ENVIRONMENTAL

GLOSSARY
ENGINEERING: is the set of scientific and
technological knowledge for innovation,
invention, development and improvement of
techniques and tools to meet the needs of
companies and society.
ENVIRONMENT: set of natural and social,
related and interdependent elements, in a
given place and time, that directly influence
all living beings.
ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT: methodology used
to evaluate and document the degree of
environmental damage caused by the
operation of a COMPANY OR INDUSTRY.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT: action to
qualify
and
quantify
environmental
situations, including their causes and their
effects.

PHRASES FOR THE

CONSERVATION OF THE
ENVIRONMENT
If we work hard, we can save the
environment.
If you pollute the environment,
you are hurting yourself.
If they cut the trees down, it will
pollute the environment.
If i throw trash on the ground, i
will be creating pollution.
If we waste water, pollution will
increase.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE

ENVIRONMENT AND
PETROLEUM ENGINEERING

POLLUTION:
presence
of
exogenous
substances
in
natural
systems,
agroecosystems or human ecosystems, which
cause alterations in its structure and
functioning. Depending on the environment
affected, the contamination may be
atmospheric, aquatic or soil.
PRESERVATION: maintenance in its original
state, of an animal or plant species, groups of
species, or a natural resource (eg air, soil or
water).
PETROLEUM: is a mixture of organic
compounds, mainly hydrocarbon insoluble in
water. It is also known as crude or simply
crude oil.

Alvaro Chirinos
C.I.-22.479.383

OIL AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Oil has the problem of being insoluble in
water and therefore difficult to clean. In
general, oil spills profoundly affect the
fauna and life of the place, which is why the
global oil industry must comply with strict
rules and procedures on environmental
protection.

EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

EFFECTS ON THE GROUND: there is a large
area of land that is degraded, this is due to
the weeding and smoothing of the ground
and the movement and operation of heavy
equipment. On the other hand the spills of
oil and the waste produce an alteration of
the original substrate in which plant species
are implanted, leaving soils unusable for
years.
EFFECTS ON WATER: in surface waters, the
discharge of oil or other waste causes a
decrease in the oxygen content, a
contribution of solids and of organic and
inorganic substances.
EFFECTS ON AIR: the gas uptake is
determined by the gas / oil ratio, if this
value is high, the gas is captured and if it is
low, it is vented and / or burned.
EFFECTS ON FLORA AND FAUNA: oil spills
profoundly affect the fauna and life of the
place, which is why the oil industry must
meet strict standards.

MEASURES TO AVOID DAMAGES

TO THE ENVIRONMENT

The companies that operate in the petroleum

sector develop their activity with special
attention to the conservation of the
environment. In addition to complying with
international and national regulations, the oil
companies themselves
In order to protect the environment in
response to the demands of the market,
which calls for increasing quality in products
with maximum respect for environmental
conditions.
In this sense, there is an advanced
development of technologies for the
reduction of co2 emissions in order to reduce
the greenhouse effect, which produces a
warming of the atmosphere. On the other
hand, fuel dispensers (gasoline or diesel) have
been introduced at service stations, which are
aimed at recovering the vapors that are
released when refueling, thereby minimizing
the emission of gases into the atmosphere.
The oil and petroleum products industry
places special emphasis on compliance with
standards
on
product
specifications,
emissions to the atmosphere and control of
liquid discharges at production sites
(refineries), storage and sale to the public.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS IN
THE OIL INDUSTRY
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONTROL
IN
THE
ACTIVITIES OF REFINERIES: the law imposes a
pollution control in such a way that companies
must establish mechanisms to prevent both
soil, air, water, etc.
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONTROL
IN
EXPLORATORY
ACTIVITIES:
exploratory
activities in soil are planned well in advance to
cause the least possible environmental impact
in terms of deforestation, erosion and
alteration of water quality.
ENVIRONMENTAL WELL DRILLING CONTROLS:
for ground drilling, deforestation has been
reduced to a minimum and drilling fluids are
adequately treated to separate solids from
water.

GOVERNMENTAL AND GLOBAL

ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSERVATION POLICIES
KYOTO PROTOCOL: the kyoto protocol on
climate change is an international agreement
aimed at reducing the emissions of six gases
that cause global warming.
MONTREAL PROTOCOL: AN INTERNATIONAL
agreement is to reduce the use of gases that
deplete the ozone layer.