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The 30th HAGI, The 34th IAGI, The 14th PERHAPI Annual Conference and Exhibition
POSTER-JCS2005-030
ABSTRACT
Exploration effort to find new oil reserve in Indonesia has not been going to an end. Gita and zelda
formation at relatively shallow reservoir in SES block have been become major contributors to Indonesia
oil production. Nowadays, finding hydrocarbon accumulation in the deeper reservoir of the mature area
such as Asri basin is an exploration challenge.
Hariet-2 well was drilled at 1995, has succeed penetrate oil sandstone below source rock, the Banuwati
Shale. The well encountered approximately 300 ft interval of Banuwati Coarse Clastic member that
overlie granitic basement. Unfortunately, lost circulation has damage reservoir, therefore evaluation of
the reservoir cannot infer a conclusive result.
Diagenetic process strongly influenced preservation of porosity and permeability of the Banuwati
sandstone reservoir. The evaluation of wireline data resulted porosity of the sandstone is 13.6% average
and permeability is 10.8mD. Laboratory results of two samples taken from two different points show the
permeability 2.18mD and 31mD. The test recovered 24 barrel of oil in the reservoir suggest that the
reservoir has success to preserve the porosity against compaction.
Petrography analysis results that the sandstone has suffered heavily compaction, which reduce the
primary porosity. However, widespread mouldic porosity as secondary origin, which is found in many
samples, shows that the capability of the Banuwati Coarse Clastic sandstone is enhanced to accommodate
the migrated oil in the area.
870
PROCEEDINGS JOINT CONVENTION SURABAYA 2005 – HAGI-IAGI-PERHAPI
The 30th HAGI, The 34th IAGI, The 14th PERHAPI Annual Conference and Exhibition
871
PROCEEDINGS JOINT CONVENTION SURABAYA 2005 – HAGI-IAGI-PERHAPI
The 30th HAGI, The 34th IAGI, The 14th PERHAPI Annual Conference and Exhibition
Log and MIJC analysis suggest very low porosity cement. Overgrowth quartz is present in small
and permeability (Figure 5a). Porosity and quantity. Many of the finer grain samples show
permeability calculation from log analysis is about possible evidence of degraded organic matter and
15% and 0.99 mD respectively. pedogenesis. It suggests that it may be paleosols
or silty overbank deposits.
The immature conglomerate in Darlene-1
comprises granite, basalt, quartz, feldspar, ANASTASIA-1
kaolinite, mafic mineral and methamorphic rock
as grain. Mudlog data notes, the typical The Banuwati Coarse Clastic interval in
conglomerate is clear, grey, green to dark green, Anastasia-1 consists of sandstone and shale
white, hard, friable, and the grains are intercalation. It is shalier than Hariet-2 in the
predominantly subrounded to angular. Matrix is upper part. Clean sandstone layers are mostly in
fine to medium sand. the middle part of the interval (Figure 7a). Log
profile evaluation, well position in the basin, and
The only one poor preservation samples in maturity of the sandstone suggest that the
Banuwati Coarse Clastic interval observed under sandstone is interpreted as crevasse splay deposit.
polarized microscope, shows very coarse grain
sandstone of lithic arenite, consist of Log analysis calculates 63’gross sand of 578’
polycrystalline and monocrystalline quartz as Banuwati Coarse Clastic interval with no pay. The
main grain. Mica and labile lithic have deformed porosity is about 10% and permeability is up to 8
and replaced by kaolinite and opaque mineral mD. Log profile shows several layers of low
(Figure 5b). The conglomerate is suspected gamma ray sandstones with definite crossover of
derived from the adjacent big normal fault in the porosity log and high resistivity for each layer. It
east. The fault is eastern boundary of the Asri suggests that the sandstone is clean.
basin half graben.
The sandstones are mostly subarkose with 1-10%
MEGA-1 visible porosity. It is typically medium to very
coarse grain, subangular to subrounded, moderate
Mega-1 was penetrating 198’ of Banuwati Coarse to well sorted, many suture and concave-convex
Clastic interval. It consists of intercalation of contact between the grains. Its components are
sandstone and shale with minor coal. The predominantly quartz (30%-67%), with
sandstone is very argillaceous and contains large subordinate feldspar, lithic fragment, muscovite,
amount of detrital matrix and organic matter. biotite, zircon, tourmaline, and chlorite. The
feldspars are consisting of K-feldspar (1%-7%)
Log analysis and drilling parameter does not show and plagioklas (1%-11%). Lithics fragment are
hydrocarbon occurrence in this well. Log profile minor and consist of volcanic and granitic rock,
indicates the sandstone is very silty or even tight metaquarzite, schist, chertz, sandstone and shale.
(Figure 6a). Organic matter also occurs in fragments and
laminae. The detrital clay matrix is range from
The sandstone is quartz arenite with fine grain, 8%-14%. XRD analysis indicates the disperse
subangular to angular, poor sorted, and contain matrix mostly contain chlorite and illite (Figure
high levels of muddy matrix (over 50%). The 7b).
monocrystalline quartz is predominantly grain and
followed by feldspars, polycristalline quartz, and Compaction is the main role for porosity and
lithic grain. Organic matter is present in minor. permeability reduction, particularly intergranular
However, it is described well as muddy or porosity. The secondary clay such as kaolinite
argillaceous sandstone (Figure 6b). and sericite, grain coating by mixed layer illite
and smectite, over growth quartz, and calcite
Abundant muddy matrix is the main component precipitation are also reducing the porosity. The
for lack of porosity. Other diagenesis processes dissolution stage creates secondary porosity but
are replacement by kaolinite or illite clays, and not significant.
infilling by muddy matrix or by calcite or siderite
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PROCEEDINGS JOINT CONVENTION SURABAYA 2005 – HAGI-IAGI-PERHAPI
The 30th HAGI, The 34th IAGI, The 14th PERHAPI Annual Conference and Exhibition
Oil shows is observed in cutting and sidewall core leaching is very intensive and found in large
samples but laboratory result suggest it is derived amount creating mouldic pores extensively.
from drilling mud. Although most of analyses
suggest the reservoir is tight, fluid inclusion The tight Banuwati Coarse Clastic sandstone
analyses conclude hydrocarbon in form of wet gas facies in Anastasia-1 contains light hydrocarbon
or condensate is present (Figure 8). show. It means we still have a chance to discover
the light oil or gas eventhough the sandstone
YANI FIELD COMPARISON porosity is only about 10%.
Banuwati Coarse Clastic sandstone facies in Evaluation of four different sandstone facies
Hariet-2 has the best quality as the reservoir in within Banuwati Coarse Clastic encourages us to
Asri basin although the performance is still do more reservoir study in the early basin fill
questionable (Table 2). For anticipating this sediment itself. Delicate facies mapping,
problem, we compare the petrography and predicting proper depositional environment,
laboratory analysis in Hariet-2 with Yani-2 (Yani reservoir distribution, and followed by exploration
field is located in Sunda Basin – the nearest basin drilling is combination strategy for finding
– and has already produce oil) since the Yani-2 another discovery in deep reservoir play in Asri
reservoir is stratigraphycally equivalent with the basin.
Hariet-2.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Porosity and permeability plot shows reservoir
Hariet-2 and Yani-2 has relative similar quality We thank Nusatriyo Guritno for his advice,
(Figure 9). Comparation of QFL triangular plot support and discussion, CNOOC management,
demonstrates the difference between Hariet-2 and BPMIGAS, and CNOOC Partners for data
Yani Field in Sunda Basin is in the feldspar permission, CNOOC peer for their discussion, and
contain. It means the Hariet-2 reservoir has CNOOC drafting personnel for preparing some
mouldic pores besides the intergranular one. figures.
Otherwise the reservoir facies in Yani Field only
has the intergranular porosity as the main porosity REFERENCES
framework (Figure 10).
Folk, R. L., 1974, Petrology of Sedimentary Rock,
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION Hemphill Publishing Company,Austin, Texas, 182
p.
Porosity and permeability is still developed in
reservoir at depth more than 10,000’ depth. Sukanto, J., Nunuk F., J. B. Aldrich, G. P.
Hariet-2 recovered 24 barrels of oil within Rinehart, J. Mitchell, 1998, Petroleum Systems of
Banuwati Coarse Clastic sandstone. However, the Asri Basin, Java Sea, Indonesia, Proceedings
reservoir performance is still uncertain. 26th IPA Annual Convention.
Secondary porosity gives an important role for Syarif, M., Bintoro W., Reno F., 2005,
porosity preservation of deep reservoir such as Seismofacies study in early fill to source rock
Banuwati Coarse Clastic sandstone. Feldspathic depositional environment, Asri basin,
litharenite sandstone contains similar amount of PROCEEDINGS JOINT CONVENTION HAGI-
mouldic and intergranular porosity. Feldspar IAGI-PERHAPI.
873
PROCEEDINGS JOINT CONVENTION SURABAYA 2005 – HAGI-IAGI-PERHAPI
The 30th HAGI, The 34th IAGI, The 14th PERHAPI Annual Conference and Exhibition
Secondary Porosities
Primary Porosities
12
4
10
4
Visible Porosity (%)
8
7 3
4
6
2 2
4 8 4
4
1 7
0 2
1 3 5
4 2 4 4
2
3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2
1 1
0
0
12162 12177 12182 12203 12224 12275 12281 12308 12324 12355 12361 12377 12386 12400 12401 12403
Depth (ft)
Sand Provenance Transitional Recycle Lithic Recycle Cratonic Interior Cratonic Interior
Facies Interpretation Braided channel coarse Alluvial Fan Argillaceous Possible crevasse
sandstones overlied by Conglomerate sandstones in overbank splay facies of north-
distal fan lobe facies. deposits of fluvial south orientation
fluvial system.
Primary Porosity Intergranular porosity not observed low Mostly reduced by
reduced (mean 3.2%) signicant compaction
due to compaction and force.
cementation.
Secondary Porosity Extensive mouldic not observed low Minor Feldspar
porosity (mean 2.8%) leaching.
Potential secondary
porosity
874
PROCEEDINGS JOINT CONVENTION SURABAYA 2005 – HAGI-IAGI-PERHAPI
The 30th HAGI, The 34th IAGI, The 14th PERHAPI Annual Conference and Exhibition
875
PROCEEDINGS JOINT CONVENTION SURABAYA 2005 – HAGI-IAGI-PERHAPI
The 30th HAGI, The 34th IAGI, The 14th PERHAPI Annual Conference and Exhibition
b
Intergranular Porosity
Mouldic Pores
Monocrystalline Quartz
Feldspar
Poorly sorted feldspathic litharenite,
showing mouldic pores,
distributed terrigenous mud matrix.
Visible porosity ~4%
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PROCEEDINGS JOINT CONVENTION SURABAYA 2005 – HAGI-IAGI-PERHAPI
The 30th HAGI, The 34th IAGI, The 14th PERHAPI Annual Conference and Exhibition
Polycrystalline quartz
Poss. Monocrystalline
Quartz
A very coarse grain sandstone,
showing polycrystalline and
monocrystalline quartz,
No definite porosity because
The sample is damage
Monocrystalline quartz
Organic matter
siderite
Poorly sorted
monoquartzs
monoQuartz
grain dominated
paleosol and mud
matrix. Locally
calcite and
Calcite cement
siderite cemented
the grains.
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PROCEEDINGS JOINT CONVENTION SURABAYA 2005 – HAGI-IAGI-PERHAPI
The 30th HAGI, The 34th IAGI, The 14th PERHAPI Annual Conference and Exhibition
Monocrystalline
Quartz
mouldic porosity
Feldspar
leaching
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PROCEEDINGS JOINT CONVENTION SURABAYA 2005 – HAGI-IAGI-PERHAPI
The 30th HAGI, The 34th IAGI, The 14th PERHAPI Annual Conference and Exhibition
100
Permeability (mD)
Yani-2
10
Hariet-2
1
0.08 0.09 0.1 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18
Porosity(pu)
FIGURE 9: Porosity and permeability plot of Banuwati Coarse Clastic sandstone of Hariet-2 vs Yani-2.
Quartz Litharenite
Q Well :
COMPOSITE Quartz Arenite A D ELLA -1
10
0
LITHOLOGY TYPE
JANTI-1
0
JA N T I- 2
JA N T I- 3
SubArkose Sublitharenite Subarkose Sublitharenite
JA N T I- 4
W ID Y A - 1
75
25
Y A N I- 1
ANASTASIA-1 Y A N I- 2
50
50
HARIET-2
25
75
F 0 25 50 75 100 L
879