Finance Rules Nepali

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np
cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgodfjnL, @)^$

g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt ldlt
@)^$.*.!
cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf #^ n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k| of] u u/L g]kfn
;/sf/n] b]xfosf lgodx agfPsf] 5 .
kl/R5]b !
k|f /lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f /DeM -!_ o; lgodfjnLsf] gfd cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgodfjnL,
@)^$ /x]sf] 5 .
-@_ of] lgodfjnL t' ?Gt k|f/De x'g] 5 .
@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;n] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; lgodfjnLdf,
-s_ P]g eGgfn] cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g, @)%% ;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L eGgfn] o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd vr{ ug]{ jf ;f]sf]
nflu lgsf;f lbg] clwsf/ kfPsf] clwsf/L ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] sfod
d'sfod jf lgldQ eO{ sfd ug]{ clwsf/L ;d]tnfO{ hgfp5 .
-u_ ljefuLo k|d'v eGgfn] ;+j}wflgs c tyf lgsfo jf dGqfno jf ;f]
cGt{ut /x]s f ljefu jf ljefu ;/xsf cl:tTj / If]qflwsf/ ePsf
s]Gb|Lo:t/sf sfof{ nosf k|d' v ;Dg' k5{ .
-3_ ;/sf/L /sd eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ /fhZjsf] kdf jf cGo s'g}
lsl;daf6 k|fKt x'g] /sd ;Demg' k5{ .
-_ cfGtl/s lgoGq0f eGgfn] sfg"gn] lgWff{/0f u/]sf k|lqmof kl/kfngf eof]
ePg egL tfn's sfof{noaf6 lg/Gt/ kdf ul/g] ;'kl/j]If0f / cg'udg
sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-r_ w/f}6L /sd eGgfn] s'g} sfd 6' \uf] gnfu] ;Dd ;'/If0f afkt /flvPsf]
;'/If0f hdfgt /sd -l/6]G ;g dlg_ jf cg]{i6 dgL jf ;f] afktsf] la8a08
jf k/km/d]G; a08 ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;'/If0f /fVg'
kg]{ eO{ ;f] afkt /flvPsf] /sd ;d] tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
www.lawcommission.gov.np
-5_ ;b/ :ofxf eGgfn] ;'/If0f afkt w/f}6L vftfdf hDdf /x]sf] w/f} 6L
/sdnfO{ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd ;/sf/L sf]ifdf bflvnf ug]{ sfo{{ ;Demg'
k5{ .
-h_ nutL /fh:j eGgfn] nut s;L nut cg';f/ c;"n pk/ ul/g] /fh:j
;Demg' k5{ .
-em_ x;anL /fh:j eGgfn] nutL /fh:j afx]s k6s] kdf z'Ns, b:t'/,
lnnfd laqmL, af] nkq kmf/fd laqmL cflbaf6 k|fKt x'g] /fh:j ;Demg' k5{ .
-`_ cfjlws of]hgf eGgfn] /fli6 o of] hgf cfof]un] tf]lslbPsf] ;doleq k"/f
ug'{ kg]{ of]hgf ;Demg' k5{ .
-6_ ljz]if kl/l:ylt eGgfn] ;'Vvf, cgfj[li6, cltj[li6, e"sDk, af9L, klx/f],
cfunfuL h:tf k| fs[lts Pj+ b}j L k|s f]k tyf cfsl:ds jf ck| Toflzt
ljz]if sf/0faf6 ;[hgf ePsf] kl/l:ylt ;Demg' k5{ .
-7_ ;/sf/L afs L eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf @ sf] v08 -w_ adf]lhd c;"n pk/
ug'{ kg]{ /sd ;Demg' k5{ .
-8_ sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ no eGgfn] dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no
dftxt /xg] u/L :yfkgf ePsf] sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no ;Demg'
k5{ .
-9_ bft[ kIf eGgfn] lkIfLo jf jx'kIfLo ;Demf}tff/f g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{
j}b]lzs ;xfotf -C0f jf cg'bfg_ pknAw u/fpg] ldq/fi6 jf
cGt/f{li6o jf ljb]zL ;+3 ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ .
-0f_ ;f]em} e'QmfgL eGgfn] ljz]if ODk|]i6 vftfdf /x]sf] /sdaf6 vr{ ul/g]
/sd jf ;DalGwt cfof]hgf sfof{nosf] dfu cg';f/ bft[ kIfaf6} ;DalGwt
JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL, ;+:yf jf cfk"lt{stf{ nfO{ ;f]em} e'QmfgL lbg] jf bft[
kIfn] ;f] em} e'QmfgL ug{] k|lqmof ;Demg' k5{ .
-t_ j:t'ut ;xfotf eGgfn] bft[ /fi6 jf ;+:yfxaf6 k|fKt ePsf lhG;L
dfn;fdfg ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] bft[ /fi6 jf ;+:yfx cfkm}n] lgdf{0 f
u/L x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf crn ;Dklt -6g{ ls_ ;d]tnfO{ hgfp 5 .
-y_ zLif{s eGgfn] Joo cg'dfgsf] ljj/0f k'l:tsfdf pNn]v x'g] cg'bfg
;+Vof ;Demg' k5{ .
-b_ pkzLif{s eGgfn] Joo cg'dfgsf] ljj/0f k'l:tsfdf pNn]v x'g] pkzLif{s
;]t ;+ Vof ;Demg' k5{ .
-w_ vr{ zLif{s eGgfn] Joo cg'dfgsf] /sdut ljj/0fsf] zLif{sxsf]
juL{s/0f ;Demg' k5{ .
-g_ ah]6 lbUbz{g eGgfn] sfo{s|d tyf ah] 6 tof/ ug{ cy{ dGqfnoaf6
hf/L ePsf] k'l:tsf ;Demg' k5{ .
-k_ PsLs[t s]Gb|Lo n]vf eGgfn] s]Gb|Lo:t/sf sfof{ noaf6 k| fKt k|ltj]bg
Pj+ sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{noxaf6 k|fKt x'g] lhNnfut ljj/0f,
;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt x'g] j}b]lzs ;xfotf, cfGtl/s C0f,nufgL ;d]taf6 k|fKt
x'g] /sd ;d]tsf] cfwf/df dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] jflif{s kdf
tof/ ug]{ n] vf ;Demg' k5{ .
kl/R5]b@
;l~rt sf]if tyf vftf ;~rfng ;DaGwL Joj:yf
#= ;l~rt sf]ifsf] ;~rfng
;~rfngMM -!_ ;l~rt sf]if ;~rfngsf nflu dxfn]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ non] ;do ;dodf tf]lslbP adf]lhdsf vftfx /xg]5g\ .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf vftfxsf] ;~rfng dxfn]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ no jf ;f] sfof{ non] tf]lslbP adf]lhd sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ no jf
cGo sfof{non] ug]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf vftfxdf cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf afsL /x]sf]
ljlgof]lht /sd dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] tf]lslbP adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
$= ;l~rt sf]ifsf] k|of]uM g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;l~rt sf]ifsf] k|of]u ;fna;fnL kdf
hf/L x'g] ljlgof] hg P]g, k]ZsL vr{ P]g, k"/s P]g, pwf/f] vr{ P]g tyf cGo
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ug]{5 .
%= ;l~rt sf]ifaf6 lgsf;f M -!_ ;fna;fnL k]ZsL vr{ P]g jf ljlgof] hg P]g hf/L
ePkl5 cy{ dGqfnon] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] cfwf/df :jLs[t ah]6 ljj/0f cg';f/
dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] tf]lslbP adf]lhd sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non]
;DalGwt sfof{ nosf] gfddf ;l~rt sf]ifaf6 /sd lgsf;f lbg]5 .
-@_ sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;l~rt
sf]ifaf6 /sd lgsf;f lb+bf To:tf] lgsf;f ePsf] /sd ;DalGwt sfof{ nosf]
gfddf vf]lnPsf] a} vftfdf hDdf x'g] u/L lbg' kg]{5 .
^= vftf vf]Ng] :jLs[l t lng' kg]{M -!_ lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L sf/f]jf/ ug{ lgod ( sf]
pklgod -!_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] a}df dfq lgsf;f lng] sfof{nosf] gfddf
;/sf/L c8\ 8fvfgf -;c_ ;d"xsf] a} vftf vf]Ng :jLs[lt lbOg]5 .
-@_ ljz]if k|of] hg jf ljz]if cj:yfdf lgsf;f lng] eGbf leGg lhNnfdf jf
;/sf/L c8\ 8fvfgf -;c_ ;d" x eGbf leGg ;d"xsf] a} vftf jf ;/sf/L sf/f]j f/
ug{ Ohfht k|fKt gePsf] a}df vftf vf]Ng k/]df dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf]
:jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
&= lgsf;f /sdsf] vftf ;~rfng
;~rfngM lgod % adf]lhd lgsf;f ePsf] /sd hDdf
ePsf] sfof{nosf] gfdsf] vftfsf] ;~rfng sfof{ no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf]
sd{rf/L / cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d' v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] cfly{s k| zf;g zfvfsf]
sd{rf/Lsf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{5 . cfly{s k| zf;g zfvfsf]
b/jGbL l/Qm ePsf] jf b/jGbL g/x]s f] cj:yfdf sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non]
tf]lslbPsf] n]vf ;d" xsf] sd{rf/L / sfof{ no k|d' vsf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 To:tf]
vftfsf] ;~rfng ug'{ kg{]5 . sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] n] vf ;d"xsf]
sd{rf/L pknAw u/fpg g;s]sf] cj:yfdf sfof{no k|d' vn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/L /
sfof{ no k|d'vsf] ;+ o'Qm b:tvtaf6 To:tf] vftfsf] ;~rfng ug'{ kg{] 5 .
*= ;/sf/L /sd ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ lgod % adf]lhd s'g} sfof{ nosf] gfddf
lgsf;f eO{ k|fKt x'g cfpg] /sd g]kfn /fi6 a} jf ;/sf/L sf/f] jf/ ug]{ u/L
tf]lsPsf] a}df bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nosf] k/fdz{df g]kfn
/fi6 a}n] ;/sf/L sf/f]j f/ ug]{ a} tf] Sg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ ;/sf/L sf/f]jf/sf] nflu dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{nosf] k/fdz{df g]kfn
/fi6 a}n] ;/sf/L sf/f]j f/ lgb]{lzsf tof/ u/L nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ ;/sf/L sf/f]j f/ ;~rfngsf] nflu ljleGg sfof{noxdf /sd pknAw

u/fpg a}xdf sf]ifsf] Joj:yf g]kfn /fi6 a}n] ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b #
/fh:j bflvnf / /fh:j n]vf
(= /fh:j /sd a'g]\g] / bflvnf ug]
ug]{M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf]
/fhZj dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs
sfof{ non] tf]sL lbP adf]lhd /fhZj cfh{g ug]{ sfof{nosf] gfddf ;/sf/L
sf/]fjf/ ug{ a}df vf]lnPsf] /fhZj vftf -gg\ ck/]l6e /]leGo" Psfp06_ df hDdf
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ /fhZj cfh{g ug]{ sfof{non] s/bftf jf ;]j f u|fxLaf6 k| fKt x'g] /fhZj
/sd pklgod -!_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] vftfdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . s/bftfaf6
;f]em} a}df hDdf e} k|fKt x'g cfPsf] a} ef}r/ / sfof{non] gub ;+sng u/L
a}df bflvnf u/]sf] a} ef} r/ ;d]tsf] ;DalGwt vftfdf k|lji6 u/L >] :tf /fVg'
kg]{5 . a]?h' /sd gub c;"n ePdf a]?h' sfod ePsf] sfof{nosf] /fhZj vftfdf
hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L hDdf ul/Psf] a} ef} r/ ;+ nUg u/L ;DalGwt sfof{non]
uf]Zjf/f ef}r/ p7fO{ To:tf] /sdsf] cfDbfgL hgfO{ n] vf /fVg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg sfof{non]] bzxhf/
k} of ;Ddsf] gub} a'lemlnO{ To:tf] /fh:j /sd b}lgs kdf pklgod -!_
adf]lhdsf] vftfdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{ 5 / gub /fh:j cfDbfgL a} bflvnf ljj/0fdf
k|lji6 ug'{ kg]{5 . b}lgs kdf a} bflvnf ug{ g;lsg] ePdf sfof{ no k|d' vn]
sf/0f pNn]v u/L ;ft lbgleq To:tf] gub a} bflvnf ug{' kg]{5 . t/ sfof{ no
xftfleq g} a} ;'ljwf pknAw ePsf] cj:yfdf eg] gub a'em\ g kfOg] 5}g .
-$_ s/bftf jf ;]jfu| fxLaf6 r]s jf 8 f6sf] kdf k|fKt ePsf] /sd
;DalGwt a}af6 /fhZj vftfdf hDdf ePsf] ef} r/ k|fKt ePkl5 dfq sfof{non]]
cfDbfgL hgfpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ sfof{ nodf gub jf a} ef}r/sf] kdf k|fKt ePsf] h'g;'s} /fh:j
/sd clgjfo{kdf cfDbfgL /l;b sf6L ;DalGwt vftfdf cfDbfgL hgfpg' kg]{5 .
-^_ /fh:j a]?h' c;" n pk/ ePdf ;DalGwt /fh:j zLif{sdf g} cfDbfgL
afWg' kg]{5 .
!)= /fh:j n]vf cBfjlws u/L /fVg]M k|To]s sfof{ non] cy{ dGqfnoaf6 :jLs[t
/fh:j juL{s/0fsf] JofVof cg' k nutL tyf x;anL /fh:j cfDbfgL bflvnf u/L
lgod ( adf]lhd cfDbfgL hgfpb f bf]xf]/f] ;|]:tf k|0ffnL cg';f/ /fh:j ;|]: tfsf]
nflu dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ noaf6 tf]lsPsf] 9f rfdf n]vf cBfjlws u/L /fVg'
kg]{5 / n] vfdf le8\g] k|dfl0ft sfuhftx klg l;nl;nfa4 tl/sfn] /fVg' kg]{5 .
!!= dfl;s k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ M /fh:j cfDbfgL ug]{ k|To]s sfof{non] ;DalGwt a}df
hDdf ePsf] /fh:jsf] a} lx;fa ldnfg u/L dlxgf e'Qmfg ePsf] ;ft lbgleq
dfl;s ljj/0f tof/ u/L tfn's sfof{no / ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ nodf k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!@= ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{ M lgod !! sf] k|ltj]bgsf] cltl/Qm tfn's sfof{non] dfu
u/] adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg tyf ljj/0f /fh:j cfh{g ug]{ sfof{non] k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
!#= /fh:jsf] jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ M k|To]s sfof{non] cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt
ePsf] k}+tL; lbg leq nutL /fh:jsf] /sd / c;"n x'g afsL /sd tyf x;anL
/fh:j ;d]tsf] sRrfjf/L ;d]t le8fO{ /fh:jsf] jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ u/L
tfn's sfof{ no, ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ no / dxfn] vf k/LIfssf]
!$= lhNnfe/sf] /fh:j ljj/0f tof/ ug]{M ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ non] lgod !# adf]lhd k|fKt cfly{s ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df lhNnf l:yt /fh:j
cfh{g ug]{ ;a} sfof{ nosf] /fh:jsf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L dxfn] vf lgoGqs
!%= sfof{no k|d'vn] lg/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{M sfof{ no k|d'vn] k|To]s dlxgf /fh:j p7\g
5'6 eP jf gePsf] / /fh:j n]vf tyf bflvnfsf] lg/LIf0f u/L /fh:j lxgfldgf
eP jf gePsf] / lgod !) adf]lhd nutL tyf x;anL /fh:jsf] n] vf /x]
g/x]sf] Plsg ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L lg/LIf0f eP jf gePsf] s'/f ;DalGwt sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] cfGtl/s n] vf k/LIf0f ubf{ x]g'{ kg]{5 .
!^= /fh:jsf] s]Gb|L o lx;fa /fVg]M lgod !! adf]lhd sfof{ noaf6 k|fKt dfl;s
ljj/0f / lgod !# adf]lhdsf] jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f cg';f/ tfn's sfof{non]
s]Gb|Lo /fh:j n] vf dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ noaf6 tf]lsPsf] 9frfdf tof/ ug'{
kg]{5 .
!&= n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg]M -!_ sfof{nodf cfDbfgL ePsf] /fh:jsf] cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] tf]lslbP adf]lhd ;DalGwt sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 u/fpg' kg]{5 . clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f ubf{ lx;fa ;+ zf] wg
ePdf ;DalGwt sfof{non] ;+ zf]lwt cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ u/L ;DalGwt sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;+zf]lwt lx;fa k|fKt x'g cfPdf ;DalGwt sf]if
tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] ;+zf]wg ;lxtsf] clGtd ljj/0f dxfn]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ nodf k] z ug'{ kg]{ 5 . dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] klg lgod !^ adf]lhd
tfn's sfof{ non] tof/ u/]sf] s]Gb|Lo /fhZj n]vf;F u le8fO{ clGtd ljj/0f tof/
ug'{ kg]{5 .
!*= sfof{no k|d'v pQ/bfoL x'g]M /fh:j /sd a} bflvnf ug]{, u/fpg] / n] vf /fVg],
/fVg nufpg] pQ/bfloTj sfof{ no k|d' v dfk{mt n] vf k|d' vsf] x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b $
ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!(= ah]6 th'{df ug]{M -!_ k|To]s sfof{ non] tfn's sfof{nosf] lgb]{zg / cy{
dGqfnon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ah]6 ;Ldf tyf ah]6 lbUbz{g / kl/kqsf] cwLgdf /xL
cfgf] p2]Zo cg'ksf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ nIo lgwf{/0f u/L ;f]sf] cfwf/df cfufdL
cfly{s jif{s f] nflu ah] 6 th'{d f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fli6o of] hgf cfof] usf] l;kmfl/;df ax'jifL{o cfof]hgf
tf]sL jh] 6 ljlgof]hg ug{ ;Sg] 5 . ax'jifL{ o cfof]hgf afx]s cGo cfof]hgf tyf
sfo{qmdsf] nflu /fli6o of]hgf cfof] un] cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] of]hgf tyf
sfo{qmdsf] ;DaGwdf k| fyldstf tyf gLltut nIo lgwf{/0f u/L pklgod -!_
adf]lhdsf] kl/kq x'g' cufj} ;DalGwt dGqfno / cy{ dGqfnonfO{ cfjZos
dfu{bz{g pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ cfjlws of] hgfsf] nIo, gLlt / /fli6o of]hgf cfof]usf] dfu{bz{gnfO{
;d]t Wofgdf /fvL g]kfn ;/sf/n] ug'{ kg]{ sfd, xfl;n ug]{ nIo, sfo{qmd /
cfly{s ;|f]t tyf b]xfosf s'[/fxnfO{ ;d]t b[li6ut u/L /fli6o of] hgf cfof]u,
;DalGwt dGqfno / lgsfo ;d]tsf] ;Nnfx lnO{ cfufdL jif{s f] nflu cy{
dGqfnon] If]q ut / dGqfnout ah]6 /sdsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug]{5 . o;/L lgwf{/0f
ul/Psf] ah]6 /sdsf] ;Ldf / cy{ dGqfnon] agfPsf] ah]6 lbUbz{g adf]lhd
;DalGwt lgsfoxnfO{ ah]6 k] z ug]{ ;do tf]sL cy{ dGqfnon] kl/kq ug]{5 M
-s_ ;fn a;fnL ug'{ kg]{ sfdx,
-v_ cfjlws of]hgfn] nIo u/]sf sfdx,
-u_ rfn" e}/x]sf sfd jf cfof]hgfx,
-3_ j}b]lzs ;xfotfsf ;Demf} tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf
cjlwdf ug'{ kg]{ sfdx,
-_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf gLlt / sfo{qmd cg';f/sf sfdx,
-r_ lqjifL{o ah]6 ;Ldf tf]lsPsf] eP ;f] adf]lhdsf
sfo{qmdx,
-5_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx .
@)= ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd tof/ u/L k]z ug]{ M -!_ lgod !( df pNn] v eP adf]lhd
sfof{ nonfO{ cfufdL jif{s f] nflu rflxg] ah]6 / sfo{qmd cg';"rL! sf] 9frfdf
tof/ u/L cy{ dGqfnof/f lgwf{l/t ;do leq tfn's sfof{ nodf k] z ug'{
;DalGwt sfof{ no k|d'vsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-@_ ;DalGwt sfof{non] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ah] 6 tyf sfo{qmd k]z
ubf{ rfn" jif{sf] 5 dlxgf;Ddsf] k|ult ljj/0f cg';"rL@ adf]lhdsf] 9frfdf
;+nUg u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 . ;fy} rfn" sfo{qmd jf cfof]hgf eP ug'{ kg]{ sfdsf]
s"n kl/df0f / nfut, ;f] dWo] ut jif{ ;Dd ;DkGg ePsf] kl/df0f / vr{, rfn"
jif{df ;DkGg ul/g] sfdsf] kl/df0f / nfut, rfn" 5 dlxgfdf ;DkGg kl/df0f
;lxt cfufdL jif{df klg rfn" /fVg' kg{] eP To;sf] kl/df0f / ah]6 ;d]t k] z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-#_ jflif{s ah]6 sfo{qmd / sfof{Gjog tflnsf agfpbf nfut cg'dfg

agfpg], af]nkq cfJxfg u/L :jLs[t ug]{, :yfgLo lgsfo jf pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf]
;xof]u h'6fpg] / ;fdu|L pknAw / 9'j fgL u/fO{ sfo{fGjog ug]{ ljifonfO{ ;d]t
Wofg lbg' kg]{5 . sfo{qmd ;'rf? kn] sfof{ Gjog u/fpg / lgwf{l/t ;doleq
sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ cGo lgsfo;u lng' kg]{ ;xof] u / :jLs[lt af/] kqfrf/ / 5nkmn
ug]{ sfo{ tyf nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug]{, 7] Ssf kf :jLs[t ug]{ sfo{ ;d]t k|yd
rf}dfl;s cjlwdf ;dfKt u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .
-$_ sfof{noxn] vr{ ;DaGwL ah]6 k] z ubf{ cfgf] sfof{ noaf6 p7tL
x'g] /fh:j /sdsf] klg ah]6 lbUbz{gdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] 9f rfdf /fh:j cg'dfg
agfO{ k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ sfo{qmdut ah]6 th'{df ubf{ cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d' vsf] ;xeflutf
x'g' kg]{5 .
-^_ k"/s ah]6 k] z ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgb]{zg ePdf lgb]{zg adf]lhd
ug'{ kg]{5 .
@!= ah]6 tof/Ldf tfn's sfof{nosf] st{J o M -!_ lgod @) df pNn]v eP adf]lhd
ah]6 ;Ldfleq /x]/ cfjZos af 8kmf8 u/L ;Ldf tf]sL ah]6 tof/ ug{ u/fpg
nufpg] st{ Jo ;DalGwt tfn's sfof{nosf] x'g]5 . ;DalGwt tfn's sfof{non]
cfkm" cGtu{t /x]sf ljefu jf sfof{nonfO{ cy{ dGqfnoaf6 ah]6 th'{d f ;DaGwL
kl/kq k|fKt ePsf] ;ft lbgleq ah]6 tof/ ug]{ lgb]{zg k7fpg' kg]{ 5 .
-@_ cGtu{tsf sfof{ noaf6 ah]6 cg'dfg tyf jflif{s sfo{qmd k|fKt
ePkl5 ;f] 5fglag u/L ah]6 ;Ldf, cfjlws of]hgfsf] gLlt cg'k /
pknAwLd" ns eP jf gePsf] hfrL clGtd k lbO{ ah]6 lbUbz{g / cy{
dGqfnosf] kl/kqsf] cltl/Qm lgod @) sf] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd jflif{s sfo{qmd
;d]t tof/ u/L ah]6 lbUbz{gdf tf]lsPsf] ;dodf k'Ug] u/L ;DalGwt dGqfnon]
cy{ dGqfno ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd dxfzfvfdf k7fpg' kg{] 5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd ah]6nfO{ clGtd k lb+bf ah]6 ;Ldf cg'k
eP jf gePsf] / pknlAwd"ns eP jf gePsf] k|i6 ug'{ kg]{5 .
@@= cfof]hgf :jLs[t ug]{ u/fpg] M -!_ ljsf; cfof]hgfsf] ah]6 th'{d f ubf{ k|:tfljt
cfof]hgfsf] ;DefJotf cWoog / cfly{s, k|fljlws, jftfj/0fLo tyf k|zf;sLo
pko'Qmtfsf] cfwf/df To;af6 x'g] k|ltkmnsf] ;d]t ljrf/ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6
To:tf] cfof]hgf :jLs[t ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . lhNnf:t/Lo cfof] hgf /fli6o of]hgf
cfof]usf] gLltleq /xL ;DalGwt dGqfnosf ;lrjn] / s]Gb|Lo:t/Lo cfof]hgf
/fli6o of] hgf cfof] un] :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 . cfof] hgf :jLs[t ug]{ cfwf/ cg' ;"rL#
df pNn] v eP adf]lhd x'g] 5 . o;/L :jLs[t cfof]hgf sfof{ Gjog ug{sf] nflu
lj:t[t ;j]{If0f, 8O, l8hfOg, nfut cg'dfg / ;f] cg';f/ jflif{s sfo{qmd
lglZrt u/L ;f] xL cfwf/df jflif{s ah]6 th'{df ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ kGw|nfv k} of eGbf sd nfut kg]{ cfof]hgfsf] ;DaGwdf pko'{Qm
ljlw ckgfO{ cfof]hgf :jLs[t ug{ ;Dej gePdf sfdsf] cfjZostf, nfut,
To;af6 x'g] pTkfbg jf /f]huf/L j[l4 jf cGo cfly{s ;fdflhs p2]Zo k|flKtsf]
ljj/0f v'nfO{ To;sf] cfwf/df ;DalGwt dGqfnon] :jLs[t u/L ah] 6df ;dfj] z
u/fO{ sfd u/fpg ;Sg] 5 . o;sf] hfgsf/L /fli6 o of]hgf cfof]u nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd :jLs[t cfof]hgfsf] ljj/0f ;DalGwt dGqfnon]
Ps k|lt ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf / lhNnf :t/Lo cfof]hgfsf]
xsdf Ps k|lt lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf ;d]t k7fpg' kg]{5 .
@#= sfo{qmd :jLs[t ug]
ug]{ M -!_ sfof{nosf] p2]Zo, gLltut nIo / :jLs[t ah] 6
cGtu{t lgod @@ sf] pklgod -!_ sf] cwLgdf /xL cfgf]] dGqfno / cGtu{ t
;~rfng x'g] sfo{qmd dGqfnon] :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L :jLs[t ePsf] sfo{qmd
s]Gb|Lo:t/sf] ePdf dGqfnon] ;f]sf] hfgsf/L /fli6 o of]hgf cfof]u nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd / vr{ ug]{ clVtof/L
;DalGwt dGqfnon] cfly{s jif{ z'? ePsf] kGw| lbgleq ;DalGwt sfof{ nodf
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ ;DalGwt dGqfnon] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmdsf]
hfgsf/L ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no / /fli6o of]hgf cfof]unfO{
lbg' kg]{5 . ;fy} ;DalGwt dGqfnon] vr{ ug]{ clVtof/Lsf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt sf]if
tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
10
@$= sfo{qmd ;+zf]wg ug]{ M sfof{ non] :jLs[t sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ l;nl;nfdf
:yfgLo kl/l:yltnfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fvL To:tf] sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zo, nIo, :jLs[t
ah]6 / cfjlws of] hgf cg's"n x'g] u/L To:tf] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug{ cfjZos
7fg]df ;+ zf] wg ug'{ kg]{ :ki6 sf/0f vf]nL tfn's dGqfnosf] :jLs[t lnO{ nfut
ga9\g] u/L To:tf] sfo{qmddf cfjZos ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L sfo{qmddf
ul/Psf] ;+zf]wgsf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt dGqfno / sfof{ non] /fli6o of]hgf
cfof]u nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
@%= rf}dfl;s k|ult ljj/0f k]z ug]{ M ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ k|To]s
sfof{ non] cg';"rL@ adf]lhdsf] 9frfdf rf}d fl;s k| ult ljj/0f tof/ u/L tfn's
sfof{ nodf, sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf / lhNnf:t/Lo sfo{qmdsf] xsdf
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf klg k7fpg' kg]{5 .
@^= ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog k|ult ;dLIff ug]
ug]{ M -!_ lgod @% adf]lhd
rf}dfl;s k|ult ljj/0f k|fKt ePkl5 tfn's sfof{non] To;sf] ef}lts /
ljQLokIfsf] ;dLIff ug'{ kg]{5 / ;a} sfof{noaf6 k|ult ljj/0f k|fKt u/L s]Gb|Lo
:t/sf] k|ult ljj/0f tof/ u/L To;sf] ef}lts / ljQLo kIfsf] ;fd'lxs ;dLIff ug'{
kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ul/g] ;dLIffdf k|ult sd x'g'sf k|d' v sf/0fx
/ ;f]sf] lgldQ lhDd]jf/ JolQm ;d]tsf] klxrfg ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] ;dLIffdf
;'wf/sf nflu rfNg' kg]{ sbdx / lhDd]jf/ JolQm pk/ ug'{ kg]{ sf/afxL klg
pNn]v x'g' kg]{ 5 .
-#_ tfn's sfof{nosf k|d' vn] ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd cg';f/ k|ult eP jf
gePsf] / afwf c8\sfp k/]sf] eP ;f] km'sfO{ lbg] / s]xL lgb]{zg lbg' kg]{ eP ;f]
;d]t lbg] / lhDd]jf/ JolQm pk/ sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{ eP ;f] ;d]t k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ o; lgod adf]lhd k|ult ljj/0f k| fKt geP tfn's sfof{non] tfs]t f
u/L k|ult ljj/0f k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5 . k|ult ljj/0f tf]lslbPsf] ;dodf gk7fpg]
sfof{ no k|d'vsf] tna /f] Ssf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
11
-%_ tfn's sfof{ non] ah]6 zLif{s , pk zLif{ssf] cfwf/df rf}dfl;s k| ult
ljj/0f tof/ u/L cy{ dGqfnodf k7fpg' kg{] 5 . To:tf] rf}dfl;s k|ult ljj/0fsf]
cfwf/df cy{ dGqfnon] jflif{s ah]6sf] dWofjlw d"N ofg u/L k|ltj]bg k|sfzg
ug{]5 .
@&= j}b]lzs ;xfotf ah]6 ljj/0fdf ;dfj]z ug]{ M -!_ s'g} klg sfof{ non] ljb]zL
;+3, ;+: yf, Ph]G ;L jf /fi6 xaf6 s'g} klg lsl;dsf] gubL jf lhG;L ;xfotf
k|fKt ubf{ jf k|fKt ug]{ ;Df}t f ubf{ /fli6o of]hgf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lnO{ cy{
dGqfnosf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] jf x'g] ;xfotfnfO{ sfof{non]
jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf ah] 6df k|ltljlDat u/fO{ cfDbfgL vr{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd j}b]lzs ;xfotf ah]6df k|ltljlDjt ubf{ cy{
dGqfnon] ljlgof]hg ah]6 /sddf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ j}b]lzs ;xfotf ;DaGwL ;Df}t f eP kl5 cy{ dGqfnon] ;Df}tfsf]
Ps Ps k|lt dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ no / dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf tL;
lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{5 .
@*= sL /sd olsg ug'{ kg]
j}b]lzs ;xfotf cGtu{t vr{ x'g af
afsL kg]{ M -!_ ldq /fi6 jf
cGt/f{li6o ;+3 ;+:yfaf6 k| fKt ePsf] j}b]lzs C0f, cg'bfg jf ;xof] uaf6
;~rflnt cfof]hgfn] jflif{s sfo{qmd tof/ u/L k7fpbf ldq /fi6 jf cGt/f{li6o
;+3 ;+: yf;u j}b]lzs C0f cg'bfg ;xof] usf ;DaGwdf ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf ljleGg
zLif{sdf Jojl:yt /sd dWo] rfn" jif{sf] cGTo ;Dddf vr{ eO{ cfufdL cfly{s
jif{sf] nflu s] slt art /xG5 eGg] s'/f ;d]t cg';"rL$, cg';"rL%, cg';"rL^
/ cg';"rL& adf]lhdsf 9frfsf kmf/fd e/L k] z ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L k]z ul/;s]sf
kmf/fddf el/Psf c+sxnfO{ j}b]lzs ;xfotf k|bfg ug]{ ldq /fi6 jf cGt/f{li6o
;+3 ;+: yfsf] ;xfotf ljj/0f k|ltj]bgn] k'i6\ ofO+{ u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
12
-@_ Pp6} j}b]lzs ;xfotf ;Demf}tf cGtu{ t k| fKt ePsf] C0f, cg'bfg
;xof]u Ps eGbf a9L lgsfon] pkof]u jf vr{ ug]{ cj:yf eO{ tL dWo] s'g}
lgsfonfO{ ;+ of]hs tf]lsPsf] eP ;f] lgsfon] / ;+of]hs gtf]lsPsf] eP ;a}eGbf
a9L ;xof]u pkof]u ug]{ lgsfon] ;Dk"0 f{ ljj/0f ;dfof]hg u/L pklgod -!_
adf]lhd k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 . ;+of]hg ug]{ lgsfo jif}{ lkR5] km/skm/s x'g] ePdf z' ?
jif{df h'g lgsfoaf6 ;+of]hg ul/Psf] xf], ;f] xL lgsfon] ;f] sfo{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ Pp6} j}b]lzs C0f, cg'bfg ;xof]u ;DaGwL ;Demf}t f cGtu{t j}b]lzs
;xfotf pkof] u ug]{ ;a} lgsfonfO{ cy{ dGqfnon] Ps} k6s pkl:yt u/fO{ ah]6
5nkmn ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
@(= j}b]lzs ;xfotfsf] cfly{s kIf tyf n]vfk/LIf0f af/]df /fo lng]
lng] M j}b]lzs
;xfotf ;DaGwL ;Df}t f ug'{ cl3 ;DalGwt sfof{ non] n] vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwdf
dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{nosf] / cfly{s kIf ;DaGwdf dxfn]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ nosf] /fo lng' kg]{ 5 .
t/ klxnf g} /fo k|fKt e};s]sf] /x] 5 eg] /fo lng cfjZos x'g] 5}g .
#)= cy{ dGqfnon] ah]6 tyf sfo{qmdnfO{ clGtd k lbg]
lbgM] -!_ o; lgodfjnL
adf]lhd ;a} lgsfoaf6 ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd k|fKt u/L cfjZos 5nkmn ;d]t u/L
ah]6 tyf sfo{qmdnfO{ clGtd k lbg] sfd cy{ dGqfnon] ug]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ah]6 tyf sfo{s|dnfO{ clGtd k lb+bf lgod
@) adf]lhd tof/ u/L k]z x'g cfPsf]] ah] 6 ljj/0f dfly cy{ dGqfnon] d'n'ssf]
cfly{s l:ylt larf/ u/L ;DalGwt dGqfno / /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u ;u k/fdz{
u/L yk36 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd cy{ dGqfnon] ah]6 yk36 ubf{ ;DalGwt
dGqfno;u 5nkmn u/L ;f] xL adf]lhd sfo{qmd klg ldnfpg nufpg' kg]{5 .
#!= ah]6 lgsf;f, vr{ tyf nIo / k|ult agfO{ k]z ug]
ug]{ M ah]6;fy Joj:yflksf
;+;bdf k] z ug{ dGqfno tyf cGtu{t sfof{ nonfO{ lgsf;f ePsf] ah] 6 /sd, vr{
tyf vr{ cg';f/sf] nIo / k|ult k|To]s ;fnsf] r}q dlxgfleq cy{ dGqfnodf k] z
ug'{ ;a} dGqfnosf] pQ/bfloTj x'g]5 .
13
kl/R5]b %
ah]6 lgsf;f / ;/sf/L /sd vr{ ug]{ tl/sf
#@= ah]6 lgsf;f M -!_ ;fna;fnL k]ZsL vr{ P]g jf ljlgof]hg P]g jf k"/s
ljlgof]hg P]g jf pwf/f] vr{ P]g hf/L ePkl5 cy{ dGqfnosf ;lrjn] ;DalGwt
;lrjnfO{ ah]6 zLif{s, pkzLif{s / /sd ;d]t v'n]sf] ah]6 ljj/0f, ljsf;
ah]6df k/]sf cfof] hgfxsf] lglDt vr{ Joxf]g]{ ;|f]tsf] ljj/0f / ah]6 vr{ ug]{
u/fpg] ;DaGwL clVtof/L kq k7fpg' kg]{5 . To:tf] ah]6 ljj/0f / vr{ ug]{
clVtof/L kqsf] af]wfy{ dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ no / dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ah]6 ljj/0f / vr{ ug]{ clVtof/Lkq k|fKt
ePsf] kGw| lbg leq ;DalGwt ;lrjn] ljefuLo k|d'vnfO{ / ljefuLo k|d'vn]
dftxt sfof{no k|d'v jf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ sfof{no k|d' vnfO{ sfof{ nout
ah]6 ljj/0f :jLs[t sfo{qmd / vr{ Joxf]g]{ ;| f]t vf] nL ah] 6 vr{ ug]{ clVtof/Lkq
k7fpg' kg]{5 . ;DalGwt ;lrjn] To:tf] sfof{ nout ah]6 ljj/0f, sfo{qmd / vr{
ug]{ clVtof/L kqsf] af]wfy{ dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no / ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf
lgoGqs sfof{ nonfO{ klg k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd sfof{nout ah]6 ljj/0f, sfo{qmd / vr{ ug]{
clVtof/Lkq k| fKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt sfof{non] dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{non]
tf]lslbP adf]lhdsf] kmf/fd e/L ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf
ah]6 lgsf;f dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . ah]6 lgsf;f dfu u/L k7fpbf cl3Nnf]
dlxgf;Ddsf] ljlgof]hg vr{sf] kmf 6af/L k] z ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L lgsf;f dfu ubf{
/fhZj, w/f}6L / k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd v8f ePsf] sfo{ ;~rfng sf]if nufot
;Dk"0f{ sf/f]j f/sf]] dfl;s kmf6af/L ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf
k]z u/L ;s]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 /Ltk"j{s ah] 6 lgsf;f
dfu k] z ePkl5 ;f] sfof{nosf] /fhZj, w/f}6L / k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd v8f
ePsf] sfo{ ;~rfng sf]if cGtu{t eP u/]sf ;Dk"0 f{ sf/f]jf/sf]] dfl;s kmf6af/L
k]z eO{ ;s]sf] eP ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ noaf6 ;f] sfof{ nosf]
14
:jLs[t ah]6 leq /xL, dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] tf]lslbP adf]lhd ah]6
lgsf;f /sd ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] vftfdf hDdf ug]{ Joj:yf u/fO{ To;sf] ;"rgf
;DalGwt sfof{nonfO{ / ah]6 vr{ ug]{ clVtof/L lbg] sfof{no ;d]tnfO{ lbg'
kg]{5 . o;/L ah]6 /sd lgsf;f lb+bf cy{ dGqfno jf ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] tfn's
dGqfno, ljefuaf6 ah]6 /sd lgsf;f /f]Ssf ePsf]df k'ms'jf geP;Dd To:tf]
/sd lgsf;f lbg' x'b}g .
t/ ah]6 /sd lgsf;f e} vr{ e};s]kl5 pQm lgsf;f /f] Ssf /fVg n]l v
cfPdf ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] To:tf] lgsf;f /f]Ssf /fVg
g;Sg] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt sfof{nosf] tfn's dGqfno jf ljefunfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd ah]6 /sd lgsf;f lb+bf j}b]lzs ;xof]u jf
C0f ;xfotf ;dfj]z ePsf] of]hgfsf] ;DaGwdf dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6
tf]s]sf] sfo{ljlw cg';f/ lgsf;f lbg' kg]{5 .
-^_ ;fna;fnL ljlgof]hg P]g kf/Lt gePsf] cj:yfdf jf ljlgof] hg P]g
kf/Lt eO{ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhdsf sfuhftx k|fKt eOg;s]sf] cj:yfdf
ah]6 /sd lgsf;f k|lqmof dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] tf]ls lbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-&_ pklgod -#_, -$_, -%_ / -^_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg lhNnf
l:yt ;/sf/L sfof{nosf]] lglDt lalgof]lht ah]6 ;DalGwt sfof{non] lbPsf]
e'QmfgL cfb]z cg';f/ ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ noaf6} vr{ n]vL
e'QmfgL lbg' kbf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ tl/sf dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] tf]lslbP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-*_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ah]6 /sd lgsf;f
/ vr{ ;DaGwdf cy{ dGqfnon] yk sfo{ljlw tf]lslbg ;Sg]5 .
##= sL /sd lkmtf{ bflvnf ug]{ M cfly{s jif{ leq vr{ geO{ afsL
;fn tdfddf af
afsL
/xg cfPsf]] /sd b]xfo adf]lhd lkmtf{ bflvnf ug{' kg]{5 M
-s_ lk|mh gx'g] ah]6 pkzLif{s k|To]s jif{ dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{non]
tf]lslbg]5 . To;/L] lk|mh gx'g] egL tf]s]sf] pkzLif{sxsf] xsdf afx]s
;fn tdfd x'g' eGbf sDtLdf ;ft lbg cufl8 g} ;DalGwt sfof{non]
e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ /sdx e'QmfgL lbO{ cfly{s sf/f]jf/ aGb ug'{ kg]{5 .
15
o;/L cfly{s sf/f]j f/ aGb u/]kl5 lgsf;f / vr{sf] n] vf cBfjlws u/L

afsL /x]sf] /sd ;DalGwt sfof{ non] ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ nodf lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-v_ ;fn tdfd x'g' eGbf sDtLdf kf r lbg cufl8 ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf
lgoGqs sfof{non] lhNnfl:yt ;a} sfof{ non] v08 -s_ adf]lhd u/] jf
gu/]sf] lg/LIf0f u/L gug]{ sfof{ nosf] xsdf t'?Gt ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 /
geP a} vftf /f] Ssf /fVg' kg]{ 5 .
-u_ v08 -s_ sf] ;do kl5 klg sfof{nonfO{ clt cfjZos sfd k/L vr{ ug'{
k/]df ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 :jLs[lt / lgsf;f
lnO{ e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-3_ k|To]s sfof{ non] n] vf cBfjlws /fv] jf g/fv]sf], cfjZos ljj/0fx
tof/ u/] jf gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non]
cfsl:ds lg/LIf0f u/L ;f] adf]lhd u/]sf] gb]lvPdf t'? Gt ug{ nufO{
tfn's sfof{ no / dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k|ltj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
#$= b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ /sd lgsf;f ug]{ M ;fna;fnL k]ZsL vr{ P]g jf
ljlgof]hg P]g nfu" e} lgod #@ sf] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd sfof{ nout ah] 6
ljj/0f / sfo{qmd k|fKt gePsf] cj:yfdf sfof{nosf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng ug{sf]
nflu dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] tf]lslbP adf]lhdsf] /sd ;DalGwt sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] k]ZsLsf] kdf lgsf;f ug{ ;Sg]5 . k]ZsL vr{ P]g
cGtu{t lgsf;f ePsf] /sd ljlgof]hg P]g nfu" ePkl5 :jtM ljlgof] hg P]g
adf]lhd lgsf;f ePsf] dflgg]5 .
#%= :jLs[t ah]6af6 vr{ ug]{ M -!_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] afx]s c? s;}n] klg
vr{ ug]{ cfb]z lbg jf vr{ :jLs[t ug{ x'b}g .
-@_ vr{ ug]{ jf vr{s f] lgsf;f lbg] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] b]xfosf
s'/fx ljrf/ u/L vr{ ug{ / vr{ ug]{ lgsf;f lbg' kg]{5 M
-s_ /sd :jLs[t ah]6leq / ;DalGwt vr{ zLif{sdf k5{ /
vr{ ug{ afsL 5 eg],
16
-v_ /sd s'g} of]hgfsf] ;DaGwdf eP ;f] of]hgf :jLs[t

eO;s]sf] 5 eg],
-u_ /sd vr{ ug'{eGbf cl3 vr{ ug{ lgsf;fsf] cfb]z k|fKt
eO;s]sf] 5 eg], /
-3_ j}b]lzs ;|f]taf6 Joxf]g]{df ;| f]t k|fKt e};s]sf] jf ;Demf}tf
k|efjsf/L ePsf] 5 eg] .
-#_ ;DalGwt pkzLif{sdf ljlgof]lht Ps ;d"xsf] vr{ zLif{ssf] /sd
gDa/df /sd ckof{Kt 5 / ;f] /sd vr{ gu/]df ;/sf/L xfgL gf] S;fgL x'g] jf
;/sf/L sfddf afwf kg]{ b]lvPdf ;f]sf] :ki6 sf/0f v' nfO{ ;f]xL pkzLif{ssf] csf{]
;d"xsf] vr{ zLif{ssf] df}Hbft /sdaf6 vr{ u/L To:tf] sfd ePsf] ;ft lbgleq
To;/L vr{ u/]sf] /sd lgod #* adf]lhd lgoldt u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd ;DalGwt cfly{s jif{df lgsf;f lbPsf] cfb] z
tyf /sd dWo] vr{ ge} afsL /x]sf] /sd lgod ## sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd lkmtf{
x'g g;s]df ;f] xL cfly{s jif{sf] ;dflKtdf :jtM lglis|o ePsf] dflgg]5 . lgod ##
sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd lkmtf{ bflvnf ePsf] /sd lgsf;fdf 36fOg]5 .
#^= ;/sf/L /sd vr{ ;DaGwL sfo{l jlw M -!_ gof cfly{s jif{ z'? ePkl5 sfof{ no
k|d'vn] lgod #@ adf]lhd lgsf;f lnO{ ah]6sf] ;Ldf leq /xL lgwf{l/t sfo{d f
vr{ ug'{ k5{ .
-@_ ;DalGwt ah]6 leqsf] /sd vr{ ubf{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6
:jLs[lt u/fO{ vr{ ug'{ kg]{5 . :jLs[t ah]6 leq k/]sf] t/ sf/0fjz clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[t lagf vr{ u/]sf] /sd lghn] dgfl;a 7fg]df kl5 :jLs[t u/L
lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd vr{ ubf{ vr{sf] lan e/kfO{;lxt n] vf /fVg'
kg{]5 . lan e/kfO{ cfpg g;Sg] sfddf vr{ ePsf] km'6s/ vr{s f] xsdf vr{ ug]{
sd{rf/Ln] k|dfl0ft u/L clwsf/ k| fKt clwsf/Lf/f ;dy{g u/fO{ n] vf /fVg' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM o; pklgodsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu lan e/kfO{ cfpg g;Sg] sfddf
ePsf] km'6s/ vr{ eGgfn] Ps k6sdf Ps xhf/ k} ofeGbf sd /sdsf] 6\ofS;L,
l/S;fef8f, s'NnL vr{ / blIf0ff cflbdf ePsf] vr{ ;Demg' k5{ .
17
-$_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] ljz]if vr{ jf zflGt ;'/Iff tyf u'Ktr/
;DaGwL lan e/kfO{ b]vfpg plrt gx'g] vr{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] clwsf/Ln]
vr{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] clwsf/Laf6 ;dy{g u/fO{ n]vf /fVg' kg]{5 . g]kfn
;/sf/n] To;/L clwsf/L tf] Sbf vr{sf] ;Ldf klg tf]ls lbg' kg]{5 .
-%_ ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 s'g} tflnd,;]ldgf/,uf]i 7L, sfof{zfnfuf]i 7L cflb
;~rfng ug'{ kbf{ ;f] sfo{sf] sfo{qmd tyf nfut cg'dfg tof/ u/L clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 . o:tf] :jLs[t sfo{qmd cg'k ;~rflnt
tflnd, ;]ldgf/, uf]i7L, sfof{ zfnfuf]i7L cflb ;DkGg eO;s]kl5 sfo{qmd cg'k
sfo{ ;DkGg eP gePsf] / To;df vr{ ul/Psf dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f tyf lan
e/kfO{ ;lxtsf] vr{ b]lvg] u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{ 5 . To:tf] k|ltj]bg clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t ePkl5 o:tf] sfo{d f vr{ ePsf vr{ eP/ hfg]
dfn;fdfgxsf] vl/b cfb] z, bflvnf l/kf]6{ tof/ u/L sfof{ nodf /x]sf] lhG;L
vftfdf cfDbfgL tyf vr{ hgfO{ /xg' kg]{ 5}g .
-^_ ljsf; cfof] hgf tkm{ of]hgfsf] ;e]{ , l8hfOg, nfut cg'dfg tyf
sfo{qmd tof/ u/L :jLs[t u/fO{ ah]6df lgwf{l/t ul/Psf] /sd lgsf;f lnO{
lgodfg';f/ vr{ ug'{ / ;dod} lgwf{l/t sfo{qmd cg' ;f/ dfn;fdfgsf] pknlAw
tyf k|fljlws Pj+ k|zf;sLo Joj:yf ldnfO{ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug'{ ;DalGwt sfof{ no
k|d'v jf of]hgf k|d'vsf] st{ Jo x'g]5 . o; ;DaGwdf afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg
cfjZos lgsf;f dfu ePsf]d f To;sf] lgsf;f ;dod} lbg' ;DalGwt dGqfno jf
ljefusf] st{ Jo x'g]5 .
-&_ cfkm"n] lhDdf lnPsf] ;/sf/L k}of / To;sf] lx;fa lstfa lan ekf{O{
jf k|df0f n] vf k|d' vf/f /fVg] tyf /fVg nufpg] ;d]tsf] ;Dk"0f{ bfloTj sfof{ no
k|d'vsf] x'g]5 / vr{ ubf{ :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL sfof{ no k|d'vn] :jLs[t
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ s'g} /sdsf] e'QmfgL lb+bf /Lt k'u] jf gk'u]sf] hf r ug'{ kg]{5 . vr{
ePsf] ;a} /l;b lan e/kfO{xdf l;nl;n]jf/ gDa/ /fvL sfof{ no k|d' vn] tf]s]sf]
sd{rf/Ln] e'QmfgL ePsf] hgfpg] 5fk ;d]t nufO{ b:tvt u/L k|d fl0ft ug'{
kg]{5 .
18
-(_ sfof{ no k|d' vn] cfly{s sf/f] jf/ ubf{ cfgf dftxtsf sd{rf/L pk/
k"/f /]vb] v k' ofO{ gub tyf lhG;Ldf s'g} lsl;dsf] lxgfldgf, xfgL gf]S;fgL jf
nfk/jfxL ;d]t x'g gkfpg] u/L ;/sf/L gub lhG;L ;'/lIft /fVg plrt k|aGw
ug'{ kg]{5 . cfk"mn] ug'{ kg]{ sfd cfk"m d'lgsf sd{rf/Lf/f u/fPdf klg To:tf] sfd
k|lt lghsf] pQ/bfloTj /xg] 5 .
-!)_ sfof{ no k|d'v jf lghaf6 clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no / ;DalGwt dGqfno jf tfn's
ljefudf n]vfsf dfl;s kmf 6af/L k] z ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-!!_ dftxt sfof{ nodf cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfd st{Josf] plrt
kfng ug'{ jf u/fpg' / dftxtsf sfof{nosf] lx;fa s]Gb|Lo lx;fadf ;dfj] z u/fO{
hfra'em u/fpg' ;DalGwt dGqfno / ljefusf] pQ/bfloTj x'g] 5 .
-!@_ sfof{no k|d' vn] ;'Dk]sf] sfd / cfly{s sf/f]j f/sf] n] vf /fVg]
lhDd]jf/L axg u/L cfly{s sf/f]jf/df sfof{ no k|d'vnfO{ d2t ug'{ / k|rlnt
sfg"g adf]lhd sfof{no k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTjdf lx;fa lstfa /Ltk"j{s /fvL
n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] sfd st{ Jo cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d' vsf] x'g]5 .
-!#_ lhNnf l:yt ;/sf/L sfof{nosf]] lglDt lalgof]lht ah]6 ;DalGwt
sfof{ non] lbPsf] e'QmfgL cfb]z cg';f/ ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ noaf6} vr{ n] vL e'QmfgL lb+bf sfof{no k|d'vaf6 :jLs[t vr{ ah]6sf] kl/lWf
leq /xL vr{ n] vL x/lx;fa /fVg] st{Jo sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf]
x'g]5 .
-!$_ cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof
gk'u]sf] cfly{s sf/f]j f/sf] e'QmfgL lbg jf e'QmfgLsf] lgldQ k]z ug{ jf e'QmfgLsf]
lgldQ l;kmfl/; ug{ x'b}g . cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng Pj+ e'QmfgL lbg] ;DaGwdf
sfof{ no k|d'v / cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'v aLrdf dte]b ePdf sfof{ no
k|d'vsf] lg0f{ o cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 . o:tf] lg0f{ osf] hfgsf/L cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf
k|d'vn] tfn's sfof{ no / ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no ;dIf t'?Gt
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
19
-!%_ pklgod -!$_ adf]lhd dte]b ePsf ljifodf hfra' u/L ;DalGwt
sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] ;DalGwt sfof{nonfO{ cfjZos k/fdz{ lbg'
kg]{5 . To;/L lbOPsf] k/fdz{sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt sf]i f tyf n]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ non] ;DalGwt sfof{ nosf] tfn's sfof{no / dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nonfO{
;d]t lbg' kg]{5 .
-!^_ pklgod -!$_ / -!%_ adf]lhd k| fKt k|ltj]bg pk/ ;DalGwt
sfof{ nosf] tfn's sfof{ non] 5fgjLg u/L cfjZos sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
#&= j}b]lzs ;xfotf zf]wegf{ lng] M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;| f]taf6 vr{ u/L bft[
kIfaf6 zf]wegf{ lng' kg]{df b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ ;DalGwt dGqfno jf ljefun] ljleGg bft[ kIf;u ePsf]
;Demf}tfsf] cfwf/df k|To]s cfof]hgfn] vr{ u/]sf] /sd
zf] wegf{ dfu ug]{ clwsf/L tf]lslbg' kg]{5 / zf]wegf{ dfu
ug]{ sfof{ nodf vr{sf] kmf 6af/L / cGo ljj/0f pknAw
u/fpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . zf]wegf{ dfu ug]{ jf ;f]em}
e'QmfgL dfu ug]{ clwsf/Lsf] b:tvt k7fpbf ;+ o'Qm
b:tvt x'g] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-v_ ;DalGwt cfof]hgf jf sfof{non] zf] wegf{ x'g] u/L
;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 k| fKt u/]sf]
lgsf;f /sd k|rlnt sfg"g tyf ;Demf}t fdf ePsf] Joj:yf
cg';f/ vr{ u/L n] vf /fVg' kg]{5 . /Ltk"j{ssf] vr{sf]
kmf6af/L / zf] wegf{ dfu ug]{ sfof{ non] dfu u/]sf] cGo
ljj/0f tyf cfjZos sfuhftx dlxgf e'QmfgL ePsf]
;ft lbg leq pknAw u/fpg' vr{ ug]{ ;DalGwt
sfof{ nosf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-@_ zf]wegf{ dfu ug]{ st{Jo ePsf] sfof{non] zf]wegf{ dfu ubf{ b]xfo
adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{ 5 M
-s_ dftxtsf sfof{ no jf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog OsfO{nfO{ ;Demf}t f
adf]lhd s] s:tf] /sd vr{ ug{ ;lsG5, s] s:tf] /sd
20
vr{ u/]df bft[ kIfaf6 zf] wegf{ x'g ;Sb}g To;sf]

hfgsf/L k7fpg' kg]{ 5 . bft[ kIfaf6 zf]wegf{ x'g] u/L
lgsf;f ePsf] /sdaf6 zf]wegf{ x'g g;Sg] /sd vr{ ug'{
jf u/fpg' x'b}g .
-v_ dftxtsf sfof{ no jf sfo{qmd sfof{G jog OsfO{af6
zf] wegf{ dfu ug{ cfjZos kg]{ vr{sf] kmf6af/Lsf] cltl/Qm
cGo cfjZos ljj/0f jf sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-u_ dftxtsf sfof{ no jf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog OsfO{af6 vr{sf]
kmf6af/L / cGo cfjZos ljj/0f ;+sng u/L hfrL
zf] wegf{ of]U o /sd lgwf{/0f u/L ;DalGwt bft[ kIfdf
a9Ldf k} tfnL; lbg leq bft[ kIfsf] lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd
dfu b/vf:t kmf/fd tof/ u/L zf] wegf{ dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .
o;/L zf]wegf{ dfu ePsf] b/vf:tsf] Ps k|lt dxfn] vf
lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k7fpg' kg]{ 5 . Go"gtd dfu ;Ldf
-y|];xf]N8_ gk'u]df ;f] k'u]kl5 dfq zf]wegf{ dfu u/L
k7fpg ;lsg]5 .
-3_ dftxtsf sfof{no jf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog OsfO{nfO{ sf]if
tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 zf]wegf{ x'g] u/L lgsf;f
ePsf], bft[ kIf ;u zf]wegf{ dfu ePsf] , zf]wegf{ dfu x'g
afsL, zf]wegf{ k| fKt ePsf], zf] wegf{ k|fKt x'g afsL cflb /
;f]em} e'QmfgL dfu b/vf:t / e'QmfgLsf] clen] v /fvL
dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf ePsf] clen]v;u k|To]s
rf/ dlxgfdf le8fpg' kg]{5 .
-_ k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] tLg dlxgf leq clGtd
n]vf k/LIf0f gePsf] cj:yfdf klg kl/of]hgf n] vf -cg
cl86] 8 k|f]h]S6 Psfp06_ tof/ u/L bft[ kIfnfO{ k7fpg'
kg]{5 . clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg u/fO{ kl/of]hgf n] vf
bft[ kIfn] lglb{i6 u/] adf]lhd k7fpg' kg]{5 .
21
-r_ kl/of]hgfsf] gfddf vf]lnPsf] ljz]if vftfsf] lx;fa dfl;s

kdf a} :6] 6d]06; u le8fO{ ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg dxfn] vf
lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-5_ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] sflt{s d;fGtleq ut cfly{s jif{sf]
j}b]lzs ;|f]t tkm{sf] zf]wegf{ / ;f]em} e'QmfgL lx;fasf] k"0f{
ljj/0f / To; ;DaGwL Plss[t cfly{s ljj/0f dxfn] vf
lgoGqs sfof{ nodf clgjfo{ kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd vr{ ug{] sfof{non] vr{s f]
kmf6af/L zf] wegf{ dfukq k] z ug]{ sfof{nodf k7fPsf] / zf]wegf{ dfu ug]{
sfof{ non] dfu u/] gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf k| To]s dlxgfdf ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf
lgoGqs sfof{ non] cg'udg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] zf] wegf{ x'g] u/L ePsf] lgsf;f, vr{
;DalGwt sfof{no jf cfof]hgfaf6 zf]wegf{ dfu ePsf], bft[ kIfaf6 zf]wegf{
k|fKt ePsf] / zf]wegf{ k| fKt x'g afsLsf] clen]v /fvL cg'udg u/L rf 8f] zf]wegf{
ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ o; lgod adf]lhd zf] wegf{ dfu ug{ tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Ln] dgfl;j
;doleq zf]wegf{ dfu u/] gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf dGqfnon] cg';"rL* adf]lhdsf]
9frfdf dftxt sfof{ noxaf6 rf}dfl;s ljj/0f lnO{ cg'udg ug'{ kg]{5 . n]vf
pQ/bfoL clws[tn] s]Gb|Lo cfly{s ljj/0f tyf zf]wegf{sf] l:yltsf] jflif{s ljj/0f
dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ nodf k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
#*= vr{ u/]sf] /sd lgoldt x'g ;Sg] M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd vr{ ug]{ jf
u/fpg] clwsf/ gePsf] jf ah] 6df /sd eP klg lgsf;f ePsf] /sd ckof{K t
ePsf] jf lgod #% sf] pklgod -#_ adf]lhd ePsf] vr{ ;DalGwt ;lrjsf]
l;kmfl/;df cy{ dGqfnon] P]gsf] cwLgdf /xL /sdfGt/ jf vr{ ;dy{g u/L jf
yk lgsf;f lbO{ To:tf] vr{ ePsf] s'/f lgoldt u/L lbg ;Sg]5 . o;/L lgoldt
ug'{ kg]{ s'/f To;/L vr{ u/]sf] ;ft lbg leq ;DalGwt dGqfno jf ljefudf k] z
u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .
22
t/ /sdfGt/ x'g ;Sg] /sdsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt clwsf/Ln] lgoldt u/L

lbg ;Sg]5 . lgoldt x'g g;s]df vr{ ug]{ jf u/fpg] clwsf/L g} lhDd]jf/ x'g]5 .
-@_ ah]6sf] zLif{s pkzLif{s cGtu{ tsf] /sd vr{ ubf{ /sdfGt/ ;DaGwL
clgoldttf ePsf]df ;DalGwt dGqfnon] To;/L clgoldt ePsf] sf/0f vf]nL
u/]sf] l;kmfl/; cy{ dGqfnonfO{ dgfl;j nfu]d f lgoldt u/L lbg ;Sg]5 .
lgoldt x'g g;s]df vr{ ug]{ jf u/fpg] clwsf/L g} lhDd]jf/ x'g] 5 .
-#_ :jLs[t ah]6af6 vr{ ug'{ kg]{ sfddf vr{ ubf{ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd
k'ofpg' kg]{ /Lt gk'ofO{ kl/l:yltjz vr{ u/]sf] / ;DalGwt dGqfnon] hfRbf
;/sf/nfO{ xfgL gf]S;fgL ePsf] b]lvg gcfPdf lgoldt u/L lbg ;Sg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0fM o; pklgodsf] k| of] hgsf] nflu kl/l:yltjz eGgfn] tTsfn vr{
gubf{ ;/sf/L xfgL gf] S;fgL x'g], a9L b:t'/ ltg'{ kg{], 7"nf] cfly{s Jooef/ Joxf]g'
kg{] h:tf cj:yf ;Demg' k5{ .
-$_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd vr{ u/]sf] s'/f lgoldt u/L lbg] dGqfnon]
;f] lgoldt u/L lbPsf] s'/fsf] af] wfy{ dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{no / dxfn]vf
lgoGqs sfof{ nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-%_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lagf vr{ u/]sf] /sd lghn]
dgfl;a 7fg]df kl5 ;dy{g ul/lbg ;Sg]5 .
-^_ clwsf/ k|fKt cflwsf/Ln] o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd ;dy{g u/]kl5 To:tf]
vr{ lgoldt ePsf] dflgg]5 .
#(= :jLs[t ah]6 lgoGq0f ug]{ cy{ dGqfnosf] clwsf/ M o; kl/R5]bdf h'g ;'s}
s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;l~rt sf]if dfly Jooef/ x'g] /sd afx]s :jLs[t ah]6df
cy{ dGqfnon] ;l~rt sf]ifsf] cj:yf cg';f/ cfjZos lgoGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
$)= /sdfGt/ tyf vr{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ :jLs[t ah]6sf] /sd Ps ah]6
pkzLif{s, ;|f]t jf vr{ zLif{saf6 csf]{ ah]6 pkzLif{s, ;|f]t jf vr{ zLif{sdf
/sdfGt/ ug]{ clwsf/ cy{ dGqfnosf] x'g]5 . ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 sf/0f ;lxt
/sdfGt/sf] dfu eO{ cfPsf]df cy{ dGqfnon] cfjZostfg';f/ /sdfGt/ u/L ;f]
s'/fsf] clen] v dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf /fVg nufO{ To;sf] hfgsf/L To:tf]
sfof{ no / dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
23
-@_ pklgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]l vPsf] ePtfklg b]xfosf vr{ zLif{sdf
afx]s cGo vr{ zLif{sxdf pklgod -#_ / -$_ sf] cwLgdf /xL ;DalGwt
dGqfnosf ;lrj, ljefuLo k|d'v jf sfof{no k|d'vn] /sdfGt/ ug{ ;Sg] 5M
-s_ b/aGbL :jLs[t gePsf] tna eQf,
-v_ cg'bfg -6fG;km/_,
-u_ k"hLdf cg'bfg -;lA;8L_,
-3_ e}k/L cfpg],
-_ ljljw vr{ ,
-r_ kmlg{r/, ;jf/L ;fwg / d]l zg cf}hf/,
-5_ z]o/ nufgL,
-em_ C0f nufgL .
-#_ jflif{s sfo{qmd g36g] jf jflif{s sfo{qmddf afwf gkg]{ / ;|f]t km/s
gkg]{ u/L s'g} Ps pkzLif{s leqsf] Ps vr{ zLif{saf6 csf]{ vr{ zLif{sdf
dGqfnosf] eP ;DalGwt ;lrjn] / ljefu jf cGtu{t sfof{nosf] eP ;DalGwt
ljefuLo k|d'vn] /sdfGt/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L /sdfGt/ ubf{ h'g vr{ zLif{sdf yk
/sdfGt/ ul/g] xf] ;f] vr{ zLif{sdf ljlgof]lht /sdsf] kRrL; k|ltzt eGbf a9L
x'g] u/L /sdfGt/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-$_ pklgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg dxfn] vf lgoGqs
sfof{ nosf] lgb]{zgdf sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] Ps ah] 6 zLif{sleqsf]
Ps pkzLif{saf6 csf]{ pkzLif{sdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] >f] t -j}b]lzs >f]t ;dfj] z
ePsf] ah]6 pklzif{s afx]s_ tkm{sf] ;fwf/0f ah]6af6 ;fwf/0f ah] 6df / ljsf;
ah]6af6 ljsf; ah] 6df /sdfGt/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ :jLs[t ah] 6sf] ljljw /sdaf6 vr{ ug]{ u/L lgwf{l/t ePsf] sfddf
afx]s ah]6df gk/]sf] /sd;u ;DalGwt c? sfd tyf cltly ;Tsf/df Ps
k6sdf bz xhf/ k} of ;Dd ;DalGwt ;lrj, kf r xhf/ k} of ;Dd ljefuLo
k|d'v / Ps xhf/ k} of ;Dd sfof{no k|d' vsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ vr{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
t/ ah]6df k/]sf] /sddf ljljw /sdaf6 vr{ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
24
-^_ pklgod -@_, -#_ / -$_ adf]lhd /sdfGt/ ul/Psf]df ;f]sf] af]wfy{ cy{
dGqfno, dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no, ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no /
dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ nonfO{ /sdfGt/ u/]sf] ;ft lbg leq lbg' kg]{5 .
-&_ rfn" jif{sf] ah] 6n] gvfDg] u/L a9L vr{ x'g] u/L bfloTj >[hgf ug{
x'b}g . t/ ljz]if sf/0f Pj+ kl/l:yltjz pklgod -*_ df plNnlvt vr{
zLif{sxdf rfn" jif{sf] ah]6n] gvfd]sf] vr{ Joxf]g'{ kg]{ ePdf lan ekf{O{
adf]lhdsf] /sd cfufdL jif{d f e'QmfgL lbg kg]{ sf/0f vf]nL dxfn] vf k/LIfssf]
sfof{ non] tf]s]sf] 9f rfdf e'QmfgL lbg afsLsf] sRrfjf/Ldf r9fO{ >fj0f kGw| ut]
leq sfof{ no k|d' v / sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 k|d fl0ft u/fO{ /fVg'
kg]{5 / To:tf] e'QmfgL lbg afsLsf] sRrfjf/L cfly{s ljj/0fsf ;fy tfn's
sfof{ no, ;DalGwt dGqfno, sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{no tyf dxfn]vf
k/LIfssf] sfof{ nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-*_ pklgod -&_ adf]lhd bfloTj l;h{gf eO{ e'QmfgL lbg afsLsf]
sRrfjf/Ldf /x]sf] vr{ /sddWo] b]xfosf] vr{sf] e'QmfgL lbg afsL /x]df rfn"
cfly{s jif{sf] ;DalGwt ah]6 /sdaf6 e'QmfgL lbg k'Ug] b]lvPdf ;DalGwt
sfof{ non] b] xfosf vr{ e'QmfgL lbg ;Sg] 5 M
-s_ tna -:jLs[t b/aGbLsf]_,
-v_ eQf,
-u_ ;?jf e|d0f vr{ tyf b}lgs eQf,
-3_ ef8f,
-_ n'uf tyf vfB kbfy{, la/fdL / aGbLsf] l;bf,
-r_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tf
adf]lhdsf] /sd,
-5_ bfjL k|fKt eO{ ;s]sf] ;]jf lgj[Q ;'ljwf .
-(_ pklgod -*_ df plNnlvt vr{ afx]ssf cGo vr{ xsf] e'QmfgL
:jLs[t jflif{s sfo{s|ddf ;dfj] z ePsf] cj:yfdf lbg ;lsg]5 .
25
$!= bfg, bftJo / cg'bfg ;xof]u M -!_ ;/sf/L gubL, lhG;L dfn;fdfg jf 3/
hUuf s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f jf bfg bftJo ubf{ jf cfly{s ;xfotf
lb+bf cy{ dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfn ;/sf/n] lbg] jf glbg] lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]5 .
Ps ;/sf/L lgsfosf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] rn crn ;DklQ csf]{ ;/sf/L lgsfonfO{
x:tfGt/0f ubf{ eg] g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;DalGwt dGqfnosf] ;xdlt lnO{ ug]{5 .
t/ jflif{s ah]6df ;dfj] z ePsf] b] xfosf] cfly{s ;xfotf lbgnfO{ o;
lgodn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}gM
-s_ b}jL k|sf] k cflbdf u[ x dGqfno jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
lg0f{oaf6 lbg] cfly{s ;xfotf,
-v_ ljBfno / /fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6 o ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ cfly{s
;xfotf, rGbf z'Ns lbg] egL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{oaf6
tf]lsPsf /sd,
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgod agfO{ jf lg0f{ o u/]/ tf]lslbPsf
cfly{s ;xfotf jf cg'bfg /sd,
-3_ :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd cg';f/ nlIft ;d" xnfO{ ljt/0f
ul/g] dfn;fdfg -h:t} jLp ljhg,af] 6 lj?jf, bf]kfof,
rf}kfof cflb_ .
-@_ pklgod -!_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+ zdf pNn] v ePsf] gub jf
j:t'ut cfly{s ;xfotf lbgnfO{ ah]6 k]z ubf{ oyf;Dej nIo, sfo{qmd / nfut
cg'dfg / s'g lgod jf lg0f{ oaf6 s;nfO{ s;/L lbg] xf] k|i6 vf] nL k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-#_ ;fna;fnL k|s[ltsf afx]s ljz]i f k|sf/sf k6s] sfo{qmd, cfof]hgfsf]
nflu s'g} ;/sf/L jf u}/;/sf/L sfof{ no, ;F ul7t ;+3 , ;+:yf / ;+:yfgnfO{ ah]6df
;dfj] z ePsf] /sd cy{ dGqfnon] lgsf;f lb+bf ;DalGwt dGqfno dfkm{t lbg'
kg]{5 . o;/L lgsf;f e} ;DalGwt ;+3, ;+:yf jf ;+: yfgnfO{ lbPsf] /sdsf] cfo
Joosf] k| ultsf] ljj/0f lnO{ h'g sfdsf] nflu To:tf] /sd lbOPsf] xf] ;f] sfddf
vr{ u/] jf gu/]sf], nIo cg';f/ u/] jf gu/]sf], k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
n]vfk/LIf0f eP jf gePsf] s'/fxsf] cWoog, cg'udg u/L jflif{s ljj/0f tof/
26
u/L ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf / cy{ dGqfnodf k7fpg] st{Jo
;DalGwt dGqfnosf] x'g] 5 .
-$_ ufp ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] g]kfn
;/sf/af6 k| fKt u/]sf] cg'bfg /sdaf6 To:tf lgsfoxn] k| rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
vr{ u/L ;~rfng u/]sf sfo{qmdsf] ef}lts pknlAw tyf ljQLo k|ltj]bg /
n]vfk/LIf0f eP jf gePsf] s'/f ;d]t v'n]sf] ljj/0f lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltaf6
tof/ u/fO{ ;fn tdfd ePsf] tLg dlxgfleq /fli6o of] hgf cfof]u / cy{
dGqfnodf k]z ug]{ bfloTj :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnosf] x'g]5 .
-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd ;/sf/L cg'bfgdf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{
:yfgLo lgsfon] ;~rfng u/]sf] of]hgf, sfo{qmdsf] d"Nofg tyf nIo / k|ultsf]
cg'udg u/L pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug{ u/fpg :yfgLo ljsf;
dGqfnon] k|To]s lhNnfdf cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-^_ cg'bfg lb+bf of] hgf, sfo{qmd / oyf;Dej nfut ;d]t v' nfO{ lbg'
kg]{5 .
$@= vr{ / ldGxf ug{ ;lsg] M ljsf; ;ldlt P]g, @)!# cGtu{t u7g ePsf] s'g}
;ldltaf6 vr{ ug]{ jf u/fpg] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] lbPsf] /sdsf] vr{ / ldGxf ;f]
;ldltnfO{ ePsf] clwsf/ adf]lhd ug{ ;lsg]5 .
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfly{s bfloTj j[l4 x'g] s'/fdf cy{ dGqfnosf] k" j{
;xdlt lng' kg]{5 .
$#= cfk"m jf s'g} vf; JolQm jf ju{nfO{ kmfObf x'g] u/L lgsf;f lbg gx'g] M s'g}
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] cfkm"nfO{ jf s'g} vf; JolQm jf ju{ nfO{ kmfObf x'g] u/L
;/sf/L wg vr{ ug{ jf ;/sf/L dfn;fdfg lbg] u/L lgsf;f lbg' x'b}g .
t/ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd lng vfg kfpg] jf lbg' kg]{ jf cbfntsf]
lg0f{o adf]lhd lbg lng kfpg]df of] lgodn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
$$= cfjlws ;|]:tf tyf ljj/0f k7fpg]M -!_ dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no tyf
dGqfno / ljefusf] dfu adf]lhd cfjlws ;|]: tfsf] ljj/0f k7fpg' ;a} sfof{ no
k|d'vsf] st{ Jo x'g]5 .
27
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd cfjlws ;|]:tfsf] ljj/0f b'O{ k6s;Dd tfs]tf ubf{
klg gk7fPdf To:tf] sfof{ no k|d' vsf] tna /f] Ssf ug'{ kg]{5 . tna /f]Ssf ubf{
klg gk7fPdf k| rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{5 .
$%= 7Ls;u ePsf] 5 eGg] s'/fdf ljZj:t x'g Wofg lbg' kg]{M clwsf/
cfo Joo 7Ls;
k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;/sf/L /sd lgsf;f lbbf jf vr{ ubf{ lgoldttf, ldtJolotf,
sfo{bIftf, k|efjsfl/tf / cf}lrTosf] b[li6sf]0 fn] b] xfosf s'/fxdf Wofg lbO{ b]xfo
adf]lhd ;/sf/L /sd lgsf;f lbg jf vr{ ug'{ kg]{5 . sf/f]jf/ / n]vf+sg eP
kl5 klg eP u/]sf sf/f]jf/df cfGtl/s hfr u/L jf u/fO{ 7Ls 5 eGg] s'/fdf
ljZj:t x'g' kg]{5 M
-s_ ;fna;fnL ljlgof]hg P]g adf]lhd ;]jf tyf sfo{ xdf vr{ ug{ ljleGg
zLif{s tyf pkzLif{sdf :jLs[t ePsf /sd ;f] ;]jf tyf sfo{sf lgldQ
:jLs[t ;Ldfleq /xL ;f]xL k| of] hgsf] nflu vr{ ePsf] 5 .
-v_ cfly{s sf/f]j f/ k| rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd 5 / cfDbfgL vr{sf sndxsf]
k|df0f k'u]sf] 5 .
-u_ dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ noaf6 tf]lsPsf] 9frf cg'k n] vf /flvPsf] 5 .
-3_ cfly{s ljj/0fn] To;df n]lvPsf] cjlwsf] cfly{s sf/f] jf/sf] oyfy{ lrq0f
ub{5 .
-_ ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] nut b'?:t / cBfjlws 5 . ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] ;'k|aGw
/ ;+/If0f ePsf] 5 .
-r_ gubL jf lhG;L tyf cGo ;/sf/L ;DklQ ;d]tsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL /
b'kof]u x'g gkfpg] u/L cfGtl/s lgoGq0f Joj:yf 5 / To;sf] cg'[z/0f
ul/Psf] 5 .
-5_ /fh:j / c? ;d:t cfDbfgL / w/f} 6L ;d]tsf] n] vf 7Ls 5 / c;" n
txl;n ug]{ / n]vf /fVg] tl/sfxsf] kof{Kt kfngf ul/Psf] 5 .
-h_ ;/sf/L C0f, hdfgt, lgIf]k, C0f lgjf/0f sf]if tyf C0f ljdf] rgsf
lgldQ 5'6\ofOPsf / ljdf]rg ul/Psf] /sdxsf] n]vf oyfy{ 5 .
28
-em_ cf}B f]lus tyf Jofj;flos ;]jfx eP To:sf] cfDbfgL vr{, n] vf, To;sf]
lhG;L gubL df}Hbft tyf cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf / lgodx
kof{K t 5g\ / ltgLxsf] kfngf ul/Psf] 5 .
-`_ sfof{ nosf] ;Fu 7g, Joj:yfkg tyf sfo{ ljefhg oy]i 7 / ;d'lrt 5 / ;f]
cg';f/ sfo{ ;~rfng ePsf] 5 .
-6_ s'g} sfd cgfjZos kdf bf]xf]/f] x'g] u/L ljleGg sd{rf/L jf lgsfoaf6
ul/Psf] 5}g / cfjZos sfd ug{ 5' 6fPsf] 5}g .
-7_ pknAw ;| f]t , ;fwg tyf ;DklQsf] ;d'lrt pkof]u ePsf] 5 / xfgL
gf]S;fgL gx'g] u/L ;Def/ tyf ;+/If0fsf] plrt Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
-8_ sfo{qmd cg';f/ lgwf{l/t ;doleq k|ult ePsf] 5 / sfdsf] u'0 f:t/ /
kl/df0f ;d]t ;Gtf]ifhgs 5 .
-9_ sfof{ nosf] p2]Zo / gLlt :ki6 5 / lglb{i6 p2]Zo tyf gLlt cg'k
sfo{qmd tof/ ePsf] 5 .
-0f_ :jLs[t nfut vr{sf] ;Ldfleq /xL sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 /
nfutsf] t' ngfdf k|fKt k|ltkmn dgfl;j 5 .
-t_ nIo k|ult tyf nfut vr{sf] cfs8f /fVg] Joj:yf kof{Kt / e/kbf{] 5 .
-y_ lgsf;f cg';f/ vr{ u/]sf] eP tfklg a]d'gfl;j tl/sfn] jf rn crn
/fli6o wg a/afb x'g] u/L vr{ ePsf] 5}g . vr{ / lgsf;f cf}lrTok"0 f{ 5 .
-b_ rn crn /fli6 o wgsf] cg'bfg jf /fh:jsf] clex:tfg jf vfgL, h+ un,
hnzlQm cflbsf] ;'ljwf k|bfg ;DaGwdf kf, nfO;]G;, clwsf/ / s'g} cGo
k|sf/af6 /fh:j jf rn crn /fli6o wg Tofu ug]{ u/L hf/L ul/Psf ;a}
lgsf;fx cf}lrTok"0f{ 5g\ .
-w_ cfjlws cfly{s ljj/0fx ;dodf tof/ ePsf 5g\ / ;dodf k] z x'g]
u/]sf 5g\ .
kl/R5]b ^
;/sf/L ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut, ;+/If0f / a/a'f/y
$^= ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut / ;+/If0f M -!_ sfof{nodf /x]sf] gub,
a} df}Hbft, r]s / To;sf] ;|] :tf, w/f} 6L / To;sf] ;|] :tf / /fhZjsf] n]vf cfly{s
29
k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vsf] lhDdfdf /xg] 5 . lhG;L dfn;fdfg tyf tT;DaGwL ;|]:tf
pknlAw ;~ro clws[t jf e08f/ clws[t jf e08f/ ;xfossf] lhDdfdf /xg]5 .
/fh:jsf] nut / To; ;DaGwL cGo sfuhftx sfof{no k|d'vn] cfg} /]vb]vdf
s'g} sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf /fVg ;Sg] 5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lhDdfdf /x]sf ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] lxgfldgf gx'g]
u/L nut ;|]: tf ;lxt To;sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ st{Jo To:tf] ;DklQ lhDdf lng]
sd{rf/L / ;DalGwt sfof{ no k|d'vsf] x'g] 5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] sfd ug{ ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vn] cfgf]
hjfkmb]xLdf cfkm"eGbf d'lgsf cGo sd{rf/LnfO{ nufpg ;Sg]5 .
$&= lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] nut tof/ ug]{ M -!_ sfof{ no k|d' vn] cfgf] sfof{nodf
/x]sf] / vl/b u/L jf gu/L jf s'g} k|sf/n] x:tfGt/0f eO{ jf j:t'ut ;xfotf jf
cGo s'g} k|sf/af6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf] lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f / d"N o ;d] t
v'nfO{ lhG;L lstfadf ;ft lbgleq cfDbfgL af wL ;|]: tf v8f u/L cBfjlws u/L
/fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd nut tof/ ug]{ / nut adf]lhdsf] lhG;L
dfn;fdfg lhDdf lng] cleef/f sfof{no k|d'vsf] /]vb]vdf pknlAw ;+ro clws[t ,
e08f/ clws[t jf e08f/ ;xfossf] x'g]5 . pknlAw ;+ ro clws[t, e08f/ clws[t
jf e08f/ ;xfos gePsf] sfof{ nodf o:tf] lhDd]jf/L sfof{ no k|d'vn] tf]s]sf]
sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 .
-#_ k|fljlws sfddf k|of] udf NofOg] lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf pklgod
-!_ adf]lhd nut tof/ ubf{ ;DalGwt sfof{ nosf k|fljlws sd{rf/Laf6 hrfO{ s]
s:tf] cj:yfdf To:tf] dfn;fdfg k|fKt ePsf] xf] k|d fl0ft u/fO{ ;f] s'/f s}lkmot
hgfO{ nut v8f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ sfof{nodf df}Hbft /x]sf dfn;fdfg dWo] k'/ fgf] dfn;fdfgsf] d"No
sf/0fjz v'Ng g;s]sf] cj:yfdf sfof{no k|d' vsf] cWoIftfdf ;DalGwt sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf] k|ltlglw / ;DalGwt k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] tf]s]sf]
k|fljlws sd{rf/L ePsf] ;ldltn] To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] cj:yf / k|rlnt ahf/
d"No ;d]t ljrf/ u/L d"N o sfod u/fO{ /fVg' kg]{5 .
30
$*= j}b]lzs ;xfotfaf6 k|fKt x'g] dfn;fdfgsf] Joj:yf M -!_ j}b]lzs ;xfotf
;DaGwL ;Demf}tfdf j:t' ut ;xfotf klg ;dfj] z ePsf]d f To;sf] k|ltlnlk cy{
dGqfnosf] j}b]lzs ;xfotf ;dGjo dxfzfvfn] ;Demf}t f ePsf] tL; lbgleq
dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 . cy{ dGqfnon] ;d] t j:t'ut ;xfotf
cGtu{t k|bfg ul/Psf] ;xfotfsf] ljj/0f pkzLif{s cg';f/ bft[ kIfaf6 dxfn]vf
lgoGqs sfof{no / ;DalGwt dGqfnonfO{ pknAw u/fO{ lbg] Joj:yf ldnfpg'
kg]{5 . o;/L pknAw u/fOg] ljj/0fdf pkzLif{s ;d]t v' nfpg' kg{]5 .
-@_ sfof{no jf cfof] hgfn] ;xfotfaf6 k|fKt x'g] lhG;L dfn;fdfg jf
cGo s'g} k|sf/sf] j:t'ut ;xfotf k|fKt u/]kl5 ;f]s f] ljj/0f / d"No v'nfO{
cfDbfgL afwL k| fKt ePsf] lhG;L dfn;fdfg jf j:t' ut ;xfotfsf] d"N o ;d] t
v'n]sf] ljj/0f kGw| lbgleq dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k7fO{ To;sf] hfgsf/L
tfn's dGqfno jf ljefunfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . o;/L hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 dGqfno jf
ljefun] ;f]sf] nut /fVg' kg]{ 5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd j:t'u t ;xfotfsf] ljj/0f k| fKt ePkl5
dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] ;DalGwt sfof{ nodf /x]sf] lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf]
lg/LIf0f u/L To:tf] j:t'ut ;xfotfsf] lx;fa jflif{s s]Gb|Lo cfly{s ljj/0fdf
;dfj] z ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-$_ j}b]lzs ;xfotf ;DaGwL ;Demf}t f cGtu{t k|fKt ePsf] j:t'u t
;xfotfdf /fh:j 5'6 lbPsf] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f cy{ dGqfnon] dxfn]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ nodf k7fpg' kg]{ 5 . o;/L j:t'ut ;xfotfdf k|fKt ePsf] /fhZj 5'6sf]
Joxf]/f ;DalGwt sfof{non] bflvnf l/kf]6{ / lhG;L lstfadf klg hgfpg' kg]{ 5 .
-%_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgwf{l/t /fh:jsf] b/df 5'6 lbO{ s'g} cfof]hgf jf
sfof{ nosf] gfddf dfn;fdfg k}7f/L ug{ :jLs[lt lbPsf] eP To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf]
k}7f/L nut ;DalGwt cfof]hgf jf sfof{ non] /fVg' kg]{ 5 . To;/L k}7f/L ePsf]
dfn;fdfg kl5 x:tfGt/0f eO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf cfPdf To:tf]
dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f cfof]hgf jf sfof{nosf] ;xfos vftfdf /fvL k|of]u ug]{sf]
gfd gfd];L v' nfO /fVg' kg]{5 .
31
-^_ j:t'ut ;xfotf cGtu{t s'g} Ps cfof]hgf jf sfof{ non] dfn;fdfg

k|fKt u/L ljleGg cfof]hgf jf sfof{nodf To:tf] dfn;fdfg af8kmf8 jf
x:tfGt/0f ug]{ ePdf x:tfGt/0f ubf{ k|lt O{sfO d"No / k|fKt ldlt, dfn;fdfgsf]
ljj/0f / eG;f/ 5'6 eP jf gePsf] Joxf]/f ;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
$(= nut /fVg] M j}b]lzs ;xfotf ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf cGtu{t j:t'ut ;xfotfdf k|fKt
ePsf] dfn;fdfgsf] d"No, To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f / eG;f/ 5'6 eP jf
gePsf] Joxf]/f ;d] t v' nfO{ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd cfDbfgL af w] kl5 To:tf]
;xfotfnfO{ cfly{s ljj/0fdf ;dfj] z u/L To:tf] ljj/0f tfn's sfof{no, ;DalGwt
sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no / dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
ah]6df ;dfj] z gePsf] t/ ljz]if kl/l:yltdf k|fKt ePsf] j:t' ut ;xfotfsf]
cnu ljj/0f agfO{ Ps k|lt dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ no / Ps k|lt dxfn]vf
kl/Ifssf] sfof{nodf k7fO{ n] vf k/LIf0f u/fpg' kg{]5 .
%)= lg/LIf0f ug]
ug]{ M -!_ lgod $^, $& / $* adf]lhd nut v8f u/L /flvPsf] lhG;L
dfn;fdfg s] s:tf] cj:yfdf 5g\ sfof{ no k|d' vn] Ps jif{d f sDtLdf Ps k6s
cfkm} n] lg/LIf0f u/L jf To:tf] dfn;fdfg lhDdf lng] sd{rf/L afx]s cGo sd{rf/L
jf k|fljlwsf/f lg/LIf0f ug{ nufO{ To;sf] k|ltj]bg lnlvt kdf n]lv jf lnO{
/fVg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 cfDbfgL afWg 5' 6
ePsf] s'g} dfn;fdfg e]l6Pdf d"N o / ljj/0f v' nfO{ cfDbfgL afWg nufO{ To:tf]
dfn;fdfgsf] dd{t ;Def/ / ;+/If0f ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx :ki6 kdf
v'n]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5 M
-s_ lhG;L lstfadf cfDbfgL gaflwPsf lhG;L dfn;fdg eP
s] slt / s:tf] cj:yfdf 5g\,
-v_ dfn;fdfgsf] ;+/If0f / ;Def/ /fd|f];u ePsf] 5 5}g,
-u_ s] slt lhG;L dfn;fdfgx dd{t ;Def/ ug'{ kg]{
cj:yfdf 5g\,
-3_ s] slt lhG;L dfn;fdfgx a]sDdf eO{ lnnfd laqmL jf
ldGxf ug'{ kg]{5g\,
32
-_ lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] k|of]u eP jf gePsf], xfgL gf]S;fgL

eP jf gePsf] / xfgL gf] S;fgL ePsf] eP s:sf]
nfk/jfxLaf6 ePsf] xf],
-r_ Ps} lsl;dsf] dfn;fdfgdWo] ut jif{ pkof] u ePsf]
kl/df0f / rfn" cfly{s jif{df vl/b ul/Psf] kl/df0fsf]
t'ngfTds ljj/0f, /
-5_ dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] tf]lslbPsf cGo s'/fx .
-#_ lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 sfof{no k|d'vn] To:tf] k|ltj]bgsf]
Psk|lt tfn's sfo{nodf k7fpg' kg{]5 . tfn's sfof{non] To:tf] k|ltj]bgsf]
ljifodf Ps dlxgfleq s'g} lgb{]zg k7fPdf sfof{ no k|d'vn] ;f] ;d]t nfO{ ljrf/
u/L ;f] cjlwleq s'g} lgb{]zg k|fKt gePdf lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{ dfn;fdfg 5
dlxgf leq / dd{t ;Def/ ug'{ kg]{ eP tLg dlxgfleq ul/;Sg' kg]{ 5 . sfof{ nosf]
cfjZostf eGbf a9L dfn;fdfg vl/b u/L pkof]u geO{ To;} /x]sf] eP tfn's
sfof{ nodf k|ltj]bg k]z u/L lgb]{zg k| fKt ePcg' ;f/ x:tfGt/0f u/L cfjZostf
eGbf a9L dfn;fdfg vl/b ug]{ cfb] z lbg] pk/ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ljefuLo
sf/afxL ;d]t ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -@_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd dd{t ;Def/ ug'{ kg]{ egL pNn]v
ePsf dfn;fdfgxsf] dd{t ;Def/sf] ah]6sf] Joj:yf ldnfO{ lbg] lhDd]jf/L
tfn's sfof{ nosf] x'g]5 .
-%_ s'g} sfof{nosf] k|of]udf gcfPsf jf gcfpg] t/ csf]{ sfof{nosf] nflu
pkof]uL x'g] dfn;fdfgx x:tfGt/0f ubf{ lbg] / lng] dGqfnosf ;lrj /
dxfn]vf lgoGqs /x]sf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfWff/df x:tfGt/0f ug'{ kg{]5 .
%!= lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] ;+/If0f / ;Def/ ug]{ pQ/bfloTj M lgod $^ / $&
adf]lhd nut v8f u/L /flvPsf] ;/sf/L lhG;L dfn;fdfg xfgL gf] S;fgL gx'g]
u/L ;+/If0f ug]{ / ltgLxsf] /fd|f] ;Def/ u/L jf rfn" cj:yfdf /fVg] pQ/bfloTj
;DalGwt sfof{ no k|d'vsf] x'g] 5 .
33
%@= lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] ;|]:tf M lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] ;|]:tf dxfn]vf k/LIfssf]

sfof{ noaf6 :jLs[t 9f rfdf dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] tof/ u/]sf] lgb]{lzsf
adf]lhd /fVg' kg]{ 5 .
%#= jflif{s k|l tj]bg / /]v b]v M -!_ k|To]s sfof{ non] ut cfly{s jif{sf] df}Hbft, rfn"
cfly{s jif{df vl/b u/]sf] tyf x:tfGt/0f eO{ cfPsf] dfn;fdfg / j:t'u t
;xfotfsf] kdf k|fKt ePsf] dfn;fdfg ;d]t pNn]v u/L s'n lhG;L
dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f / d"No, rfn" cfly{s jif{df lnnfd, ldGxf, x:tfGt/0f eO{
vr{ ePsf] kl/df0f / d"No afsL lhG;L dfn;fdfg dWo] ;fa"t , dd{t ;Def/,
lnnfd, ldGxf ug'{ kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f ;d]t v'nfO{ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf]
tLg dlxgfleq jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;DalGwt dGqfno, ljefu / sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf Ps Ps k|lt k7fpg' kg]{5 . o:tf] k|ltj]bg k|fKt eP kl5
;DalGwt dGqfno / ljefun] cWoog / hfra'em u/L cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ s'g} sfof{no vf/]h jf ufEg] lg0f{o ePdf o;/L lg0f{o ePsf] k}tL;f}+
lbgdf sfof{ no vf/]h ePsf] dflgg] 5 . pQm cjlwleqdf ;f] sfof{ no sfod /x]s f]]
lbg;Ddsf] lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] df}Hbft / dd{t ;Def/, lnnfd, ldGxf ug'{ kg]{
dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f / d"No ;d]t v'nfO{ To:tf] sfof{ no vf/]h ePsf] jf
uflePsf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbg leq k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L jf ug{ nufO{ ;DalGwt
dGqfno jf ljefun] To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] lhDdf lng] lbg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgaf6 jf cGo s'g} ;| f]taf6 lhG;L
dfn;fdfgsf] nut g/fv]sf], dd{t ;Def/, lnnfd, ldGxf, a/a'emf/y gu/]sf]
b]lvPdf ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] To:tf] lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf]
lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg] 5 . To:tf] lg/LIf0fsf] k|ltj]bg ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs
sfof{ non] ;DalGwt dGqfno, ljefu / dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k7fpg'
kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ noaf6 k|fKt x'g
cfPsf] k|ltj]bgaf6 jf cGo s'g} ;|f]taf6 s'g} sfof{ nodf lhG;L dfn;fdfg
;DaGwL clgoldttf b]lvPdf dGqfnosf] eP dGqfno cfkm}+n] / ljefu jf cGtu{ t
sfof{ nosf] eP ;DalGwt ljefuLo k|d'vn] cfjZos sf/afxL u/L lhG;L
34
dfn;fdfgsf] nut /fVg, dd{t, ;Def/ tyf ;+/If0f ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 . ljefuLo
k|d'vn] u/]sf] o:tf] sf/afxLsf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt dGqfnonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
%$= 3/ hUufsf] nut M -!_ k|To]s sfof{ non] sfof{no a;]sf] ;/sf/L 3/ hUuf tyf
sfof{ no cGtu{tsf] ;/sf/L 3/ hUufsf] nut dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{non]
tf]s]sf] 9frfdf /fVg' kg]{5 . To:tf] 3/ hUuf cfgf] gfpdf jf lhNnf k| zf;g
sfof{ no jf cGo s'g} sfof{ nosf] gfpdf dfnkf]t sfof{nodf btf{ eO{ hUufwgL
k|df0f k"hf{ k|fKt ePsf] 5 jf 5}g a'\g' kg]{5 . To;/L a'em\bf btf{ / hUufwgL
k|df0f k"hf{ tof/ geP k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sfof{nosf] gfpdf btf{ u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd /flvPsf] 3/ hUufsf] ljj/0f lhNnf k| zf;g
sfof{ no, tfn's ljefu, dGqfno / ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
%%= a/a'emf/y M -!_ gub, lhG;L dfn;fdfg, ljlgof]lht /sd, /fhZj, w/f}6L, a]?h',
cGo /sdsf] nut ;]|: tf tyf ;/sf/L sfuhft / cfgf] lhDdfdf ePsf] jf /x]sf]
sfd cflbsf] lhDdf lng] sd{rf/L ;fwf/0ftof ;?jf, a9'j f, cjsfz k|fKt u/L jf
cGo s'g} sf/0fn] cfk"m sfo{/t sfof{no 5f]8L hfb f jf ;f] sfdaf6 cnu x'bf
lghsf] a/a'emf/y ug]{ st{Jo x'g] 5 . a'emL lng] sd{rf/Ln] klg t'?Gt a'emL lng'
kg{]5 . cfn6fn u/L a'emL glnPdf To:tf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL x'g] 5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ug]{ st{Jo ePsf sd{rf/Ln] P]gsf]
bkmf @% df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] Dofb leq a/a'emf/y u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 . ;f] Dofb
leq klg a/a'emf/y gu/]df glhs sfof{nosf] k|ltlglwsf] /f] xa/df lghsf]
lhDdfdf /x]sf] gubL lhG;Lsf] nut tof/ u/L sfof{ no k|d'vn] a/a'emf/y u/fpg'
kg]{5 . o;/L a/a'emf/y u/]sf] hgfp tfn's sfof{nodf klg lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd nut tof/ u/L a/a'emf/y u/fPsf]df ;|]:tf
cg';f/ gk'u ePsf] gubL lhG;Lsf] ;DaGwdf a/a'emf/y ug]{ st{Jo ePsf]
sd{rf/Lsf] lhDd]jf/L /xL/xg]5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/y x'bf gub jf lhG;L
dfn;fdfg, /fhZj, w/f} 6L / cGo /sdsf] nut ;|]:tf cflb xfgL gf] S;fgL jf
35
lxgfldgf ePsf] b]lvPdf To:tf] xfgL gf] S;fgL jf lxgfldgf /sd P]g adf]lhd
c;" npk/ ul/g]5 .
-%_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd d"No c;"n pk/ ug'{ kbf{ ;f] dfn;fdfgsf]
cj:yf tyf jt{dfg ahf/ d"NonfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ u/L d"No sfod ul/g]5 . o;/L
d"No sfod ug]{ sfd dGqfno / ljefusf] xsdf ;DalGwt sfof{ nosf] k|d'vn]
tf]s]sf] clws[t / Pshgf k|fljlws clws[t, u[x dGqfno / dxfn]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ nosf] clws[t k|ltlglw /x]sf] ;ldltn] / ;f] afx]s cGo sfof{ nosf] xsdf
;DalGwt sfof{nosf k|d'v, ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{ no / sf]if tyf n]vf
lgoGqs sfof{ nosf k|ltlglw ;d] t /x]sf] ;ldltn] ug]{5 .
-^_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ug]{ st{Jo ePsf sd{rf/L gf]s/Laf6
cjsfz lnO;s]sf] / kQf gnfu]sf] jf d/]sf] jf :jf:Yosf sf/0faf6 xf];\ 7]u fg
gePsf] jf ax'nfPsf] /x] 5 / To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] ug'{ kg]{ a/a'emf/y lghsf] kl/jf/sf
;b:on] ug{ rfx]df lgh jf lghn] dGh'/ u/L k7fPsf] JolQmaf6 jf ;DalGwt k|d' v
lhNnf clwsf/Ln] v6fPsf] JolQmsf] /f]xa/df h;n] a'lem lng' kg]{ xf] ;f] JolQmn]
a'lem lng' kg]{5 .
%^= a/a'emf/ysf] k|df0f kq M -!_ lgod %% adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ug]{ st{Jo ePsf]
sd{rf/LnfO{ ;f] adf]lhd a/a'emf/y u/L ;s]kl5 ;flas sfof{ noaf6 cg' ;"rL(
adf]lhdsf] 9f rfdf a/a'emf/ysf] k|d f0fkq lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ a/a'emf/y ug]{ sd{rf/Ln] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|df0fkq k]z gu/L
lghnfO{ xfnsf] sfof{nodf xflh/ x'g lbOg] 5}g .
-#_ a/a'emf/y ug]{ JolQm cjsfz k|fKt sd{rf/L eP pklgod -!_
adf]lhdsf] k|df0fkq k]z gu/L lghnfO{ lgj[Qe/0f jf pkbfg lbOg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b &
lnnfd laqmL ;DaGwL Joj:yf
%&= lnlvt cfb]z lagf lnnfd laqmL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfof{no k|d' v jf lghn]
tf]s]sf] clwsf/Lsf] lnlvt cfb] z lagf lhG;L dfn;fdfg lnnfd laqmL jf
x:tfGt/0f ug'{ u/fpg' x'b}g .
36
-@_ lgod %# adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt a]sDdf eO{ sfd gnfUg]

b]lvPsf dfn;fdfgx lnnfd laqmL ug]{, dd{t ug'{ kg]{ dfn;fdfgx dd{t ug]{,
cfDbfgL gaflwPsf hlt t'?Gt cfDbfgL afWg] st{Jo sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn]
tf]s]sf] clwsf/Lsf] x'g]5 .
-#_ lgod %# adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg sfof{no k|d' v afx]s c?n] lbPsf] /x] 5
eg] lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{ lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] ;DaGwdf To:tf] lhG;L dfn;fdfg
lnnfd laqmL ug]{ cj:yfdf 5 jf 5}g sfof{ no k|d'vn] hfrL lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{
egL 7x/fPsf]d f dfq lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lhG;L dfn;fdfg x:tfGt/0f ubf{ x:tfGt/0f
kmf/fd e/L x:tfGt/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . dfn;fdfg j'lemlng] sfof{non] x:tfGt/0f e}
cfPsf] dfn;fdfg lhG;L vftfdf cfDbfgL afwL ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;flas sfof{nonfO{
lbg' kg]{5 . a'lemlng] sfof{ noaf6 cfDbfgL afw]s f] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 ;flas
sfof{ non] To:tf dfn;fdfgsf] nut sf ug'{ kg]{5 .
%*= lnnfd ug]{ Joj:yf M -!_ lhG;L lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf k'/fgf] e} sfddf cfpg
g;Sg] 6'6km'6 e} a]sDdf ePsf / k'gM dd{t gx'g] egL ls6fg ePsf dfn;fdfg
dWo] sfof{no k|d' vn] lnnfd ug'{ kg]{ egL 7x/fPsf dfn;fdfgsf] k/n d"N o
v'n]sf]d f tLg nfv k}of;Ddsf] / k/n d"No gv'n]sf] eP xfn d"Nofg ePsf]
d"Nodf Ps nfv k} of ;Dd jf b'a} u/]/ rf/ nfv k}of;Ddsf dfn;fdfg cfly{s
k|zf;g zfvf k|d'v, pknlAw ;+ro clws[t, e08f/ clws[t jf e08f/ ;xfos
;d]tsf] /fo lnO{ sfof{no k|d' vn] Ps jif{leq lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ 3/ hUuf h:tf l:y/ ;DklQ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o a]u/
lnnfd laqmL ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-@_ s'g} d]lzg cf}hf/ tyf ef/L pks/0f / ;jf/L ;fwg -3f] 8f / ;fOsn
afx]s_ rfn" xfntsf] eP klg k'/fgf] df]8n, To;sf] :k] o/ kf6{ k" hf{sf] cefj tyf
dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfngdf a9L vr{ nfUg] tyf jt{dfg cj:yfdf cg'kof]uL egL
d]sflgsn k|fljlwsaf6 k|ltj]bg k] z u/]sf d]l zg cf}hf/ tyf ef/L pks/0f /
pklgod -!_ df plNnlvt d"No eGbf a9L k/n d"No jf d"Nofg ePsf dfn;fdfg
37
sfof{ no k|d' vn] lnnfd ug'{ kg]{ egL 7x/fPdf To:tf dfn;fdfg hfra'em Pj+
;e]{If0f u/L l;kmfl/; ug{ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ df plNnlvt dfn;fdfgsf] d"Nofgsf] nflu
b]xfoadf]lhdsf] ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg{]5M
-s_ ;+j}wflgs c+u tyf lgsfo, dGqfno, ljefu / cGo
s]Gb|Lo:t/sf sfof{nosf] xsdf ;DalGwt lgsfosf k|d'v
jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clwsf/Lsf] cWoIftfdf sfof{ no k|d'vn]
tf]s]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] ljz]if1 / dxfn]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ non] tf]s]sf] clws[t :t/sf] k|ltlglw ePsf] tLg
hgfsf] ;ldlt .
-v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt s]Gb|Lo:t/sf] sfof{no afx]s cGo
sfof{ nosf] xsdf sfof{no k|d' v jf lghn] tf]s]sf]
clws[tsf] cWoIftfdf ;DalGwt k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln]
tf]s]sf] clws[t :t/sf] k|fljlws k|ltlglw / ;DalGwt sf]if
tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] tf]s]sf] clws[t :t/sf]
k|ltlglw ePsf] ;ldlt .
-u_ k|fljlws k|ltlglw tf] Sbf oyf;Dej ;DalGwt lhG;L
dfn;fdfgsf] 1fg ePsf] sd{rf/L v6fpg' kg]{ 5 .
-3_ bz nfv k} of eGbf a9L d"No kg]{ jf ljz]if k|s f/sf]
lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf o; ;ldltn] a9Ldf b'O{
hgf;Dd ;DalGwt ljifosf k|fljlws cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-_ pklgod -^_ adf]lhd cfjZos cWoog ;j]{If0f u/L d"No
gtf]lsPsf]df cg'dflgt d"No ;d]t tf]sL o; ;ldltn]
sfof{ no k|d'v ;dIf l;kmfl/;sf] k|ltj]bg lbg]5 .
-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; ePkl5 k/nd"No v' n]sf]d f
bz nfv k}of;Dd / d"N o gv' nL d"Nofg ePsf]df b'O{ nfv k} of ;Dd / b'a} u/L
afx nfv k}of d"No ;Ddsf] lhG;L dfn;fdfg sfof{ no k|d'vn] lnnfd ug]{ 5 . ;f]
38
eGbf dfly d"No ePsf]df lnnfd ug]{ :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;a} Joxf]/f v' nfO{ ljefu eP
ljefudf / ljefu geP dGqfnodf k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd ;DalGwt ljefu jf dGqfnodf k|ltj]bg k|fKt
ePkl5 To:tf] k|ltj]bgsf] ;DaGwdf ;j]{If0f Pj+ d"Nofg ug{ ljefu jf dGqfnon]
b]xfosf ;b:ox ePsf] ;ldlt u7g u/L ;j]{If0f Pj+ d"Nofg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]s} d"Nofg dgfl;j nfu]d f
;DalGwt ljefu jf dGqfnon] To;} nfO{ ;dy{g u/L] :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5M
-s_ ;DalGwt ;lrj jf ljefuLo
k|d'vn] tf]s]sf]
/fhkqf+lst k| yd >]0 fLsf]
clws[t cWoIf
-v_ ;DalGwt ljifosf] Ol~hlgo/ ;b:o
-u_ k|ltlglw -clws[t:t/_, ;DalGwt
sfof{ no jf dGqfno ;b:o
-3_ cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'v ;b:o
-_ ;DalGwt dGqfno jf ljefun]
tf]s]sf] dGqfno jf ljefusf]
clws[t:t/sf] k|ltlglw ;b:o;lrj
-^_ pklgod -#_ jf -%_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn]] dfn;fdfgsf] d"N o sfod ubf{
dfn;fdfgsf] pkof]lutf, ;]jf cfo', x| f; sL, cjz]if d"No / ahf/ d"No ;d]t
ljrf/ u/L d"No sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . x f; sL ubf{ cfos/ sfg"g adf]lhdsf] b/df
sL ug'{ kg]{5 . eG;f/ glt/]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] d"No sfod ubf{ eG;f/ dx;"n ;d] t
;dfj] z u/L ;f] z'Ns ;d]tdf x| f; sL ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ o;/L plNnlvt cfwf/x s'g} klg jf cf+lzs kdf ls6fg ug{
g;lsg] dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf sfof{no k|d' vn] ljefuLo k|d'v ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{
5 . o;/L hfgsf/L k|fKt eP kl5 ljefuLo k|d' vn] ;DalGwt ljz]if1nfO{
dfn;fdfg k|of]udf cfpg] jf gcfpg] af/] hf ra'em ug{ nufpg' kg]{ 5 . ;DalGwt
ljz]if1n] To:tf dfn;fdfg dd{t u/]/ klg k'gM k|of]u x'g g;Sg] jf dd{t ubf{
39
pklgod -!^_ adf]lhdsf] l:ylt x'g] k|ltj]bg lbPdf ;f]xL k|ltj]bgnfO{ cfwf/ lnO{
d"No sfod ug]{ lgb]{zg ljefuLo k|d'vn] lbg' kg]{5 .
-&_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; k] z ePkl5 ljefu jf
dGqfnon] lnnfd ug]{ cfb] zsf ;fy ;DalGwt sfof{ nodf k7fO{ lbg' kg]{5 . o;/L
cfb]z k| fKt ePkl5 sfof{non] pklgod -*_ adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL ug]{5 .
-*_ pklgod -&_ adf]lhd lnnfd ug]{ cfb]z k| fKt ePkl5 jf pklgod -!_
adf]lhd lnnfd ug]{ lg0f{o ePkl5 Ps nfv k} of ;Ddsf] dfn;fdfg lnnfd laqmL
ug{ kGw| lbgsf] / ;f] eGbf a9L d"Nosf] dfn;fdfg lnnfd laqmL ug{ PSsfO{;
lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ b]xfosf s'/fx ;d]t v' nfO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L lnnfd a9fa9
u/fpg' kg]{5 M
-s_ dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f,
-v_ dfn;fdfgsf] Go"gtd d"No,
-u_ lnnfd a9fa9 x'g] :yfg, ;do -z'? / cGTo x'g] ;do ah]_
/ ldlt,
-3_ Go"gtd d"Noaf6 a9fa9 z'? x'g] s'/f,
-_ lnnfd ;sf/ ug{ 8fs af]Ng' cl3 g} Go"gtd d"Nosf] kfr
k|ltztn] x'g] gub w/f}6L /fVg' kg]{ s'/f / 8fs c+s a9\b}
uPdf ;f] xL cg'kftdf w/f} 6L yk ub}{ hfg' kg]{ s'/f,
-r_ lnnfd ;sf/ u/]sf] dfn;fdfg p7fO{ n}hfg' kg]{ cjlw,
-5_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx .
-(_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg af]nkqaf6 lnnfd
laqmL ug{ dgfl;j b]lvPdf dfn;fdfg x]g{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfO{ pklgod -*_
adf]lhd Dofb lbO{ af]nkq dfu ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L af]nkq cfJxfg ul/Psf]d f
af]nc+ssf] bz k|ltztn] x'g] /sd a/fa/sf] a} hdfgt jf w/f}6L vftfdf hDdf
u/]sf] ef}r/ af]nkq ;fy /fVg' kg]{5 . af] nkq dfu ubf{ af] nkq vl/b / bflvnf
;DaGwL sfo{ ;DalGwt sfof{ no / tfn's sfof{ nodf ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-!)_ pklgod -*_ jf -(_ adf]lhd k|sflzt ;" rgf adf]lhd lnnfd ;sf/
ug{ rfxg] AolQm, kmd{, ;+: yf jf sDkgLn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] /sd lt/L ;DalGwt
40
sfof{ noaf6 ;f] sfof{ nosf] sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt /
sfof{ nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] af]nkq kmf/fd lsGg' kg]{5 M
-s_ Psnfv k}of;Dd Go"gtd d"No
sfod ePsf] af] nkqsf] nflu ?= #)).
-v_ Psnfv eGbf dfly bz nfv
k} of ;Dd Go"gtd d"No sfod
ePsf] af] nkqsf] nflu ?= !,))).
-u_ bznfv eGbf dfly hlt;'s}
/sd Go"gtd d"No sfod ePsf]
af]nkqsf] nflu ?= @,))).
-!!_ pklgod -*_ / -(_ adf]lhdsf] lnnfd a9fa9 ug{ jf af]nkq dfu
u/L lnnfd laqmL ug{] ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ k/n d"No gv'n]sf]d f xfn d"Nofg ubf{
Psnfv k} of;Dd d"No sfod x'g] dfn;fdfg / k/n d"No v' n]sf]df xfn d"Nofg
ubf{ tLgnfv k} of ;Dd d"No sfod x'g] dfn;fdfgsf] lnnfd laqmL ug{ af]nkq
dfu ug]{ sfof{no, ;DalGwt lhNnf k| zf;g sfof{ no, dfnkf]t sfof{no, lhNnf
ljsf; ;ldlt tyf sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf
6f; u/L / ;f] eGbf a9L d"No sfod x'g] dfn;fdfg /fli6o:t/sf] kqklqsfdf
;"rgf k|sfzg u/L lnnfd laqmL ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L lnnfd laqmL ubf{ klxnf]
k6s lnnfd laqmL x'g g;s]df ;ft lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ k'gM lnnfd laqmLsf] sf/afxL
ug'{ kg]{5 . k'gM lnnfd laqmLsf] sf/afxL ubf{ klg lnnfd x'g g;s]df sfod
d"Nodf g36\g] u/L l;w} jftf{a f6 laqmL ug{ ;lsg]5 . jft{ faf6 klg laqmL gePdf
k'g d"Nofg u/L lnnfd ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-!@_ lnnfd ;sf/ u/]sf] lhG;L dfn;fdfg ;DalGwt sfof{ non] tf]s]sf]
cjlw leq saf]n u/]sf] k"/f /sd a'emfO{ gp7fPdf /flvPsf] w/f}6L hkmt u/L
hkmt /sd a/fa/ dfq 3l6 sa'n ePsf qmdzM bf] ;|f], t] ;|f] jf rf}yf} 36Ljfnfsf]
sa'n c+s :jLs[t ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L ubf{ klg lnnfd x'g g;s]df k'gM lnnfd
ug'{ kg]{5 .
41
-!#_ pklgod -!!_ adf]lhdsf] k|lqmofaf6 laqmL x'g g;s]df pklgod -#_
/ -%_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltaf6 k'gM d"Nofg u/fO{ lnnfd a9fa9 u/fpg' kg]{5 .
o;/L k'gM d"Nofg ul/Psf] d"Nodf klg lnnfd a9fa9 x'g g;s]df sfof{ no
k|d'vn] ;DalGwt lhNnf k| zf;g sfof{no / sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf]
k|ltlglwsf] /f]xa/df d"No sfod u/L ljefuLo :jLs[lt lnO{ ;Lw} laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 .
o;/L ;Lw} laqmL x'g g;s]df ljefuLo lg0f{oaf6 nut sf ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-!$_ ;jf/L ;fwg, d] zLg/L, cf}hf/ / k|fljlws dfn;fdfg afx]s kmlg{r/
Hf:tf dfn;fdfgsf] d"Nofg ubf{ ;ldlt g/fvL cfos/ k|of]hgsf] nflu lgwf{l/t
x|f; sL b/sf] cfwf/df d"No sfod ug{ ;lsg]5 . cfo' lglZrt ePsf h'g;'s}
dfn;fdfgsf] cfo' ;dfKt eP kl5 pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltaf6 d"Nofg
u/fO{ lnnfd laqmL ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-!%_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL eP jf gePsf] ;DaGwdf tfn's
sfof{ non] jif{s f] Ps k6s lg/LIf0f u/L ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg Ps tx dflysf] clws[t
;dIf k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!^_ o; lgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg afx| jif{ eGbf
a9L k'/fgf / rfn" xfntdf g/x]sf jf rfn" xfntdf Nofpg ;f] xL dfn;fdfgsf]
ahf/ d"Nosf] kRrL; k|ltzt eGbf a9L dd{t vr{ nfUg] ePdf sfof{no k|d'vn]
pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df lnnfd laqmL ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
-!&_ lgdf{0f ePsf ef}lts ;+/rgf eTsfO{ lnnfd laqmL ubf{ eTsfpg nfUg]
vr{ / dfn;fdfg laqmL ubf{ k|fKt x'g] /sdsf] cfO6d jfOh nfut cg'dfg tof/
ug{' kg]{5 . lnnfdaf6 k| fKt x'g] /sd EfTsfpbf nfUg] vr{ eGbf a9L x'g cfPdf
km/s /sdnfO{ g} Go"gtd d"No dfgL lnnfd 36f36 ;DaGwL sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
%(= hkmt ePsf dfn;fdfgsf] d"Nofg M h'g;'s} sf/0faf6 hkmt ePsf d]lzg,
pks/0f jf dfn;fdfg lnnfd laqmL ubf{ ;DalGwt dGqfnoaf6 d"Nofg ;ldlt
u7g u/L o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL ul/g]5 . o;/L ;ldlt u7g ubf{
sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{nosf] k|ltlglw ;d]t /fVg' kg]{5 .
^)= laqmLsf] Joj:yf M g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfof]hgf jf sfof{non] pTkfbg u/]sf]
dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf ;DalGwt dGqfnon] tf]lslbP adf]lhd laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
42
^!= gi6 ug'{ kg]{ M sfof{ non] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd cfgf] sJhfdf lnPsf] jf cfgf]]
df}Hbftdf /x]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] pkef]u ldlt ;dfKt ePdf jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6
pkef]u ug{ gx'g] k|dfl0ft ePdf To:tf] dfn;fdfg d' r'Nsf u/L ;fj{hlgs kdf
gi6 ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L gi6 u/]kl5 To:tf] ;fdfgnfO{ d'r'Nsfsf] cfWff/df lhG;L
vftfdf ldGxf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b *
w/f}6L ;DaGwL Joj:yf
^@= w/f}6L vftf M -!_ w/f}6L /sd /xg] k|To]s sfof{ non] dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no
jf ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] tf]s]sf] a}df vftf vf]nL w/f} 6L
/fVg' kg]{5 . o;/L k| To]s sfof{ non] vf]Ng] w/f}6L vftf ;fdfGotM Pp6f dfq
x'g]5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] w/f}6L vftfdf /sd hDdf ug'{ kbf{ ;DalGwt
JolQmn] a} n] tf]s] adf]lhd b'O{ k|lt ef} r/x e/L a} bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] b'O{ k|lt ef}r/ dWo] Ps k|lt a}n] ;DalGwt
JolQmnfO{ lbg]5 . ;f] ef} r/ ;DalGwt sfof{ nodf a'fO{ ;f]sf] gubL /l;b lng'
kg]{5 . l;naGbL af]nkq ;fy k]z ug]{ ef} r/sf] ;DaGwdf af] nkq vf] nL ;s]kl5
gubL /l;b lng' lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] w/f}6L vftfsf] ;~rfng sfof{no k|d'v /
cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d' vsf] ;+ o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 . cfjZostfg';f/ cfgf]
pQ/bfloTjdf sfof{no k|d'vn] cfgf] dftxtsf cGo clws[t / cfly{s k| zf;g
zfvfsf k|d' v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvtaf6 ;d] t w/f}6L vftfsf]
;~rfng ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
^#= w/f}6L /fVg] cj:yf M b]xfosf] cj:yfdf w/f}6L /sd hDdf ug{ ;lsg]5 M
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ a' fpg' kg]{ /fh:j clu|d kdf a'fpg,
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ a' fpg' kg]{ /fh:j slt a'fpg' kg]{ eGg] lg0f{o gx'b}
To:tf] /fh:j /sd clu|d kdf a'fpg,
-u_ af]nkq jf lnnfddf efu lngsf] nflu ;DalGwt sfof{ non] tf]lslbPsf]
/sd bflvnf ug{,
43
-3_ s'g} sfd ug'{ cufj} s'g} /sd clu|d w/f}6L /fVg' kg]{ egL zt{ ePdf
To:tf] zt{ k"/ f ug{,
-_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cbfnt jf s'g} sfof{ non] dfu]sf] w/f}6L hdfgt a'fpg,
-r_ cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 w/f} 6L /fVg' kg]{ eP To:tf] /sd a'fpg .
^$= w/f}6L /sd /fh:jdf bflvnf ug]{ M h'g k|of]hgsf] nflu w/f}6L /flvPsf] xf] ;f]
sfd k"/f eO{ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd jf s/f/sf] zt{gfdf adf]lhd w/f} 6L /sd
/fh:j vftfdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ ePdf ;DalGwt clwsf/Ln] k| rlnt sfg"g jf
s/f/sf] zt{gfdfdf Dofb tf]lsPsf] eP ;f] Dofb leq / Dofb gtf]lsPsf] eP kGw|
lbg leq lg0f{o u/L To:tf] w/f}6L /sd /fh:j vftfdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
^%= w/f}6L hkmt ug]{ M -!_ s'g} sfd ug{ w/f}6L jf hdfgt /fVg' kg]{ eO{ /flvPsf]
w/f}6L jf hdfgt To:tf] sfd k"/f gu/]sf] sf/0fn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd jf
s/f/sf] zt{gfdf adf]lhd hkmt ug'{ kg]{ ePdf sfof{no k|d' vn] lg0f{o u/L To:tf]
w/f}6L jf hdfgtsf] /sd hkmt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ lgod ^^ adf]lhd w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ kfpg] JolQmaf6 ;/sf/L afs L
s'g} /sd c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ ePdf To:tf] /sd lghn] lkmtf{ kfpg] w/f}6L
/sdaf6 s6[f u/L c;" n pk/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd hkmt jf s6[f ePsf] /sd /fhZj vftfdf
bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd hkmt jf s6[f ul/Psf] hfgsf/L w/f}6L
/fVg] ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
^^= w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ M -!_ s'g} sfof{ nodf a'fPsf] w/f}6L lgod ^$ adf]lhd
/fh:j bflvnf gx'g] jf lgod ^% adf]lhd hkmt jf sf klg gx'g] ePdf To:tf]
w/f}6L /sd ;DalGwt JolQmn] lkmtf{ kfpg]5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ kfpg] JolQmn] w/f}6L /sd
lkmtf{ lng kfpg] Dofb k|rlnt sfg"gn] tf]s]sf] ePdf ;f]xL cjlwleq, Dofb
gtf]lsPsf]df h'g sfdsf] nflu w/f}6L /flvPsf] xf] ;f] sfd ;DaGwL sf/afxL
clGtd kdf ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ kfpg ;DalGwt
sfof{ nodf gubL /l;b ;fy lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
44
t/ sfof{non] g} sL u/L w/f}6Ldf hDdf u/]sf] /sdsf] xsdf gubL /l;b

k]z ug{' kg]{ 5}g .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq w/f}6L lkmtf{ lng gcfPdf lgod ^&
adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ sfof{no k|d'vn] /fh:jdf cfDbfgL afWg' kg]{ 5 .
^&= Wg] sfo{ljlw M -!_ of] lgodfjnL k| f/De x'g' eGbf cuf8L
/fh:jdf cfDbfgL af
afWg]
/flvPsf w/f}6L dWo] k| of] hg afsL /x]sf afx]s cGo w/f}6L /sd k|df0f ;fy bfjL
ug{ cfPdf lkmtf{ lbg] u/L /fh:jdf cfDbfgL aflwg]5 . k| of] hg afsL /x]sf
w/f}6Lsf] xsdf lgod ^^ adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ a} vftfdf /sd hDdf ePsf] t/ sfof{nosf] w/f}6L vftfdf n] vf+sg
ePsf] gb]lvPsf] jf s:n] s] afkt w/f} 6L /fv]sf] xf] eGg] s'/f klg :ki6 geO{
a}sf] vftfdf To;} /xL /x]sf] jf sfof{nosf] w/f} 6L vftf eGbf a}df hDdfhDdLdf
a9L ePsf] /sd lgod &@ sf] pklgod -@_ df plNnlvt cjlw kl5 /fh:j
vftfdf hDdf ug{' kg]{ 5 .
^*= w/f}6L sf/f]jf/sf] n]vf M -!_ k|To]s sfof{ no k|d'vn] cfgf] sfof{ nosf] w/f} 6L
vftfdf hDdf ePsf] w/f}6L /sdsf] sf/f]jf/sf] n] vf cg';"rL!) adf]lhdsf]
9frfdf uf]Zjf/f w/f}6L vftf / cg';"rL!! adf]lhdsf] 9f rfdf JolQmut w/f} 6L
vftf cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . w/f}6L /sdsf] 5'} a} gubL lstfa ;d]t /fvL
k|To]s jif{ lhDd]jf/L ;fg'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ k|To]s sfof{non] cfgf] sfof{ nosf] w/f}6L vftfdf hDdf ePsf]
w/f}6Lsf] df:s]jf/L dlxgf e'Qmfg ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq / w/f} 6Lsf] cfly{s
ljj/0f cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] k}tL; lbg leq ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs
sfof{ no / ;DalGwt dGqfno jf ljefudf k7fpg' kg]{ 5 . dGqfno jf ljefun]
cGtu{t lgsfoaf6 k|fKt w/f} 6L ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df jflif{s ljj/0f agfO{ dxfn]vf
k/LIfssf] sfof{ no / dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k] z ug{' kg]{ 5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 k| fKt ePsf] w/f}6L
ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] rf}dfl;s tyf
jflif{s kdf lhNnfut w/f} 6L ljj/0f tof/ u/L dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k] z
45
ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] cfwf/df dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] s]Gb|Lo w/f}6L ljj/0f tof/
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ k|To]s sfof{non] w/f} 6Lsf] n]vf cBfjlws /fvL Ps cfly{s jif{d f
afsL /x]sf] w/f} 6L csf]{ cfly{s jif{df lhDd]jf/L ;fg'{ kg]{5 .
^(= w/f}6L sf/f]jf/sf] n]vf k/LIf0f M w/f}6L sf/f]j f/sf] clGtd n] vfk/LIf0f dxfn] vf
k/LIfssf] sfof{noaf6 x'g]5 . cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf
lgoGqs sfof{ noaf6 x'g]5 .
&)= w/f}6L /sd
/sd cGo k|of]hgsf] lgldQ vr{ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ w/f}6L afkt k| fKt ePsf]
/sd o; lgodfjnLdf n]lvP afx]s cGo sfddf vr{ ug{ x'b}g . vr{ ePsf]
b]lvPdf ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] tfn's sfof{ nodf n]vL
k7fpg' kg]{5 . JolQmut k| of] udf vr{ u/]sf] b]lvPdf jf o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd
lgwf{l/t ;dodf bflvnf gu/]df ;f]s f] lauf] / lauf] adf]lhdsf] hl/jfgf ;d] t
sfof{ no k|d' v / cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d' vaf6 bfdf;fxLn] c;" n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
o;/L c;"n x'g cfPsf] hl/jfgf /sd /fh:j vftfdf bflvnf ul/g]5 .
-@_ dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] tf]lslbPsf] ljz]if k|of]hgsf] nflu /flvg]
w/f}6Lsf] nflu ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf] :jLs[lt lnP/ a]U n}
vftf vf] nL ;f] xL sfof{ noaf6 lgwf{l/t sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L vr{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
&!= w/f}6L /sdsf] a} lx;fa ldnfg ug]
ug]{ M -!_ a}af6 w/f}6L vftfsf] a} :6]6d]06
k|fKt u/L ;|]:tf afs L /sd / a}df afsL /sd dfl;s kdf le8fO{ lx;fa ldnfg
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ w/f}6L ;|]:tfdf cfDbfgL hlgPsf] t/ a} df}Hbft sd ePsf] w/f}6L
lx;fa ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt ljefu jf dGqfnon] s;sf] nfk/jfxLaf6 To:tf] x'g
uPsf] xf] 5fglag u/L To:tf] nfk/jfxL ug]{ JolQmnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL u/L c;" n
pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ w/f}6L ;|]: tfdf cfDbfgL ghlgPsf] t/ a} vftfdf hDdf ePsf] /sdsf]
;DaGwdf ;DalGwt JolQmaf6 /sd bflvnf ePsf] gAa] lbg leq bflvnf k|d f0f k] z
x'g gcfPdf To:tf] /sd ;b/ :ofxf u/L /fh:j vftfdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
46
&@= cl:tTjdf g/xg] sfof{nosf] w/f}6L vftf M -!_ s'g} cfof]hgf ;DkGg x'bf jf s'g}
sfof{ no vf/]h x'b f klg w/f}6L /sd afsL /xg uPdf To:tf cfof]hgf jf
sfof{ nosf] gfddf /x]sf] w/f}6L vftf aGb u/L ljj/0f ;lxtsf] w/f}6L /sd tfn's
sfof{ no jf tfn's sfof{ non] tf]lslbP adf]lhd ;f] cfof]hgf jf sfof{ nosf]
bfloTj / lhDd]jf/L lng] sfof{nodf a'fpg' kg]{5 / ;f] a'llng] sfof{non] klg
;f]sf] clen] v /fvL w/f}6L km5\ of}{ 6 ;DaGwL sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ of] lgodfjnL k|f/De x'g' eGbf klxn] cl:tTjdf g/x]sf jf cGo s'g}
sfof{ nodf bfloTj x:tfGt/0f gePsf sfof{ nosf] gfddf ljleGg a}df w/f}6L
vftfdf /x]sf] w/f}6L /sd sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] k| fKt eP;Ddsf
ljj/0f v'nfO{ w/f} 6L lkmtf{ bfaL ug{] ;"rgf k|To]s cfly{s jif{df Ps k6s k|sfzg
ug{]5 . Dofbleq lkmtf{ bfaL lng gcfPdf /fhZj vftfdf bflvnf ug{ ;DalGwt
a}nfO{ cfb] z lbg ;Sg]5 .
&#= j}slNks Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] M o; lgodfjnLdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]l vPsf]
ePtfklg lhNnfl:yt ;Dk"0f{ sfof{ nosf] w/f} 6L /sdsf] ;~rfng Plss[t kdf
;DalGwt lhNnfsf] sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no dfkm{t ;~rfng x'g] u/L jf
cGo j}slNks Joj:yf ug{ dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg
;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b (
k]ZsL lbg] / k]ZsL km5\
km5f}
\f}{6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf
&$ = k]ZsL lbg] / km5\
km5f}
\f}{6 ug]{ M -!_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd ;/sf/L jf cGo s'g}
JolQmn] ;/sf/L sfd sfhsf] lgldQ k]ZsL lng' kbf{ s'g sfdsf] lgldQ s] slt
/sd rflxg] xf] To;sf] ljj/0f k] z ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adff]lhd k|fKt ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df sfof{no k|d'vn]
;DalGwt sfdsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ /sdeGbf a9L gx'g] u/L k]ZsL lng]
sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf kb / k|of]hg tyf cGo JolQmsf] xsdf ;f] JolQmsf] tLg k':t] ,
:yfoL / c:yfoL 7]ufgf k|i6 n] vL k]ZsL lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] k]ZsL] o; lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPsf] Dofb
leq o;} lgodfjnLsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ km5\ of}{ 6 ug'{ u/fpg' k]ZsL lng] lbg] b'a}
47
y/Lsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . sfof{ nodf k]ZsL /sdsf] lan e/kfO{ ;lxtsf] ljj/0f k|fKt
ePkl5 PSsfO{; lbgleq sfof{non] km5\of}{6 ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . km5\ of}{ 6 ubf{ ah]6n]
gk'u]df k| fKt lan ekf{O{ hfrL e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ c 7xofO{ k]ZsL km5\ of} 6 u/L
e'QmfgL lbg afsL /sd e'QmfgL lbg afsL sRrfjf/Ldf r9fpg' kg]{5 .
&%= b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQf k]ZsL M ;/sf/L sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf g]kfnleq jf ljb]z
e|d0f sfhdf vl6g] ;/sf/L sd{rf/L / cGo JolQmnfO{ e|d0f vr{ lgodfjnL
adf]lhd kfpg] b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQf / cGo /sd eP ;f] ;d]t lx;fa u/L a9L
gx'g] u/L k]ZsL lbg' kg]{5 / ;DalGwt sd{rf/L tyf JolQmn] klg e|d0faf6 cfgf]
sfof{ no jf :yfgdf kms]{sf] jf e|d0f sfo{ k"/ f u/]sf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq
kmf6af/L k]z u/L lnPsf] k]ZsL /sd km5\ of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 . Dofb leq kmf6af/L k]z
gu/L Dofb gf3] kl5 k]ZsL km5\ of}{6sf] lgldQ kmf6af/L k] z x'g cfPdf Dofb
gf3]sf] cjlwsf] lgldQ afsL k]ZsL /sddf bz k|ltzt Aofh ;d]t nufO{ c;"n
ul/g]5 .
&^= dfn;fdfg vl/b ;DaGwL k]ZsL M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sfof{non]
g]kfnleq jf ljb]zaf6 dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ ;f]} ;DalGwt laqm]tfnfO{ e'QmfgL
lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ g;lsg] eO{ To:tf]
dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ cfgf] sfof{ nosf sd{rf/LnfO{ k]ZsL lbO{ k7fpg' kg]{ x'g
cfPdf k]ZsL lbg' k/]sf] sf/0f vf]nL sfof{no k|d' vsf] :jLs[ltdf k]ZsL lbg
;lsg]5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ k] ZsL /sd a'L lng]
sd{rf/Ln] dfn;fdfg vl/b u/L sfof{ nodf kms]{sf] al9df ;ft lbgleq ;f] k]ZsL
/sd km5\of}{ 6 ug{ dfn;fdfg ;lxt lan e/kfO{ k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ o; lgod adf]lhd sd{rf/LnfO{ k]ZsL lbO{ k7fpg' kg]{ x'g cfPdf
;fwf/0ftof sfof{ no k|d'v / cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d' vnfO{ k]ZsL lbO{ k7fpg'
x'b}g .
&&= JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ lbOg] k]ZsL M -!_ s'g} ;/sf/L sfof{non]
dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{, ;]jf pknAw ug{ jf lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfdsf] nflu s'g} JolQm,
48
kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ k]ZsL lb+bf o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd a} Uof/]06L lng'

kg]{5 .
-@_ k]ZsL lbg' kg]{ 7] Ssfsf sa'lnotgfdf ubf{ sfd k"/f x'g' kg]{ egL
tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq sfd k"/f geO{ k]ZsL afsL /xg uPdf To:tf] k] ZsL /sdsf]
Dofb gf3]sf] ldltb]lv jflif{s bz k|ltztsf b/n] ;fj f / Aofh ;d]t a'fpg' kg]{
s'/f sa'lnotgfdfsf] zt{df pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ sa'lnotgfdfsf] zt{ cg';f/ lbOg] k]ZsL / e|d0fsf] lgldQ lbOg]
k]ZsL afx]s rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] cGTo;Dddf gkml5{g] u/L s'g} k]ZsL lbg' x'b}g .
ljz]if kl/l:ylt kl/ glbO{ gx'g] ePdf Ps tx dflysf] kbflWfsf/Laf6 lg0f{o u/fO{
lbg ;lsg]5 .
&*= k]ZsL lbg jf w/f}6L vftfdf hDdf ug{ gx'g] M cfly{s jif{sf] cGTo;Dddf sfd
x'g gkfO{ s]jn ah]6 k|mLh x'g glbg] p2]Zon] dfq s;}nfO{ k]ZsL lbg jf w/f} 6L
vftfdf /sd hDdf ug{ x'b}g .
&(= ljefuLo sf/afxL ul/g] M -!_ ;/sf/L /sd k]ZsL lng] ;/sf/L sd{rf/L jf cGo
h'g;'s} JolQmn] o; lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq k]ZsL km5\of}{6 gu/]df afsL
k]ZsL /sddf Dofb gf3]sf ldltn] jflif{s bz k|ltztsf b/n] Aofh ;d]t nufO{
lnOg]5 / cgfjZos k] ZsL lnPsf] jf km5\of}{6 ug{ c6]/ u/]df jf Dofb leq
kmf6af/L ga'fPdf tna /f]Ssf ug]{ / tna /f]Ssf ubf{ klg c6]/ u/]df k|rlnt
sfg"g adf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ ;lsg]5 . ;/sf/L sd{rf/L afx]ssf cGo
JolQmsf] xsdf ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;d] t hf/L u/L ;/sf/L afsL ;/x Aofh ;lxt
c;" n pk/ ul/g]5 .
-@_ k]ZsL lng] JolQmaf6 k]ZsL ;DaGwL cfjZos ljj/0f k| fKt ePkl5 jf
dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf k| fKt u/fpg] jf cGo ;/sf/L sfd k"/f ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL
jf ;+:yfaf6 dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf k| fKt ePkl5 jf k"/f ug'{ kg]{ sfd k"/f ePkl5 o;
lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq k]ZsL a/fa/sf] /sd vr{ n] vL km5\ of}{6 ul/lbg'
kg]{5 . yk e'QmfgL lbgsf] nflu ah]6 cefj ePsf] cj:yfdf ah]6n] vfd] hlt
/sd e'QmfgL lbg] / afsL /xg cfpg] /sdsf] clen] v /fVg' kg]{5 .
49
*) = km5\
km5of}
\of}{6 x'g afF
afsL
FsL /sdsf] lhDd]jf/L ;fg]{ / a/a'emf/y ug]{ M -!_ ;/sf/L
sfdsfhsf] lgldQ Ps cfly{s jif{df uPsf] k]ZsLsf] /sd ;f]xL cfly{s jif{df
km5\of}{6 x'g g;s]df sfof{ no k|d'vn] To;/L km5\ of}{ 6 x'g afsL /x]sf] k]ZsL
/sdsf] gfdgfd]l; ;lxtsf] s] s] afkt k] ZsL uPsf] xf] ;f] ;d]t v'nfO{ lhDd]af/L
csf]{ cfly{s jif{df ;f/L k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L ;fl/Psf] k] ZsL o; lgodfjnL
adf]lhd km5\ of}{6 ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-@_ sfof{ no k|d' vn] ;?jf, a9'j f x'bf jf cjsfz k| fKt ubf{ jf cGo s'g}
sf/0fn] cf 5f] 8L hfbf jf ;]j faf6 cnu x'bf km5\ of}{6 x'g afs L /x]sf] k]ZsL
/sdsf] ljj/0f a/a'f/y ug'{ kg]{5 .
*!= k]ZsLsf] kmfF
kmf6af/L
F6af/L k]z ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] ;DalGwt ljefu jf
dGqfnodf k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] cfiff9 dlxgfsf] ;|]:tf bflvn ubf{ ;f] cfly{s jif{
el/df uPsf] / ljutsf] lhDd]af/L ;/]sf] k]ZsL dWo] km5\ of}{ 6 x'g afsL /x]sf] k]ZsL
/ afsL dWo] km5\ of}{6 ug'{ kg]{ Dofb gf3]sf] / ggf3]sf] ljj/0f, gfd gfd];L / ;f]sf]
sf/0f ;d]t v' nfO{ kmf6af/L k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]ZsLsf] kmf6af/L k|fKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt ljefu
jf dGqfnon] k] ZsLsf] nut /fvL Dofbleq k]ZsL km5\ of}{ 6 gug]{ gu/fpg]nfO{ lgod
&( / *$ adf]lhd sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{5 .
*@= Dofb yk ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ s;}n] o; lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq k]ZsL
km5\of}{6 ug{ g;Sg] dgfl;a sf/0f v' nfO{ lgj]bg lbPdf sfof{no k|d' vn] a9Ldf
PSsfO{; lbg;Ddsf] Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;f] eGbf a9L yk Dofb lbg' kg]{ ePdf
ljefu jf dGqfnon] dfq Dofb yKg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ s'g} sfdsf] 7]Ssf :jLs[lt eO{;s]kl5 lgwf{l/t zt{ adf]lhd lnPsf]
k]ZsL km5\of}{6 ug]{ Dofb a9fpg' kg]{ ljz]if kl/l:ylt kg{ cfPdf sfof{non] cfgf]
tfn's sfof{noaf6 lgsf;f lng' kg]{5 / o;/L Dofb ylk+bf hdfgtsf] Dofb gfg]
ePdf To;sf] Dofb ;d] t a9fpg nufpg' kg]{ 5 .
*#= w/f}6L afktsf] k]ZsL M -!_ ;/sf/L sfof{ non] 6]lnkmf]g , wf/f, aQL / o:t} cGo
;'ljwf afkt w/f}6L /fv]sf] /sdxsf] ljj/0f cg';"rL!@ adf]lhdsf] 9frfdf
50
;DalGwt sfof{ non]] nut /fvL ;f]sf] hfgsf/L tfn's sfof{no / sf]if tyf n] vf
lgoGqs sfof{ nodf lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs
sfof{ non] cg';"rL!# adf]lhdsf] 9f rfdf To;sf] nut /fVg' kg]{5 / ;f] s'/fsf]
;"rgf ;DalGwt sfof{ nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;"rgf k| fKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt sfof{non] cfgf]
vftfdf clen] v ug{' kg]{5 .
*$= k]ZsL af/] cg'udg ug]{ M -!_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd k]ZsL km5\ of}{ 6 eof] jf
ePg eGg] s'/f hfgsf/L lbg / k]ZsL km5\ of}{ 6 ;dodf u/fpg k]ZsLsf] ;"lr tof/
u/L cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vn] sfof{ no k|d'v ;dIf dlxgf e'Qmfg ePsf] ;ft
lbg leq k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . sfof{ no k|d'v, cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vn] ;f]sf]
;dLIff u/L km5\ of}{6sf] sfo{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f
ubf{ k]ZsL lhDd]jf/L ;f/] jf g;f/]sf], Dofb leq k]ZsL km5\of}{6 u/] jf gu/]sf]
;d]t x]/L n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd k| fKt k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df tfn's sfof{non]
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b !)
s]Gb|L o n]vf, cfly{s ljj/0f / sfo{ ;Dkfbg k|l tj]bg
*%= dfl;s tyf jflif{s ljj/0f tof/ u/L k]z ug]{ M -!_ k|To]s sfof{non] dlxgf
e'Qmfg ePsf] ;ft lbg leq vr{sf] kmf6jf/L, km5\ of}{ 6 x'g afsL k]ZsLsf] df:s]jf/L
/ a} lx;fjsf] ljj/0f, /fh:jsf] df:s]jf/L, /fh:jsf] a} lx;fasf] ljj/0f,
w/f}6Lsf] df:s]jf/L, w/f} 6Lsf] a} lx;fasf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L ;DalGwt sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf / lgod *& adf]lhd s]Gb|Lo n] vf /fVg] tfn's
sfof{ nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ j}b]lzs ;xfotf ;dfj] z ePsf cfof]hgf jf sfof{noxn] pklgod
-!_ adf]lhd ljj/0f k7fpbf j:t'u t ;xfotf, ;Lw} e'QmfgL, 6g{sL a]l;;sf]
51
;xfotf, k|fljlws / cGo ;xfotf / zf]wegf{ x'g] /sd, bft[ ;+:yf, ;| f]tsf] k|sf/ /
/sd g+= ;d]tsf] ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{ 5 .
-#_ k|To]s sfof{ non] cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] k}tL; lbgleq pklgod -@_
df plNnlvt ljj/0f ;d]t ;dfj] z u/L jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ u/L ;f] cfly{s
ljj/0f;fy cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf afs L /x]sf] k]ZsLsf] ljj/0f, e'QmfgL x'g afsLsf]
sRrfjf/L ;+nUg u/L ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{no / tfn's
*^= cfly{s ljj/0f
ljj /0f hfF
hfrL
FrL k7fpg] M ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non]
lgod *% sf] pklgod -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd k]z x'g cfPsf] ljj/0fdf jflif{s ah]6,
/sdfGt/, lgsf;f, vr{ , afsL /sd / a} lx;fa / lk|mh ljj/0f ;d]t le8fO{
dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] tf]lslbPsf] ;do leq dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{nodf
b'O{ k|lt / s]Gb|Lo lx;fa /fVg] ;DalGwt ljefu jf dGqfno jf tfn's sfof{nodf
Ps k|lt k7fpg' kg]{5 .
*&= s]Gb|L o n]vf /fVg] bfloTj M o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd ;DalGwt sfof{ no tyf sf]if
tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ noaf6 k|fKt ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df b] xfo adf]lhd s]Gb|Lo
n]vf /fVg' kg]{5 M
-s_ ljefu ePsf]d f ljefun] / ljefu gePsf]df ;DalGwt dGqfno jf
;+j}wflgs c tyf lgsfon] s]Gb|Lo n] vf /fVg' kg]{ 5 .
-v_ ljefu ePsf] dGqfnon] k| To]s rf/ dlxgfdf ljefuaf6 s]Gb|Lo cfly{s
ljj/0f lnO{ tyf ljefu gePsf] dGqfno / ;+j} wflgs c tyf lgsfox
cfkm} n] cGtu{ t sfof{nosf] s]Gb|Lo ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . ljefun] ;d] t
cfkm" cGtu{tsf sfof{ nosf] s]Gb|Lo cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ u/L dGqfnodf
k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] ah] 6 sfof{Gjogsf] l:ylt d"Nofgsf] nflu k|To]s
dGqfnon] / ;+j} wflgs c tyf lgsfoxn] j} zfv dlxgfdf ;+ zf]lwt
cg'dfg tof/ u/L dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{ 5 .
52
-3_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] s]Gb|Lo n]vf /fVbf jflif{s ah]6, ;|f]t fGt/, /sdfGt/,
lgsf;f, vr{ , j:t' ut ;xfotf, ;Lw} e'QmfgL, 6g{sL a]l;;sf] ;xfotf,
k|fljlws / cGo ;xfotf / zf]wegf{ x'g] /sdsf] bft[ ;+:yf, ;| f]tsf] k|sf/
;d]t v'Ng] u/L n] vf /fVg' kg]{5 / o:tf ljj/0fx ;d]t ;dfj] z ePsf]
cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ u/L rf}dfl;s e'Qmfg ePsf] csf]{ dlxgf leq dxfn]vf
lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-_ dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ noxaf6 k|fKt
ljj/0fxsf] cfwf/df /fhZj, w/f}6L / gub tkm{sf] lgsf;f / vr{s f]
jflif{s s]Gb|Lo ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-r_ dGqfnon] jflif{s s]Gb|Lo ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ gub tkm{sf] lgsf;f / vr{
dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no;u le8]sf] k|df0f ;lxt lgod *% sf] pklgod
-@_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f ;d]t Plss[t u/L dGqfno cGtu{tsf] s]Gb|Lo
jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ u/L sflt{s d;fGt leq dxfn] vf k/LIfssf]
ljefu / dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-5_ v08 -r_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f dGqfnoaf6 k|fKt eP kl5 dxfn] vf lgoGqs
sfof{ non] gub, ;f]em} e'QmfgL tyf j:t'u t ;xfotf jf C0f ;d]tsf]
s]Gb|Lo n]vf /fvL PsLs[t jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ u/L k'; d;fGtleq
dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ nodf k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
**= lhNnfut ljj/0f tof/ ug]
ug]{ M -!_ sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] lhNnfl:yt
sfof{ noxnfO{ lbPsf] lgsf;fsf] cfwf/df pkzLif{sut jf sfof{ nout 5'lg] u/L
k|To]s dGqfno jf ;+j} wflgs c tyf lgsfosf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;| f]t tkm{, cg'bfg
;xfotf tkm{ / C0f ;xfotf tkm{sf] lgsf;fsf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L dlxgf e'Qmfg
ePsf] ;ft lbgleq dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lgsf;f ljj/0f k] z ubf{ ah]6df ;dfj] z ePsf]
t/ lgsf;f lbg gkg]{ lgod *% sf] pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] j:t' ut ;xfotf, l;w}
e'QmfgL, 6g{sL a]l;;sf] ;xfotf, k| fljlws / cGo ;xfotfsf] bft[ ;+:yf / ;|f]tsf]
k|sf/ ;d]t v'Ng] lgsf;f ljj/0f ;d]t ;+sng u/L k] z ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
53
-#_ lgod *% sf] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt x'g cfPsf] dfl;s vr{sf]
ljj/0f sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] cfgf]] clen]v;Fu le8fO{ pkzLif{sut
jf sfof{ nout 5'lg] u/L k|To]s dGqfno jf ;+ j}wflgs c tyf lgsfosf] gub
lgsf;f vr{sf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ lgod *% sf] pklgod -#_ df plNnlvt cfly{s ljj/0f k|fKt ePkl5
sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] cfgf] clen] v;Fu le8fO / hfRg' kg]{ cGo s'/f
eP hfrL ;f] cfly{s ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df lhNnf :t/Lo jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tof/
u/L dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{ 5 .
-%_ sfof{noxaf6 k| fKt x'g] /fh:j tyf w/f}6Lsf] cfly{s ljj/0fsf]
cfwf/df sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] lhNnfut jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f agfO{
dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
*(= n]vf tyf cfly{s ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{ M o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd ;DalGwt lgsfo
jf sfof{ nodf n] vf tyf cfly{s ljj/0f k] z ug'{ / dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ no tyf
;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] dfu u/] adf]lhd cfjlws n]vf tyf
cfly{s ljj/0f / j}b]lzs ;xfotfsf ljj/0f, j:t' ut ;xfotf, ;Lw} e'QmfgL, 6g{sL
a]l;;sf] ;xfotf, k|fljlws / cGo ;xfotfsf] bft[ ;+:yf / ;|f]tsf] k|sf/ ;d]t
v'Ng] lgsf;f / vr{sf] ljj/0f ;d]t k]z ug'{ ;Dk"0f{ sfof{no k|d'vsf] st{Jo x'g] 5
. o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd n]vf tyf cfly{s ljj/0f dgfl;j dflkmssf] sf/0f a]u/
k]z ug'{ kg]{ ;dodf k]z gug]{ sfof{no k|d'v pk/ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
ljefuLo sf/afxL ;d]t rnfpg ;lsg]5 .
()= jflif{s cfly{s sf/f]jf/, k|ltj]bg M -!_ k|To]s sfof{non] Ps cfly{s jif{sf]
cjlwleq ePsf] cfgf] cfly{s sf/f]j f/ -gubL, lhG;L, cfoJoo_ sf] cg' ;"rL!$
adf]lhdsf] 9frfdf jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] PSsfO{;
lbgleq b'O{ k|lt ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no / Ps k|lt tfn's
-@_ s'g} dGqfnodf / cGtu{ t ljlgof]lht /sd /fhZj / w/f}6L afx]ssf
5'} ;/sf/L sf]ifsf] ;~rfng ePsf] eP ;f]sf]ifsf] jflif{s cfoJoosf] cfly{s
54
ljj/0fx cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] kGw| lbg leq dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf /
dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd k|fKt ljj/0f pk/ hf ra'em ug'{ kg]{ eP dxfn]vf
lgoGqs sfof{ non] cfjZos hfra'em u/L u/fO{ Plss[t ljj/0f dxfn]vf
k/LIfssf] sfof{ nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z x'g cfPsf] k|ltj]bg dWo] Ps k|lt ;DalGwt
sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{ 5 .
-%_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ df pNn]v ePsf] Dofbn] gk' u x'g] ePdf ljefuLo
k|d'v jf dGqfnosf] ;lrj jf ;+j}wflgs c tyf lgsfosf] k|zf;sLo k|d'vsf]
:jLs[ltdf a9Ldf k}+tL; lbg;Dd yk x'g ;Sg] 5 .
(!= jflif{s sfo{ ;Dkfbg k|l tj]bg k]z ug]
ug]{ M -!_ k|To]s sfof{non] cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt
ePsf] tLg dlxgf leq b]xfosf ljifox /fvL jflif{s sfo{ ;Dkfbg k|ltj]bg tof/
u/L ;DalGwt ljefu dfkm{t ;DalGwt dGqfnodf / Ps k|lt ;DalGwt sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k] z ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L k|ltj]bg k]z ubf{ lgod ()
adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgsf] k|ltlnlk ;d]t ;+ nUg ug'{ kg]{ 5 M
-s_ ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd agfO{ k]z u/]sf] ldlt,
-v_ cfly{s ljj/0fx ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k] z ePsf] ldlt,
-u_ n]vfk/LIf0fsf] lgldQ cfly{s ljj/0f k]z ePsf] ldlt /
sfof{ no,
-3_ /fh:j, w/f} 6L ljlgof]hgsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg /sd,
-_ hDdf a]?h' lg:s]sf] /sd,
-r_ a]?h'sf] kq k|fKt ePsf] ldlt,
-5_ a]?h'sf] hjfkm k] z ePsf] ldlt,
-h_ rfn" jif{sf] a]? h' km5\of}{6 u/L ;+k/LIf0f ePsf] /sd,
-_ ;flas a]?h' c+s / kl5 lg:s]sf] a]?h' c+s ;d]t hDdf
slt a]?h' sfod eof] , To; dWo] slt ;Dk/LIf0f u/fO{
km5\of}{6 u/fOof] , ;f] /sd,
55
-`_ a]?h' nut cBfjlws 5 jf 5}g , cBfjlws eP s'g s'g

cfly{s jif{ ah]6 pkzLif{ssf] 5, ;f] s'/f,
-6_ lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] lg/LIf0f s] slt k6s ul/of] ;f]sf]
ldlt,
-7_ lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] dd{t ;Def/ jf lnnfd laqmL ul/of]
jf ul/Pg, ul/Psf] eP To;sf] ldlt, gul/Psf] eP ;f]sf]
sf/0f,
-8_ sfof{ nosf] vf; sfd jf sfo{qmdsf] nIo / k| ult ljj/0f,
-9_ tfn's dGqfno, ljefuaf6 cfly{s sf/f]jf/sf] ljifodf
;dodf lgsf;f kfP jf gkfPsf],
-0f_ sfof{ no lg/LIf0f ePsf] ldlt,
-t_ sfd gug]{nfO{ b08 ;hfo / ljz]if sfd ug]{nfO{ k'/:sf/
lbPsf] ljj/0f,
-y_ bft[ kIf; u zf] wegf{ x'g] u/L ePsf] s"n vr{ zf] wegf{ dfu
u/]sf] /sd / ldlt, zf]wegf{ k|fKt /sd / ldlt, zf]wegf{
dfu ug{ afs L /sd / ;f]sf] sf/0f .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg k| fKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt
sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] cfgf] ljifo;u ;DalGwt s'/fdf cWoog
hfra' u/L To;sf] k|ltlqmof jf /fo ;lxt ;DalGwt sfof{ nosf] tfn's
sfof{ nodf Ps dlxgfleq k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt dGqfnon]
sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nofg u/L k|f]T;fxg lbg' kg]{df k| f]T;fxg k'/:sf/ / sfo{
;Gtf]ifhgs gePdf :ki6Ls/0f dfu u/L oyf]lrt lgb]{zg lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbdf sfd ;DkGg x'g g;s]df a9Ldf
tL; lbg;Dd lgod () sf] pklgod -%_ df plNnlvt kbflwsf/Laf6 Dofb yksf]
:jLs[lt lng ;lsg]5 .
56
kl/R5]b !!
n]vf, n]vfk/LIf0f / a]?h' km5\
km5f}
\f}{6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf
(@= sf/f]jf/sf] n]vf /fVg] M -!_ k|To]s sfof{ non] ljlgof]hg, /fh:j, w/f}6L, lhG;L /
cGo cfDbfgL vr{sf] n]vf dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{noaf6 :jLs[t 9f rfdf /fVg'
kg]{5 . n]vf le8\g] k|dfl0ft sfuhftx klg l;nl;nfa4 tl/sfn] /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ j}b]lzs ;xfotfdf ;~rflnt cfof]hgfsf] xsdf pklgod -!_ adf]lhd
:jLs[t n]vfsf] cltl/Qm dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] ;xfos n]vf
;d]t /fVg' kg]{5 . To;/L /flvPsf] ;xfos n] vfsf] cfwf/df bft[ kIfnfO{ rflxg]
ljj/0f ;dod} k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ j:t'ut ;xfotf, ;Lw} e'QmfgL, 6g{sL, k| fljlws ;xfotfsf] lx;fa /fVg]
/ ljj/0f k] z ug]{ s'/f dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ noaf6 tf]sL lbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-$_ dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] n]vf k|0 ffnL ljifodf ;do ;dodf
:jLs[t u/L k7fPsf] lgb]{lzsf sfof{ noxn] kfng ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ sfof{ no k|d' vn] sf/]fjf/sf] n] vf cBfjlws eP jf gePsf] ljifodf
a/fa/ hfr ug'{ kg]{5 . cfgf] sfof{ no cGtu{ t cGo sfof{ no eP To:tf]
sfof{ nodf cfkm} uO{ jf cGo sd{rf/L v6fO{ cfGtl/s hfr lg/LIf0f ug'{ jf u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
-^_ sfof{ nodf /fVg' kg]{ n] vf 7Ls b'?:t; u /fv] jf g/fv]sf] , txlan
df}Hbft 7Ls eP jf gePsf] ;DaGwdf dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{no / ;DalGwt sf]i f
tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] cfsl:ds jf ;do ;dodf hf r ug{ ;Sg] 5 . o;/L
hfr u/]sf] k|ltj]bg / n]vf 7Ls g/fvL hl/jfgf ug{ kg]{ eP ;f] ;d]t pNn]v u/L
;DalGwt sfof{nosf] tfn's sfof{no k|d'v ;dIf k7fpg' kg]{ 5 . o;/L k|ltj]bg
k|fKt ePsf] ;ft lbg leq tfn's sfof{ non] ;DalGwt sfof{ no k|d'vnfO{
cfjZostf cg' ;f/ lgb]{zg lbg] jf sf/afxL ug{' kg]{5 .
-&_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd hfr x'bf s'g} s}lkmot ePdf sfof{ no k|d' v
jf ljefuLo k|d' v, ljefuLo k|d'v geP tfn's sfof{ non] b] xfo adf]lhd sf/afxL
u/L To;sf] hfgsf/L dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ no / dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{nonfO{
lbg' kg]{5 M
57
-s_ gubL / lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] nut v8f ug{ 5'6 ePsf]df

tLg lbg leq nut v8f ug{ nufpg],
-v_ gubL lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] nut uf]ndfn u/L g]kfn
;/sf/nfO{ xfgL gf]S;fgL kf/]sf]df kGw| lbgleq gf]S;fgL
ePsf] /sd snd c;"n pk/ ug]{ / kGw| lbgleq c;"n
pk/ x'g g;s]sf]df k| rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;/sf/L afsL
;/x t' ?Gt c;" n pk/ ug]{ .
(#= n]vf jf n]vf ljj/0f bflvnf ug]{ M -!_ n]vf jf n] vf ljj/0f bflvnf ug]{
;DaGwdf o; lgodfjnLdf cGoq s'g} Joj:yf ePsf]df ;f] xL adf]lhd / s'g}
Joj:yf gePsf]df b] xfo adf]lhd n]vf jf n]vf ljj/0f bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ b}lgs k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f ef]lnkN6,
-v_ ;fKtflxs kdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f ;f] ;do ;dfKt ePsf]
tLg lbg leq,
-u_ dfl;s kdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f dlxgf e'Qmfg ePsf] ;ft
lbg leq,
-3_ dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ no jf cy{ dGqfno jf dxfn] vf
lgoGqs sfof{no jf ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ no jf ;DalGwt tfn's sfof{ no, ljefu jf clwsf/Ln]
dfu]sf] ljj/0f dfu ul/Psf] kqdf pNn]v ePsf] Dofbleq,
-_ cGo lgsfoaf6 ljj/0f k| fKt u/L k7fpg' kg]{ k|ltj]bgdf
To:tf] ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] tLg lbg leq .
-@_ pklgod -!_ df pNn] v eP adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq ljj/0f k7fpg
g;s]df k7fpg g;Sgfsf] sf/0f vf] nL k6s] kdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0fsf xsdf
dfu ug]]{ lgsfosf] k|d'v;u / lgoldt kdf k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0fsf] xsdf tfn's
sfof{ no k|d'v ;dIf Dofb yk dfu u/L lgsf;f e} cfP cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
($= n]vf g/fVg] jf k|l tj]bg k]z gug]{nfO{ sf/afxL x'g] M n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tn]
o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd /fVg' kg]{ /fh:j ljlgof]hg w/f}6L nufotsf] n] vf g/fVg]
jf k|ltj]bg k]z gug]{ ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d' v / cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vnfO{
58
n]vf g/fv]sf]d f n] vf g/x]sf] /sdsf] kf r k|ltzt;Dd / k|ltj]bg k]z gu/]sf]d f

;ft lbgsf] tna a/fa/sf] /sd hl/jfgf ug'{ kg]{5 .
(%= cfGtl/s lgoGq0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ k|To]s dGqfno,;lrjfno,;+j} wflgs c,
ljefuLo k|d' vn] cfkm" / cGtu{t lgsfoaf6 ;Dkfbg ul/g] sfo{x ldtJooL,
sfo{bIftf / k|e fjsf/L 9+uaf6 ;Dkfbg ug{, ljtLo k|ltj]bg k|0 ffnLnfO{ ljZj;gLo
agfpg tyf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ cfcfgf]] sfdsf] k|s[lt
cg';f/sf] cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL tof/ u/L of] lgod k| f/De ePsf] Ps jif{leq
nfu" u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL tof/ ubf{ lgsfout
sfdsf] k|s[lt cg'k cfjZos s'/fxsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 / To;df lgoGq0fsf]
jftfj/0f, hf]lvd If]qsf] klxrfg, ;" rgfsf] cfbfg k|bfg,cg'udg tyf d"Nofg
h:tf ljifonfO{ ;d]t ;d]l6g' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhdsf] cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0 ffnLsf] cg'udg
ug{sf nflu ;DalGwt dGqfno,;lrjfno,;+j} wflgs c tyf ljefuLo k|d'vn]
lhDd]jf/ clwsf/L tf]s L cg'udg ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] cg'udgaf6 b]lvPsf q'l6nfO{ ;' wf/ u/L
cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnLnfO{ ;'b[9 jgfpg] lhDd]jf/L pklgod -!_ df plNnlvt
lgsfosf] x'g]5 .
-%_ tfn's sfof{non] o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd dftxtsf sfof{non]
tf]lsPsf] sfo{ x k|e fjsf/L kdf kl/kfngf u/] gu/]sf], cfly{s cg' zf;g /
lgb]{zgsf] kfngf u/] gu/]sf] ;' kl/j]If0f / cg'udg ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] ;' kl/j]If0f / cg'udg jif{sf] sDtLdf b'O{ k6s
ug'{ kg]{5 . tfn's sfof{non] cg'udg / ;'kl/j]If0fsf] cfwf/df b]lvPsf s}lkmotsf]
;'wf/sf] nflu dftxt sfof{ nonfO{ lgb]{zg lbg' kg]{5 / To:tf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf
ug'{ dftxtsf sfof{ nosf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
59
(^= cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sfof{nosf sfof{no k|d'vn] cfgf]]
sfof{ nosf] /fh:j, w/f}6L tyf ljlgof]hg tkm{sf] cfoJoo tyf k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd v8f ePsf] sfo{ ;~rfng jf cGo ;fj{hlgs sf]ifsf] cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 u/fpg' kg]{5 / sf]i f
tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] ;d] t sfof{nosf] /fh:j, w/f} 6L, ljlgof]hg tkm{sf]
cfo Joo / k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd v8f ePsf] sfo{ ;~rfng jf cGo ;fj{ hlgs
sf]ifsf] cfGtl/s n] vfk/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-@_ sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{ sfof{ nodf x'g] cfDbfgL tyf vr{ / To;sf] n] vfg k|rlnt
sfg"gf/f lgwf{l/t k|lqmof cg'k eP jf gePsf], ljQLo;fwgsf] pkof]u ldtJooL
tj/n] bIftfk" j{s k|efjsf/L kdf eP jf gePsf] , :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd cg'k
nIo k|flKt u/] jf gu/]sf], ljQLo k|ltj]bgn] cfly{s sf/f]j f/sf] ;xL / oyfy{ lrq0f
k|:t't u/] jf gu/]sf] / cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL k|efjsf/L eP jf gePsf] h:tf
s'/fxdf s]Gb|Lt eO{ dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 tof/ u/L nfu" u/]sf] cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f lgb]{lzsf cg'ksf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ cfGtl/s n] vf k/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ sfof{non] cfGtl/s n] vfk/LIf0faf6 lg:s]sf j]?h' clGtd n] vfk/LIf0f
x'g' eGbf cufl8 g} lgoldt u/fpg' kg]{df lgoldt u/fO{ jf k|df0f k] z ug'{ kg]{df
k|df0f k]z u/L jf c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{df c;" n pk/ u/L] a]?h' nut s6\ 6f u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
-$_ tfn's sfof{ non] ;d]t cfkm" dftxt lgsfosf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f
;dod} eP jf gePsf], cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0faf6 sfod ePsf j]?h' x ;dod}
km5of}{6 u/] jf gu/]sf] cg'udg u/L ;dod} cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f j]?h' km5of}{ 6
gug]{ lhDd]jf/ clwsf/LnfO{ ;]jf ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ sfof{no k|d'v cfkm}+n] lgoldt ug{ ;Sg]df cfkm}n] lgoldt ug]{ /
cfkm} n] lgoldt ug{ g;Sg] /sdx tfn's sfof{nodf ;dod} k] z ug'{ kg]{5 .
tfn's sfof{non] klg lgoldt ug'{ kg]{df ;dod} lgoldt u/L u/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 . ;f]
60
adf]lhd gu/]df To;sf] hjfkmb]xL tfn's dGqfno, ljefu jf ;DalGwt sfof{ no

k|d'v x'g' kg]{5 .
-^_ cfGtl/s n] vfk/LIf0f ug]{ sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0faf6 lg:s]sf] a]?h'sf] Ps k|lt af] wfy{ tfn's sfof{ nodf klg k7fpg''
kg]{5 . To:tf] a]?h' km5\ of}{ 6 u/] jf gu/]sf] cg'udg tfn's sfof{ non] ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf] a]?h'sf] k|d f0f h'6fO{ clGtd
n]vfk/LIf0f x'g' cl3 ljz]if sf/0f k/L km5\ of}{ 6 x'g g;s]df ;f] s'/f ;d]t pNn] v
u/L clGtd n] vfk/LIfs ;dIf lnlvt :ki6Ls/0f lbg' kg]{5 .
-*_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0faf6 lg:s]sf] km5\of}{6 x'g afsL a]?h' pklgod -&_
adf]lhd clGtd n] vfk/LIfsnfO{ lbOg]5 . clGtd n] vfk/LIf0f ePkl5 cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f a]?h' sfod /xg] 5}g .
(&= clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] M sfof{no k|d' vn] dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{noaf6
tf]lsP adf]lhd n]vf / cfly{s ljj/0f k] z u/L clGtd n] vfk/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{5 .
(*= a]?h' km5\
km5f}
\f}{6 ug]{ u/fpg] pQ/bfloTj M -!_ sfof{no k|d'v jf lhDd]jf/ JolQmn]
a]?h' km5\ of}{ 6 u/] jf gu/]sf] cg'udg u/L gu/]sf] eP k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
km5\of}{6 ug{ nufpg] bfloTj n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tsf] x'g] 5 .
-@_ n]vfk/LIf0faf6 sfod ePsf a]? h' k|d f0f k] z u/L jf lgoldt u/L
u/fO{ jf c;" n pk/ u/L km5\ of}{6 ug]{ bfloTj lhDd]af/ JolQm jf sfof{no k|d'vsf]
x'g]5 .
-#_ a]?h' km5\ of}{6 ug]{ bfloTj ePsf] lhDd]jf/ JolQm jf sfof{ no k|d' v jf
sd{rf/L ;?jf a9'jf jf cjsfz e} sfof{ no 5f8\g' kbf{ lghn] km5\of}{6 x'g afs L
/x]sf] a]?h' nut tyf sf/f]j f/ ;DaGwL sf/afxLsf] ;Dk"0f{ ljj/0f vf]nL
xfnjfnfnfO{ a'fpg' kg]{5 . xfnjfnfn] klg km5\f}{6 x'g afsL /x]sf] a]?h' nut
tyf sf/f] jf/ ;DaGwL sf/afxLsf] ;Dk"0 f{ ljj/0f a'L lnO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy a]? h'
km5\of}{6 ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{ 5 .
((= a]?h' km5\
km5f}
\f}{6sf] sf/afxL u/L hjfkm lbg] M -!_ cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f jf clGtd
n]vfk/LIf0faf6 cf}N ofOPsf s}lkmot k|ltj]bg / a]?h' xsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt
n]vfk/LIfs jf n] vfk/LIf0f ug]{ sfof{noaf6 kq n] vL cfPkl5 ;f] kqdf Dofb
61
tf]lsPsf] eP ;f] Dofb leq / gtf]lsPsf]df k}+tL; lbg leq lgoldt ug'{ kg]{ eP
lgoldt u/L cfjZos k|df0f k] z ug'{ kg]{ eP ;f] k]z u/L u/fO{ jf c;" n pk/ ug'{
kg]{ eP c;"n pk/ u/L jf hjfkmaf6 k|i6 ug'{ kg]{ eP k|i6 hjfkm lbO{ a]?h'
km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 / To;sf] hjfkm n]vfk/LIfs jf n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{ sfof{nonfO{
k}tL; lbgleq lbg' kg]{5 . sf/f]jf/ / k|df0f ;DaGwdf s'g} s'/f :ki6 ug'{ k/]df
n]vf k/LIfsn] aGb ;jfn u/L hjfkm tTsfn} lng ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd a]?h' km5\ of}{6 ug{ gEofPdf a]?h' kq n] Vg]
lgsfodf sf/0f ;lxt Dofb dfUg' kg]{5 / ;f] lgsfon] yk lbPsf] Dofbleq ;f] sfo{
;Dkfbg u/L a]? h' km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ jf -@_ df pNn] v eP adf]lhdsf] sf/afxL / hjfkmsf]
af]wfy{ tfn's sfof{ nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd a]?h' km5\of}{6sf] sf/afxL gug]{ tyf
lbPsf] hjfkm klg ;Gtf]ifhgs gePdf tfn's sfof{ no k|d' vn] P]gsf] bkmf ##
adf]lhd hl/jfgf jf ;]j f ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL jf
b'a} sf/afxL ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ P]gsf] bkmf !( sf] pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt ;doleq ;Dk/LIf0f x'g
g;sL afsL /x]sf a]?h' x n] vf pQ/bfoL clws[t n] P]gsf] bkmf @# adf]lhdsf]
a]?h' km5\f}{ 6 ;ldltdf k] z u/L km5\ of}{6 u/fO{ dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{noaf6
nut sf u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-^_ P]gsf] bkmf @# adf]lhdsf] a]?h' km5\ of}{6 ;ldltaf6 km5\of}{6 ug]{ lg0f{ o
ePsf] / s]Gb|Lo txl;n sfof{ noaf6 c;"n km5\ of}{ 6 ePsf] a]?h'sf] hfgsf/L
dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ nonfO{ lbO{ nut km5of}6 ug{' kg]{5 .
!))= a]?h' km5\
km5of}
\of}}{6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tn] k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd lgoldt ug{ ldNg] a]?h' cfkm}+n] lgoldt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tn] cfkm"n] ;f]} lgoldt ug{ gldnL s'g}
sfof{ no jf clwsf/L jf ;DalGwt JolQm jf sd{rf/L a'L lgoldt ug{ x'g] a]?h'
;f] adf]lhd a'L lgoldt ug'{ kg]{5 .
62
-#_ k|rlnt sfg"gsf] /Lt k'ofpg' kg]{df ;f] /Lt;Dd gk'ofO{ clgoldt
ePsf] t/ ;/sf/L xfgL gf]S;fgL ePsf] gb]lvPsf] a]?h' sfof{no k|d'v / ljefuLo
k|d'vsf] l;kmfl/;df ;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf ;+j} wflgs c tyf lgsfosf
n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tn] lgoldt ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L lgoldt ubf{ xfgL gf]S;fgL
gePsf] sf/0f oyf;Dej k|i6 ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_, -@_ / -#_ df pNn]v ul/Psf] afx]s cGo a]?h'nfO{
lgoldt ug{ n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[t n] dgfl;a sf/0f b] v]df / ;f] lgoldt ug{
ldGxf lbg' kg]{ ePdf lgod !)^ adf]lhd ldGxf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)!= a]?h' km5\
km5f}
\f}{6 d"Nofg / cg'udg ;ldlt M -!_ sfof{non] u/]sf] a]?h'
km5\of}{6sf] cg'udg u/L a]?h' km5\ of}{ 6 ;DaGwL sfd sf/afxLdf k|e fjsfl/tf
Nofpg g]kfn ;/sf/n] a]?h' km5\ of}{ 6 d"Nofg / cg'udg ;ldlt u7g ug{
;Sg]5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltdf b]xfosf cWoIf / ;b:ox
/xg]5g\M
-s_ d'Vo ;lrj cWoIf
-v_ ;lrj, cy{ dGqfno ;b:o
-u_ ;lrj, ;fdfGo k| zf;g dGqfno ;b:o
-3_ dxfn] vf lgoGqs ;b:o
-_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] dgf]g og u/]sf] JolQm ;b:o;lrj
-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo
adf]lhd x'g]5 M
-s_ dGqfno, ;lrjfno, ljefu jf sfof{ non] u/]sf] a]?h'
km5\of}{6 ;DaGwL sfd sf/afxLsf] n]vfhf] vf tyf d"Nofg
ug]{,
-v_ sfod ePsf] a]?h' sd km5\of}{6 ug]{ jf km5\ of}{6 gug]{
dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf ljefusf k|d'vnfO{ ;ldltdf
pkl:yt u/fO{ lgh;u 5nkmn ug]{ ,
63
-u_ sfod ePsf] a]?h' km5\ of}{ 6 gug]{ jf gu/fpg] sfof{ no

k|d'v / sd{rf/LnfO{ d"Nofgsf] cfwf/df sf/afxLsf] nflu
;DalGwt dGqfnonfO{ lgb]{zg lbg] / o;/L lbOPsf] lgb]{zg
dfly sf/afxL gu/]sf] kfOPdf n] vf pQ/bflo clws[t pk/
ljefuLo sf/afxLsf] lgldQ g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/;
ug{],
-3_ ;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf ljefunfO{ a]?h' km5\ of}{6
ug{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg] / a]?h' km5\ of}{6 ;DaGwL sf/afxL
z'? u/] jf gu/]sf] jf c;" n pk/ ug'{ kg{] egL 7xofPsf]
a]?h' tf]lsPsf] ;doleq c;" n pk/ u/] gu/]sf] jf s]Gb|Lo
txl;n sfof{ nodf k7fP gk7fPsf] ;DaGwdf cg'udg ug]{,
-_ a]?h' km5\of}{6 ;DaGwL sfd sf/afxLsf] ;DaGwdf k| To]s 5
dlxgfdf ;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf ljefusf] k| ult
ljj/0f tof/ u/L k| wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{ no /
jflif{s k|ltj]bg dlGqkl/ifb\df k]z ug]{ .
-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] ;b:o;lrjsf] kfl/>lds /
;'ljwf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ul7t ;ldltn] cfgf] sfo{ljlw cfkm}+ Jojl:yt
ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
-^_ ;ldltsf] ;lrjfno cy{ dGqfnodf /xg]5 .
!)@= n]vf pQ/bfoL
pQ/bf oL clws[tsf] st{J o M o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd n] vf /fVg], n] vf
bflvnf ug]{ tyf n] vfk/LIf0f eP jf gePsf] /]vb] v lg/LIf0f ug]{ u/fpg] /
dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgsf] k|ltlqmof lbg] Joj:yflksf;+;bsf]
;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf] 5nkmndf efu lnO{ a]?h' km5\of}{6\ ;DaGwL sfd sf/afxL
ug]{ u/fpg] pQ/bfloTj n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tsf] x'g]5 .
!)#= a]?h'sf] nut k7fpg' kg]{ M -!_ c;" n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ 7xl/Psf] a]?h' /sd
;DalGwt sfof{non] g} c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 . ;DalGwt sfof{non] To:tf] a]? h'
/sd Ps jif{leq k6s k6s sf/afxL ubf{ klg c;"n pk/ ug{ g;s]df c;" n pk/
64
ug{ g;Sgfsf] sf/0f vf] nL n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[t ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg{]5 . o;/L k] z
x'g cfPsf] Joxf]/f n] vf pQ/bfoL clws[t n] cg';"rL!% adf]lhdsf] 9f rfdf ljj/0f
e/L s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{nodf nut k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt x'g cfPsf] ljj/0f s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln
sfof{ non] hfrL /Lt k' u]sf] ePdf ;ft lbg leq nut s;L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L
;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ lbg]5 . To;/L k| fKt ePsf] hfgsf/Lsf] cfwf/df ;DalGwt
lgsfon] cfk\mgf] a]? h'sf] nut sf ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd k|fKt ljj/0f hfr ubf{ ul0ftLo q'l6 b]lvPdf
s]Gb|Lo txl;n sfof{non] n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[t ;dIf k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu n]vL
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
!)$= s]Gb|L o tx;Ln sfof{nosf] sfd, st{J o / clwsf/ M P]gsf] bkmf #) df pNn]v
ePsf] sfd, st{ Jo / clwsf/sf] cltl/Qm s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{ nosf] sfd, st{ Jo
/ clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
-s_ lgod !)# adf]lhd c;"n pk/sf] nflu k|fKt ePsf] nut /sd c;" n
km5of}{6 ug]{,
-v_ ;/sf/L /sd c;"n pk/ ug]{ l;nl;nfdf lhDd]jf/ JolQmsf] tna, eQf,
lgj[Qe/0f, pkbfg / lghn] e'QmfgL kfpg] h'g;'s} /sd /f]Ssf ug]{ /
cfjZostfg' ;f/ /fxbfgL /f]Ssf ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf n] vL k7fpg],
-u_ o; lgodfjnLdf pNn] v ePsf]d f o;} lgodfjnL adf]lhd / o;
lgodfjnLdf pNn] v gePsf] cj:yfdf k| rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd c;"n pk/
ug{],
-3_ cfkm" sxf nut sl;Psf ;/sf/L afsL /sd ePsf JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+:yfsf] gfd / afsL /sdsf] nut k|To]s jif{ cBfjlws u/L ;DalGwt
dGqfnodf k7fpg],
-_ ;/sf/L /sd c;" n pk/ ug]{ l;nl;nfdf lhDd]jf/ JolQm jf lghsf]
hdfgLsf] hfoh]yf vf]h tnf; u/L /f]Ssf /fVg] / lnnfd laqmL ug]{,
-r_ P]gsf] bkmf @# adf]lhdsf] a]?h' km5\f}{ 6 ;ldltsf] ;lrjfnosf] kdf
sfd ug]{ .
65
!)%= s]Gb|L o tx;Ln sfof{non] c;"n km5\

km5f}
\f}{6 ug]{ k|lqmof
lqmof M -!_ lgod !)#
adf]lhdsf] ;/sf/L afsL /sd jf cGo k||rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{
7xl/Psf] /sd c;"n pk/ ug{ s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{ nodf nut k| fKt e} nut
s;]kl5 s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{non] lhDd]jf/ JolQmnfO{ /sd a'emfpg k+}tL; lbgsf]
Dofb lbO{ ;"rgf k7fpg' kg]{ 5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; lgodsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+: yf jf sDkgLsf] xsdf lhDd]jf/
JolQm eGgfn] ;+:yf jf sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb leq /sd bflvnf ug{ g;sL ;f]s f]
kof{K t sf/0f ;lxt lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] Dofb yk dfu u/]d f s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln
sfof{ non] a9Ldf 5 dlxgf;Ddsf] Dofb yk lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ df plNnlvt cjlwleq klg /sd bflvnf gug]{
lhDd]jf/ JolQm;u s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{ non] /sd c;" n ubf{ lhDd]jf/ JolQm
;/sf/L sd{rf/L ePdf lghsf] kfl/>ldsaf6, lhDd]jf/ JolQm ;/sf/L ;]j faf6
jxfn 6'6L ;s]s]f JolQm ePdf lghn] kfpg] lgj[Qe/0faf6 / lhDd]jf/ JolQm
u}/;/sf/L JolQm ePdf lghn] s'g} ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 s'g} /sd e'QmfgL kfpg
afsL eP ;f] /sdaf6 s6[ L u/L c;" n pk/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] /sd c;"n pk/ ug{ s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln
sfof{ noaf6 cg'/f]w e} cfPdf ;DalGwt sfof{ no k|d'vn] lhDd]jf/ JolQmaf6 c;" n
pk/ ug'{ kg]{ hlt /sd lghn] e'QmfgL kfpg] /sdaf6 s6[L u/L c;"n pk/ u/L
lbg' kg]{5 . o;/L c;" n pk/ gug]{ sfof{no k|d' v pk/ k| rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{non] ;DalGwt dGqfnodf n] vL k7fpg'
kg]{5 .
-%_ c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ /sd c;"n pk/ ug{ s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{non]
c;" n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ JolQmsf] hfoh]yf lnnfd laqmL ug{ / ;f] JolQmnfO{ y'gfdf
/fVg ;Sg]5 .
-^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhd hfoh]yf lnnfd laqmL u/L /sd c;"n pk/ ubf{
s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{non] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof ckgfpg' kg{]5 M
66
-s_ c;" n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ /sdsf] nut ;fy hfoh]yf lwtf] /x]sf]
ljj/0f k|fKt gePsf] cj:yfdf s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{noaf6
/sd c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ JolQmsf] tLg k':t] ;lxt
;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{ nodf lghsf] hfoh] yf vf] htnfz
u/L /f]Ssf /fVg n]vL k7fpg] 5 . o;/L /f] Ssf /fVg n] vL
cfPdf ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{non] To:tf] JolQmsf]
hfoh]yf vf]htnfz u/L /f]Ssf /fvL ;f]s f] hfgsf/L s]Gb|Lo
tx;Ln sfof{nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . pQm lhNnfdf lghsf]
gfpdf s'g} hfoh]yf gePdf ;f] xL Joxf]/fsf] hfgsf/L lbg'
kg]{5 .
-v_ nut ;fy k| fKt ePsf] lwtf] jf v08 -s_ adf]lhd k|fKt
ePsf] hfoh] yfsf] ljj/0f l;naGbL af]nkq jf ;fj{hlgs
a9fa9sf] dfWodaf6 lnnfd laqmLsf] nflu s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln
sfof{ non] k}+tL; lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ /fli6o b}lgs klqsfdf
;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ug]{5 . o;/L lnnfd laqmL ubf{
c;" n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ /sd vfDg ;Sg] htL dfq} hfoh]yfsf]
lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ pklgod -^_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd b'O{ k6s;Dd lnnfd laqmL ubf{
;d]t lnnfd ;sf/ gePdf jf ;sf/ x'g cfPsf] /sd lnnfd x'g] hfoh]yf
;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{ noaf6 /lhi6]zg k| of] hgsf] nflu sfod ePsf] Go"gtd
d"No eGbf klg sd x'g cfO{ /sd c;" n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ JolQmn] a'emfpg kg]{ /sd
vfDg ;d]t g;Sg] ePdf To:tf] hfoh]yf lgod !)^ sf] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd
ul7t ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf lng]5 .
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj sfod ePsf] 5 dlxgfleq /sd a'emfpg' kg]{
JolQmn] a'emfpg afsL /sd / lnnfd laqmL;u ;DalGwt sfo{ ubf{ / ;"rgf
k|sfzg ubf{ nfu]s f] ;Dk"0f{ vr{ /sd ;d]t bflvnf u/L To:tf] hfoh]yf lkmtf{ dfu
u/]df lgod !)^ sf] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ul7t ;ldltn] lkmtf{ lbg] lg0f{o ug{
;Sg]5 .
67
-*_ pklgod -&_ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf cfPsf] hfoh]yf

g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;/sf/L sfof{no jf :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
-(_ /sd c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ JolQmnfO{ y'gfdf /fvL ;/sf/L afsL /sd
c;" n pk/ ubf{ s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{ non] b] xfosf] k|lqmof ckgfpg] 5 M
-s_ /sd c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ JolQmnfO{ s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln
sfof{ nodf pkl:yt u/fO{ lbg ;DalGwt lhNnf k|x/L
sfof{ nodf n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L n]vL cfPdf
;DalGwt lhNnf k|x/L sfof{non] To:tf] JolQmnfO{ s]Gb|Lo
tx;Ln sfof{nodf pkl:yt u/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd pkl:yt u/fOPsf] JolQmn] tTsfn /sd
bflvnf ug{ g;s]df To:tf JolQm;u s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln
sfof{ non] h]yf hdfgL lnO{ pQm /sd bflvnf ug{ a9Ldf
;f7L lbg ;Ddsf] Dofb lbg ;Sg] 5 . /sd tTsfn
ga'emfpg] jf h] yf hdfgL ;d]t glbg] To:tf] JolQmnfO{
lghn] a'emfpg' kg]{ ;Dk"0 f{ /sd ga'emfP;Dd y'gfdf /fVg'
kg]{5 .
-u_ v08 -v_ df plNnlvt cjlwleq /sd bflvnf gu/]df
lnOPsf] h]yf hdfgLnfO{ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd lnnfd
lalqm jf hkmt u/L /sd c;" n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 . lnnfd
lalqm ubf{ klg c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ /sd c;"n gePdf
afsL /sdsf] nflu k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s}b ;hfo
ul/g]5 .
-!)_ cGo k| rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd c;" n pk/ ug]{ 7x/ e} s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln
sfof{ nodf nut sl;Psf] /sd c;"n km5\of}{6 ubf{ ;d]t o; lgodfjnLdf pNn] v
eP adf]lhd c;" n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
-!!_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd ;/sf/L afsL /sd c;"n pk/ ubf{ o;
lgodfjnLdf plNnlvt k|lqmofx dWo] s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{non] pko'Qm 7fg]sf]
k|lqmof ckgfpg ;Sg] 5 .
68
!)^= ldGxf ;DaGwL Joj:yf

Joj:yf M -!_ P]gsf] bkmf @( adf]lhd ldGxf lbg' k/]df tLgnfv
k}+ of ;Dd ;DalGwt dGqfnosf] ;lrjn] / ;f] eGbf dflysf] /sdsf] xsdf b]xfo
adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df kf rnfv k} of ;Ddsf] ldGxf ;DalGwt
dGqfnon] / ;f] eGbf a9L /sdsf] ldGxf g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\n] lbg ;Sg] 5 M
-s_ d'Vo ;lrj cWoIf
-v_ cy{ dGqfnosf] ;lrj ;b:o
-u_ dxfn] vf lgoGqs ;b:o
-3_ s]Gb|Lo tx;Ln sfof{nosf] k|d'v ;b:o;lrj
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] cfgf] sfo{ljlw cfkmF} Jojl:yt ug]{5 .
kl/R5]b !@
sfof{no / kbflwsf/Lx
kbflwsf/Lxsf]
xsf] cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfd tyf st{J o
!)&= sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nosf] sfd / st{Jo M P]g tyf o; lgodfjnLdf
cGoq pNn]v ePsf] sfd / st{Josf] cltl/Qm sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf]
sfd / st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g] 5M
-s_ cfgf] Onfsf leq /x]s f] cfly{s sf/f]j f/ ug]{ sfof{noxsf] nut tof/
u/L dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf] k/fdz{d f sfof{ no ;+s]t gDj/ lbO{
;f]sf] nut cBfjlws kdf /fVg],
-v_ dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf] k|ltlglwsf] kdf lhNnfsf sfof{ nosf]
cfly{s sf/f]j f/sf] /]vb]v lg/LIf0f ug]{, sfof{ noxnfO{ dxfn]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ nosf] gLlt lgb]{zg / k| rlnt sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL /fo ;Nnfx lbg],
-u_ sfof{ noaf6 ljlgof]hg, /fh:j / w/f}6L /sdsf] cfDbfgL / vr{s f]
df:s]af/L lnO{ To;sf] lhNnfut df:s]jf/L tof/ u/L dxfn] vf lgoGqs
sfof{ nodf k7fpg],
-3_ lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L sfof{ nox nufot dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{non]
tf]lslbPsf] jf cGo k| rlnt sfg"g jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{ oaf6 sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f ug]{ u/L tf]lsPsf]d f To:tf
lgsfox ;d]tsf] /fh:j, ljlgof]hg, w/f} 6L, lhG;L / k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd v8f ePsf] sfo{ ;~rfng sf]ifsf] cfGtl/s n] vfk/LIf0f ug]{,
69
-__ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd sfof{nonfO{ lbPsf] clVtof/L / ah]6 af8kmf 8

adf]lhd lgsf;f lbg] /sdsf] sfof{ nout / uf]Zjf/f n] vf /fVg], lgsf;f
lbg] / lgsf;f lbO{Psf] /sdsf] ljj/0f a}af6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ dxfn]vf
lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k7fpg],
-r_ ;fn tdfd ePkl5 sfof{noxnfO{ lbPsf] lgsf;f /sdsf] jflif{s cfly{s
ljj/0f agfO{ dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{no / ;DalGwt sfof{ nosf] tfn's
ljefudf k7fpg],
-5_ sfof{ noxn] cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf afsL /x]s f] ljlgof]hg /sd ;l~rt
sf]if bflvn u/] jf gu/]sf] hfr ug]{ / gu/]sf] eP bflvn u/fpg],
-h /fh:j n]vf / bflvnf tyf w/f}6L n]vf km5\of}{6 ;DaGwdf cfjZostfg';f/
sfof{ nosf] lg/LIf0f u/L ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf /
;DalGwt sfof{nosf] tfn's ljefudf k7fpg] / tT;DaGwdf k|fKt lgb]{zg
adf]lhd ug]{,
-em_ ljlgof]hg n] vf, txlan df}Hbft / a]? h' km5\of}{6 ;DaGwdf sfof{ noxsf]
lg/LIf0f u/L lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf / ;DalGwt
sfof{ nosf] tfn's ljefudf k7fpg] / tT;DaGwdf dxfn] vf lgoGqs
sfof{ noaf6 k|fKt lgb]{zg adf]lhd ug]{,
-`_ sfof{ noxsf] lgl/If0f ubf{ ;|]:tf b'?:t g/x]sf] jf lxgfldgf ePsf] jf k] z
ug'{ kg]{ k|ltj]bgx lgoldt kdf k]z gu/]sf] jf o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd
ug'{ kg]{ cGo sfd gu/]sf] kfOPdf sfof{nosf] a} vftf /f]Ssf u/L tfn's
sfof{ nodf hfgsf/L lbg],
-6_ dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] ;do ;dodf tf]ls lbPsf cGo sfo{ x ug]{ .
!)*= sfof{nosf] sfd / st{J o M P]g / o; lgodfjnLdf cGoq pNn]v ePsf] sfd /
st{Josf] cltl/Qm sfof{ nosf] cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfd / st{Jo b]xfo
adf]lhd x'g]5M
-s_ ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ no;u ljlgof]lht /sd dfu u/L
lgsf;f ePsf] /sd cfDbfgL afwL :jLs[t ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd / tfn's
70
ljefun] lbPsf] clVtof/L leq /xL o; lgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] /Lt k'ofO{

vr{ ug]{ , To;sf] n] vf /fVg],
-v_ o; lgodfjnLdf pNn] v eP adf]lhdsf] cjlw leq /fh:j, w/f}6L /
ljlgof]hgsf] a} lx;fa ljj/0f le8fO{ df:s]jf/L / cGo ljj/0fx
;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ no, tfn's ljefu / dGqfnodf
k7fpg],
-u_ ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ noaf6 ljlgof]hg, /fh:j, w/f} 6L /
n]vfsf] cfGtl/s n] vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] / b]lvPsf] s}lkmot clGtd
n]vfk/LIf0f x'g' cufj} lgoldt u/fO{ /fVg],
-3_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd jflif{s cfly{s sf/f]j f/ k|ltj]bg / rf}dfl;s tyf
jflif{s sfo{ ;Dkfbg k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{,
-_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd ;Dk"0f{ cfly{s sf/f]j f/ ug]{, lhDd]jf/L axg ug]{,
a]?h' km5\ of}{ 6 ug]{ / ljj/0f k] z ug]{,
-r_ dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ noaf6 cf}+NofOPsf a]?h'sf] ;f] xL ljefuaf6
tf]lsPsf] 9frfdf nut v8f u/L /fVg] / km5\of}{6sf] clen]v cBfjlws u/L
/fVg] .
!)(= sfof{no k|d'vsf] sfd / st{Jo M -!_ P]g tyf o; lgodfjnLdf cGoq pNn]v
ePsf] sfd / st{Josf] cltl/Qm sfof{no k|d'vsf] cfly{s k| zf;g ;DaGwL sfd /
st{Jo b] xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
-s_ sfof{ no k|d'vsf] xfn ;flas ePdf o; lgodfjnL
adf]lhd a/a'f/y ug]{,
-v_ ;?jf a9'j f e} hfbf cfgf] sfo{s fnsf] cfo Joosf] n] vf,
a]?h'sf] nut, a]?h' km5\ of}{ 6sf] sf/afxLsf] l:ylt /
sfof{ nosf] cfly{s , ef}lts tyf hgzlQmsf] jf:tljs
l:yltsf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L xfnjfnfnfO{ a'emfpg],
-u_ sfof{ nodf bflvn x'g cfPsf] ;/sf/L /sdsf] n] vf /fVg],
k|ltj]bgx k7fpg] / sfof{ nosf] ;Dk"0f{ cfly{s sf/f]j f/sf]
pQ/bfloTj axg ug]{,
71
-3_ sfof{ nosf] gubL lhG;Ldf xfgLgf]S;fgL x'g gkfpg] u/L

lgoGq0fsf] Joj:yf ug]{ ,
-_ sfof{ nodf cfly{s cg'zf;g sfod ug]{ u/fpg],
-r_ o; lgodfjnL tyf cfly{s k| zf;g ;DaGwL cGo k|rlnt
sfg"g kfng ug]{ jf u/fpg],
-5_ n]vfk/LIf0faf6 lg:s]sf] a]?h'sf] hjfkm ;dod} lbO{ ;f]
adf]lhd km5\of}{6 eof] jf ePg cg'udg ug]{ / lbPsf]
hjfkm jf k|d f0faf6 km5\ of}{6 geP k'gM k] z u/L km5\ of}{6
u/fpg] .
-@_ sfof{ no k|d' vn] cfly{s sf/f]j f/ ubf{ cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vsf]
/fo glnO{ jf /fo ljk/Lt lg0f{o u/]sf] vr{sf] /sd sndsf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug'{
kg]{5 . cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d' vn] /fo lbPsf] /sd sndsf] xsdf lghn] ;d]t
;+o'Qm lhDd]jf/L jxg ug'{ kg]{5 .
!!)= ;+j}wflgs c tyf lgsfosf] k|zf;sLo k|d'v / dGqfnosf ;lrjsf] sfd /
st{J o M -!_ P]g tyf o; lgodfjnLdf cGoq pNn] v ePsf] sfd / st{Josf]
cltl/Qm ;+j}wflgs c tyf lgsfosf] k| zf;sLo k|d' v tyf dGqfnosf ;lrjsf]
cfly{s k| zf;g ;DaGwL sfd / st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
-s_ ah]6 lbUbz{g tyf /fli6o of] hgf cfof] u / cy{ dGqfnon]
;do ;dodf tf]s] cg';f/ ah]6 / sfo{qmd tof/ u/L
;DalGwt lgsfodf k] z ug]{,
-v_ dftxt sfof{ nosf] s'g} /sdsf] lgsf;f k"/} jf cf+l zs
/f]Ssf /fVg' k/]df tbg';f/ /f]sL To;sf] ;"rgf cy{
dGqfno, dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no ;DalGwt sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{ no / dftxt sfof{ nonfO{ lbg],
-u_ sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no / dftxtsf
sfof{ noxaf6 k|fKt ;" rgfsf] cfwf/df s]Gb|Lo n] vf /fVg],
-3_ v08 -u_ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] s]Gb|Lo n] vfsf] cfwf/df
j}b]lzs C0f tyf ;xfotf ;d]t ;dfj] z u/L s]Gb|Lo
72
cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ / dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ nodf

k]z u/L n] vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] . To:tf] cfly{s ljj/0f Ps
k|lt dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf klg k7fpg],
-_ ah]6 zLif{s pkzLif{s cGtu{tsf] /fh:j ljlgof]hg vr{,
w/f}6L tyf lhG;Lsf] n] vf k/LIf0faf6 sfod ePsf] a]?h'sf]
nut :jLs[t 9frfdf /fvL km5\of}{6 u/fpg] / To;sf]
dfl;s ljj/0f a]?h' km5\of}{ 6 d"Nofg / cg'udg ;ldltdf
k7fpg] . a]?h' km5\of}{6sf] jflif{s ljj/0f dxfn] vf lgoGqs
sfof{ nodf ;d]t k7fpg],
-r_ s'g} sfof{ nosf] lgldQ :jLs[t ah]6 /sddf yk /sdsf]
Joj:yf ug{ k/]df jf cfgf] clwsf/ eGbf a9L /sdsf]
/sdfGt/ ug{ k/]df cy{ dGqfnoaf6 lgsf;f u/fO{ k7fpg],
-5_ dftxtsf sfof{noxsf] ;'kl/j]If0f / cg'udg u/L u/fO{
cfly{s cg'zf;g / lgb]{zgx kfng ug{ nufpg],
-h_ dftxtsf sfof{ noxn] n]vfk/LIf0f u/fP jf gu/fPsf] /
u/fPsf]df lg:s]sf] a]?h'sf] hjfkm ;dodf lbP jf glbPsf],
hjfkm jf k|d f0f k] z u/]sf]df km5\ of}{6 eP jf gePsf]
hfgsf/L /fVg] / /]vb]v, lg/LIf0f, cg'udg u/L km5\ of}{6
gePsf]df ug{ nufpg],
-em_ sfo{ ;~rfng sf]if cGtu{t v8f ePsf sf]if tyf cGo
;/sf/L sf]ifsf] lx;fa dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{no /
dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k7fpg],
-`_ k|rlnt sfg"gn] tf]s]sf] cGo sfo{ ug]{ .
-@_ n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tsf] pQ/bfloTjdf ;+j}wflgs c tyf lgsfo /
dGqfnosf cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vsf] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfd st{ Jo x'g]5M
-s_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd ;+j} wflgs c+ u tyf lgsfo /
dGqfnosf] k|ltlglwsf] kdf dftxt sfof{ nosf ljQLo
73
cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnLsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f, cg'udg u/L

sDtLdf jif{sf] b'O{k6s k|ltj]bg k] z ug]{,
-v_ dftxt sfof{noxdf cg'udg ubf{ ;|]:tf b'?:t gePsf]
jf lxgfldgf ePsf] jf k]z ug{ kg]{ k|ltj]bgx lgoldt
kdf k] z gu/]sf] jf o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{ cGo
tf]lsPsf] sfd st{Jo kfngf gu/]sf] kfOPdf o;
lgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf kfngf ug{ lgb]{zg lbO{ ;f]
Joxf]/f vf] nL n]vf pQ/bflo clws[tnfO{ k|ltj]bg lbg] /
;f]sf] hfgsf/L dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nonfO{ ;d] t lbg] .
cfjZos b]lvPdf sf]i f tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no;Fu
;dGjo u/L a} vftf ;d]t /f] Ssf /fVg],
-u_ dftxt sfof{ noxdf sfo{/t cfly{s k|zf;g zfvfsf
k|d'vn] o; lgod adf]lhd sfo{ u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] cg'udg
u/L dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf sDtLdf jif{sf] Ps k6s
k|ltj]bg lbg] .
-#_ ljefuLo k|d' vdf pQ/bfoL /xg] u/L ljefu jf ljefu gePsf
dxfzfvfdf sfo{/t cfly{s k| zf;g zfvfsf k|d' vn] ;d]t pklgod -@_ df
plNnlvt sfd st{ Jo k"/f jf kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!!!= dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{nosf] sfd / st{Jo M P]g tyf o; lgodfjnLdf cGoq
pNn]v ePsf] sfd / st{ Josf] cltl/Qm dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf] cfly{s
k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfd / st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5M
-s_ n]vfsf] 9frf dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ noaf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ k|of]udf Nofpg],
-v_ ljlgof]hg, /fh:j / w/f}6Lsf] s]Gb|Lo n]vf, ;xfotf, cg'bfg, C0f / Jofh
tyf nfef+ zsf] n]vf /fVg], s]Gb|Lo cfly{s ljj/0f agfpg], n]vfk/LIf0fsf]
nflu k]z ug]{,
-u_ ljlgof]hg /fh:j / w/f} 6L n]vfxaf6 s]Gb|Lo cfo Joo n] vf tof/ u/L
dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ noaf6 n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg],
74
-3_ ;l~rt sf]if, cfsl:ds sf]if / cGo ;/sf/L sf]ifsf] lx;fa /fVg] / /fVg
nufpg],
-_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 nufgL ul/Psf /sd / g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt ePsf]
C0fsf] n] vf /fVg],
-r_ ljlgof]hg, /fh:j, w/f}6L, cGo ;/sf/L sf]if / lhG;L tyf df}Hbftsf]
kl/rfng Pj+ cfly{s lgodsf] kl/kfng ;DaGwdf cfjZostfg';f/
sfof{ nosf] lg/LIf0f u/L cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg],
-5_ o; lgodfjnLsf] sfof{Gjog ubf{ cfly{s k| zf;g ;DaGwdf p7]s f
ljjfbxdf /fo lbO{ ;dfwfg ug]{,
-h_ dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] ljefusf] :jLs[t lnO{ /fhZj, ljlgof] hg, w/f} 6L, C0f
nufgL nufot ;fj{hlgs sf]ifsf] sf/f]jf/nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ gub jf
k|f]befaL -Ps'/n_ df cfwfl/t n] vf 9frf / vftf ;" rL agfO{ nfu" ug]{,
-_ o; lgodfjnLsf] sfof{ Gjogsf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]lslbPsf] cGo
sfd ug]{ .
!!@= cy{ dGqfnosf] sfd / st{Jo M P]g tyf o; lgodfjnLdf cGoq pNn] v ePsf]
sfd / st{Josf] cltl/Qm cy{ dGqfnosf] cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfd / st{Jo
b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5M
-s_ s'g} sfof{ nosf] s'g} /sdsf] lgsf;f k"/} jf cf+lzs kn] /f] Sg' k/]df
tb\g';f/ lgsf;f /f]sL dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ no, ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf
lgoGqs sfof{no / ;+j}wflgs c tyf lgsfo / ;DalGwt dGqfnonfO{
;"rgf ug]{,
-v_ s'g} sfof{nosf] :jLs[t ah]6 adf]lhdsf] /sddf gk'u /sdsf] Joj:yf
ug{ jf /sdfGt/ ug{ k/]df ;fna;fnL ljlgof] hg P]gsf] kl/lwleq /xL
lgsf;f lbg] / To;sf] af] wfy{ dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{no / dxfn]vf
lgoGqs sfof{ nonfO{ lbg] .
!!#= cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vsf]
vsf] sfd / st{J o M -!_ sfof{no k|d'vsf]
pQ/bfloTjdf cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d' vsf] sfd / st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
75
-s_ ;fwf/0f ah] 6 th'{d f ug]{ / ljsf; ah]6sf] xsdf of]hgf /

sfo{qmd x]g]{ ;DalGwt zfvf jf dxfzfvf;u ;dGjo u/L
th'{df ug]{ ,
-v_ cfly{s sf/f]j f/;Fu ;DalGwt sfd / lhDd]jf/L axg u/L
o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd lgsf;f dfu ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg],
-u_ lgsf;f ePsf] /sdsf] vr{sf] lx;fa lstfa /Ltk"j{s /fVg],
vr{sf kmf6af/L tyf cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ . To:tf
kmf6af/L Pj+ cfly{s ljj/0f sfof{no k|d'vaf6 :jLs[t
u/fO{ ;dod} ;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fpg] / n] vf k/LIf0f
u/fpg],
-3_ n]vfk/LIf0faf6 sfod x'g cfPsf] a]?h's f] nut /fVg] /
a]?h' km5\ of}{ 6 ug]{ k|d f0f h'6fO{ k]z ug]{ u/fpg] . lgoldt
ug'{ kg]{ ljifox lgoldt ug{ u/fpg k]z ug]{,
-_ cfkm" ;?jf jf a9'j f eO{ hfbf cfgf] lhDdfsf] ;Dk"0f{
;|]:tf, gub / a} df}Hbft, a]?h' nut / clen]vx
xfnjfnf jf lghnfO{ a'emfpg] u/L dftxt sd{rf/LnfO{
a/a'f/y ug]{,
-r_ cfgf] /fo cg';f/ lg0f{ o ePsf] /sd sndsf] xsdf
lhDd]jf/L jxg ug]{,
-5_ sfof{ no k|d' vn] ;'Dk]sf] cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ;DaGwL sfd ug]{
/ cfly{s sf/f]jf/df sfof{no k|d'vnfO{ /fo lbg] .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf sfo{x cfly{s k|zf;g dxfzfvf jf zfvf
k|d'vn] cfgf]] dftxtsf clws[t jf cGo ;xfos sd{rf/LnfO{ sfdsf] af8kmf 8
u/L lhDd]jf/L ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vn] cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ubf{ k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd /Lt k'u] jf gk'u]sf] hfrL /Lt k'u]sf]df e'QmfgLsf] lgldQ k]z ug]{, /Lt
gk'u]sf] jf cfgf]] /fo glnO{ /Lt gk' u]sf] s'g} snd ;b/ e} e'QmfgLsf] lglDt k|fKt
76
x'g cfPdf /Lt gk'u]sf] Joxf]/f lnlvt kdf :ki6 v' nfO{ sfof{no k|d'v ;dIf k] z
u/L sfof{ no k|d'vsf] lnlvt cfb]zfg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ lgod #% sf] pklgod -#_ adf]lhd vr{ ug{ sfof{no k|d' vn] cfb] z
lbPdf cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d' vn] ;f] xL adf]lhd vr{ u/L To:tf] sfd ePsf]
;ft lbg leq To:tf] vr{ ePsf] /sd lgoldt ug{ sfof{no k|d'v ;dIf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 . To;/L k]z x'g cfPsf vr{ lgoldt u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L sfof{no k|d'vsf]
x'g]5 .
-%_ cfly{s k|zf;gdf sfd ug]{ k|To]s kbsf] sfd st{Jo af/] dxfn]vf
lgoGqs sfof{ non] 5'} sfo{ ljj/0f tof/ u/L nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b !#
ljljw
!!$= cfly{s sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL cfGtl/s lgb]{lzsf agfpg
a gfpg ;lsg] M cfgf] dGqfno
cGtu{t ;~rflnt cfof]hgf jf sfo{;u ;DalGwt cfly{s sf/f]jf/nfO{ ;'Jojl:yt
9+uaf6 ;~rfng ug{sf] lgldQ dGqfnon] oL lgodxsf] cwLgdf /xL cy{
dGqfnosf] ;xdlt lnO{ cfly{s sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL cfGtl/s lgb]{lzsf agfO{ nfu"
ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
!!%= clwsf/ k|T ofof]hg M -!_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd Joj:yf ePsf ldGxf lbg],
of]hgf :jLs[t ug]{, nfut cg'dfg ;+zf]wg ug]{, sa'lnotgfdf ;+zf]wg ug]{ clwsf/
k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
-@_ pklgod -!_ df plNnlvt clwsf/x afx]s o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd
Joj:yf ePsf c? clwsf/x ;f] clwsf/ k| of]u ug]{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln]
cfgf] pQ/bfloTjdf ;DalGwt clws[tnfO{ k|Tofof] hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/ cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d' vsf] /fo lnO{ lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{ ljifosf] clwsf/
k|Tofof]hg ubf{ cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'v eGbf dflyNnf] txsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ug'{
kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ sf] k|lts'n gx'g] u/L ;DalGwt ;lrjn] cfgf]]
pQ/bfloTjdf vftf ;~rfng nufot cfly{s k| zf;g ;DaGwL clwsf/ cfly{s
k|zf;g zfvf k|d' vnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg] 5 . cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vn]
77
cfgf]] pQ/bfloTjdf cfk"m cGtu{tsf sd{rf/LnfO{ vftf ;~rfng nufot n]vf

;DaGwL sfo{sf] af8kmf8 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd clwsf/ k|Tofof] hg ug]{ clwsf/Ln] cfkm" n]
k|Tofof]hg u/]sf] clwsf/sf ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt clwsf/Laf6 a/fa/ cfjZos
hfgsf/L lnO{ /fVg' kg]{ 5 .
!!^= n]vfk/LIf0f u/fO{ dfq /dfgf lbg] M -!_ cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ug]{ sfof{no k|d'v /
cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vsf] ;?jf x'b f lghxsf] kfnfsf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f
u/fO{ ePsf] hjfkm jf k|df0f k] z ug{ nufO{ xfnjfnfnfO{ jf xfnjfnfnfO{ a'fpg]
u/L dftxt sd{rf/LnfO{ a'emfO{ a/a'f/y ePkl5 dfq /dfgf lng' lbg' kg]{5 .
a'em\g]n] klg ;f] adf]lhd a'llnO{ clGtd n] vfk/LIf0fsf] hjfkmb]xL lng' kg]{5 .
o:tf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] klg cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0f tTsfn ul/lbg' kg]{5 . a/ a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ JolQmn] ;]| :tf tof/ u/L
cfGtl/s n] vfk/LIf0fsf] nflu ;ft lbg leq k] z ug'{ kg]{5 . cfGtl/s
n]vfk/LIf0faf6 lg:s]sf] a]?h'sf] hjfkm klg ;ft lbg leq lbO{ a/a'f/y ;DkGg
u/L lghfdtL ;]jf ;DaGwL k| rlnt sfg"gn] tf]s]sf] ;doleq /dfgf lnO{ ;Sg'
kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f gu/fO{ /dfgf lbg g;lsg]
cj:yf ePdf ;DalGwt ;lrjsf] :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq /dfgf lbg' kg]{5 . ;|]:tf k] z
gug]{, cfGtl/s n] vfk/LIf0f gug]{ gu/fpg] / hjfkm lbg cfn6fn ug]{ pk/
ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{' kg]{5 .
!!&= ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt u7g ug{ ;lsg] M s'g} cfof]hgf jf sfof{no jf ljefunfO{
lgdf{0f ;' wf/ ;DaGwL sfddf u+e L/ k| fljlws, cfly{s / ;fdflhs ;d:of ;[hgf e}
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogdf afwf kg]{ l:ylt pTkGg ePdf Joxf]/f vf] nL ;DalGwt ;lrj
;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;DalGwt ;lrjn] cfgf] / cfjZostf eP cGo dGqfnosf
lj1 sd{rf/L ;d]t ;dfj] z ePsf] ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt u7g u/L ;f] ;ldltsf]
l;kmfl/; cg';f/ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg' kg]{5 .
78
!!*= clwsf/df x:tIf]k ug{ gx'g] M -!_ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd s'g} clwsf/ k| of]u
ug{ kfpg] u/L clwsf/ k|fKt u/]sf clwsf/Lsf] clwsf/df tfn's sfof{ no jf
kbflwsf/Ln] x:tIf]k ug{ kfOg] 5}g . clwsf/sf] b'kof]u ePsf] eGg] tfn's
sfof{ nonfO{ nfu]d f tTsfn tT;DaGwL 5fglag ug{ sd{rf/L v6fpg] jf ;Dk"0 f{
Aoxf]/f v' nfO{ tT;DaGwL 5fglag ug]{ lgsfodf cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yfn] tfn's sfof{nosf] ;' kl/j]If0f,
cg'udg ug]{, lgb]{zg lbg] clwsf/nfO{ ;Lldt u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
!!(= gub df}Hbft /fVg ;lsg]
;lsg] M -!_ sfof{non] b}lgs kdf ug'{ kg{] ;fgfltgf vr{sf]
nflu s]Gb|Lo :t/sf sfof{noxn] kRrL; xhf/ k}of;Dd / cGo sfof{noxn]
kGw| xhf/ k}of;Dd s'g} sd{rf/Lsf] gfddf k]ZsL hgfO{ gub df}Hbft /fVg
;Sg]5 . o;af6 vr{ ePsf] /sdsf] ljn e/kfO{ k] z u/L zf]wegf{ lng' kg]{5 .
k|To]s jif{s f] cfiff9 @% ut] leq afsL /x]sf] gub df}Hbft a} bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] df}Hbftaf6 sfd grNg] ePdf
dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ nosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ gub df}Hbft /fVg] xb a9fpg ;lsg]5 .
!@)= r]ssf] e'QmfgL cjlw M ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 e'QmfgLsf] lgldQ lvlrPsf] r]ssf]
e'QmfgL cjlw tL; lbgsf] x'g]5 .
!@!= a}7s eQf M o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd u7g ePsf ;ldltxsf] a}7s sfof{ no
;doleq x'g g;sL sfof{no ;do cl3 jf kl5 ug'{ k/]d f To:tf] a} 7sdf pkl:yt
x'g] ;b:onfO{ cy{ dGqfnon] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] b/df a} 7s eQf lbOg]5 .
!@@= lgb]{lzsf agfpg ;lsg] M -!_ o; lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ePsf s'g} s'/f k|i6 u/L
cfjZos lgb]{lzsf agfpg kg]{ b]lvPdf dxfn] vf lgoGqs sfof{ non] lgb]{lzsf
agfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ax'jifL{ o cfof] hgf ;~rfngsf nflu 5'} lgb]{lzsf
agfO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!@#= cfly{s bfloTj kg]{ ljifodf cy{ dGqfnosf] ;xdlt lng' kg]{ M o;
lgodfjnLdf pNn]v ePsf]d f afx]s s'g} klg sfof{non] yk ;'ljwf j[l4 u/L
cfly{s bfloTj kg]{ lg0f{o ubf{ u/fpb f jf s'g} sfo{ ug'{ kbf{ cy{ dGqfnosf] k" j{
;xdlt lnPsf] x'g' kg]{ 5 .
79
!@$= cg';"rLdf x]/km]/ jf yk36 M g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;" rgf k|sfzg u/L
cg';"rLdf cfjZos x]/km]/ jf yk36 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!@%= vf/]hL tyf arfp M -!_ cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL lgodfjnL, @)%^ vf/]h ul/Psf]
5.
-@_ cfly{s k| zf;g ;DaGwL lgodfjnL, @)%^ adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfd
sf/afxLx o;} lgodfjnL adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
80
cg';"rL!
-lgod @! sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
jflif{s sfo{qmd
!= cf=j= M !)= jflif{s ah]6 ?= M !!= cfof]hgfsf] s' n nfut M z'?sf] ;+zf]lwt
@= ah]6 pkzLif{s g+= M -s_ cfGtl/s -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M -s_ cfGtl/s -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M
#= dGqfno M -@_ ;+: yfM -@_ ;+: yf M
$= ljefu ;+:yf M -#_ hg;xeflutf M -#_ hg;xeflutf M
%= sfo{qmd cfof]hgfsf] gfd M -v_ j}b]lzs -!_ C0f M -v_ j}b]lzs -!_ C0f M
^= :yfg M -s_ lhNnf M -@_ cg'bfg M -@_ cg'bfg M
-v_ uf=lj=;=g=kf=j8f g+= M !@= ut cf=j= ;Ddsf vr{ ?= -;f]em} e'QmfgL / j:t'u t ;d]t_
&= cfof]hgf z'? ePsf] ldlt M -u_ bft[ ;+: yf M -s_ cfGtl/s -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ M
*= cfof]hgf k"/f x'g] ldlt M -@_ ;+: yf M
(= cfof]hgfsfof{no k|d'vsf] gfd M -#_ hg;xeflutf M
-v_ a}b]lzs -!_ C0f M
-@_ cg'bfg M
-/sd ?= xhf/df_
qm=;+= sfo{qmd PsfO{ cfof]hgfsf] s'n ;Dk"0f{ sfo{dWo] ut jflif{s nIo k|yd rf}dfl;s bf];|f] rf}dfl;s t];|f] rf}dfl;s s}lkmot
lqmofsnfk lqmofsnfksf] cf=j= ;Ddsf]
kl/df0f nfut ef/ ;DkGg efl/t ;"rs ef/ ah]6 ;"rs ef/ ah]6 ;"rs ef/ ah]6 ;"rs ef/ ah]6
kl/df0f k|utL
! @ # $ % ^ & * ( !) !! !@ !# !$ !% !^ !& !* !( @) @!
-s_ hDdf
-v_ k|zf;lgs vr{
-u_ s'n hDdf
cfof]hgfsfof{no k|d'v M ljefuLo;+:yf k|d'v M k|dfl0ft ug]{ M

ldlt M ldlt M ldlt M
81
kmf/fd eg]{ lgb]{lzsf M

ljsf; cfof]hgfxsf] k|To]s cfly{s jif{df ul/g] jflif{ s sfo{qmd o; kmf/fdsf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug'{ kb{5 / :jLs[t ug]{ lgsfoaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] x'g' kb{5 . of]
kmf/fd clVtof/L k7fpFbf Ps k| lt ;+nUg /fvL k7fpg' kb{5 . kmf/fd eg]{ lgb]{lzsf o; k| sf/ 5 M
dxn g+= ! qmd ;+Vof M cfof]hgfsf] ;Dk"0f{ sfo{xsf] qmd ;+Vof n]Vg] .
dxn g+= @ sfo{qmdlqmofsnfkx M cfof]hgfsf] lgwf{ l/t p2] Zo xfl;n ug{ ul/g] ef} lts sfo{x / To; cGt/utsf lqmofsnfkx gfKg ;lsg] PsfO{xdf
ljefhg u/L pNn]v ug]{ .
dxn g+= # PsfO{M dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt lqmofsnfksf] kl/df0f, ;+Vof cflb hgfpg] h:t} M uf]6f, 3g ld6/, lsnf] ld6/, hgf, k|ltzt
cflb pNn]v ug]{ .
cfof]hgfsf] s'n lqmofsnfksf] cGt/ut tLg dxnx 5g\ M

dxn g+= $ kl/df0fM ;Dk"0f{ cfof]hgf, cjlwe/df ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{ k|To]s lqmofsnfk -dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt lqmofsnfk_ sf] s"n ef}lts
kl/df0f / ;+Vof cflb pNn]v ug]{ .
dxn g+= % nfutM dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt lqmofsnfk k"/f ug{ Pk|]h n cg';f/ nfUg] /sd pNn]v ug]{ .
dxn g+= ^ ef/M k|To]s lqmofsnfksf] ef/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ ;DalGwt lqmofsnfkxsf] dxn g+= % df 5'6\ofOPsf] nfutnfO{ !)) n] u' 0fg u/L
;f]xL dxnsf] x/km -s_ sf] hDdf /sdn] efu u/L cfpg] c+znfO{ n]Vg] .
;Dk"0f{ sfo{ dWo] ut cf=j= ;Ddsf] cGt/ut b'O{ dxnx 5g\ M

dxn g+= & ;DkGg kl/df0fM cfof]hgf z'? ePb]lv of] sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ul/g] jif{ eGbf cl3Nnf] jif{ -ut cf=j=_ ;Dd ;DkGg u/L ;s]sf] ;DalGwt
lqmofsnfkxsf] kl/df0f ;+Vof cflb pNn] v ug]{ .
82
dxn g+= * efl/t k|ultM ut cf=j= ;Dd ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf ;DalGwt lqmofsnfkxsf] k|u lt cfof]hgf cjlwe/sf nflu lgwf{ l/t ef/sf] cfwf/df
k|ltzt pNn] v ug]{ . efl/t k|u lt lgsfNbf To; cjlw ;Ddsf] k|ult / s" n lqmofsnfksf] cg'kftnfO{ To; lqmofsnfksf]
lgwf{l/t ef/n] u'0fg ug'{ kb{ 5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu x] 8 jS;{ lgdf{0fsf] s'n lqmofsnfk -!))_ dWo] ut cf=j= ;Ddsf]
k|ult %) k|ltzt eof] / x]8 jS;{sf] ef/ ^) 5 eg] ut cf=j= ;Ddsf] efl/t k|ultM
k|ult ef/ %) ^) #) k|ltzt x'G5 .
nIo !))
jflif{s nIo cGt/ut tLg dxnx 5g\ M
dxn g+= ( ;"rs M dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt lqmofsnfksf] :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd cg';f/sf ;"rs -;+Vof, kl/df0f cflb_ pNn] v ug]{
dxn g+= !) ef/M k|To]s lqmofsnfksf] ef/ lgwf{/ 0f ubf{ ;DalGwt lqmofsnfksf] dxn g+= !! df 5'6\ofO{Psf] ah]6nfO{ !)) n] u'0fg u/L ;f]lx
dxnsf] x/km -s_ sf] hDdf /sdn] efu u/L cfpg] c+ znfO{ /fVg] . pbfx/0fsf] nflu l;+rfO{ cfof]hgfsf] s'n ah] 6 ?= %% nfv 5
/ ;f] ah]6 dWo] x]8 jS;{ lgdf{0fsf] nflu ?= #) nfv, gx/ lgdf{0fsf] nflu ?= !) nfv, kfO{k sNe6{sf] nflu ?= !) nfv /
k|zf;lgs vr{ ? % nfv 5 eg] oL lqmofsnfkxsf] ef/ qmdzM o; k|sf/ lgsfNg' kb{5 M
s'n ah]6 ?= %% nfv dWo] k|zf;lgs vr{ ?= % nfv ePsf] n] k| zf;lgs vr{ s6fO{ afsL x'g cfpg] cfof]hgfsf] s'n /sd ?=
%) nfv eof] . ctM
x]8 jS;{ lgdf{0fsf] ef/ M #) !)) ^)
%)
gx/ lgdf{0fsf] ef/ M !) !)) @)
%)
83
kfO{k sNe6{sf] ef/ M !) !)) @)

%)
k|zf;lgs vr{ sf] ef/ x'+b}g / s'n ef/ !)) x'g' kb{5 .
dxn g+= !! ah]6 M :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd cg';f/sf k|To]s sfo{qmd jf lqmofsnfkx k"/f ug{ 5'6\ofO{Psf] /sd n]Vg] .
rf}dfl;s ljefhg x M
k|yd rf}dfl;s ;Ddsf] nIo dxndf eg'{ kbf{ jflif{s nIonfO{ dWo] gh/ /fvL k| yd, ltLo / t[tLo rf}dfl;s cjlwdf ljefhg
ug'{ kb{5 . ;"rsdf pNn]v ePsf] kl/df0fnfO{ sfo{ of]hgf agfO{ s'g rf}dfl;s cjlwdf s] slt kl/df0f ;DkGg ug{ ;lsg] xf]
To:sf] cfwf/df ljefhg u/L b]xfo adf]lhd /fVg' kb{5 M
dxn g+= !@, !% / !* ;"rsM dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt lqmofsnfksf] dxn g+= ( df plNnlvt ;"r snfO{ tLg rf}dfl;sdf ljefhg ug'{ kb{5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu
x]8 jS;{ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] jflif{ s ;"rs !%) ld6/ eP oxL !%) ld6/nfO{ tLg rf}dfl;sdf a/fa/ jf sfo{ of]hgf cg';f/ 36L a9L
u/L ljefhg ug{ ;lsG5 .
dxn g+= !#, !^ / !( ef/M dxn g+= !) df plNnlvt jflif{s ef/nfO{ ;" rssf] kl/df0fsf] cg'kftdf rf}dfl;s ef/ ljefhg ug'{ kb{5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu x]8
jS;{ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] jflif{s ef/ ^) ePsf]df ;"r ssf] rf}dfl;s ljefhg a/fa/ ePsf] cj:yfdf k|To]s rf}dfl;s ef/sf] ljefhg
@)@) x'G5 . ;"rs !%) ld6/sf] rf}dfl;s ljefhg qmdzM ), %) / !)) eP rf}dfl;s ef/sf] ljefhg klg qmdzM ), @) /
$) x'G5 .
84
dxn g+= !$, !& / @) ah]6M :jLs[t jflif{ s sfo{qmd cg';f/sf k|To]s sfo{qmd jf lqmofsnfkx k"/f ug{ 5' 6\ofO{Psf] jflif{s /sdnfO{ dxn g+= ( df plNnlvt
jflif{s ;"rssf] kl/df0fsf] cg'kftdf rf}dfl;s ah]6 ljefhg ug'{ kb{5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu x]8 jS;{ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] jflif{s ;"r s
!%) ld6/ / o; lqmofsnfksf] s' n ah]6 ?= #) nfv ePsf]df ;"rssf] rf}dfl;s ljefhgsf] cg'kftdf ah]6sf] rf}dfl;s af+ 8kmf+ 8
ug'{ kb{5 . lqmofsnfksf] ;"r s k|To]s rf}dfl;sdf a/fa/ ePsf] cj:yfdf ah]6sf] ljefhg ?= !)!) nfv x'G5 . ;"rs !%)
ld6/sf] rf}dfl;s ljefhg qmdzM ), %) / !)) eP rf}dfl;s ah]6sf] ljefhg klg qmdzM ?= ), !) / @) nfv x'G5 .
x/km tkm{
x/km tkm{ ;a} sfo{qmd lqmofsnfkx pNn] v u/L ;s] kl5 hf]8 hDdf ug'{ kb{5 .
x/km -s_ hDdf M -!_ dxn g+= #,$,(,!@,!%,!* df plNnlvt lqmofsnfkxsf] PsfO{ / ;"rsxsf] hDdf ug'{ gkg]{,
-@_ dxn g+= %,^,*,!),!!,!#,!$,!^,!&,!(,@) df plNnlvt lqmofsnfkxsf] nfut, ef/, ah]6 / vr{ /sdxsf] 7f8f] hf]8 u/L
x'g cfpg] /sd n]Vg],
x/km -v_ k|zf;lgs vr{ M -!_ dxn g+= #,$,&,(,!),!@,!#,!%,!^ df eg'{ gkg]{,
-@_ dxn g+= % / !! df k|zf;lgs vr{ sf] nflu 5' 6\ofO{Psf] /sd pNn]v ug]{,
-#_ dxn g+= !$,!& / @) df dxn g+= !! df k|zf;lgs vr{ sf] 5'6\ofO{Psf] jflif{ s /sdsf] rf}dfl;s af8kmf8 /sd pNn]v ug]{,
x/km -u_ s'n hDdfM -!_ x/km -s_ / x/km -v_ df ePsf] c+s hf]8]/ n]Vg],
85
cg';"rL@
-lgod @) sf] pklgod -@_ / lgod @% sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
g]kfn ;/sf/
================== dGqfno
sfof{nocfof]hgf
cf=j= =============== sf] =================== cjlw;Ddsf] nIo k|ult ljj/0f
ah]6 pkzLif{ s g+= ======================= -/sd ?= xhf/df_
qmd ;+Vof sfo{qmd PsfO{ jflif{s nIo o; ============ cjlw;Ddsf] nIo o; ========== cjlw;Ddsf] ef}lts o; ============= s}lkmot
lqmofsnfkx k|ult cjlw;Ddsf] vr{
;"rs ef/ ah]6 ;"rs ef/ ah]6 ;"rs ef/ k|ltzt /sd ?= k|ltzt
! @ # $ % ^ & * ( !) !! !@ !# !$ !%
-s_ hDdf
-v_ k|zf;lgs
vr{
-u_ s'n hDdf
of]hgf zfvf k|d'v cfly{ s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'v sfof{no k|d'v
86
kmf/fd eg]{ lgb]{lzsf M

cfof]hgfsf] lgwf{l/t cjlwdf ul/Psf] sfdsf] k|u lt ljj/0f tof/ ug{ of] kmf/fd k|of]u ug'{ kb{ 5 . cfly{ s jif{ sf] k|To]s rf/ dlxgf -rf}dfl;s_, 5 dlxgf -
cw{jflif{s_ / Ps jif{ -jflif{s_ nfO{ k| ltj]bg cjlw dflgg]5 . k|ltj]bg tof/ ubf{ h'g cjlwsf] nflu tof/ ug{ nfluPsf] xf], ;f] cjlw, zLif{ s / dxnxsf] vfln
7fpdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fdfGotof rf}dfl;s nIo ljefhg x'g] ePsf]n] cw{jflif{ s k|ltj]bg k7fpg' kbf{ bf];|f] rf} dfl;s cjlwsf] ;"r s, ef/ / ah]6sf] cfwf efu
/ k|yd rf}dfl;s cjlwsf] ;"r s, ef/ / ah]6 hf]8L To; cjlwsf] nIo lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . k|u lt; u cfj4 ePsf cfof]hgf jf sfof{noxsf] tfn' s sfof{nodf /
sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf of] kmf/fd adf]lhd k|ult ljj/0f k7fpg' kb{5 . of] kmf/fd lgDg cg';f/ eg'{ kb{5 M
dxn g+= ! qmd ;+Vof M cfof]hgfsf] ;Dk"0f{ sfo{xsf] qmd ;+Vof n]Vg] .
dxn g+= @ sfo{qmdlqmofsnfkx M :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd cg';f/sf ;a} sfo{qmd / lqmofsnfkx n]Vg] .
dxn g+= # PsfO{M dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt lqmofsnfksf] kl/df0f, ;+Vof cflb hgfpg] h:t} M uf]6f, 3g ld6/, lsnf] ld6/, hgf, k|ltzt
cflb pNn]v ug]{ .
jflif{s nIo cGt/ut tLg dxnx 5g\ M
dxn g+= $ ;"rs M dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt lqmofsnfksf] :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd cg';f/sf ;"rs -;+Vof, kl/df0f cflb_ pNn] v ug]{
dxn g+= % ef/M k|To]s lqmofsnfksf] ef/ lgwf{/ 0f ubf{ ;DalGwt lqmofsnfksf] dxn g+= ^ df 5'6\ofO{Psf] ah]6nfO{ ;f]lx dxnsf] hDdf
/sd k|zf;lgs vr{ s6fO{ afsL x'g cfpg] cfof]hgfsf] s' n /sd cyf{t dxn g+= ^ sf] hDdf -s_ df ePsf] /sdn] efu
u/L x'g cfpg] c+znfO{ k|ltztdf /fVg] . pbfx/0fsf] nflu l;+rfO{ cfof]hgfsf] s'n ah]6 ?= %% nfv 5 / ;f] ah] 6 dWo]
x]8 jS;{ lgdf{0fsf] nflu ?= #) nfv, gx/ lgdf{0fsf] nflu ?= !) nfv, kfO{k sNe6{sf] nflu ?= !) nfv / k|zf;lgs
vr{ ?= % nfv 5 eg] oL lqmofsnfkxsf] ef/ qmdzM o; k|sf/ lgsfNg' kb{5 M
s'n ah] 6 ?= %% nfv dWo] k| zf;lgs vr{ ?= % nfv ePsf] n] k|zf;lgs vr{ s6fO{ afsL x'g cfpg] cfof]hgfsf] s'n
/sd ?= %) nfv eof] . ctM
87
x]8 jS;{ lgdf{0fsf] ef/ M #) !)) ^)

%)
gx/ lgdf{0fsf] ef/ M !) !)) @)
%)
kfO{k sNe6{sf] ef/ M !) !)) @)
%)
k|zf;lgs vr{ sf] ef/ x'+b}g / s'n ef/ !)) x'g' kb{5 .
dxn g+= ^ ah]6 M :jLs[t aflif{ s sfo{qmd cg';f/sf k|To]s sfo{qmd jf lqmofsnfkx k"/f ug{ 5'6\ofO{Psf] /sd n]Vg] .
o; ============== cjlw;Ddsf] nIo cGt/ut tLg dxnx 5g\ M
o; ============== cjlw;Ddsf] nIo dxndf eg'{ kbf{ rfn" cfly{ s jif{sf] cl3Nnf] ========= cjlwsf] ;" rs, ef/, ah] 6 ;d]t
hf]8L x'g cfpg] ;"r s, ef/, ah]6sf] nIo n]Vg' kb{ 5 . t/ k| yd ========= cjlwsf] nIodf cl3Nnf] cjlw x'+b}g . rfn'
cfly{ s jif{sf] clGtd cjlwsf] k|ltj]bgdf jflif{s nIonfO{ g} o; =========== cjlw;Ddsf] nIodf pNn] v ug'{ kb{5 .
dxn g+= & ;"rsM dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt lqmofsnfksf] :jLs[t jflif{ s sfo{qmd cg' ;f/sf ;"r s -;+Vof, kl/df0f cflb_ dWo] o; ===========
cjlw;Ddsf] ;" rs pNn] v ug]{ .
dxn g+= * ef/M o; ============== cjlw;Ddsf] ef/ pNn]v ug]{ .
dxn g+= ( ah]6M o; ============== cjlw;Ddsf] ah]6 pNn] v ug]{ .
o; =========== cjlw;Ddsf] ef}lts k|u lt cGt/ut tLg dxnx 5g\ M

dxn g+= !) ;"rsM dxn g+= & df plNnlvt ;"r s dWo] o; =========== cjlw cjlw ;Dddf ;DkGg ePsf] k|u lt ;"r s pNn]v ug]{ .
88
dxn g+= !! ef/M dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt k|To]s lqmofsnfksf] o; ============ cjlw;Ddsf] ef/nfO{ ef} lts k|u ltdf pNn] v ubf{
b]xfoadf]lhd lx;fa u/L x'g cfpg] ef/ pNn]v ug]{ M
k|ult ;"r s ef/ dxn g+= !) dxn g+= * lqmofsnfksf] k|u lt ef/
nIo ;"rs dxn g+= &
dxn g+= !@ k|ltztM dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt k|To]s lqmofsnfksf] o; ======== cjlw;Ddsf] ef} lts k|ultnfO{ pNn]v ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhd lx;fa u/L x'g cfpg]
ef/ pNn]v ug]{ M
dxn g+= !! !)) k|ltzt lqmofsnfksf] ef}lts k|u lt k|ltzt
dxn g+= *
o; ========== cjlw;Ddsf] vr{ cGt/ut b'O{ dxnx 5g\ M
dxn g+= !# /sd ?=M dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt k|To]s lqmofsnfksf] o; ========= cjlw;Ddsf] vr{ pNn]v ug]{ M
dxn g+= !$ k|ltztM dxn g+= @ df plNnlvt k|To]s lqmofsnfksf] o; ========= cjlw;Ddsf] vr{ k| ltztdf pNn]v ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhd lx;fa u/L x'g cfpg]
k|ltzt pNn]v ug]{ M
dxn g+= !# !)) k|ltzt lqmofsnfksf] vr{ k|ltzt
dxn g+= (
dxn g+= !% s}lkmotM cGo s'/f eP v'nfpg] .
x/km tkm{
x/km tkm{ ;a} sfo{qmdlqmofsnfkx pNn] v u/L ;s] kl5 hf]8 hDdf ug'{ kb{5 .
x/km -s_ hDdf M -!_ dxn g+= #,$,&,!),!% df plNnlvt lqmofsnfkxsf] PsfO{ / ;"rsxsf] hDdf ug'{ gkg]{,
-@_ dxn g+= %,^,*,(,!!,!# df plNnlvt lqmofsnfkxsf] ef/, ah]6 / vr{ /sdxsf] 7f8f] hf]8 u/L x'g cfpg] /sd n]Vg],
89
-#_ dxn g+= !@ sf] k|ltzt pNn] v ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhd lx;fa u/L x'g cfpg] k|ltzt pNn]v ug]{ M
x/km -s_ hDdfsf] dxn g+= !! !)) k|ltzt hDdf ef}lts k|ult k| ltzt
x/km -s_ hDdfsf] dxn g+= *
x/km -v_ k|zf;lgs vr{ M -!_ dxn g+= #,$,%,&,*,!),!!,!@,!% df eg'{ gkg]{,
-@_ dxn g+= ^ df k|zf;lgs vr{ sf] nflu 5' 6\ofO{Psf] jflif{s /sd pNn]v ug]{,
-#_ dxn g+= ( df k|zf;lgs vr{ sf] nflu 5'6\ofO{Psf] o; ========= cjlw;Ddsf] /sd pNn] v ug]{,
-$_ dxn g+= !# df k|zf;lgs vr{ sf] nflu 5'6\ofO{Psf] /sd dWo] o; ========= cjlw;Ddsf] vr{ pNn] v ug]{,
-%_ dxn g+= !$ df k|ltzt pNn]v ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhd lx;fa u/L x'g cfpg] k|ltzt pNn]v ug]{ M
x/km -v_ k|zf;lgs vr{sf] dxn g+= !# !)) k|ltzt k|zf;lgs vr{ k|ltzt
x/km -v_ k|zf;lgs vr{sf] dxn g+= (
x/km -u_ s'n hDdf M -!_ dxn g+= #,$,&,!),!% df eg'{ gkg]{,
-@_ dxn g+= %,*,!!,!@ df x/km -s_ hDdfdf ePsf] c+snfO{ n]Vg],
-#_ dxn g+= ^,(,!# df x/km -s_ / x/km -v_ df ePsf] c+s hf]8]/ n]Vg],
-$_ dxn g+= !$ df x/km -u_ dxn g+= !# nfO{ x/km -u_ dxn g+= ( n] efu u/L !)) n] u'0fg ubf{ cfpg] k|ltzt n]V g] .
90
cg';"rL#
-lgod @# sf] pklgod -!_ ;u ;DalGwt_
cfof]hgf :jLs[lt cfwf/ / tl/sf
!= cfof]hgf :jLs[ltsf] cfwf/
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] lgDg ;"rgf Pj+ hfgsf/Lsf] cfwf/df dfq cfof]hgf jf
sfo{qmd :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 .
!=! cfof]hgfsf] k/]vf
!=!=! cfof]hgfsf] p2] Zo
!=!=@ cfof]hgfsf] If]q
!=!=# cfof]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog cjlw
!=@ cfof]hgfsf] s"n nfut cg'dfg ?=
!=@=! ljsf; tyf lgdf{0f nfut
!=@=@ ;~rfng nfut
!=@=# cGo -cg'bfg lbg' kg]{ eP ;f] v' nfpg]_
!=# nfut Joxf]l/g] ;|f]t
!=#=! g]kfn ;/sf/
!=#=@ afo ;xof]u
C0f
cg'bfg
!=$ cfof]hgfaf6 k|fKt x'g] k|ltkmn
!=$=! pTkfbg j[ldf k'Ug] ;xof] u jf of]ubfg
!=$=@ /f]huf/Ldf x'g] a[l
!=$=# cfof]hgfsf] cfGtl/s k|ltkmn
!=$=$ cGo cfly{s ;fdflhs k|ltkmn
cfly{sM
;fdflhsM
!=% cfof]hgfsf] cfly{s ljZn]if0f
!=%=! nfut nfesf] cg'dflgt cg'kft
!=%=@ nfut k|e fjsf/Ltfsf] cg'dfg
91
!=^ cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog / vr{ tflnsf

aif{ k|d'v sfo{ / kl/df0f nfut cg'dfg
k|d'v OsfO{ kl/df0f ljsf; ;~rfng cGo hDdf
sfo{ lgdf{0f
!=& cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZos kg]{ hgan / k|d' v lgdf{0f ;fdu|L
!=&=! cfjZos kg]{ hgan
jif{ ;+Vof
!=&=@ lgdf{0f ;fdu|L

jif{ lgdf{0f ;fdu|L ljj/0f OsfO{ kl/df0f
!=* cfof]hgf ;~rfng k|: tfj

cfof]hgf r/0fsf] sfo{ ;DkGg eO;s]kl5 ;~rfng cj:yfdf s;/L To;sf]
;~rfng ul/g] xf], ;~rfng vr{ slt nfUg ;Sb5 / slt cfo cfh{g ug{ ;lsG5
jf pkef]QmfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f slxn] ug]{ ;f] v' nfpg' kb{5 .
!=*=! ;~rfng k|aGw
!=*=@ vr{ cg'dfgM sDtLdf tLg jif{sf] nflu
!=*=# pkef]QmfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ul/g] of]hgf eP g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;xof]u cfjZos
kg]{ jf gkg]{M
!=*=$ ;Defljt cfo cfh{g sDtLdf tLg jif{sf]
92
@= cfof]hgfsf] :jLs[t lbg] k|lqmof / clwsf/LM

-!_ k|:tfljt cfof]hgf /fli6o ljsf;sf] p2]Zo, If]qut (Sectoral)
sfof{gLlt cg's"n 5 5}g Pj+ :jLs[t cfjlws of] hgfdf ;dfj]z ePsf] xf]
xf]Og eGg] ;DaGwdf dGqfnon] /fli6 o of] hgf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'
kg]{5 .
-@_ cfof]hgfsf] sfdsf] nflu k|:tfj ul/Psf] vr{sf cfwf/x k|rlnt d"No,
nfe, nfut vr{sf] cfwf/df dgfl;a 5 eGg] l;kmfl/; cfof]hgf, k|ltj]bg
k|:t't ug]{ ljefuLo k|d'vn] u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5 .
-#_ /fli6o of] hgf cfof]usf] k/fdz{nfO{ Wofgdf /fvL ;DalGwt dGqfnon] lgDg
adf]lhd cfof]hgfsf] :jLs[lt Pj+ sfof{Gjog ug]{5 .
-s_ :jLs[t cfjlws of]hgfdf ;dfj] z ePsf] Pj+ To;df pNn]v eP
adf]lhd g} k|:tfljt cfof]hgfsf] nfe Pj+ vr{ x'g] b]lvPsf] /
/fli6o of]hgf cfof] usf] klg cg's"n /fo ePsf]df ;DalGwt
dGqfnon] :jLs[lt lbg] .
-v_ :jLs[t /fli6o cfjlws of]hgfdf ;dfj]z gePsf] jf ;f] of]hgfdf
5'6\ofOPsf] eGbf a9L cfly{s bfloTj kg]{ u/L cfof] hgf sfof{Gjog
ug'{ kg]{ ePdf /fli6o of] hgf cfof]u / cy{ dGqfnosf] /fo lng'
kg]{5 .
-u_ /fli6o of] hgf cfof]u jf cy{ dGqfnosf] /fo cg's"n gePdf ;f]
/fox pNn] v u/L ;DalGwt dGqfnon] g]kfn ;/sf/ -dlGqkl/ifb\_
df k|:tfj k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] ;DaGwdf ePsf] lg0f{ o cg';f/
x'g]5 .
-$_ cfof]hgf k|:tfj k] z ubf{ ;f] cfof] hgf ;DkGg eP kl5 ;f] cfof]hgf ;'rf?
Pj+ lbuf] ?kdf ;~rfng ug]{ cfof]hgf ;~rfng of]hgf k|:tfj (Project
Operation Plan) klg cfof] hgf k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug]{ ljefuLo k|d'vn]
l;kmfl/; ;fy k] z u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5 .
93
-%_ dfly plNnlvt cfwf/xsf] cltl/Qm cfof]hgfsfof{ nonfO{ cg'zf;gzLn

Pj+ ;'b[9 u/fpg] k| of] hgsf nflu cfjZos k|lqmofx g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;do
;dodf :ki6 ul/lbg ;Sg]5 .
94
cg';"rL$
-lgod @* sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
C0fcg'bfg -;f]wegf{ x'g]_ /sd k|of]usf] k|ltj]bg kmf/fd
cf=j= ======== sf] =========== rf}dfl;s ;Ddsf] cj:yf
of]hgfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf M
pkzLif{s g+=M
;+of]hs jf ;f]wegf{ dfu ug]{ clwsf/Lsf] gfd / ;Dks{ 6]lnkmf]g g+=M
bft[ ;+:yf M
C0f / cg'bfg g+=M
C0f / cg'bfg z' ? x'g] ldlt M
C0f / cg'bfg aGb x'g] ldlt M o; cf=j= sf] :jLs[t ah]6 -;f]wegf{x'g] u/L_ M
=========== d'b|fdf g]kfnL ?k}ofdf
Sof6f]uf]/L Sof6f]uf]/Lsf] ;Demf}tfdf ut cf=j= o; cf=j= df afsL afsL b/vf:t kq vr{ ePsf] t/ afsL C0f / o; cf=j=sf]
Joj:yf ePsf] ;Ddsf] k| fKt k| fKt /sd ljlgdo b/ k] z ePsf] d f b/vf:t kq cg' bfg /sd af sL cjlwdf s}lkmot
g+= gfd
s'n /sd /sd k|fKt x'g afsL k]z ug{ afsL vr{ x'g]
/sd /sd cg'dflgt /sd
! @ # $ % ^#-$%_ & *^ & ( !) !! *-(!)_ !@
cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vM sfof{no / of]hgf k|d'v M
ldlt M ldlt M
b|i6Jo M
-!_ of] kmf/fd lgod #& adf]lhd ;f]wegf{ dfu ug]{ kbflwsf/Ln] tof/ ug'{ kb{5 .
-@_ rf}dfl;s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] kGw| lbg leq dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no / tfn's ljefu / dGqfnodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
95
cg';"rL%
-lgod @& sf] pklgod -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
C0f / cg'bfg -clu|d gub ;xfotf_ /sd k|of]usf] k|ltj]bg kmf/fd
cf=j= ========= sf] =========== rf}dfl;s ;Ddsf] cj:yf
bft[ ;+:yf M
C0f / cg'bfg ;+s] t g+= M
of]hgfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf M
C0f / cg'bfg z' ? x'g] ldlt M
C0f / cg'bfg aGb x'g] ldlt M
;Demf}tfdf ut cf=j= ;Ddsf] k|fKt o; cf=j= df k|fKt /sd afsL g]kfnL ?k}ofdf
ah]6 Joj:yf /sd
sfo{qmdsf]
pkzLif{s ePsf] s'n ======== d'b|fdf g]kfnL ======== d'b|fdf g]kfnL ======== d'b|fdf g]kfnL ut cf=j= o; cf=j= sf] o; cf=j= df afsL o; cf=j=sf] afsL
gfd
g+= /sd ====== d'b|fdf d'b|fdf d'b|fdf ;Ddsf] vr{ jflif{s ah]6 ePsf] lgsf;f cjlwdf vr{ x'g]
d'b|fdf /sd cfb]z cg'dflgt /sd
! @ # $ % ^ & *#-$^_ ( !) !! !@ !#-%&_ !$
-!)!@_
cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vM sfof{noof]hgf k|d'v M

ldlt M ldlt M
b|i6Jo M
-!_ dxn g+= #,$,^ / * df ;Demf}tfdf ePsf] Joj:yf cg'?ksf] d'b|fdf n]Vg' kb{ 5 .
-@_ dxn g+= ( df dxn g+= * nfO{ C0f / cg'bfgsf] k|fKt u/]sf] lbgsf] ljlgdo b/n] u'0fg u/L x'g] /sd n]Vg' kb{ 5 .
-#_ dxn g+= % / & df dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k|fKt /sd n]Vg' kb{ 5 .
-$_ dxn g++= !@ df dxfn]v f lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 ePsf] lgsf;f cfb]z /sd n] Vg' kb{5 .
-%_ of] kmf/fd lgod #& adf]lhd ;f]wegf{ dfu ug]{ kbflwsf/Ln] tof/ ug'{ kb{5 .
-^_ rf}dfl;s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] kGw| lbg leq dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no / tfn's ljefu / dGqfnodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
96
cg';"rL^
-lgod @* sf] pklgod -!_ ;u ;DalGwt_
cg'bfg -;f]em} e'QmfgL_ /sd k|of]usf] k|ltj]bg kmf/fd
of]hgfsf] gfd / 7]u fgf M
pkzLif{s g+=M
bft[ ;+: yf M
cg'bfg ;+s]t g+=M
cg'bfg z'? x'g] ldlt M
cg'bfg aGb x'g] ldlt M

ah]6 ;Demf} tfdf ut cf=j= o; cf=j= df ut cf=j= o; cf=j= sf] o; cf=j= df o; cf=j=sf] afsL cjlwdf
pkzLif{s sfo{qmdsf] Joj:yf ePsf] ;Ddsf] k|fKt k|fKt ;f]em} ;Dd k|fKt ;f]em} e'QmfgL k|fKt ;f]em} k|fKt x'g] cg'dflgt ;f]em}
g+= gfd
s'n /sd ;f]em} e'QmfgL e'QmfgL /sd ;f]em} e'QmfgL x'g] jflif{s ah]6 e'QmfgL /sd e'QmfgL /sd
/sd /sd
! @ # $ % ^ & * (
cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vM sfof{ no / of]hgf k|d'v M

ldlt M ldlt M
b|i6JoM
!_ dxn g+= #,$ / % df ;Demf}tfdf ePsf] Joj:yf cg'?ksf] d'b|fdf n]Vg' kb{5 .
@_ dxn g+= $ df of]hgf z'? eP b]lv ut cf=j= ;Ddsf] ;f]em} e'QmfgL /sd pNn]v ug'{ kb{ 5
/ of] Joxf]/f bft[ ;+: yfaf6 k'li6 ePsf] x'g' kb{ 5 .
#_ of] kmf/fd lgod #& adf]lhd ;f] wegf{ dfu ug]{ kbflwsf/Ln] tof/ ug'{ kb{ 5 .
$_ rf}dfl;s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] kGw| lbg leq dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ no / tfn's ljefu /
dGqfnodf k]z ug'{ kb{5 .
97
cg';"rL&
-lgod @* sf] pklgod -!_ ;u ;DalGwt_
cg'bfg -j:t'ut ;xfotf_ /sd k|of]usf] k|ltj]bg kmf/fd
of]hgfsf] gfd / 7]u fgf M
pkzLif{s g+=M
bft[ ;+: yf M
cg'bfg ;+s]t g+=M
cg'bfg z'? x'g] ldlt M
cg'bfg aGb x'g] ldlt M

ah]6
sfo{qmdsf] ;Demf}tfdf ut cf=j= o; cf=j= df ut cf=j= o; cf=j= df o; cf=j= df o; cf=j=sf] afsL
pkzLif{s
g+= gfd Joj:yf ePsf] ;Dddf k|fKt k|fKt j:t'ut ;Dddf k|fKt j:t'ut k|fKt j:t'ut cjlwdf k|fKt x'g]
s'n /sd j:t'ut ;xfotf ;xfotf /sd j:t'ut ;xfotf ;xfotf sf] ;xfotf /sd cg'dflgt j:t'ut
/sd /sd jflif{s ah]6 ;xfotf /sd
! @ # $ % ^ & * (
cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vM sfof{ no / of]hgf k|d'v M

ldlt M ldlt M
b|i6JoM
!_ dxn g+= #,$, / % df ;Demf}t fdf ePsf] Joj:yf cg'? ksf] d'b|fdf n] Vg' kb{ 5 .
@_ dxn g+= $ df of]hgf z'? eP b]lv ut cf=j= ;Ddsf] k|fKt j:t'u t ;xfotf /sd pNn] v
ug'{ kb{5 / of] Joxf]/f bft[ ;+:yfaf6 k'li6 ePsf] x'g' kb{5 .
#_ of] kmf/fd lgod #& adf]lhd ;f] wegf{ dfu ug]{ kbflwsf/Ln] tof/ ug'{ kb{ 5 .
$_ rf}dfl;s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] kGw| lbg leq dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ no / tfn's ljefu /
dGqfnodf k]z ug'{ kb{5 .
98
cg';"rL*
-lgod #& sf] pklgod -%_ ;u ;DalGwt_
=============== dGqfno
C0fcg'bfg -;f]wegf{ x' g]_ /sdsf] k|ltj] bg kmf/fd
;Demf}tfdf g]kfnL ?k}ofdf
ah]6 of]hgfsf] C0f bft[ Joj:yf
;f]wegf{ x'g] xfn ;Dd b/vf:t kq b/vf:t kq afsL C0f s}lkmot
pkzLif{s g+= gfd cg'bfg ;+:yf ePsf] s'n
;+s]t g+= /sd ====== u/L ePsf] ;f]wegf{ k]z ePsf] t/ / cg'bfg
d'b|fdf s"n vr{ k|fKt k|fKt x'g afsL k]z ug{ afsL /sd
! @ # $ % ^ & * ( !) !!
cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vM ;lrj M

ldlt M ldlt M
b|i6Jo M
-!_ dxn g+= % df ;Demf}tfdf ePsf] Joj:yf cg'?ksf] v'b|fdf n]Vg' kb{ 5 .
-@_ of] rf}dfl;s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] tL; lbg leq dGqfno dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{ nodf k] z
ug'{ kb{5 .
99
cg';"rL (
-lgod %^ sf] -!_ ; u ;DalGwt_
g]kfn ;/sf/
=== === === === === === dGqfno
=== === === === === === === === === ljefusfof{ no
a/a'emf/y k|df0fkq
o; dGqfnoljefusfof{ nosf === === === === === === >L === === === === === === === ===
lhDdf /x]sf] ;/sf/L gubL lhG;L sfuhkq / c? ;DklQ cfgf xfnjfnf tf]lsPsf]
sd{rf/LnfO{ a'emfO{ ;Sg' ePsf] s'/f k|dfl0ft ul/G5 .
a'g]sf] gfd a'emfpg]sf] gfd sfof{no k|d'vsf] gfd

;xL ;xL ;xL
ldlt ldlt ldlt
100
cg';"rL !)
-lgod ^* sf] pklgod -!_ ; u ;DalGwt_
g]kfn ;/sf/
================================================= dGqfno
========================================= ljefu
================================ sfof{ no
uf]Zjf/f w/f} 6L vftf
cfly{s jif{ ===================
qm=;+= ldlt ljj/0f ;+s]t w/f}6L km5\of}{6 afsL s}lkmot
g+= afkt lkmtf{ ?= ;b/ hDdf gub a}+sdf hDdf
k|fKt ?= :ofxf
r9fpg]sf] gfd y/ M k|dfl0ft ug]{sf] gfd y/ M

;xL M ;xL M
ldlt M ldlt M
101
cg';"rL !!
-lgod ^* sf] pklgod -!_ ; u ;DalGwt_
g]kfn ;/sf/
================================================= dGqfno
========================================= ljefu
================================ sfof{ no
JolQmut w/f}6L vftf
w/f}6L /fVg]sf] gfdM
7]ufgf M
cfly{s jif{ =========== dlxgf ============
ef}r/ g+= ldlt ljj/0f hDdf 8]lj6 vr{ afsL s}lkmot
qm]l86 8]=qm]
r9fpg]sf] gfd y/ M k|dfl0ft ug]{sf] gfd y/ M

;xL M ;xL M
ldlt M ldlt M
102
cg';"rL !@
-lgod *# sf] pklgod -!_ ;u ;DalGwt_
g]kfn ;/sf/
=== === === === === === dGqfno
=== === === === === === === === === sfof{no
6]lnkmf] g, wf/f aQL / o:t} cGo ;'ljwf afktsf] w/f}6L ljj/0f
l;=g+= w/f}6L 6]lnkmf]g w/f}6L sf]=n]=lg=sf= sf] s}lkmot

;DaGwL g+= ld6/ /sd w/f}6L a'g] a'em]sf] ldlt nut g+=
ljj/0f g+= sfof{no / /l;b g+= -sf]=n]=lg=sf=n]=
eg]{_
nut /fVg cg'/f]w ug]{ nut hgfO{ k|dfl0ft ug]{ sf] =n] =
sfof{no k|d'vsf] gfd y/ M lg=sf=sf] clws[tsf] gfd y/ M
;xL ;xL
ldlt ldlt
gf]6 M of] ljj/0f /sd a'em]sf] e/kfO{sf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk ;+ nUg u/L b'O{ k|lt sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k7fpg' kb{5 . sf]=n]=lg=sf=n]= Ps k|lt nutdf hgfO{
;DalGwt sfof{ nonfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kb{5 .
ljj/0f dxndf w/f} 6L vr{ n]Vbfsf] uf}Zjf/f ef} r/df g} ldlt / ;'ljwf kfpg] JolQm
eP JolQmsf] gfd kb ;d]t v' nfpg' kb{5 .
103
cg';"rL !#
-lgod *# sf] pklgod -@_ ;u ;DalGwt_
g]kfn ;/sf/
cy{ dGqfno
dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no
sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no
=== === === === === === === === === === === lhNnf
kq ;+Vof M
ljifo M 6]lnkmf]g, wf/f, alQ, / o:t} cGo ;'ljwf afktsf] w/f}6L ;DaGwL
jflif{s ljj/0f .
l;=g+= sfof{nosf] gfd w/f}6L /x]sf] /sdsf] ljj/0f s}lkmot
6]lnkmf]g wf/f alQ cGo hDdf -w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ e} ;+lrt

sf]if bflvnf ePdf jf ldGxf
ePdf hgfO{ k7fpg]_
k]z ug]{sf] gfd y/ M k|dfl0ft ug]{sf] gfd y/ M

;xL M
;xL M
ldlt M
ldlt M
104
cg';"rL !$
-lgod () sf] pklgod -!_ ;u ;DalGwt_
g]kfn ;/sf/
=========== sfof{ no
cfly{s jif{ ========================= sf] cfly{s sf/f]af/sf]
;+lIfKt jflif{s k|ltj]bg
ljj/0f ?=
!= nutL /fh:j -b08 hl/jfgf ;lxt_
-s_ nut
-!_ ut ;fnaf6
-@_ of] ;fnsf] yk
hDdf M s -!_ s -@_
-v_ c;'nL / nut sf
-!_ c;'nL e} nut sf
-@_ nut sf
hDdf M v -!_ v -@_
-u_ nut afsL -s v_
-3_ c;" nL
-!_ s" n c;' nL
-@_ /fhZj vftfdf bflvnf
-#_ bflvnf ug{ afsL
hDdf M 3 -!_
@= x;anL /fhZj -nut afx]ssf] ljljw cfDbfgL_
-s_ cfDbfgL
-v_ /fhZj vftfdf bflvnf
-u_ bflvnf ug{ afsL
105
#= s"n /fhZj 3 -!_ @ s
$= jflif{s ah]6 lgsf;f vr{ / afsL ah]6 pkzLif{s g+ =sfo{qmd

jflif{s ah]6 lgsf;f vr{ ======= aFfsL
$=! ;|f] t cg' ;f/
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/
-v_ j}b]lzs
-c_ C0f
;f]wegf{ x' g]
gub
;Lw} e'QmfgL
-cf_ cg'bfg
;f]wegf{ x' g]
gub
;Lw} e'QmfgL
j:t'ut ;xfotf
hDdf M
$=@ vr{sf] juL{s/0f M
s_ pkef]u vr{ tkm{
v_ k"hLut vr{ tkm{
hDdf
afsL /sd a}+s bflvnf ?=
km5\of}{6 x' g afsL k]ZsL ?=
%= k]ZsL
ut ljut cf=a=sf]
of] cf=a=sf]
106
hDdf
km5\of}{6
kmf6jf/Laf6
gub bflvnfaf6
hDdf
afsL
Dofb leqsf]
Dofb gf3]sf]
hDdf
^= w/f} 6L
cfDbfgL
ut ;fnaf6 ;/]sf]
of] ;fnsf] yk
hDdf
vr{
lkmtf{ vr{
:ofxf
hDdf
afsL
&= e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ bfloTjx
ut ;fnsf]
of] ;fnsf]
hDdf
e'QmfgL ePsf]
afsL
hDdf
107
108
*= d=n]=k= a]?h'
ut cf=j=;Ddsf]
lgoldt ug]{
c;'n ug]{
hDdf
of] cf=j= ;Ddsf]
lgoldt ug]{
c;'n ug]{
hDdf
km5\of}{6
lgoldtk|df0f k]z u/L
c;'n u/L
hDdf
afsL
lgoldt ug]{
c;'n ug]{
hDdf
(= lhG;L -vKg] dfn;fdfg ejg cflb_ hDdf -?= df_
cfDbfgL
ut ;fnaf6 ;/]sf] df}Hbft
of] ;fndf vl/b ePsf]
;xof]uaf6 k|fKt ePsf]
cGoqaf6 x:tfGt/0f eO{ cfPsf]
hDdf
vr{
6'6km'6 ldGxf
109
lnnfd, laqmL
x:tfGt/0f e} cGoq uPsf]
hDdf
afsL /sd
-ejg / pks/0f, df]6/ a;, 6s, x]eL OSjLkd]G6 cflb ! nfv eGbf a9L d"No
kg]{ lhG;L ;fdfgsf] ljj/0f 5'} ;+nUg ug'{ kg]{ _
hDdf
!)= pTkfbg Joj;fosf] ;fdfg -/sd ?=_
ut ;fnaf6 ;/]sf]
of] ;fnsf] yk
hDdf
laqmL ePsf]
sfddf nfu]sf]
ldGxf IftL ePsf]
hDdf
afsL -/sd ?=_
!!= sfof{no ;fdfg -vr{ eP/ hfg]_
afsL -/sd ?=_
cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vkmf6 k|d'vsf] sfof{no k|d'vsf]
gfd y/ M gfd y/ M
;xL M ;xL M
ldlt M ldlt M
110
cg';"rL !%
-lgod !)# sf] pklgod -!_ ;u ;DalGwt_
g]kfn ;/sf/
=== === === === === === dGqfno
=== === === === === === ljefu
nut s:g k7fp bf eg'{ kg]{ ljj/0f kmf/fd
!= lhDd]jf/ JolQmsf] ljj/0f
-s_ gfd y/ M
-v_ 7]ufgf M
:yfoL M
c:yfoL M
-u_ afa'sf] gfd y/ M
-3_ afh]sf] gfd y/ M
@= axfnL ljj/0f
-s_ sfof{no M
-v_ kb M
#= cjsfz k|fKt sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf
-s_ cjsfz k|fKt ldlt M
-v_ cjsfz k|fKt u/]sf] sfof{ no M
-u_ lgj[Qe/0f kfO/x]sf] eP clwsf/ kq g+ = / e'QmfgL kfpg] a}+ssf] gfd M
$= c;"npk/ ug'{ kg]{ /sdsf] ljj/0f
-s_ k]ZsL M
-v_ a]?h' M
-u_ xhf{gf ?= M
-3_ b08 hl/jfgf ?= M
-_ hDdf ?= cIf]/]kL M
111
-r_ Jofh nfUg] /sd M
-5_ Jofh b/ M
-h_ Jofh nfUg z'? x' g] ldlt M
%= lwtf] / hdfgLsf] ljj/0f
%=! lwtf] /x]sf] hfoh]yfsf] ljj/0f
-s_ hUuf wgLsf] gfd y/ M
-v_ afa'sf] gfd y/ M
-u_ afh]sf] gfd y/ M
-3_ 7]ufgf M
%=@ lwtf] /x]sf] 3/ hUufsf] ljj/0f M
l;=g+= lhNnf g=kf=uf=lj=;= lsQf g+= If]qkmn lsl;d s}lkmot
^= hdfgLsf] ljj/0f
-s_ gfd y/ M
-v_ afj'sf] gfd y/ M
-u_ afh]sf] gfd y/ M
-3_ 7]ufgf M
-_ hdfgL lbPsf] 3/hUufsf] ljj/0f
l;=g+= lhNnf g=kf=uf=lj=;= lsQf g+= If]qkmn lsl;d s}lkmot
112
pk/f]Qm pNn] lvt /sd cfly{s sfo{ljlw P] g @)%% sf] bkmf @! cg' ;f/
lgoldt ug{ gldNg] / bkmf !( / @) / ;f]; u ;DalGwt lgodxdf pNn]lvt ;Dk"0f{
sf/jfO{ u/L ;lsPsf] x' bf P] gsf] bkmf @) sf] pkbkmf -#_ cg";f/ nut k7fO{Psf] 5 .
=================================================
n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tsf] b:tvt
b|i6Jo M
nut ljj/0f k7fp bf lgDg cg';f/sf] sfuhftx k7fpg' kb{5 .
!= ;/sf/L afsL ;/x c;"n pk/ ug{ s]lGb|o sfof{ nodf nut k7fpg] n]vf
pQ/bfoL clws[tn] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] k|l tlnlk .
@= lwtf] /x]sf] hfoh]yfsf] hUuf wgL k|df0f k'hf{sf] ;Ssn} / ;f] hfoh]yf /f]Ssf
/fv]sf] ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{ nosf] kq,
#= hdfgLstf{n] u/]sf] sa"lnotgfdf, ;f] sa'l notgfdfdf pNn]lvt hfoh]yfsf]
;Ssn} hUuf wgL k|df0f k'hf{ / ;f] hfoh]yf /f]Ssf /x]sf] ;DalGwt dfnkf]t
sfof{nosf] kq,
$= 3/sf] lwtf] lnO{Psf] eP pQm 3/sf] d"Nof+sg ul/Psf] sfuhftx .
113

Finance Rules Nepali

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cfly{s sfo{ljlw lgodfjnL, @)^$

-#_ ;/sf/L sf/f]j f/ ;~rfngsf] nflu ljleGg sfof{noxdf /sd pknAw

-#_ jflif{s ah]6 sfo{qmd / sfof{Gjog tflnsf agfpbf nfut cg'dfg

o;/L cfly{s sf/f]j f/ aGb u/]kl5 lgsf;f / vr{sf] n] vf cBfjlws u/L

-v_ /sd s'g} of]hgfsf] ;DaGwdf eP ;f] of]hgf :jLs[t

vr{ u/]df bft[ kIfaf6 zf] wegf{ x'g ;Sb}g To;sf]

-r_ kl/of]hgfsf] gfddf vf]lnPsf] ljz]if vftfsf] lx;fa dfl;s

t/ /sdfGt/ x'g ;Sg] /sdsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt clwsf/Ln] lgoldt u/L

-^_ j:t'ut ;xfotf cGtu{t s'g} Ps cfof]hgf jf sfof{ non] dfn;fdfg

-_ lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] k|of]u eP jf gePsf], xfgL gf]S;fgL

%@= lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] ;|]:tf M lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] ;|]:tf dxfn]vf k/LIfssf]

-@_ lgod %# adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt a]sDdf eO{ sfd gnfUg]

t/ sfof{non] g} sL u/L w/f}6Ldf hDdf u/]sf] /sdsf] xsdf gubL /l;b

kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ k]ZsL lb+bf o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd a} Uof/]06L lng'

-`_ a]?h' nut cBfjlws 5 jf 5}g , cBfjlws eP s'g s'g

-s_ gubL / lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] nut v8f ug{ 5'6 ePsf]df

n]vf g/fv]sf]d f n] vf g/x]sf] /sdsf] kf r k|ltzt;Dd / k|ltj]bg k]z gu/]sf]d f

adf]lhd gu/]df To;sf] hjfkmb]xL tfn's dGqfno, ljefu jf ;DalGwt sfof{ no

-u_ sfod ePsf] a]?h' km5\ of}{ 6 gug]{ jf gu/fpg] sfof{ no

!)%= s]Gb|L o tx;Ln sfof{non] c;"n km5\

-*_ pklgod -&_ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf cfPsf] hfoh]yf

!)^= ldGxf ;DaGwL Joj:yf

-__ o; lgodfjnL adf]lhd sfof{nonfO{ lbPsf] clVtof/L / ah]6 af8kmf 8

ljefun] lbPsf] clVtof/L leq /xL o; lgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] /Lt k'ofO{

-3_ sfof{ nosf] gubL lhG;Ldf xfgLgf]S;fgL x'g gkfpg] u/L

cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ / dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{ nodf

cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnLsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f, cg'udg u/L

-s_ ;fwf/0f ah] 6 th'{d f ug]{ / ljsf; ah]6sf] xsdf of]hgf /

cfgf]] pQ/bfloTjdf cfk"m cGtu{tsf sd{rf/LnfO{ vftf ;~rfng nufot n]vf

cfof]hgfsfof{no k|d'v M ljefuLo;+:yf k|d'v M k|dfl0ft ug]{ M

kmf/fd eg]{ lgb]{lzsf M

cfof]hgfsf] s'n lqmofsnfksf] cGt/ut tLg dxnx 5g\ M

;Dk"0f{ sfo{ dWo] ut cf=j= ;Ddsf] cGt/ut b'O{ dxnx 5g\ M

kfO{k sNe6{sf] ef/ M !) !)) @)

of]hgf zfvf k|d'v cfly{ s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'v sfof{no k|d'v

kmf/fd eg]{ lgb]{lzsf M

x]8 jS;{ lgdf{0fsf] ef/ M #) !)) ^)

o; =========== cjlw;Ddsf] ef}lts k|u lt cGt/ut tLg dxnx 5g\ M

!=^ cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog / vr{ tflnsf

!=&=@ lgdf{0f ;fdu|L

!=* cfof]hgf ;~rfng k|: tfj

@= cfof]hgfsf] :jLs[t lbg] k|lqmof / clwsf/LM

-%_ dfly plNnlvt cfwf/xsf] cltl/Qm cfof]hgfsfof{ nonfO{ cg'zf;gzLn

cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vM sfof{no / of]hgf k|d'v M

cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'vM sfof{noof]hgf k|d'v M

=========== d'b|fdf g]kfnL ?k}ofdf

cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vM sfof{ no / of]hgf k|d'v M

=========== d'b|fdf g]kfnL ?k}ofdf

cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vM sfof{ no / of]hgf k|d'v M

cfly{s k| zf;g zfvf k|d'vM ;lrj M

a'g]sf] gfd a'emfpg]sf] gfd sfof{no k|d'vsf] gfd

r9fpg]sf] gfd y/ M k|dfl0ft ug]{sf] gfd y/ M

r9fpg]sf] gfd y/ M k|dfl0ft ug]{sf] gfd y/ M

l;=g+= w/f}6L 6]lnkmf]g w/f}6L sf]=n]=lg=sf= sf] s}lkmot

l;=g+= sfof{nosf] gfd w/f}6L /x]sf] /sdsf] ljj/0f s}lkmot

6]lnkmf]g wf/f alQ cGo hDdf -w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ e} ;+lrt

k]z ug]{sf] gfd y/ M k|dfl0ft ug]{sf] gfd y/ M

$= jflif{s ah]6 lgsf;f vr{ / afsL ah]6 pkzLif{s g+ =sfo{qmd

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