Switchmode Power Supplies: Reference Manual and Design Guide

SWITCHMODE t Power Supplies
Reference Manual and Design Guide
SMPSRM/D
Rev. 0, 5/1999
SMPSRM
Mfax is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation
or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of
the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential
or incidental damages. Typical parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary
in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including Typicals must be validated
for each customer application by customers technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the
rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical
implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the
Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products
for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries,
affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of,
directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim
alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of
Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
How to reach us:

USA / EUROPE / Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 5405, Denver, Colorado 80217.
13036752140 or 18004412447
JAPAN: Motorola Japan Ltd.; SPD, Strategic Planning Office, 141, 4321 NishiGotanda, Shinagawaku, Tokyo, Japan.
81354878488
ASIA / PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; Silicon Harbour Centre, 2, Dai King Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate,
Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 85226629298
Customer Focus Center: 18005216274
Mfax: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com TOUCHTONE 16022446609
Motorola Fax Back System US & Canada ONLY 18007741848
http://sps.motorola.com/mfax/
HOME PAGE: http://motorola.com/sps/ Motorola, Inc. 1999
SMPSRM
Forward
Every new electronic product, except those that are battery powered, requires converting offline
115 Vac or 230 Vac power to some dc voltage for powering the electronics. The availability of design
and application information and highly integrated semiconductor control ICs for switching power
supplies allows the designer to complete this portion of the system design quickly and easily.
Whether you are an experienced power supply designer, designing your first switching power
supply or responsible for a make or buy decision for power supplies, the variety of information
in the SWITCHMODE Power Supplies Reference Manual and Design Guide should prove
useful.
Motorola has been a key supplier of semiconductor products for switching power supplies since we
introduced bipolar power transistors and rectifiers designed specifically for switching power
supplies in the mid70s. We identified these as SWITCHMODE products. A switching power
supply designed using Motorola components can rightfully be called a SWITCHMODE power
supply or SMPS.
This brochure contains useful background information on switching power supplies for those who
want to have more meaningful discussions and are not necessarily experts on power supplies. It also
provides real SMPS examples, and identifies several application notes and additional design
resources available from Motorola, as well as helpful books available from various publishers and
useful web sites for those who are experts and want to increase their expertise. An extensive list and
brief description of analog ICs, power transistors, rectifiers and other discrete components available
from Motorolas Semiconductor Components Group for designing a SMPS are also provided. This
includes our newest GREENLINE, Easy Switcher and very high voltage ICs (VHVICs), as well
as high efficiency HDTMOS and HVTMOS power FETs, and a wide choice of discrete products
in surface mount packages.
For the latest updates and additional information on analog and discrete products for power supply and
power management applications, please visit our website: (http://scgtomorrow.mototola.com).
GREENLINE, MEGAHERTZ, POWERTAP, SENSEFET, SWITCHMODE, SMARTMOS and TMOS are trademarks of Motorola, Inc.
HDTMOS and HVTMOS are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc.
Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com 3

SMPSRM
Table of Contents
Page
What Everyone Should Know About Switching Power Supplies by Marty Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Linear versus Switching Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Basic Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Common Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Power Factor Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Quasi-Resonant Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Losses and Stresses within Switching Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Bipolar Power Transistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Power MOSFETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Rectifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Methods of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Optoisolated Voltage Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
First-Pass Selection of Semiconductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Other Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Transformers and Inductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Cores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Snubbers and Clamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
The Printed Circuit Board Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Off-Line Power Supply Design and Safety Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
SMPS Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Integrated Circuits for Switching Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Suggested Components for Specific Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Real SMPS Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Literature Available from Motorola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Application Notes, Brochures, Device Data Books and Device Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
References for Switching Power Supply Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Websites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Analog ICs for SWITCHMODE Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Power Management Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Systems Management Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
SCG Worldwide Sales Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Motorola SPS Standard Document Type Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
4 Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com

SMPSRM
What Everyone Should Know About Switching

Power Supplies
By: Marty Brown
Introduction Higher levels of integration have driven the cost of
switching power supplies downward which makes it an
Efficient conversion of electrical power is becoming attractive choice for output powers greater than 10 watts
a primary concern to companies and to society as a whole. or where multiple outputs are desired.
Switching power supplies offer not only higher
efficiencies but also offer greater flexibility to the Basic Converters
designer. Recent advances in semiconductor, magnetic
and passive technologies make the switching power Forward-Mode Converter Fundamentals
supply an ever more popular choice in the power The most elementary forward-mode converter is the
conversion arena today. Buck or Step-down Converter which can be seen in
This Guide is designed to give the prospective Figure 1. Its operation can be seen as having two distinct
designer an overview of all the issues involved in time periods which occur when the series power switch
designing switchmode power supplies. It describes the is on and off. When the power switch is on, the input
basic operation of the more popular topologies of voltage is connected to the input of the inductor. The
switching power supplies, their relevant parameters, output of the inductor is the output voltage, and the
provides circuit design tips, and information on how to rectifier is back-biased. During this period, since there is
select the most appropriate semiconductor and passive a constant voltage source connected across the inductor,
components. This Guide lists the Motorola components the inductor current begins to linearly ramp upward

expressly built for use in switching power supplies. which is described by:
* Vout
+
V t on
in
Linear versus Switching i
L on
L
Power Supplies During the on period, energy is being stored within
Historically, the linear regulator was the primary the core material of the inductor in the form of flux. There
method of creating a regulated output voltage. It operates is sufficient energy stored to carry the requirements of the
by reducing a higher input voltage down to the lower load during the next off period.
output voltage by linearly controlling the conductivity of The next period is the off period of the power
a series pass power device in response to changes in its switch. When the power switch turns off, the input
load. This results in a large voltage being placed across voltage of the inductor flies below ground and is clamped
the pass unit with the load current flowing through it. at one diode drop below ground by the catch diode.
This headroom loss (Vdrop Iload) causes the linear Current now begins to flow through the catch diode thus
regulator to only be 30 to 50 percent efficient. That means maintaining the load current loop. This removes the
that for each watt delivered to the load, at least a watt has stored energy from the inductor. The inductor current

to be dissipated in heat. The cost of the heatsink actually during this time is:
makes the linear regulator uneconomical above 10 watts * VD
+
V out t
L off
for small applications. Below that point, however, they off
i
are cost effective in step-down applications. L
The switching regulator operates the power devices in This period ends when the power switch is once again
the full-on and cutoff states. This then results in either turned on.
large currents being passed through the power devices Regulation is accomplished by varying the on-to-off
with a low on voltage or no current flowing with high duty cycle of the power switch. The relationship which
voltage across the device. This results in a much lower approximately describes its operation is:
power being dissipated within the supply. The average
switching power supply exhibits efficiencies of between
V out [ Vin
70 to 90 percent, regardless of the input voltage. where is the duty cycle ( = ton/(ton + toff))

SMPSRM
Basic Converters (continued)
The buck converter is capable of kilowatts of output catastrophic results. To avoid this situation, a crowbar is
power, but suffers from one serious shortcoming which placed across the output. A crowbar is a latching SCR
would occur if the power switch were to fail which is fired when the output is sensed as entering an
short-circuited, the input power source is connected overvoltage condition. The buck converter should only
directly to the load circuitry with usually produces be used for board-level regulation.
LO
SW
Vin D Cout RLOAD
A Basic Forward-Mode Converter

LO (Buck Converter Shown)
ILO ILO
Vin Cout Vout RLOAD VD(FWD) Cout Vout RLOAD

(DIODE)
Power Switch ON Power Switch OFF

Von(SW)
DIODE VOLTAGE (VOLTS)
Vin
POWER SWITCH POWER SWITCH POWER SWITCH POWER SWITCH

OFF ON OFF ON
VD(FWD)
0 TIME
INDUCTOR CURRENT
IPK
ILOAD(AV)
(AMPS)
IMIN
DIODE POWER SWITCH DIODE POWER SWITCH

TIME
Figure 1. Forward-Mode Converter Operation

(Buck Converter Shown)

SMPSRM
Basic Converters (continued)
Flyback or Boost-mode Converter

Fundamentals
The most elementary flyback-mode converter is the The amount of energy stored during each cycle times
Boost or Step-up Converter. Its schematic can be seen in the frequency of operation must be higher than the power
Figure 2. Its operation can also be broken into two demands of the load or,
distinct periods where the power switch is on and off. Psto = 0.5 L I2pk fop > Pout
When the power switch turns on, the input voltage source The power switch then turns off and the inductor
is placed directly across the inductor. This causes the voltage flys back above the input voltage and is clamped
current to begin linearly ramping upwards from zero and by the rectifier at the output voltage. The current then

is described by: begins to linearly ramp downward until the energy within
the core is completely depleted. Its waveform which is
+

V t on
in shown in Figure 3 is determined by:
L on
i
L * V in
+
V out t
L off
off
i
L
Once again, energy is being stored within the core The boost converter should also be only used for
material. board-level regulation.
L
D
Vin SW Cout RLOAD
A Basic Flyback-Mode Converter

(Boost Converter Shown)
IL
ILOAD IOff ILOAD

Ion
Vin L Vout Vin RLOAD
Cout RLOAD Vout Cout
Power Switch ON Power Switch OFF
Figure 2. Schematic of a Boost Converter

SMPSRM
VFLBK
SWITCH VOLTAGE
POWER POWER
SWITCH DIODE DIODE SWITCH
ON ON
(VOLTS)
ON ON
Vin
POWER
Von(SW) SWITCH
ON
TIME
INDUCTOR CURRENT
IPK
(AMPS)
ILOAD
(AV)
TIME
Figure 3. Waveforms for a Boost Converter
Common Topologies
A topology is the arrangement of the power devices fragile load circuitry. Transformer isolation should be
and their magnetic elements. Each topology has its own used in all other situations. Associated with that is the
merits within certain applications. Some of the factors need for multiple output voltages. Transformers provide
which determine the suitability of a particular topology an easy method for adding additional output voltages to
to a certain application are: the switching power supply. The companies building
1) Is the topology electrically isolated from the their own power systems are leaning toward transformer
input to the output or not. isolation in as many power supplies as possible since it
2) How much of the input voltage is placed across prevents a domino effect during failure conditions.
the inductor or transformer. The remainder of the factors involve how much stress
3) What is the peak current flowing through the the power semiconductors are being subjected to. Table 1
power semiconductors. shows the differences between the various topologies
4) Are multiple outputs required. used within switching power supplies. Figure 4
5) How much voltage appears across the power illustrates where the transformer-isolated topologies are
semiconductors. typically used within the power industry at various power
The first choice that faces the designer is whether to and voltage levels. At reduced DC input voltages and at
have input to output transformer isolation. Non-isolated higher powers, the peak currents that must be sustained
switching power supplies are typically used for by the power switch grow higher which then affects the
board-level regulation where a dielectric barrier is stress they must endure. The various areas show which
provided elsewhere within the system. Non-isolated topology best fits within that range of input voltage and
topologies should also be used where the possibility of a output power that exhibits the least amount of stress on
failure does not connect the input power source to the the power semiconductors.

SMPSRM
Common Topologies (continued)
Table 1. Comparison of the PWM Switching Regulator Topologies
Pwr Range Vin(DC) In/Out Typical Relative Figure

Topology (Watts) Range Isolation Effic. (%) Cost No.
Buck 0 1000 5.0 1000* No 75 1.0 Figure 5
Boost 0 150 5.0 600* No 78 1.0 Figure 6
Buck-Boost 0 150 5.0 600* No 78 1.0 Figure 7
Half-Forward 0 250 5.0 500 Yes 75 1.4 Figure 8
Flyback 0 150 5.0 600 Yes 78 1.2 Figure 9
Push-Pull 100 1000 50 1000 Yes 72 2.0 Figure 10
Half-Bridge 100 500 50 1000 Yes 72 2.2 Figure 11
Full-Bridge 400 2000+ 50 1000 Yes 69 2.5 Figure 12
* No human access otherwise < 42.5 V and 8.0 Amp limit (UL, CSA, VDE)

1000

DC INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

100

FLYBACK

HALF BRIDGE

FULL BRIDGE

10 HIGH PEAK CURRENTS,

RELIABILITY IS
IN JEOPARDY

10 100 1000
OUTPUT POWER (W)
Figure 4. Where Various Transformer-Isolated

Topologies are Commonly Used

SMPSRM
POWER L
SWITCH VFWD
VD
0 TIME
Vin
D Vout
Vin IPK
Cin Cout
CONTROL
FEEDBACK IL
0 TIME
ILOAD
IMIN
Figure 5. The Buck Regulator Topology
VFLBK
D D
VSW VSAT ON ON
L SW ON
D TIME
Vin 0
Cin Q Vin
CONTROL
Cout Vout IPK
IL
FEEDBACK ISW ID
0 TIME
Figure 6. The Boost Regulator Topology
Vin
Q VL 0 TIME
CONTROL
D
Vin Cin
Vout
L Cout Vout
GND IL
ISW ID
0 TIME
IPK
Figure 7. The Buck/Boost Regulator Topology

SMPSRM
L
D
T SW
VSW ON
N1 N2
Cout Vout 0 TIME
Vin Cin 2Vin
VSAT
CONTROL
Q
IPRI
FEEDBACK 0 TIME
IMIN IPK
Figure 8. The Half-Forward Regulator Topology
VFLBK
VSAT
SW
VSW ON
D 0 TIME
T Vin
N1 N2
Cout Vout
Vin Cin IPRI
0 TIME
CONTROL
IPK
Q
FEEDBACK ISEC
0 TIME
Figure 9. The Flyback Regulator Topology
2Vin
L Vin SW2
Q1 D
T
VSW SW1
Cout VO TIME
D 0
Cin VSAT
Vin CONTROL
IPK
Q2 IPRI
0 TIME
IMIN
Figure 10. The Push-Pull Regulator Topology

SMPSRM
Vin
B Cout Vout SW1
V in
2
SW2
XF N2 VSW2 0
Q1 TIME
Cin C
T VSAT
CONTROL
Vin N1 IPK
Q2 C
IPRI
0 TIME
FEEDBACK
IMIN
Figure 11. The Half-Bridge Regulator Topology
Vin
Cout Vout SW
V in 1-4
2 SW
XF 2-3
XF VSW2 0 TIME
Q1 Q3
Cin T VSAT
CONTROL
Vin IPK
Q2 Q4
ISW2
0 TIME
IMIN
FEEDBACK
Figure 12. The Full-Bridge Regulator Topology

SMPSRM
Power Factor Correction

The present day power supplies use a capacitive input voltages down to 30 volts can be boosted to 370 volts on
filter when powered from the AC power line. A resulting its output (higher than the highest expected peak
shortcoming is that the AC line is rectified which results operating AC crest voltage). The boost power factor
in high peak currents at the crests of the AC voltage as correction circuit can be seen in Figure 37 on page 37.
shown in Figure 13. These peak currents are typically The bulk input filter capacitor is now placed on the output
three to five times higher than the average current drawn of the boost converter. The input capacitor, just following
by the power supply. This causes excessive voltage drop the 50/60 Hz rectifier bridge is now less than 1 uF. This
in the wiring and imbalance problems in the three phase produces an input voltage waveform to the PFC circuit
delivery system. Also the full energy potential of the AC that has a high level of ripple voltage and the boost
line is not utilized. converter draws its power directly from the line.
I I
110/220
VOLTS IN CLARGE DC
OUTPUT CSMALL
FROM WALL VOLTAGE
SOCKET
TO POWER CONTROL CLARGE
SUPPLY
POWER
NOT POWER
USED NOT USED
VOLTAGE
VOLTAGE
POWER
POWER
USED
USED
CURRENT
IAV
CURRENT
IAV
Figure 13. The Waveforms of a Capacitive Figure 14. Power Factor Corrected Input
Input Filter
The semiconductors within a power factor correction
The task is to increase the conduction angle of the AC stage have some special requirements. First, the 50/60 Hz
rectifiers and to make the resulting current waveform rectifiers now have to be ultrafast rectifiers, since fast
look as sinusoidal and in phase with the voltage current pulses are being drawn through them. The boost
waveform as possible. In this way, the power drawn by output rectifier will have to be ultrafast if the boost
the power supply from the line is maximized for real converter is operating in the continuous-mode. The
power as shown in Figure 14. power switch has to clear the diodes reverse recovery
A popular method of accomplishing this is by using a charge. In the discontinuous-mode (Pin < 200 watts), the
boost converter prior to the actual power supply. output rectifier need not be ultrafast since there is no
Boost-mode supplies exhibit the largest input dynamic current flowing through the diode prior to the power
range of all the switching power supply topologies. Input switch turning on.

SMPSRM
Power Factor Correction (continued)
Input current waveshaping is required by the minimum of external components.

regulatory agencies. The MC33262 has a internal Figure 37 on page 37 is an 80 watt power factor
multiplier to make the input current waveform mimic the correction stage for the 110 VAC line. This design meets
input voltage waveform. All the circuitry needed to all the specifications of IEC100032. The results are
accomplish this task is included in the MC33262 with the shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Power Factor Controller Test Data
AC Line Input DC Output

Current Harmonic Distortion (% Ifund)
Vrms Pin PF Ifund THD 2 3 5 7 VO(pp) VO IO PO (%)
90 85.9 0.999 0.93 2.6 0.08 1.6 0.84 0.95 4.0 230.7 0.350 80.8 94.0
100 85.3 0.999 0.85 2.3 0.13 1.0 1.2 0.73 4.0 230.7 0.350 80.8 94.7
110 85.1 0.998 0.77 2.2 0.10 0.58 1.5 0.59 4.0 230.7 0.350 80.8 94.9
120 84.7 0.998 0.71 3.0 0.09 0.73 1.9 0.58 4.1 230.7 0.350 80.8 95.3
130 84.4 0.997 0.65 3.9 0.12 1.7 2.2 0.61 4.1 230.7 0.350 80.8 95.7
138 84.1 0.996 0.62 4.6 0.16 2.4 2.3 0.60 4.1 230.7 0.350 80.8 96.0
T = Coilcraft N2881A
Primary: 62 turns of # 22 AWG
Secondary: 5 turns of # 22 AWG
Core: Coilcraft PT2510, EE 25
Gap: 0.072 total for a primary inductance (LP) of 320 H
Heatsink = AAVID Engineering Inc. 590302B03600, or 593002B03400

SMPSRM
Quasi-Resonant Converters
Quasi-resonant technology is a field within switching make either the current or the voltage ring through a
power supplies where the design goal is to eliminate the half a sinusoid waveform. Since a sinusoid starts at zero
frequency dependent switching losses within the power and ends at zero, the product of the voltage and current
switch and rectifiers. Eliminating the switching losses at the starting and ending points is zero, thus has no
allows the designer to increase the operating frequency switching loss.
of the switching power supply with the goal of reducing There are two quasi-resonant methods: zero current
size and weight. Acceptance of quasi-resonant switching (ZCS) or zero voltage switching (ZVS). ZCS
technology has been slow because of some other issues is a fixed on-time, variable off-time method of control.
presented by operating at high frequencies. ZCS starts from an initial condition where the power
Schematically, quasi-resonant topologies are minor switch is off and there is no current flowing through the
modifications of the PWM topologies. A resonant tank resonant inductor. The ZCS, quasi-resonant buck
circuit has been added to the power switch section to converter is shown in Figure 15.
ILR
LR LO
CR D
Vin VSW Vout
Cin Cout
CONTROL
FEEDBACK
A ZCS QuasiResonant Buck Converter
SWITCH
TURN-OFF
Vin
V SW
POWER SWITCH
ON
IPK
I LR
VD
Figure 15. Schematic and Waveforms for a

ZCS Quasi-Resonant Buck Converter

SMPSRM
Quasi-Resonant Converters (continued)
In this design, both the power switch and the catch buck converter is shown in Figure 16. Here, to control the
diode operate in a zero current switching mode. Power is power delivered to the load, the amount of resonant off
passed to the output during the resonant periods. So to times are varied. For light loads, the frequency is high.
increase the power delivered to the load, the frequency When the load is heavy, the frequency drops. In a typical
would increase, and vise versa for decreasing loads. In ZVS power supply, the frequency typically varies 4:1
typical designs the frequency can change 10:1 over the over the entire operating range of the supply.
ZCS supplys operating range. There are variations in the resonant field that promote
The ZVS is a fixed off-time, variable on-time method zero switching losses such as full resonant PWM, full and
of control. Here the initial condition is when the power half-bridge topologies for the higher powers and
switch is on, and the familiar current ramp is flowing resonant transition topologies.
through the filter inductor. The ZVS, quasi-resonant
LR LO
CR D
Vin VI/P Vout
Cin FEEDBACK Cout
CONTROL
A ZCS QuasiResonant Buck Converter
Vin
V I/P
POWER SWITCH
TURNS ON
0
V * Vout
in
IPK L )L
R O
I SW
V
in
L
R ILOAD
0
ID
Figure 16. Schematic and Waveforms for a

ZVS Quasi-Resonant Buck Converter

SMPSRM
Losses and Stresses within

Switching Power Supplies
Much of the designers effort during a switching modifying the circuitry, and some are controlled by
power supply design is spent in identifying and simply selecting a different part.
minimizing the losses within the supply. Some of these The semiconductor losses fall into two categories:
losses can also present stresses to the semiconductor conduction losses and switching losses. Examples of
power components which may affect the long term conduction losses are the saturation voltage of a bipolar
reliability of the power supply. Knowing where the losses power transistor, the on loss of a power MOSFET
arise and how to control them is important. shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18 and the forward
Most of the losses occur in the power components
voltage drop of a rectifier shown in Figure 19. Switching
within the switching power supply. The most fragile
losses occur during the small period when a power
components are the power semiconductors. Identifying
the major sources for loss can be as easy as placing a component switches between the on and off state. Here,
finger on each of the components, or measuring the voltages are transitional between full-on and cutoff states
currents and voltages associated with each power while simultaneously the current is transitional between
component using an oscilloscope AC current probe and full-on and cuttoff states. This creates a very large V-I
voltage probe. Whenever there is a simultaneous voltage product which is as significant as the conduction losses.
drop across a component with a current flowing through Switching losses are also the major frequency dependent
it, there is a loss. Some of these losses are controllable by loss within every PWM switching power supply.
DRAIN-TO-SOURCE VOLTAGE
VPEAK
COLLECTOR-TO-EMITTER
VPEAK
(VOLTS)
(VOLTS)
SATURATION FALL
VOLTAGE TIME ON VOLTAGE
RISE DYNAMIC STORAGE RISE FALL
TIME SATURATION TIME TIME TIME
CLEARING IPEAK
CLEARING RECTIFIERS
COLLECTOR CURRENT
RECTIFIERS IPEAK
DRAIN CURRENT
PINCHING OFF INDUCTIVE

(AMPS)
(AMPS)
PINCHING OFF INDUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRANSFORMER
TRANSFORMER
SATURATION ON CURRENT
CURRENT TURN-ON TURN-OFF
TURN-ON TURN-OFF CURRENT
CURRENT CURRENT TAIL CURRENT CURRENT
CURRENT
CROWDING
INSTANTANEOUS ENERGY
SECOND PERIOD
BREAKDOWN
LOSS (JOULES)
PERIOD
LOSS (JOULES)
ON LOSS
SATURATION
LOSS
TURN-ON TURN-OFF LOSS TURN-ON TURN-OFF LOSS
LOSS SWITCHING LOSS LOSS SWITCHING LOSS
Figure 17. Stresses and Losses Figure 18. Stresses and Losses
within a Bipolar Power Transistor within a Power MOSFET

SMPSRM
Losses and Stresses within

(continued)
The losses do provide stress in the form of heat

generation within the component. This is not a problem
Bipolar Power
if a reasonable thermal design is used. For bipolar power Transistors
transistors, however, excessive switching losses can also
provide a lethal stress to the transistor in the form of Bipolar power transistors are used in about 50 percent
second breakdown and current crowding failures. Care of the switching power supplies built today. They offer
should be taken in the careful analysis of each transistors several advantages over power MOSFETs in that they
FBSOA and RBSOA operation. have higher breakdown voltages, and are somewhat less
expensive for devices greater than 500 volts.
Bipolar power transistors are current driven devices.
That is, in order to have a current flowing from the
collector to the emitter, one must drive current into the
base. Within switching power supplies, the objective is to
have as small a collector-to-emitter voltage as possible
DIODE VOLTAGE
when the transistor is on. To do this the designer strives

FORWARD VOLTAGE
(VOLTS)
to have the transistor operate in, or close to a saturated

state.
REVERSE VOLTAGE
Saturation is defined as:
I
I
B
u hC
IPK
FE
There are two types of base drive: fixed base drive and
DIODE CURRENT
proportional base drive. In most switching power

(AMPS)
supplies using bipolar transistors whose output power is

FORWARD CONDUCTION CURRENT less than 500 watts, fixed base drive is typically used.
DEGREE OF DIODE Fixed base drive is where the transistor is driven with a
RECOVERY
fixed amount of on drive current sufficiently high to
FORWARD ABRUPTNESS REVERSE
RECOVERY RECOVERY guarantee that the transistor remains saturated at the
TIME (Tfr) TIME (Trr) highest expected peak collector currents. At collector
currents less than the maximum, the transistor exhibits a
condition known as storage time which is a time delay

during the turning off of the transistor and a slower fall
LOSS (JOULES)
time. For better performance, proportional base drive is

used. This drives the transistor to a state just under
FORWARD CONDUCTION LOSS saturation at all peak currents. Very short storage time is
SWITCHING experienced and its switching speed is substantially
LOSS improved. Proportional base drive is more expensive to
implement, so usually it is only used for high power
Figure 19. Stresses and Losses switching power supplies. For the transistor to switch
within Rectifiers fast, the drive current should enter and exit the transistor
fast. To accomplish this special attention should be given
to the drive circuitry. Some common base drive circuits
are shown in Figure 20.

SMPSRM
Bipolar Power Transistors (continued)
VC
VC
ACTIVE TURN-ON, PASSIVE TURN-OFF TOTEM-POLE DRIVE
VC VC
TRANSFORMER COUPLED DRIVE PROPORTIONAL BASE DRIVE
VC
BAKER CLAMP
Figure 20. Common Transistor Base Drive Circuits
One other consideration is from where one draws the winding is used to develop this voltage.
current to drive the base of the transistor. If a voltage of For more information, refer to Application Note
greater than 5 volts is used, then the loss associated with AN875 (Power Transistor Safe Operating Area: Special
driving the base is large. Usually a low voltage auxiliary Considerations for Switching Power Supplies).

SMPSRM
Power MOSFETs
Power MOSFETs are becoming increasingly more be a well bypassed voltage source. This is because the
popular for use as power switches within switching gate of a MOSFET resembles a capacitor which must be
power supplies. MOSFETs have some advantages over charged and discharged in that 100 nS. So it must be
the bipolar transistor such as switching five to ten times capable of sourcing and sinking at least 1.5 ampere peak
faster than bipolar transistors and being easier to drive currents. Bipolar totem pole drives fill this need. The
and use. To the novice designer, it is as close to a logic MC34151 (inverting) and the MC34152 (non-inverting)
switching device as one can get. MOSFET driver ICs provide the drive that MOSFETs
Power MOSFETs are voltage driven devices. That is need to switch fast with an input from a logic-level
its conductivity is determined by a voltage provided on source. The MC33153 and MC33154 are specially
its gate. MOSFETs can be driven directly from controller designed gate drivers for IGBTs. See Figure 21 for some
ICs that have totem pole output drivers with less than of the common gate drives for MOSFETS.
100 nS switching times. The drive source, however, must
+10 V
+5 V
MC34151
Figure 21. Power MOSFET Drive Circuits

SMPSRM
Rectifiers
Choosing the best rectifiers for any switching power graphically multiply the current and voltage waveforms
supply design is an important process. The rectifiers are from the oscilloscope times the frequency of operation.
the largest source of loss within switching power The reverse recovery loss is where the rectifier
supplies. To choose the the best rectifier, one must becomes reverse biased, and current appears to actually
understand the parameters that affect their efficiency. flow backwards through the rectifier. It is actually the
The most important rectifier parameters are the minority carriers being swept from the P-N junction.
forward voltage drop (Vf) and the reverse recovery time Nonetheless, it is a significant loss. This loss is
(trr). The forward voltage drop creates a loss just by minimized by selecting the rectifier with the shortest
having a voltage across the device while high currents are reverse recovery time (trr).
flowing through it. Table 3 shows a summary of the various rectifier
Its conduction loss is described by: technologies that are appropriate in switching power
supplies. For low voltage outputs, Schottky rectifiers are
t on
recommended because of their low forward voltage drop
P
*
fwd loss
+ fop s Vfwd dt and their negligible reverse recovery time. For higher
t+0
output voltages, the ultrafast recovery rectifiers are
recommended because of their very fast reverse recovery
The typical method of measuring this loss is to times.
Table 3. Comparative Information on Rectifiers
Forward Reverse Recovery Forward Recovery

Rectifier Voltage Time Time Relative
Technology (Volts) (nS) (nS) Cost
Fast Recovery 1.0 150 1050 1.0

UltraFast Recovery 0.9 75 50 1.5
Megahertz 1.6 28 2.0
Schottky 0.5 <1.0 1.6
Methods of Control
There are two popular methods of control for PWM pulsewidth modulated waveform in order to drive the
switching power supplies. These center around the power switches in a pulsewidth modulated on/off
parameters sensed within the switching supply; current fashion. The most common voltage-mode control is a
or voltage can be sensed to provide consistent output fixed frequency method of control as shown in Figure 22.
voltages. Motorola offers switching power supply Examples of this type of controller are the MC34060A,
controller ICs which provide a choice of the control MC34166 and TL494.
method.
Voltage-Mode Control OSC

Voltage-mode control is where only the output voltage
is sensed in order to maintain its required voltage level. REF
This type of control can be recognized by the output of
the error amplifier going into a comparator that compares
the error voltage with the ramp created by the oscillator
section of the IC. The comparator, sometimes called the
PWM comparator, converts the error voltage into a Figure 22. Voltage-Mode Control

SMPSRM
Methods of Control (continued)
Another voltage-mode control method used in

quasi-resonant switching power supplies is variable OSC OUTPUT
frequency control as shown in Figure 23. This is a
voltage-mode control since only the output voltage is S
sensed and the output duty cycle (on or off times per Q
REF
second) is controlled. This includes either fixed on-time, R
CURRENT
variable off-time (ZCS) or fixed off-time, variable
FEEDBACK
on-time (ZVS). Examples of control ICs for this type of
control are the MC34066P(ZCS) and MC34067P(ZVS).
VOLTAGE FEEDBACK
Vin Figure 24. Current-Mode Control
OUTPUT
REF LR
This method of control is very fast and provides a very
ONE CR good transient response time; that is, the time it takes to
VCO
SHOT
respond to changes on either the supply input or output.
It tends to be a very robust control method, responding
FAULT
quickly to short-circuit and overload conditions without
VOLTAGE FEEDBACK failures to the supply. Examples of these parts are the
UC3842/3/4/5, MC34023, MC34025 and the MC34129.
Figure 23. Variable Frequency,
Voltage-Mode Control Gated Oscillator Control
Gated oscillator control is a unique, but effective
method of control which is used on several of the
Voltage-mode control is the traditional method.
Motorola control ICs. The typical control circuit of this
Although it provides good output regulation (good
type is shown in Figure 25. It is a form of variable
response to changes in the output load), it is somewhat
frequency control with pulse-by-pulse overcurrent
sluggish to changes in the input voltage, and has trouble
limiting. The IC has a fixed frequency oscillator, but its
sensing a core saturation condition.
output is gated on or off depending upon whether the
output is below the needed output or above the needed
Current-Mode Control
output. It exhibits the robustness of current-mode control
Current-mode control is somewhat new. It senses not since each pulse is current limited. Examples of these
only the output voltage, but the amount of current that types of parts are the UA78S40, MC34063A and
flows through the inductor or transformer. When the MC34163.
output demands more power, the controller allows more
current to enter the inductor or transformer. Conversely, OVERCURRENT
SENSE
if the input voltage suddenly changes, it is immediately
detected by the controller and responds, keeping the Vin OUTPUT
output voltage at its required level. The common method OSC
of current-mode control is called turn-on with clock CT
current-mode control. This means that the frequency of on
operation is determined by an oscillator whose only REF

S Q
purpose is to start each on cycle. R
Current-mode controllers can be identified by the
output of the error amplifier being placed into a VOLTAGE FEEDBACK
comparator where the level of the current ramp is sensed
(Is) as shown in Figure 24. Figure 25. Gated Oscillator Control

SMPSRM
Optoisolated Voltage Feedback

Optoisolators are utilized within switching power Unfortunately, because of the physical limitations of the
supplies for passing signals over isolated boundaries. technology, the optoisolators CTR can drift with
The areas of common usage are analog voltage feedback temperature and age. To compensate for this, an error
across isolated power circuits, drive signals to floating amplifier should be placed on the output prior to the
devices, and passing control signals between isolated optoisolator. This will place the optoisolator inside the
circuits. Optoisolators are made up of a light emitting feedback loop and compensate for any drift that occurs
diode (LED) and a transistor exposed to the LEDs light within the optoisolator. A popular circuit which
via a light path medium. Its primary parameter is the accomplishes this is shown in Figure 26.
current transfer ratio (CTR). This specifies how much One issue that faces the designer with this method of
current one can expect from the output given a current voltage feedback is how much gain is used and where to
being passed through the LED. Its unit is percent. place the feedback loop compensation in the circuit since
The inclusion of isolated outputs and voltage there are two error amplifiers within the loop. Since the
feedback circuits in high input voltages and off-line TL431 is difficult to compensate, it is recommended that
switching power supplies is required by the safety the TL431 be limited to half the needed high frequency
regulatory agencies. Optoisolators are used most gain and then place the compensation on the second error
frequently for the isolated voltage feedback circuits. amplifier within the controller IC.
DIELECTRIC
BARRIER
PRIMARY SIDE SECONDARY

SIDE
Vout (+)
CONTROL IC VREF
MOC8101 RLIM
R1
ERROR
AMP
0.01 10K
Cout
TL431
COMPENSATION R2
Vout
RETURN
Figure 26. Opto Isolated Voltage Feedback for Off-line Switching Power Supplies

SMPSRM
First-Pass Selection of Semiconductors

By using Table 4, it is possible to make reasonable procurement of these samples will avoid delivery delays
choices for the power semiconductors prior to the within the design period.
switching power supply being designed. Each topology The results of each of the defined parameters outlined
presents its own unique set of voltage and current in Table 4 should be considered as minimum parameter
conditions which can be predicted with reasonable values. Parameters such as breakdown voltage ratings
certainty. This allows the designer to select the most should have a margin for any voltage spikes generated by
appropriate power semiconductors very early in the the supply.
design cycle with a high degree of confidence. Early
Table 4. Estimating the Significant Parameters of the Power Semiconductors
Bipolar Power Switch MOSFET Power Switch Rectifier(s)

Topology VCEO IC VDSS ID VR IF
Buck Vin Iout Vin Iout Vin Iout
2.0 P out 2.0 P out
Boost Vout Vout Vout Iout
V V
in(min) in(min)
2.0 P out 2.0 P out
Buck/Boost Vin Vout Vin Vout Vin Vout Iout
V V
in(min) in(min)
2.0 P out 2.0 P out
Flyback 1.7 Vin(max) 1.5 Vin(max) 10 Vout Iout
V V
in(min) in(min)
1.5 P out 1.5 P out
1 Transistor Forward 2.0 Vin 2.0 Vin 3.0 Vout Iout
V V
in(min) in(min)
1.2 P out 1.2 P out
Push-Pull 2.0 Vin 2.0 Vin 2.0 Vout Iout
V V
in(min) in(min)
2.0 P out 2.0 P out
Half-Bridge Vin Vin 2.0 Vout Iout
V V
in(min) in(min)
1.2 P out 1.2 P out
Full-Bridge Vin Vin 2.0 Vout Iout
V V
in(min) in(min)

SMPSRM
Other Design Considerations

Transformers and Inductors
The magnetic elements are the cornerstone of all of voltage spikes. It also delays the other windings from
switching power supply designs but are also the least seeing the transition in the drive winding. Spikes can
understood. There are three types of magnetic cause the semiconductors to enter avalanche breakdown
components inside switching power supplies: a and the part can instantly fail if enough energy is applied.
forward-mode transformer or a flyback-mode It can also cause significant Radio Frequency
transformer, an AC filter inductor, and a DC filter Interference (RFI) problems. A snubber is usually the
inductor. Each has its own design approach. Although the solution, but this lowers the efficiency of the power
design of each of these magnetic components can be supply. Core saturation occurs when there are too few
approached in an organized step-by-step fashion, it is turns on a transformer or inductor. This causes the flux
beyond the intent of this guide. For further information density to be too high and at high input voltages or long
regarding their design, refer to the Practical Switching
pulsewidths, the core can enter saturation. Saturation is
Power Supply Design reference book.
when the cores cross sectional area can no longer support
The design and the winding technique used in the
additional lines of flux. This causes the permeability of
magnetic components design has a great bearing on the
the core to drop, and the inductance value to drop
reliability of the overall power supply. Two situations
drastically. This makes the inductor or winding stop
arise from a poor transformer design; high voltage spikes
are generated by the rate of transitions in current within being an AC current limiting device and it turns into a
the switching supply, and the possibility of core short circuit. Hence, within microseconds, a nice linear
saturation can arise during an abnormal operational current ramp can go from a few amps to tens or hundreds
mode. Voltage spikes are caused by a physically loose of amps thus causing the semiconductor switch to fail.
winding construction of a transformer. The power supply Indications of this condition can be determined by
depends upon the quick transmission of transitions in placing an oscilloscope current probe on the winding and
current and voltage between the transformer windings. if the linear current waveform begins to exponentially
When the windings are physically wound distant from rise upwards, then the saturation condition is being
one another, the leakage inductances store and release a entered. One then needs to revisit the design and in most
portion of the energy inputted into a winding in the form cases add more turns to the windings.

SMPSRM
Other Design Considerations (continued)
Cores but require special equipment to manufacture the

transformer or inductor and more labor.
Cores come in many shapes and sizes. The three most
Torroid cores radiate less RFI energy than many of
common core types are shown in Figure 27. There are
bobbin cores, and thus may aid in the physical RFI design
many more types, but they are all based upon these basic
later in the design. For transformers that require airgaps,
styles. Some of the important considerations when
selecting a core type are core material, cost, the output some ferrite, bobbin cores offer better RFI shielding than
power of the power supply, the physical volume the others, such as the pot core and those cores derived from
transformer or inductor must fit within, and the amount pot cores. The pot core offers less wire winding area than
of RFI shielding the core must provide. the E-E core families. So tradeoffs abound at this stage of
For modern switching power supplies the commonly the design.
used core materials are F, K, & N materials from One thing to keep in mind during this phase of a
Magnetics, Inc., 3C8, & 3C85 from FerroxCube, Inc. or switching power supply design is that it is next to
H7C4 & H7C40 materials from TDK. These ferrite impossible to make a wrong choice since all of the cores
materials offer the lowest core losses at the operating can be made to work in the applications. Even the
frequencies between 80 KHz to 1.0 MHz. determinations of the number of turns should be
When selecting the style of the core, the designer considered a calculated guess. Only the turns on the
should not only consider the initial cost of the core itself, secondary of a transformer need to be somewhat precise
but the labor costs associated with manufacturing the in order to get the output voltages needed by the power
transformer or inductor. Bobbin style cores are generally supply.
more expensive to buy, but generally require less labor to Note: Finished inductive devices are easy to order in
manufacture. Torroid cores are less expensive initially, large volume from several winding suppliers.
A. TORROID B. E-E CORE C. POT CORE
Figure 27. Common Core Types

SMPSRM
Snubbers and Clamps

Snubbers and clamps are used for two very different for preventing components such as semiconductors and
purposes. When misapplied, the reliability of the capacitors from entering avalanche breakdown.
semiconductors within the power supply is greatly Bipolar power transistors suffer from current
jeopardized. crowding which is an instantaneous failure mode. If a
A snubber is used for reducing the level of a voltage voltage spike occurs during the turn-off voltage
spike and decreasing the rate of change of a voltage transition of greater than 75 percent of its VCEO rating, it
waveform. This has its benefits in the Safe Operating may have too much current crowding stress. Here both
Area (SOA) of the semiconductors, and it lowers the the rate of change of the voltage and the peak voltage of
spectral content of any radiated RFI thus radiating less the spike must be controlled. A snubber is needed to bring
RF energy. the transistor within its RBSOA rating.
A clamp is used only for reducing the level of a voltage Typical snubber and clamp circuits are shown in
spike. It has no affect on the dV/dt of the transition. Figure 28. The effects that these have on a representative
Therefore it is not very useful for reducing RFI. It is useful switching waveform are shown in Figure 29.
ZENER SOFT SNUBBER SNUBBER SOFT ZENER

CLAMP CLAMP CLAMP CLAMP
Figure 28. Common Methods for Controlling Voltage Spikes and/or RFI
CLAMP
SNUBBER
VOLTAGE (VOLTS)
ORIGINAL
WAVEFORM
t, TIME (sec)
Figure 29. The Effects of a Snubber versus a Clamp

SMPSRM
The Printed Circuit Board Layout

The printed circuit board (PCB) layout is the third hazard to its operator and must be inspected, qualified,
most sensitive portion of every switching power supply and approved by the relevant safety regulatory body for
design following the basic design and the magnetics the anticipated market. In the U.S. it is UL, in Canada it
design. The lack of quality in its layout can adversely is the CSA, and in Europe VDE is the common agency.
affect RFI radiation, component reliability, efficiency Designing for safety has definite affects on the physical
and stability. design of the switching power supply. One should pursue
First, all PCB traces exhibit inductance and resistance. knowledgeable consultants or acquire the relevant safety
These can cause high voltage transitions whenever there specifications.
is a high rate of change in current flowing through the Safety factors affect the design and construction of the
trace. For operational amplifiers sharing a trace with power supplies. The key factors are the physical
power signals, it means that the supply would be separation of the input power source to the outputs and
impossible to stabilize. For traces that are too narrow for any component that allows the passing of 50/60 Hz AC
the current flowing through them, it means a voltage drop current from the input to the output. The construction and
from one end of the trace to the other which potentially design of the transformer, PCB and the enclosure are
can be an antenna for RFI. affected. Schematically it is the input filter design and the
There are two rules of thumb for PCB layouts: short feedback and signaling design.
and fat for all power carrying traces and one point The important terms used by the regulatory agencies
grounding for the three different types of grounds within are, creepage, clearance, dielectric strength or Hipot.
a switching power supply. Traces that are short and fat Creepage is the distance between two isolated points
minimize the inductive and resistive aspects of the trace, along a surface. Clearance is the separation distance
thus reducing noise within the circuits and RFI. One point between two isolated points in air. Dielectric strength is
grounding keeps the noise sources separated from the the voltage breakdown testing of all components that are
sensitive control circuits. The three types of grounds are connected between isolated circuits. The test consists of
the input power return ground, the output power return applying a high AC or DC voltage between the input and
ground and the low-level control ground. the output and earth ground and checking that the current
Attention should be paid to the layout around the filter conducted is less than the specified amount. It is
capacitors. If paralleled capacitors are in a line, the recommended that a DC HIPOT test be used when testing
capacitor closest to the source of the ripple current will all switching power supplies due to possible AC
get hot, the other wont see this level of AC current and avalanche problems.
thus wont evenly share the ripple current. Any paralleled When the designer is debugging an off-line power
capacitors should be laid out radially symmetric about supply on the bench, several personal safety precautions
the ripple current source which is typically a rectifier or must be followed.
power switch. Use an isolation transformer between the wall socket
and the power supply.
Off-line Switching Power Supply Design Float the earth ground leads on the power cords of
and Safety Tips ALL test equipments.
Do not hook the scope or test equipments between
Any power supply that operates from an input voltage grounds. Disconnect all signal wires and relocate
of greater than 30 VAC or 42.5 VDC is considered a them.

SMPSRM
SWITCHMODE Power Supply Examples

This section provides both initial and detailed information to simplify the selection and design of a variety of
SWITCHMODE power supplies. The ICs for Switching Power Supplies figure identifies control, reference voltage,
output protection and switching regulator ICs for various topologies.
Page
ICs for Switching Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Integrated circuits identified for various sections of a switching power supply.
Suggested Components for Specific Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
A list of suggested control ICs, power transistors and rectifiers for SWITCHMODE power supplies by application.
CRT Display System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
AC/DC Power Supply for CRT Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
AC/DC Power Supply for Storage, Imaging & Entertainment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
DCDC Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Typical PC ForwardMode SMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Real SMPS Applications
15 W 3.3/5 V TwoOutput SMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
80 W Power Factor Correction Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Compact Power Factor Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Low Wattage Constant Current, Constant Voltage SMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Monitor PulsedMode SMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
70 W Wide Mains TV SMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
100 W Wide Mains TV SMPS with 1.3 W Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
LowCost Offline IGBT Battery Charger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
110 W Output Flyback SMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Efficient Safety Circuit for Electronic Ballast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Lamp Ballast with Power Factor Correction (Evaluation Board) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Universal 50Watt Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
ACDC Battery Charger Constant Current with Voltage Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Some of these circuits may have a more complete application note, spice model information or even an evaluation board
available. Consult Motorolas website (http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com) or local sales office for more information.

30
SMPSRM
Figure 30. Intergrated Ciruits for
OUTPUT FILTERS

POWER SWITCHES MBRS240L OUTPUT DCDC CONVERSION
POWER FACTOR MBRS360 PROTECTION
CORRECTION MMG05N60D SNUBBER/ MBR360 MC34063A
MTB3N60ET4 CLAMP MC3423
MC33262 MBRD360 MC34163
MTD1N60E MC3425
MC33368 1.5KExxxA MURS360 MC34166
MTP1N60E MC33064
MC33260 MUR160 MUR360 MC34167
MTB2N60E MC33164
1N400x MURS160 MBR1100 LM2574/5/6
MTP2N60E MC33161
Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com
MUR1100 MTP3N60E P6SMB1x0A MURHB860CT/T4 MC33463

MC33464
MRA400x MTP6N60E P6KE1x0A MURHF860CT MC33466
MC33465
POWER FACTOR POWER SNUBBER/ TRANS OUTPUT OUTPUT VOLTAGE

CORRECTION SWITCH CLAMP FORMERS FILTERS PROTECTION REGULATION
DCDC
CONVERSION Vref
PWM
REF
FIXED MC33160 MC78TXX
OSC
MC78FCxx MC33263 ADJUSTABLE
MC78LCxx MC33275 LM317L
STARTUP CONTROL VOLTAGE MC78BCxx MC33375 LM2931C
FEEDBACK
MC78PCxx MC78Mxx LP2951
MC33362 MC33264 MC79Mxx LM317M
MC33363A/B TL431/A/B LM2931 MC33267 LM337M
MC33365 MC44603A MC33065 MC33202 LP2950 MC33268 MC33269
MC33369 MC33374 MC44604 MC33023 MC3341 LP2951 MC33269 LM317
MC44605 MC33025 MC78Lxx MC78xx LM337
SWITCHING REGULATORS MMBZ52xx
MC44608 MC33066 VOLTAGE MC79Lxx MC79xx LM350
SCGs Integrated Solutions MMSZ52xx MC33067 FEEDBACK
MC33364
MMSZ46xx VOLTAGE REGULATION
UC3842B UC3845B
STARTUP CONTROL
Figure 30. Integrated Circuits for Switching Power Supplies

Figure 31.
Supplies
Monitor
Power
15
RWM Video
Monitor On Screen Display Driver
12C BUS Generator
MCU 10101100101
R
Overlayed
RGB RGB
SYNC PROCESSOR V_Sync
G CRT
V_Sync
1280 H_Sync
x
H_Sync 1024
RGB B
HC05
CPU
CORE MEMORY
PWM
or 12C R
Vertical
G Driver
RGB
B
DOWN
USB HUB HDriver TR
IRF510/11
MTD6N10/15
UP Geometry Correction HDriver
MC33370
Line Driver
MC33363A/B
USB & Auxiliary Standby
AC/DC IRF630 / 640 / 730 /740 / 830 / 840
Power Supply Damper Diode
V_Sync Timebase Processor HOutput TR MUR10150E
DC TO DC MFW16212 MUR5150E
Line H_Sync CONTROLLER MJL16218 MUR8100E
A.C. MTP8N60E MUR4100E
UC3842/3 MUR460
PFC Devices IRF630/740
MC34262 MTP6P20E
S.M.P.S
MC33368 Controller
MC33260
UC3842
MC44603/5
MC44608
SMPSRM
Sync MUR420
Signal MUR440
MUR460 Figure 31. 15 Monitor Power Supplies
31
SMPSRM
Startup Ultrafast
Rectifier +
Switch
Rectifier
Load
+ Bulk
Storage
Capacitor
PWM MOSFET
Control
AC IC noutputs
Line Prog.
Prec.
PWM Switcher Ref
Figure 32. AC/DC Power Supply for CRT Displays
Table 5.
Part # Description Key Parameters Samples/Prod.
MC33262 PFC Control IC Critical Conduction PFC Controller Now/Now
MC33368 PFC Control IC Critical Conduction PFC Controller + Internal Startup Now/Now
MC33260 PFC Control IC Low System Cost, PFC with Synchronization Now/Now
Capability, Follower Boost Mode, or Normal Mode
MC33365 PWM Control IC Fixed Frequency Controller + 700 V Startup, 1 A Now/Now
Power Switch
MC33364 PWM Control IC Variable Frequency Controller + 700 V Startup Switch Now/Now
MC44603A/604 PWM Control IC GREENLINE, Sync. Facility with Low Standby Mode Now/Now
MC44605 PWM Control IC GREENLINE, Sync. Facility, Currentmode Now/Now
MC44608 PWM Control IC GREENLINE, Fixed Frequency (40 kHz, 75 kHz and Now/2Q99
100 kHz options), Controller + Internal Startup, 8pin
MC333704 High Voltage Switching Regulator 700 V, Fixed Frequency PWM, Voltage Mode Now/Now
Integrated Power Switch Circuit
MTP6N60E MOSFET 600 V, 6 A, Rds (on) = 1.2 V Now/Now
MTW14N50E MOSFET 500 V, 14 A, Rds (on) = 0.4 V Now/Now
MSR860 Ultrasoft Rectifier 600 V, 8 A, trr = 55 ns, Ir max = 1 uA Now/Now
MUR440 Ultrafast Rectifier 400 V, 4 A, trr = 50 ns, Ir max = 10 uA Now/Now
MRA4006T3 Fast Recovery Rectifier 800 V, 1 A, Vf = 1.1 V @ 1.0 A Now/Now
MR856 Fast Recovery Rectifier 600 V, 3 A, Vf = 1.25 V @ 3.0 A Now/Now

SMPSRM
Startup Ultrafast
Rectifier +
Switch
Rectifier
Load
+ Bulk
Storage
Capacitor
PWM MOSFET
Control
AC IC noutputs
Line Prog.
Prec.
PWM Switcher Ref
Figure 33. AC/DC Power Supply for Storage,

Imaging & Entertainment
Table 6.
MC33363A/B/65 PWM Control IC Controller + 700 V Startup & Power Switch, < 15 W Now/Now
MC333704 High Voltage Switching Regulator 700 V Fixed Frequency PWM, Voltage Mode Now/Now
Integrated Power Switch Circuit
MC33364 PWM Control IC Critical Conduction Mode, SMPS Controller Now/Now
TL431B Program Precision Reference 0.4% Tolerance, Prog. Output up to 36 V, Temperature Now/Now
Compensated
MTP6N60E MOSFET 600 V, 6 A Rds (on) = 1.2 Now/Now
MSRD620CT Ultrasoft Rectifier 200 V, 6 A, trr = 55 ns, Ir max = 1 uA Now/Now
MR856 Fast Recovery Rectifier 600 V, 3 A, Vf = 1.25 V @ 3.0 A Now/Now

SMPSRM
Lo Lo
Voltage
+ Regulation + + +
V in Co Vout V in Co Vout
Load Control IC Load
Control IC

Buck Regulator Synchronous Buck Regulator
Figure 34. DC DC Conversion
Table 7.
MC33263 Low Noise, Low Dropout 150 mA; 8 Outputs 2.8 V 5 V; SOT 23L 6 Lead Now/Now
Regulator IC Package
MC33269 Medium Dropout Regulator IC 0.8 A; 3.3; 5, 12 V out; 1 V diff; 1% Tolerance Now/Now
MC33275/375 Low Dropout Regulator 300 mA; 2.5, 3, 3.3, 5 V out Now/2Q99
LP2950/51 Low Dropout, Fixed Voltage IC 0.1 A; 3, 3.3, 5 V out; 0.38 V diff; 0.5% Tolerance Now/Now
MC78PC CMOS LDO Linear Voltage Iout = 150 mA, Available in 2.8 V, 3 V, 3.3 V, 5 V; SOT Now/Now
Regulator 23 5 Leads
LM2574/75/76 Control IC w/integrated FET 0.5 3 A; 7 40 V in; 3.3, 5, 12, 15 & adj out Now/Now
MC33470 Synchronous Buck Regulator IC Digital Controlled; Vcc = 7 V; Fast Response Now/Now
MMDFS2P102R2 PCh FET w/Schottky in SO8 20 V, 2 A, 160 mW FET/1 A, Vf = 0.46 V Schottky Now/Now
MMDFS6N303R2 NCh FET w/Schottky in SO8 30 V, 6 A, 35 mW FET/3 A, Vf = 0.42 V Schottky Now/Now
MMDFS3P303R2 PCh FET w/Schottky in SO8 30 V, 3 A, 100 mW FET/3 A, Vf = 0.42 V Schottky Now/Now
MBRM140T3 1A Schottky in Powermite 40 V, 1 A, Vf = 0.43 @ 1 A; Ir = 0.4 mA @ 40 V Now/Now
Package
MBRA130LT3 1A Schottky in SMA Package 40 V, 1 A, Vf = 0.395 @ 1 A; Ir = 1 mA @ 40 V Now/Now
MBRS2040LT3 2A Schottky in SMB Package 40 V, 2 A, Vf = 0.43 @ 2 A; Ir = 0.8 mA @ 40 V Now/Now
MMSF3300 Single NCh MOSFET in SO8 30 V, 11.5 A(1), 12.5 mW @ 10 V Now/Now
MMSF3302 Single NCh MOSFET in DPAK 30 V, 18.3 A(1), 10 mW @ 10 V Now/Now
MTSF2P03HD Single PCh MOSFET in 30 V, 2.7 A, 90 mW @ 10 V Now/Now
Micro 8 Package
MGSF3454X/V Single NCh MOSFET in 30 V, 4.2 A, 65 mW @ 10 V Now/Now
TSOP6
MGSF3441X/V Single PCh MOSFET in 20 V, 3.3 A, 100 mW @ 4.5 V Now/Now
TSOP6
(1) Continuous at TA = 25 C, Mounted on 1 square FR4 or G10, VGS = 10 V t 10 seconds

Part No. V RRM (V) I o (A) Package V RRM (V) I o (A)
Part No. Package
MBR160 60 1 Axial MBR2535CTL 35 25 TO220
+3.3 V 14 A
+ Part No. V RRM (V) I o (A) Package
Part No. V RRM (V) I o (A) Package
IN540x Series 400 X1000 3 Axial MBR2535CTL
MBR2545CT
35
45
25
25
TO220
TO220
+5 V 22 A MBR3045ST 45 30 TO220
+ MBRF2545CT 45 25 TO220
Mains + MBR3045PT 45 30 TO218
Voltage 230 Vac
MBR3045WT 45 30 TO247
Standby
5 V 0.1 A
+12 V 6 A
MBR2060CT 60 20 TO220
+ MBR20100CT 100 20 TO220
Package MBR20200CT 200 20 TO220
Part No.
MUR1620CT 200 16 TO220
MC33369 DIP8 MUR1620CTR 200 16 TO220
MC33370 DIP8/TO220 5 V 0.5 A MURF1620CT 200 16 TO220
MC33371 DIP8/TO220
MC33372 DIP8/TO220 Part No. V RRM (V) I o (A) Package
+
MC33373 DIP8/TO220 MBRS340T3 40 3 SMC
PWM MBRD340 40 3 DPAK
Part No. Package IC
12 V 0.8 A 1N5821 30 3 Axial
U384X Series DIP8/SO8/SO14 1N5822 40 3 Axial
MC34060 DIP14/SO14 MBR340 40 3 Axial
+
TL494 DIP16/SO16
TL594 DIP16/SO16 Part No. V RRM (V) I o (A) Package
MC34023 DIP16/SO16
MC44608 DIP8 MATRIX MBR3100 100 3 Axial
MC44603 DIP16/SO16
MC44603A DIP16/SO16
MOSFET
Part No. V DSS (V) I p (A) Package
ATX Forward Mode SMPS

Figure 35. Typical 200 W
Part No. Package
MTB/P6N60E 600 6 D2PAK/TO220
MTP4N80E 800 4 TO220 TL431 TO92
MTW7N80E 800 7 TO220
X
X
MUR1xxxE Series 600 1000 1 Axial
600 1000
X
MUR4xxxE Series 4 Axial
SMPSRM
MR7xxx Series 600 1000 6 Axial
1N4937 600 1 Axial
Figure 35. Typical 200 W ATX Forward Mode SMPS
35
SMPSRM
Application: 15 W 3.3/5 V TwoOutput SMPS

L1
TP6 D7 3.3 mH
F1
MBR350 5 V/1.7 A
1.0 A 1N5406
D1
180 to 264 D3 C3 Z1 + + R4 TP8 VR1
1.5KE200A 15 k
or 90 to 132 R1 C8 C9
VAC Input D2 + 3.9 k D5 470 mF 470 mF +
C1 MUR160 C4 R6
D4 1/2 IC2 C10
33 mF R8
D6 0.1 mF 22 k
250 V 330 k CNY17F 150 mF
TP7 R7
S1 C2 +MUR
+ R9 C7 120 8.2 k C11
33 mF IC3
250 V 330 k TP1 10 mF R5 1.0 mF
TL431 15 k
TP9 L2
1/2 IC2 D8 3.3 mH VR2
CNY17F2 MBR350 5k 3.3 V/2 A
MC + + +
33374
TP2 C12 C13 C14 C15
TP4
TP5 680 mF 680 mF 150 mF 1.0 mF
R3 TP1
R2
3.6 PB1 C16
100
C6 + C5 ON/OFF 1.0 nF
47 mF 0.01 mF
TP3
Figure 36. 15 W 3.3/5 V TwoOutputs SMPS
Features:
Reduced part count, lowcost solution.
Motorola Advantages:
Complete semiconductor solution based around highly integrated MC33374T.
Devices:
Part Number Description
MC33374T High Voltage Power Switching Regulator
1.5KE200A Transient Voltage Suppressor (200 V)
MUR160 Axial Lead Ultrafast Recovery Rectifier (600 V)
MBR350 Axial Lead Schottky Rectifier (50 V)
TL431 Programmable Precision Reference
1N5406 General Purpose Rectifier (600 V)
Transformer Core: E20/10/6

Ferrite Material: N67 from Siemens or equivalent
Bobbin: B66206 from Siemens or equivalent
Primary: 90 turns of #32 AWG, two layers 0.002 mylar tape
Secondary1: 2 x 4 turns of #23 AWG, two layers 0.002 mylar tape
Secondary2: 2 x 3 turns of #23 AWG, two layers 0.002 mylar tape
Auxiliary: 16 turns of #32 AWG, two layers 0.002 mylar tape
Gap: 0.248 mm for primary inductance of 1.307 mH

SMPSRM
Application: 80 W Power Factor Controller
1 C5 100 k
R6 1N4934
8 D6
D2 D4 +
+ 36 V 100
ZERO CURRENT 1.2 V C4
FILTER
92 to DETECTOR T
RFI
138 Vac D1 D3 + 6.7 V 5 22 k

1.6 V/ R4
1.4 V
UVLO
2.5 V
REFERENCE + 13 V/ MUR130
8.0 V
D5 VO
TIMER R 16 V 230 V/
10 MTP
7 0.35 A
DRIVE 8N50E
DELAY Q1 +
OUTPUT 220
RS 10
C3
LATCH
2.2 M 1.0 M
R5 20 k 4 R2
1.5 V OVERVOLTAGE 0.1
10 pF
COMPARATOR R7
CURRENT
SENSE
COMPARATOR + 1.08 V
ref
ERROR AMP
10 mA +
MULTIPLIER Vref 1
0.01 7.5 k 3
C2 R3 11 k
QUICKSTART R1
6 2
0.68
C1
Figure 37. 80 W Power Factor Controller
Features:
Reduced part count, lowcost solution.
Complete semiconductor solution based around highly integrated MC33262.
Devices:
MC33262 Power Factor Controller
MTP8N50E t
TMOS Power MOSFET
Transformer Coilcraft N2881A

Primary: 62 turns of #22 AWG
Secondary: 5 turns of #22 AWG
Core: Coilcraft PT2510
Gap: 0.072 total for a primary inductance (Lp) of 320 mH

SMPSRM
Application: Compact Power Factor Correction
Vcc
FUSE 0.33 F
1N5404 + L1
10 F/
MAINS
AC LINE 100 nF FILTER
16 V MUR460 Vout
+ 100 F/
450 V
1 8
MTP8N50E
MC33260
100 nF 2 7
10 W
3 6
4 5
12 kW
1 MW
120 pF
45 kW 1 MW
0.5 W/3 W
Figure 38. Compact Power Factor Correction

Features :
Lowcost system solution for boost mode follower.
Meets IEC100032 standard.
Critical conduction, voltage mode.
Follower boost mode for system cost reduction smaller inductor and MOSFET can be used.
Inrush current detection.
Protection against overcurrent, overvoltage and undervoltage.
Motorola advantages:
Very low component count.
No Auxiliary winding required.
High reliability.
Complete semiconductor solution.
Significant system cost reduction.
Devices:
MTP8N50E t
TMOS Power Field Effect Transistor (NChannel)
MUR460 Ultrafast Recovery Rectifier (600 V)

SMPSRM
Application: Low Wattage Constant Current Constant Voltage

SMPS
F1 MBR350 L2
C1 + C2 + C9 3.3 mH
0.047 mF 10 mF
L1 DB1 C3
47 pF 330 mF R11 C11 + C12
2.2 k W 100 mF 1 mF
P6KE200A U2
R1 T
3.9 k W R13
MUR160 Np Ns 68 W
MUR120 R4
47 W R5
100 W
+ Naux 1N5235B
C6
10 mF
5 4 CNY17F2
C5 1 nF 2N3904
MC33370P
U2 R6 R8
6 3
C4 47 mF 2.2 W 1W
7 2 +
R2 39 W R7 R9
8 1 C8 22 W 22 W
2.2 nF
Figure 39. Low Wattage ConstantCurrent ConstantVoltage SMPS

Features:
ConstantCurrent ConstantVoltage SMPS: 7.6 V/600 mA
Brownout Protection/Level Switch ON/OFF/Toggle ON/OFF.
Low component count due to high system integration level.
Lower power required in standby mode.
No additional circuitry required for on/off control function.
Smaller circuit board area for complete power converter system solution.
Low cost CICV control with an NPN transistor and Zener diode.
Devices:
MC33370P High Voltage Power Switching Regulator
MUR160 Ultrafast Recitifier (600 V)
MUR120 Ultrafast Rectifier (200 V)
MBR350 Schottky Rectifier (50 V)
2N3904 NPN Bipolar Transistor (TO92)
1N5271B Zener diode (100 V)
P6KE200A Zener diode (200 V)
1N5235B Zener diode (6.8 V)
Inductor, L1 22 mH (Siemens) Commonmode choke
Transformer Core Type: E13/7/4

Ferrite Material: N67 from Siemens or equivalent
Bobbin: B66202 from Siemens or equivalent
Primary: 133 turns of #35 AWG, three layers 0.002 mylar tape
Auxiliary: 27 turns of #38 AWG, two layers 0.002 mylar tape
Secondary: 8 turns of #26 AWG, triple insulated wire
Gap: 0.137 mm for a primary inductance of 2.002 mH

SMPSRM
Application: Monitor PulsedMode SMPS

90 Vac to
270 Vac
22 H
RFI 1 nF/1 kV 90 V/0.1 A
FILTER
MR856
+ +
1 nF/500 V 4.7 MW
47 F 47 F
1W Vin 120 pF
D1 D4
3.9 kW/6 W
1N5404 150 F
4.7 kW
400 V
1N4148
1N4934 MCR226
1 nF/500 V 2W 100 nF
22 kW
1N4934
SYNC MR856 45 V/
47 F + + 1A
25 V
1000 F
3.3 kW
MR856
1 H
1.2 kW 10 pF 47 kW SMT31
9 8
2.2 nF
10 7 MR852 15 V/
+
4.7 F 2.2 kW 470 pF 0.8 A
+ 11 6 1000 F
8.2 kW 4.7 F + Lp
MC44605P
10 V
12 5
22 470
560 kW
4.7 F+ 150 kW
kW
nF 1N4148
10 V
13 4 470 pF 10 V/
MR852 +
2.2 nF MTP8N50E 0.3 A
56 kW
14 3
10 W 220 F
1N4934
15 2 1 kW
270 W
16 1
470 W MBR360 8 V/
0.1 W
+
56 kW 1.5 A
10 kW 4700 F
MOC8107 100 W
1.8 MW
10 kW 96.8 kW
Vin 100 nF
TL431
12 V
2.7 kW
2.7 kW
1 kW 100 nF
BC237B VmP
FROM mP
0: STANDBY
1: NORMAL MODE
Figure 40. Monitor PulsedMode SMPS

SMPSRM
Features:
Off power consumption: 40 mA drawn from the 8 V output in Burst mode.
Vac (110 V) about 1 watt
Vac (240 V) about 3 watts
Efficiency (pout = 85 watts)
Around 77% @ Vac (110 V)
Around 80% @ Vac (240 V)
Maximum Power limitation.
Overtemperature detection.
Winding short circuit detection.
Designed around high performance current mode controller.
Builtin latched disabling mode.
Devices:
MC44605P t
High Safety Latched Mode GREENLINE Controller
For (Multi) Synchronized Applications
MTP8N50E t t
TMOS EFET Power Field Effect Transistor (NChannel)
MR856 Fast Recovery Rectifier (600 V)
MBR360 Axial Lead Schottky Rectifier (60 V)
BC237B NPN Bipolar Transistor
1N5404 GeneralPurpose Rectifier (400 V)
Transformer G635100 (SMT31M) from Thomson Orega

Primary Inductance: 207 mH
Area: 190 nH/turns2
Primary Turns: 33
Turns (90 V): 31

SMPSRM
Application: 70 W Wide Mains TV SMPS
95 Vac to
265 Vac
F1
C30 FUSE 1.6 A
100 nF
250 Vac
RFI
LF1 FILTER
C19
1 nF/1 kV
R21
4.7 MW
D1D4
1N4007
C1 R16
3.8 MW 220 mF 68 kW/2 W C15 220 pF L3
22 H
C4C5 115 V/0.45 A
1 nF/1 kV R7 D13 C26
68 kW/1 W
D12
1N4148 4.7 nF
MR856 C20 D23
C16 47 F 47 F
D15
100 F
1N4148 D7
L1
IN4937
C9 R19 1 H
27 kW
15 V/1.5 A
100 nF
9 8
C11 D5
C8 560 pF C21
100 pF R22 MR854
10 7 1000 F
C10 1 F
C12 1 kW
R3 1 nF
22 kW
11 6
15 kW
MC44603AP
R18 11 V/0.5 A
12 5
5.6 kW
180 kW D8
13 4 C22
C7 Q1 MR854
R15 1000 F
1 MW 10 nF MTA4N60E
14 3
R20 47W R8
15 2 1 kW OREGA TRANSFORMER
R4 R9 150W G619100
3.9 kW THOMSON TV COMPONENTS
16 1
R5 R33 C14
2.2 kW 0.31 W 220 pF
R14 R13
47 kW 10 kW
Figure 41. 70 W Wide Mains TV SMPS

SMPSRM
Features:
70 W output power from 95 to 265 Vac.
Efficiency
@ 230 Vac = 86%
@ 110 Vac = 84%
"
Load regulation (115 Vac) = 0.8 V.
"
Cross regulation (115 Vac) = 0.2 V.
Frequency 20 kHz fully stable.
DIP16 or SO16 packaging options for controller.
Meets IEC emi radiation standards.
A narrow supply voltage design (80 W) is also available.
Devices:
MC44603AP Enhanced Mixed Frequency Mode
t
GREENLINE PWM Controller
MTA4N60E t t
TMOS EFET Power Field Effect Transistor (NChannel)
Transformer Thomson Orega SMT18

SMPSRM
Application: Wide Mains 100 W TV SMPS with 1.3 W TV Standby
F1
C31
100 nF
RFI C19
47283900 R F6 2N2FY
FILTER
C3
1 nF R16 4.7 MW/4 kV
C11
D1D4 220 pF/500 V
1N5404
+ C5 R1 112 V/0.45 A
220 mF 22 kW 14 1
C4 400 V 5W D18 MR856 +
1 nF J3
C12 C13 2
C6
12 47 F/250 V 100 nF
D5 47 nF 16 V/1.5 A
1N4007 D6 630 V 3
R5 100 kW MR856
R7 47 k C17 120 pF
6 1 1
J4
D12 DZ1
D7 2
1N4934 MCR226
1N4148
7 11 8 V/1 A
1 8 2 D9 MR852 3
+ C7 C14 +
22 mF 1000 F/35 V
MC44608P75
Isense
2 7
16 V 10
Vcc
3 6 C9 C16 R19
470 pF 100 pF 18 kW D13
630 V 1N4148
4 5
R2
10 W 8
D14 D10 + R12 C18
C8 MR856 MR852
100 nF C15 1 kW 100 nF
R17 9 1000 F/16 V
2.2 kW
R4 3.9 kW 5W
R3
0.27 W
R21 47 W ON OFF
R9
100 kW
OPT1
R10 ON = Normal mode
10 kW OFF = Pulsed mode
C19
33 nF
R11 DZ3
47 kW 10 V DZ2 R8
TL431CLP 2.4 kW
Figure 42. Wide Mains 100 W TV SMPS with Secondary

Reconfiguration for 1.3 W TV Standby

SMPSRM
Features:
Off power consumption: 300mW drawn from the 8V output in pulsed mode.
Pin = 1.3W independent of the mains.
Efficiency: 83%
Maximum power limitation.
Overtemperature detection.
Demagnetization detection.
Protection against open loop.
Very low component count controller.
Fail safe open feedback loop.
Programmable pulsedmode power transfer for efficient system standby mode.
Standby losses independent of the mains value.
Devices:
MC44608P75 t
GREENLINE Very High Voltage PWM Controller
MTP6N60E TMOS Power Field Effect Transistor (NChannel)
Transformer SMT19 4034629 (9 slots coil former)

Primary inductance: 181 mH
Nprimary: 40 turns
N 112 V: 40 turns
N 16 V: 6 turns
N 8 V: 3 turns

SMPSRM
Application: LowCost Offline IGBT Battery Charger
130 to 350 V DC +
R1 D1 C3 8 V at 400 mA
+ +
220 mF/
C2
150 1N4148 10 V
220 mF/
D3 10 V
R3 C10
R13 MBRS240LT3
220 k 1 nF D4
100 k D5 R2
1N4937 150
1N4148
R1 M1 R11
+ MMG05N60D 113 k
120 k
C3
R5
10 mF/ IC1
350 V 1k MOC8103
MC14093
R5
1.2 k 8 7 6 5
+
C8
MC33341 1 mF
+
1 2 3 4 D4
C7 R9 C4 12 V
10 mF 47 nF
470 R12
D2 C5 R2 20 k
R9
12 V 1 nF Q1 C9 3.9
100 Q5
MBT3946DW 1 nF
R10
0V
Figure 43. LowCost Offline IGBT Battery Charger

Features:
Universal ac input.
3 Watt capability for charging portable equipment.
Light weight.
Space saving surface mount design.
Specialprocess IGBT (Normal IGBTs will not function properly in this application).
Off the shelf components.
Spice model available for MC33341.
Devices:
MMG05N60D Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor in SOT223 Package
MC33341 Power Supply Battery Charger Regulator Control Circuit
MBT3946DW Dual General Purpose (Bipolar) Transistors
MBRS240LT3 Surface Mount Schottky Power Rectifier
MC14093 Quad 2Input NAND Schmitt Trigger
1N4937 GeneralPurpose Rectifier (600 V)

SMPSRM
Application: 110 W Output Flyback SMPS

180 VAC TO 280 VAC C3
1 nF / 1 KV
RFI
FILTER R1
1W/5W R3
C4C7 4.7 kW
1 nF / 1000 V
C32 220 pF
120 V / 0.5 A
C1 R20
D1D4 100 mF 22 kW D8
D5
1N4007 5W
1N4934 MR856
C30 C31
C2 100 mF 0.1 mF
220 mF
C17
47 nF
R2
68 kW / 2 W L1 D7
C29 220 pF
R4 1 mH MR856
27 kW Laux 28 V / 1 A
9 8
C16 R9 D6
100 pF 1 kW
D9
C9 820 pF 1N4148 MR852
10 7 C27 C28
C15 R5
C10 1 mF 1 nF 1.2 kW 1000 mF 0.1 mF
11 6 LP
R7
180 kW C14
MC44603P
12 5 4.7 nF R6 C26 220 pF

180 W
R15 R8
10 kW 15 kW
13 4 15 V / 1 A
C11
MTP6N60E D10
1 nF
14 3 MR852
R10 R26 C25 C24
R16 10 W 1 kW 1000 mF 0.1 mF
10 kW 15 2
16 1 C23 220 pF
R18 R19 R14 8V/1A
27 kW 10 kW 2 X 0.56 W//
C13
100 nF D11
MR852
C21 C22
1000 mF 0.1 mF
R17
10 kW R24
270 W R23
MOC8101 117.5 kW
R21 C19
10 kW 100 nF D14
1N4733
C20
R25 C12 33 nF
1 kW 6.8 nF TL431
R22
2.5 kW
Figure 44. 110 W Output Flyback SMPS

SMPSRM
Features:
Offline operation from 180 V to 280 Vac mains.
Fixed frquency and standby mode.
Automatically changes operating mode based on load requirements.
Precise limiting of maximum power in fixed frequency mode.
Builtin protection circuitry for current limitation, overvoltage detection, foldback, demagnetization and softstart.
Reduced frequency in standby mode.
Devices:
MC44603P t
Enhanced Mixed Frequency Mode GREENLINE PWM Controller
MTP6N60E TMOS t EFET t Power Field Effect Transistor (NChannel)
1N4733A Zener Voltage Regulator Diode (5.1 V)

SMPSRM
Application: Efficient Safety Circuit for Electronic Ballast
C13 100 nF C14 100 nF

AGND
250 V C12 22 nF 250 V
R18 PTC
C11 4.7 nF
1200 V
PTUBE =
55 W
L1 1.6 mH T1A
FT063
Q2 Q3
BUL44D2 BUL44D2
R13 R14
2.2 R 2.2 R
C9 R11 R12
C8
2.2 nF 4.7 R 4.7 R
2.2 nF
DIAC
C6 10 nF C7 10 nF
NOTES: * All resistors are 5%, 0.25 W
D4 unless otherwise noted
R10 * All capacitors are Polycarbonate, 63 V,
T1B T1C 10%, unless otherwise noted
10 R
D3 1N4007
C5 0.22 mF
R9
330 k
C4 47 mF
+
450 V
R7 1.8 M P1 20 k
C15 100 nF
Q1
D2 MUR180E MTP4N50E R6 1.0 R
3 1 D8 D9
C16
630 V
2 R5 1.0 R 47 nF
T2 AGND
R4 22 k D7 D6
7
5 4
+ C3 1.0 mF FILTER
MC34262
2
C2
U1
D1 330 mF 6 C17 47 nF
MUR120 25 V 1
8 630 V
R3 3 C1 10 nF
100 k/1.0 W
R2 1.2 M FUSE
LINE
R1 12 k 220 V
Figure 45. Efficient Safety Circuit for Electronic Ballast

SMPSRM
Features:
Easy to implement circuit to avoid thermal runaway when fluorescent lamp does not strike.
Power devices do not have to be oversized lower cost solution.
Includes power factor correction.
Devices:
MTP4N50E TMOS EFET Power Field Effect Transistor (NChannel)
MUR120 Ultrafast Rectifier (200 V)
BUL44D2 Bipolar Transistor* for Electronic Lamp Ballast (400 V)
1N4007 General Purpose Diode (1000 V)
1N5240B Zener Voltage Regulator Diode (10 V)
*Other Lamp Ballast Options:

1, 2 Lamps 3, 4 Lamps
825 V BUL642D2 BUL642D2
BUB642D2 BUB642D2
100 V MJD18002D2 MJB18004D2
MJE18004D2
1200 V MJD18202D2 MJB18204D2
MJE18204D2
Motorolas H2BIP process integrates a diode and bipolar transistor for a single package solution.

D19 R35 R1
+
C26
1N4148 10 R R27
C26
C15 D6 820 k
R31
470 k
22 m F/450V
+ 470 k 100 nF/450 V
22 m F/25 V C17 GND
D10
15 V GND
D8 MUR160 D12 1N4148 C24
GND 100 nF/450 V
100 nF R19 Q4
D5
U2
C12 220 nF MTP8N50E
1N4148
MC33157DW
R17
GND Vz 15 V
OR
22 R
(Evaluation Board)
C16 100 nF 1 16
C30 T1 Vdd Vboot D13 1N4148
R10 330 k
C20 100 nF
+ D4 2 Vref VHO 15
R7
100 k
10 R
MUR160 R20
R26
GND 22 m F/25 V C11 3 14
R11 100 k CPH VOUT
R36 4 13 D14 100 R C22
47 nF R12 RPH N/C 1500 pF/
1k 5 12 1N4148 500 V
C13 820 k CSWP VLO R23 GND
R5
Q2
0R
C5 22 nF 11 Q3
MTP6N50E C14 470 pF/5% 6 COP GND 22 R MTP8N50E
GND
L4
5
8
7 IOP RESET 10 GND C18 L3
R21
GND 100 nF R13 100 k 1.5 mH

100 k
1.5 mH
R8
Vdd Vsync 8 9
1M
DTA STD 100 nF R29
R14 GND
R4
3 7
Osc Gdrive
100 k
R22 82 k GND 33 k
U2 D16 1N4148 R34 GND
10 nF
R25
MC33260
10 k
GND 0R
270 pF
R6 R15 GND D17 R33 1M
2 IS 4
Vctrl
C8
1M
C19
10 k 0R
220 nF
GND VS 1N4148
3
3
4
4
R9
1M
GND
(Evaluation Board)
6
R28
15 k
R30
33 k
C7
C25 100 nF
0R
R24
GND GND
TL1
TL2
BRIDGE 2A/800 V
6800 pF/1000 V/5%
6800 pF/1000 V/5%
FLUO TUBE
FLUO TUBE
R2
C28
C29
F1
C4

68 k/0.5 W
2
2
1
1
D13
1N4148
LINE/P D1 R16
Figure 46. Lamp Ballast with Power Factor Correction

L2
680 nF/ 630 V D2
2A TD FUSE 2.2 M
R18
Application: Lamp Ballast with Power Factor Correction
C2
C3
1N4007 + 2.2 M
D3
C31
100 nF/630 V
100 nF/630 V
25 m F/35 V
LINE/N
1N4007
C27
D18
R32
22 k
10 nF
FILTER
1N4148
SEMAP
27 mH/1 A
R32
GND
1 R/2 W
GND
SMPSRM
51
SMPSRM
Features :
Evaluation board includes all functions for an electronic ballast
Includes power factor correction
Motorola advantages:
Very low component count
Builtin 2% voltage reference eliminates the need for external compensation over the temperature range
Complete semiconductor solution
Devices:
MC33157DW Electronic Ballast Controller
MUR460 Ultrafast Recovery Rectifier (600 V)
1N4007 General Purpose Rectifier (1000 V), 2 A/800 V Bridge

SMPSRM
Application: Universal 50Watt Power Supply

D7
MBR20100CT L1
5.0 mH
F1 +
3.0 A 1N5406
T1
D1 C2 Z1 R4 R6
+ +
92 to 276 D3 50 pF 1.5KE200A 270 75 k
VAC INPUT R2 C8 C11
D5
D2 + 3.9 k 470 470 +
C1 MUR160
D4 100 C7 15 V/3.5 A
1/2 C12 DC OUTPUT
0.1
IC2 150
+ MOC
8103
1/2 IC2 C13
MOC8103 IC3 R5
TL431B 1.0
15 k

MC C14
IC1 1.0 nF
33374
R3
3.6 R7
+ 100 PB1
C5 ON/OFF TOGGLE
C4
50
0.01
Figure 47. Universal 50Watt Power Supply

Features:
OnOff Toggle Control: consumes only 0.6 W (115 Vac) or 0.19 W (230 Vac) with toggle off.
"
Line Regulation within 2.0 mV with Vin from 92 Vac to 276 Vac, lo = 3.5 A
Efficiency
Vin = 115 Vac (lo = 3.5 A) = 843.4%
Vin = 230 Vac (lo = 3.5 A) = 86.2%
Complete semiconductor solution designed around highly integrated MC33374
Devices:
MC33370 High Voltage Power Switching Regulator
TL431B Programmable Precision Reference
1.5KE200A Transient Voltage Suppressor (200 V)
MBR20100CT TO220 Schottky Rectifier (100 V)

SMPSRM
Application: ACDC Battery Charger Constant Current with

Voltage Limit
T0.2x
J1 D1
1 F1 250R
2 + 1N4140 R4 5V
LINE C1 R8 D8 C5 + 4 kW
10 mF/350 V
100 D9 J2
10 V R1 1N4140 T1 1 mF
5 6 BZX84/5 V
1
220 D3 100 mF +
R2 4 D7 2
+ 7 C5
R5
4 kW
3
D2 C2 20 mF MURS320T3
D4 47 k R14
R6
BZX84/18V 1N4140 22 k
47 k
R3 C4 U2 8 7 6 5
1 nF
VSI
CSI
DO
VCC
22 k D6 2
U1 8 7 1 1N4140 D5 MURS160T3
Line VCC ICD MC33341
R4 Q1
CMP
GND
6
CTA
MC33364 MTD1N60E R13
CSI
5
GND 2 330 12 k
C3 R7 1 2 3 4
Vref FL
2.7 C7
C3 4 3 1SO1 33 nF R12
5 2 R10
100 nF R11 10 k
100 R
MOC0102
1 0.25
4
Figure 48. ACDC Battery Charger Constant Current with Voltage Limit
Features:
Universal ac input.
9.5 Watt capability for charging portable equipment.
Light weight.
Space saving surface mount design.
Off the shelf components
Spice model available for MC33341
Devices:
MC33341 Power Supply Battery Charger Regulator Control Circuit
MC33364 Critical Conduction SMPS Controller
MURS160T3 Surface Mount Ultrafast Rectifier (600 V)
MURS320T3 Surface Mount Ultrafast Rectifier (200 V)
MTD1N60E TMOS t
Power MOSFET DPAK NChannel (600 V)
BZX84C5V1LT1 Zener Voltage Regulator Diode (5.1 V)
BZX84/18V Zener Voltage Regulator Diode (MMSZ18T1)
Transformer For details consult AN1600

SMPSRM
Literature Available from Motorola
Application Notes
These older Application Notes may contain part numbers that are no longer available but the application
information may still be helpful in designing a SMPS. They are available by Mfaxt service only. This service can
be obtained through the Motorola website (http:// scgtomorrow.mototola.com) or by calling 6022446591.
AN873 Understanding Power Transistor Dynamic Behavior: dv/dt Effects on Switching RBSOA
AN875 Power Transistor Safe Operating Area: Special Consideration for Switching Power Supplies
AN913 Designing with TMOS Power MOSFETs
AN915 Characterizing CollectortoEmitter and DraintoSource Diodes for Switchmode Applications
AN918 Paralleling Power MOSFETs in Switching Applications
AN920 Theory and Applications of the MC34063 and mA78S40 Switching Regulator Control Circuits
AN929 Insuring Reliable Performance from Power MOSFETs
AN952 Ultrafast Recovery Rectifiers Extend Power Transistor SOA
AN1040 Mounting Considerations for Power Semiconductors
AN1043 Spice Model for TMOS Power MOSFETs
AN1080 ExternalSync Power Supply with Universal Input Voltage Range for Monitors
AN1083 Basic Thermal Management of Power Semiconductors
AN1090 Understanding and Predicting Power MOSFET Switching Behavior
AN1320 300 Watt, 100 kHz Converter Utilizes Economical Bipolar Planar Power Transistors
The following Application Notes are available directly from the SCG website ((http:// scgtomorrow.mototola.com).
AN1327 Very Wide Input Voltage Range, Offline Flyback Switching Power Supply
AN1520 HDTMOS Power MOSFETs Excel in Synchronous Rectifier Applications
AN1541 Introduction to Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
AN1542 Active Inrush Current Limiting Using MOSFETs
AN1543 Electronic Lamp Ballast Design
AN1547 A DC to DC Converter for Notebook Computers Using HDTMOS and Synchronous Rectification
AN1570 Basic Semiconductor Thermal Measurement
AN1576 Reduce Compact Fluorescent Cost with Motorolas IGBTs for Lighting
AN1577 Motorolas D2 Series Transistors for Fluorescent Converters
AN1593 Low Cost 1.0 A Current Source for Battery Chargers
AN1594 Critical Conduction Mode, Flyback Switching Power Supply Using the MC33364
AN1600 ACDC Battery Charger Constant Current with Voltage Limit

SMPSRM
Literature Available from Motorola (continued)
AN1601 Efficient Safety Circuit for Electronic Ballast
AN1628 Understanding Power Transistors Breakdown Parameters
AN1631 Using PSPICE to Analyze Performance of Power MOSFETs in StepDown, Switching Regulators
Employing Synchronous Rectification
AN1669 MC44603 in a 110 W Output SMPS Application
AN1679 How to Deal with Leakage Elements in Flyback Converters
AN1680 Design Considerations for Clamping Networks for Very High Voltage Monolithic OffLine PWM
Controllers
AN1681 How to Keep a Flyback Switch Mode Supply stable with a CriticalMode Controller
Brochures
Thermal Modeling & Management of Discrete Surface Mount Packages BR1487/D

SPS Reliability/Quality Handbook BR518/D
Analog/Interface ICs Device DL128/D

Bipolar Device Data DL111/D
IGBT Device Data DL202/D
Thyristor Device Data DL137/D
TMOS Power MOSFET Device Data DL135/D
TVS/Zener Device Data DL150/D
Rectifier Device Data DL151/D
Master Selection Guide SG73/D

SCG Selector Guide, Analog, Logic and Discretes SG388/D
Device Models
Device models for SMPS circuits (MC33363, MC33365 and MC33370), power transistors, rectifiers and other
discrete products are available through Motorolas website or by contacting your local sales office.

SMPSRM
Reference Books Relating to Switching Power Supply Design
Baliga, B. Jayant,
Power Semiconductor Devices, PWS Publishing Co., Boston, 1996. 624 pages.
Brown, Marty,
Practical Switching Power Supply Design, Academic Press, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1990. 240 pages.
Brown, Marty
Power Supply Cookbook, EDN Series for Design Engineers, Motorola Series in Solid State Electronics,
ButterworthHeinmann, MA, 1994. 238 pages
Chrysiss, G. C.,
High Frequency Switching Power Supplies: Theory and Design, Second Edition, McGrawHill, 1989. 287 pages
Gottlieb, Irving M.,
Power Supplies, Switching Regulators, Inverters, and Converters, 2nd Edition, TAB Books, 1994. 479 pages.
Kassakian, John G., Martin F. Schlect, and George C. Verghese,
Principles of Power Electronics, AddisonWesley, 1991. 738 pages.
Lee, YimShu,
ComputerAided Analysis and Design of SwitchMode Power Supplies, Marcel Dekker, Inc., NY, 1993
Lenk, John D.,
Simplified Design of Switching Power Supplies, EDN Series for Design Engineers, ButterworthHeinmann, MA,
1994. 221 pages.
McLyman, C. W. T.,
Designing Magnetic Components for High Frequency DCDC Converters, KG Magnetics, San Marino, CA, 1993.
433 pages, 146 figures, 32 tables
Mitchell, Daniel,
SmallSignal MathCAD Design Aids, e/j Bloom Associates, 115 Duran Drive, San Rafael, Ca 949032317,
4154928443, 1992. Computer disk included.
Mohan, Ned, Tore M. Undeland, William P. Robbins,
Power Electronics: Converter, Applications and Design, 2nd Edition, Wiley, 1995. 802 pages
Paice, Derek A.,
Power Electronic Converter Harmonics, Multipulse Methods for Clean Power, IEEE Press, 1995. 224 pages.
Whittington, H. W.,
Switched Mode Power Supplies: Design and Construction, 2nd Edition, Wiley, 1996 224 pages.

SMPSRM
Web Locations for SwitchingMode Power Supply Information
Ardem Associates (Dr. R. David Middlebrook)

http://www.ardem.com/
Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC)
The power electronics conference for the practical aspects of power supplies.
http://www.apecconf.org/
Dr. Vincent G. Bellos Home Page
SPICE simulation for switchingmode power supplies.
http://www.SpiceSim.com/
e/j BLOOM Associates
(Ed Bloom) Educational Materials & Services for Power Electronics.
http://www.ejbloom.com/
The Darnell Group
(Jeff Shepard) Contains an excellent list of power electronics websites, an extensive list of manufacturers contact
information and more.
http://www.darnell.com/
SwitchingMode Power Supply Design by Jerrold Foutz
An excellent location for switching mode power supply information and links to other sources.
http://www.smpstech.com/
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
http://www.ieee.org/
IEEE Power Electronics Society
http://www.pels.org/pels.html
Power Control and Intelligent Motion (PCIM)
Articles from present and past issues.
http://www.pcim.com/
Power Corner
Frank Greenhalghs Power Corner in EDTN
http://fgl.com/power1.htm
Power Designers
http://www.powerdesigners.com/
Power Quality Assurance Magazine
Articles from present and past issues.
http://powerquality.com/
Power Sources Manufacturers Association
A trade organization for the power sources industry.
http://www.psma.com/
Quantum Power Labs
An excellent hypertextlinked glossary of power electronics terms.
http://www.quantumpower.com/
Ridley Engineering, Inc.
Dr. Ray Ridley
http://www.ridleyengineering.com/

SMPSRM
Web Locations for SwitchingMode Power Supply Information

(continued)
Springtime Enterprises Rudy Severns

Rudy Severns has over 40 years of experience in switchingmode power supply design and static power conversion
for design engineers.
http://www.rudyseverns.com/
TESLAco
Dr. Slobodan Cuk is both chairman of TESLAco and head of the Caltech Power Electronics Group.
http://www.teslaco.com/
Venable Industries
http://www.venableind.com/
Virginia Power Electronics Center (VPEC)
http://www.vpec.vt.edu

SMPSRM
Analog ICs for SWITCHMODE Power Supplies

A number of different analog circuits that can be used for designing switchmode power supplies are shown on the
following pages. These circuits are the same as those in the Power Management and System Management sections of
the Semiconductor Components Group Selector Guide. Circuits used specifically for the offline controllers and power
factor controllers are in the Power Management section. Additional circuits that are frequently used with a SMPS design
(dcde converters, voltage references, voltage regulators, MOSFET/IGBT drivers and dedicated power management
controllers) are included for reference purposes. Undervoltage and overvoltage supervisory circuits are in the System
Management section.
Information about the discrete semiconductors that are shown in this brochure and other discrete products that may
be required for a switching power supply can be found in the Semiconductor Component Group Selector Guide
(SG388/D).

SMPSRM
Power Management Circuits
In Brief . . .
In most electronic systems, some form of voltage reg- Page
ulation is required. In the past, the task of voltage regula- DCDC Converters with Inductor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
tor design was tediously accomplished with discrete OffLine SMPS Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
devices, and the results were quite often complex and Power Factor Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
costly. Today, with bipolar monolithic regulators, this Voltage References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
task has been significantly simplified. The designer now Linear Voltage Regulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
LDO Linear Voltage Regulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
has a wide choice of fixed, low dropout and adjustable
MOSFET/IGBT Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
type voltage regulators. These devices incorporate many Dedicated Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
builtin protection features, making them virtually Dedicated Power Management Controllers . . . . . . . 121
immune to the catastrophic failures encountered in older
discrete designs. in the areas of size and weight reduction, improved effi-
The switching power supply continues to increase in ciency, and the ability to perform voltage stepup, step
popularity and is one of the fastest growing markets in the down, and voltageinverting functions. Motorola offers
world of power conversion. They offer the designer sev- a diverse portfolio of full featured switching regulator
eral important advantages over linear seriespass regula- control circuits which meet the needs of todays modern
tors. These advantages include significant advancements compact electronic equipment.
ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
SIGNAL BATTERY POWER SYSTEM MOTOR OTHER

INTERFACE
CONDITIONING MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT CONTROL CIRCUITS
Lithium DCDC Undervoltage DC Motor Data

OpAmps Converters Timers
Battery Supervisory Control Transmission
Protection with Inductor
ICs
OffLine Overvoltage Display Linear Four
Comparators
SMPS Supervisory Drivers Quadrant
Charge Controllers Multiplier
Controllers
Power Factor
Controllers
Voltage
References
Linear Voltage
Regulators
LDO Linear
Voltage
Regulators
MOSFET/
IGBT Drivers
Dedicated
Drivers
Dedicated Power
Mgmnt Controllers

SMPSRM
DCDC Converters with Inductor

In Brief . . .
Available in multiple DIP and surface mount pack- Page
ages, DCDC converters from Motorola cover a very SingleEnded Controllers with OnChip
wide range of output current levels from 50 mA up to 5 A Power Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
and can be used in any topology, stepup, stepdown, Easy Switcher SingleEnded Controllers
inverting and stepup and down. with OnChip Power Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
These products are ideally suited to provide onboard CMOS Micropower DCtoDC Converters . . . . . . . . 66
conversion in systems where the power is distributed to Synchronous Rectification DC/DC Converter
various elements or electronic boards. Programmable Integrated Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Recent developments have used synchronous rectifi-
cation and CMOS technology for better efficiency and
lower current consumption.

INTERFACE

ICs
Comparators
Controllers
Power Factor
Controllers
Voltage
References
Linear Voltage
Regulators
LDO Linear
Voltage
Regulators
MOSFET/
IGBT Drivers
Dedicated
Drivers
Dedicated Power
Mgmnt Controllers

SMPSRM
Input Output
Voltage Output Switch Temp.
Range Voltage Current Control Range
Device (V) (V) (A) Scheme Topology Package (C) Features
MC34060A 4 to 42 Adjustable 0.5 PWM StepUp/Down DIP14/SO14 0 to 70, External
& Inverting 40 to +85 Switch
Transistor
TL494/TL594 7 to 40 Adjustable 0.2 PWM StepUp/Down DIP16/SO16 0 to 70, External
Transistor
A78S40 2.5 to 40 Adjustable 1.5 PFM StepUp/Down DIP16 0 to 70, Internal
Transistor
MC34063A 3.0 to 40 Adjustable 1.5 PFM StepUp/Down DIP8/SO8 0 to 70, Internal
Transistor
MC34163 2.5 to 40 Adjustable 3.0 PFM StepUp/Down DIP16/SO16 0 to 70, Internal
Transistor
MC34165 3.0 to 65 Adjustable 1.5 PFM StepUp/Down DIP16/SO16 0 to 70, Internal
Transistor
MC34166 7.5 to 40 Adjustable 3.0 PWM StepUp/Down 5 Pin TO220, 0 to 70, Internal
& Inverting 5 Pin D2PAK 40 to +85 Switch
Transistor
MC34167 7.5 to 40 Adjustable 5.0 PWM StepUp/Down 5 Pin TO220, 0 to 70, Internal
& Inverting 5 Pin D2PAK 40 to +85 Switch
Transistor
LM2574 4.75 to 45 3.3, 5, 0.5 PWM StepDown DIP8, 40 to Internal
12, 15 & SO16WB +125 Switch
Adjust. Transistor,
On/Off
Control
LM2575 4.75 to 45 3.3, 5, 1.0 PWM StepDown 5 Pin TO220, 40 to Internal
12, 15 & 5 Pin D2PAK +125 Switch
Adjust. Transistor,
On/Off
Control
LM2576 4.75 to 45 3.3, 5, 3.0 PWM StepDown 5 Pin TO220, 40 to Internal
12, 15 & 5 Pin D2PAK +125 Switch
Adjust. Transistor,
On/Off
Control
MC33463K 0.9 to Vout 3, 3.3, 5 0.250 VFM StepUp SOT89 30 to +80 Internal
Switch
Transistor
MC33463L 0.9 to Vout 3, 3.3, 5 0.050 VFM StepUp SOT89 30 to +80 External
Switch
Transistor
MC33466J 0.9 to Vout 3, 3.3, 5 0.250 PWM StepUp SOT89 30 to +80 Internal
Switch
Transistor
MC33466L 0.9 to Vout 3, 3.3, 5 0.050 PWM StepUp SOT89 30 to +80 External
Switch
Transistor
PWM: Pulse Width Modulation PFM: Pulse Frequency Modulation VFM: Variable Frequency Modulation

SMPSRM
Table 1. SingleEnded Controllers with OnChip Power Switch

These monolithic power switching regulators contain all the active functions required to implement standard
dctodc converter configurations with a minimum number of external components.
Minimum Maximum
Operating Useful
IO Voltage Oscillator
(mA) Range Operating Reference Frequency TA
Max (V) Mode (V) (kHz) Device (C) Package
1500 2.5 to 40 Voltage 1.25 5.2%(1) 100 A78S40 0 to +70 DIP16
(Uncommitted
(U itt d
40 to +85
Power Switch)
1.25 2.0% MC34063A 0 to +70 DIP8
SO8
MC33063A 40 to +85 DIP8
SO8
40 to +125 SO8
3400 2.5 to 40 Voltage 1.25 2.0% 100 MC34163 0 to +70 DIP16,
(Uncommitted and SO16L
Power Switch) 5.05 3.0% MC33163 40 to +85
3400(2) 7.5 to 40 5.05 2.0% 72 12% MC34166 0 to +70 5Pin

(Dedicated Emitter Internally D2PAK,
Power Switch) Fixed MC33166 40 to +85 5Pin
TO220
5500(3) MC34167 0 to +70
(Dedicated Emitter
Power Switch) MC33167 40 to +85
(1) Tolerance applies over the specified operating temperature range.

(2) Guaranteed minimum, typically 4300 mA.
(3) Guaranteed minimum, typically 6500 mA.
Table 2. Easy Switcher SingleEnded Controllers with OnChip Power Switch

The Easy Switcher series is ideally suited for easy, convenient design of a stepdown switching regulator (buck
converter), with a minimum number of external components.
Minimum
Operating
IO Voltage Oscillator O tp t
Output
(mA) Range Operating Frequency Voltage TJ
Max (V) Mode (kHz) (V) Device (C) Package
500 4.75 to 40 Voltage 52 Fixed 3.3 LM2574N3.3
LM2574N 3.3 40
40 to +125 DIP8
DIP 8
8.0 to 40 Internal 5.0 LM2574N5
15 to 40 12 LM2574N12
18 to 40 15 LM2574N15
8 0 to
8.0 t 40 1 23 to
1.23 t 37 LM2574N ADJ
LM2574NADJ

SMPSRM
Table 2. Easy Switcher SingleEnded Controllers with OnChip Power Switch(continued)

The Easy Switcher series is ideally suited for easy, convenient design of a stepdown switching regulator (buck
converter), with a minimum number of external components.
Minimum
Operating
IO Voltage Oscillator Output
(mA) Range Operating Frequency Voltage TJ
Max (V) Mode (kHz) (V) Device (C) Package
1000 4.75 to 40 Voltage 52 Fixed 3.3 LM2575T3.3
LM2575T 3.3 40
40 to +125 5Pin
5 Pin
8.0 to 40 Internal 5.0 LM2575T5 TO220
15 to 40 12 LM2575T12
18 to 40 15 LM2575T15
8 0 to
8.0 t 40 1 23 to
1.23 t 37 LM2575T ADJ
LM2575TADJ
4.75 to 40 3.3 LM2575TV 3.3

LM2575TV3.3 5Pin
5 Pin
8.0 to 40 5.0 LM2575TV5 TO220
15 to 40 12 LM2575TV12
18 to 40 15 LM2575TV15
8 0 to
8.0 t 40 1 23 to
1.23 t 37 LM2575TV ADJ
LM2575TVADJ
4.75 to 40 3.3 LM2575D2T 3.3

LM2575D2T3.3 5Pin
5 Pin
8.0 to 40 5.0 LM2575D2T5 D2PAK
15 to 40 12 LM2575D2T12
18 to 40 15 LM2575D2T15
8 0 to
8.0 t 40 1 23 to
1.23 t 37 LM2575D2T ADJ
LM2575D2TADJ
3000 4.75 to 40 Voltage 52 Fixed 3.3 LM2576T3.3

LM2576T 3.3 40
40 to +125 5Pin
5 Pin
8.0 to 40 Internal 5.0 LM2576T5 TO220
15 to 40 12 LM2576T12
18 to 40 15 LM2576T15
8 0 to
8.0 t 40 1 23 to
1.23 t 37 LM2576T ADJ
LM2576TADJ
4.75 to 40 3.3 LM2576TV 3.3

LM2576TV3.3 5Pin
5 Pin
8.0 to 40 5.0 LM2576TV5 TO220
15 to 40 12 LM2576TV12
18 to 40 15 LM2576TV15
8 0 to
8.0 t 40 1 23 to
1.23 t 37 LM2576TV ADJ
LM2576TVADJ
4.75 to 40 3.3 LM2576D2T 3.3

LM2576D2T3.3 5Pin
5 Pin
8.0 to 40 5.0 LM2576D2T5 D2PAK
15 to 40 12 LM2576D2T12
18 to 40 15 LM2576D2T15
8 0 to
8.0 t 40 1 23 to
1.23 t 37 LM2576D2T ADJ
LM2576D2TADJ

SMPSRM
Switching Regulator Control Circuits (continued)
CMOS Micropower DCtoDC Converters

Variable Frequency Micropower DCtoDC Converter
MC33463H
TA = 30 to +80C, SOT89
The MC33463 series are micropower stepup Due to the low bias current specifications, these
switching voltage regulators, specifically designed for devices are ideally suited for battery powered computer,
handheld and laptop applications, to provide regulated consumer, and industrial equipment where an extension
output voltages using a minimum of external parts. A of useful battery life is desirable.
wide choice of output voltages are available. These MC33463 Series Features:
devices feature a very low quiescent bias current of
Low Quiescent Bias Current of 4.0 A
4.0 A typical.
The MC33463HXXKT1 series features a highly High Output Voltage Accuracy of 2.5%
accurate voltage reference, an oscillator, a variable fre- Low Startup Voltage of 0.9 V at 1.0 mA
quency modulation (VFM) controller, a driver transistor
Wide Output Voltage Range of 2.5 V to 7.5 V
(Lx), a comparator and feedback resistive divider.
Available
The MC33463HXXLT1 is identical to the
MC33463HXXKT1, except that a drive pin (EXT) for High Efficiency of 80% Typical
an external transistor is provided. Surface Mount Package
ORDERING INFORMATION
Output Operating Package
Device Voltage Type Temperature Range (Tape/Reel)
MC33463H30KT1 3.0 Int. Switch SOT89
MC33463H33KT1 3.3 (Tape)
MC33463H50KT1 5.0
TA = 30
30 to +80C
MC33463H30LT1 3.0 Ext. Switch SOT89
MC33463H33LT1 3.3 Drive (Tape)
MC33463H50LT1 5.0
Other voltages from 2.5 V to 7.5 V, in 0.1 V increments are available. Consult factory for information.
L
MC33463HXXKT1 MC33463HXXLT1
D Vin
L Cin
D
3 2 VO
Vin VLx Limitier
Lx Output 2 VO
Cin CO Rb 3
Q Drive Output
Drive EXT CO
VFM
VFM Cb Controller
Controller
100 kHz Vref

100 kHz Vref Oscillator
Oscillator
1 Gnd
1 Gnd
XX Denotes Output Voltage

SMPSRM
CMOS Micropower DCtoDC Converters (continued)
Fixed Frequency PWM Micropower DCtoDC Converter
MC33466H
TA = 30 to +80C, SOT89
The MC33466 series are micropower switching external transistor is provided.
voltage regulators, specifically designed for handheld Due to the low bias current specifications, these
and laptop applications, to provide regulated output devices are ideally suited for battery powered computer,
voltages using a minimum of external parts. A wide consumer, and industrial equipment where an extension
choice of output voltages are available. These devices of useful battery life is desirable.
feature a very low quiescent bias current of 15 A typical. MC33466 Series Features:
The MC33466HXXJT1 series features a highly Low Quiescent Bias Current of 15 A
accurate voltage reference, an oscillator, a pulse width
High Output Voltage Accuracy of 2.5%
modulation (PWM) controller, a driver transistor (Lx), an
error amplifier and feedback resistive divider. Low Startup Voltage of 0.9 V at 1.0 mA
The MC33466HXXLT1 is identical to the SoftStart = 500 s
MC33466HXXJT1, except that a drive pin (EXT) for an Surface Mount Package
Output Operating Package
Device Voltage Type Temperature Range (Tape/Reel)
MC33466H30JT1 3.0 Int. SOT89

MC33466H33JT1 3.3 Switch (Tape)
MC33466H50JT1 5.0
TA = 30
30 to +80C
MC33466H30LT1 3.0 Ext. SOT89
MC33466H33LT1 3.3 Switch (Tape)
MC33466H50LT1 5.0 Di
Drive
Other voltages from 2.5 V to 7.5 V, in 0.1 V increments are available. Consult factory for information.
L
MC33466HXXJT1 Vin MC33466HXXLT1
D Cin
L D
VO
Vin 3 2
VLx Limiter VO
Lx Output 2
Cin CO
(Voltage
Drive Feedback) Rb Output
3 CO
(Voltage
Q Drive Feedback)
PWM EXT
Controller
Cb PWM
Phase Controller
50 kHz Comp
Phase
Oscillator Vref Comp
50 kHz
SoftStart Oscillator Vref
SoftStart
1 Gnd
XX Denotes Output Voltage 1 Gnd

SMPSRM
Synchronous Rectification DC/DC Converter

Programmable Integrated Controller
MC33470
TA = 0 to +75C, SO20L Package
The MC33470 is a digitally programmable switching MC33470 Features:
voltage regulator, specifically designed for Microproces- 5Bit DigitaltoAnalog Converter Allows Digital
sor supply, Voltage Regulator Module and general pur- Control of Output Voltage
pose applications, to provide a high power regulated out-
put voltage using a minimum of external parts. A 5bit High Speed Response to Transient Load Conditions
digitaltoanalog converter defines the dc output voltage.
Output Enable Pin Provides On/Off Control
This product has three additional features. The first is
a pair of high speed comparators which monitor the Programmable Soft Start Control
output voltage and expedite the circuit response to load
current changes. The second feature is a soft start circuit High Current Output Drives for Synchronous
which establishes a controlled response when input Rectification
power is applied and when recovering from external Internally Trimmed Reference with Low
circuit fault conditions. The third feature is two output Temperature Coefficient
drivers which provide synchronous rectification for
optimum efficiency. Programmable Overcurrent Protection
This product is ideally suited for computer, consumer,
Overvoltage Fault Indication
and industrial equipment where accuracy, efficiency and
optimum regulation performance is desirable. Functionally Similar to the LTC1553
Operating
Device Temperature Range Package
MC33470DW TA = 0 to +75C SO20L

SMPSRM
Simplified Block Diagram

OT 11 Outen 19 VCC 5
18 VID0
17 VID1 Over
Voltage Temp
Identification 16 VID2 Digitally Programmed
Code Vref
Reference
Input 15 VID3 VCC
14 VID4
7
Oscillator Over Current
Detect Imax
190 A
2.5 V 90 A 2
VCC
1.5 V PV
En CC
PWM 20
Comparator S
10 A Q G1
9
R Q 8
SS
+ Delay
0.96 Vref PWM Ifb
Latch
1
Vref G2
+
800 1.04 Vref 3
6
PGnd
OTA Error Amp
Sense
20 A
+
1.04 Vref
13
R 14
Power + Q
Good 0.93 Vref Delay S Fault
1.14 Vref
AGnd 4 Compensation 10

SMPSRM
Easy Switcher SingleEnded Controllers with OnChip Power Switch

StepDown Voltage Regulators
LM2574NXX
TJ = 40 to +125C, DIP8
The LM2574 series of regulators are monolithic current limiting, as well as thermal shutdown for full
integrated circuits ideally suited for easy and convenient protection under fault conditions.
design of a stepdown switching regulator (buck Features
converter). All circuits of this series are capable of driving 3.3 V, 5.0 V, 12 V, 15 V, and Adjustable Output
a 0.5 A load with excellent line and load regulation. These Versions
devices are available in fixed output voltages of 3.3 V, 5.0 Adjustable Version Output Voltage Range, 1.23 to
V, 12 V, 15 V, and an adjustable output version. 37 V 4% max over Line and Load Conditions
These regulators were designed to minimize the Guaranteed 0.5 A Output Current
number of external components to simplify the power Wide Input Voltage Range: 4.75 to 40 V
supply design. Standard series of inductors optimized for Requires Only 4 External Components
52 kHz Fixed Frequency Internal Oscillator
use with the LM2574 are offered by several different
TTL Shutdown Capability, Low Power Standby
inductor manufacturers.
Mode
Since the LM2574 converter is a switchmode power
High Efficiency
supply, its efficiency is significantly higher in comparison
Uses Readily Available Standard Inductors
with popular threeterminal linear regulators, especially
Thermal Shutdown and Current Limit Protection
with higher input voltages. In most cases, the power dissi- Applications
pated by the LM2574 regulator is so low, that the copper Simple and HighEfficiency StepDown (Buck)
traces on the printed circuit board are normally the only Regulators
heatsink needed and no additional heatsinking is required. Efficient PreRegulator for Linear Regulators
The LM2574 features include a guaranteed 4% OnCard Switching Regulators
tolerance on output voltage within specified input Positive to Negative Converters (BuckBoost)
voltages and output load conditions, and 10% on the Negative StepUp Converters
oscillator frequency (2% over 0C to +125C). External Power Supply for Battery Chargers
shutdown is included, featuring 60 A (typical) standby XX = Voltage Option, i.e., 3.3, 5, 12, 15 V; and ADJ
current. The output switch includes cyclebycycle for Adjustable Output
Representative Block Diagram and Typical Application
Unregulated
DC Input +Vin 3.1 V Internal ON/OFF
ON/OFF Output R2
Regulator Voltage Versions ()
5 3
Cin 3.3 V 1.7 k
1 5.0 V 3.1 k
12 V 8.84 k
Feedback 15 V 11.3 k
Current
R2 Fixed Gain Limit For adjustable version
Error Amplifier Comparator R1 = open, R2 = 0
Driver
R1
1.0 k Freq Latch L1
Shift Output Vout
18 kHz
1.0 Amp 7
Sig Gnd 1.235 V Switch Pwr Gnd D1 Cout
BandGap 52 kHz Thermal
2 Reset 4 Load
Reference Oscillator Shutdown

SMPSRM
StepDown Voltage Regulators (continued)
LM2575TXX, TV, D2T, LM2576TXX, TV, D2T

TJ = 40 to +125C, TO220 5 Leads, D2PAK 5 Leads
The LM2575/6 series of regulators are monolithic in- Features
tegrated circuits ideally suited for easy and convenient 3.3 V, 5.0 V, 12 V, 15 V, and Adjustable Output
design of a stepdown switching regulator (buck con- Versions
verter). All circuits of this series are capable of driving a Adjustable Version Output Voltage Range of 1.23 V
1.0 A (LM2575) or 3.0 A (LM2576) load with excellent to 37 V 4% Maximum Over Line and Load
line and load regulation. These devices are available in Conditions
fixed output voltages of 3.3 V, 5.0 V, 12 V, 15 V, and an Guaranteed 1.0 A (LM2575) 3.0 A (LM2576)
adjustable output version. Output Current
These regulators were designed to minimize the Wide Input Voltage Range: 4.75 V to 40 V
number of external components to simplify the power Requires Only 4 External Components
supply design. Standard series of inductors optimised for 52 kHz Fixed Frequency Internal Oscillator
use with the LM2575/6 are offered by several different TTL Shutdown Capability, Low Power Standby
inductor manufacturers. Mode
Since the LM2575/6 converter is a switchmode power High Efficiency
supply, its efficiency is significantly higher in comparison Uses Readily Available Standard Inductors
with popular threeterminal linear regulators, especially Thermal Shutdown and Current Limit Protection
with higher input voltages. In many cases, the power
dissipated by the LM2575/6 regulator is so low, that no Applications
heatsink is required or its size could be reduced Simple and HighEfficiency StepDown (Buck)
dramatically. Regulators
The LM2575/6 features include a guaranteed 4% toler- Efficient PreRegulator for Linear Regulators
ance on output voltage within specified input voltages and OnCard Switching Regulators
output load conditions, and 10% on the oscillator frequen- Positive to Negative Converters (BuckBoost)
cy (2% over 0C to 125C). External shutdown is in- Negative StepUp Converters
cluded, featuring 80 A typical standby current. The output Power Supply for Battery Chargers
switch includes cyclebycycle current limiting, as well as XX = Voltage Option, i.e., 3.3, 5, 12, 15 V; and ADJ
thermal shutdown for full protection under fault conditions. for Adjustable Output
Representative Block Diagram and Typical Application
Unregulated
DC Input +Vin 3.1 V Internal ON/OFF
ON/OFF Output R2
Regulator Voltage Versions ()
1 5
Cin 3.3 V 1.7 k
4 5.0 V 3.1 k
12 V 8.84 k
Feedback 15 V 11.3 k
Current
R2 Fixed Gain Limit For adjustable version
Error Amplifier Comparator R1 = open, R2 = 0
Driver Regulated
R1
Freq Latch Output
1.0 k L1
Shift Output Vout
18 kHz
1.0 Amp 2
1.235 V Switch Gnd D1 Cout
BandGap 52 kHz Thermal
Reference Reset 3 Load
Oscillator Shutdown
This device contains 162 active transistors.

SMPSRM
Offline SMPS Controllers

In Brief . . .
These high performance controllers are optimized for Page
offline, actodc power supplies and dctodc
converters in the flyback topology. They also have Offline SMPS Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
undervoltage lockout voltages which are optimized for Special Switching Regulator Controllers . . . . . . . . . . 76
offline and lower voltage dctodc converters,
respectively. Applications include desktop computers,
peripherals, televisions, games, and various consumer
appliances.

INTERFACE

ICs
Comparators
Controllers
Power Factor
Controllers
Voltage
References
Linear Voltage
Regulators
LDO Linear
Voltage
Regulators
MOSFET/
IGBT Drivers
Dedicated
Drivers
Dedicated Power
Mgmnt Controllers

SMPSRM
Offline SMPS Controllers

These devices contain the primary building blocks in voltage, current or resonant modes and are designed to
which are required to implement a variety of switching drive many of the standard switching topologies. The
power supplies. The product offerings fall into three singleended configurations include buck, boost,
major categories consisting of singleended and flyback and forward converters. The doubleended
doubleended controllers, plus singleended ICs with devices control pushpull, half bridge and full bridge
onchip power switch transistors. These circuits operate configurations.
Table 3. SingleEnded Controllers

These singleended voltage and current mode controllers are designed for use in buck, boost, flyback, and forward
converters. They are cost effective in applications that range from 0.1 to 200 W power output.
Minimum Maximum
Operating Useful
500 7.0 to 40 Voltage 5.0 1.5% 200 MC34060A 0 to +70 SO14
(Uncommitted DIP14
Drive Output)
MC33060A 40 to +85 SO14
DIP14
1000 Current
(Totem Pole
MOSFET
Drive Out
Output)
ut)
11.5 to 30 5.0 2.0% 500 UC3842A 0 to +70 SO14

DIP8
11 to 30 5.0 1.0% UC2842A 25 to +85 SO14
DIP8
8.2 to 30 5.0 2.0% UC3843A 0 to +70 SO14
DIP8
5.0 1.0% UC2843A 25 to +85 SO14
DIP8
11.5 to 30 5.0 2.0% 500 UC3844 0 to +70 SO14
(50% Duty DIP8
Cycle Limit)
11 to 30 5.0 1.0% UC2844 25 to +85 SO14
DIP8
8.2 to 30 5.0 2.0% UC3845 0 to +70 SO14
DIP8
5.0 1.0% UC2845 25 to +85 SO14
DIP8
11.5 to 30 5.0 2.0% 500 UC3842B 0 to +70 SO14
(I
(Improvedd
SO8
Oscillator
Specifications DIP8
with
Frequency
q y UC3842BV 40 to +105 SO14
Guaranteed SO8
at 250 kHz)
DIP8

SMPSRM
Table 3. SingleEnded Controllers (continued)

These singleended voltage and current mode controllers are designed for use in buck, boost, flyback, and forward
converters. They are cost effective in applications that range from 0.1 to 200 W power output.
Minimum Maximum
Operating Useful
1000 11 to 30 Current 5.0 1.0% 500 UC2842B 25 to +85 SO14
(Totem Pole (Improved SO8
MOSFET Oscillator
Drive Out
Output)
ut) Specifications
S ecifications DIP8
8.2 to 30 5.0 2.0% with UC3843B 0 to +70 SO14
Frequency SO8
Guaranteed
at 250 kHz) DIP8
UC3843BV 40 to +105 SO14
SO8
DIP8
5.0 1.0% UC2843B 25 to +85 SO14
SO8
DIP8
11.5 to 30 5.0 2.0% 500 UC3844B 0 to +70 SO14
(50% Duty SO8
Cycle Limit)
DIP8
UC3844BV 40 to +105 SO14
SO8
DIP8
11 to 30 5.0 1.0% UC2844B 25 to +85 SO14
SO8
DIP8
8.2 to 30 5.0 2.0% UC3845B 0 to +70 SO14
SO8
DIP8
UC3845BV 40 to +105 SO14
SO8
DIP8
5.0 1.0% UC2845B 25 to +85 SO14
SO8
DIP8
1000 Source 11 to 18 5.0 6.0% MC44602 DIP16
1500 Sink
(Split Totem
Pole
Bipolar Drive
Output)
2000 9.2 to 30 Current 5.1 1.0% 1000 MC34023P 0 to +70 DIP16
(Totem
(T t Pole
P l or
MOSFET Voltage
Drive Output)
MC33023DW 40 to +105 SO16L

SMPSRM
Table 4. DoubleEnded Controllers

These doubleended voltage, current and resonant mode controllers are designed for use in pushpull, halfbridge,
and fullbridge converters. They are cost effective in applications that range from 100 to 2000 watts power output.
Minimum Maximum
Operating Useful
500 7.0 to 40 Voltage 5.0 5.0%(1) 200 TL494 0 to +70 DIP16
(U
(Uncommitted
itt d
25 to +85 DIP16
Drive Out
Outputs)
uts)
5.0 1.5% 300 TL594 0 to +70 DIP16
25 to +85 DIP16
500 8.0 to 40 5.1 2.0% 400 SG3525A 0 to +70 DIP16
(Totem Pole
MOSFET
Drive Outputs)
200 5.0 2.0% SG3526 0 to +125(2) DIP18
(Totem Pole
MOSFET
Drive Outputs)
1500 9.6 to 20 Resonant 5.1 2.0% 1000 MC34066 0 to +70 DIP16
(Totem
(T t Pole
P l (Z
(Zero
MC33066 40 to +85 SO16L
MOSFET Current)
Drive Outputs) DIP16
Resonant 2000 MC34067 0 to +70 SO16L

(Z
(Zero
DIP16
Voltage)
MC33067 40 to +85 SO16L
DIP16
2000 9.2 to 30 Current 5.1 1.0% 1000 MC34025 0 to +70 SO16L
(T
(Totem P l
Pole or
DIP16
MOSFET Voltage
Drive Outputs) MC33025 40 to +105 SO16L
(1) Tolerance applies over the specified operating temperature range.
(2) Junction Temperature Range.

SMPSRM
Special Switching Regulator Controllers

These high performance dual channel controllers are for offline and lower voltage dctodc converters,
optimized for offline, actodc power supplies and respectively. Applications include desktop computers,
dctodc converters in the flyback topology. They also peripherals, televisions, games, and various consumer
have undervoltage lockout voltages which are optimized appliances.
Table 5. Dual Channel Controllers
Minimum Maximum
Operating Useful
1000 11 to 20 Current 5.0 2.6% 500 MC33065 40 to +85 SO16L
(Totem
(T t P l
Pole
DIP16
MOSFET
Drive 8.4 to 20 MC33065 40 to +85 SO16L
Outputs) DIP16
Table 6. Very High Voltage SingleEnded Controller with OnChip Power Switch
This monolithic high voltage switching regulator is specifically designed to operate from a rectified ac line voltage
source. Included are an onchip high voltage power switch, active offline startup circuitry and a full featured PWM
controller with fault protection.
MOSFET Integrated
Max Output Power

(typ. @ TJ = 25 C)
Rectified 85 to
@ V in = 92V to
Power Switch
276 VAC Line
Temperature
Frequency
Additional
Max Drain
Oscillator
Features
RDS(on)
StartUp
265 VAC
Package
Scheme
Current
Control
Voltage
Device
Range
Peak
MC33362 ONLY Yes 500 V 2A 4.4 20W Active S PWM, Adjustable DIP16 *25 to
110 V OnChip Fixed up to SO16WB +125C
Opera 250 V Frequency 300 kHz
tion FET S Voltage
Mode
MC33363A Yes Yes 700 V 1A 7.5 14W Active S PWM, Adjustable DIP16 *25 to
OnChip Fixed up to SO16WB +125C
500 V Frequency 300 kHz
FET S Voltage
Mode
MC33363B Yes Yes 700 V 1A 15 8W Active S PWM, Adjustable DIP16 *25 to

OnChip Fixed up to SO16WB +125C
450 V Frequency 300 kHz
FET S Voltage
Mode
MC33365 Yes Yes 700 V 1A 15 8W Active S PWM, Adjustable DIP16 *25 to Bulk Capacitor
OnChip Fixed up to +125C Voltage
450 V Frequency 300 kHz Sensing
FET S Voltage Capability to
Mode Sense an
AC Line
BrownOut
MC33369 Yes Yes 700 V 0.5A 12 12W Active S PWM, Fixed @ DIP8 *25 to Programmable
OnChip Fixed 100 kHz TO220 5 +125C State Controller
700 V Frequency for Converter
FET

SMPSRM
MOSFET Integrated
Max Output Power

(typ. @ TJ = 25 C)
Rectified 85 to
@ V in = 92V to
Power Switch
276 VAC Line
Temperature
Frequency
Additional
Max Drain
Oscillator
Features
RDS(on)
StartUp
265 VAC
Package
Scheme
Current
Control
Voltage
Device
Range
Peak
MC33370 Yes Yes 700 V 0.9A 12 25W Active S PWM, Fixed @ DIP8 * 25 to Programmable
FET
MC33371 Yes Yes 700 V 1.5A 6.8 45W Active S PWM, Fixed @ DIP8 * 25 to Programmable
FET
MC33372 Yes Yes 700 V 2A 4.8 60W Active S PWM, Fixed @ DIP8 * 25 to Programmable
FET
FET
FET

SMPSRM
SingleEnded GreenLine Controllers

Enhanced Mixed Frequency Mode GreenLine PWM Controller:
Fixed Frequency, Variable Frequency, Standby Mode
MC44603AP, DW
TA = 25 to +85C, DIP16, SO16L
The MC44603A is an enhanced high performance High Flexibility
controller that is specifically designed for offline and Externally Programmable Reference Current
dctodc converter applications. This device has the Secondary or Primary Sensing
unique ability of automatically changing operating Synchronization Facility
modes if the converter output is overloaded, unloaded, or High Current Totem Pole Output
shorted, offering the designer additional protection for Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
increased system reliability. The MC44603A has several
Safety/Protection Features
distinguishing features when compared to conventional
SMPS controllers. These features consist of a foldback Overvoltage Protection Against Open Current and
facility for overload protection, a standby mode when the Open Voltage Loop
converter output is slightly loaded, a demagnetization Protection Against Short Circuit on Oscillator Pin
detection for reduced switching stresses on transistor and Fully Programmable Foldback
diodes, and a high current totem pole output ideally SoftStart Feature
suited for driving a power MOSFET. It can also be used Accurate Maximum Duty Cycle Setting
for driving a bipolar transistor in low power converters Demagnetization (Zero Current Detection)
(< 150 W). It is optimized to operate in discontinuous Protection
mode but can also operate in continuous mode. Its Internally Trimmed Reference
advanced design allows use in current mode or voltage Enhanced Output Drive
mode control applications. GreenLine Controller: Low Power Consumption in
Current or Voltage Mode Controller Standby Mode
Operation up to 250 kHz Output Switching Frequency Low Startup and Operating Current
Inherent Feed Forward Compensation Fully Programmable Standby Mode
Latching PWM for CyclebyCycle Current Limiting Controlled Frequency Reduction in Standby Mode
Oscillator with Precise Frequency Control Low dV/dT for Low EMI Radiations
High Safety Standby Ladder Mode GreenLine PWM Controller

MC44604P
TA = 25 to +85C, DIP16
The MC44604 is an enhanced high performance patented standby ladder mode operation of the converter
controller that is specifically designed for offline and significantly reducing the converter consumption in
dctodc converter applications. standby mode.
The MC44604 is a modification of the MC44603. The Current or Voltage Mode Controller
MC44604 offers enhanced safety and reliable power Operation Up to 250 kHz Output Switching Frequency
management in its protection features (foldback, over- Inherent Feed Forward Compensation
voltage detection, softstart, accurate demagnetization Latching PWM for CyclebyCycle Current Limiting
detection). Its high current totem pole output is also Oscillator with Precise Frequency Control
ideally suited for driving a power MOSFET but can also High Flexibility
be used for driving a bipolar transistor in low power con- Externally Programmable Reference Current
verters (< 150 W). Secondary or Primary Sensing
In addition, the MC44604 offers a new efficient way High Current Totem Pole Output
to reduce the standby operating power by means of a Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis

SMPSRM
SingleEnded GreenLine Controllers (continued)
High Safety Standby Ladder Mode GreenLine PWM Controller (continued)
Safety/Protection Features Internally Trimmed Reference

Overvoltage Protection Facility Against Open Loop
Protection Against Short Circuit on Oscillator Pin GreenLine Controller:
Fully Programmable Foldback Low Startup and Operating Current
SoftStart Feature Patented Standby Ladder Mode for Low Standby
Accurate Maximum Duty Cycle Setting Losses
Demagnetization (Zero Current Detection) Protection Low dV/dT for Low EMI
High Safety Latched Mode GreenLine PWM Controller

for (Multi)Synchronized Applications
MC44605P
TA = 25 to +85C, DIP16
The MC44605 is a high performance current mode High Current Totem Pole Output
controller that is specifically designed for offline Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
converters. The MC44605 has several distinguishing Low Output dV/dT for Low EMI
features that make it particularly suitable for Low Startup and Operating Current
multisynchronized monitor applications. Safety/Protection Features
The MC44605 synchronization arrangement SoftStart Feature
enables operation from 16 kHz up to 130 kHz. This Demagnetization (Zero Current Detection)
product was optimized to operate with universal ac Protection
mains voltage from 80 V to 280 V, and its high current Overvoltage Protection Facility Against Open Loop
totem pole output makes it ideally suited for driving a EHT Overvoltage Protection (E.H.T.OVP):
power MOSFET. Protection Against Excessive Amplitude
The MC44605 protections provide well controlled, Synchronization Pulses
safe power management. Safety enhancements detect Winding Short Circuit Detection (W.S.C.D.)
four different fault conditions and provide protection Limitation of the Maximum Input Power (M.P.L.):
through a disabling latch. Calculation of Input Power for Overload Protection
Current or Voltage Mode Controller Over Heating Detection (O.H.D.): to Prevent the
Current Mode Operation Up to 250 kHz Output Power Switch from Excessive Heating
Switching Frequency Latched Disabling Mode
Inherent Feed Forward Compensation When one of the following faults is detected: EHT
Latching PWM for CyclebyCycle Current overvoltage, Winding Short Circuit (WSCD),
Limiting excessive input power (M.P.L.), power switch over
Oscillator with Precise Frequency Control heating (O.H.D.), a counter is activated
Externally Programmable Reference Current If the counter is activated for a time that is long
Secondary or Primary Sensing (Availability of Error enough, the circuit gets definitively disabled. The
Amplifier Output) latch can only be reset by removing and then
Synchronization Facility reapplying power

SMPSRM
Few External Components

Reliable and Flexible
GreenLine Very High Voltage
PWM Controller
MC44608
TA = 25 to +85C, DIP8
The MC44608 is a high performance voltage mode Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
controller designed for offline converters. This high On Chip Oscillator Switching Frequency 40, 75, or
voltage circuit that integrates the startup current source 100kHz
and the oscillator capacitor, requires few external com- Secondary control with Few External Components
ponents while offering a high flexibility and reliability. Protections
The device also features a very high efficiency Maximum Duty Cycle Limitation
standby management consisting of an effective Pulsed Cycle by Cycle Current Limitation
Mode operation. This technique enables the reduction of Demagnetization (Zero Current Detection)
the standby power consumption to approximately 1W Protection
while delivering 300mW in a 150W SMPS. Over VCC Protection Against Open Loop
Programmable Low Inertia Over Voltage Protection
Integrated StartUp Current Source
against open loop
Lossless OffLine StartUp
Internal Thermal Protection
Direct OffLine Operation
Fast StartUp GreenLine Controller
Pulsed Mode Techniques for a Very High Efficiency
General Features Low Power Mode
Flexibility Lossless Startup
Duty Cycle Control Low dV/dT for Low EMI Radiations
Operating
MC44608P40
Plastic
Pl ti
MC44608P75 TJ = 25 to +85C
DIP
DIP88
MC44608P100

SMPSRM
Representative Block Diagram
Demag Vi
1 8
DMG +
UVLO2 Startup
50 mV 10 mA
/20 mV Source
>24 mA >120 m A
Latched off Phase

Demag V CC
Logic Startup Phase
Management 6
Switching Phase
Latched V CC
Output Phase OVP
Startup 2 mS UVLO1
Phase Startup UVLO2
200 m A Switching Phase &
Phase OUT Disable
1 0
DMG
S1 OSC
Enable Clock Buffer 5
& Thermal
Standby OSC & S Shutdown Driver
Standby +
Management PWM
PWM Latch
& 4
OC NOC R Q
Leading Edge & VPWM
Output GND
Blanking
2 + Latched off Phase
CS &
Isense Standby
S2 S3
Regulation
Block
3
1V 10 kHz Filter
Switching Phase Control
Input

SMPSRM
Very High Voltage Switching Regulator

MC33362DW, P
TJ = 25 to +125C, DIP16, SOP16L
The MC33362 is a monolithic high voltage switching and thermal shutdown. This device is available in a
regulator that is specifically designed to operate from a 16lead dualinline and wide body surface mount
rectified 120 VAC line source. This integrated circuit packages.
features an onchip 500 V/2.0 A SenseFET power OnChip 500 V, 2.0 A SenseFET Power Switch
switch, 250 V active offline startup FET, duty cycle Rectified 120 VAC Line Source Operation
controlled oscillator, current limiting comparator with a OnChip 250 V Active OffLine Startup FET
programmable threshold and leading edge blanking, Latching PWM for Double Pulse Suppression
latching pulse width modulator for double pulse CycleByCycle Current Limiting
suppression, high gain error amplifier, and a trimmed Input Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
internal bandgap reference. Protective features include Output Overvoltage Protection Comparator
cyclebycycle current limiting, input undervoltage Trimmed Internal Bandgap Reference
lockout with hysteresis, output overvoltage protection, Internal Thermal Shutdown
20 W OffLine Converter
AC Input
Startup Input 1
Regulator Startup
Output Mirror VCC
Reg
8 3
DC Output
UVLO Overvoltage
Protection Input
6
RT OVP 11
PWM Latch 16
Osc
CT 7 Power Switch
S Driver
Drain
Q
R
PWM
LEB
Ipk
Thermal Compensation
EA 10
Voltage Feedback
Input
Gnd 4, 5, 12, 13

SMPSRM

Very High Voltage Switching Regulator
MC33363ADW, AP
TJ = 25 to +125C, DIP16, SOP16L
The MC33363A is a monolithic high voltage switching and thermal shutdown. This device is available in a 16lead
regulator that is specifically designed to operate from a rec- dualinline and wide body surface mount packages.
tified 240 Vac line source. This integrated circuit features an OnChip 700 V, 1.5 A SenseFET Power Switch
onchip 700 V/1.5 A SenseFET power switch, 550 V active Rectified 240 Vac Line Source Operation
offline startup FET, duty cycle controlled oscillator, cur- OnChip 500 V Active OffLine Startup FET
rent limiting comparator with a programmable threshold Latching PWM for Double Pulse Suppression
and leading edge blanking, latching pulse width modulator CycleByCycle Current Limiting
for double pulse suppression, high gain error amplifier, and Input Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
a trimmed internal bandgap reference. Protective features Output Overvoltage Protection Comparator
include cyclebycycle current limiting, input undervol- Trimmed Internal Bandgap Reference
tage lockout with hysteresis, output overvoltage protection, Internal Thermal Shutdown
AC Input
Startup Input 1
Startup
Regulator Mirror VCC
Output
Reg
8 3
DC Output
UVLO
Overvoltage
6 Protection Input
RT OVP 11
PWM Latch 16
Osc
CT 7 Power Switch
S Driver
Drain
Q
R
PWM
LEB
Ipk
EA 10
Voltage
Feedback
Gnd 4, 5, 12, 13 Input

SMPSRM
High Voltage Switching Regulator

MC33363B
TJ = 25 to +125C
The MC33363B is a monolithic high voltage switch- device is available in a 16lead dualinline and wide
ing regulator that is specifically designed to operate from body surface mount packages.
a rectified 240 Vac line source. This integrated circuit OnChip 700 V, 1.0 A SenseFET Power Switch
features an onchip 700 V/1.0 A SenseFET power Rectified 240 Vac Line Source Operation
switch, 450 V active offline startup FET, duty cycle con- OnChip 450 V Active OffLine Startup FET
trolled oscillator, current limiting comparator with a pro- Latching PWM for Double Pulse Suppression
grammable threshold and leading edge blanking, latch- CycleByCycle Current Limiting
ing pulse width modulator for double pulse suppression, Input Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
high gain error amplifier, and a trimmed internal bandgap Output Overvoltage Protection
reference. Protective features include cyclebycycle Trimmed Internal Bandgap Reference
current limiting, input undervoltage lockout with hyster- Internal Thermal Shutdown
esis, overvoltage protection, and thermal shutdown. This
Operating
MC33363BDW SOP16L
TJ = 25
25 to +125C
MC33363BP DIP16
Simplified Application
AC Input
Startup Input 1
Regulator Startup
Output Mirror VCC
Reg
8 3 DC Output
UVLO Overvoltage
Protection
6 Input
RT OVP 11
PWM Latch 16
Osc
CT 7 Power Switch
S Driver
Drain
Q
R
PWM
LEB
Ipk
9
EA 10
Voltage
Feedback
Gnd 4, 5, 12, 13 Input

SMPSRM
Critical Conduction SMPS Controller

MC33364D, D1, D2
TJ = 25 to +125C, SO8, SO16
The MC33364 series are variable frequency SMPS clamp. For loads which have a low power operating
controllers that operate in the critical conduction mode. condition, the frequency clamp limits the maximum
They are optimized for low power, high density power operating frequency, preventing excessive switching
supplies requiring minimum board area, reduced losses and EMI radiation.
component count, and low power dissipation. Each The MC33364D2 is available in the SO8 package
narrow body SOIC package provides a small footprint. without an internal frequency clamp.
Integration of the high voltage startup saves The MC33364D is available in the SO16 package.
approximately 0.7 W of power compared to resistor It has an internal 126 kHz frequency clamp which is
bootstrapped circuits. pinned out, so that the designer can adjust the clamp
Each MC33364 features an onboard reference, frequency by connecting appropriate values of
UVLO function, a watchdog timer to initiate output resistance and capacitance.
switching, a zero current detector to ensure critical Lossless OffLine Startup
conduction operation, a current sensing comparator, Leading Edge Blanking for Noise Immunity
leading edge blanking, and a CMOS driver. Protection Watchdog Timer to Initiate Switching
features include the ability to shut down switching, and Minimum Number of Support Components
cyclebycycle current limiting. Shutdown Capability
The MC33364D1 is available in a surface mount Over Temperature Protection
SO8 package. It has an internal 126 kHz frequency Optional Frequency Clamp
Line
Restart
Delay
PWM VCC
Comparator VCC
FB UVLO
S
Leading Vref Bandgap Vref
R Q
Current Edge R UVLO Reference
Sense Blanking Gnd
Watchdog
Zero Timer
ZC Det Current Gate
Detector Thermal Frequency
Shutdown Optional
Clamp
Frequency
Clamp

SMPSRM
High Voltage Switching Regulator

MC33365
TJ = 25 to +125C, DIP16
The MC33365 is a monolithic high voltage switching bulk capacitor voltage sensing, and thermal shutdown.
regulator that is specifically designed to operate from a This device is available in a 16lead dualinline package.
rectified 240 Vac line source. This integrated circuit fea- OnChip 700 V, 1.0 A SenseFET Power Switch
tures an onchip 700 V/1.0 A SenseFET power switch, Rectified 240 Vac Line Source Operation
450 V active offline startup FET, duty cycle controlled OnChip 450 V Active OffLine Startup FET
oscillator, current limiting comparator with a program- Latching PWM for Double Pulse Suppression
mable threshold and leading edge blanking, latching CycleByCycle Current Limiting
pulse width modulator for double pulse suppression, high Input Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
gain error amplifier, and a trimmed internal bandgap ref- Bulk Capacitor Voltage Comparator
erence. Protective features include cyclebycycle cur- Trimmed Internal Bandgap Reference
rent limiting, input undervoltage lockout with hysteresis, Internal Thermal Shutdown
Operating
MC33365P TJ = 25 to +125C DIP16
Simplified Application
AC Input
Startup Input 1
Regulator Startup
Output Mirror
VCC
Reg
8 3 DC Output
UVLO
6 BOK
RT BOK 11
PWM Latch 16
Osc
CT 7 Power Switch
S Driver
Drain
Q
R
PWM
LEB
Ipk
9
EA 10
Voltage
Feedback
Gnd 4, 5, 12, 13 Input

SMPSRM

High Voltage Power Switching Regulator
MC33370T, MC33371T, MC33372T, MC33373T, MC33374T
TJ = 40C to +150C, TO220
The MC33370 series are monolithic high voltage Latching PWM for Double Pulse Suppression
power switching regulators that combine the required CycleByCycle Current Limiting
converter functions with a unique programmable state Input Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
controller, allowing a simple and economical power sys- NonLatching Internal Thermal Shutdown
tem solution for office automation, consumer, and indus- Enhanced Functionality Over TOP200 and TOP221
trial products. These devices are designed to operate Series
directly from a rectified AC line source, and in flyback ORDERING INFORMATION
converter applications are capable of providing an output Power Switch
power in excess of 150 W with a fixed AC input of 100 V,
115 V, or 230 V, and in excess of 90 W with a variable AC Device On Peak Package
Resistance Current
input that ranges from 85 V to 265 V. () (A)
This device series features a programmable state
controller, an onchip 700 V SENSEFET power switch, MC33370T 12 0.9
700 V active offline startup FET, auto restart logic, fixed MC33371T 6.8 1.5
Straight
frequency duty cycle controlled oscillator, current MC33372T 4.8 2.0
Lead
limiting comparator with leading edge blanking, latching MC33373T 3.8 2.7
pulse width modulator for double pulse suppression, and MC33374T 3.0 3.3
a high gain error amplifier with a bandgap reference for
MC33370TV 12 0.9
primary or secondary side regulation. Protective features
include cyclebycycle current limiting, input MC33371TV 6.8 1.5
undervoltage lockout with hysteresis, and a nonlatching MC33372TV 4.8 2.0 Vertical
thermal shutdown. These devices are available in MC33373TV 3.8 2.7 Mount
economical five pin TO220 style packages. MC33374TV 3.0 3.3
Programmable State Controller MC33369T/TV 12 0.5
OnChip 700 V SENSEFET Power Switch
MC33369AP 12 0.5
Rectified AC Line Source Operation from 85 V to
265 V MC33370P 12 0.9
OnChip 700 V Active OffLine StartUp FET MC33371P 6.8 1.5 DIP8
MC33372P 4.8 2.0
Typical Application
MC33373AP 3.8 2.7
+
+
Snubber
AC
Input + DC
+ Output

Power
5 Switch Drain
VCC Istart
This device contains 391 active transistors.
1 State Control
Input
Programmable
State Controller 4
Feedback Power
Input MOSFET
Pulse Width Modulator
Switch
2 Controller
On/Off
+
Ground 3

SMPSRM
Power Factor Controllers

In Brief . . .
The new PFCs are developed to control Power Factor Page
Correction preconverters meeting IEC100032 stan- Power Factor Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
dard requirements in electronic ballast and offline GreenLine Power Factor Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
power conversion applications. These devices are
designed to work in free frequency critical conduction
mode. They can be synchronized and feature very effec-
tive protection to ensure a safe and reliable operation.
They also optimized to offer extremely compact and
costeffective PFC solutions. Ultimately, the solution
system cost is significantly lowered. The portfolio offers
products that can propose a free output voltage level
mode (follower boost technique) that enables a drastic
size reduction of both the inductor and the power Mosfet.
Also, they are able to function in a traditional way
(constant output voltage regulation level), and any inter-
mediary solutions can be easily implemented. This flexi-
bility makes them ideal to optimally cope with a wide
range of applications.

INTERFACE

ICs
Comparators
Controllers
Power Factor
Controllers
Voltage
References
Linear Voltage
Regulators
LDO Linear
Voltage
Regulators
MOSFET/
IGBT Drivers
Dedicated
Drivers
Dedicated Power
Mgmnt Controllers

SMPSRM
Table 7. Power Factor Controllers

Minimum
Operating Maximum
IO Voltage Start p
Startup
(mA) Range Voltage Reference TA
Max (V) (V) (V) Features Device (C) Package
500 9.0 to 30 30 2.5 1.4% Undervoltage Lockout, MC34261 0 to +70 DIP8
(T t
(Totem P l
Pole I t
Internal
l Startup
St t
MC33261 40 to +85 SO8
MOSFET Timer
Drive Outputs) DIP8
Overvoltage MC34262 0 to +85 SO8
C t
Comparator,
DIP8
Undervoltage Lockout
Lockout,
Internal Startup MC33262 40 to +105 SO8
Timer DIP8
1500 9.0 to 16 500 5.0 1.5% OffLine High Voltage MC33368 25 to +125 SO16
(CMOS Totem Startup Overvoltage
Pole MOSFET Comparator
Com arator,
Drive Undervoltage Lockout, DIP16
Outputs) Timer, Low Load Detect

SMPSRM
Power Factor Controllers

MC34262D, P
TA = 0 to +85C, DIP8, SO8
MC33262D, P
TA = 40 to +105C, DIP8, SO8
The MC34262, MC33262 series are active power Also included are protective features consisting of an
factor controllers specifically designed for use as a overvoltage comparator to eliminate runaway output
preconverter in electronic ballast and in offline power voltage due to load removal, input undervoltage lockout
converter applications. These integrated circuits feature with hysteresis, cyclebycycle current limiting,
an internal startup timer for stand alone applications, a multiplier output clamp that limits maximum peak
one quadrant multiplier for near unity power factor, zero switch current, an RS latch for single pulse metering, and
current detector to ensure critical conduction operation, a drive output high state clamp for MOSFET gate
transconductance error amplifier, quickstart circuit for protection. These devices are available in dualinline
enhanced startup, trimmed internal bandgap reference, and surface mount plastic packages.
current sensing comparator, and a totem pole output
ideally suited for driving a power MOSFET.
1 100 k
1N4934
MC34262
36 V 100
Zero Current 1.2 V
85 to 265 RFI Detector
Vac Filter 6.7 V 22 k
1.6 V T
UVLO
2.5 V MUR460
Reference VO
14 V 400 V/
0.44 A
Timer R 16 V
10 MTP
Drive 14N50E
Delay Output 330
10
RS
Latch
1.3 M 20 k 1.6 M
Overvoltage 10 pF 0.1
Current Sense 1.5 V Comparator
Comparator
1.08 Vref
Error Amp
10 A
Multiplier Vref
0.01 12 k
10 k
Quickstart
0.68

SMPSRM
Power Factor Controllers (continued)

MC33368D, P
TJ = 25 to +125C, DIP16, SO16
The MC33368 is an active power factor controller that ing comparator, a 5.0 V reference, an undervoltage lock-
functions as a boost preconverter in offline power supply out (UVLO) circuit which monitors the VCC supply
applications. MC33368 is optimized for low power, high voltage, and a CMOS driver for driving MOSFETs. The
density power supplies requiring minimum board area, MC33368 also includes a programmable output switch-
reduced component count, and low power dissipation. The ing frequency clamp. Protection features include an out-
narrow body SOIC package provides a small footprint. put overvoltage comparator to minimize overshoot, a
Integration of the high voltage startup saves approximately restart delay timer, and cyclebycycle current limiting.
0.7 W of power compared to resistor bootstrapped circuits. Lossless OffLine Startup
The MC33368 features a watchdog timer to initiate
output switching, a one quadrant multiplier to force the Output Overvoltage Comparator
line current to follow the instantaneous line voltage, a Leading Edge Blanking (LEB) for Noise Immunity
zero current detector to ensure critical conduction opera- Watchdog Timer to Initiate Switching
tion, a transconductance error amplifier, a current sens- Restart Delay Timer
1N5406
C5
D2 D4 1.0
92 to EMI D1 D3
270 Vac Filter
16 Line
Vref
Vref MC33368
R8 R13
15 V 1N4744
1.0 M VCC D8 51 D6
RD UVLO 1N4934
C9 2 Q Timer R 12 C4
Zero
330 F AGnd Current 13/8.0 100
8 Detect 7 15 V
RS Latch T
1.5 V ZCD R4
R 1.2/1.0
1.5 V 22 k
R MUR460
S Gate D5
S Q Q1
S 11 C3
Set Dominant R11 330
10
Overvoltage PGnd MTW20N50E
Comparator Vref
R5 10 R2
1.3 M R10 820 k
Low 13 10 k
1.08 x Vref Frequency
Load Detect Clamp FC C7
9 470 pF
Quickstart LEB R9
Leading Edge 6 10
Blanking CS C8
Mult R7
0.001
5.0 V 0.1
5
Reference
Multiplier
R3 C2
10.5 k 0.01
4 Comp 1 Vref 3 FB
C1 Vref
C6
1.0 R1
0.1
10 k

SMPSRM
GreenLine Power Factor Controller

MC33260P
The MC33260 is developed to control Power Factor General Features

Correction preconverters meeting IEC100032 stan- Free Level or Traditional Constant Output Level
dard requirements in electronic ballast and offline Mode
power conversion applications. Designed to work in free Switch Mode Operation: Voltage Mode
frequency critical conduction mode, it can also be syn- Latching PWM for CyclebyCycle OnTime
chronized and in any case, it features very effective Control
protections to ensure a safe and reliable operation. Totem Pole Gate Drive
This circuit is also optimized to offer extremely Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
compact and costeffective PFC solutions. In effect, Low Startup and Operating Current
while requiring a minimum number of external Improved Regulation Block Dynamic Behaviour
components, the MC33260 also proposes a free output Synchronization Facility
voltage level mode (follower boost technique) that Internally Trimmed Reference Current Source
enables a drastic size reduction of both the inductor and Safety/Protection Features
the power mosfet. Ultimately, the solution system cost is Overvoltage Protection: Output Overvoltage
significantly lowered. Detection
Also able to function in traditional way (constant Undervoltage Protection: Protection Against Open
output voltage regulation level), any intermediary Loop
solutions can be easily implemented. This flexibility Accurate Demagnetization (Zero Current Detection)
makes it ideal to optimally cope with a wide range of Protection
applications. Precise and Adjustable Maximum OnTime
Limitation
Over Current Protection
MC33260P 40 to +105C Plastic DIP8
Typical Application
D1 . . . D4 1 F
D1
Vcc Load
1 8 + C1
(SMPS, Lamp
Q1 Ro
MC33260
2 7 Ballast, . . .)
Vcontrol
3 6
Rcs
4 5
sync
CT
Rs
GreenLine is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.

SMPSRM
Voltage References
In Brief . . .
Motorolas line of precision voltage references is Page
designed for applications requiring high initial accuracy, Precision Low Voltage References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
low temperature drift, and long term stability. Initial
accuracies of 1.0%, and 2.0% mean production line
adjustments can be eliminated. Temperature coefficients
of 25 ppm/C max (typically 10 ppm/C) provide excel-
lent stability. Uses for the references include D/A conver-
ters, A/D converters, precision power supplies, voltmeter
systems, temperature monitors, and many others.

INTERFACE

ICs
Comparators
Controllers
Power Factor
Controllers
Voltage
References
Linear Voltage
Regulators
LDO Linear
Voltage
Regulators
MOSFET/
IGBT Drivers
Dedicated
Drivers
Dedicated Power
Mgmnt Controllers

SMPSRM
Precision Low Voltage References

A family of precision low voltage bandgap reference devices designed for applications requiring low temperature drift.
Table 8. Precision Low Voltage References

Vout IO Vout/T Device Regline Regload
(V) (mA) (ppm/C) (mV) (mV)
Typ Max Max 0 to +70C 40 to +85C Max Max Package
1.235 12 mV 20 80 Typ
y LM385BZ1.2 LM285Z1.2 ((Note 1)) 1.0 TO92, SO8
1.235 25 mV LM385Z1.2 (Note 2)
2.5 38 mV LM385BZ2.5 LM285Z2.5 2.0

2.5 75 mV LM385Z2.5 (Note 3)
2.5 25 mV 10 25 MC1403B 3.0/4.5 10 SO8, DIP8

(Note
(N t 4) (Note
(N t 5)
40 MC1403
5.0 50 mV 40 MC1404P5 6.0 DIP8
(Note 6)
2.5 to 37 100 50 Typ TL431C, AC, BC TL431I, AI, BI Shunt Reference TO92, DIP8,
Dynamic Impedance
Im edance SO8, Micro8
SO8
(z) 0.5
Notes: 1. Micropower Reference Diode Dynamic Impedance (z) 1.0 at IR = 100 A.
2. 10 A IR 1.0 mA.
3. 20 A IR 1.0 mA.
4. 4.5 V Vin 15 V/15 V Vin 40 V.
5. 0 mA IL 10 mA.
6. (Vout + 2.5 V) Vin 40 V.

SMPSRM
Linear Voltage Regulators
In Brief . . .
Motorolas broad portfolio of voltage regulators cov- Page
ers the whole spectrum of current levels, from low cur- Linear Voltage Regulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
rent levels of 80 mA to very high current levels of up to Micropower Voltage Regulators
5 A, and in a very wide selection of voltages. All these for Portable Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
products are available in multiple package versions with Special Voltage Regulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Special Regulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
a strong emphasis on surface mount packages, from
TSOP5 or SOT235 leads up to D2PAK 5 leads.
New developments have included low dropout, more
accuracy, and less noise using bipolar technology or
CMOS technology for a reduction of current
consumption.

INTERFACE

ICs
Comparators
Controllers
Power Factor
Controllers
Voltage
References
Linear Voltage
Regulators
LDO Linear
Voltage
Regulators
MOSFET/
IGBT Drivers
Dedicated
Drivers
Dedicated Power
Mgmnt Controllers

SMPSRM
Linear Voltage Regulators

Fixed Output
These low cost monolithic circuits provide positive devices are offered for battery powered systems.
and/or negative regulation at currents from 100 mA to Although designed primarily as fixed voltage
3.0 A. They are ideal for oncard regulation employing regulators, these devices can be used with external
current limiting and thermal shutdown. Low VDiff components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents.
Table 9. Linear Voltage Regulators
Typ. Temp.
25C VinVout Regline Regload Coefficient
Tol. Vin Diff. Max Max mV (Vout)
Device Vout % Max Typ. (% Vout) (% Vout) C Package
Fixed Voltage, 3Terminal Regulators, 0.1 Amperes

LM2931*/A5.0* 5.0 5.0/3.8 40 0.16 0.6 1.0 0.2 SO8,
TO92,
D2PAK,
DPAK,
TO220
LP2950C*/AC* 3.0 0.5 30 0.38 0.2/0.1 0.2/0.1 0.04 DPAK,
TO92
3.3 DPAK,
TO92
5.0 DPAK,
TO92
MC78LXXC/AC/AB* 5.0, 8.0, 9.0 8.0/4.0 30 1.7 4.0/3.0 1.2 0.2 DIP8,
SOP8
MC78LXXC/AC/AB* 12, 15, 18 8.0/4.0 35 1.7 2.0 1.0 0.2 DIP8,
SOP8
MC78L24C/AC/AB* 24 8.0/4.0 40 1.7 2.0 1.0 0.2 DIP8,
SOP8
MC79L05C/AC/AB* 5.0 8.0/4.0 30 1.7 4.0/3.0 1.2 0.2 DIP8,
SOP8
MC79LXXC/AC/AB* (12, 15, 18) 8.0/4.0 35 1.7 2.0 1.0 0.2 DIP8,
SOP8
MC79L24C/AC/AB* 24 8.0/4.0 40 1.7 2.0 1.0 0.2 DIP8,
SOP8
MC33160** 5.0 5.0 40 2.0 0.8 1.0 DIP16,
SO16L

MC78MXXB*/C 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 12 4.0 35 2.0 1.0 2.0 0.04 DPAK,
TO220
MC78MXXB*/C 15, 18 4.0 35 2.0 1.0 2.0 0.04 DPAK,
TO220
MC78MXXB*/C 20, 24 4.0 40 2.0 0.25 2.0 0.04 DPAK,
TO220
MC79MXXB*/C (5.0, 8.0, 12, 15) 4.0 35 1.1 1.0 2.0 0.07 to DPAK,
0.04 TO220
Unless otherwise noted, TJ = 0 to +125C
* TJ = 40 to +125C
** TA = 40 to +85C

SMPSRM
Table 9. Linear Voltage Regulators (continued)

Typ. Temp.
25C VinVout Regline Regload Coefficient
Tol. Vin Diff. Max Max mV (Vout)
Device Vout % Max Typ. (% Vout) (% Vout) C Package

MC33267* 5.05 2.0 40 0.58 1.0 1.0 D2PAK,
TO220
Fixed Voltage, 3Terminal Medium Dropout Regulators, 0.8 Amperes

MC33269XX* 3.3, 5.0, 12 1.0 20 1.0 0.3 1.0 SO8,
DPAK,
TO220,
SOT223
MC34268 2.85 1.0 15 0.95 0.3 1.0 SO8,
DPAK

MC78XXB*/C/AC 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 12, 4.0/2.0 35 2.0 2.0/1.0 2.0 0.06 to D2PAK,
18 0.22 TO220
MC7824B*/C/AC 24 4.0/2.0 40 2.0 2.0/1.0 2.0/0.4 0.125 D2PAK,
TO220
MC79XXC/AC (5.0, 6.0) 4.0/2.0 35 2.0 2.0/1.0 2.0 0.2 D2PAK,
TO220
MC79XXC/AC (8.0, 12, 15, 18) 4.0/2.0 35 2.0 2.0/1.0 2.0/1.25 0.12 to D2PAK,
0.06 TO220
MC7924C 24 4.0 40 2.0 1.0 2.0 0.04 D2PAK,
TO220
LM340/AXX 5.0, 12, 15 4.0/2.0 35 1.7 1.0/0.2 1.0/0.5 0.12 TO220

MC78TXXC/AC 5.0, 8.0, 12 4.0/2.0 35 2.5 0.5 0.6 0.04 TO220
MC78T15C/AC 15 4.0/2.0 40 2.5 0.5 0.6 0.04 TO220
LM323/A 5.0 4.0/2.0 20 2.3 0.5/0.3 2.0/1.0 0.2 TO220
* TJ = 40 to +125C
** TA = 40 to +85C

SMPSRM
Table 10. Fixed Voltage Medium and Low Dropout Regulators

Typ.
Temp.
25C IO VinVout Regline Regload Coefficient
Tol. (mA) Vin Diff. Max Max mV (Vout)
Device Vout % Max Max Typ. (% Vout) (% Vout) C Package
Fixed Voltage, Medium Dropout Regulators

MC33267* 5.05 2.0 500 40 0.58 1.0 1.0 D2PAK,
TO220
MC34268 2.85 1.0 800 15 0.95 0.3 1.0 SO8, DPAK
MC33269XX* 3.3, 5.0, 12 20 1.0 SO8,
DPAK,
TO220,
SOT223
Fixed Voltage, Low Dropout Regulators

LM2931*/A* 5.0 5.0/3.8 100 37 0.16 1.12 1.0 2.5 SO8,
D2PAK,
DPAK,
TO220,
TO92
LP2950C*/AC* 3.0 1.0/0.5 100 30 0.38 0.2/0.1 0.2/0.1 0.2 DPAK,
TO92
3.3 DPAK,
TO92
5.0 DPAK,
TO92
LP2951C*/AC* 3.0 1.0/0.5 100 28.75 0.38 0.04/0.02 0.04/0.02 1.0 SO8,
Micro8,
DIP8
3.3 SO8,
Micro8,
DIP8
5.0 SO8,
Micro8,
DIP8
LM2935* 5.0/5.0 5.0/5.0 500/10 60 0.45/0.55 1.0 1.0 TO220,
D2PAK
* TJ = 40 to +125C

SMPSRM
Adjustable Output
Motorola offers a broad line of adjustable output offering a wide range of output voltages for industrial and
voltage regulators with a variety of output current communications applications. The threeterminal
capabilities. Adjustable voltage regulators provide users devices require only two external resistors to set the
the capability of stocking a single integrated circuit output voltage.
Table 11. Adjustable Output Regulators

Typ. Temp.
IO VinVout Regline Regload Coefficient
(mA) Vin Diff. Max Max mV (Vout)
Device Vout Max Max Typ. (% Vout) (% Vout) C Package
Adjustable Regulators
LM317L/B* 2.037 100 40 1.9 0.07 1.5 0.35 SO8, TO92
LM2931C* 3.024 100 37 0.16 1.12 1.0 2.5 SO8, D2PAK,
TO220, TO92
LP2951C*/AC* 1.2529 100 28.75 0.38 0.04/0.02 0.04/0.02 1.0 SO8, DIP8,
Micro8
SO8, DIP8,
Micro8
SO8, DIP8,
Micro8
MC1723C# 2.037 150 38 2.5 0.5 0.2 0.033 DIP14, SO14
LM317M/B* 1.237 500 40 2.1 0.04 0.5 0.35 DPAK, TO220
LM337M/B* (1.237) 500 40 1.9 0.07 1.5 0.3 TO220
MC33269* 1.2519 800 18.75 1.0 0.3 0.5 0.4 SO8, DPAK,
TO220, SOT223
LM317/B* 1.237 1500 40 2.25 0.07 1.5 0.35 TO220, D2PAK
LM337/B* (1.237) 1500 40 2.3 0.07 1.5 0.3 TO220, D2PAK
LM350/B* 1.233 3000 35 2.7 0.07 1.5 0.5 TO220
* TJ = 40 to +125C
# TA = 0 to +70C

SMPSRM
Micropower Voltage Regulators for Portable

Applications
80 mA Micropower Voltage Regulator
MC78LC00H, N
TA = 30 to +80C, SOT89, SOT23 5 Leads

The MC78LC00 series voltage regulators are MC78LC00 Series Features:
specifically designed for use as a power source for video Low Quiescent Current of 1.1 A Typical
instruments, handheld communication equipment, and Low Dropout Voltage (220 mV at 10 mA)
battery powered equipment. Excellent Line Regulation (0.1%)
The MC78LC00 series features an ultralow quiescent
High Accuracy Output Voltage (2.5%)
current of 1.1 A and a high accuracy output voltage. Each
device contains a voltage reference, an error amplifier, a Wide Output Voltage Range (2.0 V to 6.0 V)
driver transistor and resistors for setting the output Output Current for Low Power (up to 80 mA)
voltage. These devices are available in either SOT89, 3 Two Surface Mount Packages (SOT89, 3 Pin, or
pin, or SOT23, 5 pin, surface mount packages. SOT23, 5 Pin)
ORDERING INFORMATION 2 3
Operating Vin VO
Output Temperature
Device Voltage Range Package
MC78LC30HT1 3.0
MC78LC33HT1 3.3
SOT89
MC78LC40HT1 4.0
MC78LC50HT1 5.0 TA = 30 to
MC78LC30NTR 3.0 +80C
MC78LC33NTR 3.3 Vref
SOT23
MC78LC40NTR 4.0
MC78LC50NTR 5.0 1
Other voltages from 2.0 to 6.0 V, in 0.1 V increments, are available Gnd
upon request. Consult factory for information.

SMPSRM
120 mA Micropower Voltage Regulator

MC78FC00H
TA = 30 to +80C, SOT89
The MC78FC00 series voltage regulators are MC78FC00 Series Features:
specifically designed for use as a power source for video UltraLow Quiescent Current of 1.1 A Typical
instruments, handheld communication equipment, and
UltraLow Dropout Voltage (100 mV at 10 mA)
battery powered equipment.
The MC78FC00 series voltage regulator ICs feature Large Output Current (up to 120 mA)
a high accuracy output voltage and ultralow quiescent Excellent Line Regulation (0.1%)
current. Each device contains a voltage reference unit, an
error amplifier, a driver transistor, and resistors for set- Wide Operating Voltage Range (2.0 V to 10 V)
ting output voltage, and a current limit circuit. These High Accuracy Output Voltage (2.5%)
devices are available in SOT89 surface mount pack-
Wide Output Voltage Range (2.0 V to 6.0 V)
ages, and allow construction of an efficient, constant
voltage power supply circuit. Surface Mount Package (SOT89)
ORDERING INFORMATION 2 3
Operating Vin VO
Output Temperature
MC78FC30HT1 3.0
MC78FC33HT1 3.3 TA = 30 to
SOT89
MC78FC40HT1 4.0 +80C
MC78FC50HT1 5.0
Other voltages from 2.0 to 6.0 V, in 0.1 V increments, are available
Vref
Gnd

SMPSRM
Micropower Voltage Regulator for External Power Transistor

MC78BC00N
TA = 30 to +80C, SOT23 5 Leads
The MC78BC00 voltage regulators are specifically These devices are ideally suited for battery powered
designed to be used with an external power transistor to equipment, and power sources for handheld audio
deliver high current with high voltage accuracy and low instruments, communication equipment and domestic
quiescent current. appliances.
The MC78BC00 series are devices suitable for
constructing regulators with ultralow dropout voltage MC78BC00 Series Features:
and output current in the range of several tens of mA to UltraLow Supply Current (50 A)
hundreds of mA. These devices have a chip enable Standby Mode (0.2 A)
function, which minimizes the standby mode current
UltraLow Dropout Voltage (0.1 V with External
drain. Each of these devices contains a voltage reference
Transistor and IO = 100 mA)
unit, an error amplifier, a driver transistor and feedback
resistors. These devices are available in the SOT23, 5 Excellent Line Regulation (Typically 0.1%/V)
pin surface mount packages. High Accuracy Output Voltage (2.5%)
ORDERING INFORMATION Ext 4

2 3
Operating
Output Temperature Vin VO
MC78BC30NTR 3.0
MC78BC33NTR 3.3 TA = 30 to SOT23
MC78BC40NTR 4.0 +80C 5 Leads
MC78BC50NTR 5.0
Other voltages from 2.0 to 6.0 V, in 0.1 V increments, are available
Vref
Gnd
CE 5

SMPSRM
Micropower Voltage Regulators for Portable Applications (continued)

Low Noise 150 mA Low Drop Out (LDO) Linear Voltage Regulator
MC78PC00
TA = 40 to +85C, SOT23 5 Lead Package
The MC78PC00 are a series of CMOS linear voltage Standby Mode: typical 0.1 mA
regulators with high output voltage accuracy, low supply Low Dropout Voltage: typical 0.2 V @ IOUT =
current, low dropout voltage, and high Ripple Rejection. 100 mA
Each of these voltage regulators consists of an internal
High Ripple Rejection: typical 70 dB @ f = 1 kHz
voltage reference, an error amplifier, resistors, a current
limiting circuit and a chip enable circuit. Low TemperatureDrift Coefficient of Output
The dynamic Response to line and load is fast, which Voltage: typical 100 ppm/C
makes these products ideally suited for use in handheld Excellent Line Regulation: typical 0.05%/V
communication equipment.
High Accuracy Output Voltage: 2.0%
The MC78PC00 series are housed in the SOT23 5
lead package, for maximum board space saving. Fast Dynamic Response to Line and Load
Small Package: SOT23 5 leads
MC78PC00 Series Features:
UltraLow Supply Current: typical 35 mA in ON Builtin Chip Enable circuit (CE input pin)
mode with no load Similar Pinout to the LP2980/1/2 and MIC5205
Operating
MC78PC28NTR
MC78PC30NTR SOT23
TA = 40 to +85C
MC78PC33NTR 5 Leads
MC78PC50NTR
Other voltages are available. Consult your Motorola representative.
Block Diagram
MC78PCxx
1 5
VIN VOUT
Vref CURRENT LIMIT
3 2
CE GND

SMPSRM

Ultra Low Noise 150 mA Low Dropout Voltage Regulator
with ON/OFF Control
MC33263
TA = 40 to +85C, SOT23L
Housed in a SOT23L package, the MC33263 deliv- Very Low Noise with external bypass capacitor
ers up to 150 mA where it exhibits a typical 180 mV drop- (10 nF), typically 25 Vrms over 100 Hz to 100 kHz
out. With an incredible noise level of 25 mVRMS (over Internal Thermal Shutdown
100 Hz to 100 kHz, with a 10 nF bypass capacitor), the Extremely Tight Line Regulation typically 90 dB
MC33263 represents the ideal choice for sensitive cir- Ripple Rejection 70 dB @ 1 kHz
Line Transient Response: 1 mV for DVin = 3 V
cuits, especially in portable applications where noise per-
formance and space are premium. The MC33263 also
Extremely Tight Load Regulation, typically 20 mV
excels in response time and reacts in less than 25 ms when
receiving an OFF to ON signal (with no bypass at DIout = 150 mA
capacitor). Multiple Output Voltages Available
Thanks to a novel concept, the MC33263 accepts out- Logic Level ON/OFF Control (TTLCMOS
put capacitors without any restrictions regarding their Compatible)
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) thus offering an ESR can vary from 0 to 3W
obvious versatility for immediate implementation. Functionally and Pin Compatible with TK112xxA/B
With a typical DC ripple rejection better than 90 dB Series
(70 dB @ 1 kHz), it naturally shields the downstream
electronics against choppy power lines.
Additionally, thermal shutdown and shortcircuit Operating
protection provide the final product with a high degree of
ruggedness. MC33263NW28R2
MC33263NW30R2
MC33263 Features: MC33263NW32R2
Very Low Quiescent Current 170 A (ON, no load), MC33263NW33R2
TA = 40 to +85C SOT23L
MC33263NW38R2
100 nA (OFF, no load) MC33263NW40R2
Very Low Dropout Voltage, typical value is 137 mV MC33263NW47R2
at an output current of 100 mA MC33263NW50R2
MC33263 Block Diagram

6
Input
1 Thermal
Shutdown ON/OFF Shutdown
3 4
Bypass Band Gap Output
Reference
* Current Limit
* Antisaturation
* Protection
2 5
GND GND

SMPSRM

Micropower smallCAP Voltage Regulators with On/Off Control
MC33264D, DM
TA = 40 to +85C, SO8, Micro8

The MC33264 series are micropower low dropout Stable with Output Capacitance of Only
voltage regulators available in SO8 and Micro8 0.22 F for 4.0 V, 4.75 V and 5.0 V Output Voltages
surface mount packages and a wide range of output 0.33 F for 2.8 V, 3.0 V, 3.3 V and 3.8 V Output
voltages. These devices feature a very low quiescent Voltages
current (100 A in the ON mode; 0.1 A in the OFF Internal Current and Thermal Limiting
mode), and are capable of supplying output currents up
Logic Level ON/OFF Control
to 100 mA. Internal current and thermal limiting
protection is provided. They require only a small output Functionally Equivalent to TK115XXMC and
capacitance for stability. LP2980
Additionally, the MC33264 has either active HIGH or ORDERING INFORMATION
active LOW control (Pins 2 and 3) that allows a logic Operating
level signal to turnoff or turnon the regulator output. Device Temperature Range Package
Due to the low inputtooutput voltage differential MC33264D2.8
and bias current specifications, these devices are ideally MC33264D3.0
suited for battery powered computer, consumer, and MC33264D3.3
industrial equipment where an extension of useful MC33264D3.8 SO8
battery life is desirable. MC33264D4.0
MC33264D4.75
MC33264 Features: MC33264D5.0
Low Quiescent Current (0.3 A in OFF Mode; TA = 40
40 to +85C
MC33264DM2.8
95 A in ON Mode) MC33264DM3.0
Low InputtoOutput Voltage Differential of 47 mV MC33264DM3.3
at 10 mA, and 131 mV at 50 mA MC33264DM3.8 Micro8
MC33264DM4.0
Multiple Output Voltages Available MC33264DM4.75
Extremely Tight Line and Load Regulation MC33264DM5.0
1 8
Vin VO
Thermal and
AntiSat 7
Protection
2 Base
On/Off
Rint
Adj
1.23 V
Vref 52.5 k
3 MC33264 6
On/Off
Gnd

SMPSRM

5A Low Dropout Fast Response Positive Adjustable
and Fixed Voltage Regulators
LT1585A
TA = 0 to 125C, TO220, D2PAK
The LT1585A is a low dropout 3terminal voltage bination of overload that would create excessive junction
regulator with 5A output current capability. temperatures. The LT1585A is available in the industry
Design has been optimized for low voltage applica- standard 3pin TO220 and D2PAK power package.
tions where transient response and minimum input volt-
age are critical. This voltage regulator features a low LT1585A Features:
dropout voltage and fast transient response. These Fast Transient Response
improvements make them ideal for low voltage micro- Guaranteed Dropout Voltage at Multiple Currents
processor applications requiring a regulated 2.5V to 3.6V Load Regulation: 0.05% Typ
output with an input supply below 7V.
Trimmed Current Limit
Current limits is trimmed to ensure specified output
current and controlled shortcircuit current. Onchip OnChip Thermal Limiting
thermal limiting provides protection against any com- Standard 3Pin Power Package
Operating
LT1585ACT TO220
LT1585ACM D2PAK
TA = 0 to 125C
LT1585ACT1.5 TO220
LT1585ACM1.5 D2PAK

Vin
Thermal
Limit
Vout
Adjust

SMPSRM
Special Voltage Regulators

Table 12. Voltage Regulators
F nction
Function Feat res
Features Package Device
Multifunction Very A monolithic integrated 5.0 V voltage regulator with a very low drop- DIP8, SO8 L4949
Low Dropout Voltage out and additional functions such as poweron reset and input volt-
Regulator age sense. It is designed for supplying the microcomputer con-
trolled systems especially in automotive applications.
Low Dropout Voltage Fixed and adjustable positive output voltage regulators which TO92, TO220, LM2931
Regulator maintain regulation with very low inputtooutput voltage differential. DPAK, D2PAK, SO8 Series
Low Dropout Voltage Low voltage differential regulator featuring dual positive 5.0 V TO220, D2PAK LM2935
Regulator outputs; switched currents in excess of 750 mA and 10 mA standby
current. Fixed quiescent current is less than 3.0 mA.
Low Dropout Voltage Positive 5.0 V, 500 mA regulator with onchip powerupreset TO220, D2PAK MC33267
Regulator circuit with externally programmable delay, current limit, and thermal
shutdown.
Low Dropout Voltage Positive 3.3 V, 5.0 V, 12 V, 800 mA regulator. SO8, DPAK, MC33269
Regulator SOT223, TO220
Low Dropout Voltage Positive regulator with 5 outputs fixed 2.8 V and 13 V. TSSOP16 MC33765
Regulator
Special Regulators
Voltage Regulator/Supervisory
Table 13. Voltage Regulator/Supervisory
Vout Vin
(V) IO (V)
(mA) Regline Regload TA Suffix/
Device Min Max Max Min Max (mV) Max (mV) Max (C) Package
MC34160 4.75 5.25 100 7.0 40 40 50 0 to +70 DIP16,
SO16L
SO 16L
MC33160 40 to +85
MC33267 4.9 5.2 500 6.0 26 50 50 40 to +105 TO220,
D2PAK
* These ICs are intended for powering cellular phone GaAs power amplifiers and can be used for other portable applications as well.

SMPSRM
Voltage Regulator/Supervisory (continued)

Microprocessor Voltage Regulator and Supervisory Circuit
MC34160P, DW
TA = 0 to +70C, DIP16, SO16L
MC33160P, DW
TA = 40 to +85C, DIP16, SO16L
The MC34160 series is a voltage regulator and supervi- reset comparator, power warning comparator with pro-
sory circuit containing many of the necessary monitoring grammable hysteresis, and an uncommitted comparator
functions required in microprocessor based systems. It is ideally suited for microprocessor line synchronization.
specifically designed for appliance and industrial applica- Additional features include a chip disable input for low
tions offering the designer a cost effective solution with standby current, and internal thermal shutdown for over
minimal external components. These integrated circuits temperature protection.
feature a 5.0 V, 100 mA regulator with short circuit current These devices are contained in a 16 pin dualinline
limiting, pinned out 2.6 V bandgap reference, low voltage heat tab plastic package for improved thermal conduction.
VCC Regulator
14
Thermal 0.913R 11 Output
Shutdown
0.01R Reset
7
R
Chip 2.6 V Reference

Disable 15 Reference 16 Output
Power
Power
8 Warning
Sense 9
IH
Hysteresis
IH On/Off
Adjust 10
Noninverting
Input 2
Inverting Comparator
6 Output
Input 1
Gnd 4, 5,12, 13

SMPSRM

Low Dropout Regulator
MC33267T, TV
TJ = 40 to +105C, TO220 5 Leads, D2PAK 5 Leads
The MC33267 is a positive fixed 5.0 V regulator that is held low. A programmable time delay is initiated after
is specifically designed to maintain proper voltage the regulator has reached its nominal level and upon
regulation with an extremely low inputtooutput voltage timeout, the reset output is released.
differential. This device is capable of supplying output Due to the low dropout voltage specifications, the
currents in excess of 500 mA and contains internal current MC33267 is ideally suited for use in battery powered
limiting and thermal shutdown protection. Also featured industrial and consumer equipment where an extension of
is an onchip powerup reset circuit that is ideally suited useful battery life is desirable. This device is contained in
for use in microprocessor based systems. Whenever the an economical five lead TO220 type package.
regulator output voltage is below nominal, the reset output
Input Output
1 5
3.01
R 20 A
Reference Reset
1.25 V Reset
0.03 2
R +
3.8 V
R Delay
Thermal
Delay
Over 200 4
Current +
Detector
1.25 V
Ground 3

SMPSRM

Very Low Dropout Regulator
L4949N, D
TJ = 40 to +125C, DIP8, SO8
The L4949 is a monolithic integrated 5.0 V voltage High Precision Standby Output Voltage 5.0 V 1%
regulator with a very low dropout and additional Output Current Capability Up to 100 mA
functions such as poweron reset and input voltage sense. Very Low Dropout Voltage Less Than 0.4 V
It is designed for supplying the microcomputer
Reset Circuit Sensing The Output Voltage
controlled systems especially in automotive applications.
Programmable Reset Pulse Delay With External
Operating DC Supply Voltage Range 5.0 V to 28 V Capacitor
Transient Supply Voltage Up to 40 V Voltage Sense Comparator
Extremely Low Quiescent Current in Standby Mode Thermal Shutdown and Short Circuit Protections
Output
Voltage (Vout)
VZ 3 8 CT 4
Supply
Voltage (VCC)
Preregulator
6.0 V
1
2.0 A
Reset
6
+
2.0 V
Regulator
Reset Sense
Sense Vs Output
Input (So)
(Si)
7
2
+
1.23 V

1.23 Vref Sense
5 Gnd

SMPSRM

Very Low Dropout/Ultra Noise 5 Outputs Voltage Regulator
MC33765
*
TA = 40 to +85C, TSSOP16
The MC33765 is an ultra low noise, very low dropout The other voltage regulators VR4 and VR5 have a
voltage regulator with five independent outputs which is common input voltage pin VCC2.
available in TSSOP 16 surface mount package. MC33765 Features:
Two versions are available: 2.8 V or 3.0 V. The voltage Five Independent Outputs at 2.8 V or 3.0 V Typical
of all five outputs is 2.8 V or 3.0 V typical but each output Internal Trimmed Voltage Reference
is capable of supplying different currents up to 150 mA Vout Tolerance 3.0% at 25C
for output 4. The device features a very low dropout volt- Enable Input Pin (LogicControlled Shutdown) for
age (0.11 V typical for maximum output current), very Each of the Five Outputs
low quiescent current (5.0 mA maximum in OFF mode, Common Enable Pin to Shutdown the Whole Circuit
130 mA typical in ON mode) and one of the output (out- Very Low Dropout Voltage (0.11 V Typical for
put 3) exhibits a very low noise level which allows the Output 1, 2, 3 and 5; 0.17 V Typical for Output 4 at
driving of noise sensitive circuitry. Internal current and Maximum Current)
Very Low Quiescent Current (Maximum 5.0 A in
thermal limiting protections are provided.
OFF Mode, 130 A Typical in ON Mode)
Additionally, the MC33765 has an independent
Ultra Low Noise for VR3 (30 V RMS Max,
Enable input pin for each output. It includes also a com- 100 Hz < f < 100 kHz)
mon Enable pin to shutdown the complete circuit when Internal Current and Thermal Limit
not used. The Common Enable pin has the highest prior- 100 nF for VR1, VR2, VR4 and VR5 and 1.0 F for
ity over the five independent Enable input pins. VR3 for Stability
The voltage regulators VR1, VR2 and VR3 have a Supply Voltage Rejection: 60 dB (Typical) @
common input voltage pin VCC1. f = 1.0 kHz
Operating
Device Voltage Version Temperature Range Package
MC33765DTB, R2
MC33765DTB30, R2
2.8 V Fixed
3.0 V Fixed
TA = *40 to +85C TSSOP16

SMPSRM
VCC1 (15) CE (2) (10) VCC2
330 nF
Common
Enable
(3)
ON/OFF 1 Enable Current
Limit VCC1

Voltage 1.25 V + (14)
BYPASS
Reference VOUT1
100 nF Temp.
Shut. 100 nF
(4)
Limit VCC1

+ (13)
VOUT2
Temp.
Shut. 100 nF
(5)
Limit VCC1

+ (12)
VOUT3
Temp.
Shut. 1.0 mF
(6)
Limit VCC2

+ (11)
VOUT4
Temp.
100 nF
Shut.
(7)
Limit VCC2

+ (9)
VOUT5
Temp.
100 nF
Shut.
(8)
GND

SMPSRM
SCSI Regulator
Table 14. SCSI Regulator
Vout Vin
(V) (V)
Isink Regline Regload TJ
Device Min Max (mA) Min Max (%) (%) (C) Package
MC34268 2.81 2.89 800 3.9 20 0.3 0.5 150 SO8, DPAK
SCSI2 Active Terminator Regulator

MC34268D, DT
TJ = 0 to +125C, DIP8, SO8
The MC34268 is a medium current, low dropout 2.85 V Output Voltage for SCSI2 Active
positive voltage regulator specifically designed for use in Termination
SCSI2 active termination circuits. This device offers the 1.0 V Dropout
circuit designer an economical solution for precision
Output Current in Excess of 800 mA
voltage regulation, while keeping power losses to a
minimum. The regulator consists of a 1.0 V dropout Thermal Protection
composite PNP/NPN pass transistor, current limiting, Short Circuit Protection
and thermal limiting. These devices are packaged in the
Output Trimmed to 1.4% Tolerance
8pin SOP8 and 3pin DPAK surface mount power
packages. No Minimum Load Required
Applications include active SCSI2 terminators and Space Saving DPAK and SOP8 Surface Mount
post regulation of switching power supplies. Power Packages
Input
Thermal Control
Limiting Circuit
Current
Limit Output
Ground

SMPSRM
MOSFET/IGBT Drivers
In Brief . . .
The most important design aspect of a MOSFET/IGBT Page
gate drive is optimization of the switching characteristics. High Speed Dual Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
The switching characteristics are especially important in Single IGBT Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
motor control applications in which PWM transistors are
used in a bridge configuration. In these applications, the
gate drive circuit components should be selected to opti-
mize turnon, turnoff and offstate impedance.

INTERFACE

ICs
Comparators
Controllers
Power Factor
Controllers
Voltage
References
Linear Voltage
Regulators
LDO Linear
Voltage
Regulators
MOSFET/
IGBT Drivers
Dedicated
Drivers
Dedicated Power
Mgmnt Controllers

SMPSRM
MOSFET/IGBT Drivers
High Speed Dual Drivers
(Inverting) (Noninverting)
MC34151P, D MC34152P, D
TA = 0 to +70C, DIP8, SO8 TA = 0 to +70C, DIP8, SO8
MC33151P, D MC33152P, D
TA = 40 to +85C, DIP8, SO8 TA = 40 to +85C, DIP8, SO8
These two series of high speed dual MOSFET driver The MC34151 series is pincompatible with the
ICs are specifically designed for applications requiring MMH0026 and DS0026 dual MOS clock drivers, and can
low current digital circuitry to drive large capacitive be used as dropin replacements to upgrade system
loads at high slew rates. Both series feature a unique performance. The MC34152 noninverting series is a
undervoltage lockout function which puts the outputs in mirror image of the inverting MC34151 series.
a defined low state in an undervoltage condition. In These devices can enhance the drive capabilities of
addition, the low on state resistance of these bipolar first generation switching regulators or systems designed
drivers allows significantly higher output currents at with CMOS/TTL logic devices. They can be used in
lower supply voltages than with competing drivers using dctodc converters, motor controllers, capacitor charge
CMOS technology. pump converters, or virtually any other application
requiring high speed operation of power MOSFETs.
VCC
6 MC34151
5.7 V
Drive
Logic
Output A
Input A 7
2 100 k
Drive
Logic
Output B
Input B 5
4 100 k
Gnd 3

SMPSRM
MOSFET/IGBT Drivers (continued)

Single IGBT Driver
MC33153P, D
TA = 40 to +105C, DIP8, SO8
The MC33153 is specifically designed to drive the High Current Output Stage : 1.0 A Source 2.0 A
gate of an IGBT used for ac induction motors. It can be Sink
used with discrete IGBTs and IBGT modules up to 100 A. Protection Circuits for Both Conventional and
Typical applications are ac induction motor control, SenseIGBTs
brushless dc motor control, and uninterruptable power Current Source for Blanking Timing
supplies. Protection Against Overcurrent and Short Circuit
These devices are available in dualinline and Undervoltage Lockout Optimized for IGBTs
surface mount packages and include the following Negative Gate Drive Capability
features:
VCC Short Circuit

Comparator
Output VCC
S
Over Q R Overcurrent Current
7 Comparator
current Sense
Latch 1 Input
VEE S
Q
R
VEE
Kelvin
VCC
Desat./Blank. VCC 2 Gnd
Comparator
Blanking
Desatur
8 ation
VEE
VCC
VCC
Gate
Input Drive
4 VCC 5 Ouptut
3 VEE
VEE
VCC VEE VEE
6

SMPSRM
Dedicated Drivers
In Brief . . .
Dedicated drivers are designed and developed for spe- Page
cific application like electronic ballast. These drivers are Half Bridge Controller and Driver
designed to meet the specific application requirements. for Industrial Linear Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Power Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Therefore the overall system performance as well as cost
Zero Voltage Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
is highly maintained and minimized respectively. Ulti- Zero Voltage Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
mately the uses of these devices require a simpler system
design.

INTERFACE

ICs
Comparators
Controllers
Power Factor
Controllers
Voltage
References
Linear Voltage
Regulators
LDO Linear
Voltage
Regulators
MOSFET/
IGBT Drivers
Dedicated
Drivers
Dedicated Power
Mgmnt Controllers

SMPSRM
Half Bridge Controller and Driver for Industrial Linear Tubes

MC33157DW
The MC33157DW includes the oscillator circuit and defined values makes this IC suitable for any serie
two output channels to control a halfbridge power stage. resonant topologies.
One of the channels is groundreferenced. The second Dedicated internal comparator provides an easy
one is floating to provide a bootstrap operation for the lamp strike detection implementation.
high side switch. Digital RESET pin provides a fast reset of the
Dedicated Driver for Industrial Linear Tubes system (less than 10 s). Both output Mosfet are set
Main oscillator is current controlled, making it easy to OFF state when RESET is zero.
to set up by a single external resistor. On top of that, Adjustable dead time makes the product suitable for
such a feature is useful to implement a dimming any snubber capacitor and size of MOSFET used as
function by frequency shift. power switches.
Filament preheating time control builtin. Designed to be used with standard setting capacitors
The strike sequence is controllable by external v 470 nF.
passive components, the resonant frequency being A voltage reference, derived from the internal
independently adjustable. This frequency can be bandgap, is provided for external usage. This
made different from the preheating and the steady voltage is 100% trimmed at probe level yielding a
state values. A frequency sweep between two 2% tolerance over the temperature range.
Tested Operating
MC33157DW TA = 40 to +85C Plastic SO16L
R END SWP
CSWEEP
RPH
CPH COP ROP
VDD
ICO
1 4 5 3 6 7 2 +Vref
+Vref Iph
a
15 V
UULO R
Iph
COMPARATOR
Ifstrike
Iop
BAND GAP PREHEAT & STRIKE CONTROL R
REFERENCE
+Vref
+Vref R
(+7 V)
+Vref
DT adjust
ENABLE 16
8 VHS
Dead Time LEVEL 15
Latch HIGH SIDE
VHO
CONTROL LOGIC SHIFTER BUFFER 14
Q VOUT
9 STRIKE detection 13
Strike NC
Detection Vth C LOW SIDE 12
Clear VLO
BUFFER 11 GND
INHIBIT
RESET 10

SMPSRM
Power Controllers
An assortment of battery and ac lineoperated control ICs for specific applications are shown. They are designed to
enhance system performance and reduce complexity in a wide variety of control applications.
Zero Voltage Switch

CA3059
TA = 40 to +85C, DIP14
This device is designed for thyristor control in a Triac Drive Supplies high current pulses to the
variety of ac power switching applications for ac input external power controlling thyristor.
voltages of 24 V, 120 V, 208/230 V, and 227 V @
50/60 Hz. Protection Circuit A builtin circuit may be
LimiterPower Supply Allows operation directly actuated, if the sensor opens or shorts, to remove the
from an ac line. drive circuit from the external triac.
Differential On/Off Sensing Amplifier Tests Inhibit Capability Thyristor firing may be
for condition of external sensors or input command inhibited by the action of an internal diode gate.
signals. Proportional control capability or hysteresis
may be implemented. High Power DC Comparator Operation
ZeroCrossing Detector Synchronizes the output Operation in this mode is accomplished by
pulses to the zero voltage point of the ac cycle. connecting Pin 7 to 12 (thus overriding the action of
Eliminates RFI when used with resistive loads. the zerocrossing detector).
VCC
RS Power
Limiter Supply RL
Current
Boost
Zero
Crossing
Detector
AC
Input DC Mode or
Voltage 400 Hz Input
Protection Triac
RP Circuit Drive
Gate
On/Off
Sensing
Amp
*
VCC
Gnd Inhibit External Trigger

*NTC Sensor

SMPSRM
Power Controllers (continued)
Zero Voltage Controller

UAA2016P, D
TA = 20 to +85C, DIP8, SO8
The UAA2016 is designed to drive triacs with the high hysteresis is needed, its value can be adjusted up to 5C
Zero Voltage technique which allows RFI free power around the set point. All these features are implemented
regulation of resistive loads. Operating directly on the ac with a very low external component count.
power line, its main application is the precision Zero Voltage Switch for Triacs, up to 2.0 kW
regulation of electrical heating systems such as panel (MAC212A8)
heaters or irons. Direct AC Line Operation
A builtin digital sawtooth waveform permits Proportional Regulation of Temperature over a 1C
proportional temperature regulation action over a 1C Band
band around the set point. For energy savings there is a Programmable Temperature Reduction
programmable temperature reduction function, and for Preset Temperature (i.e., Defrost)
security, a sensor failsafe inhibits output pulses when the Sensor Failsafe
sensor connection is broken. Preset temperature (i.e., Adjustable Hysteresis
defrost) application is also possible. In applications where Low External Component Count
Failsafe UAA2016
3 Sampling
Sense Input + Pulse 6
Full Wave Amplifier Output
Logic
4 Internal 7
Temperature + + 1/2 Reference +VCC
Reduction +
4Bit DAC Synchronization

2
Hysteresis
Adjust Supply
Voltage
11Bit Counter
1
Voltage
Reference
8 5
Sync VEE

SMPSRM
Dedicated Power
Management Controllers
In Brief . . .
Dedicated power management controllers are Page
designed and developed for specific applications like Power Supply and Management IC
PDAs, Smart Cardbased systems, or cellular phones. for Handheld Electronic Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
These controllers are utilizing mixedsignal processes GaAs Power Amplifier Support IC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
such as SMARTMOS for improved high performance Smartcard Power Management Controller
and precision characteristics. They have a high integra- and Interface IC for Smartcardbased Systems . . . 125
Versatile 6 Regulator Power Management
tion level and may integrate multiple analog or digital
Circuit for Cellular Subscriber Terminal . . . . . . . . . . 126
functions such as LDO voltage regulators, DCDC con-
verters, AnalogtoDigital converters, latches, and
multiple gates.

INTERFACE

ICs
Comparators
Controllers
Power Factor
Controllers
Voltage
References
Linear Voltage
Regulators
LDO Linear
Voltage
Regulators
MOSFET/
IGBT Drivers
Dedicated
Drivers
Dedicated Power
Mgmnt Controllers

SMPSRM
Power Supply and Management IC for Handheld

Electronic Products
MC34280
0C to +70C, LQFP 32Pins
The MC34280 is a power supply integrated circuit MC34280 the best onechip power management solution
which provides two boost regulated outputs and some for applications such as electronic organizers and PDAs.
power management supervisory functions. Both Low Input Voltage, 1V up
regulators apply PulseFrequencyModulation (PFM). Low Quiescent Current in Standby Mode: 35A
The main stepup regulator output can be externally typical
adjusted from 2.7V to 5V. An internal synchronous PFM and Synchronous Rectification to ensure high
rectifier is used to ensure high efficiency (achieve 87%). efficiency (87% @200mA Load)
The auxiliary regulator with a builtin power transistor Adjustable Main Output: nominal 3.3V @ 200mA
can be configured to produce a wide range of positive
max, with 1.8V input
voltage (can be used for LCD contrast voltage). This
Auxiliary Output Voltage can be digitally controlled
voltage can be adjusted from +5V to +25V by an external
by microprocessor
potentiometer; or by a microprocessor, digitally through
a 6bit internal DAC. Auxiliary Output Voltage:
The MC34280 has been designed for battery powered +5V @ 25mA max, with 1.8V input
handheld products. With the low startup voltage from +25V @ 15mA max, with 1.8V input
1V and the low quiescent current (typical 35 A); the Current Limit Protection
MC34280 is best suited to operate from 1 to 2 AA/ AAA PowerON Reset Signal with Programmable Delay
cell. Moreover, supervisory functions such as low battery Battery Low Detection
detection, CPU poweron reset, and backup battery Lithium Battery Backup
control, are also included in the chip. It makes the 32Pin LQFP Package
Operating
MC34280 0C to +70C 32pin LQFP

SMPSRM
Typical Application Block Diagram

Battery
CVDD Lock
c = 20u Switch
VBAT VBAT Optional
CMAINb
GND c = 100p
Riref Cpor Ren
r = 480 k GND VREF c = 80n GND r = 1000 k CMAINbp
RMAINb c = 100u
r = 1000 k
GND GND 10 V SMT
IREF AGND VREF PDELAY VDD ENABLE VBAT VMAINFB tantalum
8 7 6 5 VDD 4 3 2 1 GND
R123 LMAIN
VBAT r=5 L = 33u
(Rs < 60 mOhm)
RLBa Power Control and VMAIN

r = 300 k LOWBATSEN ON Gate Drive
Reset s d VMAIN
9
RLBb DGND M2 32
r = 900 k Startup 1N5817
10 d CMAIN
Current
Bias 31 VMAINSW c = 100u
M1
GND GND Voltage
s VMAINGND 10 V SMT
PORB Reference Current
Low 30 tantalum
11 Limit
Battery
LOWBATB Detect 29 N/C GND
Main Regulator with GND
12 Synchronous Rectifier 28 LIBATOUT
LIBATON Lithium
Battery d
13 Backup
LIBATCL M3
s LIBATIN
14
27
VAUXADJ
VAUXEMR GND
15
Level Current Control and 26
VAUXCON Q1
PORB Control Limit Base Drive VAUXSW GND
16
LOWBAT 25
LIBATON Auxiliary Regulator
LIBATCL
VAUXADJ 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
VAUXCON VAUXEN VAUXFBN VBAT VAUXBDV N/C
VAUXEN VAUXBASE
VAUXFBP VAUXREF
(1.1 V to 2.2 V) VAUXCHG
LAUX
L = 22u
(Rs < 60 mOhm) VAUX
1N5818
VBAT Caux Optional

30 V SMT c = 30u
CAUXbp tantalum
Rauxb CAUXb
c = 100u
r = 2.2 M c = 2n
10 V SMT GND
tantalum
GND CAUXa
Optional Rauxa
r = 200 k c = 33n
GND

SMPSRM
GaAs Power Amplifier Support IC

MC33169DTB
TA = 40 to +85C, TSSOP14
The MC33169 is a support IC for GaAs Power 4.0 V version is intended for supplying RF modules for
Amplifier Enhanced FETs used in hand portable GSM and DCS1800 applications.
telephones such as GSM, PCN and DECT. This device Negative Regulated Output for Full Depletion of
provides negative voltages for full depletion of Enhanced GaAs MESFETs
MESFETs as well as a priority management system of Drain Switch Priority Management Circuit
drain switching, ensuring that the negative voltage is CMOS Compatible Inputs
always present before turning on the Power Amplifier. Idle Mode Input (Standby Mode) for Very Low
Additional features include an idle mode input and a Current Consumption
direct drive of the NChannel drain switch transistor. Output Signal Directly Drives NChannel FET
This product is available in one version, 4.0 V. The Low Startup and Operating Current
C3
+
VBB Double +
12 VBattery
+ + VCC
(2.7 to 7.0 V)
C1 2 C2 1 14
8 MMSF4N01HD
VBB 11 3 VBB
Generator Gate Drive Output
Triple + MC33169
C4 (Voltage Tripler)

Tx Power Priority
Control 9 Management
Input RF RF
In Out
13 Power Amplifier
Idle Sense
10
Mode Input
6 Sense Input
Gnd
Negative
Generator
Charge
Pump
7 + 5 4 +
C
Cp VO Ci + f
Output
( 2.5 V or 4.0 V) Rf

SMPSRM
Smartcard Power Management Controller and Interface IC

for Smartcardbased Systems
MC33560
TA = *25C to +85C, SO24WB, TSSOP24
The MC33560A is an interface IC for smartcard reader/ Microprocessor Wakeup Signal Generated Upon
writer applications. It allows to manage any type of smart Card Insertion
or memory card through a simple and flexible microcon- Selfcontained DC/DC Converter to Generate VCC
troller interface, and several couplers may be managed in using a Minimum of Passive Components
parallel. The MC33560A is particularly suited to low Controlled Power Up/Down Sequence for High
power and portable applications because of its power sav- Signal Integrity on the Card I/O and Signal Lines
Programmable Card Clock Generator
ing features and the minimum of external parts required.
Chip Select Capability for Parallel Coupler Operation
Battery life is extended by the wide operating range and
High ESD Protection on Card Pins (4 kV, Human
the low quiescent current in standby mode. A highly so- Body Model)
phisticated protection system guarantees timely and con- Fault Monitoring VBATlow, VCClow and ICClim
trolled shutdown upon error conditions. All card outputs current limited and short circuit
100% Compatible with ISO 78163 Standard protected
Wide Battery Supply Voltage Range:
t
1.8 V VBAT 6.6 Vt ORDERING INFORMATION
Programmable VCC Supply for 3 V or 5 V Card Operating

Operation
Power Management for Very Low Quiescent Current MC33560ADW
TA = *25 to +85C SO24WB
in Standby Mode (MC33560A: 10 A max) MC33560ADTB TSSOP24
Simplified Functional Block Diagram

VBAT
L1
ILIM DC/DC
CONVERTER
PGND
PWRON POWER
INT MANAGER CARD CRDDET
AND DETECTOR
RDYMOD DELAY CRDCON
PROGRAMMING
CS
SYNCLK
CLOCK VBAT
ASYCLKIN GENERATOR
INVOUT CRDVCC
CRDIO
IO CRDRST
RESET LEVEL CRDC4
TRANSLATOR
C4 CRDC8
C8 CRDCLK
CRDGND

SMPSRM
Versatile 6 Regulator Power Management Circuit for Cellular

Subscriber Terminal
MC33283
TA = *20C to +70C, TQFP32
The MC33283 is a complete power management Finally, housed in a compact Thin Quad Flat Pack
solution for portable devices such as telephone handsets, TQFP32 package, the MC33283 gathers all the features
twoway radios, etc. Thanks to its large scale integration, necessary to power future portable radios.
the device offers up to seven Low DropOut regulators 6 regulated outputs:
(LDO), two of them delivering a voltage higher than the 2.85V, four outputs: 10135mA
batterys. 4.75V @ 15mA
5.0V @ 20mA
Despite the presence of an internal charge pump, the
Lownoise: 40VRMS at nominal output levels
overall noise specification makes the circuit an ideal
(10Hz100kHz)
candidate where noise is an important feature. Outputs
Ultralow reverse current in OFF mode (200nA
deliver 40VRMS typical (10100kHz) at nominal typical)
output current. Twomode regulator: output 5 switches from 3 to
With a 50dB ripple rejection under 10kHz, the circuit 5V with SEL pin activated
naturally shields the downstream electronics against DC Thermal shutdown for a rugged and reliable
choppy lines. This parameter guarantees a clean opera- operation
tion for battery operated devices. All outputs are shortcircuit proof
Operating
MC33283FTB28,R2 *20C to +70C TQFP32

SMPSRM
VCC2 VCC1
29 5
VCC2
VR1
VCC1
5 mA 12
BUB
23
POR 700 k
VR1
VCC1
UVLO2 UVLO1
VR1 UVLO1
31
R1 OUT1
Vref
2 mA
22 VCC1
UVLO2
REFERENCE ON/OFF2
R2 3
VOLTAGE Vref OUT2
Vref
26 VCC1
CBYP
HIGH = UVLO
27 ACTIVE ON/OFF3 4
ENRS R3 OUT3
OUT5 VOLTAGE Vref
SELECTION
28
EN2 Vref
R5A
21 ON/OFF2 ON/
EN3
ON/OFF3 OFF5
ENABLE
20 ON/OFF4 VCC1 6
EN5 SWITCHES OUT5
ON/OFF5
19 VCC2 ON/OFF6
EN6 Vref
R5B
30
EN7
VCC2
18
SEL ON/OFF6 10
R6 OUT6
Vref
VCC1
OVLO
ON/OFF7 2
R7 OUT7
VCC2 Vref
6.5 V
OVLO CP ENABLE VCC2

14
VS 1 IN VCC_CP
CHARGE PUMP
13 15 7 14 1
D1 B1 GND CP Vin GND

SMPSRM
System Management
In Brief . . .
Power supplies, MCUbased systems, industrial con- Page
trols, computer systems and many other products, portable Supervisory Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
or not, are requiring system management functions which Overvoltage Crowbar Sensing Circuit . . . . . . . . . 129
monitor voltages to ensure proper system operation. Over/Undervoltage Protection Circuit . . . . . . . . . 130
These circuits monitor critical circuit conditions and Micropower Undervoltage Sensing Circuits . . . . 131
Micropower Undervoltage Sensing Circuits
report any violations of prescribed limits to a microproces-
with Programmable Output Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
sor. The microprocessor will then take appropriate action Undervoltage Sensing Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
such as storing data before executing a graceful shutdown. Universal Voltage Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Motorola offers a wide variety of voltage supervisory
circuits (Undervoltage or Overvoltage) designed for use
where precise voltage limits or windows are required for
reliable system operation.
Newer supervisory circuits have utilized CMOS
technology and miniature surface mount packages
(SOT235 leads) to reduce the current consumption and
the PCB board area. This makes them particularly suited
for batterypowered applications.

INTERFACE

ICs
Comparators
Controllers
Power Factor
Controllers
Voltage
References
Linear Voltage
Regulators
LDO Linear
Voltage
Regulators
MOSFET/
IGBT Drivers
Dedicated
Drivers
Dedicated Power
Mgmnt Controllers

SMPSRM
Supervisory Circuits
A variety of Power Supervisory Circuits are offered. provide pinprogrammable trip voltages or additional
Overvoltage sensing circuits which drive Crowbar features, such as an indicator output drive and remote
SCRs are provided in several configurations from a low activation capability. An over/undervoltage protection
cost threeterminal version to 8pin devices which circuit is also offered.
Overvoltage Crowbar Sensing Circuit

MC3423P1, D
TA = 0 to +70C, DIP8, SO8 Packages
This device can protect sensitive circuitry from resistive voltage divider. A minimum duration before
power supply transients or regulator failure when used trip is programmable with an external capacitor. Other
with an external Crowbar SCR. The device senses features include a 300 mA high current output for driv-
voltage and compares it to an internal 2.6 V reference. ing the gate of a Crowbar SCR, an opencollector
Overvoltage trip is adjustable by means of an external indicator output and remote activation capability.
VCC 1
200 A
4
Current
2
Source
Sense 1
Vref
2.6 V 8
Output
7 3 5 6
VEE Sense 2 Indicator
Remote Output
Activation

SMPSRM
Over/Undervoltage Protection Circuit

MC3425P1
TA = 0 to +70C, DIP8 Package
The MC3425 is a power supply supervisory circuit drive output for use in conjunction with an external SCR
containing all the necessary functions required to Crowbar for shutdown. The undervoltage channel
monitor over and undervoltage fault conditions. This input comparator has hysteresis which is externally
device features dedicated over and undervoltage programmable, and an opencollector output for fault
sensing channels with independently programmable indication.
time delays. The overvoltage channel has a high current
VCC
8
OV
Sense 200 A
OV
Drive
1
6
200 A
UV
UV Indicator
Sense
4 IH 2.5 V
Vref
12.5 A
5 2 7 Gnd
Input Section UV OV Output Section
DLY DLY

SMPSRM
Supervisory Circuits (continued)

Micropower Undervoltage Sensing Circuits
MC33464H, N
TA = 30 to +80C, SOT89, SOT23 5 Leads Packages
The MC33464 series are micropower undervoltage SOT23 5pin surface mount packages.
sensing circuits that are specifically designed for use Applications include direct monitoring of the
with battery powered microprocessor based systems, MPU/logic power supply used in portable, appliance,
where extended battery life is required. A choice of sev- automotive and industrial equipment.
eral threshold voltages from 0.9 V to 4.5 V are available. MC33464 Features:
These devices feature a very low quiescent bias current Extremely Low Standby Current of 0.8 A at Vin =
of 0.8 A typical. 1.5 V
The MC33464 series features a highly accurate Wide Input Voltage Range (0.7 V to 10 V)
voltage reference, a comparator with precise thresholds Monitors Power Supply Voltages from 1.1 V to 5.0 V
and builtin hysteresis to prevent erratic reset operation, High Accuracy Detector Threshold (2.5%)
a choice of output configurations between open drain or Two Reset Output Types (Open Drain or
complementary MOS, and guaranteed operation below Complementary Drive)
1.0 V with extremely low standby current. These Two Surface Mount Packages (SOT89 or SOT23
devices are available in either SOT89 3pin or 5Pin)
Threshold Operating Package
Device Voltage Type Temperature Range (Qty/Reel)
MC33464H09AT1 0.9
MC33464H20AT1 2.0 Open
MC33464H27AT1 2.7 Drain
MC33464H30AT1 3.0 Reset
MC33464H45AT1 4.5 SOT89
MC33464H09CT1 0.9 (1000)
MC33464H20CT1 2.0 Compl.
MC33464H27CT1 2.7 MOS
MC33464H30CT1 3.0 Reset
MC33464H45CT1 4.5
MC33464N09ATR 0.9 TA = 30 to +80C
MC33464N20ATR 2.0 Open
MC33464N21ATR 2.1
Drain
MC33464N27ATR 2.7
MC33464N30ATR 3.0 Reset
SOT23
MC33464N45ATR 4.5 ((3000))
MC33464N09CTR 0.9 5 Leads
MC33464N20CTR 2.0 Compl.
MC33464N27CTR 2.7 MOS
MC33464N30CTR 3.0 Reset
MC33464N45CTR 4.5
Other voltages from 0.9 to 6.0 V, in 0.1 V increments, are available. Consult factory for information.
MC33464XYYATZ Open Drain Configuration MC33464XYYCTZ Complementary Drive Configuration

2 Input 2 Input
1
Reset
1
Reset
Vref Vref
X Denotes Package Type
YY Denotes Threshold Voltage
3 Gnd TZ Denotes Taping Type 3 Gnd

SMPSRM

Micropower Undervoltage Sensing Circuits with
Programmable Output Delay
MC33465N
TA = 30 to +80C, SOT23 5 Leads
The MC33465 series are micropower undervoltage Applications include direct monitoring of the
sensing circuits that are specifically designed for use MPU/logic power supply used in appliance, automotive,
with battery powered microprocessor based systems, industrial and portable equipment.
where extended battery life is required. A choice of MC33465 Features:
several threshold voltages from 0.9 V to 4.5 V are Extremely Low Standby Current of 1.0 A at Vin =
available. This device features a very low quiescent bias 3.5 V
current of 1.0 A typical. Wide Input Voltage Range (0.7 V to 10 V)
The MC33465 series features a highly accurate Monitors Power Supply Voltages from 1.1 V to 5.0 V
voltage reference, a comparator with precise thresholds
High Accuracy Detector Threshold (2.5%)
and builtin hysteresis to prevent erratic reset operation,
a choice of output configurations between open drain or Two Reset Output Types (Open Drain or
complementary, a time delayed output, which can be Complementary Drive)
programmed by the system designer, and guaranteed Programmable Output Delay by External Capacitor
operation below 1.0 V with extremely low standby (100 ms typ. with 0.15 F)
current. This device is available in a SOT23 5pin Surface Mount Package (SOT23 5Pin)
surface mount package. Convenient Tape and Reel (3000 per Reel)
Threshold Operating
Device Voltage Type Temperature Range Package
MC33465N09ATR 0.9
MC33465N20ATR 2.0 Open
O en
MC33465N27ATR 2.7
Drain
MC33465N30ATR 3.0
MC33465N32ATR 3.2 Reset
MC33465N45ATR 4.5 SOT23
TA = 30
30 to +80C
MC33465N09CTR 0.9 5 Leads
MC33465N20CTR 2.0 Compl.
Com l.
MC33465N27CTR 2.7
MOS
MC33465N30CTR 3.0
MC33465N43CTR 4.3 Reset
MC33465N45CTR 4.5
Other voltages from 0.9 to 6.0 V, in 0.1 V increments, are available. Consult factory for information.
MC33465NYYATR MC33465NYYCTR
Open Drain Output Configuration Complementary Output Configuration
2 Input 1 Reset 2 Input
RD RD
1
Reset
Vref Vref
3 Gnd 5 CD 3 Gnd 5 CD
YY Denotes Threshold Voltage

SMPSRM
Undervoltage Sensing Circuit

MC34064P5, D5, DM5 MC34164 series covers 5.0 V 10% and 3.0 V 5%
TA = 0 to +70C, TO92, SO8 power supplies with significantly lower power con-
MC33064P5, D5, DM5 sumption, making them ideal for applications where
TA = 40 to +85C, TO92, SO8 extended battery life is required such as consumer prod-
MC34164P3, P5, D3, D5, DM3, DM5 ucts or hand held equipment.
TA = 0 to +70C, TO92, SO8 Applications include direct monitoring of the 5.0 V
MC33164P3, P5, D3, D5, DM3, DM5 MPU/ logic power supply used in appliance, automo-
TA = 40 to +85C, TO92, SO8 tive, consumer, and industrial equipment.
The MC34064 and MC34164 are two families of The MC34164 is specifically designed for battery
undervoltage sensing circuits specifically designed for powered applications where low bias current (1/25th of
use as reset controllers in microprocessorbased sys- the MC34064s) is an important characteristic.
tems. They offer the designer an economical solution for
Input
low voltage detection with a single external resistor.
2 (2)
Both parts feature a trimmed bandgap reference, and a
Reset
comparator with precise thresholds and builtin hyster- 1 (1)
esis to prevent erratic reset operation.
The two families of undervoltage sensing circuits Pin numbers in
taken together, cover the needs of the most commonly parenthesis
are for the
specified power supplies used in MCU/MPU systems. D suffix package.
Key parameter specifications of the MC34164 family
1.2 Vref
were chosen to complement the MC34064 series. The
table summarizes critical parameters of both families.
The MC34064 fulfills the needs of a 5.0 V 5% system 3 (4)
and features a tighter hysteresis specification. The Gnd
Table 1. Undervoltage Sense/Reset Controller Features

MC34X64 devices are specified to operate from 0 to +70C, and MC33X64 devices operate from 40 to +85C.
Minimum Power
Standard Typical Typical Output Supply Maximum
Power Threshold Hysteresis Sink Inp t
Input Quiescent
Q iescent
Supply Voltage Voltage Current Voltage Input
Device Supported (V) (V) (mA) Range (V) Current Package
MC34064/MC33064 5.0 V 5% 4.6 0.02 10 1.0 to 10 500 A TO92
@
Vin = 5.0 V SO8
MC34164/MC33164 5.0 V 10% 4.3 0.09 7.0 1.0 to 12 20 A TO92

@
Vin = 5.0 V SO8
MC34164/MC33164 3.0 V 5% 2.7 0.06 6.0 1.0 to 12 15 A TO92

@
Vin = 3.0 V SO8

SMPSRM

Universal Voltage Monitor
MC34161P, D Pinned Out 2.54 V Reference with Current Limit
TA = 0 to +70C, DIP8, SO8 Protection
MC33161P, D Low Standby Current
Open Collector Outputs for Enhanced Device
TA = 40 to +85C, Case 626, 751
Flexibility
The MC34161, MC33161 series are universal volt-
VCC
age monitors intended for use in a wide variety of volt-
age sensing applications. These devices offer the circuit 8
designer an economical solution for positive and nega-
tive voltage detection. The circuit consists of two com- 2.54 V
Vref
parator channels each with hysteresis, a unique Mode Reference
1
Select Input for channel programming, a pinned out
2.54 V reference, and two open collector outputs capa- Channel 1
ble of sinking in excess of 10 mA. Each comparator Mode
Select 7
channel can be configured as either inverting or nonin-
2.8 Output 1
verting by the Mode Select Input. This allows over, Input 1 6
under, and window detection of positive and negative V
2
voltages. The minimum supply voltage needed for these
1.27
devices to be fully functional is 2.0 V for positive volt-
V
age sensing and 4.0 V for negative voltage sensing.
Channel 2
Applications include direct monitoring of positive
and negative voltages used in appliance, automotive,
consumer, and industrial equipment. 0.6 Output 2
Input 2 5
Unique Mode Select Input Allows Channel 3
V
Programming
Over, Under, and Window Voltage Detection 1.27
V
Positive and Negative Voltage Detection
Fully Functional at 2.0 V for Positive Voltage Gnd 4
Sensing and 4.0 V for Negative Voltage Sensing
TRUTH TABLE
Mode Select Input 1 Output 1 Input 2 Output 2
Pin 7 Pin 2 Pin 6 Pin 3 Pin 5 Comments
GND 0 0 0 0 Channels 1 & 2: Noninverting
1 1 1 1
Vref 0 0 0 1 Channel 1: Noninverting
1 1 1 0 Channel 2: Inverting
VCC (>2.0 V) 0 1 0 1 Channels 1 & 2: Inverting
1 0 1 0
VCC
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE OVERVOLTAGE DETECTOR
8
V4
Input VS2 VHys2 2.54 V
V3 Reference
1
Gnd
7 + +
R4
VS1 + 2.8 V
V1 6
Input VS1 VHys1 R3 2 +
V2
1.27 V
Output VCC + +
R2
Voltage LED On VS2 + 0.6 V
5
Pins 5, 6 Gnd 3 +
R1 1.27 V

SMPSRM
SCG WORLDWIDE SALES OFFICES

UNITED STATES CANADA INTERNATIONAL (continued)
ONTARIO KOREA
ALABAMA Ottawa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (613)2263491 Seoul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82234407200
Huntsville . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (256)4646800 QUEBEC MALAYSIA
CALIFORNIA Montreal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (514)3333300 Penang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60(4)2282514
Irvine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (949)7537360
MEXICO
San Jose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (408)7490510 INTERNATIONAL Guadalajara . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52(36)780750
COLORADO BRAZIL PHILIPPINES
Denver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (303)3373434 Sao Paulo . . . . . . . . . . . 55(011)30305244 Manila . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (63)2 8078455
FLORIDA CHINA PUERTO RICO
St. Petersberg . . . . . . . . . . . (813)5244177 Beijing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 861065642288 San Juan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (787)6414100
GEORGIA Guangzhou . . . . . . . . . . . 862087537888
SINGAPORE
Atlanta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (770)7297100 Shanghai . . . . . . . . . . . . . 862163747668 Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (65)4818188
ILLINOIS FRANCE SPAIN
Chicago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (847)4132500 Paris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33134 635900 Madrid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34(1)4578204
MASSACHUSETTS GERMANY or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34(1)4578254
Boston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (781)9329700 Munich . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 89 921030
SWEDEN
MICHIGAN HONG KONG Stockholm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46(8)7348800
Detroit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (248)3476800 Hong Kong . . . . . . . . . . . . 85226106888
TAIWAN
MINNESOTA INDIA Taipei . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 886(2)27058000
Minnetonka . . . . . . . . . . . . . (612)9321500 Bangalore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91805598615
THAILAND
NORTH CAROLINA ISRAEL Bangkok . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66(2)2544910
Raleigh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (919)8704355 Tel Aviv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97299522333
UNITED KINGDOM
PENNSYLVANIA ITALY Aylesbury . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 1 (296)395252
Philadelphia/Horsham . . . . (215)9574100 Milan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39(2)82201
TEXAS JAPAN
Dallas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (972)5165100 Tokyo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81334403311

SMPSRM
MOTOROLA SPS STANDARD DOCUMENT TYPE DEFINITIONS

REFERENCE MANUAL
A Reference Manual is a publication that contains a comprehensive system or devicespecific description of the structure and
function (operation) of a particular part/system; used overwhelmingly to describe the functionality of a microprocessor,
microcontroller, or some other submicron sized device. Procedural information in a Reference Manual is limited to less than 40
percent (usually much less).
USERS GUIDE
A Users Guide contains procedural, taskoriented instructions for using or running a device or product. A Users Guide differs
from a Reference Manual in the following respects:
* Majority of information (> 60%) is procedural, not functional, in nature
* Volume of information is typically less than for Reference Manuals
* Usually written more in active voice, using secondperson singular (you) than is found in Reference Manuals
* May contain photographs and detailed line drawings rather than simple illustrations that are often found in Reference Manuals
POCKET GUIDE
A Pocket Guide is a pocketsized document that contains technical reference information. Types of information commonly found
in pocket guides include block diagrams, pinouts, alphabetized instruction set, alphabetized registers, alphabetized thirdparty
vendors and their products, etc.
ADDENDUM
A documentation Addendum is a supplemental publication that contains missing information or replaces preliminary information
in the primary publication it supports. Individual addendum items are published cumulatively. Addendums end with the next revision
of the primary document.
APPLICATION NOTE
An Application Note is a document that contains realworld application information about how a specific Motorola
device/product is used with other Motorola or vendor parts/software to address a particular technical issue. Parts and/or software must
already exist and be available.
A document called ApplicationSpecific Information is not the same as an Application Note.
SELECTOR GUIDE
A Selector Guide is a trifold (or larger) document published on a regular basis (usually quarterly) by many, if not all, divisions,
that contains key lineitem, devicespecific information for particular product families. Some Selector Guides are published in book
format and contain previously published information.
PRODUCT PREVIEW
A Product Preview is a summary document for a product/device under consideration or in the early stages of development. The
Product Preview exists only until an Advance Information document is published that replaces it. The Product Preview is often
used as the first section or chapter in a corresponding reference manual. The Product Preview displays the following disclaimer at
the bottom of the first page: Motorola reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice.
ADVANCE INFORMATION
The Advance Information document is for a device that is NOT fully MCqualified. The Advance Information document is
replaced with the Technical Data document once the device/part becomes fully MCqualified. The Advance Information document
displays the following disclaimer at the bottom of the first page: This document contains information on a new product.
Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
TECHNICAL DATA
The Technical Data document is for a product/device that is in full production (i.e., fully released). It replaces the Advance
Information document and represents a part that is M, X, XC, or MC qualified. The Technical Data document is virtually the same
document as the Product Preview and the Advance Information document with the exception that it provides information that is
unavailable for a product in the early phases of development (such as complete parametric characterization data). The Technical Data
document is also a more comprehensive document that either of its earlier incarnations. This document displays no disclaimer, and
while it may be informally referred to as a data sheet, it is not labeled as such.
ENGINEERING BULLETIN
An Engineering Bulletin is a writeup that typically focuses on a single specific solution for a particular engineering or
programming issue involving one or several devices.

Switchmode Power Supplies: Reference Manual and Design Guide

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Switchmode Power Supplies: Reference Manual and Design Guide

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SWITCHMODE t Power Supplies

Reference Manual and Design Guide

Mfax is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.

How to reach us:

Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com 3

Literature Available from Motorola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Analog ICs for SWITCHMODE Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

SCG Worldwide Sales Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

4 Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com

What Everyone Should Know About Switching

Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com 5

Basic Converters (continued)

Vin D Cout RLOAD

A Basic Forward-Mode Converter

Vin Cout Vout RLOAD VD(FWD) Cout Vout RLOAD

Power Switch ON Power Switch OFF

POWER SWITCH POWER SWITCH POWER SWITCH POWER SWITCH

DIODE POWER SWITCH DIODE POWER SWITCH

Figure 1. Forward-Mode Converter Operation

6 Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com

Basic Converters (continued)

Flyback or Boost-mode Converter

Vin SW Cout RLOAD

A Basic Flyback-Mode Converter

ILOAD IOff ILOAD

Power Switch ON Power Switch OFF

Figure 2. Schematic of a Boost Converter

Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com 7

Figure 3. Waveforms for a Boost Converter

8 Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com

Common Topologies (continued)

Table 1. Comparison of the PWM Switching Regulator Topologies

Pwr Range Vin(DC) In/Out Typical Relative Figure

Figure 4. Where Various Transformer-Isolated

Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com 9

Figure 5. The Buck Regulator Topology

Figure 6. The Boost Regulator Topology

Figure 7. The Buck/Boost Regulator Topology

10 Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com

Figure 8. The Half-Forward Regulator Topology

Figure 9. The Flyback Regulator Topology

Figure 10. The Push-Pull Regulator Topology

Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com 11

Figure 11. The Half-Bridge Regulator Topology

Figure 12. The Full-Bridge Regulator Topology

12 Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com

Power Factor Correction

Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com 13

Power Factor Correction (continued)

Input current waveshaping is required by the minimum of external components.

Table 2. Power Factor Controller Test Data

AC Line Input DC Output

14 Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com

A ZCS QuasiResonant Buck Converter

Figure 15. Schematic and Waveforms for a

Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com 15

Quasi-Resonant Converters (continued)

A ZCS QuasiResonant Buck Converter

Figure 16. Schematic and Waveforms for a

16 Home Page http://scgtomorrow.motorola.com

Losses and Stresses within

PINCHING OFF INDUCTIVE

PINCHING OFF INDUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE