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INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES

& SPPP's, Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur Organize


National Conference Special Issue March 2016

Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, March, 2016 ISSN (Online): 2454-8499 Impact Factor: 1.3599(GIF),
0.679(IIFS)
Probabilistic Design of optimized composite Box Beam by Ansys
Mr.A.T.Babar1, Mr. S.M.Shinde 2,Mr.S.A.Kale3
1
Assistant Professor,Department of Civil Engineering,
2,3
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur
ABSTRACT
This study represents simulation of optimized Rectangular composite beam by using Monte
Carlo method. It has been carried out and uncertainty in Maximum bending stress and Deflection
is analyzed. Maximum bending stress and Deflection was objective function. Chord length ,
beam length ,elastic modulus and shear modulusin XY,YZ,XZ of epoxy graphite, ply angle and
ply thickness of rectangular section, force are varied within effective range and their effect on
Maximum bending stress and Deflection has been analyzed. Ultimately, best set of probabilistic
design variable is proposed to reduce Maximum bending stress and Deflection under static
loading condition.
Key words: -Hollow Rectangular composite structure, Monte Carlo Simulation.
with different cross-sections. Among their
I. INTRODUCTION studies, Chan and Dermirhan [3] considered
Composite materials have found increasing first a circular cross section thin-walled
use in aerospace and civil engineering composite beam. They developed a new and
construction. One of the common areas of
application is panels and Rectangular simple closed-form method to calculate its
construction where composite materials with bending stiffness. Then, Lin and Chan [4]
complex lay-ups are used. The following continued the work with an elliptical cross
beam properties can be improved when section thin-walled composite beam. Later,
composite materials are used: specific Syed and Chan [5] included hat-sectioned
strength, specific stiffness, weight, and composite beams. And most recently, Rao
fatigue life. The thin-walled beams of open and Chan [6] expanded the work to consider
cross-sections are used extensively in space laminated tapered tubes. Ascione et al. [7]
systems as space erectable booms installed presented a method that formulates a one-
on spacecraft; in aeronautical industry both dimensional kinematical model that is able
as direct load-carrying members and as to study the static behavior of fiber-
stiffener members. In addition, they are used reinforced polymer thin-walled beams. Its
as well in marine and civil engineering, well known that the statics of composite
whereas the I-beams, in the fabrication of beam is strongly influenced by shear
flex beams of bearing less helicopter rotor deformability because of the low values of
[1].Thin- walled beams are integral part of the elastic shear module. Such a feature
an aircraft [2]. That is the reason why many cannot be analyzed byVlasovs theory,
researchers consider it in their studies and which assumes that the shear strains are
published it in scholarly articles. Chan and negligible along the middle line of the cross-
his students focused on thin-walled beams section. Ferrero et al. [8] proposed that the

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INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES
& SPPP's, Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur Organize
National Conference Special Issue March 2016

Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, March, 2016 ISSN (Online): 2454-8499 Impact Factor: 1.3599(GIF),
0.679(IIFS)
stress field in thin-walled composite beams Table 1. Random Input Variable
due to a twisting moment is not correctly Specifications [16, 18, 19]
modeled by classical analytical theories, so Input Hollow rectangular
numerical modeling is essential. Therefore, Parameters composite beam
they developed a method with a simple way Geometry Length = 2540 mm
of determining stress and stiffness in this Wouter = 101.62 mm
type of beams where the constrained Douter = 50.82 mm
twall = 2.0 mm
warping effect can be taken into account.
Material Exx= 146.79 Gpa
They worked with both open and closed
EYY =EZZ = 10.30 GPa
cross sections. Also, to check the validity of GXY = GXZ= 6.20 GPa
the method for beams made of composite GYZ = 4.82 GPa
materials, a beam with thin, composite walls PRXY = PRXZ = 0.28
were studied. Wu et al. [9] presented a PRYZ = 0.5
procedure for analyzing the mechanical tlayer = 0.32 mm
behavior of laminated thin-walled composite top = [0/+452/90]s
box beam under torsional load without bottom= [0/-452/90]s
external restraint. Some analyses have been side = [(0/90)s]2
formulated to analyzed composite box beam Load 1.78 KN
with varying levels of assumptions [10-13].
Therefore, analysis of Rectangular beam
under varying loading condition is key to
improve the design and provide good
agreement in results.
II .SIMULATION
The Monte Carlo Simulation
method is the most common and traditional
method for a probabilistic analysis [14]. This
method simulates how virtual components
behave the way they are built. Present work
uses FEM package ANSYS for analyses of
composite beam of hollow rectangular shape.
All input parameter for base model are given
in table1. Element selected for meshing the Figure 1: Meshed model of SHELL 181
geometry of the specimen is shell elements[16.18]
181.Material properties of epoxy graphite are Meshed model contains 2304 number
entered. Figure 1 shows meshed model of nodes and 2260 number of elements. The
contains 2304 number of nodes and 2286 mesh size is reasonably small to obtain fairly
number of elements. The mesh size is accurate results. Figure 2 shows model with
reasonably small to obtain fairly accurate applied loads and boundary conditions.
results.

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INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES
& SPPP's, Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur Organize
National Conference Special Issue March 2016

Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, March, 2016 ISSN (Online): 2454-8499 Impact Factor: 1.3599(GIF),
0.679(IIFS)
obtained at end of static analysis. Maximum
value of deflection is 507.01 mm. it is
observed in the region at the end of beam.
Base line model selected for displacement
which is selected and validated from results
in literature [14-15].
Table 2. Comparison of Literature and
ANSYS results [16,18]
Displacement (mm)
Hollow Literature Current %
rectangular study Error
box beam 515.00 507.01 1.55

Figure 2: Meshed geometry with boundary III)PROBABILSTIC DESIGN OF


conditions[16,18] OPTIMIZED BOX BEAM
The mesh size is reasonably small to
obtain fairly accurate results. Figure 2 shows Probabilistic design is used to determine the
model with applied loads and boundary effect of following variables on the outcome
conditions, stressed model and deformed of optimized box beam. Present work
shape. Geometry is meshed with element considers:
size 1mm. Mapped type of meshing is used. Geometric parameters: Length, Width,
Meshed model of specimen is shown in Depth
above figure 2 Material parameters: Youngs modulus,
Poission ratio and Shear modulus
Composite properties: Layer thickness
and orientation angles
Load parameters: Tip load
All the parameters are considered as varying
with Gaussian ( or Normal ) distribution (see
Table 3).Using uncertainties as stated above,
probabilistic design is perforemed using
ANSYS to know sensitivity of each
parameter on bending stress and deflection.
PDS within ansys uses Monte Carlo
Simulation approach and analysis was
looped through 1000 samples.
Figure 3: Stresses in Hollow Rectangular Table 3: Parameters used in probabilistic
composite beam design of optimized box beam[16,18,19]
Figure 3 shows Maximum Deflection Parame Parame Distribut Mean Standa
distribution and displacement in composite ter ter ion Type (or rd
hollow rectangular beam. Scatter plot is Type Baseli Deviat

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INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES
& SPPP's, Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur Organize
National Conference Special Issue March 2016

Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, March, 2016 ISSN (Online): 2454-8499 Impact Factor: 1.3599(GIF),
0.679(IIFS)
ne) ion analysis file, one can proceed with the
Width Normal 85.435 4.271 probabilistic design analysis. One can do
mm this though ANSYS commands/manually.
Geomet Depth Normal 50.82 2.231 Finally results have been processed to study
ric mm probabilsitic design of optimized hollowe
Length Normal 2510.4 12.552 circular beam for given set of uncertainties.
mm
Fig. 3 shows variatiation in beam deflection
Materia EXX Normal 1.51E 1.51E+
due to uncertainty before and after
l +05 04
MPa optimization. Before optimization deflection
EYY Normal 11801 1180.1 range was small in the range of 277.11 to
MPa 1055.7 mm whereas after optimization the
EZZ Normal 13128 1312.8 range increased to 367.59 to 1436.7 mm.
MPa Similarly, Fig.4 shows variatiation in
PRXY Normal 0.2414 0.0241 bending stress due to uncertainty efore and
7 47 after optimization. Before optimization
PRXZ Normal 0.3124 0.0312 bending stress range was 566.31 to 1870.7
8 48 MPa whereas after optimization the range is
PRYZ Normal 0.2421 0.0242 751.58 to 2065.6 MPa. The stress as well as
8 18 deflection levels have increased. This
GXY Normal 8186.1 818.61 indicates that optimized beam has more
MPa
probability of failure than original beams.
GXZ Normal 7532.6 753.26
This is due to reduced size of beam.
MPa
GYZ Normal 3544.3 354.43
Although all input parameters varied using
MPa normal distribution function but output
Compo Layer Normal 0.2169 0.0216 parameters dont follow same. It can be seen
site Thickn 8 mm 98 from values of Kurtosis and Skewness.
ess
1 Normal 1.5473 1.5473
Deg
2 Normal 59.173 5.9173
Deg
Load Force Normal - 131.63
1316.3
N

Analysis file for hollow circular beam is


created. The analysis file is created for use
during the probabilistic analysis. It is a
parametric model of the problem containing
geometry, materials, and loads. Within the (a)
analysis file, input variables are initialized
and output variables are retrieved. For more
information see Chapter 4. After creating the

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INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES
& SPPP's, Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur Organize
National Conference Special Issue March 2016

Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, March, 2016 ISSN (Online): 2454-8499 Impact Factor: 1.3599(GIF),
0.679(IIFS)

(b)
Figure 4: Histogram of bending stress (a)
(b) Before optimization (b) After optimization
Figure 3: Histogram of deflection (a) Fig. 5 shows comparative cumulative
Before optimization (b) After Optimization probability distribution funcion for
deflection of beam. It appears that slope of
the probability curve increases after
optimization of beam. Similar observation
is made about bending stress as snhown in
Fig. 6.

(a)

(a)

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INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES
& SPPP's, Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur Organize
National Conference Special Issue March 2016

Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, March, 2016 ISSN (Online): 2454-8499 Impact Factor: 1.3599(GIF),
0.679(IIFS)
Figure 6: Probability for bending stress (a)
Before optimization (b) After optimization
The sensitivity analysis results obtained are
shown in Fig. 7 and 8. The sensitivities are
given as relative values (bar chart) and
relative to each other (pie chart). Before
optimization and after optimizaiton sensitive
parameter remains same. However, relative
(b) sensitivity is more uniform after
Figure 5: Probability for beam deflection optimization for most of the parameters.
(a) Before optimization (b) After
optimization CONCLUSION
Variation in following parameters shown in
table 4 significantly affect deflection of
beams whereas variation remaining
parameters do not have significant effect

Table 4: Significant parameters before and


after optimization for beam
deflection[18,19]
Before Optimization After optimization
D D
F F
Tp Tp
Exx 4
4 Exx
W W
L Gxy
(a) 1 L

On the other hand, variation in following


parameters shown in Table 5 significantly
affect bending stress of beam whereas
variation remaining parameters do not have
significant effect.

Table 5 Significant parameters before and


after optimization for bending stress[18,19]
Before Optimization After optimization
F F
4 Tp
Tp D
(b) D 4

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INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES
& SPPP's, Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur Organize
National Conference Special Issue March 2016

Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, March, 2016 ISSN (Online): 2454-8499 Impact Factor: 1.3599(GIF),
0.679(IIFS)
W W (a)
Exx Exx
2 Gxy

(a) (b)
Figure 8: Sensitivity plot for bending stress
(a) Before optimization (b) After
optimization

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INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES
& SPPP's, Karmayogi Engineering College, Pandharpur Organize
National Conference Special Issue March 2016

Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, March, 2016 ISSN (Online): 2454-8499 Impact Factor: 1.3599(GIF),
0.679(IIFS)
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