Study Sheet #2

Definitions:

1. Abscess – a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the disintegration of

tissue
2. Brain – That part of the central nervous system contained within the cranium
(skull), comprising the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain, and developed from the
embryonic neural tube.
3. Central Nervous System (CNS) – the portion of the nervous system consisting
of the brain and spinal cord
4. Conjunctivitis – inflammation of the delicate membrane lining the eyelids and
covering parts of the eyeball.
5. Dermatitis – Inflammation of the skin.
6. Dewclaw – Rudimentary first digit of dogs and cats, found on the inner side of the
front legs, above the weight-bearing digits. Commonly removed from
puppies at an early age because of the susceptibility to injury throughout
life. Occasionally found on the hindlegs of some dogs.
7. Inflammation – A localized protective response elicited by injury or destruction
of tissues, which serves to destroy, dilute or wall off both the injurious
agent and the injured tissue.
8. Kidney – Either of the two organs in the lumbar region that filter the blood,
excreting the end-products of body metabolism in the form of urine, and
regulating the concentrations of hydrogen, sodium, potassium, phosphate
and other ions in the extracellular fluid.
9. Muzzle – a)The part of the face supported by the maxillae and nasal bones; the
part of a dog’s head anterior to the stop (facial indentation) and cheeks,
containing the nasal passages and bearing the nosepad. b) An appliance
placed over the mouth of an animal, usually a dog, to prevent it from
biting.
10. Otitis – Inflammation of the ear.
11. Otoscope – An instrument for inspecting the ear.
12. Pulse – a) A rhythmic wave. B) The beat of the heart as felt through the walls of
the arteries. What is felt is not the blood pulsing through the arteries but a
shock wave, generated by the abrupt ejection of blood from the heart, that
travels along the arteries.
13. Restraint – Control of an animal so that it can be examined or treated.
14. Stethoscope – An instrument used to hear and amplify the sounds produced by
the heart, lungs and other internal organs.

(the definitions listed above are from the “Veterinary Assistant Training Manual – Level 1)
 Latin

1. aden – gland
2. aorte – aorta
3. bronchos – gullet
4. cheir – hand
5. chole – bile
6. derma – skin
7. gaster – belly
8. haima – blood
9. hepar – liver
10. hygieia – health
11. hymen – membrane
12. kardia – heart
13. kephale – head
14. kranion – skull
15. larynx – voice box
16. mania – madness
17. nausea – seasickness
18. neuron – tendon, nerve
19. osteon – bone
20. opthalmos - eye
 Pathogens

1. Micrococcus species
a. Not pathogens of humans or domestic animals
2. Enterococcus species
a. Opportunistic pathogens of humans and domestic animals
b. Normal enteric flora of humans and animals
3. Escherichia coli
a. Colibacillosis – humans and animals
i. 4 Serovars
1. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli – bloody diarrhea
2. Enteroinvasive E. coli – dysentery (severe diarrhea)
3. Enteropathogenic E. coli – enterocolitis (inflammation)
4. Enterotoxigenic E. coli – fluid and electrolyte loss
4. Salmonella
a. S. abortusequi
i. Equine – abortion
b. S. choleraesuis
i. Porcine – septicemia
c. S. gallinarium
i. Chickens, Turkeys – fowl typhoid
d. S. pullorum
i. Chickens, Turkeys – pullorum
e. S. typhi
i. Man – typhoid
f. S. typhimurium
i. Animals, Man – Enterocolitis
g. Other serovars
i. Animals, Man – Enterocolitis
5. Shigella
a. S. dysenteriae
i. Man – bacillary dysentery
b. S. boydii
i. Man – diarrhea
c. S. flexneri
i. Man – diarrhea
d. S. sonnei
i. Man - diarrhea