK2


sau 24 gi tip xc vi AgNPs 27
(tb/ml)
106
106
104
104
~10
nd
nd

S lng vi khun EPC-KK2


i chng
sau 96 gi tip xc vi AgNPs 27 vi khun
KEPC-KK2
(tb/ml)
6
10
106
106
106
104
106
3
10
106
106
nd
nd
106
106
nd

nd: khng pht hin

Vi kch thc ht nano AgNPs <


25nm, dung dch nano AgNPs 25 v
nano AgNPs 27 ln lt c kho
st hiu qu dit khun cc nng
trong khong 0 - 30ppm. Kt qu
Bng 2 v 3 cho thy khng pht
hin thy EPC-KK2 sinh trng tr li
sau thi gian th nghim vi cc mu
nano AgNPs 25 v mu nano AgNPs
27 nng 20ppm. Mt s hnh nh
vi khun kh sulphate EPC-KK2 trong
th nghim nh gi tc dng dit
khun ca dung dch nano bc (Hnh
13 v 14).

Hnh 13. Vi khun kh sulphate EPC-KK2 sinh trng tr li trong th nghim hiu qu dit khun ca dung dch nano bc

Cc kt qu nh gi cho thy
hiu qu dit khun ca cc mu dung
dch nano bc AgNPs 27 v AgNPs 25
rt cao vi nng 20ppm i vi
chng EPC-KK2.
4. Kt lun

Hnh 14. Vi khun kh sulphate EPC-KK2 khng sinh trng tr li trong th nghim hiu qu dit khun
ca dung dch nano bc

Vi khun kh sulphate EPCKK2 phn lp c t mu du th


m Bch H c tn phn loi l
Desulfomicrobium baculatum, c
s dng nh gi hiu qu dit
khun ca dung dch nano bc. Dung
dch nano bc (kch thc ht bc
trung bnh 18 - 21nm) c hiu qu
dit khun kh sulphate t s lng
ban u l 106 tb/ml xung < 10tb/ml
(99%) nng 20ppm. Kt qu cho
thy dung dch nano bc c hiu qu
dit khun kh sulphate rt cao, m
ra mt hng mi th nghim ng
dng nano bc lm cht dit khun
trong cng nghip du kh Vit Nam.
DU KH - S 1/2017

53

HA - CH BIN DU KH

Ti liu tham kho


1. Li Thy Hin, ng Phng Nga. Mt s c im
sinh l, sinh ha ca mt s chng vi khun KSF phn lp t
m du Bch H. Tp ch Sinh hc. 1998; 20(2): trang 33 38.
2. Li Thu Hin, L Phi Nga. Nghin cu kh nng gy
n mn kim loi ca vi khun Desulfovibrio vulgaris. Tp ch
Sinh hc. 1992; 14(4): trang 26 - 29.
3. Catalina Marambio-Jones, Eric M.V.Hoek. A
review of the antibacterial effects of silver nanomaterials
and potential implications for human health and the
environment. Journal of Nanoparticle Research. 2010;
12(5): p.1531 - 1551.
4. Shuai He, Honglin Chen, Zanru Guo, Biqing Wang,
Chongli Tang, Yujun Feng. High-concentration silver colloid

stabilized by a cationic geminisurfactant. Colloids and


Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects.
2013; 429: p. 98 - 105.
5. G.Franci, A.Falanga, S.Galdiero, L.Palomba, M.Rai,
G.Morelli, M.Galdiero. Silver nanoparticles as potential
antibacterial agents. Molecules. 2015; 20(5): p. 8856 - 8874.
6. Sebastian Wojtysiak, Andrzej Kudelski. Influence of
oxygen on the process of formation of silver nanoparticles
during citrate/borohydride synthesis of silver sols. Colloids
and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects.
2012; 410: p. 45 - 51.
7. H.S.Shin, H.J.Yang, S.B.Kim, M.S.Lee. Mechanism
of growth of colloidal silver nanoparticles stabilized by
polyvinyl pyrrolidone in -irradiated silver nitrate solution.
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2004; 274(1):
p. 89 - 94.

Study on testing of the antibacterial effect of silver


nanoparticles on sulfate-reducing bacteria
Cu Thi Viet Nga, Trinh Thanh Son, Luong Van Tuyen
Ha Thu Huong, Kieu Anh Trung, Bui Thi Huong
Dao Thi Hai Ha, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Bich
Ngo Hong Anh, Hoang Thi Phuong
Vietnam Petroleum Institute
Email: ngactv@vpi.pvn.vn
Summary
In the oil and gas industry, sulfate-reducing bacteria can create hydrogen sulfide (H2S), thus decreasing the commercial value of crude oil, causing metal equipment corrosion and great damages to the economic efficiency and the health
of staff working on drilling rigs. Because of their strong antibacterial and environmental friendly characteristics, silver
nanoparticles have been studied and developed by scientists in the world. This paper presents some research results on
silver nanoparticle synthesis and antibacterial survey of sulfate-reducing bacteria desulfomicrobium baculatum isolated
from crude oil samples taken from Bach Ho field.
Key words: Silver nanoparticle, biocide, sulfate-reducing bacteria.

54

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

SN XUT CC SN PHM HA DU T KH THIN NHIN


M C VOI XANH
Trng Minh Hu, L Dng Hi
Nguyn Anh Tun, Nguyn Th Hoi n
Vin Du kh Vit Nam
Email: huetm@pvpro.com.vn

Tm tt

M kh C Voi Xanh c pht hin nm 2011 vi tr lng ln (khong 150 t m3 thu hi) m ra c hi pht trin
ngnh cng nghip ha du t kh ti min Trung Vit Nam. Ngoi nh hng kh s dng cho in v cng nghip,
Tp on Du kh Vit Nam u tin s dng khong 1,7 t m3/nm kh C Voi Xanh (tng ng vi 1,0 t m3/nm kh
hydrocarbon) cho vic pht trin ha du t kh. Kh C Voi Xanh vi c tnh giu CO2 (~30% th tch), hng ch bin
ha du ph hp l sn xut methanol vi sn lng ln ri chuyn ha methanol thnh cc olefin bng cng ngh
methanol to propylene (MTP) hay methanol to olefin (MTO) v t sn xut cc dn xut ca olefin. Qua sng lc s
b v th trng, cng ngh v hiu qu kinh t, mt s sn phm dn xut ca olefin tim nng gm: chui ethylene
(HDPE, SM/PS, MMA) v chui propylene (PP Copo, cc ha cht acrylic acid, 2-EH, n-butanol v cc dn xut 2-EHA,
n-butyl acrylate). T cc sn phm tim nng, 6 s t hp ha du t kh C Voi Xanh vi tiu hao kh khong 1,7 t
m3/nm c xut v nh gi v kha cnh k thut v kinh t. Trong , 3 t hp c nh gi kh thi v mt kinh
t gm: t hp MTP sn xut PP Copo, t hp MTO sn xut PP-PS-ha cht hoc sn xut PS-MMA v ha cht. Tuy
nhin, qua nh gi y cc tiu ch v cng ngh sn xut, kh nng tiu th sn phm, tng mc u t v hiu qu
kinh t ca ca cc s t hp, t hp MTP sn xut PP Copo c nh gi ph hp nht u t sau khi m kh C
Voi Xanh i vo khai thc nm 2023.
T kha: C Voi Xanh, ha du t kh, ch bin su kh.
1. Cc gi thit v phng php lun
Cc gi thit v ngun thng tin d liu c s dng
trong nghin cu:
- Thi im kh thin nhin m C Voi Xanh c
a vo khai thc t nm 2023;
- Thnh phn, tnh cht kh C Voi Xanh s dng cho
sn xut ha du c gi nh l kh C Voi Xanh sau x
l H2S bng phng php hp th vt l, khng tch loi
CO2 v N2. Thnh phn c bn kh C Voi Xanh gm: CH4
58,52%, CO2 30,5%, N2 9,05%, C2+ 1,93%, H2S < 30ppmv;
- nh hng sn xut ha du t kh C Voi Xanh k
tha t cc kt qu nghin cu trc l i theo hng sn
xut methanol, s dng methanol sn xut cc olefin
sau sn xut cc dn xut khc. Nghin cu ny s xc
nh c th cc dn xut ca ethylene/propylene nn sn
xut trn c s r sot th trng cng nh cp nht cc
yu t v cng ngh v hiu qu kinh t;

+ Cc bo co th trng CEH 2014 (IHS) ca hn 300


sn phm ha cht trn th gii, cc khu vc v mt s
quc gia;
+ Thng tin d liu kinh t v sn xut theo ti liu PEP
Yearbook 2014 (IHS) ca hn 1.400 quy trnh trn th gii;
+ D bo gi di hn ca cc sn phm ha du v
cc sn phm trung gian theo cc kch bn gi du 45, 70
v 100USD/thng do Nexant thc hin.
Phng php thc hin ca nhm tc gi gm cc
bc chnh nh Hnh 1.
2. Cc sn phm tim nng
Cc tiu ch xc nh sn phm tim nng:
- Thiu ht ni a: c tnh thiu ht ni a ln
hn khong cng sut ti thiu ca dy chuyn sn xut
(theo thng k ca PEP Yearbook);

- Cc c s thng tin d liu tnh ton phc v cho


nghin cu gm:

- Tim nng xut khu l sn phm c tim nng


xut khu khu vc chu : tc tng trng nhu cu
> 20%/nm (tng ng 3,5%/nm) hoc t l nhu cu
nm 2018/cng sut nm 2013 > 1;

+ Thng tin cung cp t cc nh bn quyn cng


ngh Haldor Topsoe (nh my methanol), UOP (nh my
MTO), Lurgi (nh my MTP);

- Chui cng ngh kh thi l dn xut ca cc olefin


(ethylene v propylene), tiu hao nguyn liu chnh trong

Ngy nhn bi: 13/6/2016. Ngy phn bin nh gi v sa cha: 14/6 - 10/7/2016. Ngy bi bo c duyt ng: 22/12/2016.
DU KH - S 1/2017

55

HA - CH BIN DU KH

1,400

nh hng Ha du
t kh C Voi Xanh
Thiu ht trong nc

Sn phm
tim nng
Cngsut tham chiu

Cu 2018/Cung 2013

1,200

So snh hiu qu kinh t

5 MTA
LLDPE

PC
Caprolactam
N-butanol

III

Xu hng khu vc chu

HDPE

LDPE

1,300

SM
Oxo Chemicals
PP

Acrylonitrile
rile

1,100
1,00

EEVA
VA
NH3

900

AN
PO
Cumene
Acetone Phenol Diisocyanates
MMA
P
olyyaceetal R
esins
Polyacetal
Resins
Bisphenol
Bisp
phen
nol A
l Acid
d
Polyester PolyolsAcrylic
Formaldehyde
VCMAcrylates

SBR

PET

Nylon 6

700

Methanol

Polyester
Fibers
Ethanolamines

2-EH
EH
H

800

I
EO

ABS
PVCCyclohexane

600
PS
IV

xut T hp
d n
Cngnghsn xut

II

500
0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 12%
Tc tng trng nhu cu

Ngun: IHS, PVPro

nh gi hiu qu kinh t

Nghincu th trng

Hnh 3. Bn d bo th trng ha cht khu vc chu nm 2018

qu trnh sn xut khi kt ni trong t hp ph hp vi


cng sut ethylene/propylene t qu trnh MTO/MTP;

Kh nng sn xut
ca T hp

- Hiu qu kinh t: c tnh hiu qu kinh t s


b cc d n sn xut cc sn phm ha du (ring l)
bng t sut sinh li ni ti (IRR).
Danh mc cc sn phm ha cht tim nng nht
c xut gm:

Kt lun &
xut

- Chui ethylene:

Hnh 1. Phng php thc hin nghin cu

+ PE (HDPE);
+ Nhm SM/PS;

PE (HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE, EVA)

+ Nhm MMA;

Ethyl Acetate
Acetic Acid

Ethylene

Vinyl Acetate

VCM

PVC

MMA

PMMA
(Acrylic Resin)

MEG

PET fiber

Ethylene Vinyl
Acetate resin

- Chui propylene:
+ PP (Copo);
+ Nhm cc ha cht: Acrylic acid, nhm oxo
alcohol (gm 2-EH, n-butanol) v cc dn xut (gm
2-EHA, n-butyl acrylate).

Polystyrene (PS)
ABS

3. Cng ngh sn xut cc sn phm ha du

SBR

3.1. Chuyn ha kh thin nhin thnh methanol

Styrene

UPR

Cng ngh sn xut methanol gm 2 giai on:


- Giai on 1: Sn xut kh tng hp (H2 + CO). Kh
thin nhin s c chuyn ha thnh kh tng hp
iu kin nhit cao vi s c mt ca xc tc (Ni),
qua 2 phn ng chnh sau:

PP (Copolymer, Homolymer)
Acrylic Acid

2- Ethylhexyl
Acrylate

2-Ethylhexanol
Propylene

N-Butanol

N-Butyl
Acrylate

Steam reforming: CH4 + H2O CO + 3H2


Epoxy resin

Phenol
Cumene
Acetone
Propylene
Oxide

Polyol ,
Polyethers

Bisphenol A

Polycarbonate
(PC)

MMA

PMMA

Polyurethane
(PU)

Hnh 2. Cc hng sn xut dn xut t ethylene v propylene

56

DU KH - S 1/2017

Water shift: CO + H2O CO2 + H2


Ngoi ra, khi c mt CO2 trong kh thin nhin v
xc tc thch hp, trong qu trnh sn xut kh tng
hp cn xy ra phn ng reforming kh sau:
Dry reforming: CH4 + CO2 2CO + 2H2

PETROVIETNAM

Bng 1. nh gi tim nng th trng ha cht khu vc chu


Thiu ht ni a
TT

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

Sn phm
PE
HDPE
LDPE
LLDPE
PP
PP Homo
PP Copo impact
PETxs
VCM
PVC
PTA
Methanol
PS
ABS
EVA
Polyete polyol
UPR
MEG
Acrylic resin (PMMA)
SM
PU
Polyamides (Nylon)
Polycarbonate (PC)
Ethyl acetate
2-Ethylhexanol (2-EH)
Butyl acrylate (n-BA)
Epoxyd
Diphenylmethane diisocyanate
DOP
MMA
Toluene diisocyanate
POM
Acetic acid
Acetone
SBR

Nm 2014

Nm 2022

-1050
-527
-373
-149
-860
-493
-129
-329
-251
-206
-206
-140
-126
-107
-103
-94
-83
-78
-68
-65
-58
-58
-53
-50
-26
-28
-22
-21
-20
-18
-17
-13
-12
-11
-55

-704
-379
-218
-98
-403
-484
-220
-217
0
-584
-296
-282
-294
-206
-232
-156
-88
-122
-95
-84
-88
-71
-77
-87
-27
-41
-31
-33
-37
-10
-32
-23
-17
-15
-105

Th trng chu nm 2013 - 2018


Cng sut ti
Nhu cu nm
thiu (nghn Tng trng
2018/cng
Nhm(*)
tn/nm)
nhu cu (%)
sut nm 2013
5,6
I
6,0
1,33
175
I
4,0
1,27
I
200
6,8
1,31
I
200
5,9
1,15
63
I
100
6,3
0,86
II
225
4,9
0,93
250
II
4,0
0,71
50
II
6,0
0,94
II
125
9,9
1,08
I
2,3
0,56
IV
57
3,8
0,75
II
25
3,5
0,99
23
II
6,5
1,00
II
5
4,8
0,96
II
15
4,3
1,82
I
200
4,2
0,74
II
5
4,1
1,23
I
227
5,3
3
2,6
0,72
IV
2
4,7
1,28
I
12
5,0
0,81
II
50
4,8
1,12
I
17
5,0
0,94
II
50
4,5
1
6,0
1,04
II
5
6,0
34
4,9
1,05
I
45
6,0
1,04
II
23
6,3
1,01
10
II
5,0
0,76
60
II
4,8
1,07
I
34
4,1
0,86
II
35

Ngun: Thng tin thng mi, s liu hi quan, IHS, PVPro


(*)
Phn nhm v th trng chu theo bn ha cht ti Hnh 3.

Bng 2. Hiu qu kinh t ca cc d n sn xut sn phm ha du


TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Sn phm
Methanol
POM
Ethylene, MTO 1:1
Ethylene, MTO advanced
HDPE
LDPE
LLDPE
EVA
Acetic acid
Vinyl acetate
Ethyl acetate

Cng sut,
(nghn tn/nm)
1.200
20
172
187
189
185
190
120
200
50
50

Nguyn liu chnh


Kh thin nhin m C Voi Xanh
Methanol
Methanol
Methanol
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene, vinyl acetate
Ethylene
Acetic acid, acetylene
Ethylene, acetic acid

IRR (%)
7,6
6,8
4,9
6,6
10,9
1,4
8,1
-0,7
0,4
DU KH - S 1/2017

57

HA - CH BIN DU KH

Bng 2. Hiu qu kinh t ca cc d n sn xut sn phm ha du (tip)


TT

Sn phm

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

VCM
PVC
MMA
PMMA
MEG
PET
Styrene
PS
SBR
ABS
UPR
Propylene, MTP
PP Homo
PP Copo impact
Acrylic acid
2-EHA
2-EH
DOP
n-Butanol
n-Butyl acrylate
Cumene
Acetone
MMA
Phenol
BPA
PC
Epoxy
PO
Polyol, polyether
PU

Cng sut,
(nghn tn/nm)
398
394
240
20
228
400
428
200
140
100
90
338
300
360
210
50
60
35
50
85
148
68
100
110
109
100
30
102
127
60

Nguyn liu chnh


Ethylene
VCM
Ethylene, methanol, formaldehyde
MMA
Ethylene
MEG, PTA
Ethylene, benzene
Styrene
Styrene, butadiene
Acrylonitril, butadiene, styrene
Styrene
Methanol
Propylene
Propylene, ethylene
Propylene
Acrylic acid, 2-EH
Propylene
2-EH
Propylene
n-Butanol, acrylic acid
Propylene, benzene
Cumene
Acetone
Cumene
Phenol
BPA
Phenol, epichlorohydrin
Propylene
PO, EO
Polyol, polyether

IRR (%)
-2,6
26,1
4,1
17,7
15,8
10,6
1,3
16,9
-4,3
22,8
11,8
7,6
5,6
11,5
12,3
1,3
26,4
26,7
34,9
-

Ngun: PVPro

Water shift: CO2 + H2 CO + H2O


- Giai on 2: Chuyn ha kh tng hp thnh
methanol.
2H2 + CO CH3OH
Khi c mt CO2 v xc tc thch hp, trong qu trnh
tng hp methanol cn c phn ng sau:
3H2 + CO2 CH3OH + H2O
Cng ngh chuyn ha kh thin nhin thnh
methanol c thng mi ha rng ri trn th
gii vi nhiu nh bn quyn. Trong , Haldor Topsoe
c nhiu kinh nghim nht vi cc nh my hin ang
vn hnh trn th gii. Qua qu trnh trao i thng tin,
Haldor Topsoe xut phng n chuyn ha kh C Voi
Xanh vi tnh cht u vo nh thnh phn sau x l H2S
bng cng ngh hp th vt l, khng tch loi CO2 v
N2 nh Hnh 4.
58

DU KH - S 1/2017

Vi cng sut d kin l 1.200 tn methanol, lng kh


C Voi Xanh cn phi s dng cho nh my khong 1,67
triu m3/nm.
3.2. Chuyn ha methanol thnh cc olefin
3.2.1. Chuyn ha methanol thnh cc olefin (MTO)
MTO l mt cng ngh mi c thng mi ha
trn th gii vi nh bn quyn tiu biu l UOP. Trong
quy trnh cng ngh ny, UOP s dng h thng gm 1
thit b phn ng dng tng si v 1 thit b ti sinh xc
tc chuyn ha methanol thnh olefin (C3= v C2=) vi
xc tc c quyn SAPO-34 do UOP sng ch.
UOP xut cng ngh MTO vi ty chn b sung
thm cm Cracking Olefin (OCP - Olefin Cracking Process).
Mt phn hoc ton b phn on sn phm t C4 n
C6 c th tip tc c a qua cm OCP chuyn ha
chn lc thnh cc sn phm olefin nh m ch yu l

PETROVIETNAM

SN PHM
HYDROGEN

PSA

KH THI

KH NHIN
LIU

HYDROGEN HI LU

KH NGUYN
LIU

KH LU
HUNH

REFORMING

VNG TNG
HP

NN
SYNGAS

KHNG
KH T

CHNG CT

SN PHM
METHANOL

HI CNG NGH
HI TNG
HP MEOH
TCH
CONDENSATE CONDENSATE RU BC CAO
CNG NGH

NC D
HI THP P
HI CONDENSATE
CHUN
B NC TURBIN V CHUN B
KH
BFW
KHONG

NC B
SUNG

BLOW DOWN

Hnh 4. S cng ngh tng hp methanol ca Haldor Topsoe


Kh ti sinh

MTO

Thu hi
DME

Ethylene

Thu hi
olefin

Propylene
C4 +

Khng
kh

Nc

OCP
Tch
lc

Methanol

Sn phm ph

Hnh 5. S cng ngh MTO ci tin ca UOP


Methanol 1,667 triu tn/nm
= 5.000 tn/ngy

Kh nhin liu
dng ni b

L tin
phn
ng
DME

Ethylene
20.000 tn/nm

Propylene
474.000 tn/nm(*)

iu ha
sn phm

LPG 41.000
tn/nm

Xng 185.000

L phn ng MTP
Olefin hi lu

Ct phn on
sn phm

tn/nm

Nc hi lu
(*)

Propylene tinh khit 99,9%

Nc cng ngh 935.000 tn/


nm dng ni b

Hnh 6. S quy trnh cng ngh MTP ca Lurgi


Bng 3. So snh kinh nghim p dng cng ngh MTO v MTP
S bn quyn
Nh my hot ng
D n ang trin khai

MTO (trong
ca UOP)
4 (1)
12 (6)

MTP (Lurgi)
2
2

propylene. i vi cng ngh ny, trung bnh c


2,6 tn methanol s sn xut ra c 1 tn hn
hp olefin. T l c trng gia dng sn phm
propylene v ethylene trong cm thit b OCP l
khong 4:1. Vi vic b sung thm cm OCP, t l
gia propylene/ethylene thng phm trn ton
quy trnh cng ngh s nng ln trong khong
t 1,24 n 1,8. Cc sn phm thu c t cm
OCP sau s c phn tch bi thp chng ct
phn on. Cc sn phm C3 v phn on nh
hn s c a ti cm thu hi sn phm MTO,
cn phn cn li bao gm C4 v cc phn on
nng hn c s dng nh l mt loi nhin liu
sn phm ph.
3.2.2. Chuyn ha methanol thnh propylene (MTP)
Cng ngh chuyn ha methanol thnh
propylene c t lu v thng mi ha trn
th gii vi nh bn quyn tiu biu l Lurgi vi
cng ngh Lurgi Methanol to Propylene (MTP)
Technology v Gas to Propylene (GTP) Technology.
Trong cng ngh MTP, Lurgi s dng h thng
gm 3 thit b phn ng tng c nh mc song
song v xc tc c chn lc cao trn nn cht
mang zeolite.
Cn bng vt cht ca t hp MTP c tnh
vi lng methanol nhp liu tng ng l 5.000
tn/ngy v 3.300 tn/ngy. Sn phm chnh l C3=
v C2=. Cc sn phm ph gm c kh nhin liu

Ngun: Technon OrbiChem, UOP, Lurgi


DU KH - S 1/2017

59

HA - CH BIN DU KH

Bng 4. So snh c cu sn phm 2 cng ngh MTO v MTP

(c tn dng cung cp cho


quy trnh), LPG v xng.
3.2.3. So snh cc hng chuyn ha
methanol thnh olefin
- Kinh nghim v phm vi p
dng
Cc cng ngh chuyn ha
methanol thnh olefin ch c p
dng ti Trung Quc, trong cng
ngh MTO (bn quyn ca UOP v
cc cng ty khc ca Trung Quc)
c p dng nhiu hn so vi MTP.
Vi c trng v chn lc
sn phm olefin ch c propylene,
do cng ngh MTP ph hp
vi cc d n ch tp trung vo sn
phm propylene.
- C cu sn phm

MTO
(t l propylene/ethylene
= 1,24)
Tn/ngy
%
3.300

Nguyn liu
Methanol
Sn phm
Propylene
Ethylene
LPG
Hydrocarbon C5+
Light Ends & Coke
Tng olefin
Tng sn phm gi tr

696
561
33
46
109

MTP
Tn/ngy
5.000

21
17
1
1
3
38
44

1423
60
123
556
36

28
1
2
11
1
29
44

Ngun: Technon OrbiChem, UOP, Lurgi


Bng 5. So snh chi ph u t cng ngh MTO v MTP
Chi ph
Cng sut (nghn tn olefin/nm)
Tng vn u t (triu USD)
Sut u t
Triu USD/tn methanol
Triu USD/tn olefin

MTO (UOP)
550
~ 400

MTP (Lurgi)
515
~ 215

0,10
0,71

0,16
0,51

Ngun: PEP Year Book 2014

So snh s b v c cu sn
phm ca 2 cng ngh MTO v
MTP cho thy mc d tng sn
phm c gi tr tng ng (44%)
nhng cng ngh MTO c tch
hp OCP cho lng olefin cao hn
(38%), lng ethylene ln cn cng
ngh MTP cho sn phm ch yu
l propylene. Ngoi ra, cng ngh
MTO c sn phm l phn on C5+
tng i ln, c hm lng olefin
(30 - 60%) v aromatic (15 - 60%)
tng i cao nn hn ch nht
nh trong vic s dng pha ch
xng.
- Cu hnh cng ngh v chi
ph u t
Xt v cu hnh cng ngh,
cng ngh MTO s dng thit b
phn ng tng si (v thm cm
cracking sn phm ph OCP khi
c yu cu nng t l propylene/
ethylene) cn cng ngh MTP s
dng thit b phn ng tng c
nh. Do , chi ph u t ca cng
ngh MTO cao hn so vi cng
ngh MTP.

0,044 t

m3

Steam reforming
1,2 t m3

H2

Kh t, C4-C5
40 nghn tn/nm

MTP 1.100
MeOH 1.200 1.100
nghn tn/nm
nghn tn/nm nghn
tn/nm
100
nghn
tn/nm

Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut
192 nghn thng/ngy

331 nghn PP Copo 360


tn/nm nghn tn/nm
C3 =

100 nghn
tn/nm
MeOH
1,7 t m3 kh
C Voi Xanh (60%
CH4, 30% CO2, 10%
N2)

Hnh 7. S t hp ha du MTP - PP

Kh t, C4-C5
40 nghn
tn/nm

0,044 t m3 H2

Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut
192 nghn thng/ngy
71 nghn tn/nm
Propylene

Steam Reforming
1,2 t m3

MeOH
1.200 nghn
tn/nm

1.100
nghn
tn/nm

100 nghn
tn/nm
100 nghn tn/nm
MeOH
1,7 t m3 kh CVX
(60% CH4, 30% CO2,
10% N2)

MTP
1.100 nghn
tn/nm

331
nghn 81 nghn 2-EH 100 nghn
62 nghn tn/nm
tn/nm tn/nm tn/nm
2-EH
C3 =
38 nghn tn/nm
2-EHA
50 nghn tn/nm
50 nghn
2-EHA
tn/nm
20 nghn tn/nm
144 nghn
tn/nm AA 210 nghn
140 nghn
tn/nm
tn/nm AA
50 nghn tn/nm
n-Butyl Acrylate
85 nghn tn/nm
85 nghn
n-Butyl acrylate
tn/nm
35 nghn
50 nghn tn/nm
n-Butanol
tn/nm
50 nghn
tn/nm

Hnh 8. S t hp MTP - ha cht

60

DU KH - S 1/2017

360 nghn
tn/nm
PP Copo

PETROVIETNAM

Kt qu nh gi s b cho
thy cng ngh MTO c p
dng nhiu hn so vi cng
ngh MTP do sn xut ng thi
c ethylene v propylene, c th
linh hot trong vic thay i sn
phm. Tuy nhin, cng ngh
MTO c sut u t cao hn so
vi cng ngh MTP. Do , vic
nh gi la chn cng ngh
ph hp cho d n s dng kh
C Voi Xanh cn c tnh ton
thng qua hiu qu kinh t ca
ton b d n.

Kh t, C4 - C5
15 nghn
tn/nm

0,044 t m3 H2

Steam
Reforming
1,2 t m3

- Sn lng methanol sn
xut c t 1,7 t m3 kh C
Voi Xanh, sn lng ethylene,
propylene c tnh t cc xng
MTO, MTP;
- Cng sut tham chiu trn
th gii cho vic sn xut cc sn
phm ha du (tc mc cng
sut trung bnh theo thng k
trong ti liu PEP Yearbook 2014).

170 nghn
tn/nm
C2 =

MTO (Ci tin, P/E


=1,24) 1.100 nghn
tn/nm

MeOH
1.200 nghn
tn/nm
100 nghn
tn/nm

20 nghn
tn/nm
C2 =

100 nghn
tn/nm
MeOH

230 nghn tn/nm


C3 =

HDPE
170 nghn
tn/nm

170 nghn
tn/nm
HDPE

PP Copo
250 nghn
tn/nm

250 nghn
tn/nm PP
Copo

1,7 t m3 kh
C Voi Xanh
(60% CH4,
30% CO2, 10% N2)

Hnh 9. S t hp ha du MTO - PE/PP

4. Cc t hp ha du t kh C
Voi Xanh
T cc dn xut ca ethylene
v propylene ni trn, nhm tc
gi lp 2 m hnh t hp ha du
MTP v 4 m hnh MTO tip
tc nh gi. C s xc nh cng
sut cho cc phn xng gm:

Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut
192 nghn thng/ngy

0,044 t m3 H 2

Kh t, C4-C5
15 nghn tn/nm
Steam
Reforming
1,2 t m3

50 nghn
tn/nm

Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut
192 nghn thng/ngy

MeOH
1.200 nghn
tn/nm

232 nghn
tn/nm
C3 =

MTO (Ci tin,


P/E = 1,24)
1.100 nghn tn/nm

100 nghn
tn/nm

145 nghn
tn/nm

187 nghn
tn/nm C2 =

100 nghn
tn/nm
MeOH

HDPE
190 nghn
tn/nm
1,7 t m3 kh
C Voi Xanh
(60% CH4, 30% CO2,
10% N2)

35 nghn
tn/nm

190 nghn
tn/nm
HDPE

2-EH
22 nghn tn/nm
60 nghn
2-EH
tn/nm
38 nghn
tn/nm
2-EHA
50 nghn tn/nm
50 nghn
2-EHA
tn/nm
20 nghn
tn/nm
AA
210 nghn
tn/nm

140 nghn tn/nm


AA

50 nghn
tn/nm
n-Butyl
85 nghn tn/nm
Acrylate
n-Butyl
85 nghn
Acrylate
tn/nm
50 nghn
tn/nm
n-Butanol
50 nghn
tn/nm

Hnh 10. S t hp ha du MTO - PE/ha cht

0,044 t

m3

H2

Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut
192 nghn thng/ngy
Kh t, C4-C5
15 nghn tn/nm

5. Th trng sn phm
Cc sn phm tim nng c
th trng kh tt ti khu vc
chu vi nhu cu tiu th cao
hn so vi sn lng cung cp
v tc tng trng nhu cu
tng i cao trong giai on
2014 - 2019 theo d bo ca IHS.
Cc sn phm c th trng tiu
th mnh trong khu vc gm:
methanol, styrene monomer v
cc sn phm ht nha nh PE,
PP, PS. Cc sn phm ha cht
nh acrylic acid, 2-ethylhexanol,

Steam
Reforming
1,2 t m3

MeOH
1.200 nghn
tn/nm
100 nghn
tn/nm

232 nghn
MTO
tn/nm
(Ci tin, P/E =1,24)
C3 =
1.100 nghn tn/nm
187 nghn
tn/nm C2 =

100 nghn
tn/nm
MeOH

1,7 t m3 kh
C Voi Xanh (60% CH4,
30% CO2, 10% N2)

PP Copo
250 nghn
tn/nm
20 nghn
tn/nm

MMA
240 nghn
tn/nm

92 nghn
tn/nm

250 nghn
tn/nm
PP Copo

SM
320 nghn
tn/nm

75 nghnn
tn/nm
m

240 nghn
tn/nm
MMA

PS
200 nghn
tn/nm

200 nghn
tn/nm PS

120 nghn
tn/nm
SM

Hnh 11. S t hp ha du MTO - PP/SM-PS-MMA


DU KH - S 1/2017

61

HA - CH BIN DU KH

Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut
192 nghn thng/ngy

0,044 t m3 H2

MeOH
1.200 nghn
tn/nm

75 nghn
MTO
MMA
tn/nm
(Ci tin, P/E =1,24)
240 nghn
187 nghn
tn/nm
1.100 nghn tn/nm tn/nm C
2=

100 nghn
tn/nm
100 nghn
tn/nm
MeOH

200 nghn
tn/nm PS

200 nghn tn/nm


115 nghn
tn/nm SM 400 nghn
200 nghn
tn/nm SM
tn/nm

Kh t, C4-C5
15 nghn tn/nm

Steam
Reforming
1,2 t m3

PS 200 nghn
tn/nm

232 nghn
tn/nm C3 =
50 nghn
tn/nm

2-EH 60 nghn
tn/nm

240 nghn
tn/nm MMA

22 nghn
tn/nm 2-EH

38 nghn tn/nm
2-EHA 50
nghn tn/nm
1,7 t m3 kh C Voi
Xanh (60% CH4, 30%
CO2, 10% N2)

50 nghn
tn/nm 2-EHA

20 nghn tn/nm
145 nghn
tn/nm

AA 210 nghn
tn/nm

140 nghn
tn/nm AA

50 nghn tn/nm
n-Butyl Acrylate
85 nghn
tn/nm
35 nghn
tn/nm

85 nghn
tn/nm n-BA

MMA v cc acrylate esters c


lng th trng khim tn
mc trn 2 triu tn/nm.
Sn lng sn xut cc sn
phm nghin cu ti khu vc
chu kh cao tuy nhin nng
lc tiu th cao hn v khng
ngng tng trng dn n
tnh trng thiu ht chung khi
xt trn phm vi ton khu vc.
Cc quc gia nhp khu chnh
gm: Trung Quc, Nht Bn,
n , Hn Quc v mt s
quc gia ng Nam .
Ngun sn phm ha du
phc v th trng trong nc
ch yu phi nhp khu, c
bit l ht nha PE v PP.
i vi nha PS, Cng ty
TNHH Polystyrene Vit Nam
nhp khu hon ton nguyn
liu SM sn xut nha PS.

50 nghn tn/nm
n-Butanol
50 nghn tn/nm

Hnh 12. S t hp ha du MTO - ha cht/SM-PS-MMA


Bng 6. Th trng cc sn phm tim nng ti khu vc chu
Sn phm
(*)

Methanol
HDPE
PP
AA(*)
2-EH
Acrylate esters(*)(**)
SM
GP/HIPS
PS
EPS
MMA

Sn lng
2014
30
14
26
2,4
2,6
2,1
14
5,2
3,7
1,8

2014
37
17
29
2,7
2,7
2,1
16
4,8
3,3
1,7

Tiu th
2019
Tng trng (%)
61
9,9
23
6,0
38
5,9
3,4
5,2
3,2
3,6
2,6
5,0
20
4,1
5,3
2,1
3,8
2,7
2,2
4,9

n v tnh: Triu tn

Nc nhp khu
Trung Quc, n , Nht Bn, Hn Quc
Trung Quc, n
Trung Quc
Nht Bn, n , i Loan, Thi Lan
Trung Quc, n
Nht Bn, n , Thi Lan
Trung Quc, n , i Loan
Trung Quc
n , cc nc ng Nam
Trung Quc, Hn Quc, i Loan

(*) S liu nm 2013 - 2018; (**) Acrylate esters gm: n-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-EHA, methyl acrylate v cc acrylate khc

Bng 7. D bo nhu cu cc sn phm tim nng n nm 2030 ti Vit Nam

n v tnh: Nghn tn

Nhu cu
% tng trng Cng sut
Sn phm
ng dng
d kin
2014 2020 2025 2030 (2015 - 2030)
HDPE
527
781
908 1.012
4,0
450
Cc sn phm c thi
Dt si, nha cng nghip, nha gia dng, bao b mm,
PP
854 1.286 1.532 1.762
4,5
976
bao b rng
PS
180
302
424
531
6,9
128
Nha gia dng, nha cng nghip, cc thit b in t
2-EH
26
27
27
27
27
Nguyn liu sn xut DOP
SM
67
153
167
178
4,0
Nguyn liu sn xut nha PS, dung mi
Methanol
140
293
322
348
7,3
Sn xut formalin
MMA
18
31
46
58
7,6
Nguyn liu sn xut nha acrylic
AA
1
2
2
3
6,6
Nguyn liu ngnh keo dn, dt nhum, polymer nh
Ngun: PVPro

62

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

Doanh nghip ny sn xut khong 54 nghn tn/nm,


p ng 30% tng nhu cu trong nc nm 2014.

lng tiu th khng ng k ti Vit Nam, do c


nh hng xut khu n cc nc trong khu vc.

Th trng methanol trong nc phc v cho ngnh


sn xut formalin, vi lng tiu th nm 2014 khong
140 nghn tn. i vi cc d n sn xut ha du t kh
C Voi Xanh, methanol ng vai tr sn phm trung gian
chuyn ha thnh cc olefin gi tr cao, c th xem xt
xut bn khong 100 nghn tn/nm phc v nhu cu
trong nc.

6. Tng mc u t - Hiu qu kinh t cc t hp


6.1. C s tnh ton
- Tng mc u t cc t hp c tnh ton da
trn c s d liu PEP Yearbook 2014 (IHS), thng tin nh
bn quyn cng ngh v kinh nghim thc hin bo co
nghin cu kh thi cc d n ha du ca Trung tm
Nghin cu v Pht trin Ch bin Du kh (PVPro) - Vin
Du kh Vit Nam (VPI).

2-EH l nguyn liu dng sn xut DOP, c


nhp khu ch yu phc v nhu cu cho nh my sn
xut DOP ca Cng ty TNHH Ha cht LG VINA cng sut
40 nghn tn/nm. Do , nhu cu tiu th 2-EH s ph
thuc vo nhu cu sn xut (tng thm/m rng cng
sut) ca nh my.

- Vng i d n: 20 nm;
- C cu vn vay/vn ch s hu:
+ 70% vn vay, li sut vay Vit Nam ng 10%/nm;

MMA, AA v n-butyl acrylate c dng lm nguyn


liu sn xut nha acrylic, hoc lm ph gia cho cc
ngnh cng nghip sn, polymer nh, keo dn. Hin nay,
Vit Nam ch c mt s nh my sn xut nha acrylic,
dng sn xut keo dn v mica tm. Nha mica tm
ngy cng c ngi tiu dng a chung do tnh
nng do v khng dn in, nhit nn kh nng sn
xut nha acrylic cng t tng ln. Do vy, nhu cu
tiu th cc nguyn liu MMA, AA, n-butyl acrylate ny
s ph thuc vo nhu cu sn xut v tiu th ca nha
acrylic.

+ 30% vn ch s hu, chi ph s dng vn ch s


hu c tnh l 12%/nm (trong trng hp nh u t
nc ngoi u t s i hi chi ph s dng vn cao hn,
khong 20%/nm).
- Chi ph s dng vn bnh qun ca d n (WACC):
9,2%/nm;
- IRRmin d n: 13,2% (theo Quyt nh s 1531/QDKVN ngy 29/2/2012 v vic ban hnh Quy nh v quy
trnh v tiu ch nh gi, thm nh v quyt nh u t
cc d n ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam (ngoi tr cc d
n tm kim - thm d - khai thc du kh));

Cc loi ha cht khc nh n-butanol v 2-EHA c

Bng 8. Kt qu tnh ton hiu qu kinh t cc t hp


MTP
Tiu ch
IRR
NPV@IRRmin
Tng mc u t

n v tnh
%
Triu USD
Triu USD

Thi gian hon vn


Gi kh ti a chp nhn c(*)
(*)

USD/mmBtu

Ha cht

PP

PE/PP

PE/Ha cht

11,0
-250
1.854
7 nm
2 thng
7,9

13,7
32
1.087
5 nm
9 thng
9,5

9,7
-353
1.708
7 nm
11 thng
7,2

9,0
-595
2.473
8 nm
5 thng
5,7

MTO
PP/SM-PSMMA
15,9
490
2.733
4 nm
10 thng
11,9

Ha cht/ SMPS-MMA
14,3
252
3.535
5 nm
5 thng
10,7

Gi kh ti nm u tin vn hnh (nm 2023)

Bng 9. Kt qu chm im xp hng cc t hp ha du (thang im 10)


Cm MTP
Tiu ch
Tng mc u t
Gi kh ti a chp nhn c
Tiu th trong nc
Th trng khu vc
% nguyn liu trong t hp/tng nguyn liu
im trung bnh
Xp hng

Cm MTO

Ha cht

PP

PE/PP

PE/Ha cht

6,9
3,4
5,4
7,5
10,0
6,6
4

10,0
6,1
6,8
10,0
9,9
8,6
1

7,5
2,4
9,3
10,0
10,0
7,8
2

4,3
0,0
6,5
8,5
10,0
5,9
5

PP/SM-PS- Ha cht /SMMMA


PS-MMA
3,3
0,0
10,0
8,0
6,8
4,6
7,6
7,0
8,3
8,0
7,2
5,5
3
6
DU KH - S 1/2017

63

HA - CH BIN DU KH

- Khu hao u trong thi gian 10 nm;


- Thu thu nhp doanh nghip: 20%/nm;
- Gi cc sn phm, nguyn liu p dng cho cc d
n c cn c trn gi d bo Nexant theo kch bn c
s gi du trung bnh (70USD/thng du Brent) n nm
2035. Trong , gi xut khu c tnh thp hn khong
5% so vi gi bn trong nc;
- Gi kh thin nhin c p theo cng thc bng
79% so vi gi du FO (quy i theo nhit tr). Gi du FO
c d bo n nm 2035 theo cn c kch bn gi du
Brent trung bnh c thc hin bi Nexant;
- Ngoi ra, mt s gi cc sn phm, nguyn liu
khc (khng c ngun gc t du kh) c da trn b
d liu v gi theo PEP Yearbook 2014 v d bo tng 2%/
nm. Tiu hao nguyn liu v sn lng sn phm trong
nc c cn c theo ti liu PEP Yearbook 2014 v
thng tin t cc nh bn quyn cng ngh.
6.2. nh gi v xp hng cc t hp
Hiu qu kinh t ca 6 t hp (Bng 8) tip tc c
nh gi, chm im theo cc tiu ch t ra trong
mc tiu nghin cu ban u, nhm xp hng v xut
t hp ha du t kh thin nhin ph hp. Cc tiu ch
nh gi gm: tng mc u t, gi kh ti a chp
nhn c, th trng sn phm trong nc, th trng
khu vc, t l nguyn liu trong t hp/tng nguyn liu
(Bng 9).

sn xut in th khng c li v nng lng do khng


sinh nhit.
- T cc sn phm tim nng, 6 s t hp ha du
t kh C Voi Xanh vi tiu hao kh khong 1,7 t m3/nm
c xut v nh gi v kha cnh k thut v kinh t.
Trong , 3 t hp c nh gi kh thi v mt kinh t
gm: t hp MTP - PP, t hp MTO sn xut PP-PS-ha cht
hoc sn xut PS-MMA v ha cht. Tuy nhin, qua nh
gi y cc tiu ch v cng ngh sn xut, kh nng
tiu th sn phm, tng mc u t v hiu qu kinh t
ca ca cc s t hp, t hp MTP sn xut PP Copo
c nh gi ph hp nht u t sau khi m kh C
Voi Xanh i vo khai thc nm 2023, vi tng mc u t
gn 1,1 t USD, t hiu qu kinh t vi gi kh ti a chp
nhn c khong 9,5 USD/triu Btu ti nm 2023;
- L trnh u t t hp MTP - PP thch hp nht l
u t 2 giai on, trong nh my methanol u t
vo nm 2021 v nh my propylene, PP u t vo nm
2019. Tuy nhin, cn c cc iu kin h tr thc hin
nh cn c i tc hp tc nc ngoi m bo cung
cp n nh nguyn liu 1.100 nghn tn methanol/nm
v m bo l trnh u t cc nh my. Nu cc iu kin
h tr khng thc hin c th t hp nn u t vo 1
giai on.
Ti liu tham kho
1. Vin Du kh Vit Nam (VPI). nh gi, xp hng cc
d n ch bin su kh. 2014.

T cc phn tch, nh gi cc t hp cho thy phng


n sn xut MTP t sn xut PP l phng n ti u
u t sn xut ha du t kh C Voi Xanh khi xem xt
y cc yu t v tng mc u t, hiu qu kinh t, th
trng sn phm trong v ngoi nc cng nh mc
ch ng v nguyn liu.

2. Vin Du kh Vit Nam (VPI). So snh nh gi v


xut phng n cng ngh loi b H2S trong kh t m C
Voi Xanh. 2015.

Kt qu phn tch nhy cho thy hiu qu kinh t


cc t hp c nhy cao nht i vi gi sn phm, tip
theo l gi kh thin nhin v t l vn hnh, thp nht i
vi tng mc u t.

5. Malcolm A.Kelland. Production chemicals for the oil


and gas industry. CRC Press. 2009.

7. Kt lun

7. CEFIC. Landscape of the European chemical industry.


2014.

- nh hng ch bin su i vi kh C Voi Xanh


vi cng sut 1,7 t m3 kh thin nhin/nm l sn xut kh
tng hp, methanol, t chuyn ha thnh olefin v cc
dn xut. Vic sn xut methanol t ngun kh thin nhin
giu CO2 (30%) s tn dng c thnh phn CO2 (c nhit
tr bng 0) nn s tit kim c khong 10% nhit tr kh
u vo. Ngoi ra, nu em kh giu CO2 (30%) v N2 (10%)
64

DU KH - S 1/2017

3. IHS. Process economics program yearbook. 2014.


4. IHS. Chemical economics handbook reports. 2014.

6. ATKearney. Chemical industry vision 2030: A


European perspective. 2012.

8. Deloitte. The decade ahead - Preparing for an


unpredictable future in the global chemical industry. 2010.
9. ATKearney. Success factors for the European
chemical business - Chemicals vision 2030. Summit of
chemical, pharmaceutical, plastics and rubber industries of
Slovenia. 2012.

PETROVIETNAM

10. Foster Wheeler. Technology review report. 2015.


11. Haldor Topsoe. Petrovietnam Gas (PV Gas) Vietnam
blue whale CO2 - rich utilization methanol - EOR - 30% CO2 H2 export. Block Diagram Process Flow Diagram. 2015.

12. Abdullah Saad Dughaither. Conversion of


Dimethyl-Ether to olefins over HZSM-5: Reactivity and kinetic
modeling. The University of Western Ontario. 2014.

Production of petrochemicals from natural gas


of Ca Voi Xanh field

Summary

Truong Minh Hue, Le Duong Hai


Nguyen Anh Tuan, Nguyen Thi Hoai An
Vietnam Petroleum Institute
Email: huetm@pvpro.com.vn

The discovery of Ca Voi Xanh gas field in 2011 with a large reserve (about 150 billion m3 recoverable) opened up
the opportunity to develop a gas-based petrochemical industry in the central region of Vietnam. Besides using gas for
power generation and industrial purposes, the Vietnam Oil and Gas Group has given priority to use up to 1.7 billion
m3 of Ca Voi Xanh gas per year (equivalent to 1.0 billion m3 of hydrocarbon) for petrochemical production. With high
content of CO2 (30% vol.), the suitable processing route for Ca Voi Xanh gas is methanol production, then converting
methanol to olefins (MTO/MTP technology) and olefin derivatives. Through preliminary screening of market demand,
production technologies and economic efficiency, potential olefin derivatives were selected, including ethylene chain
(HDPE, SM/PS, and MMA) and propylene string (PP copolymer, the acrylic acids chemicals, 2-EH, n-butanol and 2-EHA
derivatives, and n-butyl acrylate). 6 petrochemical complex schemes with Ca Voi Xanh gas consumption of about 1.7
billion m3 per year were evaluated and ranked. Based on assessment criteria such as production technology, product
market opportunity, total investment and economic efficiency, the complex which has MTP technology to produce
polypropylene copolymer has been rated the most potential for investment in 2023 after Ca Voi Xanh field is put into
operation.
Key words: Ca Voi Xanh, petrochemical production from gas, deep gas processing.

DU KH - S 1/2017

65

KINH T - QUN L DU KH

PHT TRIN TH TRNG KH CHO D N KH C VOI XANH:


C HI V THCH THC
L Vit Trung, Nguyn Thu H
Nguyn Hng Dip, Nguyn Th Thu Phng
Vin Du kh Vit Nam
Email: hant@vpi.pvn.vn

Tm tt

M kh C Voi Xanh (L 118) c xem l nhn t quan trng bc u to dng th trng kh ti khu vc min
Trung vi ngun cung c tr lng ln, th trng c kh nng hp th ngun kh v l trnh nh hng pht trin th
trng r rng (t do ha th trng kh, a dng ha ngun cung). Tuy nhin, vi mt khu vc cha c nn tng th
trng kh th vic pht trin th trng kh cho d n C Voi Xanh s gp nhiu thch thc v c s h tng, gi kh, vn
k thut trong s dng ngun kh c thnh phn kh tr cao v kh nng cnh tranh vi cc ngun nng lng khc.
T kha: Pht trin th trng kh, d n kh, C Voi Xanh, nng lng.
1. C s pht trin th trng kh t nhin
Kh thin nhin chu s cnh tranh vi cc dng nhin,
nguyn liu khc trong khu tiu th, trong khi cc
khu sn xut v vn chuyn, phn phi u c tnh c
th ca hot ng khai thc ti nguyn hay h thng c
s h tng. S pht trin ca th trng kh ph thuc vo
tim nng v hot ng khai thc kh i cng vi nhu cu
v kh nng p ng nhu cu ca cc ngun cung khc
nhau [1].

(cnh tranh, c ch thng mi). Ngc li, s pht


trin ca th trng to iu kin tng tnh cnh tranh
ca kh lm tng hiu qu v mt th trng bng vic
tit gim gi v tng nhu cu, thc y ngun cung.
Khng mt nhn t ring l no c th ng vai tr chi
phi trong th trng kh t nhin [1]. Do vy, khi xem
xt s pht trin ca mt th trng kh c th cn phn
tch tng nhn t v tng ha cc mi quan h trong
th trng .

- S pht trin ca th trng (cu trc v t chc th


trng): cc trung tm kh (Hub); th trng giao ngay v
tnh ton cu ha ca th trng.

Th trng kh Vit Nam c hnh thnh t nm


1981, nhng ch thc s pht trin mnh t nm 1995 khi
cc d n thu gom kh ng hnh Bch H v cc d n
khai thc kh thng mi ti m Lan Ty, b Nam Cn Sn
tin hnh cung cp kh cho cc nh my in v cc h
cng nghip ti khu vc pha Nam. n nay, th trng
kh Vit Nam pht trin a dng vi nhiu nhm h
khch hng khc nhau: in, m, ha cht, cng nghip.
Tuy nhin, s pht trin th trng gia cc khu vc Nam
B, Trung B v Bc B khng ng u. Th trng kh
pha Nam pht trin mnh, tiu th hn 99% ngun cung
kh trong nc. Th trng min Bc tuy c hnh thnh
t rt sm (nm 1981) nhng do hn ch v ngun cung
cp nn th trng ch pht trin quy m nh. Th trng
min Trung mi ang trong giai on nghin cu to lp
ch dng kh u tin t m C Voi Xanh (L 118) do
ExxonMobil tin hnh hot ng tm kim, thm d t
nm 2009, d kin pht trin t nm 2023.

Cc nhn t nh hng n th trng kh c mi


quan h tc ng qua li ln nhau. Tng trng ngun
cung s kch thch tng nhu cu, thc y s pht trin
ca th trng kh hng ti s hon thin v mt cu
trc (b tr cc ngun cung v nhu cu) v mt t chc

M kh C Voi Xanh c xem l m kh c tr lng


pht hin ln nht Vit Nam n thi im hin nay v s
gp phn lm thay i bc tranh v th trng kh thin
nhin ti Vit Nam ni chung v ti khu vc min Trung
ni ring.

Cc nhn t chnh tc ng n th trng kh gm:


cung - cu v s t vn ng pht trin ca bn thn th
trng kh (thng qua cu trc v t chc ca th trng).
Trong , mi nhn t ngun cung, nhu cu v s thay i
trong cu trc th trng li c iu chnh/quyt nh
bi cc nhn t khc (Hnh 1):
- Cc yu t nh hng n ngun cung: cc pht
trin/pht hin mi; th trng vn chuyn kh; ngun
cung LNG v chnh sch v xut nhp khu;
- Cc yu t nh hng n nhu cu kh gm: tng
trng nn kinh t; cc chnh sch lin quan n mi
trng, ngnh in, nng lng ti to v nhu cu s
dng ca than;

Ngy nhn bi: 21/10/2016. Ngy phn bin nh gi v sa cha 22/10 - 14/11/2016. Ngy bi bo c duyt ng 22/12/2016.

66

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

Cc pht
trin mi
Tng trng
kinh t

Th trng
vn chuyn

Cng ngh:
vn chuyn
kh

Ngun cung kh

Nhu cu kh
Chnh sch:
:
- Mi trng
- Nng lng

Ngun cung
LNG

S pht trin ca th trng


Chnh sch:
Xut khu

Cng ngh

S pht trin cc Trung tm kh


Cu trc th trng
Tnh ton cu ha

Ngun: Leidos, Inc., 2014

Hnh 1. Cc nhn t nh hng, mi quan h v t chc ca th trng kh t nhin

2. Pht trin th trng kh cho d n kh C Voi Xanh


2.1. Ngun cung kh v cc yu t nh hng
M kh C Voi Xanh nm pha Nam b Sng Hng,
thuc khu vc ngoi khi cc tnh Qung Nam v Qung
Ngi. Thnh phn ch yu ca ngun kh C Voi Xanh gm:
Hydrocarbon chim t l ~60%; CO2 chim t l ~30%;
nitrogen chim t l ~10% v H2S chim t l 2.100ppm
[2]. c th a kh vo khai thc v s dng an ton,
cn u t cng ngh, thit b loi b bt hm lng lu
hunh ng thi xem xt cc loi hnh cng ngh mi
ph hp vi vic s dng ngun kh c thnh phn kh tr
cao. Ti khu vc min Trung, ln cn m C Voi Xanh cha
c m kh no v c sn h thng c s h tng kh tn
dng. V vy, pht trin d n kh C Voi Xanh s phi u
t h thng h tng ring, ng b.
C nhiu yu t c xc nh c nh hng n
ngun cung kh trong vic pht trin th trng ( c
phn tch mc 1). i vi vic pht trin th trng cho
ngun kh C Voi Xanh cc yu t nh hng c xc
nh nh sau:
2.1.1. Cc pht trin mi trong khu vc
Hin ti, trong khu vc b Sng Hng thuc min

Trung cn c pht hin kh ti m Bo Vng, tuy nhin


tr lng kh thu hi c xc nh khng ln v ang
c nghin cu kh nng pht trin cho th trng cng
nghip v ha cht/ha du ti Qung Tr v khu vc Bc
Trung B [3]. Nh vy, vi nh hng quy hoch cho m
Bo Vng do Tp on Du kh Vit Nam xut th yu t
cc pht hin mi trong khu vc dng nh khng c tc
ng n ngun cung kh cho pht trin th trng m
kh C Voi Xanh.
2.1.2. Th trng vn chuyn (kt ni cc th trng)
Th trng kh ti Vit Nam hin nay mi ch p dng 2
hnh thc vn chuyn kh l vn chuyn bng ng ng
(tng cng sut vn chuyn phn phi khong 7 t m3/
nm) v vn chuyn kh di dng kh nn CNG (ti Thi
Bnh v B Ra - Vng Tu). Tng cng ty Kh Vit Nam CTCP (PV GAS) l n v c giao qun l h thng c
s h tng phn phi kh trn th trng. Ti min Trung,
cha c h thng c s h tng phn phi kh. i vi m
kh C Voi Xanh, i cng vi cc k hoch pht trin m
l cc nghin cu v cc h tiu th v phng n phn
phi d kin bng ng ng v di dng CNG. Bn
cnh , cc h thng ng ng kt ni gia cc cm th
trng ang trong qu trnh nghin cu, do vy vic kt
DU KH - S 1/2017

67

KINH T - QUN L DU KH

ni th trng cho s pht trin m kh C Voi Xanh trong


hin ti cha c xc nh.
2.1.3. Ngun cung LNG
Theo k hoch, Vit Nam s bt u nhp khu LNG t
nm 2019, trc tin cho khu vc ng Nam B (kho cng
Th Vi) vi mc ch cp kh cho cc nh my in v b
mt phn cho lng kh khai thc trong nc suy gim.
L trnh nhp khu LNG tip theo cho khu vc Ty Nam
B - 2022; ng Nam B (Sn Ty - Bnh Thun) - 2023 v
min Bc - 2025 [3].
Ln sng bng n cc d n sn xut LNG trn th
gii (M, Australia) s gp phn lm a dng ha ngun
cung LNG v iu chnh th trng kh th gii. Ngoi ra,
cng ngh kho cha, ha lng v ti ha kh dng tu ni
ang c pht trin s m ra c hi pht trin mnh cho
th trng LNG ni ring v kh t nhin ni chung.
Vit Nam khi gia nhp th trng LNG s c c hi
(ngun cung LNG mi, tip cn cc cng ngh LNG mi)
cng nh phi i mt vi cc thch thc (gi LNG ca
khu vc chu cao hn cc khu vc khc) ca th trng
khu vc v th gii.
2.1.4. Chnh sch xut khu
Trong Ngh nh s 33/2013/N-CP ca Chnh ph
ngy 22/4/2013 [4] v Ban hnh hp ng mu ca hp
ng chia sn phm du kh c quy nh Theo yu cu
ca Chnh ph Vit Nam, nh thu c ngha v bn phn
kh thin nhin thuc s hu ca mnh ti th trng Vit
Nam trn c s tha thun ti cc d n pht trin, khai
thc kh. Nh vy, ch trong trng hp cc tha thun
khng quy nh bn kh ti th trng Vit Nam th cc nh
thu mi c xut khu kh.
2.2. Nhu cu kh v cc yu t nh hng
Sn lng kh t m kh C Voi Xanh c xc nh
tiu th ht ti khu vc gn ngun kh do khng c ng
ng kt ni vi cc th trng khu vc pha Nam v pha
Bc v s vn chuyn i cc khu vc th trng ln cn
di hnh thc CNG v/hoc LNG (nu th trng ti ch
d tha). Ngoi ra, khu vc c m kh cha c sn cc h
tiu th kh t trc do vy nhu cu tiu th c xc nh
trn c s pht trin mt th trng kh mi ti cc tnh
min Trung (trong tp trung vo tnh Qung Nam v
Qung Ngi) [5].
Trn th gii, kh thin nhin vn l nhin liu chnh
cho lnh vc in v cng nghip. Kh thin nhin c
68

DU KH - S 1/2017

u tin la chn cho cc d n in mi do hiu qu s


dng nhin liu ng thi kh thin nhin trong qu trnh
t chy sch hn than v sn phm xng du [6]. Theo
Leidos, Inc.: Nhm h tiu th kh ng vai tr quan trng
nht v dn dt s tng trng nhu cu kh c xc nh
l lnh vc in, trong bi cnh kh t nhin thay th
phn ln cho nhin liu du v cnh tranh thnh cng vi
than [1]. Theo kinh nghim ca pht trin th trng kh
ng Nam B, cc nh my in l nhm tiu th chnh
dn dt th trng cho kh t m C Voi Xanh. Nhm tip
theo c xem xt tnh ton nhu cu s dng ngun kh
C Voi Xanh l ch bin su t kh. Sau l cc h tiu th
cng nghip - t kinh nghim pht trin th trng kh ti
min Bc v min Nam.
Theo kt qu cc nghin cu ca Vin Du kh Vit
Nam [7], Vin Nng lng [8] cng vi cc cng b quy
hoch c nc v ngnh in, cng nghip [9 - 13] cc h
tiu th kh chnh t m kh C Voi Xanh c xc nh
nh sau (Hnh 2):
- Nh my nhit in kh v tr ti Tam Quang (Qung
Nam) v Khu kinh t Dung Qut (Qung Ngi);
- Nh my ch bin su t kh - tch hp trong T hp
ha du Dung Qut ti Khu kinh t Dung Qut;
- Cc h tiu th cng nghip (sn xut vt liu xy
dng, thp, bia, ru, nc gii kht...) cc khu kinh t,
khu cng nghip ti Qung Nam, Qung Ngi v Nng.
Nhu cu kh d bo cho khu vc theo kt qu tnh
ton c kh nng tiu th ht lng kh ca m kh C Voi
Xanh (Bng 1). Tuy nhin, pht trin th trng kh cn
phi xem xt cc yu t chnh tc ng n nhu cu.
2.2.1. Tng trng kinh t
Cc tnh/thnh ph d kin s tiu th ngun kh
C Voi Xanh c xc nh gm cc tnh min Trung, tp
trung vo 3 tnh Qung Nam, Qung Ngi v Nng.
Mc tiu pht trin kinh t chung cho vng kinh t trng
im min Trung c Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt
ti Quyt nh s 1874/Q-TTg ca Th tng Chnh ph
ngy 13/10/2014 [14] cho khu vc gm:
- Tc tng trng kinh t t 9%/nm giai on
2016 - 2020;
- GDP bnh qun u ngi n nm 2020 t
3.600USD v nm 2030 t 10.000USD (bng 1,3 ln mc
bnh qun u ngi c nc);
- C cu kinh t chuyn dch theo hng tng t
trng cng nghip - xy dng (45% nm 2020).

PETROVIETNAM

Cc khu cng nghip


TP. Nng
B bin
CNG

CCGT
CL -P
Nh my x l
kh trn b (GTP)

Khu kinh t m
Chu Lai

Gin khoan
khai thc (PF)

CCGT
DQ-2

T hp
lc ha
du

Khu kinh t
Dung Qut/
khu cng nghip
Qung Ph
Ngun: EMC - VPI, 2016

Hnh 2. Cc cm th trng tiu th cho ngun kh C Voi Xanh


Bng 1. Nhu cu tiu th kh cho m kh C Voi Xanh
TT
1
2
3

H tiu th
Nh my in kh
Ch bin su t kh
Cng nghip

Nhu cu (t m3)
5,65 - 7,07
0 - 1,67
0,5 - 2,2

Ghi ch
4 hoc 5 nh my in kh (cng sut 750MW/nh my)
Tng nhu cu kh ca khu vc min Trung cho cng nghip 3,6 t m3

Ngun: EMC - VPI, 2016

t c cc mc tiu v kinh t t ra, cc tnh


cn y mnh thu ht u t, pht trin cc ngnh ngh
ko theo tng trng cc yu t u vo cho sn xut,
trong yu t quan trng l ngun nng lng (sn
phm du kh, in, than). Nhng ch s pht trin trn
cng c thm c s cho nhu cu th trng do Trung tm
Kinh t v Qun l Du kh (EMC) - Vin Du kh Vit Nam
tnh ton ti Bng 1.
2.2.2. Chnh sch nh nc v nng lng v mi trng
Trong c cu tiu th nng lng ti Vit Nam (thng
k nm 2014 v 2015 ca BP [15]), than ang chim t
trng cao nht trong tng tiu th, tuy nhin khng c s
chnh lch nhiu so vi du th. Hai ngun nng lng
ny chim trn 60%; kh t nhin chim 15% trong tng
tiu th nng lng c nc (Hnh 3). Mc tiu chung ca
c th gii cng nh Vit Nam khc phc tnh trng cn

kit nng lng ha thch v h qu nhim mi trng


l gim thiu s dng ngun nng lng ha thch v
khuyn khch s dng ngun nng lng ti to. Tuy
nhin, gii php ny gp kh khn v cng ngh v gi
thnh v th cha c p dng rng ri. Thay vo , mt
gii php va n gin va c hiu qu nhanh v t vn
u t ang c Vit Nam trin khai l chng trnh nng
cao hiu sut v tit kim nng lng c th hin bng
cc b tiu chun ISO (ISO 9001, ISO 50001). ng thi,
Chnh ph cng ban hnh Ch th s 30/CT-TTg ngy
27/11/2015 [16] v vic tng cng kim sot d n u
t s dng nhiu nng lng, ti nguyn gy nhim mi
trng. Trong , giao cc b, ngnh tng cng kim tra
gim st, x l i vi cc d n c cng ngh, thit b tiu
hao nhiu nng lng vt nh mc cho php; trin khai
chng trnh khuyn khch chuyn i cc trang thit b,
phng tin s dng nng lng hiu sut cao.
DU KH - S 1/2017

69

KINH T - QUN L DU KH

Ngun: BP, 2016

Hnh 3. C cu tiu th nng lng ti Vit Nam

Bn cnh chnh sch s dng nng lng, vn v


mi trng cng c Nh nc quan tm, th hin
b tiu chun ISO 14001 cng nh ni dung ti Ch th
s 30/CT-TTg ca Th tng Chnh ph ngy 27/11/2015
[16]. C th tng ch tiu v mi trng i vi khu vc
min Trung c th hin trong Quyt nh s 1874/
Q-TTg ca Th tng Chnh ph ngy 13/10/2014 [14]
nh sau:
- Tt c c s sn xut, kinh doanh mi p dng
cng ngh sch hoc trang b cc thit b gim nhim,
x l cht thi;
- Trn 80% cc c s sn xut kinh doanh hin c t
tiu chun v mi trng.
T cc ch trng, quy nh trn cng vi u th
vt tri ca nhin liu kh trong sn xut (hiu sut l
cng nghip ca nhin liu kh tng ng 1,2 - 1,3 ln
so vi l truyn thng s dng than/FO/DO; kh l nhin
liu sch t pht thi trong qu trnh t chy) trong giai
on ti, kh s l ngun nng lng tip tc c khuyn
khch pht trin ti Vit Nam.
2.2.3. Cng ngh sn xut
Mt yu t khc s tc ng n nhu cu s dng
kh t m C Voi Xanh l vn cng ngh sn xut khi
tnh cht ngun kh c n 40% l kh tr (ngun kh
nhit tr thp). Thng qua cc nghin cu, kho st i
vi cc h tiu th in kh, ha kh v cng nghip ti
1

khu vc nghin cu u c m bo v cng ngh


cho s dng ngun kh C Voi Xanh. i vi cc nh
my in kh, cng ngh s dng kh nhit tr thp vi
thnh phn kh tr ln n 30% c Mitsubishi
Heavy Industries (MHI) sn xut v thnh phn kh tr
ln n 40% c General Electric (GE) th nghim
thnh cng.
Tuy nhin, i vi cc d n cng nghip xem xt c
mt s kh khn khi chuyn i nh sau:
- Gim hiu sut i vi h sn xut knh xy dng
(ch cn 85% sau khi chuyn i);
- Pht sinh chi ph u t chuyn i v u t, mt
s hng mc bn trong nh my;
- Cn phi u t thm h thng kim sot nhim
do thnh phn CO2 trong kh C Voi Xanh ln.
2.3. S pht trin ca th trng
Cu trc th trng kh gia cc nc rt khc nhau
v ph thuc vo s lng ngun cung (hoc ngi
bn) kh. Theo truyn thng, cu trc th trng kh t
nhin ca mt quc gia c quy nh theo cu trc
c quyn, khng c s cnh tranh. Tuy nhin, iu ny
ang dn thay i khi cc quc gia nh: M, Canada,
Anh v Australia ang bi b kim sot th trng kh
t nhin, m ca cho c ch gi cnh tranh gas-ongas1. S t do ha th trng h ngun s c tc ng

Gas-on-gas competition (GOG): gi c quyt nh bi rng buc cung v cu - cnh tranh kh vi kh - v c giao dch thng qua cc giai on khc nhau (ngy, thng, nm hoc khc), IGU 2016

70

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

ngc li pha thng ngun [1]. Hin ti Vit Nam,


th trng kh t nhin vn c Nh nc quy nh
theo PVN/PV GAS ng vai tr iu tit, phn phi
th trng kh t nhin.
Gi kh bn bun trn th trng c quy nh di
nhiu hnh thc:
- Trt theo gi du (Oil price escalation - OPE): Gi
kh c tnh theo gi du/sn phm du;
- Gi tnh ngc (Netback from final product - NET):
Gi ca ngi bn l mt hm lin quan n sn phm
cui cng do bn mua sn xut;
- c quyn song phng (Bilateral monopoly BIM): Gi kh c quyt nh bng m phn v tha
thun song phng gia bn mua v bn bn, vi gi
c c nh trong mt giai on - thng thng l trong
1 nm [17].
Theo d kin sau nm 2020, Vit Nam s xy dng th
trng t do. Vic thay i cu trc th trng s c nh
hng khng ln n s pht trin ca th trng cho
m kh C Voi Xanh. Th trng cho m kh C Voi Xanh
c thit lp v i vo hot ng trc khi Nh nc
thay i cu trc th trng kh (cha k n vic l trnh
thay i c m bo ng tin ra), cc thnh phn
th trng c thit lp v c cam kt rng buc
trn c s cc hp ng mua bn/cung cp kh (ngun
cung, lng cung cp, tiu th) do vy cc thay i v
sau khng nh hng ln n cc thnh phn ca th
trng, song c th c nhng nh hng khc n t
c ch gi kh thay i. Chnh sch gi kh cho h tiu
th hng ti xc nh ring cho tng i tng khch
hng v xut chnh sch 1 gi kh i vi tng lnh
vc/khu vc.
Ngoi ra, cng vi s t do ha th trng bn bun
theo l trnh, s pht trin th trng cho m C Voi Xanh
cn c tc ng t pha cc pht hin kh mi v ngun
nhp khu LNG.
cp giao dch quc t, t chc truyn thng
ca th trng kh t nhin th hin thng qua cc giao
dch t do song phng gia ngi mua v ngi bn
[1]. Trong nhng nm gn y, cc giao dch OTC (Over
- the - Counter) quc t ang tng cng tc tng
trng th trng giao ngay LNG lm phong ph cch
thc t chc th trng kh thin nhin. Cch thc t
chc th trng kh ca Vit Nam ang cp truyn
thng. Tuy nhin, cng vi s pht trin ngun cung,
m ca t do ha th trng cho ngnh cng nghip kh

th cch thc t chc th trng cng s dn thay i


bt kp th gii.
3. nh gi c hi v thch thc cho pht trin th
trng d n kh C Voi Xanh
3.1. C hi
Ngun cung cho th trng c m bo n nh
nh tr lng khai thc m kh C Voi Xanh ln, ngoi ra
cn c ngun b sung khi cn thit (t vic nhp khu
LNG). y l yu t quyt nh s tn ti ca th trng
kh. Ngun kh cng tim nng v c m bo th th
trng cng pht trin nhanh v n nh.
Nhu cu th trng c tnh ton v d bo c kh
nng tiu th ht ngun kh v cn c tim nng pht
trin hn na nu nh c thm ngun cung kh. Trong
trng hp u t mi hay chuyn i u c tnh kh
thi v mt cng ngh, chp nhn c gi thnh kh t
ngun kh C Voi Xanh. Cc h tiu th kh ln, lu di
quyt nh tnh kh thi v sn lng tiu th cho d n
ngun c Chnh ph quyt nh v mt ch trng
pht trin (cc nh my in kh, nh my ha kh). Cc
h tiu th cam kt s dng kh s c hng cc u
i ca Chnh ph cng nh chnh quyn a phng v
cc mt th tc u t, chi ph thu t/mt bng cng
nh cc khon thu, ph. Hn na, t bn thn ngun kh
c u th vt tri so vi cc dng nng lng truyn
thng v mi trng, hiu sut s dng. Nhng yu t
trn m bo cho th trng v mt tiu th kh - yu t
tin quyt cng vi ngun cung khi to v pht trin
th trng.
Cu trc th trng kh mi (t do ha th trng) s
lm tng tnh cnh tranh gia cc ngun cung v gia
cc h tiu th gip thc y th trng tng trng m
rng thng qua bin ng gi kh. Vic cnh tranh gia
cc ngun cung kh s gy p lc ln gi thc y tng
trng nhu cu t tc ng li ngun cung. Chnh sch
1 gi kh s to s cnh tranh cng bng cho cc h tiu
th ti mt khu vc. Vi cc khu vc tiu th khc nhau s
c chnh sch khc nhau. Ngoi ra, k hoch thit lp Hub
(trung tm) kh ti Singapore c th cn bng gi LNG cho
khu vc chu vi cc khu vc khc mang li c hi thc
y pht trin th trng LNG cho Vit Nam ni chung v
khu vc min Trung ni ring.
3.2. Thch thc
Ngun cung LNG mun cung cp n th trng
phi vn chuyn t cc cng tip nhn ang c quy
DU KH - S 1/2017

71

KINH T - QUN L DU KH

hoch (gn nht c terminal Sn M - Bnh Thun hoc


Thi Bnh) s c ri ro v gi. Th nht, mc d gi LNG
trn th trng th gii c xu hng gim trong nhng
nm gn y, tuy nhin gi LNG ti th trng chu
vn mc cao, cng thm cc chi ph khc nh vn
chuyn, bo him... c th lm cho gi LNG n cc h
tiu th cui cng cao hn mc kh nng chp nhn. V
th trng vn chuyn (kh nng kt ni vi cc ngun
cung khc) c nh gi mc hn ch khi cha c quy
hoch h thng kt ni cc cm th trng; phng thc
vn chuyn CNG v LNG c th thc hin c nhng
yu cu u t v kh nng lm tng chi ph trong gi
thnh bn kh. Thnh phn ngun kh C Voi Xanh cha
nhiu kh tr (ln n 40%) cng s l thch thc i vi
vic pht trin th trng kh do chi ph x l H2S s c
tnh trong gi thnh. Hm lng CO2 cao s buc cc h
tiu th phi ci tin/s dng cng ngh mi v cng
ngh x l mi trng, dn ti pht sinh chi ph u t
b sung.

quan trng vo s pht trin kinh t - x hi ca t nc.


Vic pht trin th trng kh cho d n ny s c hng
nhng c hi thun li t kt qu chuyn i cu trc th
trng kh cnh tranh, song cng phi i mt vi cc
thch thc t ri ro v ngun cung v nhu cu. Tuy nhin,
vi cc nghin cu c th v gii php c p dng hp
l vic pht trin th trng cho d n kh C Voi Xanh vn
m bo tnh kh thi.

Nhu cu s dng kh C Voi Xanh tuy c tnh ton


trn c s kho st, tnh ton v tham vn kin chuyn
gia, nhng vn tim n cc thch thc khi pht trin th
trng t pha nhu cu. i vi cc h tiu th l nh my
in kh, mc gi kh xut C Voi Xanh kh t hiu qu
kinh t khi phi tham gia th trng in cnh tranh, do
cn c c ch ring. i vi d n ha kh, do cha c
quyt nh u t nn kh nng thc hin d n tim n
ri ro. i vi cc d n cng nghip chuyn i, cc d n
vt liu xy dng (gch, thp) mc d hiu qu chuyn i
sang s dng nhin liu kh cao hn so vi nhin liu ang
vn hnh song vn cn y mnh cng tc marketing,
thuyt phc cc doanh nghip chuyn i sang s dng
nhin liu kh. Ring i vi cc d n knh xy dng (c
d bo tiu th lng kh ln), hiu qu chuyn i qua
tnh ton s b kh cnh tranh vi nhin liu kh vi mc
gi gi nh tham kho trn th trng ng Nam B, do
cn c c ch gi kh ph hp cng nh p dng mt
s u i khc.

5. Trung tm Nghin cu Kinh t v Qun l Du kh


(EMC). Nghin cu cc phng n tiu th v xut c ch
chnh sch thc y pht trin ngun kh m C Voi Xanh.
Vin Du kh Vit Nam. 2016.

Mc d cu trc th trng c hoch nh hng


ti s t do cnh tranh tuy nhin, vn t chc th trng
cha c hoch nh r cng hn ch s pht trin ca
th trng. Gi kh C Voi Xanh xut khng m bo
tnh kinh t cho mt s h tiu th nu khng c c ch
khuyn khch i km.
4. Kt lun
Vic pht trin ngun kh C Voi Xanh bc u xy
dng cm th trng kh khu vc min Trung, ng gp
72

DU KH - S 1/2017

Ti liu tham kho


1. Leidos, Inc. Global natural gas market overview. 2014.
2. ExxonMobil. Ca Voi Xanh project ODP. 2016.
3. Tp on Du kh Vit Nam. D tho quy hoch
tng th pht trin ngnh cng nghip kh Vit Nam n
nm 2025, nh hng n 2035. 2016.
4. Chnh ph. Ban hnh hp ng mu ca hp ng
chia sn phm du kh. Ngh nh s 33/2013/N-CP.
22/4/2013.

6. U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).


International energy outlook 2016. 2016.
7. Trung tm Nghin cu v Pht trin Ch bin Du
kh (PVPro). Nghin cu kh nng sn xut cc sn phm
ha du t kh thin nhin m C Voi Xanh. Vin Du kh
Vit Nam. 2016.
8. Vin Nng lng. Nghin cu s dng kh m C Voi
Xanh cho pht in v cc h tiu th khc. 2016.
9. Th tng Chnh ph. Ph duyt iu chnh Quy
hoch pht trin in lc Quc gia giai on 2011 - 2020 c
xt n nm 2030. Quyt nh s 428/Q-TTg. 18/3/2016.
10. Th tng Chnh ph. Ph duyt Quy hoch
tng th pht trin ngnh cng nghip Vit Nam n nm
2020, tm nhn n nm 2030. Quyt nh s 880/Q-TTg.
9/6/2014.
11. Th tng Chnh ph. Quy hoch tng th pht
trin vt liu xy dng Vit Nam n nm 2020 v nh hng
n nm 2030. Quyt nh s 1469/Q-TTg. 22/8/2014.
12. B Cng Thng. Quy hoch pht trin h thng
sn xut v h thng phn phi thp giai on n 2020 c
xt n 2025. Quyt nh s 649/Q-BCT. 31/1/2013.
13. B Cng Thng. Quy hoch pht trin ngnh

PETROVIETNAM

cng nghip giy n nm 2020 c xt n 2025. Quyt nh


s 10508/Q-BCT. 18/11/2014.
14. Th tng Chnh ph. Ph duyt Quy hoch tng
th pht trin kinh t - x hi vng Kinh t trng im min
Trung n nm 2020, nh hng n nm 2030. Quyt nh
s 1874/Q-TTg. 13/10/2014.

16. Th tng Chnh ph. Tng cng kim sot d n


u t s dng nhiu nng lng, ti nguyn, gy nhim
mi trng. Ch th s 30/CT-TTg. 27/11/2015.
17. International Gas Union. Wholesale gas price
survey 2016 edition. 2016.

15. BP. BP statistic review of world energy June 2016.


2016.

Development of gas market for Ca Voi Xanh project:


opportunity and challenge
Le Viet Trung, Nguyen Thu Ha
Nguyen Hong Diep, Nguyen Thi Thu Phuong
Vietnam Petroleum Institute
Email: hant@vpi.pvn.vn
Summary
Ca Voi Xanh gas field (Block 118) is considered one of the important factors to initially establish a gas market in the
central region of Vietnam which has been supported by enormous reserves, a market with the ability to absorb aggregate
gas sources, and clear market development orientation (gas market liberalisation and supply diversification). This region, however, has not had market foundation for gas so developing a gas market for Ca Voi Xanh project may encounter
many challenges in infrastructure, gas pricing, technical difficulties with high inert composition and the ability to compete with other energy sources.
Key words: Gas market development, gas project, Ca Voi Xanh, energy.

DU KH - S 1/2017

73

GII THIU CNG NGH

CNG NGH M THNG MINH


Trn Ngc Ton
Vin Nghin cu v pht trin Cng ngh cao
i hc Duy Tn Nng
Tm tt
Trong nhng nm gn y, hot ng thng ngun du kh c nhng sng to k thut c gi tr ng dng
ln da trn tng p dng kt hp cc pht minh v tr tu nhn to (artificial-intelligence - AI) vo cng ngh
thm d - khai thc. Hin nay, cc phng php da trn AI tr thnh mt khuynh hng cng ngh quan trng
vi nhng nguyn l khoa hc c cng nhn v s dng trong sn xut. Gi tr ln nht ca cng ngh ny l
lm gia tng cc d liu a cht - a vt l c sn, gip b sung nhiu thng tin hu ch gim thiu ri ro v y
nhanh tc quyt nh u t khi cc nh qun l cha c cn c khoa hc cho nhng n d nh trin khai.
Bi bo ny gii thiu mt s kt qu nghin cu khoan v hon thin ging Malaysia cng b trn Tp ch Oil
and Gas trong thng 12/2016, t xut mt s nh hng nghin cu phng php lun c th tin hnh ng
dng ti Vit Nam.
T kha: Tr tu nhn to, hon thin ging ngang thng minh, i tng cha du dng vnh mng.
Khoan v hon thin ging ngang
- thng minh trong cc i tng
cha du mng Malaysia
Cc va cha c tng nc y
v/hoc m kh, trong khong
cha du tng i mng, c hnh
vnh nn c gi l i tng cha
du dng vnh mng (thin-oil-rim
reservoirs - TORR). Loi hnh ny
thng gp di dng nhng nm
nm gia m kh v phn cha nc
y, c cu trc phc tp do cc t
gy v bin dn dng du gy ra, th
hin bng nhng mt nghing v cc
phn chuyn tip trong trm tch
gia 2 cu trc li hoc 2 np un li
c dng yn nga a dng. B dy
cc lp ct y c th b xp chng

ln nhau v chia ct thnh nhiu


khong. Lp nc va y tng du
c th thay i t on cha ny
sang on cha khc, dn n suy
gim p sut khng u v thay i
mt tip xc du - nc cng nh
nht ca du theo tng v tr a l
(Hnh 1).
Trc y phn ln hot ng
pht trin m cc i tng cha
du dng vnh mng ch yu thc
hin khoan nhiu ging thng
ng hoc nghing nh v cc
ging c hon thin vi cc ct
ng chng/ng khai thc a cp
nhm khai thc ring bit theo tng
khong trong khu vc m, ni cha
cc ct vi p sut chnh lch ln.

Cc ging khai thc thng s bn


m va on pha trn ca thn
du trnh nc y xm nhp
di dng nn nc (water coning)
vo phn cha du. Trong trng
hp bn m va pha di cch xa
mt tip xc gia kh v du trnh
khai thc kh t m kh th dng kh
xm nhp vo phn du di dng
nn kh (gas coning). V ch bn m
va tng on nh vy nn khai
thc vi lu lng ln cn c chnh
p cao, h qu l cng d to ra nn
nc y t di ln hoc nn kh t
pha trn khong bn va xm nhp
vo va du. Do , cc va du mng
thng c lng nc xm nhp cao
hoc c kh xm nhp GOR (t s kh/
du) cao, lm cho i ging khai thc

Hnh 1. Bn bo ha cht lu ca phn b ct trong mt lp cha du dng vnh rng ln Malaysia. Lp ct bao gm cc by a tng v by cu to bt ng nht,
cha hn 800 triu thng du tiu chun ti ch, tri rng trong hn 7 khong, vi 5 m kh ring bit, nm trn tng cha nc khu vc rt ln.

74

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

rt ngn v cc ging ch ct qua mt


phn ca i tng cha sn phm
ti im gim p y ging. Theo
chin lng pht trin m nh trn,
tng s ging phi ngng khai thc
tng rt nhanh. Hin nay, s lng
cc ging cho sn phm trong mt
s i tng cha du dng vin rt
t, ch chim di 50% tng s ging
khai thc. Mc thu hi du ca m
lun thp c khi c khai thc qua
25 nm lin tc.
Cn bng lc trong TORR
Trong i tng TORR tn ti rt
nhiu c ch dn ng dng du
ch yu nh n m kh (gas-cap
expansion), dn ng hay truyn
ng t nhin (drive), gim nht
ca du (withdrawal) v cn bng
trng lc (gravity balance) bn cnh
c ch truyn ng do kh ha tan
(solution-gas-expansion drive). Vic
bm kh khai thc tr li m, iu
khin gim p trong ging trn tng
khong va cha da trn s thay i
cng nc va v gc nghing
ca lp ct cng nh vic chn v
tr t ging, khong cch gia cc
ging, cch thc hon thin ging
u c th tc ng n tnh cn
bng ca cc c ch dn ng ni
trn. Vai tr ca cn bng lc l gi
cho v tr vin du khng thay i
trong nhiu nm vi suy gim p
sut ti thiu ngay c khi cht lu
chy trong va cha (Hnh 2).

Ngay c khi cc i tng cha


du dng vnh c tng cha nc
khng l nm di th sc ca
y nc vn c th khng thch hp
trong mt s khong ca va cha
du, v d trng hp mt s vnh
du Malaysia quan st thy p sut
gim rt ln. Trng hp ny cng
c th nn bm nc v kh vo m
cho ton m hoc bm chn lc cho
tng khu vc ca m nhm duy tr s
cn bng cn cn lc dn ng gip
gi cho va du t di ng nht v
ci thin thu hi du. Chin lc v
phng php bm c th tin hnh
bao gm bm p t ra m hoc theo
mng li, bm y nc t y ln
hoc bm kh p t trn xung.
V tr t ging v dng ging khai
thc
Nhiu TORR bin ang s
dng loi ging thng ng hoc
nghing nh ging tip xc cc
on va mng. Hnh 3 cho thy v
d xuyn qua ca ging khai thc
trong mt tng cha tp trung nhiu
va du mng. V tr t mng li
ging ch yu da trn bn bo
ha du ng c v t mt m
hnh ng ph hp vi d liu lch s.
i vi tng cha dng vnh c nhiu
va, phc tp, cng tc hon thin
ging kp c tin hnh nhm khai
thc du ng thi t nhiu lp ct
c p sut v phn b khng ng
u. Cch tip cn truyn thng ny

N m kh
Dn ng kh ha tan

Gim nht ca du
Dn ng tng
nc ngm

Hnh 2. Cn bng lc dn ng tinh t/ti hn trong TORR cn thit gi vin du ti ch ban u

cn ti mt s lng ging khai thc


ln - 297 ct ng khai thc (Hnh 3)
i hi phi c mt lng ln cc
gin khoan bin cng nhiu thit b
ph tr i km nn gi thnh thng
du khai thc cng tng. Cc ging
thng ng v tip cn vi phn va
cha du b gii hn nn nng sut
khai thc thp v i hi mc gim
p ln (500 - 1.000psi). Nhng ging
ny c nguy c nhanh t ti thi
im lng nc xm nhp cao
hoc kh xm nhp GOR cao, tng
ng vi m nc di v m kh
trn xm nhp vo. Nng lng tng
cha b huy ng rt nhanh, ging
hot ng trong thi gian ngn nn
hin nay ch cn 15 ng khai thc
hot ng. Ngoi ra cc ging thng
ng c mc thu gom du t v
khu vc gom du nh. S lng cc
ti du st (bypass) ln trong tng
cha vn cn li ng k ngay c
khi khong cch gia cc ging khai
thc kh ngn. Sau 25 nm khai thc,
lng du thu hi l nh, ch mc
khong 35% tr lng thu hi c
tnh ban u. Hin nay, cng ngh
thng minh, kt hp cng ngh m
hnh s dng tr tu nhn to vi
cng ngh khoan ngang hay khoan
gc nghing ln mang li kt qu
cao hn.
Ging ngang thng minh
Gn y, cc ging ngang khai
thc loi m TORR Malaysia u
c hon thin vi cc thit b
kim sot dng (inflow-control
device - ICD), t cch nhau 10m.
Cht lng chc nng ca ICD c
kim tra theo kt qu o carota PLT
(prodution-logging tool). Ti ging
A trong m ni trn, 157 thit b ICD
c gn trn chiu di 1.590m ca
lng ging. Tng dng vo tch ly
c dng gn tuyn tnh, ng thi
phn b gim p dc theo qu o
ging nhn chung khng cha cc
DU KH - S 1/2017

75

GII THIU CNG NGH

bt ng nht. Ging A cho lu lng


1.243 thng du/ngy v 217ft3 kh tiu
chun/thng du. on un gia
phn thng ng v phn nm ngang
ca ging, lng nc trong du chim
n 71% nhng phn nm ngang gn
nh khng c nc trong du. i vi
ging ny cn hon thin ging vi mn
chn ct dng standalone vi nt ngn
(pake) t gin n. Pake b h ti y lp
du c th l nguyn nhn lng ln
nc xm nhp du. Chc nng ca ICD
cn c khng nh khi tin hnh kim
tra kt qu o c PTL i vi ging B,
trn chiu di 1.820m l khoan c gn
182 thit b ICD v dng du phun t
2.737 thng du/ngy cng t s kh/
du bng 187ft3 kh tiu chun/thng
du. Ti im m va phn trn ca
lp du, lng nc trong du chim
13% on nm ngang. Phn b dng
vo cng gn tuyn tnh, c bit na
u ca l khoan gn y lp du. iu
cho thy lng nc xm nhp vo
du y thp. Thit k ICD nh trn
trong l khoan ngang l thch hp
bo m lng du khai thc trong lp
mng t ti u. Vi nhng thnh cng
ca ging khoan ngang thng minh
t c sau qu trnh th nghim,
m ang tng dn s lng ging khai
thc theo tng t khoan, t 22 ging
thng minh ln 33 ging v gn y l
41 ging cho sn lng cao (Hnh 3).

FGDS (fine-grid dynamic sector/


khu vc ng lc hc mng li
dy). Phng php ny c th
gip thu nhn c nhiu thng
tin v tnh bt ng nht ca mi
trng khai thc, miu t mt cch
tin cy cc tnh cht ca hn hp
cht lu v gradient p sut cng
nh xy dng m hnh phn b
gim p chnh xc cao hn so vi
cc phng php khc, nht l cho

phn y ca ging. Theo phng


php ny, mt nghin cu xc
nh gi tr ca phng thc hon
thin ging thng minh c
tin hnh cho mt m loi TORR
ti Sabah, Malaysia. Cc ging m
ny c hon thin vi ng khai
thc 5,5 inch v cc thit b ICD t
cch nhau 11m. Cc ca ICD v kch
thc ca c thit k nhm ti
u ha phn b gim p v cc tiu

Gi tr ca hon thin ging thng


minh
Vic hon thin ging thng minh
(smart completion) lm tng gi thnh
ging khoan. Tuy nhin, gi tr to ra
cng tng ln, nht l lng du gom
ln v h s thu hi du cao. nng
cao hiu qu ging thng minh i
hi phi c nhiu n lc v k thut.
Mt phng php c ghi nhn l
kt hp m hnh ging nhiu on
vi mng li dy FGMSW (fine-grid
multisegmented-well) vi m hnh
76

DU KH - S 1/2017

Hnh 3. V tr t ging khai thc theo cch truyn thng da trn bo ha du ng khi dng ging thng ng
hoc nghing nh ct qua cc lp ct cha du mng ca TORR.

PETROVIETNAM

ha hiu ng n mn ca dng du
phun cho ch khai thc theo chu
k v thay i iu kin tng cha.
M hnh FGMW kt hp vi m hnh
ng lc hc ph hp vi khp lch
s (history-matched dynamic model)
c dng nh gi cng sut
khai thc ca ging ngang c hoc
khng gn thit b ICD v hot ng
ca ging. Nu xt tng ging, ph
thuc vo cht lng tng cha v
iu kin mi trng cha cho thy
mc thu hi du khi c gn thit
b ICD c th tng n 16%. Cn khi
xt mc ton m th mc gia
tng c th tng 6%.
Ti u ha gom du ca ging
ngang
Kh nng gom du ca ging
ngang ph thuc vo gim p
trong ging v thay i gim p dc
theo chiu di lng ging. Yu cu
ca cng tc thit k hon thin
ging vi thit b ICD l tm n
phng thc ti u ha phn b
chnh p dc theo chiu di lng
ging ngang. Do , gom du v
thu hi du ph thuc ch yu vo
mc tip xc ca lng ging vi
phn cha du v chiu di khong
nm ngang ca ging. Trong cc
TORR, v tr t ging gia mt tip
xc kh/du v mt tip xc du/
nc c th c ti u ha lm
chm qu trnh kh v/hoc nc
xm nhp vo du (Hnh 4).
Cng vi , mc chnh p ging
ngang c th gi c mc thp,
thng thng khong 100psi hoc
t hn. Do vy, mc d lng dng

vo l ln nhng ng knh khu


vc gom du ca ging ngang c th
nh, nn vic ti thiu ha khong
cch gia cc ging cn phi xc
nh hp l. tng thm thu hi
du trong m, cn thit phi khoan
thm cc ging ph trong tng khu
vc c th ca m khi iu kin.
tng lc ng ca nc y
TORR, ng thi gi n nh mt
tip xc kh/du, vic ti u ha
khong cch ging ph thuc vo
b dy ca vnh du v t s gia
thnh phn thm ngang v
thm dc ca cha. Vi khong
cch ging ti u, h s thu hi
du ph thuc vo cht lng ct
( thm) v im cui thm
tng i (relative permeability
endpoints) - im m ti thm
tng i thay i. Vi lp cha du
ng hng, dy 15m, c thm
ngang v thm dc bng nhau,
khong cch ti u v l thuyt c
th l 15m v h s thu hi du cc
i tng ng t khong 45%.
Mt m c hon thin vi 41
ging ngang v khong cch ging
200m, c gn ICD, h s thu hi du
d bo bng 27%. iu cho thy
mun tng h s thu hi du TORR
vn cn nhiu vic phi thc hin.
Chiu di ging khoan ngang tip
tc c ti u ha thng qua nh
gi theo mt hng v s thay i
lu lng dng vo trn tng on
bng cch s dng m hnh MSW.
iu ny c th c ti u ha tt
nht bng cch nh gi gi tr hin
ti mi nht ca cng sut dng du
theo chiu di ging ngang.

Khu vc ging nm ngoi va cha du

Hnh 4. Ging ngang nhm khai thc t cc pha v khu vc yn nga trong TORR

Hon thin ging ngang thng


minh vi ng khai thc kp
Hon thin ging ngang thng
minh c tin hnh da trn c s
gom du theo khu vc mc tiu m l
khoan khoan qua. Hnh 4 trnh by
l khoan ngang ni n hai pha ca
khu vc yn nga. Theo cch khc,
c th khoan hai ging thay v mt
ging hoc khoan ging a nhnh.
u im ca hon thin ging bng
ng khai thc kp l tip cn c hai
im gom du ng thi thay v tip
cn mt im nh l khoan ngang
vi ng khai thc n. Hon thin vi
ng khai thc kp ci tin c
trin khai gom cc tr lng du
nm 2 pha tch bit ca m. Mi
ng trong 2 ng khai thc di 800m
u c gn thit b ICD. M phng
m hnh ng lc v l khoan kp
trc ht cho thy hon thin vi ng
khai thc kp khng gn ICD c th
khai thc c nhiu du hn nu
khng gn iu kin bin. Tuy nhin,
nhng khu vc c dng ln c th
vn phi lp ng co tht (choke) hoc
van iu tit c chn lc khng
ch tc dng chy, gim thiu ri
ro n mn v bo m khai thc theo
chu k trong i m. M hnh nghin
cu cng cho thy hon thin ging
ICD ti u ha cung cp kh nng
iu tit c chn lc gim thiu
ri ro ng k. Tnh kh thi ca vic
b sung cc van kim sot dng cng
hiu c nghin cu iu tit
dng kh/nc xm nhp qu mc
trong qu trnh khai thc theo chu
k. Tuy nhin, cch tip cn ny cha
c chp nhn v lm gim gi tr
ca ging ngang thng minh.
Hai ging khoan ngang ti m
ny c hon thin theo thit
k ng khai thc kp hoc l khoan
c ICD. Hnh 5 trnh by hot ng
n nh trong 4 thng sau khi bt
u khai thc. C ng khai thc ngn
DU KH - S 1/2017

77

GII THIU CNG NGH

4000

Sn lng du khai thc, thng du/ngy

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

A1L Oil

A1S Oil

A1 Oil

Hnh 5. Ging (A1) hon thin thng minh vi ng khai thc kp cho sn lng khai thc ban u n nh. Cng sut v
khuynh hng din bin dng du ging nhau c hai ng khai thc ngn (A1S) v di (A1L).
A1 Oil - tng sn lng ca ging.

(A1S oil) v di (A1L oil) u cho sn


phm c cng cng sut du v cng
khuynh hng. Cho n nay cha
thy lng nc trong du tng, t
s kh/du tng nh, gn bng vi t
l kh ha tan/ng hnh trong du,
nht l ng khai thc di.
Nhn xt v kh nng p dng
ging ngang thng minh Vit
Nam
Cng ngh cao lun c coi l
nhn t quyt nh chnh trong s
thnh cng ca mi hot ng kinh t
- k thut. c bit i vi ngnh du
kh, thch nghi vi giai on gi du
thp c xu hng ko di nhiu nm,
nhu cu h gi thnh sn xut thng
du ng vng trn th trng l
rt cp thit i vi tt c cc cng ty
du kh trn th gii v iu ny da
ch yu vo cht lng cng ngh s
dng trong c thi gian to chui gi
tr ca ngnh.
Trong thi gian qua, khi du hiu
khng hong gi du bt u xut
hin trn th trng, cc t chc du
kh u a nhim v nghin cu khoa
hc, pht trin, ng dng cng ngh
cao vo mc tiu hng u trong chin
78

DU KH - S 1/2017

lc hot ng ca mnh v y l u
t cho tng lai, t tn km, ngn chn
hoc gim thiu nn chy cht xm ra
khi ngnh v ph hp nht vi tnh
trng ti chnh khan him. Tr tu nhn
to c dng trong cng ngh thng
minh nhiu lnh vc khc nhau l
mt thnh tu xut sc ca khoa hc
hin i nn vic ng dng vo du kh
l iu tt yu.
V a cht, Vit Nam phn ln
l m nh thuc loi vnh mng, b
chia ct bi cc h thng t gy
loi nh thy trn lt ct Malaysia
(Hnh 4), tn ti hu ht cc b trm
tch cha du kh. V th cn xem xt
kinh nghim ca Malaysia, Bc M
(m Kern River), Qatar, Venezuela
(vnh du Orinoco) trong vic nghin
cu i tng TORR.
Trong phm vi bi bo c trch
dn trn y, vic p dng cng ngh
ging ngang thng minh, v mt k
thut c hai khu kt ni lin hon,
to thnh chu k lp i lp li trong
sut qu trnh khai thc m.
Khu u gm x l v tng hp
tt c mi d liu lch s v a vt
l, a cht, a ha, c hc , cng

ngh khoan khai thc... c sn ti


mt thi im xc nh ca mt
chu trnh khai thc c th thu
c mt lt ct cu trc vng
m tng i y /chnh xc.
T cc thng tin thu c, cc nh
a vt l - a cht khai thc xy
dng cc m hnh ng lc hc
m tng thch vi s liu lch s
ca chu trnh nghin cu v xy
dng bn bo ha du/kh c
kh nng di ng trong vng m,
lm c s cho cng tc khu tip
theo. Tr tu nhn to ng dng
trong khu ny khng c trnh
by trong bi nhng c th tp
hp theo cc cng b trn cc
tp ch k thut du kh. Nhn lc
tham gia cng tc ny phi c
o to chuyn su, t trnh
chuyn gia c kh nng hp
tc vi cc chuyn gia nc ngoi
v nhn chuyn giao cng ngh t
cc i tc hot ng Vit Nam.
Khu tip theo l xc nh v
tr t ging, thit k ging khoan
ngang thng minh v trin khai
thc hin trn thc a da trn
kt qu nh gi hiu qu kinh t
ca n. Khi iu kin kinh t k thut m trong qu trnh khai
thc thay i khng cn ph hp
vi thit k c th bt u lp li
chu trnh ni trn vi mt cng
ngh cao hn (kt qu ca cng
tc nghin cu khoa hc, ci tin
cng ngh) cho mt chu k khai
thc mi n khi kt thc i m.
Nh vy, qu trnh nghin cu
khoa hc v sn xut kt ni vi
nhau lin tc v cht ch c trong
ngn hn v di hn.
Ti liu tham kho
1. John Hudson. Intelligent
fields technology. Journal of
petroleum technology. May 2015:
p. 102 - 107.

PETROVIETNAM

MT GC NHN V TH TRNG DU M TH GII NM 2017


Gi du trong nm 2017 c nhn nh s tng chm, cho d T chc cc nc Xut khu Du m (OPEC)
c ct gim sn lng nhiu hn so vi d kin th mc gi cao nht cng ch t 60USD/thng. Nhng thay i
v ngun cung v nhu cu du m trong nm 2017 s l yu t quyt nh chnh. Tuy nhin, nhn nh th trng
v xy dng cc k hoch sn xut kinh doanh nm 2017 vi gi du dao ng t 45 - 60USD/thng c coi l
khong gi an ton nht.

rong nm 2016, gi du
tng mun hn so vi cc
d bo trong nm nhng
y c th coi l mt iu ng mng
nu so snh vi thng 1/2016 khi gi
du xung di 30USD/thng. Gi
du trung bnh nm 2016 t 45USD/
thng. D c xut hin mt vi yu
t chnh tr bt ng, nhng c th coi
y l mt khi u mi cho cc nh
sn xut khi nhn nhn mc gi hin
nay nh mt khong gi mi.
Ngun cung d tha qu nhiu
l nguyn nhn chnh khin gi du
duy tr mc thp. Cung du m
ton cu trong nm 2016 t 97 triu
thng/ngy. Trong , cung du t
OPEC chim 40,2 triu thng/ngy,
tng 1,2 triu thng/ngy so vi nm
2015. Sn lng ca Iran duy tr mc
3,72 triu thng/ngy, tng 0,86 triu
thng/ngy so vi giai on trc
khi c g b lnh trng pht. Sn
lng ca Iraq t 4,61 triu thng/
ngy, tng 0,6 triu thng/ngy so
vi nm 2015. Saudi Arabia vn dn
u v sn lng khai thc vi trung

bnh 10,4 triu thng/ngy, tng 230


nghn thng/ngy so vi nm 2015.
Mt s vn xy ra cc nc khc
trong nhm OPEC cng khng nh
hng n xu hng tng mnh ca
sn lng khai thc. Trong khi ,
ngun cung du t cc nc ngoi
OPEC gim xung cn 56,8 triu
thng/ngy so vi nm 2015.
Nhu cu du th trong nm 2016
tng 1,4 triu thng/ngy, t 96,3
triu thng/ngy, nhng khng th
vt qua lng du ang d tha
trn th trng. Nhng lo lng v kinh
t v m c bit t Trung Quc v
nhu cu tiu th du cho ma ng
cc nc OECD gim do ma ng
khng lnh cng nh s suy yu ca
cc nn kinh t xut khu du m
ng vai tr quan trng trong s st
gim nhu cu du.
Gi du trong nm 2017 c
nhn nh s tng chm, cho d OPEC
c ct gim sn lng nhiu hn so
vi d kin th mc gi cao nht cng
ch t 60USD/thng. Nhng trc

khi t c mc gi ny, th trng


s vn cn chu nh hng bi gi
du thp. Khong gi du nm 2017
c th xc nh c sau khi cc
nc thnh vin ca OPEC nhm hp
Vienna vo ngy 30/11/2016 v a
ra mc ct gim sn lng s c p
dng vo thng 1/2017.
C l cc nc thnh vin OPEC
kh c th thng nht thc hin
mc tiu ct gim sn lng ti a
1,23 triu thng/ngy theo quyt
nh ca khi trong cuc hp din
ra ti Vienna cui nm 2016. Mc ct
gim ny ca OPEC mi c th cn
bng cung - cu du th trong na
u nm 2017, tuy nhin s khin
c khi ri vo tnh trng thm ht
trong 6 thng cui nm. Ngoi ra,
tha thun trn c a ra ng
ngha vi vic chnh sch bo v th
phn v th ni th trng ca Saudi
Arabia s kt thc. Nn kinh t ca
quc gia ny v cc k hoch khc
nh vic pht hnh c phiu ln u
tin ca Aramco chu thit hi
nng khi gi du ch mc 45USD/

Bng 1. Nhu cu v sn lng du m ton cu (2015 - 2017)


IEA
Cu
OECD
Ngoi OECD
Cung
Ngoi OPEC
OECD
Ngoi OECD
OPEC
Du th
NGL cc loi

Nm 2015
94,9
46,4
48,5
96,6
57,6
23,9
29,2
39,0
32,4
6,7

Nm 2016
96,3
46,6
49,7
97,0
56,8
23,3
28,8
40,2
33,4
6,8

OPEC
Nm 2017
97,6
46,6
51,0
96,7
57,0
23,3
28,9
39,7
32,7
7,0

Nm 2015
93,2
46,4
46,8
95,2
57,0
25,3
31,7
38,2
32,1
6,1

Nm 2016
94,4
46,7
47,7
95,4
56,2
24,7
31,5
39,2
32,9
6,3

Nm 2017
95,6
46,8
48,8
95,4
56,5
24,6
31,9
38,9
32,5
6,4

Ngun: Bo co Th trng Du kh thng 12/2016 ca IEA, OPEC


DU KH - S 1/2017

79

DU KH TH GII

thng, v vy, chnh quyn Riyhad


mun gi du cao hn. Vi tha
thun ny, th trng du m trong
nm 2017 s tp trung vo vic OPEC
qun l ngun cung nh th no. Tuy
nhin, c 4 yu t s khin cho vic
ct gim ngun cung ca nhm tr
nn kh khn hn.
u tin, tha thun ct gim
sn lng ca OPEC a ra vo cui
thng 11/2016 ti Algiers khng c
m bo khi Iraq, Iran cng vi mt
s quc gia khc vn cha chp nhn
mc quota sn lng c ra cho
tng quc gia thit lp ng c
s v sn lng ca c nhm. Iraq
vn mong mun c min mi hn
ngch v sn lng hin ti ca quc
gia ny ang thp hn sn lng c
th t c nh thi gian trc.
Th hai, Iran vn mun tng ti
thiu 200.000 thng/ngy. Mc tiu
sn lng ca quc gia ny c t
mc gn 4 triu thng/ngy nhng
bt chp s gia tng nhanh chng
k t thng 1, mc sn lng mc
tiu ny c th s khng t c
trong na u nm 2017. Tuy nhin,
lp trng gia tng sn lng mi
s nh hng ti ngun cung ca
ton nhm. Saudi Arabia cn phi
ct gim phn ln sn lng - nhng

nu khng p dng thnh cng mc


quota sn lng c ra theo
tha thun i vi Iran th vic ct
gim ny s khng thnh cng.

nng cao hiu qu thu hi du


Ty Siberia, cho nn s kh c th
dng khai thc khu vc ny trong
nhng thng ti.

Th ba, tng trng sn lng


t Nigeria v Libya trong nm 2017
c th ngang bng vi sn lng ct
gim ca cc thnh vin khc. Libya
tng sn lng khong 400.000
thng/ngy, t 0,66 triu thng/
ngy nhng s kh tng nhiu hn
do phn ln c s h tng khai thc
b h hng trong 2 nm qua. Do ,
mc tiu 0,9 triu thng/ngy v
t mc sn lng k thut d kin
1,2 triu thng/ngy cui nm 2017
c t ra cho cng ty du quc
gia kh c th thc hin. S phc hi
sn lng ca Nigeria, t trung bnh
1,57 triu thng/ngy cng c th
khin tha thun ca OPEC kh t
c. Ty thuc vo kh nng ca
chnh ph trong vic gii quyt cc
vn khu vc ng bng sng
Niger, Nigeria c th s cung cp
thm 300.000 thng du/ngy.

Ngun cung cng gia tng t


cc quc gia khc. Kazakhstan,
sn lng t m Kashagan c
khi ng li v s cung cp thm
t nht 200.000 thng/ngy vo
gia nm 2017. Cc d n c khi
ng khi gi vnh Mexico cao hn
s nng sn lng ln gn 15% t
1,9 triu thng/ngy vo nm 2017.
Bin Bc (Anh), Ghana, Canada cng
s gp thm nhiu thng du vo
nm ti.

Vn th t thuc v nhm cc
nc ngoi OPEC. Nga d c cam kt
h tr cho vic ct gim sn lng
ca OPEC hay khng cng s tip tc
tng ngun cung trong nm 2017.
Quc gia ny b qu nhiu n lc

Din bin gi du nm 2016 theo gi du Brent giao ngay

Nhiu bin php


trng pht i
vi Iran c
d b

Sn lng du th ca M
t 9,24 triu thng/ngy

Ngun: Petroleum Economist Outlook 2017/Reuters, EIA

80

DU KH - S 1/2017

l l do gi du nm 2017
ph thuc rt nhiu vo OPEC. C
quan Nng lng Quc t (IEA) d
kin cung du trong nm 2017 s
tng 0,5 triu thng/ngy nhm
cc nc ngoi OPEC. Gi s d bo
tng trng nhu cu ton cu vo
nm 2017 t 1,2 triu thng/ngy
l chnh xc, vic OPEC ct gim 1,23
triu thng/ngy t mc sn lng
ca thng 10/2016 v gia tng sn
lng t cc nc ngoi OPEC thp,
c th gip lm tng ngun cung
ton cu gim khong 0,7 triu
thng/ngy. Do , vic ct gim sn
lng ca OPEC s lm gim nhanh

Goldman Sachs
nhn nh gi
du c th chm
y 20USD/
thng
Gi du WTI gim
xung 26,14USD/
thng, chng khon
M tng vt

ng ng dn
du Iraq - Th
Nh K dng
hot ng

Nga v OPEC
m phn
ng bng sn
lng du

IEA cho bit th trng du


s cn bng tr li chm nht
vo nm 2017

PETROVIETNAM

lng du d tha v sn lng khai


thc mi.
tng gi du th th trng
du nm 2017 phi tht cht ngun
cung hn na. Tuy nhin, mc gi
45USD/thng vic m phn tha
thun ct gim sn lng du thnh
cng rt kh khn. Nu gi du
Brent t mc trn 60USD/thng,
c l khng ch Saudi Arabia v cc
nc thnh vin OPEC m c cc
nc xut khu du m khc cng
c th s tng sn lng.
Nhu cu du nm 2017 cng
gy nhiu lo lng trn th trng.
Nhu cu du s khng cn ph
thuc vo Trung Quc khi nn kinh
t v nhu cu nng lng ca quc
gia ny suy gim. n c nhn
nh s tr thnh quc gia c nhu
cu nng lng ln nht th gii,
mc d nn kinh t ca ca nc
ny ang pht trin nhanh, nhng
nhu cu du vn cha to c nh
hng ng k. Theo d bo ca
IEA, nhu cu du ton cu trong
nm 2017 d kin s tng khong
1,3 triu thng/ngy, t 97,6 triu
thng/ngy. C th thy, gi du
thp cng khng th thc y nhu
cu du nh trc y.

Sau hi ngh,
OPEC quyt
nh gi
nguyn sn
lng
ng Khalid alFalih tip nhn
v tr B trng
B du m
Saudi Arabia

Chy rng Fort


McMurray. Sn lng
du ct gim 1,3 triu
thng/ngy

Sn lng du
th M t 8,43
triu thng/ngy
- mc thp nht
nm

Anh b phiu ri
khi Lin minh
Chu u

Vn cn nhng yu t khin cho


th trng tr nn kh d on nh
cuc tranh c Tng thng M. Vic
ng Donald Trump c c khin
d on v nn kinh t v m v mt
s d n v ngun cung ca M tr
nn kh xc nh cng nh lm gim
c hi tng li sut ca Cc D tr
Lin bang M (FED). Nu ng Trump
n lc thc hin cc chnh sch nh
cng b trong chin dch tranh c
th M s nhanh chng nng thu v
cc quy nh v sn xut, m rng
thm cc din tch khoan khai thc
v gim bt cc quy nh v nhim,
tc l b qua cc cam kt theo Hip
nh Paris v bin i kh hu, khi
phc li ng ng Keystone XL ca
TransCanada, to iu kin cho cc
nh khai thc du ct ca Canada,
th sn lng du cht st khu vc
Bc M c l s tng nhanh vi chi
ph sn xut thp hn. ng Trump
cng c th h tr cc nh sn xut
trong nc bng cch hy cc tha
thun vi Iran, c th nh hng n
k hoch khai thc. Mt khc, nu M
bt u p dng cc loi hng ro
thu quan i vi hng ha Trung
Quc hoc loi b cc hip nh
thng mi quc t th nm 2017 s
rt kh khn i vi cc nn kinh t

Sn lng
ca Saudi
Arabia chm
mc cao k
lc 10,62 triu
thng/ngy

Sn lng du ca
Libya gim xung
di 200 nghn
thng/ngy

OPEC quyt
nh s ct
gim sn lng
cn 32,5 - 33
triu thng/
ngy

Sn lng du
ca Nigeria gim
xung 1,4 triu
thng/ngy

mi ni, tng trng kinh t ton cu


cng nh nhu cu du m.
Cc mi e da n nhu cu du
khc n t xe in v thay i ng
c t trong. Rt nhiu nh qun
l du vn cha tin tng vo tim
nng ca xe in, hay s dng kh
trong giao thng vn ti. Tuy nhin,
mt khi gi du nm 2017 tng cao
s cng to iu kin thun li cho
nhng thay i ny.
V c bn, OPEC ng vai tr
quan trng trong vic n nh th
trng nm 2017, mc d s cn
mt thi gian gii quyt cc iu
khon trong tha thun ct gim sn
lng. Nhng nu tha thun ny
c thc hin th gi du c th s
tng, d tr du th s gim v bt
u tr li bnh thng trong Qu
IV/2017. Nhng thay i v ngun
cung v nhu cu du m trong nm
2017 s l yu t quyt nh chnh.
Tuy nhin, nhn nh th trng
v xy dng cc k hoch sn xut
kinh doanh nm 2017 khong gi
du t 45 - 60USD/thng c coi l
khong gi an ton nht cho cc nh
sn xut.
Quang Trung (theo PE Outlook 2017)

Vladimir Putin
ng h vic ct
gim sn lng
ca OPEC. Sn
lng Nga
chm mc sn
lng thi k
Lin X c

Kashagan khi
ng li sn lng
khai thc mc 90
nghn thng/ngy

Donald Trump
trng c Tng
thng M

Sn lng du
th ca M tng
ln mc 8,7 triu
thng/ngy

IEA cho bit


sn lng ca
Iran t 3,72
triu thng/
ngy - mc sn
lng trc khi
p dng lnh
trng pht

Sn lng du ca
Libya t 0,66 triu
thng/ngy

DU KH - S 1/2017

81

QUYT TM CAO - GII PHP HAY - V CH TRC

VIETSOVPETRO

NGHIN CU TI U CNG NGH KHAI THC DU KH


Trong nm 2017, Lin
doanh Vit - Nga Vietsovpetro
t mc tiu khai thc an ton
trn 5 triu tn du/condensate
v 188 triu m3 kh thin nhin,
thu gom v cung cp vo b
500 triu m3 kh t L 09-1.
Lin doanh tip tc nghin cu,
p dng cc gii php ti u
cng ngh khai thc hon
thnh, sm a cc cng trnh
quan trng nh: Th Trng, C
Tm vo khai thc.

82

DU KH - S 1/2017

rong iu kin c bit kh khn do


sn lng du st gim, gi du gim
su v ko di, c s quan tm ch
o su st ca lnh o Vit Nam - Lin bang
Nga, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam v Zarubezhneft,
vi tinh thn on kt nht tr, n lc ca tp
th ngi lao ng, Vietsovpetro hon thnh
vt mc k hoch khai thc du, khoan thm
d, khoan khai thc v gia tng tr lng du kh,
k hoch cung cp kh vo b, xy dng cc cng
trnh bin v cc ch tiu tit gim chi ph.
Trong cng tc tm kim thm d,
Vietsovpetro khoan 3 ging thm d gm: ThT8X, BH-47 v CT-4X u c pht hin dng du kh
cng nghip. Tr lng du thu hi pht hin ti
cc ging ny t 4,8 triu tn so vi k hoch 2,3
triu tn (tnh ring phn ca Vietsovpetro). c
bit, pht hin C Tm ti L 09-3/12 vi tr lng

thu hi d kin khong 50 triu thng du khng


ch l tin vui vi ngi lao ng Vietsovpetro ni
ring, Ngnh Du kh Vit Nam ni chung, m cn
to iu kin Vietsovpetro tip tc duy tr sn
lng khai thc du trong thi gian ti.
Trong lnh vc khoan khai thc, Vietsovpetro
thc hin 98,4 nghn mt khoan (t 103%
k hoch), kt thc thi cng 26 ging v thc
hin sa cha ln 19 lt ging khoan (gm 3
ging sa cha c bit), trong nhiu ging
khoan mi khoan cho lu lng du tt, gp
phn hon thnh sn lng du khai thc ca
Vietsovpetro. Tc thng mi ca khoan khai
thc l 2.607m/thng/my, so vi k hoch c
giao 2.457m/thng/my (t 106% k hoch),
cao hn so vi k lc nm 2015 (2.273m/thng/
my). y l k lc v tc khoan thng mi
ca Vietsovpetro t trc n nay.

PETROVIETNAM

Vietsovpetro t mc tiu khai thc an ton trn 5 triu tn du/condensate v 188 triu m3 kh trong nm 2017.
nh: Vietsovpetro

nm 2016, Vietsovpetro khai thc trn 223


triu tn du th, cung cp vo b trn 30,9 t
m3 kh ng hnh.

M Bch H. nh: VSP

Do gi du duy tr mc thp,
Vietsovpetro n lc tng cng
vic t thc hin, gim thu ngoi,
qun l s dng ngn sch tit kim
v hiu qu, cng nh gin tin
mt s cng vic cha thc s cn
thit. Tng tit gim chi tiu L 09-1
c t 138 triu USD, vt khong
20% so vi Chng trnh tit gim
chi ph hai pha giao ti k hp Hi
ng ngy 29/1/2016.
Trong nm 2016, Vietsovpetro khai
thc 5,04 triu tn du th v cung cp vo
b 1,68 t m3 kh (t 130% k hoch). Trong
, lng kh khai thc t L 09-1 c t
684 triu m3, vt k hoch 284 triu m3 (t
171% k hoch nm). Nh vy, tnh n cui

Trong lnh vc xy dng c bn,


Vietsovpetro hon thnh cng tc xy lp
v a vo hot ng gin RC-9 ti L 09-1
(6/6/2016) sm trc 1 thng 9 ngy so vi k
hoch; lp t gin BK Thin ng ti L 04-3.
Vo 5 gi ngy 7/12/2016, Vietsovpetro bt
u gi dng v a vo khai thc m Thin
ng vi sn lng ban u khong 500.000m3
kh v 200m3 condensate/ngy m.
Trong nm 2016, doanh thu bn du ca
Vietsovpetro t gn 1,7 t USD; np ngn
sch Nh nc pha Vit Nam trn 683 triu
USD; li nhun pha Nga t 121 triu USD,
pha Vit Nam gn 126 triu USD.
Trong nm 2017, Vietsovpetro s trin
khai cc gii php m bo khai thc an
ton vi k hoch sn lng 5 triu tn du/
condensate, sn lng kh thin nhin 188
triu m3, thu gom v cung cp vo b 500
triu m3 kh t L 09-1. Trong cng tc tm
kim thm d, Vietsovpetro thc hin k
hoch khoan thm d vi 14,3 nghn mt
khoan, kt thc khoan v th va 4 ging
L 09-1, khoan 4,68 nghn mt khoan v kt
thc khoan th va 1 ging L 09-3/12. Tr
lng du thu hi tnh ring ca Vietsovpetro
d kin t gn 4 triu tn.

m bo qu ging cho khai thc du


kh, Vietsovpetro tip tc trin khai cc gii
php nhm m bo hon thnh khi lng
trn 55.000m khoan khai thc, kt thc thi
cng 17 ging mi, sa cha ln 22 lt sa
cha ging khoan v ct thn hai ti 14 ging.
Bn cnh , Vietsovpetro tp trung lc lng
m bo tin ch to, lp t, xy dng
a vo khai thc gin nh ThTC-3 trong Qu
II/2017; m bo tin trin khai cc d n:
m rng cng sut nn kh L 09-1, ci hon
h thng cng ngh trn m Rng tng
kh nng tch nc sn phm du...
V cng tc m rng vng hot ng,
Vietsovpetro thc hin nhim v trong
chng trnh cng tc v ngn sch c
ph duyt v cc ngha v i vi cc l hin
c, ng thi tip tc nghin cu tim nng
du kh v kh nng tham gia vo cc l m
Vit Nam, Lin bang Nga, cc nc th ba.
Vi sn lng khai thc trong nm 2017
d kin l 5 triu tn du/condensate (gi k
hoch 50USD/thng v 188 triu m3 kh (gi
2USD/triu BTU), Vietsovpetro c t doanh
thu 1,9 t USD, np ngn sch Nh nc 775
triu USD, li nhun pha Vit Nam gn 142
triu USD v li nhun pha Lin bang Nga
136 triu USD.
Anh Phng

DU KH - S 1/2017

83

QUYT TM CAO - GII PHP HAY - V CH TRC

PV
GAS
vn hnh an ton, hiu qu cc cng trnh kh
Trong nm 2017, Tng cng ty Kh
Vit Nam - CTCP (PV GAS) t mc tiu vn
hnh an ton, hiu qu v m bo an ninh
cc cng trnh kh; kinh doanh hiu qu:
9.244 triu m3 kh, 1.050 nghn tn LPG, 56
nghn tn condensate. ng thi, PV GAS
tp trung kim sot tin , cht lng,
chi ph cc d n u t xy dng: a vo
vn hnh Nh my x l kh C Mau; chun
b v thc hin u t cc d n Nam Cn
Sn 2 - giai on 2, S T Trng, Sao Vng i Nguyt, C Rng , Nh my sn xut
Polypropylene; nng cao h s thu hi LPG
ti Nh my x l kh Dinh C
84

DU KH - S 1/2017

K hoch sn lng vt 7 - 46%


Trong nm 2016, PV GAS tp trung
kim sot, m bo h thng cc cng trnh
kh vn hnh an ton, n nh, cp kh ti
a cho khch hng. Tng cng ty hon
thnh vt mc k hoch sn lng t 7 46%, trong c ch tiu v ch trc k
hoch t 2 - 3 thng; sn xut v cung cp
cho cc khch hng gn 10,4 t m3 kh, 1,5
triu tn LPG, trn 69 nghn tn condensate.
Vi vic trin khai ng b cc gii php, PV
GAS ang tp trung hot ng hiu qu v
hon chnh trong cc khu t thu gom xut nhp khu - vn chuyn - ch bin/ch

bin su - tng tr - dch v - kinh doanh kh


v sn phm kh, tch cc tham gia u t
thng ngun kh; gi vai tr ch o trong
ngnh cng nghip kh Vit Nam, gp phn
quan trng trong vic m bo an ninh
nng lng quc gia.
PV GAS tch cc hon thnh cng
tc m phn, k kt cc hp ng/ph lc
hp ng vi khch hng v vic p dng
gi kh, cc ph mi, xy dng v ban hnh
p dng Quy ch kinh doanh sn phm
kh; xy dng v trin khai Chin lc kinh
doanh bn l LPG. Cng tc bo dng sa
cha, kim nh hiu chun cc cng trnh

PETROVIETNAM

PV GAS ang qun l 4 h thng


kh vi trn 1.200km ng ng, 2 nh
my x l kh, 12 kho cha kh ha lng
LPG vi cng sut gn 100.000 tn... C
s h tng ca ngnh cng nghip kh
c xy dng tng i hon chnh
t thu gom, ch bin, vn chuyn, tng
tr v phn phi kh. Vic a cc cng
trnh kh trng im vo vn hnh
gp phn nng cao hiu qu s dng
ngun ti nguyn thin nhin ca t
nc, to ng lc thc y s pht
trin kinh t - x hi.
tit gim chi ph, h gi thnh sn phm, nng
cao nng sut lao ng, hiu qu sn xut kinh
doanh; chun b cc phng n sn sng vi
th trng kh gi cao trong tng lai...
Theo k hoch, PV GAS s kinh doanh hiu
qu: 9.244 triu m3 kh, 1.050 nghn tn LPG,
56 nghn tn condensate. Tp trung kim sot
tin , cht lng, chi ph cc d n u t
xy dng: a vo vn hnh Nh my x l kh
C Mau; chun b v thc hin u t cc d n
Nam Cn Sn 2 - giai on 2, S T Trng, Sao
Vng - i Nguyt, C Rng , Nh my sn xut
Polypropylene; nng cao h s thu hi LPG ti Nh
my x l kh Dinh C...

Kho cng PV GAS. nh: CTV

kh lun c Tng cng ty trin khai theo k


hoch, ng quy trnh, c cht lng v m
bo h thng/cng trnh/nh my hot ng
n nh, lin tc. PV GAS hon thnh cng
tc bo dng sa cha 4 h thng kh, a
vo vn hnh an ton trc tin .
Cc ch tiu ti chnh ca PV GAS trong
nm 2016 u hon thnh vt mc k
hoch t 4 - 9%, ng gp ng k vo ngn
sch Nh nc. Vi mc ng gp khong
14% doanh thu v 25% li nhun ca ton
Tp on, PV GAS nm trong Top cc n v
c t sut li nhun sau thu/vn ch s hu
trn 12%.

m bo tin cc d n kh trng
im
Trong nm 2017, PV GAS t mc tiu
tip tc vn hnh an ton, m bo cng tc
an ninh an ton cc cng trnh, d n kh;
m bo hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh; cung
cp ti a kh v cc sn phm kh cho khch
hng, p ng trn 70% nhu cu LPG trong
nc. Trn c s , Tng cng ty tp trung
kim sot, m bo tin cc d n chun
b v thc hin u t; y mnh cng tc
pht trin th trng tiu th kh; gia tng th
phn bn l LPG ln n 30% trong nc. PV
GAS tip tc thc hin cc gii php tit kim,

Tng cng ty tip tc tit gim chi ph trong


mi hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh, u t, ti
chnh; nng cao nng sut lao ng; trin khai
tch cc H thng qun tr ngun nhn lc v
Phng n ti cu trc giai on 2016 - 2020
nng cao hiu qu hot ng sn xut kinh
doanh; la chn thu gom cc ngun kh trong
nc, tm kim cc ngun kh ngoi nc, tham
gia u t thng ngun.
Trong giai on 2016 - 2025, PV GAS t
mc tiu tng trng bnh qun trn 10%/nm,
tng ti sn n nm 2020 gp 2 ln nm 2015,
tr thnh doanh nghip kh mnh, hiu qu, c
sc cnh tranh cao; gi vng vai tr ch o trong
cng nghip kh trn ton quc, phn u tr
thnh doanh nghip kh hng u khu vc ng
Nam (ASEAN) v c tn trong cc thng hiu
kh mnh ca chu .

Hng Minh

DU KH - S 1/2017

85

QUYT TM CAO - GII PHP HAY - V CH TRC

BSR Y MNH NG DNG

KHOA HC K THUT, TI U HA SN XUT


Cha khi no Cng ty
TNHH MTV Lc ha du Bnh
Sn (BSR) phi i mt vi
nhiu kh khn nh nm
2016 do bin ng gi du
th v sn phm; chnh
sch thu nhp khu xng
du cn bt cp, cch tnh
thu sut cho sn phm cho
xng du Dung Qut cha
bnh ng so vi sn phm
ca cc nc c hng
thu nhp khu u i c
bit theo Hip nh Thng
mi t do (FTA) Tuy
nhin, BSR vng vng
vt thch thc, a sn
lng ca Nh my Lc du
Dung Qut v ch trc 52
ngy, doanh thu tng thm
12.000 t ng.
86

DU KH - S 1/2017

Doanh thu tng thm 12 nghn t ng


Vo 21 gi ngy 9/11/2016, BSR chnh thc
hon thnh ch tiu sn lng sn xut 5,8 triu tn
sn phm, v ch sm 52 ngy so vi k hoch Tp
on Du kh Vit Nam giao. Sn lng sn xut c
nm t 6,84 triu tn (vt 17,16%), sn lng tiu
th t 6,8 triu tn (vt 16,47%), doanh thu t
72.516 t ng (vt 3%), np ngn sch Nh nc
c t 11.986 t ng (tng ng 0,5 t USD).
c c kt qu ny phi k n nt tht
v chnh sch thu c Chnh ph g. Vi Quyt
nh s 1725/Q-TTg ngy 3/9/2016, Chnh ph
b quy nh thu iu tit i vi sn phm lc ha
du do BSR sn xut, ch bin tiu th trong nc t
ngy 1/1/2017.
ng Trn Ngc Nguyn - Tng gim c BSR
phn tch: Vi quyt nh ny, BSR s ch ng cnh
tranh trn th trng. Hin nay, BSR mi sn xut p
ng c 40% nhu cu, cn 60% nhu cu xng du
vn phi nhp khu. V vy vic a gi xng du
cnh tranh vi sn phm ngoi nhp l iu kin rt

tt cc doanh nghip phn phi xng du mua sn


phm ca BSR trong thi gian ti. Khi sn lng tiu
th tng, Nh my Lc du Dung Qut s vn hnh
cng sut ti u (110%), gp phn nng cao hiu qu
kinh t cho doanh nghip - nh nc v x hi.
Trong nm 2016, BSR tit gim c 633,08
t ng t nng cao hiu qu ch bin, sn xut, tit
gim chi ph sn xut kinh doanh, vt k hoch
43%. Cng tc bo dng thng xuyn c t
chc v thc hin vi nhiu ci tin v ti u, m
bo vn hnh Nh my Lc du Dung Qut an ton
v n nh 105 - 107% cng sut. Nm 2016, BSR
t chc thc hin 52.357 lt bo dng phng
nga (PM) v 8.500 lt sa cha (CM) cho khong
67.000 thit b c trn h thng CMMS.
Lm li trn 130 triu USD
Trong 7 nm vn hnh, qun l Nh my Lc
du Dung Qut, BSR c 130 sng kin, lm li cho
Nh nc 128,9 triu USD; c 596 ci tin Kaizen,
lm li 1,85 triu USD v thc hin 33 ti/nhim
v nghin cu khoa hc. Trong , c th k n cc

PETROVIETNAM

Tng 10% cng sut tc l Nh


my Lc du Dung Qut s lc thm
khong 15.000 thng du/ngy,
trong khi chi ph nhn lc, qun l
khng thay i; chi ph nng lng,
ha phm, xc tc ch tng 5 - 7%.
Khi hot ng cng sut 104 105% cng sut thit k, Nh my
Lc du Dung Qut s to thm li
nhun khong 4,6 triu USD/nm.

Nh my Lc du Dung Qut c vn hnh an ton v n nh 105 - 107% cng sut. nh: BSR

Lnh o BSR t mc tiu sn xut trn 5,13 triu tn sn phm trong nm 2017. nh: BSR

sng kin tiu biu nh: Thu hi hon ton


du thi nh ti Phn xng chng ct du
th (CDU) vi gi tr lm li khong 8,51 triu
USD/nm; Ti u ha c cu sn phm ca
Nh my Lc du Dung Qut em li hiu qu
kinh t cao (khong 12,6 triu USD/nm)...
BSR hp tc vi Solomon (n v
chuyn nh gi xp loi cc nh my lc du
trn th gii) xc nh v tr ca Nh my
Lc du Dung Qut trong 400 nh my lc
du trn th gii. T phn tch ca Solomon,
Shell Global khuyn ngh BSR trin khai cc

gii php k thut nng cao hiu qu ch


bin ca Nh my Lc du Dung Qut. Trn
c s , Phng K thut BSR chn 17 gii
php p dng ti cc phn xng ca Nh
my Lc du Dung Qut nh: gim t l hi
lu thp NHT Splitter T1202, gim t l tun
hon hydro (H2:Oil) Phn xng CCR (giai
on 1), gim p sut u ra my nn MAB,
gim tiu th MPS ti thit b phn ng ca
phn xng RFCC, hn ch x uc D2401...
Hin nay, BSR ang p dng 11 gii php, mi
thng tit kim khong 3,6 t ng.

Trn c s , BSR ang tp trung trin


khai cc nhm gii php ngn hn (ti u ha
nng lng; ti u ha cng ngh, sn xut v
sng kin ci tin; du th v sn phm; ti
u ha ha phm - xc tc; tit gim chi ph;
cng tc qun l; d n nhp cu t) v nhm
gii php di hn nng cao hiu qu vn
hnh. C th, BSR nghin cu, trin khai
cc gii php tit kim nng lng; nng cng
sut vn hnh ca mt s phn xng CDU
(110%), NHT/ISOM (115%), KTU (130%); a
vo s dng ha phm loi Fe v Ca trong du
th nhm tit kim chi ph xc tc RFCC, ti u
ha s dng xc tc RFCC, th nghim thnh
cng v a vo s dng cht c ch nickel,
thit lp chng trnh ti u v th nghim
hp ph xc tc...
Mc tiu ca BSR trong giai on 2016
- 2020 l duy tr hiu qu vn hnh (OA) trn
95% vi cng sut trung bnh 100% cng sut
thit k ban u (148.000 thng/ngy); hiu
qu s dng nng lng (EII) v chi ph bo
tr bo dng (MEI) nm trong nhm dn
u ca khu vc theo nh gi ca Solomon;
ch bin du/hn hp du ngt nh c hm
lng lu hunh thp hn 0,14% khi lng;
ch bin thm nguyn liu t naphtha/
condensate trong nc v nhp khu...
Trong nm 2017, BSR tp trung thc
hin 4 mc tiu ln: vn hnh an ton, n
nh, hiu qu; trin khai D n nng cp, m
rng Nh my Lc du Dung Qut; thc hin
l trnh c phn ha v bo dng tng th
ln th 3. Theo k hoch, BSR s sn xut trn
5,13 triu tn sn phm; doanh thu t trn
62 nghn t ng; np ngn sch Nh nc
trn 7,1 nghn t ng.

c Chnh - Hng Minh

DU KH - S 1/2017

87

QUYT TM CAO - GII PHP HAY - V CH TRC

PVFCCo

M RNG QUY M SN XUT HA CHT


Ngoi sn phm phn bn ch
lc, Tng cng ty Phn bn v Ha
cht Du kh - CTCP (PVFCCo) v
ang trin khai cc d n sn xut
ha cht, nhm a dng ha sn
phm v nng cao hiu qu sn xut
kinh doanh. Trong , kinh nghim
vn hnh Nh my m Ph M s
l mt li th ln ca PVFCCo trong
qu trnh tham gia u t xy dng
d n.
88

DU KH - S 1/2017

ic Nh my m Ph M vn hnh
an ton, n nh, vt cng sut
thit k trong nm 2016 l yu t
quan trng nht gip PVFCCo hon thnh sm
cc ch tiu sn xut kinh doanh, gi vng v
th l doanh nghip hng u Vit Nam trong
lnh vc sn xut v kinh doanh phn bn.
Sn lng sn xut ca Nh my m Ph M
t 818 nghn tn (vt 2,2% so vi k hoch
nm), sn lng tiu th t 830 nghn tn
(t 100% k hoch nm). Trong qu trnh
vn hnh Nh my m Ph M, PVFCCo p

dng hiu qu cc b nh mc tiu hao ha


cht v nng lng, d phng vt t ti thiu
hp l, ph hp vi tnh hnh sn xut thc t.
Ngy 3/8/2016, Nh my m Ph M ln th
2 c nhn Chng ch vn hnh xut sc
do Haldor Topsoe A/S (an Mch) - nh cung
cp bn quyn cng ngh sn xut Ammonia
(NH3) - trao tng. Xng sn xut NH3 ca Nh
my m Ph M hot ng n nh lin
tc trong 279 ngy m (t ngy 21/9/2015 27/6/2016), vt mc thnh tch 188 ngy t
c trc .

PETROVIETNAM

PVFCCo k Bin bn ghi nh vi i tc Nht Bn nghin cu tin kh thi d n u t xy dng Nh my NH3. nh: PVFCCo

kin s tng mnh khi D n nng cng sut


Xng NH3 i vo hot ng trong nm 2017.
PVFCCo tham gia u t v a Nh my sn
xut CO2 lng vi cng sut thit k 47,5
nghn tn/nm vo vn hnh thng mi t
thng 7/2016...

Nh my m Ph M. nh: PVFCCo

Mc d th trng phn bn trong nc


cung vt cu, song PVFCCo vn gi vng nhp
tng trng do tip tc m rng h thng
phn phi. n nay, PVFCCo c 77 i l/ca
hng cp 1, 8 ca hng kinh doanh phn bn
v ha cht, 3.000 ca hng cp 2. Kt thc
nm 2016, PVFCCo t doanh thu 8,16 nghn
t ng, li nhun hp nht sau thu t 1,14
nghn t ng, t sut li nhun hp nht sau
thu/vn ch s hu bnh qun t 13,6%.
Ngoi sn phm phn bn ch lc,
PVFCCo ang trin khai cc d n sn xut
ha cht. Sn lng NH3 do PVFCCo sn xut
t 32,7 nghn tn trong nm 2016 v d

Trong nm 2016, PVFCCo k kt Bin


bn ghi nh vi cc i tc Nht Bn gm UBE
Industries Ltd. (UBE) v Sojitz Corporation
(Sojitz) nghin cu c hi u t xy dng
Nh my Ammonia (NH3) v cc dn xut t
ngun kh ti khu vc ng Nam B. Theo ,
cc bn s hp tc nghin cu tin kh thi
d n sn xut NH3 ti khu vc ng Nam B,
vi cng sut d kin t 1.500 - 2.000 tn/
ngy v kh nng ch bin cc dn xut t
NH3, CO2... Nh my s p ng nhu cu NH3
ngy cng tng sn xut cc sn phm
ngoi urea nh phn DAP, AS, cao su v cc
sn phm ha du.
D n ny nm trong chin lc pht
trin di hn ca PVFCCo nhm tr thnh
doanh nghip hng u ti Vit Nam v khu
vc trong lnh vc phn bn v ha cht, trong
c bit ch trng n lnh vc ha cht.
PVFCCo ang vn hnh an ton v hiu qu
Nh my m Ph M t nm 2004 v ang
thc hin nng cng sut Xng NH3 thuc
Nh my m Ph M t 450.000 tn ln
540.000 tn/nm. Kinh nghim vn hnh Nh
my m Ph M trong c Xng NH3 s l

Xng NH3 l mt trong nhng


phn xng quan trng nht ca
Nh my m Ph M. T khi i vo
hot ng vo nm 2004, Nh my
m Ph M lun hot ng n
nh, an ton, hiu qu. Nhm nng
cao nng lc hot ng ca Xng,
PVFCCo ang trin khai d n nng
cng xut Xng NH3 t 450.000 tn/
nm ln 540.000 tn/nm, d kin s
hon thnh vo cui nm 2017. Sn
lng NH3 tng thm s c s dng
lm nguyn liu cho nh my sn
xut phn bn NPK Ph M v mt
phn p ng nhu cu NH3 trong nc
hin cn thiu ht rt ln.
mt li th ln ca PVFCCo trong vic tham gia
u t xy dng Nh my NH3 cng sut tng
ng, c bit vic hp tc vi cc i tc ln
trong ngnh sn xut v kinh doanh ha cht
s gip PVFCCo m rng th phn ha cht ti
th trng Vit Nam v khu vc.
Trong nm 2017, PVFCCo duy tr sn xut
n nh, thc hin thnh cng t bo dng
Nh my m Ph M; m bo tin d
n, a vo hot ng Xng NH3 (nng cng
sut) v Nh my NPK Ph M; chun b th
trng cho cc sn phm mi.

Bi H

DU KH - S 1/2017

89

QUYT TM CAO - GII PHP HAY - V CH TRC

PVCFC

Y MNH NGHIN CU PHT TRIN SN PHM MI


nh hng chin lc ca Cng ty
CP Phn bn Du kh C Mau (PVCFC)
trong thi gian ti l y mnh cng
tc nghin cu pht trin sn phm
mi, a dng ha sn phm, pht
trin dng sn phm c hiu qu cao,
thn thin vi mi trng trn nn
tng ct li l urea ht c ca m C
Mau, nhm nng cao gi tr gia tng,
tham gia hiu qu vo chui gi tr gia
tng sn phm nng nghip.

90

DU KH - S 1/2017

Nng cng sut Nh my m C Mau


ln 110%
Nm 2016, hot ng sn xut kinh
doanh ca Cng ty CP Phn bn Du kh C
Mau (PVCFC) i mt vi nhiu kh khn. Gi
urea th gii v trong nc mc thp nht
trong 5 nm tr li y. Gi FOB urea ht c
Trung ng gim trn 28,1% so vi cng k
nm 2015 ko theo gi bn urea m C Mau
thp hn cng k nm 2015 khong 18,4%.
Do tc ng tiu cc ca tnh trng bin i
kh hu, hn hn, xm nhp mn trn quy
m ln, c bit l khu vc ng bng sng
Cu Long, Campuchia l th trng chnh ca
PVCFC gy thit hi ln n tnh hnh sn

xut nng nghip, khin nhu cu tiu th urea


gim mnh. Vic khng p dng thu gi tr
gia tng vi mt hng phn bn lm tng
chi ph nh hng n kt qu sn xut kinh
doanh ca doanh nghip. Tnh trng hng gi,
hng km cht lng trn th trng phn
bn cha c kim sot cht ch...
Trong iu kin cn nhiu kh khn,
PVCFC vn hnh an ton, hiu qu Nh
my m C Mau vi cng sut trung bnh
103% v trong cui nm nng cng sut
ln 110%, hon thnh vt mc k hoch sn
xut v tiu th phn bn. Nm 2016, sn
lng sn xut urea quy i ca m C Mau
t 804 nghn tn, t 102% k hoch nm;

PETROVIETNAM

doanh; qun tr cht ch chi ph, m bo gi


thnh cnh tranh... Tng gim c PVCFC Bi
Minh Tin cho bit trong 5 nm qua, Cng ty
y mnh cng tc nghin cu, pht trin
v tip tc ra mt sn phm phn bn mi
vi nhiu tnh nng hiu qu, cung cp thm
gii php dinh dng tt nht cho cc loi cy
trng.
Sn phm phn bn mi N46.Plus m
PVCFC cung cp cho th trng cui nm
2016 c ph lp N Dual Protect bo v m
kp cng ngh chu u ca Solvay (B) - mt
tp on ha cht v vt liu tin tin quc
t, gip gim tht thot m ti a, gia tng
hiu qu khi s dng, gip tit kim 20 - 30%
lng phn bn so vi s dng urea thng
thng. N46.Plus c cha cht ph gia sinh
hc thn thin vi mi trng. sn xut
sn phm mi ny, PVCFC u t h thng
my mc dy chuyn cng ngh hin i, tip
tc khng nh thng hiu phn bn uy tn
ti th trng trong nc v khu vc ng
Nam . Sn phm phn bn N46.Plus c

PVCFC tp trung phn phi ti khu vc ng


bng sng Cu Long vi cy trng chnh l la,
ng, cy n qu, rau, hoa mu, ma v vng
ng Nam B - Ty Nguyn vi cc loi cy
trng chnh l c ph, tiu, cao su, ng, ch,
ma, sn. Sau m C Mau v N.Humate+TE,
N46.Plus s l sn phm chin lc PVCFC
xut khu sang th trng cc nc trong khu
vc ng Nam .
nh hng chin lc ca PVCFC trong
thi gian ti l y mnh cng tc nghin
cu pht trin sn phm mi phn khc th
trng tim nng, ph hp vi nh hng
pht trin ca nn nng nghip nc nh,
cng nh nh hng xut khu sn phm
cht lng cao vo cc th trng kh tnh
trn th gii; nghin cu a dng ha sn
phm, pht trin nhng dng sn phm c
hiu qu cao, thn thin vi mi trng trn
nn tng ct li l urea ht c ca m C
Mau, nhm nng cao gi tr gia tng, tham gia
hiu qu vo chui gi tr gia tng sn phm
nng nghip.

Lan Anh

Nh my m C Mau. nh: PVCFC

sn lng tiu th urea quy i t 813,76


nghn tn t 104% k hoch nm.
Nghin cu pht trin sn phm mi
Trong nm 2017, PVCFC tip tc bm st
chin lc, ch ng trin khai cc gii php
ton din nhm tip tc duy tr v th s 1 ti
ng bng sng Cu Long; gia tng th phn
ti khu vc ng Nam B, Campuchia; pht
trin ti th trng Ty Nguyn, min Trung,
min Bc; ng thi y mnh kinh doanh v
phn phi trn b sn phm phn bn khc
ti u ha kh nng sinh li, nng cao gi tr
gia tng.
Cng ty tip tc y mnh cc phong
tro nghin cu, i mi, sng to nhm tit
kim chi ph, nng cao hiu qu sn xut kinh

PVCFC y mnh nghin cu sn phm hiu qu cao, thn thin vi mi trng. nh: PVCFC
DU KH - S 1/2017

91

QUYT TM CAO -- GII PHP HAY - V CH TRC

VIN DU KH VIT NAM:

LY NGHIN CU NG DNG LM TRNG TM


Trong nm 2017, Vin Du kh Vit
Nam (VPI) t chc thc hin hiu qu
phong tro thi ua lao ng gii, lao
ng sng to, sng kin ci tin k
thut, tp trung nng cao cht lng,
gi tr thc tin v tnh ng dng ca
cc nghin cu khoa hc nhm tng
hiu qu qun tr v nng sut lao
ng, m bo hot ng n nh v
pht trin bn vng.

VPI tp trung nng cao cht lng, gi tr thc tin v tnh ng dng ca cc nghin cu khoa hc. nh: Ngc Linh

c d cc cng ty/nh thu


du kh trong nm 2016 tip
tc ct gim kinh ph nghin
cu khoa hc, dng/gin tin d n do
gi du gim, nhng cc nh khoa hc,
ngi lao ng ca Vin Du kh Vit Nam
vt qua kh khn, trin khai thc hin 344
hp ng nghin cu khoa hc cng ngh;
thc hin phn tch mu theo hp ng
khung; c phn bin, nhn xt 24 bo co
RAR, ODP, FDP... cho Tp on Du kh Vit
Nam v B Cng Thng.
Theo Vin trng TS. Nguyn Anh c,
Vin Du kh Vit Nam tp trung nng cao
cht lng khoa hc cng ngh, trin khai cc
nghin cu c tnh ng dng cao; pht trin
cc sn phm c trng (phn mm x l c
bit, anode hy sinh nhm, chng ng cn,
cht n chng n mn, y mnh hot ng
sng kin sng ch...) v tp trung pht trin
ngun lc, a vo s dng cng trnh Trung
92

DU KH - S 1/2017

tm Phn tch Th nghim v Vn phng ti Tp.


H Ch Minh.
c bit, Vin Du kh Vit Nam y
mnh xy dng, trin khai cc chng trnh
nghin cu di hn: Nghin cu cu trc a
cht v cc iu kin hnh thnh kh hydrate
vng nc su thm lc a khu vc min
Trung v ng Nam B; Nghin cu t hp
cc phng php a cht - a vt l d bo
cc by phi cu to trong trm tch Miocene
- Pliocene khu vc trung tm b trm tch
Nam Cn Sn, ng Nam thm lc a Vit
Nam; Nghin cu ng dng v pht trin
nghin cu cng ngh ch to ph gia ZSM5 t cc ngun nguyn liu trong nc dng
tng hiu sut propylene ca Phn xng
RFCC...
Trong nm 2016, Vin Du kh Vit Nam
y mnh cng tc ng k bn quyn
sng ch, gii php hu ch, c Cc S

hu Tr tu (B Khoa hc v Cng ngh) chp


nhn 13 n ng k sng ch/gii php hu
ch: Quy trnh th nghim qu trnh ngng
t kh condensate vng cn y ging; Quy
trnh m phng qu trnh ngng t pha lng
trong lng ging; Quy trnh cy kim loi tun
hon lm gim hot tnh cht xc tc
cracking tng si thng mi; Cht xc tc
dng cho qu trnh cracking xc tc naphtha
v condensate v phng php ch to cht
xc tc ny; Quy trnh phc hi hot tnh cht
xc tc vanadium pentoxide thi, cht xc tc
thi c phc hi hot tnh v quy trnh
hon nguyn cht xc tc ny cho qu trnh
sn xut acid sulfuric; Quy trnh sn xut xng
c tr s octane cao t ngun condensate; Vt
liu gel kh (aerogel) dng hp ph du
trn v nc thi nhim du v quy trnh ch
to vt liu ny; Ch phm ra tay dng gel
v quy trnh iu ch ch phm ny; Phng
php sn xut kh hydro t kh t nhin c hm

PETROVIETNAM

lng kh carbon dioxide cao; Phng php


sn xut diesel sinh hc gc B100; Ch phm
sinh hc c kh nng phn hy du; Chng vi
khun Pseudomonas Mendocina VPI-BR x
l nhim du; Phng php thu hi mui
ca cc kim loi t him c trong cht xc
tc ca qu trnh cracking xc tc tng si
qua s dng... Vin Du kh Vit Nam c sn
phm anode hy sinh nhm c chn vo
Top 10 sn phm T ho tr tu lao ng Vit
Nam 2016 v 1 sng kin c Tp on Du
kh Vit Nam cng nhn: Xy dng phng
php v chng trnh tnh ton phn chia
sn phm du cho cc ging khai thc ng
thi nhiu tng sn phm.
Trong nm 2017, Vin Du kh Vit Nam
xy dng k hoch nghin cu khoa hc gn
lin vi hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca
Tp on Du kh Vit Nam, tip tc nng cao
cht lng, gi tr nghin cu khoa hc, ly
nghin cu ng dng lm trng tm; ng
thi tip tc y mnh vic trin khai cc
chng trnh nghin cu di hn: iu tra,
nh gi cu trc a cht, a ng lc v

qu trnh pht trin trm tch Pliocene -


T vng nc su xa b phc v pht trin
kinh t bin; Xy dng chng trnh tng th
p dng cc gii php nng cao h s thu hi
du (EOR) cho cc m du kh ti thm lc
a Vit Nam; Tit kim nng lng v hao
ht nhm gim chi ph sn xut, tng hiu
qu hot ng cho cc nh my lc ha du;
Nghin cu pht trin v ng dng cc gii
php cng ngh khai thc, vn chuyn, s
dng hiu qu cc m v ang chun b
a vo pht trin, khai thc...
c bit, Vin Du kh Vit Nam tip tc
nghin cu hon thin cng ngh sn xut
anode hy sinh ng dng trong chng n
mn v bo v kim loi; pht trin cc sn
phm thng mi: sn xut ha cht khai
thc (chng ng cn, deoiler), sn phm
thng dng (cn ra tay), phn mm du
kh chuyn dng... Bn cnh , Vin Du kh
Vit Nam tp trung n nh c cu t chc v
m hnh T m bo chi thng xuyn v chi
u t theo Ngh nh 54/2016/N-CP ngy
14/6/2016 ca Chnh ph quy nh c ch t

Trung tm Phn tch Th nghim


c u t h thng trang thit b
hin i v phn mm chuyn dng
s gip Vin Du kh Vit Nam phn
tch ton din cc loi mu li, mu
lu th (du, kh, nc), cc phn
tch c bit v nng cao h s thu
hi du (EOR)... tit kim chi ph gi
v phn tch mu nc ngoi, tit
kim thi gian cho nh thu, bo
mt thng tin du kh ca quc gia.
Cng trnh ny s gip Tp on Du
kh Vit Nam/Vin Du kh Vit Nam
lm ch k thut phn tch tin tin
nht, cc thit b th nghim hin
i nht, y mnh cng tc nghin
cu khoa hc, pht trin ng dng
i mi v chuyn giao cng ngh,
tng cng hp tc quc t, gn
kt nghin cu - ng dng - o to
nhm nng cao hiu qu sn xut
kinh doanh.
ch ca t chc khoa hc v cng ngh cng
lp; tng cng hp tc, m rng i tng v
phm vi cung cp dch v khoa hc cng ngh;
tng cng o to ngun nhn lc, tp trung
trin khai k hoch o to chuyn su, pht
trin chuyn gia, u tin o to theo cc nh
hng nghin cu di hn.
thc hin thnh cng cc nhim v
ny, Vin Du kh Vit Nam v ang thc
hin ng b cc gii php, y mnh phong
tro thi ua lao ng gii, lao ng sng to,
sng kin ci tin k thut, tp trung nng
cao cht lng, gi tr thc tin v tnh ng
dng ca cc nghin cu khoa hc nhm
tng hiu qu qun tr v nng sut lao
ng, thc hin cc mc tiu ra trong
giai on 2016 - 2020.

Quang Minh

Cng ty du kh nc ngoi tham quan Trung tm Phn tch Th nghim ca Vin Du kh Vit Nam. nh: L Khoa
DU KH - S 1/2017

93

QUYT TM CAO - GII PHP HAY - V CH TRC

PV Power

T MC TIU SN XUT TRN 21 T KWH IN


Nm 2016, sn lng in sn
xut ca Tp on Du kh Quc gia
Vit Nam v ch trc k hoch 14
ngy, vt 930 triu kWh (4,6%),
gi vng v tr nh cung cp in ln
th hai ca t nc. t c
kt qu ny, Tng cng ty in lc
Du kh Vit Nam (PV Power) thc
hin cc gii php ti u ha sn
xut, vn hnh cc nh my in an
ton, n nh, hiu qu, vt cng
sut thit k.

94

DU KH - S 1/2017

Sn lng in t trn 21 t kWh


Tng cng ty vn hnh an ton, n
nh cc nh my in; p ng nhu cu ph
ti huy ng ca Tp on in lc Vit Nam
(EVN), Trung tm iu H thng in Quc
gia (A0), huy ng ti a cng sut ca cc nh
my in, bo m cung cp in cho li in
quc gia theo ng k hoch. Nm 2016, cc
nh my u vn hnh an ton, n nh, hiu
qu, vt cng sut thit k: Nh my in C
Mau 1 & 2 t 8,13 t kWh (vt 10% so vi k
hoch nm); Nh my in Nhn Trch 1 t
3,56 t kWh (vt 32%), Nh my in Nhn

Trch 2 t 5,22 t kWh (vt 21%), Nh my


Thy in Nm Ct t 14,5 triu kWh (vt
12%)... Tng sn lng in sn xut ca PV
Power t trn 21 t kWh, tng doanh thu t
26.522 t ng, np ngn sch Nh nc 1.126
t ng, li nhun sau thu t 1.595 t ng.
Cng tc bo dng sa cha cc nh
my in m bo cht lng, an ton v theo
k hoch thng nht vi EVN/A0, trong
, cng tc tiu tu Nh my Thy in Ha
Na vt tin 3 ngy so vi k hoch; Nh
my Thy in krinh vt 6 ngy so vi k
hoch...

PETROVIETNAM

Cng tc bo dng, sa cha ti cc nh my in m bo cht lng, tin . nh: PV Power

Nm 2016, Tp on Du kh Vit Nam ngh b sung vo Quy hoch


pht trin in lc quc gia cc d n Nh my in Nhn Trch 3 & 4 vi quy m
cng sut khong 750 - 800MW/nh my ti khu cng nghip ng Ko, huyn
Nhn Trch, tnh ng Nai. on cng tc ca B Cng Thng i kim tra
thc t c s h tng m bo xy dng Nh my in Nhn Trch 3 & 4. Th
trng B Cng Thng Hong Quc Vng yu cu Tp on Du kh Vit Nam/
PV Power chun b cc ngun lc, c th trin khai xy dng sm 2 d n Nh
my in Nhn Trch 3 & 4 ngay sau khi Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt, p
ng tin pht in thng mi vo nm 2020 - 2021.
Nh my in Nhn Trch 2. nh: PVN

Tnh n nay, PV Power ang c 4 n


v tham gia th trng pht in cnh tranh,
ang qun l vn hnh Nh my in Nhn
Trch 1, Nh my in Nhn Trch 2, Nh
my Thy in Ha Na, Nh my Thy in
krinh. Sau hn 4 nm tham gia th trng
pht in cnh tranh, cc nh my u vn
hnh an ton, n nh, hiu qu, vt cng
sut thit k. Trong , Nh my in Nhn
Trch 2 c cc chuyn gia nh gi c u
th vt tri v k thut, cng ngh, tin
cy, tnh kh dng v hiu sut cao, c kh
nng vn hnh linh hot trong di cng sut
ln t 110 - 750MW. Cng ty CP in lc Du
kh Nhn Trch 2 thng xuyn trin khai cc
gii php ti u qu trnh vn hnh, qun
tr chi ph sn xut nhm nng cao hiu qu
sn xut kinh doanh. Vi phng chm Thn

thin - Hiu qu - An ton, Cng ty CP in


lc Du kh Nhn Trch 2 ang nghin cu
trin khai D n thu hi v sn xut CO2 lng
t kh thi Nh my in Nhn Trch 2.
Tp trung ti c cu, c phn ha
Trong thi gian qua, Tng cng ty tch
cc trin khai cng tc ti c cu: sp xp t
chc li cc n v thnh vin, thoi vn ti
cc cng ty con v cng ty lin kt; tng cng
tip xc vi cc i tc chin lc, k kt tha
thun hp tc vi cc nh u t nc ngoi
(nh SK, Kospo, Tohoku, Tan Power...), xc
nh gi tr doanh nghip m bo tin
c phn ha theo ch o ca Chnh ph, B
Cng Thng v Tp on Du kh Vit Nam.
Trong nm 2017, PV Power t mc tiu
sn xut trn 21 t kWh in, doanh thu t

29.000 t ng, li nhun trc thu t


1.367 t ng, np ngn sch Nh nc 1.105
t ng.
Trn c s , Tng cng ty s xy dng
v chun b trin khai cc phng n cho mi
kch bn v gi du th v t gi ngoi t;
phi hp vi cc n v lin quan m bo
cc nh my in sn xut an ton, hiu qu;
tng cng kim sot nh mc kinh t - k
thut, tit gim chi ph nhm h gi thnh
sn xut in; gia tng t l ni a ha i
vi dch v bo dng, sa cha; y mnh
ng dng cng ngh thng tin nng cao
hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh. ng thi,
Tng cng ty tip tc bm st din bin th
trng, xy dng phng n cho gi ti u,
tch cc tham gia th trng pht in cnh
tranh.
Thy Hng
DU KH - S 1/2017

95

CNG B KT QU NGHIN CU KHOA HC

DANH MC CC TI/NHIM V
NGHIN CU KHOA HC HON THNH NM 2016
Trong nm 2016, Vin Du kh Vit Nam v cc n v nghin cu trong nc hon thnh 43 ti/nhim v nghin
cu khoa hc v pht trin cng ngh phc v cho nhu cu sn xut kinh doanh ca Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit Nam. Cc
ti ny c cc Hi ng xt duyt nghim thu cp Tp on nghim thu hon thnh v kt qu nghin cu ang c
lu tr ti Trung tm Lu tr Du kh (PAC) - Vin Du kh Vit Nam. Tp ch Du kh trn trng gii thiu vi bn c danh mc
cc ti/nhim v nghin cu khoa hc hon thnh v c nghim thu trong nm 2016. Bn c c th tham kho thng
tin thm v danh mc cc ti/nhim v nghin cu khoa hc hon thnh trc trn Tp ch Du kh hoc trn website
www.nckh.pvn.vn.
TT
I
1
2
3
4
5
II
1

3
4
5

96

ti/Nhim v

n v
ch tr

Ni lu tr
kt qu
nghin cu

VPI/EPC

PAC/VPI/EPC

VPI/EPC

PAC/VPI/EPC

VPI/EPC

PAC/VPI/EPC

VPI/EPC

PAC/VPI/EPC

VPI/EPC

PAC/VPI/EPC

VPI/PVPro

PAC/VPI/PVPro

592/BB-DKVN
29/1/2016

VPI/PVPro

PAC/VPI/PVPro

592/BB-DKVN
29/1/2016

VPI/PVPro

PAC/VPI/PVPro

VPI/EPC

PAC/VPI/EPC

VPI/PVPro

PAC/VPI/PVPro

3416/BB-DKVN
7/6/2016

VPI/CTAT

PAC/VPI/CTAT

3416/BB-DKVN
7/6/2016

Ng Xun Hng

PVMTC

PAC/PVMTC

4576/BB-DKVN
29/7/2016

Trn Th Nh Mai

HKHTN

PAC/HKHTN

4576/BB-DKVN
29/7/2016

Nguyn B Khoa

VPI/PVPro PAC/VPI/PVPro

5309/BB-DKVN
29/8/2016

Ch nhim

LNH VC TM KIM THM D, KHAI THC DU KH


Xy dng m hnh a cht v m hnh m phng
Phm Trng Giang
thy ng lc cho m kh C Voi Xanh, L 117 - 119
Nghin cu, nh gi v ti u m hnh khai thc,
Nguyn Vn
chnh xc ha m hnh a cht m Nagumanov
Minh gii ti liu a chn 2D D n iu tra c bn
kho st a chn 2D lin kt cc b trm tch trn Trnh Xun Cng
thm lc a Vit Nam (D n PVN-12)
Nghin cu phc v qun l khai thc cc m du
Nguyn Minh Qu
kh do nh thu nc ngoi iu hnh ti Vit Nam
Nghin cu phc v qun l khai thc cc m du
L Th Hng
kh ti d n Nhenhetxky Lin bang Nga
LNH VC HA - CH BIN DU KH
NVTX: Phn tch, nh gi tnh cht kh m Thng
Long v Diamond nhm b sung cho H thng c s Nguyn Xun Hp
d liu du kh Vit Nam
NVTX: Phn tch, nh gi tnh cht sn phm m S
T Vng Ty Nam v S T Nu (du th, kh) nhm
Nguyn Th Anh Th
b sung cho H thng c s d liu du kh Vit
Nam
Nghin cu phng n x l xc tc RFCC thi cho
o Th Thanh Xun
Nh my Lc du Dung Qut
Nghin cu tng hp cht dit khun nano bc
C Th Vit Nga
dng cho nc bm p
Nghin cu kh nng sn xut cc sn phm ha
du t ngun nguyn liu kh thin nhin m
Trng Minh Hu
C Voi Xanh
Nghin cu gii php khc phc ng ng cng
ngh trong cc nh my lc ha du, ha cht v
Nguyn Khnh Ton
ch bin du kh c nguy c s c bng vt liu
nano composite chu nhit cao, p sut cao
Nghin cu xc tc lng tnh iu ch Dimethyl ether
Nghin cu nh gi bn cht ca cc tp cht kim
loi Fe, Ni, Ca v Na lng ng trn xc tc FCC cn
bng ca Nh my Lc du Dung Qut, t a ra
hng x l cc kim loi ny trong giai on kh
mui nc ca nguyn liu du th nhm tng hiu
qu hot ng ca phn xng FCC
NVTX: Phn tch, nh gi tnh cht sn phm m
Thi Bnh (kh, condensate) nhm b sung cho H
thng c s d liu du kh Vit Nam
DU KH - S 1/2017

Bin bn hp
nghim thu

3852/BB-DKVN
28/6/2016
3852/BB-DKVN
28/6/2016
6023/BB-DKVN
28/9/2016
7626/BB-DKVN
30/11/2016
7625/BB-DKVN
30/11/2016

1917/BB-DKVN
4/4/2016
1917/BB-DKVN
4/4/2016

PETROVIETNAM

TT

10

11
III
1

4
5
6
7
8

10

11

IV
1
2

3
4

ti/Nhim v
Chng trnh qun l n mn v nh gi ri ro cho
thit b cng ngh m C Voi Xanh giai on 2015 2017. Nghin cu, nh gi n mn thit b cng
ngh v ng ng vn chuyn kh m C Voi Xanh
(giai on 1)
Nghin cu kh nng u t xy dng nh my sn
xut QTA v PTA t ngun nguyn liu p-Xylene ca
cc nh my lc ha du ti Vit Nam
LNH VC AN TON - SC KHE - MI TRNG
Nghin cu iu tra lp bo co nh gi tnh trng
sc khe bnh ngh nghip ca ngi lao ng v
xut cc bin php ngn nga, gim thiu ti cc
n v thnh vin thuc Tp on Du kh Vit Nam
Nghin cu xy dng d tho Quy chun k thut
quc gia quy nh iu kin cho php s dng cht
phn tn ti Vit Nam phc v cng tc ng ph s
c trn du
Xy dng Hng dn thit lp v p dng b ch s
hiu qu an ton cng ngh nhm tng cng hiu
qu qun l an ton cho hot ng lc ha du v
ch bin kh ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam
Nghin cu xut Hng dn thu dn m v
ng ng du kh ngoi khi Vit Nam
nh gi nh hng ca hot ng thm d khai
thc du kh ti mi trng v h sinh thi bin ti
khu vc hot ng du kh bn trng Cu Long
Xy dng Hng dn o to, kim tra, gim st
cng tc bo v mi trng trong hot ng du kh
Bin son (ln u) Brochure thng nin chuyn
an ton sc khe mi trng
Xy dng bn nhy cm mi trng v b sung
k hoch ng ph s c trn du tnh Thanh Ha
Nghin cu nhn din mi nguy v xut bin
php kim sot an ton cho cc nh my s dng
ngun kh c hm lng H2S v CO2 cao t m C
Voi Xanh
Nghin cu xy dng Hng dn thc hin cc quy
nh v lp v trnh np cc ti liu v qun l an
ton theo quy ch qun l an ton trong cc hot
ng du kh
Nghin cu nh gi tc ng mi trng v
xut Hng dn xy dng Chng trnh qun l mi
trng x hi cho cc nh my in s dng kh c
hm lng H2S v CO2 cao t m C Voi Xanh theo
hng tim cn vi tiu chun vay vn quc t
LNH VC KINH T - QUN L
Hon thin c s d liu v phn mm qun l hp
ng du kh trong nc (giai on 2)
nh gi hiu qu qun l chi ph v cc gii php
nng cao hiu qu qun l chi ph trong cc d
n xy dng kho xng du thuc PVN
Vn hnh website thng tin th trng sn phm
du kh; xy dng bo co phn tch d bo th
trng sn phm du kh nm 2015
Nghin cu xut c ch khuyn khch cho cc d
n thu gom kh ng hnh Vit Nam

Ch nhim

n v
ch tr

Ni lu tr
kt qu
nghin cu

Bin bn hp
nghim thu

L Th
Phng Nhung

VPI/CTAT

PAC/VPI/CTAT

5309/BB-DKVN
29/8/2016

Trng Minh Hu

VPI/PVPro

PAC/VPI/PVPro

7377/BB-DKVN
21/11/2016

Hong Thi Lc

VPI/CPSE

PAC/VPI/CPSE

2016/BB-DKVN
6/4/2016

Phm Th Trang Vn

VPI/CPSE

PAC/VPI/CPSE

2016/BB-DKVN
6/4/2016

Phng nh Liu

VPI/CPSE

PAC/VPI/CPSE

2016/BB-DKVN
6/4/2016

Phm Chin Thng

VPI/CPSE

PAC/VPI/CPSE

3288/BB-DKVN
1/6/2016

Bi Hng Dim

VPI/CPSE

PAC/VPI/CPSE

3288/BB-DKVN
1/6/2016

Phm Hng Quang

PVU

PAC/PVU

Hong Nguyn

VPI/CPSE

PAC/VPI/CPSE

inh B Ph

VPI/CPSE

PAC/VPI/CPSE

Bi Th L Anh

VPI/CPSE

PAC/VPI/CPSE

5444/BB-DKVN
6/9/2016

Phm Hng Ngc

VPI/CPSE

PAC/VPI/CPSE

5962/BB-DKVN
26/9/2016

Nguyn nh Phong

VPI/CPSE

PAC/VPI/CPSE

5962/BB-DKVN
26/9/2016

on Vn Thun

VPI/EMC

PAC/VPI/EMC

111/BB-DKVN
7/1/2016

L Vit Trung

VPI/EMC

PAC/VPI/EMC

154/BB-DKVN
11/1/2016

on Tin Quyt

VPI/EMC

PAC/VPI/EMC

2019/BB-DKVN
6/4/2016

Phm Kiu Quang

VPI/EMC

PAC/VPI/EMC

4625/BB-DKVN
2/8/2016

5443/BB-DKVN
6/9/2016
5444/BB-DKVN
6/9/2016
5444/BB-DKVN
6/9/2016

DU KH - S 1/2017

97

CNG B KT QU NGHIN CU KHOA HC

TT

5
6

10
V
1

4
VI
1
2

ti/Nhim v

Kho st, nh gi tng qut hin trng doanh


nghip v xut hng x l i vi Cng ty TNHH
Phan Th M Hnh
MTV ng tu c chng Nhn Trch
Xy dng s tay hng dn ch thng k ca Tp
Trn Tin
on Du kh Quc gia Vit Nam
Xy dng c s d liu v phn mm qun l hot
ng u t ti cc hp ng/d n thm d khai
Nguyn Thu Hng
thc du kh nc ngoi ca Tp on Du kh
Vit Nam
Nghin cu xy dng m hnh qun l tp trung b
m vt t, ph tng thay th ti Tp on Du kh Hong Mnh Anh
Vit Nam
Nghin cu cc phng n tiu th v xut c
L Vit Trung
ch chnh sch thc y pht trin ngun kh C Voi
Xanh
nh gi nh hng ca cc Hip nh Thng mi
t do n hot ng xut bn hng ha ca Tp
Trn Nam Thanh
on Du kh Vit Nam n nm 2030 v xut cc
gii php
LNH VC IN
nh gi cc yu t k thut - cng ngh v xut
k hoch trin khai u t, xy dng cc Nh my Nguyn V Thnh
in s dng ngun kh C Voi Xanh ti min Trung
Nghin cu, nh gi kh nng truyn ti ca H
thng in hin ti v xut gii php k thut
gii phng ht cng sut cm Nh my in kh ti Nguyn V Thnh
khu vc min Trung dng kh t L 118 vi cc kch
bn cng sut n 5.000MW
Nghin cu, nh gi thc trng cng tc t chc,
qun l vn hnh v bo dng sa cha Nh my
Nhit in Vng ng 1 nhm xut cc gii php
V Hng Thi
nng cao hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh cho cc nh
my nhit in tng t ca PVN
Tng kt, nh gi cng tc vn hnh v bo dng
sa cha cc nh my in kh ca PVN xut
V Hng Thi
nh hng trong cng tc iu hnh hot ng v
u t lnh vc in kh ca PVN
LNH VC KHC
Nghin cu phng n t chc cng tc bo dng
Mai Tun t
sa cha cc nh my ca Tp on Du kh Vit Nam
Xy dng phng n phng v an ninh mng ca
Hong Th Dng
Tp on Du kh Vit Nam - giai on 1

Ghi ch:
VPI:
PAC:
EPC:
CTAT:
EMC:
CPSE:
PVPro:
VPI-Labs:
BSR:
PVMTC:
PVU:
HKHTN:

98

Ch nhim

n v
ch tr

Ni lu tr
kt qu
nghin cu

Bin bn hp
nghim thu

VPI/EMC

PAC/VPI/EMC

4672/BB-DKVN
2/8/2016

VPI/EMC

PAC/VPI/EMC

4673/BB-DKVN
3/8/2016

VPI/EMC

PAC/VPI/EMC

5100/BB-DKVN
19/8/2016

VPI/EMC

PAC/VPI/EMC

4723/BB-DKVN
5/8/2016

VPI/EMC

PAC/VPI/EMC

7378/BB-DKVN
21/11/2016

VPI/PVPro

PAC/VPI/PVPro

7407/BB-DKVN
22/11/2016

PCC

PAC/PCC

5126/BB-DKVN
22/8/2016

PCC

PAC/PCC

5126/BB-DKVN
22/8/2016

CTAT

PAC/VPI/CTAT

17/BB-DKVN
3/1/2017

CTAT

PAC/VPI/CTAT

17/BB-DKVN
3/1/2017

BSR

PAC/BSR

PVN

PAC

3266/BB-DKVN
1/6/2016
4252/BB-DKVN
15/7/2016

Phm Vn Huy (gii thiu)


Vin Du kh Vit Nam
Trung tm Lu tr Du kh (thuc VPI)
Trung tm Nghin cu Tm kim, Thm d v Khai thc Du kh (thuc VPI)
Trung tm ng dng v Chuyn giao Cng ngh (thuc VPI)
Trung tm Nghin cu Kinh t v Qun l Du kh (thuc VPI)
Trung tm Nghin cu v Pht trin An ton v Mi trng Du kh (thuc VPI)
Trung tm Nghin cu v Pht trin Ch bin Du kh (thuc VPI)
Trung tm Phn tch Th nghim (thuc VPI)
Cng ty TNHH MTV Lc ha du Bnh Sn
Trng Cao ng ngh Du kh
Trng i hc Du kh Vit Nam
Trng i hc Khoa hc t nhin - i hc Quc gia H Ni

DU KH - S 1/2017

PETROVIETNAM

TH MI VIT BI
Tp ch Du kh l Tp ch khoa hc ca Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit Nam (Tp on). Qua 40
nm xy dng v pht trin, Tp ch Du kh khng nh vai tr ca n phm cp quc gia u tin
ca ngnh Du kh Vit Nam, ni cng b, trao i cc cng trnh nghin cu khoa hc, cng ngh trong
nc; gii thiu cc thng tin, tin b khoa hc cng ngh du kh trong nc v quc t.
Tp ch Du kh c pht hnh nh k hng thng bng ting Vit (10 s/nm) v ting Anh (2
s/nm) trn phm vi ton quc. c gi ca Tp ch Du kh l lnh o ng, Nh nc; cc c quan
qun l, n v nghin cu, o to trong lnh vc du kh trong v ngoi nc; Tp on Du kh Vit
Nam v cc n v thnh vin; cc nh khoa hc, cn b cng nhn vin; cc nh thu du kh, cc t
chc quc t, cc doanh nghip v nh u t nc ngoi
Ni dung ca Tp ch Du kh bao trm tt c cc lnh vc hot ng ca Tp on,
c th l:

Cc nh hng pht trin ca Tp on;

Cc thnh tu nghin cu khoa hc v pht trin cng ngh t khu u n khu cui v cc vn
nghin cu/l lun v kinh t v qun l;

Cc kinh nghim, sng kin ci tin k thut v p dng kt qu nghin cu khoa hc, sng kin/
sng ch vo sn xut, cc bin php ci tin t chc, qun l nhm nng cao hiu qu sn xut kinh
doanh;

Cc thng tin v tin b khoa hc cng ngh du kh th gii;

Cc hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca Tp on;

Gii thiu cc sn phm v cc dch v ca Tp on.


Song hnh vi s pht trin ca Tp on Du kh Quc gia Vit Nam, Tp ch Du kh tr thnh
din n khoa hc, cng ngh - k thut ca ngnh Du kh Vit Nam ni ring, ng thi cng l ting
ni ca cc nh khoa hc, cc doanh nghip sn xut kinh doanh du kh trong v ngoi nc.
Tp ch Du kh p ng nhu cu thng tin ca c gi, Tp ch Du kh rt mong nhn c
s cng tc nhit tnh ca cc nh khoa hc v qu bn c. Mi tc gi, mi bi vit s thit thc gp
phn ng k vo s nghip xy dng ngnh khoa hc du kh hin i, l cu ni gia ngnh Du kh
Vit Nam vi i tc, bn b quc t.
Trn trng cm n!

DU KH - S 1/2017

99

TH L VIT BI GI NG TP CH DU KH
1. Ni dung bi vit: cc kt qu nghin cu khoa hc v pht trin cng ngh du kh t khu u n
khu cui; cc vn nghin cu/l lun v kinh t v qun l trong lnh vc du kh; cc kinh nghim, sng
kin ci tin k thut v p dng kt qu nghin cu khoa hc, sng kin/sng ch vo sn xut, cc bin
php ci tin t chc, qun l nhm nng cao hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh; cc thng tin v tin b KHCN
ca du kh th gii. Bi vit gi ng phi l tc phm cha c ng ti/cng b trn bt k Tp ch khoa
hc no (nu l bi dch, tc gi phi ghi ngun c th).
2. Bi vit c nh my vi tnh trn Microsoft Word, m ngun Unicode theo font Arial, c ch 10
gi v E-mail ca Ta son hoc c gi theo ng bu in (bi vit c in trn giy A4, di khng
qu 15 trang nh my, bao gm c hnh v v ph bn nu c), km theo mt a CD/DVD. Cc thng bo
ngn v tin tc khng di qu 2 trang.
3. Th t sp xp mt bi bo gi ng Tp ch Du kh:
- Tn bi bo (ting Vit v ting Anh).
- H v tn tc gi, hc hm, hc v, n v cng tc, s in thoi, a ch lin h.
- Tm tt bi bo: Bi bo nht thit phi c tm tt bng ting Vit v ting Anh, khong 100 - 200 t.
- T kha/keywords.
- Ni dung bi bo cn phn r phn, mc, c nh s th t, li vn sc tch, trong sng, s dng thut
ng khoa hc v n v o lng hp php do B Khoa hc v Cng ngh ban hnh. Nu ly s liu hay trch on
t cc ti liu khc th phi c ch dn c th. Cc cng thc Ton hc dng Microsoft Equation Editor v nh
s th t v pha bn phi. Cc bn v phi theo ng quy nh v k thut. Cc bi c a bn tng vng
hay c nc cn v theo mu chnh xc, ng quy cch hin hnh. Cc bn v, bng biu phi nh s th t v
ghi li ch dn. Cc hnh v phi r nt, ch thch hnh v dng font Arial, c ch 8 hoc 9 (nu l bi vit bng
ting Vit th ch thch hnh phi ting Vit, cn bi vit bng ting Anh th ch thch hnh bng ting Anh).
- Ti liu tham kho c t ngay sau phn kt lun ca bi bo v c ghi theo trnh t: Th t ti liu
(ch s thng). Tn tc gi. Tn bi bo (sch hoc bo co khoa hc). Tn ti liu, s hiu (nu l bi bo v sch)
hoc tn Hi ngh, Hi tho, ngy v ni hp (nu l bi bo khoa hc), ni xut bn. Nm xut bn. S xut bn
(tp). T trang n trang (nu c). Ti liu tham kho bng ting Nga phi dch ra ting Vit hoc phin m
ra ting La-tinh.
Lu : Khi bi vit c nhiu tc gi, cn ghi y tn ca cc tc gi , bt u bng tn ca ch
bin. Trng hp s tc gi vt qu 3 ngi th ghi h tn 3 ngi km theo cm ch nnk hoc et al.
4. Bi gi ng s c t nht mt y vin trong Ban bin tp Tp ch Du kh v mt ngi c am hiu
chuyn su v lnh vc bi vit cp c, gp , sa cha v cho kin c th cng b Tp ch Du kh hay
khng.
5. Ban bin tp Tp ch Du kh c quyn bin tp li ni dung bi vit cho ph hp vi tn ch, mc ch ca
Tp ch v nh hng pht trin ca Tp on. Tp ch Du kh ch ng nhng bi p ng cc yu cu ni
trn. Trong trng hp vit khng c ng, Ta son khng gi li bn tho.
6. Tp ch Du kh (ISSN - 0866 - 854X) nm trong Danh mc cc Tp ch khoa hc chuyn ngnh c
tnh im cng trnh khoa hc quy i khi xt cng nhn t chun chc danh gio s, ph gio s.
7. Tc gi c bi ng trn Tp ch Du kh c hng nhun bt theo quy nh hin hnh ca Tp
on Du kh Vit Nam.
8. nh k hng nm, Ban bin tp Tp ch Du kh s la chn cc bi vit xut sc trao gii thng Bi bo
khoa hc c cht lng.
Th t trao i v bi vit xin gi theo a ch:
TA SON TP CH DU KH
Tng M2, Ta nh Vin Du kh Vit Nam
S 167, Trung Knh, Yn Ha, Cu Giy, H Ni
Tel: 84-04- 37727108
Fax: 84-4-37727107
E-mail: tapchidk@vpi.pvn.vn (hoc tcdaukhi@gmail.com)

You might also like