Material Selection Guide - Spring Materials (Round Wire)

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Spring Materials (Round Wire)

Minimum

Commercially

Home
Material

Available
Specification

Compression Springs

Nominal

Density

Tensile

Chemistry

(lb/in3)

Strength
(psi x 106)

Modulus
of
Elasticity
(E)
(psi x 106)

Music Wire

ASTM A228

Torsion Springs

1.00%
Mn 0.20 -

0.284

230 - 399

30.0

C 0.45 Hard Drawn

Constant Force Springs

MB

ASTM A227

0.85%
Mn 0.60 -

0.284

Material Selection Guide

Tempered

ASTM A229

MB

0.85%
Mn 0.60 -

Ferrous Metals

1.20%

Carbon Steel

C 0.51 -

Alloy Steels

Precipitation-Hardening Stainless
Steel

Chrome

ASTM A401

Spring Materials (Round Wire)

Class II:

11.5

250 F

- 293
Class II:

Cr 0.60 0.80%

applications. Can be readily

electroplated.
Cold drawn and heat

Class I: 165
0.284

high carbon wire. Good

Cold drawn. Average stress

30.0

treated before fabrication.

30.0

11.5

250 F

Slight scale on surface.

General purpose spring

191 - 324

wire.
Cold drawn and heat
treated before fabrication.

0.284

235 - 300

30.0

11.5

475 F

Used for shock loads and

moderately elevated
temperatures.

1.60%
C 0.48 0.53%

Tempered

Cold drawn and heat

Mn 0.70 -

Oil

Chrome

Coatings and Surface Treatments

- 283

Primary Use

surface finish.

Si 1.20 -

Silicon

Exotic Alloys
Non-Ferrous Metals

11.75 (over

Method of Manufacture /

Highest quality cold drawn,

250 F

0.59%

Oil
Tempered

Stainless Steels

0.100")

171 - 324

C 0.55 -

Oil

Temperature

Class I: 147

1.30%

Belleville Washers

(psi x 106)

Maximum
Operating

0.100")

0.60%

REDUX Wave Springs

(G)

12 (up to

C 0.70 -

Extension Springs

Modulus
in Torsion

ASTM A231

0.90%
Cr 0.80 -

treated before fabrication.

0.284

190 - 300

30.0

11.5

425 F

moderately elevated

1.10%

Vanadium

Used for shock loads and

temperatures.

0.15

Min %

Glossary of Terms

Cr 17.0 -

Stainless
Steel

ASTM A313

302/304

19.0%
Ni

8.0 -

Cold drawn general

0.286

125 - 325

28.0

10.0

550 F

purpose corrosion and heat

resistant.

10.0%
Cr 16.0 18.0%

Stainless
Steel 316

ASTM A313

Ni 10.0 14.0%
M

Cold drawn. Heat resistant

0.286

110 - 245

28.0

10.0

550 F

and better corrosion

resistance than 302.

2.0 -

3.0%
Cr 16.0 -

Steel 17-7

Cold drawn and

18.0%

Stainless
AMS 5678

PH

Ni

6.5 -

7.5%

precipitation hardened after

0.282

235 - 335

29.5

11.0

650 F

corrosion resistance.

1.5%
Cu 94.0 Phosphor
Bronze

ASTM B159

96.0%
Sn

4.0 -

Cold drawn. Good

0.320

105 - 145

15.0

6.25

200 F

Cu

Copper

Monel 400

ASTM B197

AMS 7233

98.0%
Sn

Cold drawn. Good

0.298

150 - 230

18.5

7.0

400 F

electrical conductivity. Good

physical strength.

Ni

Cold drawn. Good

66.0%
Cu

0.319

145 - 180

26.0

9.5

450 F

65.0%
Cu
29.5%

corrosion resistance at
moderately elevated
temperature.

Ni
QQ-N-286

corrosion resistance and

2.0%

31.5%

Monel K 500

corrosion resistance and

electrical conductivity.

6.0%

Beryllium

fabrication. High strength

and general purpose

Mo 0.75 -

Excellent corrosion
0.306

160 - 200

26.0

9.5

550 F

resistance at moderately
elevated temperature.

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Material Selection Guide - Spring Materials (Round Wire)

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Ni
Cold drawn. Good

76.0%
Inconel 600

AMS B166

Cr

0.304

15.8%

100 - 230

31.0

11.0

700 F

corrosion resistance at
moderately elevated
temperature.

Fe
7.2%
Ni

Cold drawn and

52.5%
Inconel 718

AMS B637

precipitation hardened after

Cr

0.298

18.6%

210 - 250

29.0

11.2

1100 F

resistance at moderately

Fe

elevated temperature.

18.5%
No. 1

Ni

Inconel X750 AMS 5698 / 5699

fabrication. Good corrosion

73.0%

Temper:

Cr

155 Min

0.298

15.0%

Spring

Fe

Temper:

6.75%

190 - 230

Cold drawn and

precipitation hardened after
31.0

12.0

750 - 1100 F

fabrication. Good corrosion

resistance at moderately
elevated temperature.

Co 39.0 41.0%
Cr 19.0 Elgiloy

AMS 5833

Cold drawn and aged.

21.0%

270 - 330

Ni 15.0 -

32.0

12.0

250 F

Excellent corrosion
resistance.

16.0%
Fe
Balance
Fe
Balance
Ni 41.0 43.5%
NiSpan C

AMS 5225

Cr

4.9 -

5.75%
Ti

0.294

150 - 190

24.0 - 29.0

9.0 - 10.0

150 F

100 - 200

30.7

11.8

700 F

Precipitation hardenable.
Constant modulus alloy.

2.2 -

2.75%
Al

0.3 -

0.8%
Ni
Balance
Cr 14.5 16.5%
Hastelloy
(C276)

ASTM B574

Mo 15.0 17.0%
W

High corrosion resistance.

3.0 -

4.5%
Fe

4.0 -

7.0%

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