WPSPQR

1 WPS-Welding Procedure is the Procedure, in written format, by the Fabricator/Manufacturer, giving

details about base metal

metal, welding groove
groove, filler metals and instructions that are followed in the
welding, to make good and quality welding, Code: ASME Sec IX, AWS D.1.1, API1104
2 Welding is done, following the Procedure(WPS)
3 The welded piece(originally, in the form of plate or pipe) is cut into test speciments/test coupens.
4 PQR-These test specimens are tested in the Lab(for mechanical and metallurgical tests, visual test) and

the welding parameters (during actual welding, PWHT etc ) and test results are recorded.
Reason to have many WPS: One WPS is made to meet a set of specific welding parameters. If we change the parameters,
then we check, whether the parameter is essential or non essential variable. If it is essential variable, then new WPS is
prepared Each WPS should have their specimen tested and PQR is made for that WPS
prepared.
WPS. So
So, each WPS has its own PQR
PQR. If it
is non essential, variable, then , no need to make a new WPS and qualification(sometime, WPS alone, need amended). ASME
Sec IX, gives the QW-XXX reference numbers, on the sample WPS-PQR, so that we can find whether the data is essential
variable or not.

If the PQR meets the test acceptance criteria, then the WPS is said , as, WPS is qualified.
Steps to make WPS:
Study
y the P.O.,
Product

Prepare list of WPS

Prepare Weld Map

References & Approval Codes to

prepare WPS & PQR:

Prepare WPS
(before welding)

ASME Sec IX (most common)

AWS D1.1 (for Structures)

Welding

Cut the test piece into

Test Specimen/ Test
coupen

Prepare additional
Coupens & test . Or
change the weld
parameters in WPS
and retest.

Lab Testing

API 1104 (for Country Pipelines)

Test is not ok. WPS
Rejected

Prepare PQR
. Evaluate the results.

WPS:
Aim:
To have good and quality weld
To pass the test and to get WPS qualified.
Preparation for WPS:
1 Reporting Forms: Select the code for approval &
select the sample form from the Code
2 Forms can also be selected from Lincon Electric
WPS and from other people who had already
approved WPS
3 Vendors are also preparing detailed step by step
WPS, with good practices to produce quality welds.
4 Collect welding parameter details:
Base metal: Plate or Pipe(for testing), from rolled/
forged/ cast/ extruded form & its spec.

Results are
satisfactory & Test is
Ok and WPS is
qualified

PQR

Welding

1 List/ record the

parameters during
welding, PWHT etc
and record the test
results

2 Evaluate the rest

results and certify
whether the test had
passed and if so,
declare WPS is
qualified

Weld metal: Welding Process(SMAW/GTAW/SAW

etc) /Filler/welding practices
Welder: Already has some basic welding experience
& some qualification
Prepared by: Annamalai-JGC