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Bridge Preservation

Decision Making

Michael B. Johnson P.E.


California Department of Transportation
michael_b_johnson@dot.ca.gov 1
Structure Assets Managed
Caltrans is responsible for managing
12,559 Highway Bridges.
347 Short Highway Bridges.

89 Highway Tunnels.

789 Earth Retaining Structures.

1,115 Pedestrian and Railroad bridges.

24,000+ Overhead sign structures.

Inspect 11,637 local agency bridges.

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State Bridge Inventory

12,559 Bridges
3,000 223 million square
2,500 feet
Number of Bridges

2,000 Median Age of 41


1,500 years
1,000
500
0
Structure Types
89% Concrete

+
0
10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Age in Years 95 7% Steel


4% Timber

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Bridge Preservation Organization
Inspection is centralized
from three offices.
Inspectors are licensed Civil
Engineers.
Inspectors have design,
construction and inspection
experience.
Projects are managed from
12 districts.
Bridge maintenance crews
operate out of all 12 districts
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Identification of Bridge Needs
Regular bridge inspections identify bridge specific
deterioration based needs.
Structural analysis identifies vulnerabilities to seismic
events.
Hydraulic and structural analysis identify bridges with
vulnerabilities to scour.
Changing bridge safety standards identify bridges with
deficient bridge rails.
Raising and strengthening needs are identified through
evaluation of goods movement and system constraints.

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Caltrans Bridge Preservation Process
Changing Safety Inspection
Standards Seismic Analysis Findings
Operational
Scour Analysis Improvements

All Bridge Needs

Caltrans Crew Work Major Maintenance SHOPP


(Minor repair work (Major repairs and (Rehab, replacement, safety
and bridge painting) preventative maintenance) and risk mitigation)

Needs split out into


Needs are tracked by date of components based on the type
recommendation of need.
Crew work is tracked by date
of recommendation.
Needs are minor or Priorities are based on
preventative in nature. structural needs, economic
A priority for the repair is
analysis and risks using utility
determined by the engineer.
Priority for the repair is functions.
determined by engineers
Performance measures are
Full project management in
used to monitor program
Performance measures are place.
used to monitor program 6
Bridge Maintenance Crews
Caltrans employees bridge maintenance crews
in all districts.
Crews respond to bridge damage and minor
repairs identified by inspectors.
Spall repair
Pourable joint replacement
Painting

Performance is measured by the time it takes to


retire inspection recommendations.

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Bridge Major Maintenance Contracts
Maintenance work beyond the crews capacity is
packaged into bridge maintenance contracts.
Contract maintenance work includes major
repairs and preventive work.
Performance is measured by the time it takes to
retire recommendations (backlogged work).

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Bridge Major Maintenance
Percentage of all preservation dollars

Paint
Decks/Appr
24%
51%

All Others Joints


18% 7%

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Bridge Maintenance Contract Funding and Backlog
$200 4,000

$180
Actual Projected

3117
3,500

3078
3039
3000
2961
2922
2883
2844
$160
3,000
Funding Level (Million $)

2544
$140

2320

# of Bridges
2095

2,500
$120
1870

Bridge Maintenance Program


1645

$100 2,000
2001 - 2005

$94
$94

$94
$94

$94

$94
$80
1,500

$60

$63
$63

1,000
$40

500
$13

$20
$9
$6

$6

$6

$- 0
01/02 02/03 03/04 04/05 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 13/14
Fiscal Year

Funding $ Backlog Bridges

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Bridge Maintenance Contract Funding and Backlog
$200 4,000

$180 Actual Projecte d

3117
3078
3,500

3039
3000
2961
2922
$160

2647
3,000

2544

2507
Funding Level (Million $)

$140

2320

# of Bridges
2095

2,500
$120
1870

2005 Five Year


1645

$100 2,000

Maintenance Plan

$94
$94

$94
$94

$94

$94
$80
1,500

$60

$63
$63
1,000
$40

500
$13

$20
$9
$6

$6

$6

$- 0
01/02 02/03 03/04 04/05 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 13/14
Fiscal Year

Funding $ Backlog Bridges

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Bridge Maintenance Contract Funding and Backlog
$200 4,000

Actual
$180
3,500

3030
2991
2952
2913
2874
2835
$160

2647
3,000

2544

2507
Funding Level (Million $)

$140

2320
2007 & 2009 Five Year

# of Bridges
Plan
2095

2,500
$120
1870
1645

$100 2,000

$94
$94

$94
$94

$94

$94
$80
1,500

$60

$63
$63
1,000
$40

500
$13

$20
$9
$6

$6

$6

$- 0
01/02 02/03 03/04 04/05 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 13/14
Fiscal Year

Funding $ Backlog Bridges Reduce Backlog

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Rehabilitation and Replacement
Capital rehabilitation, replacement and risk
mitigation projects in four year funding plan.
State Highway Operation Protection Plan
approved by Transportation Commission.
Performance is measured by reporting distressed
bridge counts.
A distressed bridge is defined as a bridge with an identified
rehabilitation, replacement, scour or seismic need.

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Major Bridge Needs
Percentage of dollars by action type

Replacement
24% Rail Upgrade
17%
Seismic
26% Deck Rehab
10%

Scour
All Others Super Rehab
7%
9% 7%

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Major Bridge Needs
Percentage of dollars by nature of need

Replacement
24%
Vulnerabilities Traffic Safety
33% 17%

Condition
26%

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Prioritizing Capital Needs
Needs consist of condition, vulnerability and safety
needs.
Project level decisions are based on Peer Reviews
Consensus recommendation by multi-discipline team.
Life cycle cost analysis considered.
Constructability and traffic handling evaluated.
Projects prioritized using multi-objective utility
functions
Allows condition, vulnerabilities and safety to be
considered in a benefit cost framework.

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2005 -2009 Bridge Preservation Programs

8,623 Bridges 2,544 Bridges 1,333 Bridges


Current - 69% Current - 20% Current - 11%
Goal 85% 300 Bridges/Yr Goal 10% 40 Bridges/Yr Goal 5%

Maintenance Program Preservation Program Rehab. Program


(Major Maintenance) (SHOPP)

9,122 Bridges 2,835 Bridges 870 Bridges


Current - 71% Current - 22% Current - 7%
Goal 85% 560 Bridges/Yr Goal 10% 20 Bridges/Yr Goal 5%

Maintenance Program Preservation Program Rehab. Program


(Major Maintenance) (SHOPP)
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Summary
Three pronged approach to bridge preservation (crews,
maintenance contracts and capital contracts)
Flexibility to move funds between Capital and
Preventive funds allows better network management.
Inflow of preventive maintenance contract needs are
increasing but new rehab needs are decreasing.
Priorities of crew and preservation work is set by
inspector as a timeframe for completion of work.
Capital rehabilitation and replacements compete in a
multi-objective utility cost benefit framework.
Simple performance measures help decision makers
understand bridge preservation needs.
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