Banking of Three Single-phase Transformers

To Form a Three-phase System

Boligor,RajJosephD.
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
UniversityofSanCarlos
TalambanCampus,CebuCity
jarjoseph5@gmail.com
Abstract - This paper shows the Wye-wye connection, Wyedelta connection, Delta-wye connection and Delta-delta
connection using transformers. The proper connections were
discussed including on how to measure the voltage.

I. INTRODUCTION
A transformer is an electrical device that transfers
electrical energy between two or more circuits through
electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic induction
producesanelectromotiveforcewithinaconductorwhichis
exposed to time varying magnetic fields. Transformers are
usedtoincreaseordecreasethealternatingvoltagesinelectric
powerapplications[1].
A. WyewyeConnection
Eachprimarywindingismagneticallylinkedtoonesecondary
windingthroughacommoncoreleg.Setsofwindingsthatare
magnetically linked are drawn parallel to each other in the
vector diagram. In the YY connection, each primary and
secondarywindingisconnectedtoaneutralpoint[2].Figure1
and 2 below shows the schematic diagram and circuit
connection,respectively.

Figure 1 Wye-wye Connection Schematic Diagram

B. WyedeltaConnection
TheYtransform,alsowrittenwyedeltaandalsoknownby
manyothernames,isamathematicaltechniquetosimplifythe
analysisofanelectricalnetwork.Thenamederivesfromthe
shapesofthecircuitdiagrams,whichlookrespectivelylike
the letter Y and the Greek capital letter . This circuit
transformation theory was published by Arthur Edwin
Kennellyin1899.[1]It iswidelyusedinanalysisofthree
phaseelectricpowercircuits[3].Figure3and4belowshows
theschematicdiagramandcircuitconnection,respectively.

Figure 3 Wye-delta Connection Schematic Diagram

Figure 4 Wye-delta Circuit Connection

C. DeltawyeConnection
Adeltawyetransformerisatypeofthreephaseelectric
power transformer design that employs deltaconnected
windingsonitsprimaryandwye/starconnectedwindingson
itssecondary.Aneutralwirecanbeprovidedonwyeoutput
side.Itcanbeasinglethreephasetransformer,orbuiltfrom
three independent singlephase units. An equivalent term is
deltastar transformer [4]. Figure 5 and 6 below shows the
schematicdiagramandcircuitconnection,respectively.
Figure 2 Wye-wye Circuit Connection

The line-to-line voltages of the input and output are then

measured and listed.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
After the circuits are connected and checked by the
instructor, it is then energized.
The line-to-line input and output voltages are then
measured. The data are shown in tables below:
Figure 5 Delta-wye Connection Schematic Diagram

I.

Y-Y connection
Table1. Wye-wye Connection

Figure 6 Delta-wye Circuit Connection

D. Deltadeltaconnection
Adeltadeltaconnectioniswhereboththethreephaseprimary
and secondary windings are connected in delta. This
connection proves to be economical for large lowvoltage
transformers because it increases the number of turns per
phase[5].Figure7and8belowshowstheschematicdiagram
andcircuitconnection,respectively.

Input Voltages

Output Voltages

Vab=233.1V

Vab=232.7V

Vbc=230V

Vbc=230V

Vca=232.2V

Vca=231.7V

The input voltages are approximately equal to the output

voltages.
II.

Y-

connection
Table2. Wye-delta Connection
Input Voltages

Output Voltages

Vab=233.1V

Vab=135.1V

Vbc=229.8V

Vbc=133.6V

Vca=232.6V

Vca=133.1V

The input voltages are greater than the output voltages.

The input voltages are square root of three times the output
voltage.
Figure 7 Delta-delta Connection Schematic Diagram

III.

-Y connection
Table3. Delta-wye Connection

Figure 8 Delta-delta Circuit Connection

II. METHODOLOGY
To construct the circuit connections for banking of three
single-phase transformers to form a three-phase system and
measure its line-to-line input and output voltages, first is to
gather the materials needed. After doing the circuit
connections, let the instructor check if it is already safe to be
energized. If so, the circuit is then energized.

Input Voltages

Output Voltages

Vab=231.3V

Vab=398.3V

Vbc=227.8V

Vbc=397.6V

Vca=230.6V

Vca=399V

The output voltages are greater than the input voltages. The
output voltages are square root of three times the input
voltage.

IV.

connection

Table2. Wye-delta Connection

Input Voltages

Output Voltages

Vab=229.7V

Vab=228.7V

Vbc=226.2V

Vbc=225.3V

Vca=229.7V

Vca=228.7V

The input voltages are approximately equal to the output

voltages.
IV. CONCLUSION
In measuring the line to line voltages, it is shows that in
wye-wye connection, the input voltages and output voltages
are approximately equal. For wye-delta connection, the input
voltages are greater that the output voltages. For delta-wye

connection, the input voltages are less than the output

voltages. And for the delta-delta connection, the input and
output voltages are approximately equal.
Thus, in conducting the experiment, there is a need to
understand in measuring the voltages, line-to-line currents.
Also, there is a need of proper measurements of these in order
to gather the desired values.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author would like to thank his adviser in making this
report possible and achievable. He would also like to thank his
parents and classmates in supporting him in making this
report.
REFERENCES
[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer
[2]http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/transformer-connection-star-star
[3]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y-%CE%94_transform
[4]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta-wye_transformer
[5] http://www.edaboard.com/thread229252.html