Air Conditioning Section Details Scope and Standards

QCS 2014 Section 22: Air Conditioning, Refrigeration and Ventilation Page 1
Par 01: General
1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................... 2
1.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 2
1.1.1 Scope 2
1.1.2 References 2
1.1.3 Standard of Work 2
1.1.4 Data to be Supplied with Tender 3
1.1.5 Practical Completion Certificate 4
1.1.6 Air Conditioning Subcontractor 4
1.1.7 Design Data 4
1.1.8 Rating for Continuous Service and Local Ambient Condition 6
1.1.9 Quality of Materials and Equipment 6
1.1.10 Cleaning 7
1.1.11 Accessibility 7
1.1.12 Cutting and Patching 7
1.1.13 Inserts, Sleeves, Escutcheons and Curbs. 7
TC
1.1.14 Access Panels and Doors 9

1.1.15 Flashing 10
AM
1.1.16 General Welding Requirements 10

1.1.17 Testing for Welder Qualification 11
1.1.18 Testing of Welded Pipework Installation 12
1.1.19 Painting, Tags, Name Plate Identification and Colour Coding 13
1.1.20 Contract Drawings 15
1.1.21 Construction Drawings 16
1.1.22 Shop Drawings 16
1.1.23 Record Drawings 18
1.1.24 Storage of Materials and Equipment 18
1.1.25 Inspection of Material Prior to Installation 18
1.1.26 Inspection, Testing and Adjusting 18
1.1.27 Testing 21
1.1.28 Instructions for Operation and Routine Maintenance 21
1.1.29 Maintenance 22
1.1.30 Warranty 22
Par 01: General
1 GENERAL
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.1.1 Scope
1 This Part details the requirements for air conditioning, refrigeration and ventilation systems. It
shall apply to all mechanical and electrical systems and equipment.
2 Related Sections are as follows:

Section 1 General
Section 5 Concrete
Section 10 Instrumentation, Control and Automation
Section 16 Structural Metal Work
Section 17 Metal Work
Section 21 Electrical Installations
1.1.2 References
1 The following standards are referred to in this Part:

ASHRAE.....................Standard 52.1 - 1992 Gravimetonic and Dust spot Procedures for
TC
testing air cleaning devices

AM
BS 1710 ......................Identification of building services pipework

BS 1724 ......................Bronze welding by gas
BS 2600 ......................Radiographic examination of fusion welded butt joints in steel
BS 2640 ......................Class II oxyacetylene welding of carbon steel pipework for carrying
fluids
BS 2910 ......................Radiographic examination of fusion welded circumferential butt joints
in steel pipes
BS 2971 ......................Class II arc welding of carbon steel pipework for carrying fluids
BS 4515 ..........................Process of welding steel pipelines on land and off-shore
1.1.3 Standard of Work
1 The Contractor shall install equipment, air conditioning ducts, conduit and piping in a
workmanlike manner to present a neat appearance and to function properly to the
satisfaction of the Engineer. Air conditioning ducts and pipes shall be installed parallel and
perpendicular to the building planes. All piping and ductwork shall be concealed in chases,
behind furring, or above ceiling, except in unfinished areas. All exposed systems shall be
installed neatly and be grouped to present a neat appearance.
2 All gauges, thermometers, etc., shall be installed in such a way as to facilitate easy
observance.
3 All equipment and apparatus, which requires maintenance, adjustment or eventual

replacement, shall be installed making due allowance for access.
Par 01: General
4 Control sensors shall be installed to guarantee proper sensing. Elements shall be shielded
from direct radiation and shall avoid being placed behind obstructions.
5 All panels and boards, etc., shall be installed to remit easy operation.
6 The Contractor shall include in the work all the requirements of the manufacturers as shown
on their drawings.
7 The Contractor shall replace all work not performed to the satisfaction of the Engineer
without extra cost and to the standard required by the Engineer. This applies to any item that
is found to be defective in service during the maintenance period, or extended maintenance
period as appropriate.
8 Where height dimensions are given, the installation shall be reasonably expected to be within
13 mm of actual position.
9 Items displaying a horizontal dimension or edge must be plumbed with a level and must be to
the Engineers satisfaction. Any apparent discrepancy between level electrical and
mechanical items and adjacent items MUST be reported immediately to the Engineer.
10 All work shall be co-ordinated with other works so as not to obstruct equipment and
apparatus which requires maintenance, adjustment or eventual replacement.
11 Manufacturers and subcontractors shall operate an ISO 9000 approved quality system or
TC
equivalent in house system. If requested, details of the quality system shall be submitted to
the engineer.
AM
12 Equipment shall conform to the requirements of the Project Documentation and reference
standards.
13 All equipment furnished shall be new, and where feasible shall be a standard product of an
experienced or approved manufacturer, and assembled from standard components readily
available.
1.1.4 Data to be Supplied with Tender
1 Initial technical submissions are to accompany the bid including full technical details of every
item of equipment proposed for the Project, with the appropriate figures and details
highlighted in marker pen or similar in standard manufacturers catalogues.
2 After final checking of sizing after award of contract, re-submission shall be made with any
changes specifically noted.
3 Technical submissions shall be submitted for all equipment as specified in the Project
Documentation.
4 In the even that the Engineer requires further information on any of the proposed items the
Contractor shall arrange visits to similar units that he has installed. In an event, all equipment
proposed for the Project shall be currently installed and working satisfactorily locally. The
Contractor must be able to provide references of at least three satisfied Owners and
Engineer with equipment of the particular size and model proposed.
Par 01: General
1.1.5 Practical Completion Certificate
1 A Practical Completion Certificate for works included in this Section shall only be issued
when the Engineer is satisfied that all the requirements of this Section have been met.
1.1.6 Air Conditioning Subcontractor
1 The air conditioning services subcontractor shall be responsible for co-ordination with other
trades and services and shall provide all materials, labour and supervision, equipment, tools,
appliances, services, etc. for the supply and installation of the following items or work:
(a) air conditioning and ventilation plant and equipment.

(b) insulated ductwork complete with air terminals, dampers, supports, etc.
(c) chilled water pipework complete with valves, fittings supports, etc.
(d) controls and control panels
(e) motor control centres and starter panels complete with cabling from the panels to the
respective equipment. Power supply up to the panel shall be the responsibility of the
electrical subcontractor
(f) insulated drain piping from each air handling unit fan coil unit to the nearest drain
point. The drainage subcontractor shall be responsible for provision of a floor drain in
each mechanical room location to be co-ordinated with air handling units (AHU).
TC
2 The contractor shall also include all overheads at office and site, labour, sundries, plant,
appliances and consumable both for the Works and for testing and commissioning, and
AM
during the maintenance period.
3 The air conditioning subcontractor shall be approved so as to meet all QGEWC regulations.
1.1.7 Design Data
1 Design parameters. Design, in general, shall be based on ASHRAE recommendation in

addition to the following particular requirements:
2 Design Conditions
o o
(a) external (Summer) : 46 C Dry Bulb, 30 C Wet Bulb
23 1 C Dry Bulb, 50 5 % RH
o
(b) Internal :
3 Fresh air supply. One air change - minimum quantity as indicated on drawings.
Par 01: General
4 Noise levels
In general, the following noise ratings shall not be exceeded for central A/C plants:
DbA NCLevel
General Office 40-45 35-40
Private Office 35 30
Meeting Rooms 35 30
Corridor 45 40
Library 35 30
Cafeteria 50 45
Auditorium 35 30
Mosque 35-40 30-35

TC
Class Room 40 35
Manned Control rooms 40-45 35-40

AM
5 Solar load. Solar loads shall be based on maximum instantaneous values in appropriate
direction for consideration of the worst exposure calculations. They shall also be based on
the worst cumulative block load when checked on any hourly basis from 10 AM to 6 PM over
the period May to October, coincident with the maximum outside ambient as listed above.
Values as listed in ASHRAE or CARRIER SYSTEM MANUAL for 20 north will be
acceptable.
6 Air Filtration
Based on ASHRAE 52.1 - 1992
Primary filters (flat panel) : 95 % Gravimetric
Secondary filters (bag) : 60 % Opacimetric
7 Chilled water to cooling coils
o
Chilled water inlet temperature : 7 C
o
Chilled water outlet temperature : 12 C
Maximum velocity of water through pipework : 2.43 m/s
Pipes to be sized for full flow rate of all cooling
coils Maximum coil face velocity : 2.5 m/s
8 Air Distribution
Duct Velocity, supply : 5 m/s
Duct Velocity, return : 4 m/s
Duct Velocity, Kitchen exhaust : 10 m/s
Higher velocities are permissible in the ducts located in the shafts
Par 01: General
9 Fire Philosophy. Smoke detectors shall be positioned in return air ductwork of Air Handling
Units (AHU). A fire condition sensed by the smoke detectors shall shut off the relevant AHU
through the fire annunciation panel. Smoke detectors installed within rooms shall be
interlocked with the fan coil unit serving the respective room such that the fan coil unit will be
shut off in a fire situation through the fire annunciation panel. Fire dampers shall be
positioned in all ductwork crossing firewalls. Fire dampers shall be included in return and
extract ductwork at each fire zone crossing. They shall be triggered from a fusible link
connection sited in the damper.
Note: The above data that is mentioned in items 7 & 8 could vary subject to project
specification.
1.1.8 Rating for Continuous Service and Local Ambient Condition
1 The design of the Plant shall be in accordance with the latest good engineering practice. All
parts shall be of ample strength to withstand without failure or injury the maximum
mechanical and electrical stresses to which they may be subjected in the course of operation
of the plant.
2 The Works shall be designed to facilitate inspection, cleaning, and ease of maintenance and
operation in which continuity of service and reliability is the primary consideration. The design
shall incorporate every reasonable precaution and provision for the safety of all concerned in
the operation and maintenance of the plant.
3 All plant and equipment shall be suitable for operation under the prevailing ambient
TC
conditions at site and all special requirements for thermal insulation, finish, painting and
lubrication etc. shall be incorporated.
AM
4 Except where otherwise stated, all equipment shall be constructed and sealed as to prevent
damage by the ingress of wind blown sand and other matter. All equipment shall be suitable
for operation over the ambient temperature range 0 C to 55 C.
5 Except where otherwise stated in the Project Documentation, the declared ratings for all
equipment shall be for continuous operation in final service position for the following
environmental criteria.
(a) maximum daily average ambient temperature of 50 C

(b) relative humidity of 80 %
(c) altitude 20 m above sea level.
These criteria shall be achieved independently of any forced means of mechanical ventilation
or air conditioning plant.
1.1.9 Quality of Materials and Equipment
1 All materials used on the Project shall be brand new and of high quality. Obtain approval of
all manufacturers from the Engineer and Owner.
2 New is defined as newly manufactured, state of the art, tested and proven item of equipment.
Items that have been held in stock for any extended period of time by either the manufacturer
or the supplier will be rejected.
Par 01: General
1.1.10 Cleaning
1 Each day as the work proceeds, and on completion, the Contractor shall clean up and
remove from the premises all rubbish, surplus material, equipment, machinery, tools,
scaffolds, and other items used in the performance of the work. The Contractor shall clean
out dirt and debris and leave the buildings broom clean with no stains and in a condition
acceptable to the Engineer.
2 Where electrical items form part of the visible finish in the rooms, the Contractor shall protect
them from over-painting, etc. and shall give all items a final cleaning before handing over.
1.1.11 Accessibility
1 Each item of equipment shall be located so as to be accessible for maintenance or repair

without removing adjacent structures, equipment, piping, ducts, or other ducts, or other
materials. For large air handling units the Contractor shall ensure that these can be
assembled on site from components taken into the area.
2 Clean outs shall be located to permit rodding of all drain lines. These shall be located
wherever possible external to occupied areas, and to minimise spillage problems during
rodding.
1.1.12 Cutting and Patching

TC
1 The Contractor shall Inform all other Divisions in time concerning required openings. Obtain
the approval of the Engineer before doing any cutting.
AM
2 In existing work and in work already finished as part of this contract, all cutting and patching
will be carried out at the expense of this Contractor. Where finishing work is involved, this will
only be reinstated by the Contractor responsible for the original work. The Contractor shall
obtain the approval of the Engineer before doing any cutting. Supporting members of any
floor, wall or the building structure shall only be cut and in such a manner as approved by the
Engineer. All reinstatement work must be done to the same standard as the original work.
1.1.13 Inserts, Sleeves, Escutcheons and Curbs.
1 The Contractor shall use only factory made, threaded or toggle type inserts as required for
supports and anchors, properly sized for the load to be carried. The inserts shall be place
only in portions of the main structure and not in any finishing material.
2 The Contractor shall use factory made expansion shields where inserts cannot be placed, but
only where approved by the Engineer and for light weights.
3 The Contractor shall not use powder activated tools except with the written permission of the
Engineer.
4 The Contractor shall supply and locate all inserts, holes anchor bolts, and sleeves in good
time when walls, floors, and roof are erected.
5 The Contractor shall ensure that insulation is unbroken where pipe or duct is insulated. Size
sleeves shall be sized to provide adequate clearance all around.
Par 01: General
6 The following materials shall be used for pipe sleeves:
(a) through all interior walls above grade, standard weight galvanized steel pipes,
machine cut, flush with finished structure. The Contractor shall check the room
finishes schedules.
(b) through all exterior walls above grade, standard weight galvanized steel pipes
machine cut, flush with finished structure inside and to suit flashing on outside
(c) through al exterior walls below grade and all other waterproof wall use extra heavy
weight cast iron sleeves, machine cut. Refer to Section 14, Roofing, for further
details.
(d) through all waterproof floors, janitors closets, mechanical rooms kitchens, roofs, use
extra heavy weight cast iron sleeves, machine cut. As an alternative, copper DWV
2
sleeves up to and including 150 mm sleeve size and rolled 10 kg/m copper sleeves
for larger than 150 mm may be used. The sleeves shall be extended 100 mm above
finished floor level upwards and cut flush with underside of floor. The Contractor shall
make particular reference to flashing details through waterproof floors
(e) approved type plastic sleeves may be used as an alternative for standard weight
galvanized sleeves in interior areas if approved in writing by the Engineer
(f) the Contractor shall provide 100 mm high, 100 mm wide watertight concrete curbs with
20 mm chamfered edges around all pipes passing though waterproof floors except
where furred in. Concrete works shall be done in accordance with Section 5,
TC
Concrete.
7 The Contractor shall pack all sleeves between the insulated pipe and the sleeve or where
AM
uninsulated between the pipe and the sleeve with polyurethane insulation. Seal the annular
space as follows:
(a) for all horizontal sleeves in exposed areas, the Contractor shall use a seal equal or
better fire rated than the wall to be sealed
(b) for horizontal concealed sleeves through fire walls and through walls separating areas
of different air pressure, use a permanently resilient silicone based sealing compound.
(c) for all vertical sleeves through roofs, janitors closets, equipment rooms, use
permanently resilient silicone based sealing compound, non-inflammable and
waterproof.
8 The Contractor shall ensure that the seal is compatible with the floor and ceiling finishes. The
room finishing schedules shall be checked for further details and clarified if necessary with
the Engineer.
Par 01: General
9 The following sleeving shall be used for ducts: The minimum thickness of duct material
passing through a sleeve shall be 1.3 mm. For rectangular duct openings through walls and
floors a removable hardwood box-out shall be provided of the required size, soft wood or
plywood will not be acceptable. Through fire walls, build fire dampers into wall, or make
detailed fixing in accordance with Engineers instruction. Through floors where ducts are not
furred in or enclosed in a duct shaft, provide 100 mm high and 100 mm wide watertight
concrete curbs, with 25 mm chamfered edges all around. Extend sleeves where used flush to
top of curb. Concrete works shall be done in accordance with Section 5, Concrete. Through
floors where duct is enclosed in a duct shaft or furred in, provide the watertight curbs at the
extreme top and bottom only. Cover exposed floor and wall pipe sleeves in finished areas
with satin finish chrome or nickel plated solid brass or with satin finished stainless steel
escutcheons with non-ferrous set screws. Split cast plates of the screw locking type may not
be used. Do not use stamped steel friction type split plates. Through roofs, provide curbs and
sleeves as shown on drawings and to suit flashing requirements.
10 After ducts are installed, the openings shall be packed and sealed as follows:-
(a) fibreglass insulation for packing except through curbed concrete floors where a fibre
proof packing must be used
(b) fibre proof packing shall be sealed in openings through floors with permanently
resilient silicone base non inflammable waterproof compound; duct supports shall be
pressed firmly down into caulking before bolting it down to curb
(c) through all vertical walls, seal the fibreglass packing using permanently resilient
TC
silicone based sealant.
11 Duct sleeves and box-outs shall be braced to retain their position and shape during the
AM
pouring of concrete and other work.
12 Bracing for each duct at ever passage through structure shall be provided to prevent sagging.
13 Exposed duct sleeves and openings shall be covered in exposed areas. 100 mm long
galvanized steel escutcheons shall be used in the form of a duct collar. Over curbs, the collar
shall be extended 30 mm down the side of the curb, similar to counter flashing. The collar
shall be fixed in place with Cadmium plated screws.
1.1.14 Access Panels and Doors
1 The Contractor shall install all concealed mechanical equipment requiring adjustment or
maintenance in locations easily accessible through access panels or doors. Install systems
and components to result in a minimum number of access panels. Indicate access panels on
as-built drawings.
2 The Contractor shall prepare drawings showing the location and type of all access doors in
co-ordination with other trades before proceeding with installation and hand these to the
Engineer to obtain approval. On smaller Projects, the Contractor shall indicate on the ceiling
plans access required at the discretion of the engineer.
3 All access doors shall be sized to provide adequate access commensurate with the type of
structure and architectural finish. Should it be necessary for persons to enter, a minimum
opening of 600 x 450 mm shall be provided.
4 Proper fire rating of access doors shall be ensured in fire separations.

Par 01: General
5 Lay-in type ceiling tiles, if properly marked may serve as access panels.
6 The Contractor shall provide panels in glazed tile walls of 2.6 mm thick 304 alloy stainless
steel, with no. 4 finish, with the recessed frame secured with stainless steel, countersunk,
flush-headed screws.
7 Panels in plaster surfaces shall be provided with dish shaped door and welded metal lath,
ready to take plaster. A plastic grommet shall be provided for door key access.
8 Details of other types of access doors shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.
1.1.15 Flashing
1 The Contractor shall provide flashing to all mechanical and electrical parts passing through or
built into a roof, outside wall, or waterproof floor.
2
2 49 kg/m sheet lead flashing shall be provided for cast iron sleeves passing through roof.
Factory manufactured flange plates shall be provided to flash PVC-U pipes passing through
roofs.
2
3 7 kg/m copper flashing shall be provided for copper sleeves passing through roof where
copper sleeves are used for copper pipework
4 All flashing shall suit the roof angle and shall extend a minimum of 400 mm on all sides. The
TC
Contractor shall build the flashing into the roofing system to render a completely watertight
connection.
AM
5 Counter flashing shall be provided on all stacks, ducts, and pipes passing through roofs to fit
over the flashing or curb.
6 Pipes through waterproof floors shall be flashed as per approved details.
7 Provide pipes and sleeves passing through outside walls with lead or copper flashings and as
directed by the Engineer. All visual aspects of such sleeves to be approved by the Engineer.
All sleeves shall be installed according to the relevant standard and shall be suitable for local
ambient conditions.
8 The Contractor shall pay special attention to the waterproof conditions of basements and
walls and floors that may exist. The Contractor shall ensure co-ordination at all times with the
waterproofing trade to prevent damage to any water proofing seal. The Contractor shall
provide piping sleeves passing through waterproof walls which shall be sealed to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.
1.1.16 General Welding Requirements
1 All welding shall be generally in accordance with BS 4515. This will be modified where
appropriate for other materials and may be relaxed or varied by order of the Engineer,
provided that the Contractor has made a comprehensive request for an alternate.
2 Tack welds shall be performed by fully qualified welders and all tack welds shall be of a
length equal to twice the pipe thickness and shall fully penetrate the pipe walls.
Par 01: General
3 Where welding is carried out in the proximity of inflammable materials special precautions
shall be taken to prevent risk of fire or other damage to the building fabric.
4 Where oxyacetylene cutting equipment or any welding plant is being used by an operative for
any of part of the Works, then fire extinguishers shall be supplied and carried as part of the
equipment. The operators of cutting and welding equipment shall be trained in the use of the
fire extinguishers which they carry and all extinguishers shall be fully charged and ready for
use. In all cases, extinguishers shall be positioned immediately adjacent to the position
where cutting and welding is being carried out and shall be readily accessible for use in the
event of an emergency.
5 All accommodation, benches, tools, welding plant, acetylene, oxygen or electricity, filler rods
and electrodes, which are necessary for installations where welding is required, shall be
provided as part of this Contract.
6 All welded pipe assemblies shall be constructed so that individual welded joints do not affect
each other. The distance between the centres of adjacent welds shall be not less than twice
the bore diameter of the pipe.
7 No welded joints shall be left partially completed. Any joints tacked in position must be
promptly finished within the working day. The Engineer will reject all work not done in
accordance with this instruction.
8 Where work is rejected, pipes must be machine cut at least 150 mm either side of rejected
TC
welds and proper weld preparation must be used on the shortened sector. Where shorter fill-
in sections are required because of such rejection and re-working, then new full sized lengths
AM
must be supplied by the Contractor.
9 Where pipes with longitudinal seams are specified, pipes seams shall be arranged such that
adjacent seams are opposed 45 from each side of top dead centre and branches shall be
made only with weldable fittings.
10 All filler metals that are coated shall be protected from excessive moisture changes. Filler
materials or fluxes that show any sign of deterioration shall not be used. If instructed by the
Engineer, samples of filler rods to be used shall be submitted for approval before any work is
done on site. These may be submitted, at the Contractors cost, to an independent testing
laboratory for verification.
1.1.17 Testing for Welder Qualification
1 The purpose of the welders qualification tests is to determine the ability of the welders to
make sound and acceptable welds. Before any site welding on the contract is allowed, each
proposed welder shall carry out the tests required in the presence of the Engineer.
2 A responsible person shall keep any weld test specimens that have been suitably marked
and approved on site, so that they can be produced at any time, at the request of the
Engineer.
3 All accommodation, benches, tools, welding plant, acetylene, oxygen, electricity, test pieces,
filler rods, electrodes, facilities for cutting and grinding, polishing, bending and examining,
which are necessary for welders qualification tests shall be provided by the Contractor. In the
absence of any items for inspecting the welds, the Engineer may submit the finished samples
to an independent laboratory for testing at the Contractors expense.
Par 01: General
4 Under no circumstances shall a welder be employed on the Works, either on or off the site,
for welding operations other than those for which that welder is qualified.
5 Copies and records of all test reports shall be promptly given to and kept by the Engineer.
6 For tests for Qualification on Steel Pipes, each test shall be carried out in accordance with
the test procedures laid down in BS 2640 and BS 2971. The test position shall be similar to
the working conditions expected to be encountered and test pieces shall not be rotated to suit
any individual welding procedures. Each test sample shall be subjected to the following
examinations and test.
(a) Pipes up to 100 mm diameter shall undergo visual examination and normal tongue
bend test and X-ray test
(b) Pipes over 100 mm diameter shall undergo visual examination and 2 normal tongue
bend tests and two reverse bend tests and X-ray tests.
7 The Engineer may at his discretion require macro-etch examination in the event of any doubt.
For a successful test, the weld shall conform in all respect to the requirements of the relevant
British Standard. Each welder who qualifies shall be issued with a metal punch with an
identifying number and shall stamp adjacent to each weld. If any test sample does not reach
the required standard, two further welds shall be made and tested as detailed. Both of the re-
tests shall be successful for the welder to qualify for the work.
8 For testing for Qualification on Copper Pipes, each test shall be carried out in accordance
TC
with the test procedures laid down in BS 1724. The test position shall be similar to the
working conditions expected to be encountered and test pieces shall not be rotated to suit
AM
any individual welding procedure. Each test sample shall be subjected to the following tests
and examinations.
(a) visual
(b) flattening test
(c) micro examination
For a successful test, the weld shall conform in all respects to the requirements laid down in
BS 4515. Other conditions are similar to the above for steel pipes.
1.1.18 Testing of Welded Pipework Installation
1 Testing of welded pipework installations shall be by either destructive or non destructive test
methods as detailed in the following schedules.
2 All services 75 mm and below shall have two joints per floor for destructive testing. All
services above 75 mm shall have two joints per floors for non-destructive testing. If a weld
fails the testing requirements, then two additional welds made by the same operative shall be
tested, at no additional cost. If both additional welds are successful, then in the case of
destructive testing, the cost of making good shall be at no additional cost. If either of the two
additional welds fail the test requirements, then further tests on other or all of the welds made
by that operative shall be carried out, at the Engineers discretion. All costs resulting from
either of the two additional welds failing the test requirements shall be at no cost to the
Contract. If either of the two additional welds fail, then the operative concerned shall not
make any further welds on any service unless approved by the Engineer.
Par 01: General
3 The detailed requirements concerning testing shall be as follows:
(a) destructive testing. Destructive testing and examination shall be exactly as detailed
under Tests for Welder Qualification
(b) non-destructive testing shall consist of radiographic inspection to comply with BS
2600 and BS 2910. Non-destructive testing shall be carried out by a specialist
company approved by the Engineer
(c) the specialist company shall provide a report on the radiographic tests which have
been made, including an interpretative results section. The report and films shall be
handed to the Engineer
(d) the material of the image quality indicator shall be radiographically similar to that of
the filler metal under examination
(e) the use of x-ray and gamma radiation sources shall be in strict accordance with the
requirements of the Ionising Radiation (Sealed Sources) Regulations.
(f) the required radiographic sensitivity shall not be more than two, and the required
image details shall be readily seen on each radiograph
(g) radiographs which do not comply with this requirement, whatever the cause, shall be
unacceptable and the weld in question shall be re-examined at no cost to the
Contract. All interested parties shall be advised well in advance where and when
radiographic tests are to be conducted, in order that appropriate precautions may be
taken
TC
(h) macro-examinations. When the Engineer requires macro examinations, these shall
be carried out by a specialist company who shall present etched section photographs
AM
and a report on the tests to the Engineer. All costs for these tests are to be borne by
the Contractor.
1.1.19 Painting, Tags, Name Plate Identification and Colour Coding
1 All painting of plant, equipment, storage vessels, and the like, and all surfaces to be painted
in the areas where such items are installed, including generator areas, condenser areas, etc.
shall be carried out by an approved specialist painting contractor.
2 Painting shall be applied to all pipework and associated pipework components, valves,
fittings, etc. equipment, supports of any kind, insulation, plain mild steel, copper, or cast iron
surfaces. Where movement is required between adjacent surfaces, the Contractor shall
request clarification from the Engineer.
3 The following items do not require site painting:
(a) Insulation having any of the following finishes:

(i) aluminium foil
(ii) metalwork
(iii) polyisobutylene sheeting/bitumen coating
(iv) vinyl-glass/resin-aluminium foil laminate
Par 01: General
(b) equipment or plant or supports or frames delivered to site with any of the following
finishes:
(i) painted finish, other than printed only, provided that the finish is not damaged
in any way
(ii) stainless steel or plastic coated steel
(iii) stoved enamel.
4 All surfaces to be painted shall be prepared by thoroughly cleaning and removing all rust,
grease, oil, dirt and surface corrosion, using wire brush, emery paper and/or degreasing
medium as required. The paint shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturers
instructions and the type of paint to be used shall be in accordance with the following:-
(a) ferrous surface, one coat of zinc chromate primer plus wash primer as necessary,
followed by 2 undercoats, and one finishing coat.
(b) (non-ferrous surface, one coat of zinc chromate primer plus wash primers as
necessary, followed by 2 undercoats, and one finishing coat.
Approved manufacturers shall supply all paint.
5 For factory applied finishes, repainting or refinishing of any surfaces damaged during
shipping, erection or construction shall be done using only factory supplied materials.
6 After finished painting is completed, each piped and ducted service shall be identified, and
TC
identification and flow arrows located.
(a) behind each access door

AM
(b) at each change of direction on all joining pipes and ducts

(c) at not more than 10 m in straight runs of exposed pipes and ducts, but on both sides
of sleeves
(d) at not more than 10 m apart in straight runs of pipes and ducts behind removal
enclosures such as lay-in ceiling but on both sides of sleeves
(e) above each floor or platform for vertical exposed pipes, preferably 1.5 m above
floor or platform level.
7 PVC tape identifying bands will not be accepted.
8 Stencils and stencil paint shall be used on all piping and ductwork. letters a minimum of 30
mm high shall be Used. After completion of the Works, the Contractor shall provide to the
Engineer usable stencils for each service.
Par 01: General
9 Wherever insulation is to be painted, the paint used shall comply with all the fire resistance
requirements for insulation finish, and shall be carried out by the insulation subcontractor. In
all cases, the actual grade of paint to be used shall be suitable for the operating surface
temperature and shall be approved by the maker for the application concerned. In certain
cases, the grade of finishing coat may not require the application of undercoats in which case
these may be omitted, provided that the Engineers approval in writing is obtained
beforehand. All insulated or un-insulated pipework in concealed positions shall be identified
by means of 75 mm wide identification bands, painted neatly on and at right angles to the
pipe axis at intervals not greater than 3 m. In addition to the name of the service and pipe
diameter shall be stencilled on in a visible position with an arrow indicating the direction of
flow. Flow and returns shall have the letter F or R added to the identifying name. The
identifying band colours and the finishing colour of the services to be painted shall be in
accordance with the colours and procedures given in BS 1710. Ductwork shall be identified in
accordance with the procedures laid down in HVAC Code of Practice No. DW 144.
10 All equipment located in concealed positions shall have a nameplates secured to the item
giving the following information.
Equipment reference number (as indicated on the record drawings).
System
Room/Area served
Duty/output information
11 The name plate shall be 100 x 100 mm approximately, of white plastic 3 mm thick with the
TC
above information engraved in black lettering and the plate shall be secured by screws, bolts,
clips, etc. as appropriate to the item concerned. This plate is in addition to any name plate
supplied by the manufacturer of the item giving detailed specification information for the
AM
equipment.
1.1.20 Contract Drawings
1 The drawings included in the Project Documentation are diagrammatic, and intended to
convey the scope of work and indicate general arrangement and approximate locations of
apparatus, fixtures, pipe and duct runs, etc. The drawings are not intended to indicate
Architectural or Structural details, nor do they show any fabrication or installation details.
2 Do not scale drawings. Obtain accurate dimensions to structure and architectural items from
drawings of those trades. Confirm by site measurement. The Contractor shall verify the
location and elevation of all services (water, electrical, telephone, sanitary, storm drainage,
gas, etc.) before proceeding with the work.
3 The Contractor shall install all ceiling mounted components (diffusers, grilles, detectors, light
fixtures, emergency lights, fire detectors, loudspeakers, camera points, etc.) in accordance
with the reflected ceiling drawings which are to be prepared by the Contractor and co-
ordinated with all trades. These must be submitted for approval and be approved before any
work commences on site.
4 Sufficient space shall be left clear to install all work to accommodate future materials and/or
equipment as indicated and/or supplied by another trade. All pipe runs, conduit runs, cable
trays etc. shall be installed to maintain maximum headroom and clearances, and to conserve
space in shafts and ceiling spaces and under floors, and to provide adequate space for
service and maintenance.
Par 01: General
5 The exact location of outlets and fixtures shall be confirmed on the site, also the locations of
outlets and fixtures provided by any other trade shall be confirmed.
1.1.21 Construction Drawings
1 The Contractor shall prepare drawings in conjunction with all trades concerned in the Works,
showing sleeves and openings for all passages through the structure and all insert sizes and
locations.
2 Composite construction drawings shall be prepared of piping and equipment in tunnels,

shafts, mechanical equipment rooms and areas, and all other critical locations to avoid a
conflict of trades that are fully dimensioned. The equipment drawings shall be based upon
shop drawings and include but not necessarily limited to, all details pertaining to access,
clean outs, tappings, sleeves, electrical connections, drains, location and elevation of pipes,
ducts, conduits, etc. obtained from consultation with, and agreement of, all trades involved.
3 The Contractor shall prepare drawings of equipment bases, pump pits, anchors, inertia slabs,
floor and roof curbs, wall openings, trenches, pertaining to mechanical work.
4 All drawings shall be prepared to scale and dimension. These shall be forwarded, after
approval by the trades concerned to the Engineer for his records. Transparencies and printed
copies shall be provide in the number specified in the Project Documentation, but in any case
not less than four sets.
TC
5 The Contractor shall bind one complete set of construction drawings showing as built
conditions in each operating and maintenance instruction manual. The extent of these
AM
drawings will be indicated to the Contractor in advance by the Engineer.
1.1.22 Shop Drawings
1 The Contractor shall submit shop drawings and samples for materials and equipment as
listed in this and in each subsequent section. Transparencies shall be provided wherever
possible as well as printed copies in the number specified in the Project Documentation. The
Engineer may retain the sample of each item at his discretion until the completion of the
Works.
2 The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer a schedule of shop drawings after award of the
Contract, in accordance with programme detailed in the Project Documentation. The
schedule shall indicate the anticipated date when the drawings will be submitted for review.
The Contractor shall be fully responsible for the timely submission of all drawings. An
allowance of three weeks shall be made for the Engineers review period. At time of
submission, the Contractor shall indicate any other constraints and associated cost
implications resulting from the programme, etc. otherwise the Engineer will advise the Owner
that cost and completion date will be unaffected.
3 The Engineer will only consider shop drawing bearing the stamp of the Contractor and all
Subcontractors involved. The Contractor shall check the drawings for all pertinent information
such as physical dimensions, make, performance, electrical characteristics, and shall use
reference symbols or enumeration to correspond to the design drawings.
Par 01: General
4 The Contractor shall assume responsibility for the accuracy of equipment dimensions related
to space available, accessibility for maintenance and service and compliance with inspection
authority codes. Shop Drawings shall indicate the shipping and working weights of all
equipment.
5 The submission of samples will be subject to the same procedure as those of shop drawings.
The materials for which samples are to be submitted shall include, but may not be limited to
conduits and accessories, wiring accessories, distribution boards, cables and wires, fire
alarm accessories, speakers, light fittings, sanitary fixtures and fittings, valves, Instruments,
thermostats, Insulation and grilles and diffusers. One set of such samples shall be required
to be brought to site and kept there after approval until substantial completion.
6 The Engineer shall mark the drawings re-submit specified item, rejected, no exception
taken, or make correction noted. In the last case, all revisions will be clearly marked on the
returned print and corrected prints may be issued for manufacture and construction. The
Contractor shall make the revisions shown on the make corrections as noted prints onto the
drawings as soon as practicable and forward copies to the Engineer for his records. This
must be done within one month. Failure to re-submit in this time will cause the drawings to be
treated as revise and re-submit and the contractor will be responsible for any delays so
caused.
7 The Engineer is not responsible for any delays caused by the inadequacy of the Contractors
drawings or his failure to obtain initial or subsequent approval. Any time taken by the
TC
Contractor to obtain approval after the originally scheduled date will be considered as a delay
to the contract caused by the Contractor.
AM
8 When drawings are marked re-submit specified item, the Contractor is to re-submit the item
as originally specified or as may be determined to be equivalent by the Engineer. The
Engineer is the sole arbiter of whether any item is satisfactory or equivalent.
9 When drawings are marked rejected a complete re-submission of the particular drawing is
necessary, subject to the same conditions as outlined above.
10 The Engineers review shall not relieve the Contractor from responsibility for deviations from
the Project Documentation, unless he has, in writing, called the Engineers attention to such
deviations at the time of submission of drawings. The Engineers review shall be construed to
apply to, and only to, general arrangements and shall not relieve the Contractor from the
entire responsibility. Any approval by the Engineer shall be on the understanding that any
item submitted shall be ordered with options and modifications to fully meet the requirements
of the Project Documentation. Any fabrication, erection, setting out or other work done in
advance of receipt of stamped drawings shall be done entirely at the Contractors risk and
cost.
11 The Contractor shall furnish prints of the reviewed details to all other parties who may require
them for proper co-ordination of their work, and furnish all information necessary for the work
as a whole.
12 The Contractor shall obtain manufacturers installation directions to aid in the proper
execution of the work. Two copies of such directions shall be submitted to the Engineer prior
to installation, for use in inspecting the work.
13 One complete set of checked shop drawings shall be bound into each operating and
maintenance manual.
Par 01: General
1.1.23 Record Drawings
1 As the job progresses, the Contractor shall mark on one set of prints to accurately indicate
the status of installed work. The white prints shall be available for inspection at the site at all
times, and be presented for scrutiny at all progress meetings. All information shall be
transferred onto the set of transparencies. One set of transparencies and five sets of white
prints shall be submitted to the Engineer for onward transmission to the Owner.
2 The record drawings shall show the installed inverts of all services entering and leaving the
building and the property. Underground services shall be dimensioned at key points of every
run in relation to the structure and building. Record all elevations for underground services
shall be recorded in relation to floor level of the building and give reference datums to
Municipality benchmarks.
3 The exact locations of all services left for future work shall be indicated. All embedded work
shall be shown and dimensioned in the structure.
1.1.24 Storage of Materials and Equipment
1 The Contractor shall protect all mechanical and electrical works from damage and shall keep
all equipment dry and clean at all times.
2 All openings in equipment and materials shall be covered. all temporary openings in ducts
and pipes with polyethylene sheets or caps shall be covered until the final connection is
TC
made. The quality of such cover must be determined with due regard to how long it may be
until final connection.
AM
3 The Contractor shall be responsible for and make good any damages caused directly or
indirectly to any walls, floors, ceilings, woodwork, brickwork, finishes, services, roads,
gardens etc.
1.1.25 Inspection of Material Prior to Installation
1 The following shall be inspected prior to Installation:
(a) pumps and fans shall be inspected to ensure there is no damage to the
casings impellers or drives
(b) pipework and ductwork shall be checked for any obstructions or dirt
(c) valves dampers set shall be checked for damage and proper operation
(d) all material shall be inspected to ensure that it is an approved item.
1.1.26 Inspection, Testing and Adjusting
1 All the works provided as part of this Contract shall be inspected and commissioned in
accordance with all relevant British Standards and to the entire satisfaction of the Engineer.
Par 01: General
2 The electrical/mechanical subcontractor shall employ the services of a specialist testing and
commissioning company approved by the Engineer. The specialist company should be
regularly engaged in providing a testing and commissioning service and have been in
continuous business for not less than seven (7) years. The company shall employ fully
trained staff having not less than three (3) years dedicated experience. A senior experienced
commissioning engineer with minimum dedicated experience of seven (7) years shall be
responsible for supervising and directing the activities for the testing and commissioning
team.
3 The Contractor shall carry out all tests specified any other tests required by the Engineer.
Equipment shall be tested to the requirements of, and where necessary, in the presence of
the manufacturer and the Engineer.
4 The Contractor shall provide all equipment, labour, instruments, loading devices, incidentals,
and pay for all fuel, power and sundries required to carry out the tests.
5 All installations shall be inspected and tested in sections as the work proceeds and on
completion as composite systems and it shall be noted that the Engineer or any of the other
relevant Authorities may require to inspect or test any equipment during manufacture at the
manufacturers works. All necessary arrangements shall be made as part of this Contract.
This will generally not apply to specified items unless specifically noted in the Project
Documentation, but may be necessary for alternate equipment, should this be considered at
all.
TC
6 All tests shall be arranged in co-operation with the Engineer and all other concerned parties
and shall be subject to at least five (5) days notice in writing of the time, location and nature
AM
of the test to be performed. Not test shall be considered valid unless the Engineer is present.
7 All necessary skilled and unskilled labour shall be provided for attendance during the tests
(including pre-and post-test activities) and the test media shall be provided and subsequently
disposed of except where specifically stated otherwise.
8 The testing and adjusting is the contractual responsibility of the Contractor but actual
performance of the tests is expected to the sole responsibility of an approved subcontractor.
9 The Contractor shall have all testing and balancing performed only by persons who are
thoroughly versed in this type of testing and balancing and with proven ability. Names,
complete with experience records, and references shall be submitted for the approval of the
Engineer.
10 Any defects occurring at any time during the test duration shall be made good and a
complete re-test shall be carried out, at no additional cost to the Contract.
11 Where failure occurs during a test, inspection or commissioning procedure which results in
damage to the building fabric and/or any services not provides as part of this Contract, or
requires subsequent builders work to be carried out, this work shall be performed to the
entire satisfaction of the Engineer at no additional cost to the Contract.
12 All the test points shall be provided which are necessary to carry out the specified tests and
commissioning procedures including facilities for measuring or monitoring temperature,
pressure, pressure drop, volume flow, in-duct sound power or sound pressure, humidity, or
other relevant conditions in both air side and water side systems. Such points shall be fitted
with removable plugs, flanges, or other appropriate and approved devices.
Par 01: General
13 Prepare test report forms for each test to be performed and submit these to the Engineer at
least two weeks prior to the commencement of any tests.
14 Only after the system installation has been completed and the system has been put into
continuous operation shall testing be carried out. The testing, adjusting, and balancing shall
be performed when outside conditions are commensurate with the design conditions for the
given system. Dummy loads shall be added to the system if outside conditions are less
severe than the specified points.
15 The Contractor shall prepare a complete list of instruments for each test containing for each
instrument.
(a) name of instrument manufacturer

(b) scale and full scale accuracy
(c) date of last calibration test
(d) name of last calibrating company.
16 All instruments and consumable, such as recording paper, necessary for conducing the tests
shall be provided, including but not limited to the following:-
(a) electronic anemometer

(b) inclined tube manometer or micromanometer
TC
(c) pitot tubes of various lengths

(d) digital thermometers
AM
(e) weekly recording thermometers

(f) weekly recording relative humidity meter
(g) anemometer for diffusers, with collector
(h) ammeter, voltmeter, wattmeter
(i) power factor meter
(j) insulation tester
(k) earth loop impedance tester
(l) tachometer
17 Duplicate signed test certificates shall be provided after each test which will be countersigned
by the attending Engineer. The test certificate shall give the following particulars:
(a) apparatus or section under test

(b) makers number (if any)
(c) nature, duration and conditions of test
(d) result of test
No test shall be valid until the test certificate is provided.

18 Duplicate copies of test certificates carried out at manufacturers works shall be forwarded to
the Engineer for approval prior to despatch of the article to site.
Par 01: General
19 No section of the Works shall be insulated or in any other way concealed prior to testing and
inspection and subsequent concealment where applicable shall only take place following
written authority from the Engineer.
1.1.27 Testing
1 All necessary facilities, measuring and recording instruments including test pumps and
gauges for inspection, testing and commissioning requirements shall be provided and shall
be checked or calibrated as necessary before use.
2 The Engineer reserves the right to call for a demonstration of the accuracy of any
instruments provided.
3 All representatives present during inspection, testing and commissioning shall be fully
conversant with the system concerned and the method of system and instrument operation.
4 Manufacturers of specialist subcontractors representatives shall attend where specifically

indicated elsewhere in the Project Documentation or where necessary to ensure full service
and co-operation is available to the Engineer to enable the Works to be tested and
commissioned in accordance with the requirements of the Project Documentation.
5 All necessary precautions shall be taken to safeguard structures and existing equipment
against damage during inspection, testing or commissioning. Any damage so caused shall be
made good at no cost to the Contract.
TC
6 All tests shall last for the minimum time period stated or longer if necessary to ensure all
AM
sections have been fully examined as required by the test.
1.1.28 Instructions for Operation and Routine Maintenance
1 The Contractor shall provide instruction to the Owners staff on how to make minor
adjustments, carry out necessary maintenance and how to operate each system.
2 For new equipment, the Contractor shall provide the Engineer with three copies of complete
operating and maintenance instruction for equipment at the time of delivery of the equipment.
3 Equipment shall be rejected unless accompanies by instructions. Such documents must be

received al least one month prior to the completion date of the relative section of the Works.
4 Instructions shall be bound in a suitable loose leaf booklet or binder, and shall include prints
of the following drawings:
(a) list of all equipment installed

(b) general layout
(c) wiring diagram of control panels
(d) non-dimensional layout, showing location of all electrical devices
1 The contractor is to operate a draft for discussion with the Engineer prior to finalising the
documents.
5 Portable tools and spare parts shall be correctly labelled and handed over to the Engineer.
Par 01: General
6 The section dealing with complete systems shall be subdivided into each service with a ready
means of reference and detailed index. The function and manner of operation of each
system shall be clearly described together with illustrations and line diagrams in schematic
form showing the location and function of control valves, items of equipment and spaces or
areas which are service by these items. The colour coding and identification systems
employed shall be explained.
1.1.29 Maintenance
1 Maintenance is defined as the Contractual Liability to maintain the equipment in working

condition, plus the regular checks and servicing of equipment during the maintenance period
to keep the equipment in best working order.
2 Regular maintenance shall be as necessary, but in any event not less frequently than
monthly.
3 In the even that the Owner has his own staff, the Contractor is still to check monthly and
advise on any problems and is still to assume responsibility. The Owner is to ensure that his
staff do nothing to adversely affect the Contractual maintenance.
1.1.30 Warranty
1 All Warrantees for equipment suppliers will be vested in the Owner regardless of whether the
Contractor who supplied the equipment is still associated with the Project or not.
TC
2 Warranty will be full warranty and will include all overhead, profit, incidental charges and
AM
sundries.
3 Where damage is caused to any other item by any failure of the item warranted then the
warranty shall also include the costs incurred in rectifying the damage.
END OF PART
Part 02: Central Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Equipment
2 CENTRAL REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT............ 2

2.1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................... 2
2.1.1 Scope 2
2.1.2 References 2
2.1.3 Products 2
2.2 PACKAGE CHILLERS ................................................................................... 2
2.2.1 Air Cooled Package Chillers 2
2.2.2 Water Cooled Package Chillers 3
2.3 PACKAGED AIR CONDITIONERS ............................................................... 4
2.3.1 Air Cooled Packaged Air Conditioning Units 4
2.3.2 Water Cooled Packaged Air Conditioning Units 4
2.4 COMPRESSORS........................................................................................... 5
2.4.1 General 5
2.4.2 Reciprocating Compressors 7
2.4.3 Rotary Compressors 8
2.5 CONDENSERS.............................................................................................. 8
2.5.1 Air Cooled Condenser 8
2.5.2 Water Cooled Condenser 10
TC
2.5.3 Evaporative Condensers 11

2.5.4 Dual Condensing 11
AM
2.6 COOLER ...................................................................................................... 12

2.6.1 General 12
2.7 COOLING TOWERS ................................................................................... 12
2.7.1 General 12
2.8 PACKAGE COOLING TOWERS ................................................................. 14
2.8.1 General 14
2.9 REFRIGERATION ACCESSORIES ............................................................ 15
2.10 MISCELLANEOUS ...................................................................................... 15
2.10.1 Water Chemical Treatment 15
2.10.2 Water Softeners 16
2 CENTRAL REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING

EQUIPMENT
2.1 GENERAL
2.1.1 Scope
1 This Part specifies the requirements of the design manufacture, construction installation
testing and commissioning of central refrigeration and air conditioning equipment.
2 Related Sections and Parts are as follows:

This Section
Part 1 General
Section 1 General
Section 10 Instrumentation, Control and Automation
Section 16 Structural Metalwork
Section 21 Electrical Works
2.1.2 References
TC
1 The following standards and organisations are referred to in this Part:

ARI Standard 210
ARI Standard 450
AM
ARI Standard 480

ARI Standard 550
ASHRAE
2.1.3 Products
1 Materials and equipment furnished under these specifications shall be standard catalogue
products of manufacturers regularly engaged in production of such materials or equipment
and shall be the manufacturers latest standard design complying with the specification
requirements and meets and capacity indicated in the Project Documentation. Where two or
more units of the same class of equipment are required, these units shall be produces of a
single manufacturer. However, the component parts of the system need not be the products
of the same manufacturer.
2 Each major component of equipment shall have the manufacturers name address, and
catalogue number on a nameplate securely affixed in a conspicuous place; the nameplate of
a distributing agent only will not be acceptable.
2.2 PACKAGE CHILLERS
2.2.1 Air Cooled Package Chillers
1 The air-cooled packaged chillers shall be factory assembled complete with piping and wiring
and shipped with refrigerant charge and oil change.
2 The only required field connections shall be the system water piping, electrical power supply
and external control cables when required.
3 The units shall be provided with lifting lugs for easy site handling.
4 All components shall be mounted on a continuous structural steel base resting on vibration
isolators. The isolators shall be proportional for the loads at all points under the unit.
5 The chiller control and starters shall be housed in a weather proof and dust proof enclosure
with lockable door. The minimum rating for the enclosure shall be IP55.
6 The system shall be designed and supplied with the refrigerant as specified in the Project
Documentation.
7 The power supply cables and protective devices shall be rated as recommended by the
manufacturer.
8 The chiller shall be selected to meet the capacities as detailed in the Project Documentation.
9 The compressor type shall be as specified in the Project Documentation.
10 The chiller shall be in accordance with the latest QGEWC regulations.
11 The manufacturers details should be followed wherever possible.

TC
12 Adequate space shall be provided for operating and maintenance purpose.

AM
2.2.2 Water Cooled Package Chillers
1 The water-cooled packaged chillers shall be factory assembled complete with piping and
wiring and shipped with refrigerant charge and oil change.
2 The associated condensor capacity shall be matched with the capacity of the chillers.
3 The only required field connections shall be the system water piping, electrical power supply
and external control cables when required.
4 The units shall be provided with lifting lugs for easy handling.
6 The chiller control and starters shall be housed in a weather proof and dust proof enclosure
with lockable door. The minimum rating for the enclosure shall be IP55.
Documentation.
manufacturer.
9 The chiller shall be selected to meet the capacities as detailed in the Project Documentation.

2.3 PACKAGED AIR CONDITIONERS
2.3.1 Air Cooled Packaged Air Conditioning Units
1 The air-cooled packaged Air Conditioning Units shall be factory assembled complete with
piping and wiring and shipped with refrigerant charge and oil change.
2 The only required field connections shall be the system ductwork, electrical power supply and
external control cables when required.
5 The Packaged Air Conditioning Units controls and starters shall be housed in a weather proof
and dust proof enclosure with lockable door. The minimum rating for the enclosure shall be
IP55.
TC
AM
Documentation.
manufacturer.
8 The Packaged Air Conditioning Units shall be selected to meet the capacities as detailed in
the Project Documentation.
10 The Packaged Air Conditioning Units shall be in accordance with the latest QGEWC
regulations.
2.3.2 Water Cooled Packaged Air Conditioning Units
1 The water-cooled packaged Air Conditioning Unit shall be factory assembled complete with
piping and wiring and shipped with refrigerant charge and oil change.
2 The associated condensor capacity shall be matched with the packaged Air Conditioning
Units requirements.
3 The only required field connections shall be the condensor system water piping ductwork,
electrical power supply and external control cables when required.
isolators. The isolator shall be proportional for the loads at all points under the unit.
6 The Packaged Air Conditioning Units controls and starters shall be housed in a weather proof
and dust proof enclosure with lockable door. The minimum rating for the enclosure shall be
IP55.
Documentation.
manufacturer.
9 The Packaged Air Conditioning Units shall be selected to meet the capacities as detailed in
the Project Documentation.

TC
2.4 COMPRESSORS
AM
2.4.1 General
1 Compressors shall be tested and rated in accordance with ISO Standard 917 or equivalent
and guaranteed to operate at published capacities.
2.1.1 Centrifugal Compressors
2 Shall be serviceable, hermetically sealed requiring no shaft seals, or required stages and
consisting of the following:
3 Impeller
(a) shall be made of non-ferrous, cast aluminium alloy or approved alloy or approved
equivalent material
(b) shall be dynamically and statically balanced after fabrication and tested minimum 25 %
overspeed
(c) shall be sufficiently rigid to prevent any vibration at operating speed
(d) the impeller operating speed shall be below first critical speed
(e) two-stage impellers shall be connected to the motor by a gear train.
4 Casing
(a) all external parts shall be constructed of steel, high-strength ductile iron casting or
approved equivalent material
(b) O-ring gaskets shall be used between casings
5 Lubrication System
(a) shall be of the forced-feed type and shall provide oil at the proper temperature
to all parts requiring lubrication
(b) on units providing forced-feed lubrication prior to starting, a differential oil
pressure cut-out interlocked with the compressor starting equipment shall allow the
compressor to operate only when the required oil pressure is provided to the bearings
(c) the lubrication system shall be complete with the following:
(i) pressure relief valves
(ii) oil piping
(iii) gauges
(iv) thermometers
(v) oil pressure switches
(vi) oil cooler designed for use with chilled water, condenser water or directly cooled
by refrigerant
(vii) oil filter
(viii) oil reservoir
TC
(ix) oil heater, of a size to prevent oil from absorbing refrigerant during shut-
down, thermostatically controlled. It shall not be required if the system is
AM
designed to prevent the refrigerant from contact with the oil and guaranteed not
to absorb oil during prolonged shutdowns.
6 Capacity Control
(a) the compressor shall be provided with temperature or pressure-actuated capacity

reduction to the pre-rotation vane or suction damper type to provide automatic capacity
modulation from 100 to 10 percent capacity
(b) hot gas by-pass automatically controlled shall be provided if required to maintain stable
operation.
7 Gear Transmission
(a) the gear transmission shall be of the self-aligning type, having sufficient capacity to
transmit the maximum compressor load under all operating conditions without
objectionable noise or vibration
(b) the gears shall be double helical type, and the teeth shall be continuously flooded with
filtered oil
(c) the bearings shall be of the pressure lubricated type, and suitable for both gears and
pinions.
8 Motors
(a) the motors shall be of the hermetically sealed, refrigerant-cooled type, the winding
specifically insulated for use with refrigerant
(b) the motors shall be designed for continuous operation at nameplate rating, provided
with a load limit mechanism and solid state sensors in motor winding to provide
positive thermal and current overload protection
(c) the motor starter shall be contained in a weatherproof enclosure, completely pre-wired
to the motor.
9 Lifting device
(a) An eyebolt or approved equal device to permit lifting compressor shall be included:
2.4.2 Reciprocating Compressors
1 Clarification
(a) reciprocating compressors may be of the open or semi-hermitic serviceable type, or of

the welded hermetic type, with the motor and compressor contained within the same
pressure vessel and the motor shall be in contact with the refrigerant
(b) reciprocating compressors shall be capable of operating at partial load conditions a
continuous operating down to the lowest step of unloading
(c) reciprocating compressors shall be designed for use with a fluorocarbon refrigerant.
2 Drivers and Starters
(a) open type compressor

TC
(i) open type compressor may be driven by an external motor, directly through a
coupling or indirect through a belt-drive or gearbox. Starting of open type
AM
compressors shall be across the line or in accordance with the manufacturers

recommendations.
(b) hermetic type compressors
(i) hermetic type compressors shall be direct driven by either a standard motor and
across the line starter or a reduced voltage starter
(ii) the motor insulation and rubber materials shall be compatible with refrigerant
and oil mixtures.
(a) reciprocating compressors shall be provided with a forced feed lubrication system by
means of eccentric gear-pump, vane pump or piston pump. The lubrication pumps
shall be equipped with bleed provisions on the discharge side to vent the pump and to
prevent excessive pressures, and with a strainer or oil filter in the suction line
(b) small reciprocating compressors may be lubricated by a splash. The crankcase shall
be filled with oil up to the bottom of the main bearings or to the middle of the
crankshaft main bearings. At each revolution the crankshaft or the eccentric shall
splash the oil around the inside of the compressor.
4 Features: Reciprocating compressors shall be provided with the following features:-
(a) capacity control for unloaded start and noted capacity steps
(b) suction strainer
(c) crankcase heater
(d) hot gas muffler

(e) replaceable bearings
(f) suction and discharge stop valves
(g) oil level sight-glass
(h) suction and discharge refrigerant gas pressure gauges
(i) high and low gas pressure adjustable safety control
(j) vibration isolators
(k) oil safety switch
2.4.3 Rotary Compressors
1 Description
(a) rotary compressors shall be designed and rated in accordance with ASHRAE
recommendations or equivalent
(b) rotary compressors used for household refrigerators using R-12 refrigerant or for
window type air conditioners using R-22 refrigerants shall be of the rolling piston or
rotating vane type
(c) rotary compressors shall be designed to have a high volumetric efficiency and
an acceptable sound level, particularly where they are intended for use in homes
TC
(d) rotary compressors shall have a rigidly constructed shaft to meet deflection
allowances and cast iron bearing with a hardened, steel journal rotary compressors
AM
shall have tow blades, designed for maximum reliability, and constructed to limit the
deflection under load to no more than 0.05 mm per/m of blade length. The slots shall
be hardened, steel journal
(e) the journal shall be ground round and honed or polished
(f) rotary compressor shall be equipped with a check valve at the suction inlet to close
automatically when the compressor stops to prevent high pressure gas from migrating
into the evaporator.
(a) rotary compressors shall be provided with a good lubricating system to circulate an
ample supply of clean oil to all working surfaces, bearings, blades, slots, and seal
faces
(b) oil grooves shall have outlets to permit free flow of the excess lubricant, and to flush
particles into the sump.
3 Drivers and Starters
(a) rotary compressors shall be equipped with a standard split-phase motor or a

permanent split-capacitor motor in accordance with the manufacturers
recommendations.
2.5 CONDENSERS
2.5.1 Air Cooled Condenser

1 Air-cooled condenser shall be rated to ARI Standard 210 or equivalent and guaranteed to
operate at published capacities.
2 Air-cooled condenser shall be suitable for remote installation in a weather protected casing,
or for use with self-contained air conditioners.
3 The air-cooled condenser shall be a complete factory-fabricated and factory assembled unit
consisting of the following:
4 Coils shall be as follows:
(a) the tubes shall be Seamless copper

(b) the fins: shall be Aluminium
(c) condenser coils for installation in salt air or corrosive atmosphere shall be constructed
of copper tubes and fins with galvanized steel end sheets. Alternatively the condenser
coils shall be provided with protective coating as specified.
5 Fans
(a) propeller type or centrifugal type directly connected to the motor shaft or indirectly
connected to the motor by means of a V-belt drive
(b) belt drives shall be completely enclosed within the unit casing or equipped with a guard
(c) fans shall be statically and dynamically balanced
TC
6 The Housing shall consist of:

AM
(a) the frame and supports shall be constructed of galvanized angle iron
(b) the casing shall be constructed of hot dip galvanized steel
(c) vibration isolators
7 Motors
(a) totally enclosed, fan-cooled for all installations where motor is exposed to the weather
or in an air stream.
(b) open drip-proof type within an enclosure to be fully protected from the weather
(c) motor starter shall be a magnetic across the line type within a watertight enclosure
(d) thermal protection shall be of the manual or automatic reset type
8 Condenser Controls. One of the following methods of controlling condensing temperature

shall be provided:
(a) air volume control

(i) thermostat or pressure switch type with a control relay shall be provided to
modulate fan discharge dampers and maintain adjustable pre-set refrigerant
condensing temperatures
(ii) a solid state variable speed fan motor controller may be provided in lieu of
volume dampers to control the airflow over the coil
(iii) a condenser with multiple fans may be provided with a fan cycling control to
cycle one of two, or two of three fans act in response to outdoor ambient
temperatures.
(b) condenser flooding. On a decrease in refrigerant discharge pressure, a head

pressure sensitive valve shall start to throttle the liquid flow from the condenser outlet
and thereby increase the amount of liquid in the condenser. The liquid leaving the
condenser shall be reheated by hot gas to increase the temperature of the sub-cooled
liquid sufficiently to maintain a balanced pressure temperature relationship in the
receiver.
9 Liquid Receiver
A liquid receiver of a minimum capacity of 125 % of the refrigerant charge shall be supplied
and connected to the refrigerant circuit, complete with
(a) inlet and outlet service valves

(b) charging connections
(c) relief valve
An air-cooled condenser may be used for refrigerant storage in lieu of separate receiver,
provided that the condenser storage capacity is 20 percent in excess of the fully charged
system.
2.5.2 Water Cooled Condenser
1 Water cooled condenser shall be rated in accordance with ARI Standard 450 or equivalent
TC
and guaranteed to operation at published capacities. Fouling factor shall be a minimum of

0.000088 in accordance with ARI Standard 550.
AM
2 Shells and Tubes
(a) the welded steel shells and copper tubes shall be rolled into grooved holes in tube
sheets
(b) the tube shall be removable without affecting tube sheet or causing leakage of
adjacent tubes
(c) the tube sheets shall be made of carbon steel suitable for withstanding working
pressure
(d) intermediate tube sheet supports shall be installed prevent tube vibration.
3 Water Boxes
(a) the water boxes shall be made of high grade carbon steel or material of equivalent
strength and suitable for the specified pressure
(b) water boxes shall have the following:
(i) separable cover with eyebolt
(ii) vent and drain connections
(iii) connected to shell in a manner to prevent shell exposure to water
(iv) flanged water nozzles for main piping connections
(v) tappings for thermometers, control bulbs and gauges
(vi) piping connections shall be arranged to permit cleaning without removing the
piping.
4 Baffles
(a) to prevent direct impingement of refrigerant gases upon tubes

(b) to uniformly distributes gas refrigerant over length of condenser
(c) non-corrodible baffle sheet to segregate and collect non-condensable gases for
compression purging. Purge connections non-corrodible materials
(d) purge and recovery unit connection to remove non-condensable gases and water
vapour.
5 Condenser Controls capacity control by means of restricting water flow through condenser
using one of the following two methods.
(a) two-way throttling valve to maintain condensing pressure in once-through

applications utilising city or well water
(b) three-way valve to direct water around the condenser as the condensing temperature
is
lowered. This system is most often used with a cooling tower.
2.5.3 Evaporative Condensers
(a) draw through or blow-through type sized and installed in accordance with
ASHRAE recommendations consisting of the following:
TC
(i) galvanized steel casing and basin with overflow and drain connection
(ii) frame made of angle iron
AM
(iii) removable galvanized steel eliminators

(iv) access panels of adequate size for maintenance
(v) make-up water float valve
(vi) fan with adjustable pitch belt drive with belt guard and weather protection cover
for motor. Fan shaft shall be epoxy coated, zinc chromatised or approved equal
finish
(vii) condensing coil with a liquid sub-cooler made of hot-dip galvanized steel, copper
tubing or iron pipe
(viii) recirculating pump factory installed and piped to bronze non-clog spray nozzles
(ix) galvanized steel piping
(x) flanged collars for duct connections for indoor installations
(xi) water bleed system
(xii) capacity control can be obtained as a modulating discharge damper to vary air
flow across the coil or a multi-speed fan motor to vary airflow across the coil.
2.5.4 Dual Condensing
1 Dual condensing systems shall consist of a heat rejection and an auxiliary heat recovery
condenser to extract heat from refrigerant and reject some of that heat to a warm circuit.
2 Heat Rejection Condenser. The heat rejection condenser shall be of the water-cooled
condenser type, as described in clause 2.9 or of the air-cooled condenser type as described
in the Clause 2.8.
3 Heat recovery Condenser. The heat rejection condenser shall be of the water-cooled
condenser type as described in Clause 2.9.
2.6 COOLER
2.6.1 General
1 Cooler shall be designed and rated in accordance with ARI Standard 480.
2 Shell and tube type and performance is based on a fouling factor to 0.000088 for non-ferrous
tubes, and 0.000176 for steel tubes, consisting of the following:-
3 Shells and Tubes see Clause 2.9.2.
4 Water Boxes
(a) water boxes made on high-grade carbon steel or material or equivalent

strength suitable for specified pressure, provided at each end for an odd number of
passes and one end for an even
TC
(b) water boxes shall have the following specifications : See Clause 2.9.3.
5 Baffles
AM
(a) to prevent direct impingement of liquid on tubes

(b) to distribute liquid refrigerant uniformly.
6 Eliminators
(a) non-ferrous
(b) to prevent liquid refrigerant from entering compressor.
7 Anti-freeze thermostat
8 Insulation with a vapour barrier
2.7 COOLING TOWERS
2.7.1 General
1 Cooling towers shall be designed, constructed and rated in accordance with ASHRAE
Recommendation 21 - Equipment.
2 Field-assembled Cooling Towers. Filed assembled cooling towers shall consist of the
following :
3 Framework
(a) Steel framework bolted, reinforced and interconnected so that stresses are
transmitted directly to the tower foundation
(b) Bolts, nuts, washers and corners shall be made of hot-dipped galvanized steel
(c) Roof framing designed for additional loads of fan, fan motors, gear-reducer if
required, fan-casing, and other loads during erection or normal operation.
4 Casing. Casing shall be water and-air tight made of stainless steel, galvanized steel with a
zinc coating or hot-dip galvanized after fabrication, as specified in the Project Documentation.
Casing fastening to frames shall be by means of stainless steel hardware.
5 Partitions
(a) full height of tower

(b) water and air tight
6 Water Distribution
(a) distribution system for each cell.

(b) header system with branches, spray arm and nozzles.
(c) nozzles made of non-clogging cast bronze or polyethylene type.
7 Collection Basin
(a) made of hot-dipped galvanized steel or stainless steel one-piece, factory-

welded design
TC
(b) overflow and cleanaout

(c) drain connector.
AM
8 Access. To fan deck, gear and fan, water distribution area and basin.
9 Fans
(a) propeller or centrifugal type with adjustable pulley

(b) gear speed reducer, if required, with a stainless steel shaft, flexible coupling
and extension pipe to permit filling, draining and sampling of the oil level out-side fan
housing with an oil sight-glass
(c) totally enclosed fan cooled type motor
(d) removable wire screen, hot-dipped galvanized steel.
10 Vibration Eliminators. Vibration eliminators with an isolation efficiency of a minimum of 70

percent.
11 Corrosion Protection. Interior and exterior corrosion protection coating and lining.
12 Eliminators. Removable made of asbestos neoprene honeycomb or approved equal

materials, and supported by galvanized steel channel sections.
13 Fill Material. Made of polyvinyl chloride film-type or approved equal materials supported at
close centres by galvanized steel structural members.
14 Bleed-off and Make-up Water. The cooling tower shall be provided with a controlled bleed-off
feature to minimise scale formation and to inhibit corrosion and with a make-up water
connection controlled by a large-diameter seamless type copper float to maintain
automatically the water level in the sump at a predetermined level.
2.8 PACKAGE COOLING TOWERS
2.8.1 General
1 Package cooling towers shall be factory-assembled of the counterflow through design, with
centrifugal or propeller fan assemblies built completely into the pan, with all moving parts
factory-mounted and aligned. The packaged cooling tower shall consist of the following:
2 Pan Section
(a) the pan section shall consist of a steel framework and a sloped stainless steel
or hot-dipped galvanized steel basin
(b) the pan section shall be provided with access door, stainless steel strainer
with perforated openings smaller than spray nozzle orifices, waste water bleed-off line
with valve, and a make-up valve with a large diameter float arranged for easy
adjustment.
3 Fan Assembly
(a) the fan shall be of the propeller or centrifugal type. The housing of the fan
TC
shall have compound curve inlet rings for efficient air entry and a discharge cover
within the pan to prevent water from entering the fan
AM
(b) the fan shaft shall be mounted in heavy-duty, grease-packed, self-aligning

ball bearings
(c) V-belt drives shall be designed for not less than 150 percent of motor
nameplate horsepower. Drives and all moving parts shall be completely enclosed by
removable screens made of stainless steel or hot-dipped galvanized steel.
4 Surface Section
(a) the heat transfer section shall be removable from the pan made of stainless
steel or other approved material supported in galvanized steel frame, and waveformed
or honeycomb in shape for optimum heat transfer.
5 Water Distribution
(a) water distribution shall be evenly spread over the towers fill area through gravity or
sprayhead tree, consisting of stainless steel header and removable branches with
replaceable spray nozzles made of plastic or approved equal materials. The nozzles
shall be held in place with snap-in rubber grommets to provide quick removal of
individual nozzles or branches for cleaning or flushing.
6 Eliminators
(a) eliminators shall be removable in easily handled sections made of stainless

steel or other approved material.
7 Fan Motors
(a) fan motors shall be of the encapsulated epoxy-insulated drip-proof type.

2.9 REFRIGERATION ACCESSORIES
1 Combination filter with a dryer in the refrigerant line, so arranged that cartridges can be
replaced when the refrigerant circuit is changed.
2 Combination sight-glass and moisture indicator.
3 Solenoid valve in the refrigerant line and in the oil bleeder lines from flooded evaporators.
4 Expansion valve on refrigerant line at coil inlet with the bulb located immediately after the coil
outlet.
5 Strainer in suction line on steel piping systems to protect pressure-regulating devices.
6 Strainer in refrigerant line to protect expansion valve.
7 Refrigerant charging connection in the liquid line.
8 Liquid suction interchange in the liquid line.
9 Muffler in the hot-gas line in the downward flow risers or in the horizontal lines near the
compressor.
10 Oil trap (separator) in the discharge line.

TC
2.10 MISCELLANEOUS
AM
2.10.1 Water Chemical Treatment
1 After preliminary design, the Contractor shall submit to the Supervising Agency a complete
analysis of local water or actual water samples at the site. This information shall be
accompanied by a description of each system to be treated with anticipated make-up rates
and other available data.
2 Make-up rates of chemicals and water quality requirements for each system shall be in
accordance with the ASHRAE recommendations and the chemical analysis.
3 Water Treatment Firm
(a) the Contractor shall engage a water treatment firm which shall :
(i) supervise installation and application of water treatment
(ii) supply required treatment chemicals and instructions for application and
control of initial cleaning of all piping systems
(iii) supply testing equipment and reagent
(iv) instruct the Contractor on installation of chemical feeding equipment before
start-up
(v) demonstrate the proper application of treatment materials to be used,
operation of feeding equipment as installed and operation of testing equipment
required
(vi) collect samples of each treated system for analysis at laboratory and
submit result, with comments
(vii) provide written proposals detailing services to be performed for an
extended service period of one year from date of start-up.
4 Condenser Water System
(a) chemicals. Selection of treatment chemicals for the cooling tower system
shall be based upon characteristics and solids content of make-up water as
follows :
(i) chemical formulation to control corrosion and scale as directed by raw water
analysis or sea water analysis where applicable and equipment operating
conditions, is to be introduced to system through automatic treatment equipment
(ii) this formulation shall be a non-metallic blend of corrosion and scale inhibitors
capable of producing desired treatment results without supplementary acid feed
(iii) biological fouling liquid formulation as dictated by water analysis and local
environmental conditions to be slug-fed to system
(iv) cycles of concentration are to be maintained at a level consistent with raw water
analysis and operating conditions
(v) biocides shall be added if significant amount of algae or slime are detected after
system operation. Compounds of mercury, copper or arsenic are not permitted.
TC
(b) Equipment
(i) diaphragm chemical proportioning pump shall be furnished to pump algae
AM
inhibitors. The pump shall include suction strainer, check valve and associated
piping including corporation stop injection assembly
(ii) water meter shall be located in the cooling tower make-up line and shall be
sized for combined peak flow of evaporation and bleed-off
(iii) automatic re-set timer unit and counter-unit shall be assembled as a package to
modulate chemical feed and bleed in proportion to tower make-up water
(iv) a solenoid bleed valve and Y-strainer shall be furnished.
5 Chilled Water System
(a) Chemicals. Treatment shall consist of a buffered nitride-based product, maintained in

circulating water systems at 700 - 1000 PPM sodium nitride.
(b) Equipment. By-pass chemical pot feeders, consisting of cast iron and steel body, easy
to fill.
2.10.2 Water Softeners
1 Water softeners shall be fully automatic downflow, pressure-type water softeners, having
capacities as indicated in the Project Documentation.
2 Piping. Piping shall be copper tubing with brass or wrought copper solder joint fittings, or as
required in the Project Documentation.
3 Tank
(a) softener tank shall be made of riveted or welded stainless steel construction in
accordance with the relevant ISO Standards and/or ASME Code
(b) the shell shall be designed and tested at 50 percent greater pressure than the working
pressure
(c) the tank and both sides of false bottoms shall be lined with plastic, rubber or equivalent
corrosion-resistant material
(d) upper head and lower side of each tank shall be provided with access openings.
4 Collector System
(a) a suitable device shall be provided within the softener tank for collecting softened
water and distributing wash water. The device shall be deflector-plate type, or false-
bottom type, or other approved equal type
(b) the underdrain system shall distribute the backwash water in a manner that will not
cause channelling of the gravel and exchange material.
5 Deflector-plate Type
(a) the deflector-plate type collector shall be made of cast iron, or corrosion-resistant
steel, securely fastened to the bottom of the tank and arranged for discharge around
the circumstance of the plate or through radial slots in the plate. The deflector-plate
TC
type require a gravel bed

(b) pipe connection for softened-water outlet or backwash inlet shall be on the underside
AM
between deflector and tank bottom.
6 False-bottom Type
(a) the false-bottom type collector shall consist of a false bottom with strainers attached
thereto and therefore does not require a gravel bed.
(b) strainers and fasteners shall be made of corrosion-resistant metal.
7 Gravel Bed
(a) the gravel supporting bed shall be placed immediately above the underdrain system of
all types except the false-bottom type collector
(b) the gravel shall be washed and free from any foreign materials
(c) the gravel bed shall be properly graded to prevent loss of exchange material during
normal operation and back-washing.
8 Exchange Material
(a) exchange material shall be quartz sand, washed, processed and not less than 0.35
mm in size and with uniformity coefficient not higher than 1.2
(b) exchange material shall not require dosing or adding of any chemical mixture or
solution to the water to be treated or to the water used for back-washing or
regeneration other than common salt, NaCI.
9 Brine-storage Tank
(a) one brine-storage tank shall be provided for each water softening unit, made of steel,
reinforced and lined with enamel or other approved brine-resistant material, provided
with an automatic, float-controlled water control valve, located in an independent float
chamber, inside the tank.
END OF PART
TC
AM
Part 03: Unitary Equipment
3 UNITARY EQUIPMENT ................................................................................... 2

3.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................ 2
3.1.1 SCOPE 2
3.2 AIR-CONDITIONERS ...................................................................................... 2
3.2.1 Window Air-conditioners 2
3.2.2 Split Type Room Air-conditioners 3
3.3 DOMESTIC APPLIANCES .............................................................................. 5
3.3.1 Domestic Refrigerators 5
3.3.2 Drinking Water Coolers 5
TC
AM
3 UNITARY EQUIPMENT
3.1 GENERAL
3.1.1 SCOPE
1 This Part details the requirements for all types of unitary equipment as specified in the
Contract.
2 Related Sections are as follows:

Section 1 General
Section 21 Electrical Installation
3.2 AIR-CONDITIONERS
3.2.1 Window Air-conditioners
1 The unit offered in the tender shall be a reputed manufacturer who is represented locally and
can provide an efficient maintenance and spare parts service.
2 The casing shall consist of a heavy gauge steel chassis with sheet metal casing. The
TC
minimum thickness shall be 1.2 mm. The whole unit shall be protected against corrosion and
finished inside and outside with stoned primer and paint. The decorative front panel shall be
of rigid plastic.
AM
3 The unit shall be supplied completely packaged and ready for operation once connected to
the suitable electrical supply.
4 The fan shall be of the forward curved centrifugal type and be made of aluminium reinforced
glass fibre, rigid plastic material, aluminium or steel.
5 The air filters shall be of nylon fibre, glass fibre material or as supplied by the manufacturer
and approved by the Engineer.
6 The filter shall be easily removable for cleaning without removing the unit from the wall.
7 The fan motor shall have factory lubricated bearings sealed of the sealed for life type.
8 The fan motor windings and electrical components shall be impregnated or protected to avoid
problems from condensation.
9 The compressors shall be the hermetically sealed pattern complete with resilient mountings.
10 The condenser and evaporator coils shall be formed of copper primary tubes with aluminium
or copper fins. If copper fins are used they shall be electro-tinned after manufacture. The fins
shall be mechanically bonded to the tubes. Aluminium coils shall be guaranteed for five
years.
11 The unit shall have control giving three running speeds and an off position.
12 The units shall incorporate a damper adjustable from the control panel to allow a percentage
of fresh air to be included.
13 The units shall meet the specified duties for air flow and cooling capacity.
14 The units shall be installed according to the manufacturers recommendations and installed
on suitable galvanized supports where required.
15 The outlet grille shall be fully adjustable to enable the direction of airflow to be set to the
desired direction.
16 The condensate drain shall be connected to the nearest floor gully or soakaway.
17 The condensate pan shall be adequately treated against corrosion, insulated and pitched for
positive drainage with the unit installed level.
18 The controls shall include the following :
(a) high-low pressure switches

(b) oil pressure protection switch
(c) thermal overload cut-out.
19 The air conditioners shall be quiet in operation. Sound level shall not exceed 55 dBA at low
TC
speed and 60 dBA at high speed when measured at 1 m distance in a room with normal
furniture and occupancy.
AM
20 The air conditioning unit shall be capable of handling the cooling loads when operating in
ambient conditions of 35 C (Nominal load).
21 The degree of cooling shall be adjustable from maximum to minimum.
3.2.2 Split Type Room Air-conditioners
1 The unit offered in the tender shall be by a reputed manufacturer who is represented locally
and can provide an efficient maintenance and spare part service.
2 The casing shall consist of a heavy gauge steel chassis with sheet metal casing. The
minimum thickness shall be 1.2 mm. The whole unit shall be protected against corrosion and
finished inside and outside with stoned primer and paint.
3 The casing for the inside unit shall be the same as mentioned above or of rigid plastic as
supplied by the manufacturer.
4 The fan shall be of the forward curved centrifugal type and be made of aluminium reinforced
glass fibre or rigid plastic material.
5 The air filters shall be of nylon fibre glass fibre material or as supplied by the manufacturer
6 The filter shall be easily removable for cleaning.
7 The inside unit fan and condenser fan motors shall factory lubricated bearings of the sealed
for life type.
8 The motor winding and electrical components shall be impregnated or protected to avoid
problems with condensation.
9 The compressor in the outside unit shall be the hermetically sealed pattern complete with
resilient mountings.
10 The condenser and evaporator coils shall be formed of copper primary tubes with aluminium
fins or copper fins. If copper fins are used they shall be elctro-tinned after manufacture. The
fins shall be mechanically bonded to the tubes. Aluminium coils shall be guaranteed for five
years.
11 The unit shall have control giving three running speeds and an off position.
12 The outlet grille shall be fully adjustable to enable the direction of airflow to be set to the
desired direction. Where the units are floor mounted the supply grilles shall be on the top of
the unit.
13 The units shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations to unit
location, refrigerant piping, power and condensate piping.
14 Where the units are of the concealed type the Contractor shall ensure adequate access is
provided for the removal of a complete unit.
15 The condensate pipe work shall be run to the nearest drain.

TC
16 The units shall meet the specified duties for air flow and cooling capacities.
AM
17 The controls shall include the following:
(a) high-low pressure switches

(b) oil pressure protection switch
(c) thermal overload cut-out.
18 The units shall incorporate the following accessories:
(a) electric crank case heater

(b) suction and discharge shut off valves
(c) changing, relief and purging valves
(d) gauge connections
(e) spring mounts for compressor.
19 The fin spacing for the evaporator and condenser coils shall be in line with the latest
QGEWC regulations.
20 The air conditioning unit shall be capable of handling the cooling loads when operating in
ambient conditions of 50 C at the medium speed
21 The outdoor unit shall be designed to operate at outdoor ambient temperature of 50 C.
22 The sound level shall not exceed 45 dBA at low speed and 55 dBA at high speed when
measured at 1 m distance in a room with normal occupancy and furnishing.
23 The safety devices for the compressors shall be as per the manufacturers
recommendations.
3.3 DOMESTIC APPLIANCES
3.3.1 Domestic Refrigerators
1 The refrigerator offered in the tender shall be by a reputed manufacturer who is represented
locally and can provide and efficient maintenance and spare parts service.
2 The refrigerator supplied shall be as close as possible to the size as detailed in he Project
Documentation.
3 The refrigerator shall be installed in the allocated location with adequate ventilation for
efficient operation.
4 The casing shall be plastic coated aluminium, plastic coated steel or stainless steel as
detailed in the he Project Documentation.
5 The refrigerator shall be insulated with foam injected CFC free insulation.
6 The compressor shall be the hermetically sealed pattern complete with resilient mountings.
7 The coils shall be manufactured of copper tubes with mechanically bonded aluminium or
TC
copper fins. Aluminium coils shall be guaranteed for five years.

AM
8 Where detailed in the Project Documentation the refrigerator shall incorporate a separate
freezer section, which shall be constructed of plastic.
9 The temperature shall be independently adjustable in both freezer and refrigerator sections.
10 The refrigerator shall be supplied complete with all shelves drawers and dispensers as
detailed in the Project Documentation.
11 The door hinges shall be convertible hinges to allow the change of door swing from the right
to left or vice versa.
12 The refrigerator shall be provided with rollers to assist installation and maintenance.
3.3.2 Drinking Water Coolers
1 The drinking water coolers offers in the tender shall be by a reputed manufacturer who is
represented locally and can provide an efficient maintenance and spare parts service.
2 The water coolers shall be either the free standing type or recessed type as detailed in the
Project Documentation.
3 The complete casing and faucets shall be manufactured of polished stainless steel.
4 The water coolers shall be installed in the allocated location with adequate ventilation to
ensure efficient operation.
5 The compressor shall be the hermetically sealed pattern complete with resilient mountings.
6 The coils shall be manufactured of copper tubes with mechanically bonded aluminium or
copper fins. Aluminium coils shall be guaranteed for five years.
7 The cooling coils shall be isolated from the stainless steel water storage tank to ensure
contamination cannot occur in the event of a leak.
8 The water supply to the water cooler shall be filtered by a replaceable cartridge type filter.
The filter shall be installed in an accessible location within or as close as possible to the
water cooler.
END OF PART
TC
AM
Part 04: Air Handling Equipment
4 AIR HANDLING EQUIPMENT ....................................................................... 2

4.1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................... 2
4.1.1 Scope 2
4.1.2 References 2
4.1.3 Quality Assurance 2
4.1.4 System Description 2
4.2 CONSTRUCTION OF AIR HANDLING UNITS .............................................. 3
4.2.1 General 3
4.3 FAN SECTION ............................................................................................... 4
4.3.1 General 4
4.3.2 Centrifugal Fans 5
4.3.3 Axial Fans 5
4.4 COIL SECTION.............................................................................................. 6
4.4.1 Coils General 6
4.4.2 Chilled and Hot Water Coils 7
4.4.3 Refrigerant Direct Expansion Air Cooling Coils 7
4.5 ELECTRICAL DUCT HEATERS .................................................................... 8
TC
4.5.1 General 8
4.6 FILTERS ........................................................................................................ 8
AM
4.6.1 General 8
4.6.2 Dry Replacement Media Type Filter 9
4.6.3 Regenerative Filters 10
4.6.4 Bag Filters 10
4.6.5 Automatic Fibre Roll Type Filters 10
4.6.6 Grease Eliminators 11
4.6.7 High Efficiency Filters 11
4.6.8 Activated Carbon Type Filters 11
4.7 HUMIDIFIER ................................................................................................ 12
4.7.1 General 12
4.7.2 Water Type Humidifiers 12
4.7.3 Steam Type Humidifiers 12
4.8 HEAT RECOVERY UNITS .......................................................................... 13
4.8.1 General 13
4.8.2 Static Rate Heat Exchanger 13
4.8.3 Rotating Matrix Heat Exchanger (thermal wheel) 13
4 AIR HANDLING EQUIPMENT

4.1 GENERAL
4.1.1 Scope
1 This Part specifies single zone, multizone, draw through and blow through type air handling
equipment.
2 Related Parts and Sections are as follows:

Section 1 General
Section 16 Structural Metal Works
Section 17 Mechanical Works
Section 21 Electrical Installations
4.1.2 References
1 The following standards have been referred to in this Part:

BS 746 ........................Gas meter unions and adaptors
BS 2831 ......................Methods of test for air filters used in air conditioning and general
ventilation
TC
BS 3120 .....................Performance requirements of flame proof materials for clothing and

other purposes
AM
BS 3928 ......................Method for sodium flame test for air filters (other than air supply) to i.c
engines and compression
ASHRAE Standard 52-68
4.1.3 Quality Assurance
1 UL compliance: Fans shall be designed, manufactured, and tested in accordance with UL705
Power Ventilators.
2 NEMA compliance: Motors and electrical installation shall comply with NEMA standards.
3 Electrical Component Standard: component and installation shall comply with NFPA 70
National Electrical Code.
4.1.4 System Description
1 The units shall be installed to allow adequate access for the withdrawal of tubes, fan shafts,
coils or other items for replacement or maintenance.
2 The internal surfaces of panels and frames shall be treated to prevent migration of particles
into the air stream and to minimise the possibility of damage.
3 The overall dimension and weights shall be such that the units of sub-assemblies can be
moved to their ultimate position on site through existing openings or, where possible,
prearranged access ways.
4 All pipe inlets and outlets are to be sealed to prevent ingress of air moisture and foreign
bodies.
5 Checks shall be carried out to ensure the frames are not distorted or twisted on arrival and,
subsequently, after each every removal to another part of site. In addition checks shall be
made of individual sections of equipment.
6 All associated control systems and wiring shall be provided with adequate protection against
ingress of dirt and moisture.
7 Physical checks shall be made on all bases that have been provided for all equipment and on
the installation of the equipment on the bases, to ensure correct level and alignment.
8 Where air handling units have to stand for long periods prior to use, the manufacturer shall
be consulted as to any precautions to be taken. This may include rotating the fan impeller by
hand at regular intervals to avoid a permanent set in the fan shaft owing to deflection and
complete relubrication before start-up.
9 Fresh air intakes shall be as remote as possible from concentrations of surface or roof dirt
and positioned to avoid the intake of fumes and odours.
10 The fresh air inlet shall be positioned at least 1.2 m above ground level.
11 The control system and wiring shall be provided with adequate protection against ingress of
TC
dust and moisture.

AM
4.2 CONSTRUCTION OF AIR HANDLING UNITS
4.2.1 General
1 The unit casings shall be of double skinned sectional construction with all panels fitted on a
penta post frame
2 The panels should be braced to avoid vibration and druming
3 Panels shall be bolted to the sub-frame, except Panels that are required for removal for
securing. Service panels shall be hinged and latched
4 All casing panels shall be insulated with at least 50 mm thick for outdoor units and 37 mm
3
thick for indoor units 48 kg/m density rigid fibre glass with a k-factor not exceeding
2
0.037 W/m /K. Injected polyurethane can be used instead, provided that the overall heat
transfer coefficient does not exceed the above construction.
5 Panels shall be either pre-plastisized, paint finish or aluminium.
6 Frame shall be insulated such that condensation does not occur due to the formation of cold
bridges under adverse ambient conditions.
7 The interior of the air handling units shall be free from dangerous obstruction and projection
to facilitate cleaning and thus maintain a supply of clean air.
8 Surfaces of the units table to be affected by any free water produced shall be protected by
anti-corrosion paint.
9 The sealing of all panels and frames shall be made air tight by means of permanently plastic
or rubber pressure sealant, and made weather proof for outdoor installation.
10 Air handing units for outside installation shall have sunshade cover and weatherproof canopy.
11 All air handling unit sections shall be produced with heavy duty lifting lugs
12 The drain pan shall be constructed no less than 1.0 mm stainless steel or heavy gage
aluminium. It shall be rigidly supported by galvanized heavy duty frame.
13 The units shall include a mixing box section when required. The mixing box section shall
include factory installed dampers.
14 Dampers shall be of rigid construction and should not rattle. Shut off dampers shall provide
an effective seal to minimise air leakage.
15 The drain pan shall be adequately insulated to prevent sweating under adverse conditions.
4.3 FAN SECTION
4.3.1 General
1 The fans installed in all AHU shall comply with all relevant QGEWC regulations.
TC
2 The type of fan installed in each AHU shall be as detailed in the Project Documentation.
AM
3 Variable pitch pulleys shall be installed on all AHU drive motors on belt and pulley driven
fans. The pulleys shall be sized to allow for 5 % fan speed adjustment from the design fan
speed.
4 Flexible connection shall be installed on the supply, return and fresh air ducts to minimise
vibration transmission to the adjacent ductwork.
5 The complete fan and motor shall be installed on a rigid frame. The frame will be supported
by properly sized anti-vibration spring mounts to isolate the motor and fan from the units
casing.
6 Where the fan volume or static pressure is to be variable one of the following methods of
control shall be incorporated as detailed in the Project Documentation.
(a) Multi speed motors

(b) variable speed frequency drive
(c) variable pitch
(d) variable inlet guide valves.
7 The external pressure calculations shall be submitted by the contractor along with the AHU
submission on order to select the suitable motor.
8 Fan and motor drive shall be oversized by at least 20 %.
9 The fan shall be configured to minimise excessive pressure drop and air turbulence.
10 The fan and motor assemblies shall be mounted on suitable bases and anti-vibration mounts.
11 The motors shall be connected with flexible electrical connections.
4.3.2 Centrifugal Fans
1 Centrifugal fans larger than 7.5 kW output shall be of the backward curved blade type having
fan total efficiency of not less than 78 %.
2 Centrifugal fans below 7.5 kW may be either forward curved or backward curved type.
3 Fan casings shall be constructed of mild steel plates with angle stiffeners and base angles to
ensure freedom from drumming and shall be suitable for operation at the maximum static
pressure of the system. The whole assembly shall be treated for resistance to corrosion.
4 Fan casings shall be constructed so that impellers can be easily hand driven after installation.
5 A drain plug shall be fitted to the fan casing at its lowest point.
6 Impellers shall be of mild steel or other approved material of riveted or welded construction,
with spiders or hubs of robust design and shall be capable of running continuously at 10 % in
excess of normal speed.
7 Impellers shall be keyed to a substantial mild steel shaft.

TC
8 Fans and shafts shall be operate well below their critical speeds. Each shaft assembly shall
be statically and dynamically balanced before shipment from the manufacturer.
AM
9 Fan bearings shall be ring oiled sleeve bearings, or ball or roller type. Where silence is
important, the bearing pedestal shall not be attached to the fan casing, and ring oiled sleeve
bearings shall be applied.
10 Unless otherwise indicated centrifugal fans shall be driven by electric motors through v-belt
drives.
11 The maximum fan outlet velocity shall be 10 m/s.
4.3.3 Axial Fans
1 Axial flow fans shall be either single stage type of the multistage contra rotating type with
each impeller mounted on an independent motor, and having an efficiency of not less than 60
%.
2 Casings shall be rigidly constructed of mild steel stiffened and braced to obviate drumming
and vibration. Cast iron or fabricated steel feet shall be produced where necessary for bolting
to the base of supports.
3 Inlet and outlet ducts shall terminate in flanged steel rings for easy removal.
4 The length of the duct casing shall be greater than the length of the fan(s) and motor(s) in
order that the complete section may be removed without disturbing adjacent duct work.
5 Electrical connections to the motor(s) shall be through an external terminal box secured to
the casing.
6 The impeller shall be of steel or aluminium and the blades shall either be secured to the hub
or the blades and hub shall be formed in one piece
7 The hub shall be keyed to a substantial mild steel shaft and the whole shall be statically and
dynamically balanced before shipment from the manufacturer.
8 The fan blades shall be of an aerofoil section.
9 Shafts shall be carried in two bearings which may be ball, roller or sleeve type. Lubricators
shall be extended to the outside of the casing.
10 Where axial flow fans are driven by a motor external to the fan casing, the pulleys and v-belts
shall be provided with a guard and adequate sized access doors.
11 Where axial flow fans of the bifurcated type are indicated, the motors shall be out of the air
stream. Motors may be placed between the two halves of the casing in the external air or
may be placed within the fan casing provided that effective ventilation is given to the motor.
12 Where hot gasses or vapours are being handled, the motor and bearings shall be suitable for
operation at the temperature they may experience.
13 Axial flow fans, which do not connect to suction duct, shall be supplied with a bellmouth inlet.
4.4 COIL SECTION

TC
4.4.1 Coils General

AM
1 The coil casing shall be of galvanized sheet steel not less than 1.2 mm and drilled to meet
the adjacent sections of the AHU.
2 The coils shall be fabricated from heavy gauge solid drawn copper tubing expanded into the
fins to give a mechanical bond.
3 The coil fins shall be aluminium or copper with the fin spacing not less than 2 mm.
4 The coils shall have a minimum of 4 rows
5 Return bends shall be die formed
6 Headers shall be heavy section seamless copper tubing and all joints shall be silver brazed
7 On systems where the static pressure exceeds 750 Pa, airtight cover boxes shall be provided
over the header and bends. Provisions shall be made for draining the cover boxes.
8 The resistance to air flow shall not exceed 125 Pa and the face velocity shall not exceed 2.5
m/s.
9 The coil shall be constructed to maintain even leaving temperature across the total face area
of the coil
10 Cooling coils shall be fitted with eliminator plates if the face velocity exceeds 2.5 m/s.
11 Cooling coil casings shall be made to form a water tight drip tray complete with drain
connection. The drain shall be fitted with a water seal to prevent the ingress and discharge of
air to and from the system. The drain pipe shall return to the nearest sump or gully.
12 Cooling and heating coils for large air handling units shall be fitted with slide rails to facilitate
easy removal by personnel.
4.4.2 Chilled and Hot Water Coils
1 Coils shall be arranged in a contra flow Pattern, with the flow of water entering at the leaving
air side and the leaving at the entering air side.
2 The flow and return headers and connections shall be arranged to ensure an equal flow of
water through all tubes.
3 All coils shall be tested at the manufacturers factory to 1 times the working pressure or to 7
bar whichever is the greater.
4 Coil connections up to and including 65 mm bore shall be screwed or flanged. Connections

80 mm bore and above shall be flanged.
5 Isolating valves shall be installed on the inlet and outlet connections. The valves shall be
arranged so as to facilitate the removal of the coil without disturbing adjacent pipework.
TC
6 Provision shall be made for effective venting of the coil and connections and for draining of
the coil header and tubes.
AM
4.4.3 Refrigerant Direct Expansion Air Cooling Coils
1 The coils shall be provided with refrigerant distributors and the connections to the tubes shall
be designed to ensure an equal flow of the refrigerant to each tube.
2 The suction connections shall be arranged so as to ensure complete drainage of any oil in
the coil.
3 The coils shall be dehydrated and sealed after manufacture.
4 The coils shall be tested to 1.5 times their maximum working pressure.
5 The thermostatic expansion valve which shall incorporate an external equaliser line shall
maintain the design degree of super heat at the evaporator outlet. The remote sensing bulb
shall be securely fixed to the evaporator outlet piping in a position where the degree of
superheat can be correctly sensed.
6 The design evaporating temperature shall not be less than -1 C.
7 The coil shall be sized to be compatible with the associated refrigeration equipment.
4.5 ELECTRICAL DUCT HEATERS
4.5.1 General
1 The casing shall be of galvanized sheet steel no less than 1.2 mm thick with angle framing
drilled and ready to receive the counter flange on the duct work. Alternatively, the
construction shall be compatible to fit within the air handling unit where appropriate.
2 The electric heaters shall consist of a number of helically coiled nickel chromium alloy
heating elements of the enclosed non-corrodible type mounted in the sheet steel casing.
3 The elements shall be so installed that they can be removed for cleaning or removal with
minimum disturbance to other plant items.
4 The surface temperature of the elements shall not exceed 150 C.
5 The control of electric air heaters shall be inter locked with the fan motor starter and air flow
switch so that the heater cannot operate unless the fan is running and air flow is detected.
6 The heater shall be installed with a high temperature limit device with hand re-set button.
7 The control of the heater shall be by a thyristor type fully variable controller.
8 All heaters and heater sections greater than 3 kW loading shall be balanced over three
TC
phases and the complete heater bank shall be arranged for balanced operation on a 3-phase
4-wire system.
AM
9 The connections from each element shall be taken to readily accessible terminal box arrange
for conduit entry.
10 Each heater section shall be separately fused and the neutral point of a all 3 -phase star-
connected section shall be brought out to a link in the terminal box.
11 The insulation of the wiring near any hot areas shall be of the appropriate quality.
12 The total resistance of the heater to air flow shall not exceed 25 Pa and the velocity through
the free area shall not exceed 6 m/s.
13 The installation of electric heaters batteries shall comply in all respects with the requirements
of the Civil Defence Department and QGEWC regulations.
4.6 FILTERS
4.6.1 General
1 Filters shall operate to at least the efficiencies specified in this section and not less than 73 %
average synthetic dust weight or resistance in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 52-68.
2 Filters shall be complete with holding frames sufficiently robust to ensure that no distortion
occurs in operation.
3 Filters shall be installed with edge seals which shall prevent air by passing the filters. The
seal shall remain effective even though the cells are periodically removed and refitted.
4 Filters shall be arranged so that there is easy access for cleaning and/or removal.
5 A differential pressure gauge of the dial type or incline manometer type shall be provided for
each filter bank and shall be fixed in such a position outside the AHU system that it is
accessible and easily read. The gauge shall be marked to show maximum differential
indicating a filter change requirement.
6 Filters shall also have a differential pressure switch installed when the system is to be
monitored by a BMS system. The differential switch shall be calibrated to operate indicating a
fitter change requirement.
7 The air velocity through filters shall be such that the clean resistance as indicated is not
exceeded and that the filter fabric or oil is not carried over into the system.
8 Where a flame proof filter medium is specified the material shall comply with the following
requirements when tested in accordance with the relevant standard.
(a) Duration of flaming. No test sample shall continue to flame for more than 8 seconds
after the igniting flame has been removed
(b) Extent of after-glow. After glow shall not spread beyond the area of material
damaged by fire
(c) Length of material which chars or melts. The average length of material which chars
or melts on the specimen shall not exceed 85 mm and the maximum length of the
TC
charred or melted material in any one specimen shall not exceed 115 mm.
9 Where washable type flame proof filters are offered or specified the filter medium shall
AM
comply with the requirements of Clause (b) above both before and after the washing
treatment prescribed in BS 3120 Appendix A. Washable type filters shall not be used without
prior approval from QGEWC.
10 Where the filter medium is required to be flame proof the casing shall not be less than 1.6
mm thick for at least 1.8 m upstream and 1.8 m down stream of the filter. The immediate
frames of cases of the filter elements shall be of material complying with BS 746 Part 1.
Clause 7 Class 1.
4.6.2 Dry Replacement Media Type Filter
1 The filter shall be of the flat panel type continued in galvanized steel front or side removal
frame.
2 Each cell shall comprise a pad of glass fibre or synthetic fabric filter media, 50 mm thick and
retained within a rigid frame of durable cardboard.
3 The filters shall have an efficiency of not less than 92 % based on test specified in BS 2831
with test dust No. 2.
4 The maximum face velocity shall be 2.5 m/s.
5 The initial pressure drop shall not exceed 70 Pa.
6 Sufficient spare cells shall be provided to replace all of the filter bank.
4.6.3 Regenerative Filters
1 The filter medium shall be processed washable open cell foamed plastic or plastic bonded
synthetic fibre.
2 The medium shall have a minimum thickness of 15 mm.
3 The element shall be supported on plastic coated steel wire formers with a metal frame.
4 The face velocity shall not exceed 2.25 m/s.
5 The initial pressure drop shall not exceed 100 Pa.
6 Fitters of this type shall have an efficiency of not less than 90 % based on the test specified
in BS 2831 with test dust No. 2.
4.6.4 Bag Filters
1 The filter shall comprise of one or more 600 x 600 mm filter bag modules fitted into a
purpose made galvanized steel side or front withdrawal frame.
2 Each module shall comprise a minimum of four separate bags bonded or clipped into a
galvanized steel header.
TC
3 The bags shall have a minimum length of 600 mm.
4 The medium shall be of a fine multi-layer type with high mechanical strength.
AM
5 The maximum initial resistance shall not exceed 100 Pa.
6 Fitters of this type shall have an efficiently of not less than 99.6 % based on the tests
specified in BS 2831 with test dust No. 2.
7 One complete set of spare bags shall be supplied.
4.6.5 Automatic Fibre Roll Type Filters
1 The filter shall comprise of the complete assembly of filter frame, motor and drive and filter
medium.
2 The filter shall operate automatically, with provision for manual starting and stopping of filter
movements.
3 Unless otherwise indicated automatic filter movement shall be controlled by the resistance
across the filter.
4 Provision shall be made for visual warning that the end of the clean filter medium is
approaching.
5 The driving motor shall be automatically switched off when the end of the filter medium is
reached.
6 The air velocity through the fitter medium shall not exceed 2.5 m/s.
7 Filters of this type shall have an efficiency of 95 % based on the tests specified in BS 2831
with test dust No. 2.
8 Where the motor and/or gearbox is mounted in the air stream the electrical insulation and/or
lubricants shall be suitable for the temperature range experienced.
9 A spare roll of filter medium shall be provided for every installed roll.
4.6.6 Grease Eliminators
1 Grease eliminators shall be of the impingement type comprising of fluropolymer coated

adjustable vertical baffles contained within a stainless steel casing.
2 The bottom of the casing shall comprise a grease collecting trough from which a drain shall
be provided into a removable stainless steel grease collector.
3 The baffles shall be supplied in modules with a maximum size of 500 x 500 mm.
4 The baffles shall be installed in a frame and shall be readily removable for cleaning.
5 Greese eliminators shall be installed where specified in the Project Documentation.
4.6.7 High Efficiency Filters

TC
1 High efficiency filters shall consist of asbestos cellulose of glass fibre pleated Paper media in
rigidly constructed case with a completely positive seal.
AM
2 The efficiency of the filters shall be equal to or better than that indicated and in any case shall
not be more than 0.5 % penetration based on the tests specified in BS 2831 with methylene
blue or the sodium flame test specified in BS 3928.
3 Where fire protection is required or the air temperature may exceed 200 C the filtering
medium shall be glass fibre paper and the casing spacers and seals shall be of a fire
resistant material.
4 The air velocity at the face of the filter shall not exceed 1.25 m/s.
5 Fitters changing arrangements must be such that dust is not released into the room during
the changeover operation.
6 Two spare filters or 10 % of the total whichever is the greater shall be provided.
4.6.8 Activated Carbon Type Filters
1 The cell casing shall be manufactured of steel protected against corrosion.
2 The internal arrangement shall include a corrosion proof framework of supports to ensure an
equal disposition of individual panels across the all.
3 There shall be seals installed between each panel.
4 Mechanical protection shall be provided on both the front and rear of the panels.
5 The carbon shall be of uniform thickness in the panels and shall be of sufficient density to
ensure that no settling down or gaps occur in use.
3
6 The quantity of carbon shall be 20 kg for each rated 0.5 m /s.
7 The resistance to air flow shall not exceed 125 Pa.
4.7 HUMIDIFIER
4.7.1 General
1 Humidifiers shall be in accordance with ARI 610/ASHRAE equipment.
4.7.2 Water Type Humidifiers
1 The water type humidifiers shall be pan or atomiser type as specified in the Project
Documentation.
2 The humidifier shall consist of the following:
(a) water pan or reservoir with a water feeder valve controlled with a float box
(b) the water pan, float box tubes, evaporator and all materials exposed to water shall be
constructed of a non-ferrous corrosion resistant material
TC
(c) the units shall include overflow and drain connections

(d) the water immersion heaters shall be copper sheathed
AM
(e) the atomiser shall be of motor driven centrifugal type with directional dome and
supporting brackets.
4.7.3 Steam Type Humidifiers
1 The steam type humidifier shall be of a factory assembled packaged type.
2 The humidifier shall consist of the following:
(a) packaged steam generator

(b) steam moisture separator
(c) water feeder
(d) pressure gauges
(e) thermometers
(f) controls
(g) all materials exposed to water shall be non-ferrous
(h) the heating element shall be copper sheathed
(i) the steam distribution pipe shall be stainless steel.
4.8 HEAT RECOVERY UNITS
4.8.1 General
1 Where specified in the Project Documentation heat recovery units shall be installed.
2 The heat recovery section shall be constructed to permit easy access.
3 The unit shall be equipped with a drain pan for moisture removal.
4.8.2 Static Rate Heat Exchanger
1 The static rate heat exchanger shall be of the cross flow type consisting of alternative
passages.
2 The two air steams passing through the exchanger shall exchange sensible heat to achieve
pre-heating or pre-cooling.
3 The heat exchanger material shall be as specified in the Project Documentation.
4.8.3 Rotating Matrix Heat Exchanger (thermal wheel)
1 The unit shall consist of a motor, rotating via a gear motor.

TC
2 The heat exchanger material shall be as specified in the Project Documentation

AM
END OF PART
Part 05: Chilled Water Pipework
5 CHILLED WATER PIPEWORK ...................................................................... 2

5.1 GENERAL ....................................................................................................... 2
5.1.1 Scope 2
5.1.2 Reference 2
5.2 PIPEWORK .................................................................................................... 2
5.2.1 General 2
5.2.2 Pipework Supports 3
5.2.3 Condensation Drain Pipework 5
5.3 PIPE INSTALLATION ..................................................................................... 5
5.3.1 General 5
5.3.2 Installation of Steel Pipework 7
5.3.3 Installation Copper Pipework 8
5.3.4 Installation PVC-U Pipework 9
5.3.5 Expansion Provisions and Anchor Points 9
5.3.6 Flanges 10
5.4 VALVES ........................................................................................................ 11
5.4.1 General 11
TC
5.5 PUMPS ......................................................................................................... 13

5.5.1 General 13
AM
5.6 STRAINERS ................................................................................................. 14

5.6.1 General 14
5.7 AIR VENTS ................................................................................................... 15
5.7.1 General 15
5.8 FLOW SWITCHES ....................................................................................... 15
5.8.1 General 15
5.9 FLOW MEASUREMENT .............................................................................. 15
5.9.1 General 15
5.10 CLEANING OF WATER SYSTEM TREATMENT ......................................... 16
5.10.1 General 16
5.11 GAUGES AND ACCESSORIES ................................................................... 16
5.11.1 General 16
5.12 SUBMITTALS ............................................................................................... 17
5.12.1 General 17
5 CHILLED WATER PIPEWORK
5.1 GENERAL
5.1.1 Scope
1 This Part details the requirements for chilled water pipework as specified in the Project
Documentation.

Section 1 General
5.1.2 Reference

ASTM A53 Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Specification
BS 10 ..........................Flanges for bolting pipes, valves and fittings

BS 21 ..........................Pipe threads for tubes and fittings where pressure-type joints are
made on threads (metric dimensions)
BS 916 ........................Black bolts, screws and nuts
TC
BS 1387 ......................Screwed and socketed steel tubes and tubulars for plain end steel
tubes suitable for welding of for screwing to BS 21 pipe threads
AM
BS 1845 ......................Filler metals for brazing

BS 1965 ......................Butt-welding pipe fittings for pressure purposes
BS 2871 ......................Copper and copper alloys. Tubes
BS 3505 ......................Unplastisized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) pressure pipes for cold
potable water
BS 3601 ......................Steel pipes and tubes for sizes of 150 mm diameter and above.
BS 4504 ......................Circular flanges for pipes, valves and fittings (PN designated)
BS 6755 ......................Testing of valves
5.2 PIPEWORK
5.2.1 General
1 All pipework shall be free from surface or general corrosion and without any signs of scaling,
pitting or excess weathering. Any pipework so affected shall be replaced at no cost to the
contract.
2 Each length of pipework shall have at least one coloured identification band or identifying
mark, when delivered. All pipework shall be supplied in the manufacturer straight random
lengths, but not less than 6m long except where shorter specific or flanged lengths between
fittings are actually required.
3 In congested areas where small bore chilled water piping is required, type K copper piping to
BS 2871 with cast bronze non de-zincifiable fittings may be used subject to the Engineers
approval, and to a test of the welding operatives who will be doing the brazing. Brazed joints
are required throughout; no compression fittings will be permitted.
4 All pipework, pipework fittings, jointing materials and gaskets shall be stacked in storage
sheds in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations and as required elsewhere in
the Project Documentation. The ends of all pipework shall be protected during transit and
storage.
5 Metal pipework may be stacked in the open, provided that such stacks are, in the Engineers
opinion, adequately protected from weathering. The pipework shall be located in steel pipe
racks and clear of the floor, the floor being formed from either timber sleepers or paving
slabs. A watertight lightweight roof shall be provided to extend 450 mm beyond the edges of
the stack and tarpaulin or heavy gauge Polythene sheeting shall be provided to cover all
sides.
6 The pipes and fittings beyond stock rust shall not be used.
5.2.2 Pipework Supports
1 All pipework shall be adequately supported. All support installations shall be in accordance
with relevant standards, except where modified or extended by the Project Documentation.
TC
2 Support shall allow free movement for expansion or contraction of pipework and shall be
located to ensure that pipework branches or fittings are not fouled by the support during
AM
expansion or contraction of the pipework service.
3 Double banking of pipework from a single support position will be permitted, provided the
normal operating temperature of the fluids in the two pipes do not differ by more than 30 C,
but only where space restrictions prohibit individual support. Triple banking will not be
permitted.
4 Where double banking is necessary, the larger of the two pipes shall be uppermost, and
where pipes are the same size but manufactured from different materials, then the pipe
having the material with the lowest coefficient of expansion shall be uppermost. Support
intervals for double-banked pipework of different sizes shall relate to the smaller size.
5 Vertical rising pipes shall be supported at the base and the support shall withstand the total
weight of the pipe and fluid contained.
6 Supports shall not be permitted which clamp the pipe so that it in contact with building fabric
or structure.
7 All supports shall be specifically designed for the outside diameter of the pipe concerned
(including specified packing). Oversized brackets will be rejected.
8 Where non-ferrous pipework is to be supported using ferrous pipe clamps or rings, an

approved plastic coating applied to the clamp or ring shall be used to prevent contact
between the ferrous and non-ferrous surfaces. Where cast iron rollers are to be used in
contact with copper pipework, these shall be copper-plated.
9 Plastic pipework shall be supported using the pipework manufacturers standard support clip.
10 Mild steel pipework shall be supported individually by hangers consisting of malleable split
rings with malleable iron sockets or steel clevis type hangers or roller hangers where
indicated.
11 All chilled water pipe supports shall be mild steel and painted with a protective coating to suit
the environmental conditions.
12 Copper pipework where fixed against brick or dense concrete block walls shall be supported
using polished cast brass built-in brackets. Build in brackets shall be long shank type, when
pipework is to insulated or where the finish to the wall surface is greater than 15 mm,
elsewhere build-in brackets shall be the short shank type.
13 Copper pipework in exposed positions where fixed against lightweight hollow block or other
patent wall or partitions, shall be supported using polished cast brass screw on brackets.
14 All chilled water pipework services shall be supported around the insulation and not directly
around the pipework. Care shall be taken to ensure the integrity of vapour sealing is not
damaged in any way.
15 It shall be noted that in certain cases it will be necessary to adopt a combination of the
support methods indicated, and when supports are required to be detailed to suit special site
conditions or requirements, then these details shall be submitted to the Engineer for
approval. Anti-vibration supports shall be fitted at all locations where pipework vibration is
likely to be a problem.
TC
16 Pipe support spacing shall be as detailed in Table 6.1.

AM
17
Table 6.1
Pipe Support Spacing
Pipe Horizontal Vertical
Size Spacing Spacing
(mm) (m) (m)
Steel Pipe
Steel
Sch. 40 Copper ABS/PVC-U Copper ABS/PVC-U
Sch. 40
15 2.0 1.5 0.7 2.4 2.0 1.3

20 2.0 1.5 0.7 3.0 2.4 1.5
25-32 2.4 1.8 0.9 3.0 2.4 1.8
40 2.7 2.4 1.0 3.6 3.0 1.8
50 3.0 2.4 1.0 3.6 3.0 2.0
65 3.3 2.7 1.0 4.5 3.6 2.0
80 3.7 3.0 1.3 4.5 3.6 2.5
100/125 4.0 3.7 1.5 5.0 4.0 3.0
150 5.2 4.0 2.0 6.0 5.0 3.5
200 5.5 5.0 - - - -
250 6.0 5.5 - - - -
Pipe Horizontal Vertical

Size Spacing Spacing
(mm) (m) (m)
Steel Pipe
Steel
Sch. 40 Copper ABS/PVC-U Copper ABS/PVC-U
Sch. 40
300 7.0 6.0 - - - -

350 7.5 - - - - -
400 8.0 - - - - -
450 8.5 - - - - -
500 9.0 - - - - -
(a) spacing does not apply where span calculations are made or where concentrated
loads are placed between supports, such as flanges, valves, specialities, etc.
(b) spacing lengths for pipework larger than listed in the table shall be the same as
the largest size included.
5.2.3 Condensation Drain Pipework
1 All exposed condensate piping at low level in plant rooms shall be galvanized medium weight
TC
seamless mild steel to BS 1387, with screwed joints. Fittings will be screw type, forged.
2 All concealed condensate drain piping shall be PVC-U Class E to BS 3505 with solvent
AM
welded joints.
3 All other exposed condensate piping shall be copper.
5.3 PIPE INSTALLATION
5.3.1 General
1 All pipework shall be arranged to set around piers and other obstructions and minor
modifications shall be made as required by the Contractor to circumvent site difficulties.
2 Pipe shall be arranged to follow the contour of walls or beams or other building structure lines
and all vertical pipework shall be plumb, without offsets and set as close as possible to any
local projections consistent with maintaining adequate clearances for installation of wall
plates or insulation.
3 Pipework shall be installed so as to give the following minimum clearances between adjacent
services as follows:-
(a) walls 25 mm
(b) ceilings 50 mm
(c) finished floors either above top of skirting 50 or (if greater) 150 mm
(d) adjacent pipes, both insulated 25 mm
(e) adjacent pipes in trench, both insulated 100 mm
(f) adjacent pipe, both uninsulated 150 mm

(g) adjacent pipes, one insulated 75 mm
(h) insulated pipes to adjacent conduit or trunking 100 mm
(i) adjacent electrical cables not in conduit or trunking 150 mm
Not withstanding the above minimum clearances, sufficient space shall be allowed to
facilitate easy application of insulating materials. Pipes shall not be enclosed in a common
insulating covering.
4 Pipework shall be graded to ensure adequate draining and venting. Draining and venting
facilities shall be fitted at all low and high points respectively and wherever else necessary to
ensure that all sections and subsidiary sections can be drained and that no air locks can
form.
5 The Engineer may at his discretion ask for the removal of installed pipework for examination.
No extra payment will be made when such removal is called for. If the pipework is found to
have been installed in an unsatisfactory manner, then the complete installation shall be
thoroughly inspected and all unsatisfactory sections shall be removed and re-fixed in a
proper manner.
6 During construction work on all pipework services, care shall be taken to prevent any foreign
matter entering the pipework. All open ends shall be capped with the appropriate pipework
TC
fittings. Wooden plugs and the like shall not be used. Valves fitted in the ends of pipework
shall not be accepted as a means of preventing the ingress of foreign materials.
AM
7 Failure to comply with these requirements shall mean that the Engineer shall have the right to
instruct that pipework so left uncovered to be dismantled for such lengths as the Engineer
requests, and the pipework blown through and/or cleaned at no cost to the contract.
8 All pipework fittings shall be installed in such a manner to ensure that air cannot be trapped
and that pipework can be drained.
9 Unequal tees shall be used in preference to equal tees with separate reducing fittings.
Bushes shall not be used. Unequal tees shall be eccentric pattern on horizontal pipework,
and concentric on vertical pipework.
10 Segmented, cut-and-shut, or any other site manufactured bends or fittings shall not be
installed in any section of the Works.
11 The use of fire or cold pulled bends will not be permitted.
12 Where weldable steel pipework fittings to BS 1965 are to be used then branch bends,
although not covered by this standard, will be accepted, but only at the specific location
designated by the Engineer and subject to total approval by the Engineer.
13 Where fittings are connected to light or medium weight pipework they shall be medium
quality, and where connected to heavyweight pipework they shall be heavy quality.
14 All fittings, valves, cocks etc., shall be manufactured from materials guaranteed proof against
de-zincification unless specifically stated otherwise elsewhere.
15 Only one manufacturer of pipework fitting shall be used for each differing range of fitting
specified.
16 Reducers on all vertical pipework shall be concentric. In all other positions eccentric reducers
shall be fitted in a manner to maintain a level bottom and ensure that fluids are not collected
at that point in the system. Where it is not possible to fit eccentric reducers the Engineers
approval shall be obtained before fitting concentric reducers. Reductions in all cases shall be
made by use of factory made fittings.
17 Sufficient unions or flanges shall be provided to install and dismantle screwed or solvent
jointed sections of pipework. Union on all steel pipework shall be of malleable iron
construction with spherically ground bronze-to -bronze seats and shall have screwed ends to
BS 21. Union on PVC-U systems shall be factory manufactured unions appropriate for the
pipe.
18 All branches shall be made by easy sweep tees, twin elbows or sweep crosses. Bends shall
be used wherever possible. All sweep fittings and all sweep bends shall be of the long radius
pattern except where the use of these fittings would stand pipework too far from wall surfaces
and make for unsightly appearance, in which case short sweep tees and elbows may be
used provided that the Engineers written approval is obtained beforehand.
19 Where copper pipework is specified, or allowed, as having bronze welded joints, the
Engineer will allow the use of silver brazed joints (low temperature brazing) using brazing
alloys conforming to BS 1845 Type CP1 or BS 1845 Type CP2. All details of inspection and
TC
testing procedures for bronze welding shall apply to silver brazing jointing methods, and all
joints shall be made in accordance with the brazing alloy manufacturers recommendations
AM
for the application concerned.
5.3.2 Installation of Steel Pipework
1 Black steel size up to 50 mm will be threaded and size 65 mm and above will be welded.
2 Threaded joints shall be:
(a) screw threads shall be clean and true

(b) in addition, all internal threads must be checked for quality and any with any indication
of damage must be rejected and removed from site. All pipe shall be reamed or
scraped to remove internal burrs after threading.
3 Welding piping. Where so shown on drawings, specified or directed, welded joints, outlets
and flanges shall be used. Welded joints may also be provided elsewhere, where approved
by the Engineer, except on piping small than 80 mm, or at points where it may be explicitly
specified or directed to leave flanged joints in order to facilitate future changes.
4 All welded joints (except pipe welded end-to-end) shall be made by use of forged one-piece
welding flanges, caps, nozzles, elbows, branch outlets and tees as appropriate. Cut samples
shall be submitted for approval if directed. All such fittings etc., shall be of type which
maintains full wall thickness at all points, ample radius and fillets, and proper bevels or
shoulders at ends.
5 Splayed type fittings may be used where standard fittings of required sizes are not available
and elsewhere as approved. All job welding shall be done by the electric arc welding process
in accordance with the following:
(a) all joints 45 bevel type. Pipe shall be mill-bevelled or machine-bevelled

(b) all scale and oxide removed with hammer, chisel or file a bevel left smooth and clean
(c) pipe lengths lined up straight with abutting pipe ends concentric.
6 Both conductors from the welding machine shall be extended to locations at which welding
work is being done. The leads from welding machine to locations of welding work is being
done. The leads from welding machine to locations of welding works shall be held together
with tape or other approved means so as to prevent induced current ins structural steel, in
piping or other metals within the building. The ground lead shall be connected to length of
pipe with suitable clamp in such manner that welding current will not flow through joints in
pipe, structural steel of building or steel pipe supports.
7 Weld metal is to be thoroughly fused with base metal at all sections. Welds shall be sound
metal, free from laps, slag inclusion or other defects.
8 All welders shall be certified by the Engineer for the service for which they are employed and
on which they work.
9 Wherever welded piping connections to equipment, valves, or other units need maintenance,
TC
servicing, or required possible removal, the connection joint shall be flanged. Pressure rating
of the pipe flanges shall match the pressure rating of the flanges on the equipment to which
the piping connects.
AM
5.3.3 Installation Copper Pipework
1 Hard drawn copper shall not be bent by any means. Care is to be taken during brazing that
excess heat is not used. All copper pipe may only be cut by pipe cutting wheels. No flame
cutting or hacksaw work will be permitted. No water quenching will be permitted.
2 All copper pipework and fittings shall be of copper to BS 2871 Part 1 Table X and fittings
shall comply with BS 864 or their equivalent.
3 Pipe clamps shall be selected to ensure no reaction between dissimilar metals.
4 Pipes shall be supported as specified in Table 6.1
5 Dielectric joints shall be installed between copper and steel pipes. Direct joints will not be
permitted.
6 All joints shall be properly cleaned before jointing.
7 All soldered joints shall be made with 95 % tin and 5 % antimony soldier, having a melting
o
point of not less than 238 C. All soldered joints for tubing larger than 50 mm in size shall be
made with the simultaneous application of two or three blow torches.
5.3.4 Installation PVC-U Pipework
1 PVC-U piping system is to be installed in accordance with the manufacturers

recommendations, using appropriate pressure pipe and fittings.
2 Extreme care must be taken in the preparation of joints. All joints must be cut square. The
burrs must be removed and a 2 mm chamfer filed onto the outside at 45 .
3 The pipe is to be abraded using emery cloth to approximately the depth of the socket. In
addition, the inside of the socket is to be roughened in a similar manner.
4 The roughened surfaces are to be cleaned using the proprietary cleaner from the system
manufacturer.
5 The proprietary cement from the manufacturer of the system must be thoroughly stirred
before each use. The cement is to be applied longitudinally to both the pipe and the fitting.
Generally two coats will be necessary, but care is to be taken to ensure that no excess
solvent is left on the inside of smaller fittings.
6 Immediately after application of the cement the pipe must be pushed fully home against the
stop in the fitting. The pressure must be maintained for about 30 seconds.
7 Wipe off any excess cement. Clean brushes in cleaner solvent and close lids on all solutions.
TC
8 The system is to harden at least 24 hours before pressurising.
5.3.5 Expansion Provisions and Anchor Points

AM
1 All sections of pipework installation shall be installed in such a manner as to allow expansion
and contraction for the pipework, without causing undue stress in any part of the installation.
2 The stress in the pipework shall be kept below the yield point. Care shall be taken to prevent
branch connections becoming anchor points.
3 Wherever possible expansion and contraction shall be absorbed by natural offset and
changes in direction of pipe runs. Anchors, pipe guides and expansion loops shall be
provided where shown or required, to the Engineers approval. Do not use screwed fittings on
expansion loops.
4 Wherever it is not possible to accommodate expansion and contraction of the installations as

described above, expansion devices shall be supplied, erected and connected into the
pipework installation, and the position of these devices shall be to the approval of the
Engineer. Articulated expansion devices shall be fitted on steel pipework systems.
5 The exact location and working details including anchor loads of all expansion devices,
guides, anchors, and all associated equipment shall be submitted to the Engineer for
approval prior to commencement of the installation, carrying the manufacturers confirmation
that these are in accordance with the requirements.
6 Connection to items of plant and equipment shall be made so that no stress in placed on the
equipment or its connections. All expansion devices shall be carefully erected in full
accordance wit the manufacturers recommendation and instructions, and be approved by
the particular application concerned.
7 No system of expansion control shall be accepted where the closure of movement exceeds
the amount recommended by the manufacturer when operating from the cold to the upper
limit working temperature. The minimum temperature difference for calculation purpose shall
be 40 C for interior pipes, and 50 C for exposed or external runs.
8 All expansion devices shall be cold drawn by a distance equal to half the total expansion and
all contraction devices shall be cold compressed by a distance equal to half the total
contraction. Cold draw shall not be applied until the anchor installations have been completed
9 All anchor points shall be treated as main anchor points; the practice of utilising a less
substantial anchor for intermediate positions shall not be permitted.
10 Where the installation is required to be tested in sections, extra anchor points shall be
installed where necessary, for the protection of the expansion devices.
11 Pipework between anchors shall wherever possible be straight, but where this is not possible,
the bracing of all guides shall be adequate to overcome this resultant turning moment
produced by the offset forces, but the Engineer shall be informed before the work
commences.
12 Each axial expansion device shall be guided as close as possible on both sides of the joint,
but in no case more than 1.5 diameters away. A further set of guides shall be installed at a
distance of not more than 15 diameters away from the axial expansion device unless the
TC
manufacturer imposes more stringent requirements.

AM
13 The positioning of anchors and guides immediately adjacent to angular expansion devices
shall be in accordance with the manufacturers recommendation for the application
concerned and shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval before installation
commences. The remainder of the pipework shall be set in guides at a maximum of twice the
maximum interval for support spacings specified elsewhere for the pipe size to which the
expansion device is fitted.
5.3.6 Flanges
1 Flanges shall be provided on the pipework systems wherever necessary to connect to

components, plant or equipment having flanged connection. In addition, flanges shall be
provided where services are specified elsewhere as having flanged joints.
2 Flanges (including the associated nuts, bolts, and washers) shall be to the minimum
requirements of BS 4504 to suit the conditions within the pipework or to suit equipment,
valves and other pipework components having flanged connection. Where these connections
have flanges shall be provided to suit the connection concerned. Where flanges to BS 4504
are not manufactured then flanges to BS 10 will be accepted.
3 Flanges shall be bolted up using hexagonal nuts and bolts manufactured from high tensile
carbon steel in accordance with BS 916 using two flat steel washers, one each side of the
jointed flanges.
4 Bolt threads shall not project more than 3.2 mm or less than 1.6 mm beyond the nuts when
jointed up.
5 Blank flanges where required shall be manufactured from the same material and same
thickness as the flanges to which they are mating.
6 Flanges shall be smooth machined across the full width of the flange and on the edge but
may be rough turned on the back. Flanges shall be drilled off-centre.
7 Flanges shall be mounted square with the axis of the pipe after all surface scale, oxides,
grease, oil and dirt have been removed.
8 Care shall be taken to avoid distortion of the flange during welding.
9 Steel flanges shall be provided on mild steel pipework.
10 Cast iron flanges shall be provided on cast iron pipework.
11 Steel and gunmetal flanges shall be of the welding neck pattern, welded to the pipework in
accordance with the general requirements for welding detailed elsewhere in the Project
Documentation.
12 Flanges shall be finished or coated exactly as specified for the pipework on which they are to
be fitted.
13 Composite type flanges having gunmetal inner and steel outer flanges shall be provided on
copper pipework.
TC
14 Flanges for PVC-U pipe shall be to BS 10, Table E with 14 bar ratings. Backing rings will be
provided for sizes of 150 mm and larger, nominal pipe size.
AM
15 Stub flange assemblies will only be permitted if specifically requested for specific reason and
if thought appropriate by the Engineer.
16 All items of plan including air heater batteries and fan coil units etc., shall be capable of being
disconnected from connected pipework services by means of unions, union valves, flanges
or flanged valves. Pipework shall be so arranged to allow the item to be removed.
5.4 VALVES
5.4.1 General
1 Valves shall be provided and installed where required for the purpose of circulation control
and isolation. Valves shall be of full bore size to suit the mains into which they are installed.
2 All castings shall be clean close-grained metal, free from rough projections. Screwed valves
shall have heavy hexagon reinforcement threads, ample length threads and heavy shoulder
to prevent over entry of pipes. Flanged valves shall have the flanges flat faced and of
thickness conforming to the appropriate standard and shall be drilled off-centre.
3 Valves shall have pressure rating as necessary for the service indicated on the drawing.
Samples must be provided for inspection of the manufacturing methods.
4 Gate valves for sizes up to 50 mm, shall be bronze non rising stem, screwed bonnet, one
piece wedge. The casting shall have large hexagon section at all threads to permit gripping
to prevent in distortion during installation. Pressure rating shall be PN 16 bar.
5 Gate valves sizes 65 mm diameter and above shall be cast iron rising stem, inside screw,
bronze trim and flanged to BS 4504. Pressure rating shall be PN 16 bar.
6 Globe valves sizes 50 mm diameter and below shall be bronze rising stem, screwed bonnet
and renewable dynamic disk. The casing shall have a large hexagonal section at all threads
to prevent distortion during installation. Pressure rating shall be PN 16 bar.
7 Globe valves sizes 65 mm and above shall be bronze trimmed cast iron body valves, with
outside screw and yoke, bolted bonnet, guide feature for disc seating. Pressure rating shall
be PN 16 bar.
8 Check valves size 50 mm and below shall be bronze body with bronze trim, rotating disc with
flexible hinge assembly, threaded access to top. Pressure rating shall be PN 16 bar.
9 Check valves size 65 mm and over shall be iron body with bronze trim, 16 bar, rated rotating
disc with flexible hinge assembly, bolted access to top with outside lever and weight to permit
vertical installation if required.
10 Balancing valves up to size 50 mm shall be of bronze body. Valves to have differential

pressure read out ports across valve seat area. Read out ports to be fitted with internal
EPDM insert and check valve. Valve bodies are to have 6 mm tapped drain/purge port.
Valves are to have memory stop feature to allow valve to be closed for service and then
reopened to set point without disturbing balance position. All valves to have calibrated
nameplate to assure specific valve setting. Valves to be leak tight at full rated working
TC
pressure. All valves to be provided with moulded insulation to permit access for balancing
and read out.
AM
11 Balancing valves size 65 mm diameter and above shall be of heavy duty cast iron flanged
construction with flanged connections to BS 4504 PN 16 working pressure. Valves to have
memory stop feature to allow valve to be closed for service and then reopened to set point
without disturbing balance position. All valves to have calibrated nameplate to assure specific
valve setting. Valves to be leak tight at full rated working pressure. All valves to be provided
with moulded insulation to permit access for balance and read out.
12 Triple duty valves may be installed on chilled water pump discharge to perform the functions
of a non slam check valve, throttling valve, shutoff valve, and calibrated balancing valve. The
valve shall be of heavy duty cast iron construction with 9 bar ASNI flanged connections
suitable for 12 bar working pressure for operating temperatures up to 120C. The valve shall
be fitted with a bronze seat replaceable bronze disc with EPDM seat insert, stainless steel
stem, and chatter preventing stainless steel spring. The valve design shall permit re-packing
under full system pressure. Each valve shall be equipped with brass read out valves (with
integral check valve) to facilitate taking differential pressure readings across the orifice for
accurate system balance.
13 An angle pattern flow straightening suction diffuser may be installed at the chilled water pump
suction connection. Each fitting shall be equipped with a combination diffuser strainer orifice
cylinder, flow straightening vanes, start-up strainer, permanent magnet and adjustable
support foot. The combination diffuser-strainer-orifice cylinder shall be designed to withstand
pressure differential equal to the system pump shutoff head and shall have a free area equal
to five times the cross section area of the pump suction opening. The length of the flow
straightening vanes shall be no less than 2 times the diameter of the system pump suction
connection. The flow straightening fitting shall be of cast iron construction with flanged
system and flanged pump connections. The fitting shall have a carbon steel combination
diffuser-strainer-orifice cylinder with 4 mm diameter perforations to protect the system pump.
The full length carbon steel flow straightening vanes shall provide non-turbulent flow to the
suction side for the system pump. The magnet shall be positioned in the flow stream to
protect the pump seal(s). The start-up strainer shall be of 16 mesh bronze, and the
adjustable support foot shall eliminate pipe strain at the flow fitting/pump connection. All
internal components shall be replaceable.
14 All valves shall be rated for a working pressure of 16 bar, unless otherwise indicated.
15 All valves shall be pressure tested at the manufacturers works to BS 6755.
16 All threaded valves shall be threaded to BS 21.
17 All flanged valves shall be flanged to BS 4504.

TC
5.5 PUMPS
AM
5.5.1 General
1 Pumps shall be provided from the factory complete with their electric motors mounted on a
common cast iron or fabricated steel base and properly aligned.
2 Pumps and motor base shall be supported on an isolated reinforced concrete foundation as
detailed on the drawings.
3 Pump and motor base shall be aligned and levelled throughout the length and width of the
base and where necessary suitable shims shall be provided under the base to facilitate
levelling.
4 Pump and motor base shall be secured to the foundation with proper size anchor bolts and
completely grouted in to provide a rigid non-deflecting support.
5 Pump and motor shall be realigned in the field after grouting in of base and connecting
piping.
6 Piping shall be supported independently of pump nozzles to prevent piping weight or stresses
from bearing on or being transmitted to the pump nozzles.
7 Pumps shall be located in accessible locations for ease of repair and maintenance.
8 Drains for packing glands and base shall be piped to the nearest floor drain or sump.
9 Where required by pump design and recommended by the manufacturer, a clean water
supply shall be provided for cooling and lubrication of shaft packing or mechanical seals.
10 Pumps shall be provided with shaft packing or mechanical seals compatible with the pump
design and nature of liquid pumped in accordance with manufacturers recommendations or
as specified for each particular pump.
11 Pumps shall be constructed of materials and shall have pressure ratings suitable for the
service and operating conditions.
12 Where corrosion can occur, appropriate corrosion resistant materials and assembly methods
shall be used including isolation of dissimilar metals against galvanic interaction.
13 Pumps shall be provided from the factory with plugged connections for casing vent, drain and
suction and discharge pressure gauges.
14 Pump impellers and rotating assemblies shall be statically and dynamically balanced at the
factory.
15 Packing rings shall be installed in alternative layers staggered at right angles to each other.
The packing shall be tightened for seal while permitting the prescribed amount of leakage for
lubrication.
16 Mechanical seals shall be installed and aligned in accordance with manufacturers

recommendations.
17 Before operating pumps, care shall be taken to ensure that the pump is properly lubricated,
TC
the rotating element rotates freely by hand, the casing is vented and full of water, the
direction of rotation is correct, the strainer is clean and the suction and discharge valves are
AM
open.
18 Pumps shall operate in a stable manner without pulsation, noise, vibration or cavitation
throughout their full capacity range.
19 Pumps shall be selected so that their operating point of specified flow and head falls at the
point of maximum efficiency as obtained from manufacturers published data. A pump will not
be approved if it is selected to operate near the end of its curve.
20 The horsepower rating of the motor driving the pump shall be of sufficient magnitude to
ensure non-overloading of the motor throughout the capacity range of the pump for the
impeller diameter selected.
21 Electric motors shall always be specifically supplied for the available electric current voltage
and frequency. Motor speed shall not exceed 1450 rpm unless specified otherwise.
5.6 STRAINERS
5.6.1 General
1 Strainer shall be full line size located ahead of all pumps and motorised control valves.
Bodies shall be brass, screwed body, Y type, 16 bar rated up to 50 mm size with 37 % open
mesh monel metal screen, and 1.4 mm diameter holes. For sizes 65 mm and above, iron
body, flanged, Y.
2 All strainers 65 mm and above shall have a 20 mm bleed off/drain tapping and valve fitted.
5.7 AIR VENTS
5.7.1 General
1 Provide air vents at all high points in supply and return piping.
2 Vents will have a positive shut-off, and be connected to the nearest floor drain by means of a
copper pipe.
3 Air vents shall not be installed directly on the pipework but shall be fitted to air bottles that are
adequately sized for the pipe it is venting.
(a) 15 mm - 50 mm air bottles shall be line size

(b) 65 mm - 100 mm air bottles shall be 50 mm
(c) 125 mm -200 mm air bottles shall be 80 mm
(d) 250 mm and above air bottles shall be 100 mm.
4 The body of automatic air vents shall be bronze with stainless steel float, lever trams and
accessories
5 A separate gate valve shall be installed below the automatic air vent to facilitate future
maintenance.
TC
5.8 FLOW SWITCHES
5.8.1 General
AM
1 Flow switches shall be provided at the outlet connection to each chiller.
2 Flow switches shall be paddle type with bronze construction for all parts in contact with water
except the paddle which shall be in stainless steel.
3 Electrical termination box shall be weather protected to IP 65 and suitable for installation in
ambient case temperature up to 85 C.
5.9 FLOW MEASUREMENT
5.9.1 General
1 Provide all equipment to enable flow measurement. If indirect measurements are used,
provide all calibration equipment, charts etc.
2 Provide Binder Sockets suitable for the application of flow sensors at all locations shown or
necessary for all balancing purposes. The binder test points shall be installed at the following
locations.
(a) across all coils

(b) across each chiller
(c) across each 2 or 3 port control valves
(d) across calibrated valves
(e) across metering stations.
5.10 CLEANING OF WATER SYSTEM TREATMENT
5.10.1 General
1 The chilled water system shall be prepared by flushing with clean water to remove any
debris. The system will then be further treated as described below.
2 Prior to testing and commissioning, the Engineer shall be provided with water conditioning
programme, to control water quality. Cleaning shall be supervised and programme of
conditioning administered by the conditioning company.
3 For pre-commission cleaning, the system shall be dosed with the prescribed amount of the
non-acid cleaning agent and a surfactant as advised by the chemical company.
4 Cleaner shall be run into the system and retained for a period of 72 hours or more as advised
by the chemical company. At the end of this period the system shall be drained and flushed
with clean water.
5 All strainers and trapping points shall be inspected, and any debris removed.
6 System shall be refilled with clean water, re-circulated or run through for a further four hours,
and again drained and flushed. The flushing shall continue till the effluent is clear, colourless,
odourless, free from suspended solids and such that the iron level is not more than 10 ppm
and the conductivity is no more than make up water.
7 Upon completion of flushing all strainers shall be inspected and any debris removed.
TC
8 The system shall be refilled with clean water and a specified amount of inhibitor added.
AM
9 The chemical company representative shall conduct an analysis of the systems water after
the cleaning operation, and shall submit a report to the Engineer.
5.11 GAUGES AND ACCESSORIES
5.11.1 General
1 Wet service thermometers shall be straight shank mercury fill insertion type. They shall have
a stem length of 80 mm and a scale length of 225 mm, and the capability of adjusting the
angle of the scale to the stem. Provide copper or brass separable wells for each
thermometer with 13 mm MPT connection. The range shall be 6 C to 50 C unless
otherwise advised.
2 Air service thermometers shall be straight shank mercury fill insertion type. They shall have a
stem length of 150 mm and a scale length of 225 mm, and the capability of adjusting the
angle of the scale to the stem.
3 Pressure gauges shall have 100 mm diameter stainless steel case, black figures, forged
brass sockets with phosphor bronze bushed rotary type movement and Bourdon tube.
Gauges shall be complete with impulse dampening insert and T-handle gauge cock.
4 Where the line size is 100 mm or less the gauge is to be installed into a T-branch with a
reducer. For sizes above 125 mm, a splayed fitting with a threaded joint may be used,
subject to the requirements of Clause 1.1.17 of Part 1 of this Section.
5 Range of gauges shall be selected such that the operating point is almost midway of the
selected range.
5.12 SUBMITTALS
5.12.1 General
1 Submittals shall comply with the relevant provisions of Section 1, General.
2 Technical submissions are to include the schematic for components actually to be installed
showing flow rates, and accompanies by pressure drop calculation for the system.
3 The Contractor shall provide technical brochures and information on all components:-
(a) pipework
(b) pipe fittings
(c) pipe supports
(d) valves
(e) strainer
(f) gauges and accessories
(g) air vents
(h) flow measuring instruments
(i) expansion joints
TC
(j) anchor points

(k) test forms
AM
(l) water treatment.
END OF PART
Part 06: Ductwork and Air-Side Equipment
6 DUCTWORK AND AIR-SIDE EQUIPMENT .................................................. 2

6.1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................... 2
6.1.1 Scope 2
6.1.2 References 2
6.1.3 Submissions 2
6.2 DUCTWORK.................................................................................................. 3
6.2.1 Ductwork Material 3
6.2.2 Ductwork Specification 4
6.2.3 Ductwork General 4
6.2.4 Low Pressure Ductwork 6
6.2.5 Medium Pressure Ductwork 6
6.2.6 High Pressure Ductwork 7
6.2.7 Low Pressure Flexible Ductwork 7
6.2.8 Flexible Connections 7
6.2.9 Access Panels 8
6.3 BALANCING .................................................................................................. 8
6.3.1 Balancing Dampers 8
TC
6.3.2 Flow Control Dampers 9

6.3.3 Motorised Dampers 9
AM
6.3.4 Backdraft Dampers 9

6.3.5 Splitter Dampers 10
6.3.6 Fire Dampers 10
6.3.7 Smoke Dampers 10
6.4 SILENCERS ................................................................................................ 11
6.4.1 General 11
6.5 DIFFUSERS AND REGISTERS .................................................................. 11
6.5.1 General 11
6.6 LOUVRES .................................................................................................... 13
6.6.1 Outside Louvres 13
6.6.2 Sand Louvre 13
6 DUCTWORK AND AIR-SIDE EQUIPMENT
6.1 GENERAL
6.1.1 Scope
1 This Part details the requirements for the construction and installation of the ductwork and air
side equipment.

Section 1 General
6.1.2 References

BS 476 ........................Fire tests on building materials and structures
BS 1449 .....................Steel plate, sheet and strip
BS 1470 ......................Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering
purposes
BS 1474 ......................Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering
TC
purposes; bars extruded round tubes and sections

AM
BS CP 352 ..................Mechanical ventilation and air conditioning in buildings
NFPA 90A ..................Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Facilities

NFPA 96 .....................Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking
Operation
SMACNA ....................Ductwork design and installation
UL 555 S ....................Smoke Dampers
6.1.3 Submissions
1 Technical Submissions. After award, the Contractor shall check design calculations and shall
advise the Engineer of any discrepancies found.
2 The Contractor will also prepare an air balance for supply, return, exhaust, make-up,
exfiltration etc.
3 The Contractor will prepare full shop drawings, including sections, of distribution systems and
equipment.
4 Hardware Submissions. The Contractor will submit catalogue information for all distribution
equipment including, but not limited to:-
(a) ductwork, duct sealants, gaskets and tapes

(b) flexible ductwork

(c) flexible connections
(d) access panels
(e) balancing dampers
(f) motorised dampers
(g) backdraft dampers
(h) splitter dampers
(i) fire dampers
(j) silencers
(k) vibration isolators
(l) diffusers, grilles and registers
(m) louvres, sand louvres
(n) filters.
5 The Contractor will submit samples for any or all of the above as requested by the Engineer
after receipt of the catalogues.
6 Samples will definitely be required of these items which are exposed, such as diffusers,
TC
grilles, louvres. The samples must be of size, specification and finish as relevant to the
project.
AM
7 Where a country of origin is given, this refers to the head office in the case of international
corporations. However, for each product not manufactured in that country separate approval
must be obtained from the Engineer.
6.2 DUCTWORK
6.2.1 Ductwork Material
1 All ductwork except in laboratories, kitchens and laundry extract systems shall be
manufactured from strip mill, cold reduced sheet, continuously hot dip galvanized in
accordance with BS 2989 grade Z2. Unless specified elsewhere in the Project
Documentation
2 All flanges and stiffeners used in the construction of galvanized mild steel ductwork shall be
galvanized steel section.
3 Where flexible ductwork is used, it shall conform to ductwork of the type manufactured in
accordance with BS 1470 aluminium strip corrugated and spirally wound with double lock
seam.
4 The length of flexible ductwork shall not exceed 2 m per section and shall be supported as
recommended by the manufacturer.
5 Kitchen extract ductwork shall be air and watertight welded construction manufactured from
16 g black steel sheets in accordance with BS 1449, Part 1 Grade CR4 GP. Ductwork shall
be painted on the outside with two coats of heat resistant galvanic paint after manufacture.
6 Laundry extract ductwork shall be air and water tight construction manufactured from
aluminium sheets in accordance with BS 1470.
7 Laboratory ductwork or systems carrying corrosive gases shall be manufactured of PVC or

FRP. However before installation of such system the QGEWC shall be approached for
written approval.
6.2.2 Ductwork Specification
1 Ductwork fabrication and hanging methods shall be as described in the Equipment Volume
of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers Guide and
Data Book, latest edition, and/or current edition of applicable manuals published by the Sheet
Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association Inc., where methods described
in these volumes are not at variance with the requirements of any authority having
jurisdiction, or do not conflict with methods described hereafter. Ductwork shall not be ship
fabricated until work has been job measured and interference situations co-ordinated.
2 Any Contractor who is very familiar with British Standards may refer to BS CP 352 and DW
144. Any discrepancy will be clarified by the Engineer on request.
3 In any event, the standard of work required is the best available, and the specifications are to
be so interpreted.
6.2.3 Ductwork General

TC
1 All dimensions shall be checked on site before ductwork manufacture is commenced.

AM
2 The whole of the ductwork installation shall be carried out by an approved specialist in
ductwork manufacture and installation. No ductwork shall touch the building structure or
building finishes direct, but shall be isolated with insulating spacer.
3 The fabrication shall be carried out in a neat and workmanlike manner with all ductwork true
in size and cross-section, braced and stiffened as specified and with all internal and external
surfaces free from projections and sharp edges.
4 At each main branch in ductwork and at each fan discharge or suction, provide sufficient
number of Pitot tube holes for balancing systems. Also, provide test holes for traverse fan
discharge and at all equipment. Test holes shall be located within easy reach of catwalks or
ladder. Each test hole shall have 20 mm clear opening, provided with a metal ring place with
a threaded hole in the boss, and matching screwed head plug. Where these plugs are
installed in insulated ductwork, provide an extension collar against which the insulation can
be finished.
5 Reinforced holes shall be provided where thermometers, manometers, thermostats, gauges,

damper rods etc., occur in ductwork. Extended collars shall be provided for the reinforced
holes where these occur on insulated ductwork. Where copper tubing passes through
ductwork, or casing, provide a rubber grommet to prevent damage to copper tubing.
6 Ductwork shall be rigidly suspended or supported from building structure. Expansion type
concrete inserts shall be placed so that the fastener is in shear rather than tension. Powder
actuated fasteners placed by an explosive charge will not be accepted. Angle type trapeze
hangers with rod supports space at 2 m maximum shall be used. C type beam clamps will
not be accepted. Provide necessary steel angle iron required for bracing of ductwork or
equipment, and for supporting ductwork from building structure.
7 A layer of felts strip 12.5 mm compressed thickness shall be provided between any support
member which is designed to clamp or grip the duct (e.g. circular duct band clip) or on which
the duct is to rest. All supports shall be hot dip galvanized.
8 Increase in duct size shall be gradual. Where width or largest dimension of a duct is over
450 mm, duct shall be stiffened by bending in a break across corners in both directions.
Ducts shall be self-supporting and complete in themselves. Single thickness partition
between ducts will not be accepted. Visible internal portions of duct outlets to grilles and
registers shall be painted in dull black.
9 All necessary allowances and provisions shall be made in the installation of the ducts for the
structural framing of the building and when changes or offsets are necessary, the required
cross-sectional areas shall be maintained. All of these changes however, shall be approved,
and installed as directed at the time.
10 During installation, the open ends of ducts shall be protected with blank, flanged sheet metal
baffles, securely attached to prevent debris and dirt from entering.
TC
11 Where ducts are shown connecting to masonry openings and/or along the edges of all
AM
plenums at floors, walls, etc., provide a continuous 30 x 30 x 4 mm galvanized angle iron

which shall be bolted to the structure and made airtight to same by applying caulking
compound on the angles before they are drawn down tight. The sheet metal at these
locations shall be bolted to the angle iron framing.
12 All air ducts, casings, plenums etc., shall be constructed of lock forming quality prime
galvanized steel sheets, which are free from blisters, slivers, pits, imperfectly coated spots
etc. No second quality sheet metal allowed.
13 Where damage (or rusting) has occurred on galvanized ductwork, the affected section shall
be made good by painting with two coats of zinc-rich paint and approved finishing paint, or
where the damage in the Engineers opinion cannot be made good, then a new section of
ductwork shall be provided at no cost to the contract.
14 Duct shall be constructed using double or Pittsburgh lock corner seams. All seams shall be
hammered down and made airtight by applying sealant before hammering down. For
transverse joints, refer to the current ASHRAE guide for low pressure ductwork.
15 Support the vertical ducts installed in the various shafts at each floor level with galvanized
supporting irons of approved size.
16 Install these angles across the width of the shaft, with their ends attached to angle irons
securely anchored into the masonry walls of the shaft, or attached to the framing of the floor
openings. The ducts shall be bolted to these supporting angle irons.
17 Ensure that all openings required through floors, walls, partitions etc., for the duct system are
provide in the exact location required.
18 Each piece of ductwork shall be wiped inside and out before installation and all open ends
shall be capped and sealed to prevent entrance of dirt during construction. Ensure that
ductwork systems are clean and free from dirt, dust, grime, debris etc., before initial
operation of fans. Fans shall not be operated until the filters are installed and approved from
the Engineer has been obtained.
19 The bottom joint and 150 mm of vertical joint on outside air intake ducts and mixing chamber
ducts shall be soldered and made watertight. Provide drain connection and run copper drain
pipe to nearest floor drain.
20 All fixing devices including nuts, bolts, washers etc., used in the construction or support of
galvanized ductwork shall be sheradised, or cadmium-plated.
21 Final connections to diffusers shall be carried out using flexible ductwork or solid spigots as
detailed in the Project Documentation.
22 Sealants, gaskets and tapes shall comply with DW 144 Part 7 section 27 or DW 151 section
12 as appropriate.
6.2.4 Low Pressure Ductwork
1 This applies to ductwork with mean velocities less than 10 m/s and static pressures of 500
Pa or less.
TC
2 Rectangular low pressure ductwork shall be fabricated from prime quality, re-squared, tight
coat galvanized steel sheets as specified in the relevant standard.
AM
3 Reinforcing and joints shall be in accordance with ASHRAE Guide and Data Book,
Equipment Volume, 1988 Chapter 1 or in accordance with DW 144.
4 Low pressure suction and discharge plenum chambers shall be fabricated from 1.3 mm
galvanized steel with galvanized angle iron framework and bracing.
5 In square elbows and in elbows where the radius is less than 1.5 times the width of duct,
sheet metal deflector vanes shall be installed the full height of the duct, being securely riveted
in place. All vanes shall be double thickness vanes of two gauges heavier than the duct in
which they are installed, and shall be factory made, not site fabricated. Vanes shall be tack
welded to vane rail. For vane lengths over 1000 mm, tack weld vanes to 10 mm tie-rod at
mid-span.
6.2.5 Medium Pressure Ductwork
1 This clause applies to ductwork subject to pressures up to 1000 Pa.
2 Rectangular medium pressure ductwork shall be fabricated from prime quality, re-squared
tight coated galvanized steel sheet as specified in the DW 144.
3 Reinforcement and joints shall be as detailed in DW 144.

6.2.6 High Pressure Ductwork
1 This applies to ductwork subject to pressures up to 2000 and 25000 Pa.
2 Rectangular medium pressure ductwork shall be fabricated from prime quality, re-squared
tight coated galvanized steel sheet as specified in the relevant standard.
3 Reinforcement and joints shall be as detailed in the DW 144.
4 All high pressure ductwork shall be pressure tested in accordance with the DW 144.
6.2.7 Low Pressure Flexible Ductwork
1 Flexible ductwork shall be manufactured with a two ply aluminium inner core, surrounded by
3
25 mm thickness of 24 kg/m density fibre glass, all wrapped in a reinforced aluminium outer
jacket. Ductwork shall meet the standards of NFPA 90A, and be UL listed or to meet BS 476
and BS 413.
2 Flexible ducts installed in an externally insulated duct system shall be factory insulated with
3
glass fibre insulation not less than 25 mm thick and a density not less than 24 kg/m , re-
covered with an acceptable vapour seal.
3 Flexible ducts installed in internally (acoustic) insulated duct system, shall be factory
insulated with glass fibre insulation not less than 20 mm thick and a density not less than 24
3
kg/m , faced on air side with PVC coated glass cloth having an open area not more than 25
TC
%, and on room side with material specified above.
4 Flexible duct installation shall be in accordance with manufactures instruction. Joints

AM
between factory insulated flexible ducts and field insulated ductwork shall be sealed and
taped under this section.
5 Pre-insulated flexible ducts shall be subject to QGEWC approval.
6.2.8 Flexible Connections
1 Flexible connectors at inlet and discharge to air handling equipment shall be pre-assembled
0.7 mm galvanized steel with minimum of 100 mm width (exposed) fabric. For higher
pressure applications 25 mm of width of fabric shall be used for each 25 mm of static
pressure.
2 Flexible connectors attached to acoustically treated ductwork shall be insulated with 25 mm

Fibre glass insulation packed between flexible connector and 16 gauge (1.5 mm) galvanized
steel housing. Housing shall be fastened to duct with sheet metal screws. At equipment collar
caulk between collar and flange on housing with 10 mm thick permanently flexible sealant.
Care shall be taken to ensure that ducts on both sides of the connection are independently
supported and that no bridging occurs.
3 All flexible connection will be an approved manufacturer, with ratings of fire spread, strength
etc., listed by a recognised Testing Authority.
4 The fabric shall be rated for use up to 93 C working temperature with a tensile strength of
not less than 690 kPa.
5 The material shall also be impervious to moisture, dimensionally stable, and shall not rot.
6.2.9 Access Panels
1 Duct access doors shall be minimum 450 x 300 mm. All access panels shall be constructed
from double thickness galvanized steel sheets, thickness to suit the duct insulation with
necessary reinforcing inside for rigidity with space filled with glass fibre insulation. Panels
shall be made airtight with a continuous neoprene rubber gasket.
2 Openings in ductwork shall be provided with continuous galvanized reinforcing bars, which on
insulated ductwork, shall be extended to the face of the insulation. Small panels shall be
provided with at least two brass window sash fasteners. All panels shall have brass drawer
type handle.
3 Apparatus access doors shall be minimum 600 x 1500 mm with angle or channel frame.
Provide two 75 mm strap hinges with brass pins; and two handles minimum, operate from
inside and outside.
4 Provide access panels where shown, required and directed and in the following locations:
(a) bottom of all duct risers

(b) next to outside intakes and outlets
(c) at each fire damper
(d) into apparatus casings to facilitate maintenance and cleaning of all components
TC
5 The duct access doors shall be fitted with CAM type to locks spaced to minimise leakage and
drawer type handles.
AM
6.3 BALANCING
6.3.1 Balancing Dampers
1 Install volume dampers in accessible locations at all branch connections and wherever
necessary to adjust the flow of air to secure correct distribution. They shall be made of
galvanized sheet metal, and be equipped with an approved device for fastening in any
desired position. This device shall be such that the damper cannot move or rattle and pointer
shall indicate the position of the damper from the outside of the finished duct insulation and
shall be clearly marked with words Open and Shut.
2 Dampers shall be multi-leaf opposed blade with blade height not more than 1.80 mm. PVC
or similar blade seals shall be incorporated to the end of all blades. The blades shall be of an
aerofoil design.
3 All blades shall be operated by a single operating quadrant with gears and links as
necessary.
4 Spindles shall be non-corrodible, passing through non-ferrous bushings or ball bearing

supports with seals.
5 The whole damper assembly shall be mounted in a galvanized frame with flanges.
6 Seal material shall be rated up to 93C with low water absorption and excellent chemical
resistance to acids, alkalis and oils.
6.3.2 Flow Control Dampers
1 These dampers shall be installed in ductwork to maintain a constant air flow regardless of
changes of pressure conditions. The damper shall be suitable for duct velocities ranging
between 2 m/s to 8 m/s and shall operate from a minimum pressure of 20 Pa up to a
maximum of 200 Pa. These dampers shall be installed in branch ducts fitted with high
efficiency particle (HEPA) filters.
6.3.3 Motorised Dampers
1 The Contractor shall furnish and install, control dampers as required for the proper
functioning of the system.
2 All control dampers shall he opposed blade.
3 Dampers frames shall be formed channels of not less than 1.8 mm galvanized steel with
mounting holes for enclosed duct mounting.
4 Damper blades shall be of not less than 1.5 mm form galvanized steel. Blades on multi-
blade dampers shall not exceed 200 mm in width and 1200 mm in length. Blade shaft
bearings shall be provided at the ends of each blade. Blade side edges shall seal off against
spring stainless steel seals.
5 Dampers shall be supplied in standard sizes, in 50 mm even increments, with transition as

TC
necessary to mating duct sections.
Dampers shall be suitable for operation within the temperature limit of 40 C to 93 C.

AM
6
Horizontal dampers shall have a rated face velocity of 2 m/s at 1500 Pa static pressure
differential.
7 Dampers used for shut off function shall be of the low leakage type.
8 Damper blades shall have neoprene or PVC edging on all outside air dampers.
6.3.4 Backdraft Dampers
1 Backdraft dampers shall be low leakage with parallel blades and neoprene edge seals.
2 Damper frames shall be constructed from galvanized sheet steel with aluminium blades.
Bearing shafts shall be stainless steel, in brass bearings.
3 All blades shall be coupled at the blade centres and shall be in width of not more than 1000
mm, with maximum blade size of 200 mm.
3 2
4 Leakage shall not exceed 10 m /h per m at 1000 Pa pressure differential.
5 Pressure relief dampers shall be multi-parallel blade with weighted arm closing assist. The
frame shall be anodised aluminium channel sections with formed aluminium blades.
Maximum blade length shall be 100 mm, and polyester foam seating strips shall be
incorporated on blade edges. Bearing shall be in PVC with non-corrodible shafts.
6.3.5 Splitter Dampers
1 In each low pressure system take off where opposed blade duct dampers are not specified,
splitter dampers shall be provided. The only justification for not providing splitters is in a
system which can be demonstrated to be sized by a static regain programme and which is
run in high pressure fittings. Otherwise splitter dampens shall be installed at all take offs.
2 Splitters shall consist of hollow blades in a vane rail assembly, made from galvanized steel by
a recognised manufacturer.
3 A lockable quadrant adjustment level shall be located outside the insulation, and marked
clearly to show vane position.
6.3.6 Fire Dampers
1 Provide, where required by ordinances or codes, for dampers made to BS 476 or North
American Standards or NFPA 90A, and complete with angle iron frame of 3 mm thickness,
70 C fusible link, pivot rods, and spring catches. Fire damper housings shall be galvanized
steel duct sections around the fire dampers, and shall allow 100% unrestricted duct area
while in the open position. Provide approved type access doors, with airtight gaskets, for
inspection and servicing of fire dampers. Fire dampers shall be 2 hour rated and shall be
labelled by manufacturer. The fire damper blades shall be out of the air stream.
2
2 Provide fire dampers in all duct over 125 cm in area, in the following locations, whether or
TC
not specifically required by ordinances and codes and as indicated the contract drawing:-
AM
(a) duct entering and leaving fire shafts (duct shafts)

(b) ducts passing through designated fire walls
(c) ducts through floors, and not encased in fire shaft
(d) ducts leaving and entering plant area
(e) ducts entering and leaving storage areas.
3 Where fire dampers are located remote from fire partition, duct between fire damper and
partition shall be encased in double metal lathe and plaster or other fireproofing acceptable to
Authorities having jurisdiction. This shall be arranged and paid for by this trade.
4 Dampers shall be operated by two stainless steel springs with the blades being held in the
open position by a fusible link and stranded stainless steel strap. Blades shall be made from
galvanized steel.
5 Fire dampers shall not be installed in kitchen exhaust ductwork. This shall comply in all
respects with NFPA 96.
6.3.7 Smoke Dampers
1 Smoke dampers shall be the low leakage type, rated under UL 555 S as leakage Class I.
2 Frame shall be of formed channel of not less than 1.6 mm galvanized steel. Blades shall be
1.6 mm, airfoil shaped, double skin construction, opposed blade type.
3 Blade edge seals shall be silicon rubber and jamb seal shall be flexible metal compression
type.
4 Bearings shall be stainless steel sleeve type pressed into frame.
5 Damper actuators shall be factory furnished suitable for either 240 volt or 24 volt application.
Complete unit shall be factory tested in compliance with UL 555 S.
6 Damper and actuator shall be qualified under UL 555 S to an elevated temperature 120 C.
7 The damper unit shall be supplied with a two position indicator switch linked directly to the
damper to provide the capability of remotely indicating damper blade position.
6.4 SILENCERS
6.4.1 General
1 Silencers shall be installed when required to achieve the specified noise levels.
2 At shop drawing stage, the contractor will undertake calculation for every unit and every area
and determine the insertion loss required to meet the stated noise criterion.
3 Supply and return duct noise must be considered as well as duct breakout noise.
4 Materials of construction shall be galvanized sheet metal and mineral fibre acoustic fill which
is inorganic, inert, moisture and vermin resistant. Silencers shall be so constructed as to
prevent erosion and pregnability of the acoustic fill.
TC
5 The silencers shall incorporate a removable panel which provides complete access to all
AM
internal surfaces for cleaning and also permits removal and replacement of acoustic fill.
6 Silencers shall be factory made, and shall have available certified test data concerning
insertion loss. This must be available when required, in advance of ordering units. Where a
silencers is made under licence, or part assembled locally, then tests must also be made
after assembly and witnessed by and independent authority.
7 The static pressure loss of any required silencer must be considered in air handling
equipment original selection.
8 Silencers shall be installed in locations as indicated on the contract drawings.
9 Silencers shall be flanged to exactly match the adjacent ductwork in which they are to be
installed.
6.5 DIFFUSERS AND REGISTERS
6.5.1 General
1 Diffusers, registers and grilles shall be arranged for flush mounting in lay-in type ceilings and
over lap mounting in plaster, mineral tile and similar ceilings, with concealed fixings unless
otherwise directed
2 Grilles, register and diffuser locations shall be adjusted to suit reflected ceiling drawings, or
Engineer's site instructions. All grilles, registers, diffusers, louvres shall be from one
manufacturer.
3 Provide plaster frame for grilles, and diffusers installed in plaster ceilings,
4 All diffusers, grilles and registers shall be supplied completely factory powder coated. Finish
colour shall be to the approval of the Architect. The interior of all grilles and diffusers is to be
factory painted matt black.
5 All supply grilles and diffusers will have opposed blade balancing dampers. All will have foam
rubber sealing band around the edge to seal to the structure. All pivots will be round section,
not of formed sheet, and not relying on a spring steel locking wire.
6 Basic grilles and diffuser materials shall be aluminium extruded sections. Sections in the air
stream shall be carefully selected to minimise turbulence.
7 All grilles and diffusers supplied on this project shall be tested and rated in accordance with
ASHRAE Standard 70-72, ADC Test Code 1062-GRD and ISO 3741 or have ARI
certification.
8 Linear bar grilles shall be fabricated from aluminium, with 6.4 mm wide bars on 12.5 mm
centres pressed into a notched steel retaining bar. The core can be either welded into the
cuter frame, or where the grille is used in a sill application, held in the outer frame by spring
clips fixed to the core retaining bar. The outer frame shall be 35 mm deep and shall have a
visible flange 25.4 mm wide, milled end caps shall be welded to give a near invisible joint.
The grill shall be complete with an opposed blade damper painted matt black, and shall be
fixed with universal mounting brackets. Both the damper and the fixing brackets shall be
TC
accessible through the face of the grille. Continuous grilles shall be provided with positive
alignment strips, which fit into special keyways extruded into the frame of the grille to ensure
AM
clean unbroken lines.
9 Ceiling Diffusers shall be multi-core giving 4 way horizontal discharge. The three centre cores
of the diffuser shall be manufactured from pressed aluminium, with the remaining cores and
the outer frame fabricated from extruded aluminium welded at the corners to give near
invisible joints. One, two and three way pattern cores shall be used as indicated on
schedules. All cores shall be interchangeable. The core shall be removable without the use of
special tools, but for safety, shall be fixed to the outer frame by a small length of chain. The
diffuser shall be complete with an opposed blade damper painted matt black." The damper
shall be adjustable through the face of the diffuser".
10 Wall registers shall be double deflection fabricated from aluminium, the front vanes being
horizontal, the rear vanes vertical. This grille shall be complete with an opposed blade
damper painted matt black and adjustable from the face of the diffuser. Both sets of vanes
shall be fully adjustable without the use of special tools.
11 Eggcrate return or extract grille shall be provided with 12.7 mm x 12.7 mm openings, giving a
free area of 90 %. The core shall be fixed into an extruded aluminium frame, with welded
corners and a 25 mm face flange. The grille is complete with an opposed blade damper
painted matt black and adjustable through the face of the diffuser.
12 Circular ceiling diffuser shall be of aluminium construction with two concentric inner
spinnings. The diffuser core shall be fully adjustable for vertical or horizontal air discharge,
and shall be removable without the use of special tools. An iris damper shall be provided in
the neck of the diffuser which is adjustable from the diffuser face.
13 Vision proof door transfer grilles shall consist of an aluminium core with inverted-vee type
blades, and an extruded aluminium frame with matching rear flange. The frame shall be
adjustable from 28 mm to 60 mm to suit the door width. Transfer grilles for 'LIGHT TIGHT'
applications such as dark rooms shall be with two vision proof cores back to back.
14 Linear slot diffusers shall provide an unobtrusive continuous air diffusion with a pleasing
aesthetic appearance. Hairline butt joints shall ensure clean unbroken linear runs for active
and dummy sections. The diffusers shall be complete with pattern control blades, fully
adjustable from face of diffuser through 180 degrees and shall be fitted with end caps at each
end. The diffuser members shall be constructed from high quality aluminium extrusions to
BS 1474 while the pattern control blades shall be of black rigid PVC or aluminium extrusions.
6.6 LOUVRES
6.6.1 Outside Louvres
1 Outside louvres shall be supplied with sleeves for the appropriate openings, and with full
installation instructions.
2 Louvres shall be extruded aluminium frame with aluminium blades of not less than 2 mm
thickness, and shall be firmly fixed so as not to vibrate. Unsupported blade width shall not
exceed 1800 mm.
TC
3 Behind each louvre shall be an insect mesh screen 6 x 6 mm made from 2 mm diameter
wire. The screen will be clamped by a 20 mm frame and will be firmly fixed to the outer
edges of the louvre. The screen and frame shall be hot dip galvanized after fabrication.
AM
4 The connection to the louvre shall be flexible and shall ensure no duct load is transmitted to
the louvre.
5 Louvres shall be provided with powder coated finish to the approval of the Architect.
6.6.2 Sand Louvre
1 Sand louvres shall have a double deflection inlet passage to separate sand from incoming air
by means of centrifugal forces.
2 Separation efficiency shall not be less than 80 % on 20 to 200 micron test dust, and 50 % on
1 to 70 micron test dust.
3 Sand louvre shall be mill finished aluminium sections with casing 2 mm thick and blades 1.5
mm thick. The base of the louvre shall have self-emptying sand holes.
4 Pressure drop at 2 m/s average face velocity shall not exceed 85 Pa.
5 Insect mesh shall be included.
6 Sand louvres shall be provided with powder coated finish to the approval of the Engineer.
END OF PART
Part 07: Thermal Insulation
7 THERMAL INSULATION ............................................................................... 2

7.1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................... 2
7.1.1 Scope of Work 2
7.1.2 References 2
7.1.3 Submissions 2
7.1.4 Contractors Responsibility 3
7.1.5 System Description 3
7.2 PIPE INSULATION ........................................................................................ 5
7.2.1 Fibreglass Insulation 5
7.2.2 Polyisocyanurate (Phenolic Foam) Insulation 6
7.2.3 Preinsulated Under Ground 6
7.3 CONCEALED COLD AIR DUCTS ................................................................. 7
7.4 EXPOSED COLD AIR DUCTS ...................................................................... 7
TC
7.4.3 External Ductwork 8

7.4.4 Acoustic Lining 8
AM
7.4.5 Circular Duct Insulation 9

7.5 EQUIPMENT INSULATION ........................................................................... 9
7.5.1 Refrigerant and Condensate Drain Pipe Insulation 9
7.5.2 Apparatus Casings 10
7 THERMAL INSULATION
7.1 GENERAL
7.1.1 Scope of Work
1 This Part details the requirements for insulation for piping systems, ductwork systems, and
equipment.

This Section
Part 5 Chilled Water Pipework
Section 1 General
7.1.2 References
1 The following standards are referred to in this Part
ANSI 331.1 .................Pipework Design
ASTM E-84 .................Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
TC
BS 476 ........................Fire tests on building materials and structures

AM
BS 4735 ......................Laboratory method of test for assessment of horizontal burning

characteristics of specimens no larger than 150 mm x 50 mm x 13 mm
(nominal) of cellular plastics and cellular rubber materials when
subjected to a small frame
DW 144 ......................Ductwork Installation
7.1.3 Submissions
1 The Contractor shall submit manufacturers specifications and installation instructions for
each type of mechanical insulation. The submittal shall include a schedule showing
manufacturers product number, thickness and recommended furnished accessories for each
system requiring insulation.
2 Samples for each type of insulation shall be provided. A 300 mm long sample of each piping
insulation type and a 300 x 300 mm of each duct and equipment insulation type.
3 The Contractor shall submit certification and data necessary to show compliance with the
specification and other governing regulations. These shall include proof of compliance for
test of products for fire rating, corrosive resistance and compressive strength.
4 Where the specification calls for additional treatments such as wrapping and water proofing a
complete sample shall be provided in addition to the above samples.
5 All samples shall be retained on site after approval to be a reference for future work.
7.1.4 Contractors Responsibility
1 The Contractor shall provide all necessary materials, labour, equipment, tools, appliances,
services hoisting scaffolding supports and supervision to provide complete mechanical
insulation in accordance with the Specifications.
7.1.5 System Description
1 The thermal insulation shall be in accordance with the QGEWC regulations unless specified
differently in the Project Documentation. However QGEWC approval is required before any
change will be permitted.
2 The whole of the insulation work shall be carried out by an approved specialist insulation
Contractor. All allowances shall be included for arranging a specialist subcontractor
accordingly and for informing the specialist subcontractor of all conditions relating to the
contract and for co-ordinating his works with the remainder of the Works.
3 All allowances shall be included for informing the specialist subcontractor of all details of the
building structure, programme arrangements, and other relevant details at the time of tender
and for all necessary visits to site by the subcontractor or his workers.
4 In addition to complying with the relevant standards, all insulating material shall be free from
asbestos.
TC
5 Insulating materials shall be acceptable only if they are equal to or better than the grades or
classes of fire resistance as follows:
AM
(a) BS 4735, Class Q, for burning rate nil, and not producing melted droplets
(b) BS 476 Part 4, for non-combustible grade
(c) BS 476 Part 5, Class P, for not easily ignitable
(d) BS 476 Part 7, for fire propagation index of a maximum of 12.6
(e) BS 476 Part 7, Class 1, for surface spread of flame
(f) BS 476 Part 9, for production of emitted smoke shall not give more than 35 %
obstruction of the light beam.
6 All insulation finishes and coverings shall be classified as Class 1 surface spread when
tested in accordance with BS 476, Part 7.
7 All adhesive, mastics, coatings, sealers and primers shall be classified as Class 1 surface
spread when tested in accordance with BS 476, Part 7. They shall not in any way attack the
insulation or the surface to which the insulation is being applied and shall be suitable for the
working temperatures.
8 Insulating materials shall have thermal conductivity values not more than those listed as
given in Table 8.1.
Table 8.1
Thermal Conductivity Insulating Materials
Material Type Thermal Conductivity
(W/m/C)
Mineral wool Sectional 0.04

Mineral wool Slabs 0.04
Fibre Glass All 0.034
Closed Cell All 0.038
Polyurethane Sectional 0.025
Styrofoam Rigid 0.026
o
Note: all conductivity figures are rated at an average temperature of 24 C.
9 All material delivered to site shall be new and fully dried out and so maintained throughout
the progress of the works. All insulating materials shall be stored in storage sheds, and in
accordance with the manufacturers recommendations.
10 In order to ensure that the insulation applied is in all respects in accordance with the
Specification, sections shall, as required by the Engineer, be cut from the finished insulation.
TC
The Contractor is as allow in his price for the removal and replacement of two sections of
each type of insulation. If however, defects are revealed, further sections shall be cut out for
inspection, and all cut-out sections shall be replaced at no cost to the Contract. If further
AM
defects are revealed then the Engineer shall have the right, when in his opinion it is
necessary, to issue instructions for any part or the whole of the insulation to be removed and
replaced. The replacement with new insulation shall be to the satisfaction of the Engineer
and the cutting out and replacement shall be at no cost to the Contract.
11 Particular attention shall be paid to the finished appearances of all thermal insulation which
must present a neat and symmetrical appearance running true in the line with pipe layouts,
etc.
12 Any rough, irregular and badly finished surfaces shall be stripped down and re-insulated to
the Engineers satisfaction.
13 In certain cases the type of insulation specified will require a painted finish, in addition to
identifying bands and any signs which are to be applied.
14 All systems are to have been tested and approved by the Engineer prior to installation of
insulation.
15 All thermal insulation shall be non-corrosive to the metal, water repellent and fire retardant.
16 All metal surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned and treated with approved corrosion inhibitor
before applying the insulation. Insulation can be applied directly to galvanized surfaces.
17 Lead bearing inserts shall be provided at all supports to ensure that the insulation is not
compressed or damaged. The inserts shall be treated hardwood or approved plastic.
18 The vapour barrier shall be continuous and not punctured at any point.
19 The cotton canvas/fibre glass cloth shall be soaked in a compound as approved by the
Engineer and shall be overlapped at least 50 mm at transverse and longitudinal cloth joints.
20 Vapour seal materials shall be fire resistant, non-toxic, weather resistant, and anti-fungus
quality. Bitumen based products shall not be used.
21 All access doors in ductwork shall be insulated to match the ductwork that they are installed
in. The insulation shall be furnished to allow access without damage to the insulation.
22 Mechanical fasteners shall be used when installing slab or roll insulation. The fasteners shall
be the self adhesive type and only fixed after cleaning to ensure proper adhesion.
7.2 PIPE INSULATION
7.2.1 Fibreglass Insulation
1 Pipe covering and insulation shall be manufactured by a recognised manufacturer, and shall
be neatly installed to the following specifications. The general intent is to provide a sealed
insulation which will not permit sweating of the pipes and which will not retain moisture to the
detriment of its insulating capability.
2 Pipes shall be thermally insulated with rigid section of fibre glass insulation with density of 65
kg/m3, having a thermal conductivity factor of 0.03 W/m2/K at 10 oC with self applied
aluminium craft paper. The minimum thickness shall be 500 mm unless otherwise specified
TC
in the Project Documentation.

AM
3 The insulation, in sizes indicated shall be applied over clean, dry surfaces. Adjoining sections
of insulation should be butted firmly together with the longitudinal seam of the jacket located
on the bottom half of the pipe.
4 Pipes should be banded with at least three aluminium bands per section. One at the centre
and one covering the edge of each circumferential strip.
5 Insulate and finish valves and fittings in the same manner and same thickness as piping in
which such items are installed. Moulded, factory shaped sectional pipe covering, factory or
job fabricated may be used subject to satisfactory visual checking by the Engineer.
6 Direct contact between pipe and hanger shall be avoided. Hangers shall pass outside of the
sheet metal protection saddle, which shall cover a section of high density insulation, of
sufficient length to support the pipe without crushing the insulation. The vapour barrier shall
be lapped over the saddle and securely cemented to it. Minimum thickness of metal saddle is
1.5 mm. The method shall be in accordance with DW 144.
7 Internal chilled water pipe shall be covered by 50 mm of rigid insulation plus a 200 g/m2
woven glass cloth cover painted with two coats of approved sealant. External chilled water
pipe shall be covered by 50 mm of rigid insulation plus a waterproof cover of 200 g/m2 woven
glass cloth painted with two coats of approved sealant. Where any insulated piped service is
run external to the building (including insulated pipework run on roofs), in trenches or in plant
rooms, the piped services shall be clad using an outer covering of sheet aluminium with a
minimum thickness of 0.7 mm.
8 Where exposed, insulated pipework runs through occupied or public areas, chiller yards and
plant rooms the exposed pipework shall be clad with sheet aluminium, of 0.7 mm or thicker.
or may be painted as detailed in the Project Documentation.
9 Strainers and valves of diameter 80 mm and above and fittings which require opening for
maintenance and repairs shall be provided with insulated boxes.
7.2.2 Polyisocyanurate (Phenolic Foam) Insulation
1 Chilled water pipe insulation shall be polyisocaynurate rigid closed cell pre-formed pipe
insulation cut from blocks which have been factory produced from a chemical system
complying with ASTM E-84, with a flame spread less than 25 and identified by a light green
colour.
2 The density shall be 35 kg/m3 for all interior piping and 50 kg/m3 for external pipework.
3 All pipe insulation to be factory covered with reinforced aluminium foil/kraft paper laminate,
the whole providing a Class I rating to BS 476 Part 7.
4 Bends are to be insulated with pre-moulded polyisocyanurate rigid closed cell foam meeting
the same fire ratings as above but with aluminium foil applied separately on site.
5 Tees, valves, strainers etc. are to be produced by the Contractor forming suitable metal
boxes and pouring in-situ polyisocyanurate chemical system supplied by the pipe insulation
TC
manufacturer and in accordance with his instructions.

AM
6 High density pipe supports, 80 kg/m3, are to be produced from the same chemical system
and by the same manufacturer of the insulation and covered with aluminium foil in the
factory.
7 The manufacturers installation recommendations shall be strictly adhered to.
8 The use of fibrous insulation on chilled water pipes will not be permitted.
7.2.3 Preinsulated Under Ground
1 All underground chilled water pipework shall be pre-insulated.
2 The system shall be non corrosive, non metallic, structurally strong completely water proof
and entirely resistance to attack by salts, water and all ground chemicals normally
encountered.
3 The system manufacturer shall have fabricated systems of the composition defined here for
at least two years.
4 All straight sections fittings, anchors end seals and other accessories shall be factory
prefabricated to the project dimensions. The design shall be such to minimise the number of
field welds.
5 The system design shall be in conformance with the latest edition of ANSI 331.1.
6 Pipe movement due to thermal expansion shall be accommodated with expansion loops or
elbows.
7 The system manufacturer shall provide an integrated leak detection/location system factory
installed within the piping system. The leak detection system shall be connected to the leak
detection panel.
8 The complete system shall be computer designed and analysed by the piping system
manufacturer to determine stress and anticipated thermal movement of the pipework.
9 PVC warning tape shall be provided 300 mm above the buried throughout the length of the
buried pipe.
7.3 CONCEALED COLD AIR DUCTS
1 Unless otherwise indicated, supply and return ductwork shall be insulated with 48 kg/m3
density aluminium foil faced fibreglass duct insulation. The insulation shall be fastened with
adhesive of high quality and a thermal conductivity of not more than 0.037 W/m/C. The
adhesive shall be applied to the entire surface of the ductwork and insulation. Butt all joints
tightly and seal all breaks and joints by adhering a 75 mm aluminium foil vapour barrier tape
or sheet with a fire retardant adhesive.
2 Insulate flexible connections and connections to diffusers with 25 mm thick, 24 kg/m3 density
reinforced aluminium foil faced, flame resistant, flexible fibreglass insulation. Overlap onto
TC
adjacent insulation and seal with adhesive duct tape to give good closure.
3 Finish insulation on ductwork by applying a 200 g/m2 canvas cover adhered between two
AM
coats of approved fungicidal protective fire resistant lagging adhesive.
4 Bitumen based products shall not be used.
1 Unless otherwise indicated insulate supply and return ductwork with 25 mm of 35 kg/m3 non-
hygnoscopic foil faced polyisocyanurate (phenolic foam) slabs.
2 Flexible connections shall be insulated with 25 mm of 24 kg/m3 reinforced flame resistant

flexible fibreglass insulation.
3 The insulation shall be fixed by means of a non flamable adhesive recommended by the
insulation manufacturer.
4 Finish insulation on duct work by applying a 200 g/m2 canvas cloth cover adhered between
two coats of approved fungicidal protective fire resistant lagging adhesive.
7.4 EXPOSED COLD AIR DUCTS
1 For ducts exposed inside conditioned spaces, insulate as described above for concealed air
ducts but using aluminium foil faced fibre glass boards with density 48 kg/m3. Then apply a
200 g/m2 canvas cover adhered between two coats of approved fungicidal protective fire
resistant lagging adhesive.
2 Where exposed cold air ductwork runs through occupied or public areas, it shall be clad with
sheet aluminium, 0.9 mm or thicker as specified in the Project Documentation.
3 For ducts exposed in non air conditioned areas and plant rooms, insulate using the method
described for concealed ducts, but using insulation with a minimum thickness of 50 mm, 48
kg/m3 density fibreglass insulation. If necessary due to market availability, this may be
installed in two layers, but with each layers, but with each layer properly finished.
4 Finish insulation by applying a 200 g/m2 canvas cover adhered between two coats of
approved fire resistant lagging adhesive.
5 Where ducts penetrate the building shell, the duct shall be flashed and waterproofed before
any insulation is applied.
1 Exposed ductwork inside air conditioned spaces shall be insulated as described above for
concealed duct work.
2 Exposed ductwork in non-air conditioned areas, insulate using the method described for
concealed ducts but using insulation with 50 mm of 35 kg/m3 polyisocyanurate (phenolic
foam) insulation. This may be installed in two layers, but with each layer staggered and
properly finished.
TC
3 Finish insulation on duct work by applying a 200 g/m2 canvas cloth cover adhered between
two coats of approved funigicidal protective fire resistant lagging adhesive.
AM
4 The finished insulation shall then be clad with aluminium sheet 0.9 mm thick.
5 Where ducts penetrate the building the duct shall be flashed and waterproofed before any
insulation is applied.
7.4.3 External Ductwork
1 All external ductwork shall be insulated with 50 mm thick fibre glass slab.
2 The insulation shall be installed as detailed for exposed ductwork except that the insulation
shall be covered with fibre glass cloth 200 g/m2.
7.4.4 Acoustic Lining
1 Acoustic lining shall be provided when specified in the Project Documentation.
2 The lining shall be glass fibre or mineral wool slab and faced to minimise fragmentation and
fibre fly. The type and thickness of the lining shall be approved by the Engineer.
3 The ductwork shall be size to allow for the thickness of the lining.
4 The ductwork surfaces must be thoroughly cleaned and the lining fixed by an approved
adhesive over the whole area to be lined.
5 Mechanical fasteners must be used at 400 mm maximum centres and not more than 75 mm
from joints, corner breaks etc.
6 All edges shall be sealed or enclosed by a light metal section mechanical fastened to the
duct.
7 If required by the Engineer, metal mesh may be required as a precaution against

displacement or break up.
7.4.5 Circular Duct Insulation
1 Circular supply and return air ductwork shall be insulated with flexible fibre glass blanket of
density 24 kg/m3 and covered with reinforced aluminium foil
2 Blanket thickness shall be 50 mm compressed to 25 mm during installation for internal ducts

and 100 mm compressed to 50 mm for external ducts.
3 The method of installation shall be the same as for rectangular ducts.
4 Aluminium bands 25 mm wide shall be installed at 500 mm centres
5 Vapour sealing shall be carried out as specified for rectangular ducts
6 Additional protection shall be provided for exposed ducts if specified in the Project
Documentation.
7.5 EQUIPMENT INSULATION

TC
7.5.1 Refrigerant and Condensate Drain Pipe Insulation

AM
1 The pipe covering and insulation shall be manufactured by a recognised manufacturer and
shall be neatly installed to the following specification. The general intent is to provide a sealed
insulation which will not permit sweating of the pipes and which will not retain moisture to the
detriment of its insulating capability.
2 The refrigerant suction lines only shall be insulated with 19 mm thick foam rubber having a
thermal conductivity factor of 0.036 W/m2/K and a maximum water permeability of 0.09
gm/NH. Alternatively, the pipes shall be insulated with 50 mm thick rigid fibreglass insulation
and vapour sealed in the same manner as chilled water pipes as detailed in Part 5 of this
Section.
3 The material shall be supplied as pre-formed pipe sections in tubular or pre slit form.
4 The insulation shall be installed accordingly to the manufacturers recommendations using a

non-flammable adhesive.
5 All exposed insulation shall be given two coats of chlorosulphonated polyethylene paint.
6 All condensate drains within plant rooms or other internal areas subject to damage or
sweating shall be insulated using 25 mm thick rigid fibreglass or 10 mm thick foam rubber
insulation. The insulation shall be vapour sealed as for chilled water pipes as detailed in Part
5 of this Section.
7.5.2 Apparatus Casings
1 Insulate apparatus casings which are not provided with insulation as follows:
2 apply generally 50 mm of rigid polyurethane insulation, 24 kg/m3 density. On the underside of

coil sections, apply 50 mm thick polyurethane insulation, 24 kg/m3 density. All joints are to be
sealed in cold adhesive compound.
3 Ensure that any access panels are insulated to the same standard and are openable.
4 For small units, cover the entire outside assembly with waterproof self adhesive glass fibre
tape. This must be at least 75 mm minimum width and must overlap at least 50 % on each
application, to achieve watertight conditions.
5 For larger units, provide a weather resistant enclosure outside the insulation, subject to
Engineers approval.
6 Ensure that all equipment meets these requirements, regardless of manufacturers standard
practice, and add insulation as required to the above standard.
7 Where insulation, re-installation or additional insulation is required to the casing of externally

mounted air conditioning units, the insulation shall be covered with sheet Aluminium, of 0.9
mm or thicker.
TC
8 Insulation of drain pans is specified for AHU and FCU regardless of the manufacturers
standard supply, the contractor shall re-insulate on site if necessary so that the specification
AM
is complied with in full.
END OF PART
Part 08: Exhaust Fans
8 EXHAUST FANS ........................................................................................... 2

8.1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................... 2
8.1.1 Scope 2
8.1.2 References 2
8.2 EXHAUST FANS ........................................................................................... 2
8.2.1 General 2
8.2.2 Centrifugal Extract Fans 3
8.2.3 Axial Extract Fans 4
8.2.4 Roof Mounted Extract Fans 5
8.2.5 Twin Fan Toilet Extract Units 5
8.2.6 Wall and Window Mounted Extract Fans 5
8.2.7 Propeller Type Extract Fans 6
8.2.8 Kitchen and Smoke Extract Fans 6
8.2.9 Protectively Coated Extract Fans for Corrosive or Hazardous Use 6
8.2.10 Bifurcated Extract Fans 7
8.2.11 In-Line Extract Fans 7
TC
AM
8 EXHAUST FANS
8.1 GENERAL
8.1.1 Scope
1 This Part details the requirements for all types of extract fans as specified in the contract.

Section 1 General
Section 21 Electrical
8.1.2 References
1 The following Standards are referred to in this Part:

BS 848 ........................Fans for general purpose
BS 5000 ......................Rotating electrical machines of particular types or for particular
applications
8.2 EXHAUST FANS
8.2.1 General
TC
1 The make and design of the exhaust fans shall be approved by the Engineer and evidence
supporting the claimed noise efficiencies shall be submitted for approval prior to placing the
AM
order. Where fans are fitted with noise attentuators full details of the attenuators shall be
given.
2 Belt driven fans shall be fitted with pulleys suitable for V-belts. The pulleys shall be fixed by
taper lock type bushes and shall be secured to the fan and motor shaft by keys fitted into
machined keyways.
3 All fans which are to large or heavy to be man handled safety shall be provided with eyebolts
or other lifting facilities to enable mechanical lifting equipment to be used.
4 The whole fan assembly shall be fully finished against corrosion.
5 Access shall be provided to carry out all necessary maintenance required.
6 The electrical terminal box shall be located to allow for easy connection and disconnection
the electrical supply.
7 Where required suitable guards shall be installed to protect against all moving parts including
the motor.
8 All motors are to be positioned to permit effective ventilation of the motor and all components
of the fan and motor are to be suitable to withstand the temperature conditions expected.
9 All fans shall be installed to avoid vibration and noise to the ductwork or building fabric.
10 Each fan motor shall be designed to drive its respective fan when the fan is operating at a
speed or pitch angle 10 % in excess of that required to meet the fan performance.
11 Where required flexible connections shall be installed at both the inlet and outlet of each fan.
12 All extract fans shall have the direction of rotation discharge direction and arrangement to suit
the space conditions.
13 All extract fans shall be provided with an electrical isolator adjacent to the unit.
14 The fan motors shall be insulated to a minimum of a Class B insulation
15 All fans shall be capable of operating at ambient temperatures of 50 C and the casing
material shall be able to withstand sun radiation temperature upto 85 C.
16 The noise ratings for each fan shall not exceed the levels specified in the QGEWC
regulations for the area being served.
17 All fans used for life safety operations or hazardous operations shall be subject to Civil
Defence Department approval.
18 The extract fans shall be axial, centrifugal or mixed flow as detailed in the Project
Documentation.
8.2.2 Centrifugal Extract Fans
1 The centrifugal extract fans shall be of the non-overloading type.

TC
2 The fan housing shall be rigidly built and braced. Where the fan scroll is 450 mm or more in
AM
width an access door with frame and gasket shall be provided. All access doors shall be
fabricated so that the inner surface is flush with the inside of the fan scroll.
3 The fans shall not produce excessive noise as compared to units of like size and power when
used with the specified vibration isolation.
4 The fan manufacturer shall provide for approval for each fan, certified sound power ratings
with a octave band analysis and also the volume, horsepower, pressure characteristic curves
from shut-off to free delivery.
5 The fan impeller shall have ample strength and shall be statically and dynamically balanced
to avoid vibration.
6 The blades shall be designed to ensure quiet and efficient operation.
7 The fans shall be V-belt driven unless otherwise indicated.
8 The motor pulley shall be an adjustable type for two (2) grooves or less. Drives requiring
three (3) grooves or more shall be the variable pitch type.
9 Drives for fractional horsepower motors may have one belt rated at 200 % of motor
horsepower. All other fans shall have not less than two belts and shall have sufficient
capacity to drive the fan with one belt broken.
10 The fans shall be provided with belt and pulley guards manufactured of perforated metal or
other approved material. Covers shall be provided in the guard for the fan and motor shafts
for ease of taking tachometer readings without removal of the guard.
11 The fan motor shall be sized to drive its respective fan when the fan is operating at a speed
10 % in excess of that required to meet the fan performance. No motor shall operate within
the service factor.
12 All fans discharging directly up though the roof shall be equipped with a 40 mm casing drain
which shall be connected to the nearest floor drain.
13 All fans shall be factory coated with one coat of primer and one coat of machine enamel. The
interior of the fans shall be painted as per the manufacturers standard.
14 The fan shaft shall be supported by least two roller or ball bearings with easy access to the
lubrication points where required.
15 All fans scheduled to be located outdoors shall be furnished with weather proof motor and
drive housings.
8.2.3 Axial Extract Fans
1 Axial flow fans shall be capable of giving the design flow when tested to BS 848.
2 The fan casing shall be constructed of mild steel plates with angle stiffeners, with the easing
hot dip galvanised after manufacture.
3 The inlet and outlet of the axial flow fans shall be flanged for connection to the system.
TC
4 The casing shall cover both impeller and motor so that the fan can be removed without
disturbing adjacent ductwork or other components of the system.
AM
5 A flame proof external terminal box shall be fitted on the casing.
6 All lubrication points shall be extended to outside the casing and in a position that will permit
easy access.
7 The impellers shall be die cast in aluminium and x-rayed after manufacture.
8 The impeller shall be capable of running continuously at 20 % in excess of the rated speed.
9 The impeller shall be keyed and locked to the shaft, which shall be statically and dynamically
balanced and tested at over speed prior to dispatch from the manufacturers works.
10 The blade angle shall be adjustable over at least a 30 range with markings at the base to
indicate the blade angle.
11 All motors are to be positioned to permit effective ventilation of the motor and all components
parts of the fan and motor are to be suitable to withstand the temperature conditions
expected.
12 A suitable support is to be provided for each fan. The frame is to be fabricated from rolled
steel channel with adequate cross members for bolting the fan in position.
13 Anti-vibration mountings and flexible connection shall be provide to isolate the fans from the
adjacent ductwork and building fabric.
8.2.4 Roof Mounted Extract Fans
1 The roof mounted extract fans shall meet the appropriate requirements as detailed in the
general section.
2 The cowls and bases shall be of a weather proof material such as galvanised after
manufacture, aluminium, aluminium magnesium alloy or glass fibre.
3 Cases shall be formed so as to ensure a weather proof fitting.
4 Provision for access to the fan components shall be provided.
5 The fans shall be provided with back draught dampers and/or fire release dampers where
indicated.
6 Bird guards of not greater than 25 mm mesh shall be provided as an integral part of the unit.
7 The fans shall be mounted on a weather proof curb at least 200 mm above the finished roof
level.
8.2.5 Twin Fan Toilet Extract Units
1 The unit casing shall be manufactured in epoxy coated aluminium alloy and shall house the
twin fan assemblies.
TC
2 Each fan shall be a double inlet forward curved centrifugal impeller running in an individual
scroll.
AM
3 The impeller may be either direct driven or belt driven depending upon the fan duty.
4 Direct driven fans shall incorporate a volume control damper on the suction side to regulate
the volume to the required duty.
5 The motors shall be manufactured to BS 5000 TEFV type with sealed for life bearings.
6 The fans shall be fitted with air flow sensors and shall discharge into a common plenum
through a linked shutter system.
7 Motors and flow sensors shall be pre-wired to a fitted isolator accessible from outside the
unit.
8 The toilet extract units shall be supplied for either roof mounting duct mounting or installation
within a plant room as indicated on the drawings.
9 The toilet extract units shall be supplied with auto change over panels with duty/standby
selector switch, run/fail indication lamps and cyclic relay for duty sharing.
8.2.6 Wall and Window Mounted Extract Fans
1 Extract fan shall be of the propeller type suitable for wall/window mounting.
2 The fan construction shall be of moulded plastic

3 Motors shall be of the shaded pole induction type enclosed in an aluminium alloy case and
protected by a thermal over load cut out.
4 The motor bearings shall be self alignment sealed for life type.
5 The fans shall be provided with a solenoid operated back draught shutters. The solenoid
shall open and close the back draught damper silently as the fan is switched ON and OFF.
8.2.7 Propeller Type Extract Fans
1 The impeller shall be of steel or aluminium and the blades shall be fixed to the hub or the
blades and hub shall be formed in one piece.
2 The bearings shall be ball, roller or sleeve type sealed for life or with accessible lubrication
points.
3 The propeller fans may be ring mounted diaphragm mounted or diaphragm mounted in a
casing. The casing shall be longer than the length of the motor and fan.
4 The casing shall be of steel construction with flanged ends and shall incorporate an
inspection door.
5 The terminal box shall be mounted externally on the casing.

TC
6 The tip speed of the fans shall not exceed 20 m/s.
7 Inlet and outlet grilles shall be installed on the fans incorporating gravity back draught
AM
damper.
8.2.8 Kitchen and Smoke Extract Fans
1 The fans shall be especially designed for smoke and kitchen extract
2 The fans can be either belt or direct driven with the motor fixed on resilent mountings outside
the air stream.
3 Kitchen extract fans shall be fitted with a housing drain and grease trap easily removable for
cleaning.
4 The fans shall be suitable for removal of smoke and grease laden vapours.
8.2.9 Protectively Coated Extract Fans for Corrosive or Hazardous Use
1 Where the fans are required to handle corrosive toxic flammable explosive or high
temperature gases the materials and construction shall be required to suit the application and
all relevant safety regulations shall apply.
2 Bearing and lubrication arrangements shall be suitable for the conditions expected.
3 Where protective coating is required to use with corrosive gases the coating shall cover al
parts of the complete fan, motor and casing assembly which will be in contact with the
corrosive gases.
4 No fan shall be installed if the protective coating has been damaged in any way.
5 The impeller casing shall be as specified in the Project Documentation.
6 All fans shall be subject to Civil Defence Department approval.
7 The fan motors for hazardous use or required to handle flammable or explosive gases shall
be flame proof.
8.2.10 Bifurcated Extract Fans
1 Bifurcated extract fans shall be axial type fans.
2 The motor shall be completely out of this air stream.
3 The motor may be placed between the two halves of the casing in the external air or may be
placed within the casing provided that effective ventilation is given to the motor.
4 The fan motor and bearings shall be suitably rated for operation at the temperature they may
experience.
5 The fan construction and installation shall be specified for axial extract fans in Clause 8.2.3 of
this Part.
8.2.11 In-Line Extract Fans

TC
1 In-line extract fans shall be centrifugal, axial or mixed flow type fans as detailed in Project
Documentation.
AM
2 The construction and installation shall be as specified
(a) centrifugal fans Clause 8.2.2

(b) axial/mixed flow Clause 8.2.3.
3 The casing shall be rigidly constructed of mild steel or aluminum alloy and shall be stiffened
and braced to obviate drumming and vibration.
4 Mounting feet shall be provided for bottling to a base or supports.
5 The inlet and outlet shall terminate with flanges to facilitate installation and removal.
6 Access panels shall be provided and shall be sized to facilitate maintenance.
END OF PART
Part 09: Accessories
9 ACCESSORIES ............................................................................................. 2
9.1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................... 2
9.1.1 Scope 2
9.2 SOUND AND VIBRATION CONTROL EQUIPMENT .................................... 2
9.2.1 General 2
9.2.2 Silencers 2
9.2.3 Anti-Vibration Mountings 3
9.2.4 Resilient Hangers 3
9.2.5 Rubber or Neoprene Mounts 4
9.2.6 Concrete Inertia Base 4
9.2.7 Plate Bases 4
9.2.8 Acoustic Louvers 5
9.3 INSTRUMENTS AND GAUGES .................................................................... 5
9.3.1 Pressure Gauges 5
9.3.2 Thermometers 6
9.3.3 Dial Type Thermometer 6
9.3.4 Manometers 6
TC
9.4 CONTROL SYSTEMS ................................................................................... 7

9.4.1 General 7
AM
9.4.2 Temperature Humidity Sensor and Controller 8

9.4.3 Control Valves 10
9.4.4 Motorized Control Dampers 10
9.4.5 Step Controllers 11
9.4.6 Standard Control Interlocks 11
9.4.7 Control System Conduits and Wiring 12
9.4.8 Start up and Commissioning 12
9.4.9 Guarantee 12
9.5 CHILLED WATER TREATMENTS .............................................................. 13
9.5.2 Start up Chemicals 13
9 ACCESSORIES
9.1 GENERAL
9.1.1 Scope
1 This Part details the requirements for accessories that are to be included as specified in the
Project Documentation.
2 Related Sections and parts are as follows:

This Section
Part 5 Chilled Water Pipework
Section 1 General
Section 10 Instrumentation control and Automation
Section 21 Electrical Works
9.2 SOUND AND VIBRATION CONTROL EQUIPMENT
9.2.1 General
1 The noise produced by the installation in the spaces served, in adjacent buildings and in the
TC
open air surrounding plant rooms shall be kept as low as possible. This shall be specially
considered in the selection of fans (including those for condensers and cooling towers),
AM
motors fan coil units and terminal units, grilles and diffusers and the internal finish and
arrangements distribution ducting.
2 All plant and equipment shall be isolated in such a manner that noise and vibration is not
transmitted through the structure.
3 Anti vibration equipment will be manufactured by a specialist company acceptable to the

Engineer with standard ratings information available.
4 All necessary provisions shall be included to reduce the noise level of all plan and equipment
to the required level detailed in the QGEWC regulations.
9.2.2 Silencers
1 All silencers shall be fitted with drilled angle flanges to suit the adjacent plant.
2 The method of installing the acoustic elements in the casing shall not cause air leaks.
3 The acoustic elements shall incorporate full aerodynamic leading and trailing edges (not
square ends).
4 The acoustic material installed in the element shall be inert, rot and vermin proof, non-
hygnoscopic, non-combustible mineral wool or glass fibre acoustic medium.
3
5 The acoustic material shall be packed to a density of not less that 48 Kg/m and retained by a
perforated steel sheet facing and fine membrane to stop the acoustic material contaminating
the system air.
6 Where required for water or grease laden duties an imperious but acoustically transparent
membrane shall be fitted behind the perforated metal facing.
7 The silencer units shall be delivered to site with blocked ends to prevent the ingress of debris
during installation and storage to reduce the risk of damage.
8 The silencers shall be constructed of heavy gauge steel and shall match the adjacent
ductwork. Galvanized silencers shall not be used in stainless steel ductwork etc.
9 The silencers shall be factory manufactured and technical data submitted and approved in
advance of ordering the units. The technical data shall include both the acoustic and
aerodynamic performance.
10 Where a silencer is made under licence or part assembled locally, tests must be made after
assembly and witnessed by an independent authority.
11 The static pressure loss of all silencers required shall be considered in all handling
equipment original selection.
9.2.3 Anti-Vibration Mountings
1 All dynamic machinery shall be isolated from the building structure by vibration isolators
and/or vibration isolation materials which shall be specifically designed and selected to suit
the machinery for which it is to be used.
TC
2 Spring anti-vibration mounts.

AM
(a) each mounting shall consist of a telescopic top and bottom housing containing one or
more helical steel springs of 50 mm minimum diameter as the principle isolation
elements
(b) the bottom plate shall be fitted with a 6 mm thick neoprene pad bonded to it to reduce
high frequency flaming
(c) when used with equipment having a fluid weight in excess of 25 % of the total empty
equipment weight a suitable hold down or restrained shall be incorporated
(d) the mounting shall incorporate a built in levelling device and resilient inserts as guides
for the upper and lower housings.
(e) all spring mounts shall be designed such that the lateral spring stiffness is equal to the
vertical stiffness
(f) the spring mounts shall be selected for all items of plant with stiffness to cater for any
eccentric weight distribution over the unit base
(g) an equal static deflection shall be provided on all mounts to avoid the possibility of
flanking caused by the plant tilting and rendering one or more of the mounts solid.
9.2.4 Resilient Hangers
1 Resilient hangers shall be of the two element design with helical spring and neoprene in -
shear element.
2 The elements shall be mounted in a steel section pre-drilled and tapped at the top and
bottom to receive threaded hanger rod.
3 The resilient hanger shall be located so that they are vertical.

9.2.5 Rubber or Neoprene Mounts
1 The mounts shall consist of a steel top plate and base plate completely embedded in colour
coded neoprene for easy identification of rated load capacity.
2 The mountings shall be moulded with non-skid ribbed construction on the top plate and base
plate.
3 The mountings shall be equipped with bolt holes in the base plate and tapped holes in the top
plate so that they can be bolted to the floor and equipment when required.
4 Plant and equipment as detailed in the QGEWC regulations shall be installed on anti-
vibration units in the form of multi-layer rubber pads.
5 Multi-layer pads shall compose of rubber sheets with square grid pattern on both sides and
steel insert sheets of 1.4 mm. The composite pad thickness shall be selected the suit the
equipment but shall not be less than 32 mm.
9.2.6 Concrete Inertia Base
1 The concrete inertia base shall be constructed of an all welded steel framework.
2 Height saving brackets shall be welded to the framework to install the anti-vibration mounts.
TC
3 The frame depth shall be approximately 1 the longest dimension of the equipment, with a
minimum depth of 150 mm.
AM
3
4 The bottom of the frame shall be blanked off and concrete (2,300 kg/m ) poured over steel
reinforcing rods positioned 35 mm above the bottom.
5 The total weight of the base shall be at least 1.5 times the total equipment weight.
6 Concrete inertia bases for split case pumps shall be extended in width to allow for provision
of supports for suction and discharge elbows.
7 When complete with the equipment installed checks shall be carried out to ensure that a
positive air gap is present between the inertia base and floor.
9.2.7 Plate Bases
1 Where required equipment shall be mounted on anti-vibration rails or steel plant bases.
2 The anti-vibration rail shall comprise of steel beam with height saving brackets at each end.
3 The steel plant bases shall comprise of an all welded steel framework to support the
equipment. This may form a composite A.V. rail.
4 The A.V. rails or steel plant bases shall be sufficiently rigid to provide adequate support for
the equipment and prevent undue strain on the equipment.
9.2.8 Acoustic Louvers
1 All acoustic louvers shall be designed to reduce the airborne noise of plant down to minimum
ambient levels with an air velocity not exceeding 3.0 m/s.
2 The louver aerofoils shall be constructed of perforated galvanized mild steel sheet and
packed with a fibre acoustic medium as specified for silencers.
3 The complete unit shall be supplied complete or in sections with a galvanized mesh bird
screen.
4 The unit shall be provided with all necessary fixing holes and lugs for location within a
builders work frame.
5 The external finish of the unit shall be approved by the architect to match other finishes.
9.3 INSTRUMENTS AND GAUGES
9.3.1 Pressure Gauges
1 The pressure gauges shall be 100 mm diameter stainless steel case with black figures on a
white background. The movement shall be stainless steel or phosphor bronze with rotary type
movement and bourdon tube.
TC
2 Where the line size is 100 mm or less the gauge is to be installed into a T-branch with
reduces. For pipe sizes above 100 mm a threadolet weld on connection may be used
AM
subject to proper procedures and requirements of the Clause 1.1.17 of Part 1 of this Section.
3 The gauges shall be mounted using a mild steel syphon and brass gauge cock.
4 The range of the gauges shall be selected such that the operating point is almost midway of
the selected range.
5 Where gauges are to be mounted separate from the equipment to which they relate a gauge
board shall be used. The gauges shall be fixed to resiliently mounted gauge boards with each
gauge identified by a permanently fixed label
6 Where pressure gauges are mounted on the suction and discharge of pumps the gauges
shall be connected to the tappings on the pumps when provided.
7 Pressure gauges shall be installed to monitor the pressure at the following locations.
(a) pump suction and discharge

(b) chiller flow and return connections
(c) AHU flow and return connection
(d) heat exchange flow and return connections.
9.3.2 Thermometers
1 Wet service thermometers shall be straight shank coloured mercury filled insertion type.
They shall have a stem length of 80 mm and a scale length of 225 mm, and the capability of
adjusting the angle of the scale to the stem. Copper or brass separable well shall be provided
for each thermometer.
2 Air service thermometers shall be straight shank coloured mercury filled insertion type. They
shall have a stem length of 150 mm and scale length of 225 mm, and the capability of
adjusting the angle of the scale to the stem.
3 The thermometers shall be graduated in C with 2 C divisions.
4 Where the temperature of equipment is to be monitored remotely, remote reading vapour

actuated thermometers shall be used. The thermometer shall have a stainless steel case and
phosphor bronze movement with 100 mm dial diameters with flush type back outlet. The
connecting tube shall be double braided bronze armour over a copper capillary and copper
bulb.
5 Where thermometers are to be mounted separate from the equipment to which they relate a
gauge board shall be used. The gauges shall be fixed to resilient mounted gauge boards with
each gauge identified by a permanently fixed label.
TC
6 Thermometers shall be installed to monitor the temperature at the following locations:
(a) chiller flow and return connections

AM
(b) AHU flow and return connections

(c) heat exchangers flow and return connections.
9.3.3 Dial Type Thermometer
1 The thermometers shall be 100 mm diameter vapour pressure type.
2 The casing and movement shall be non-ferrous material
3 The dial shall be white with black numbering
4 Dial type thermometers shall be installed as indicated in the Project Documentation.
9.3.4 Manometers
1 Incline or vertical manometers shall be plastic or metal construction. They shall be filled with
coloured fluid to indicate the pressure being measured and have a zero adjustment for
calibration.
2 The manometer shall be suitably sized for the pressures to be monitored.
3 The manometers shall be located in an accessible position so that the pressure can be
recorded.
4 The tubing shall be neatly fixed and protected from damage when required.
5 Manometers shall be installed across all filters and the clean and dirty pressures shall be
clearly identified.
9.4 CONTROL SYSTEMS
9.4.1 General
1 The Contractor shall include in his tender for an Automatic Control System to be supplied and
engineered by a specialist controls supplier (SCS). In his choice of SCS, the Contractor must
ensure that all systems to be supplied are fully and exactly compatible with the Project
Documentation. The SCS shall be responsible for the entire control system. He shall allow for
the supply, installation and commissioning of all items and materials necessary to achieve
the control functions defined in this section and elsewhere in the Project Documentation.
Subject to the Consultant's approval, control systems may also be supplied by the
manufacturer of the equipment being controlled. Such manufacturer will be subject to the
same terms and conditions as the SCS.
2 The SCS, as a specialist, will be aware of, and will include for any special services or
conditions arising from any equipment to be supplied by the Contractor, whether the originally
specified item or any proposed and approved alternate.
3 When the SCS staff are on site they shall work in close harmony with all other trades and
shall assist other Subcontractors in works associated with the overall control system
installation.
4 The SCS shall include in his costs for the preparation of all drawings, manuals, record
TC
drawings and labels as specified. He shall allow for the regular attendance on site of a
qualified Engineer to provide technical liaison during the currency of the installation and
ensure complete testing, commissioning, cleaning, making good and handing over of the
AM
works as detailed in this section.
5 The entire control system shall be complete with all necessary control devices, thermostats,
valves, motors, relays, switches, dampers, panels, low voltage wiring, electronic components,
etc., to provide the functions as described in this specification, or required, whether
specifically mentioned or not. All controls shall be the product of one manufacturer, unless
otherwise approved in advance.
6 The control system shall be installed or supervised complete in all respects by competent
mechanics, regularly employed by the manufacturer of the control system.
7 All automatic control valves and dampers shall be manufactured by the control manufacturer
or as otherwise specified and shall be installed in pipelines and ducts by the respective trade
under the supervision of the control manufacturer. All electric wiring in connection with the
control system shall be installed as hereinafter detailed.
8 Complete drawings shall be submitted to the Consultant for approval before any field
installation is started. Such drawings shall give complete descriptions of all control elements
and shall show complete schematic wiring diagrams including functional description.
Drawing shall indicate specifically the type of finish of all room exposed controls, and such
finish shall be subject to the Consultant's approval.
9 Any descriptive parts of this specification shall be considered complimentary to detail

requirements for types of equipment. Any quantities noted are approximate and must be
measured by the Contractor before bidding.
10 Verification systems shall be interlocked with the fire alarm system as specified and as
required by the Local Authority and all necessary control and interfacing devices shall be
provided after fully co-ordination with fire alarm system controls.
11 Automatic control systems may be of the electromechanical or electronic type as described in

the Project Documentation. Unless otherwise specified control systems shall be energised as
follows:
(a) electric Control Systems 110 or 240 volts.

(b) electronic Control Systems - Standard 24 volts
The installation may be a single system or a combination of systems.

12 All control equipment including all control valves, dampers and actuators shall be selected
sized and rated to suit the application and operating conditions of the systems in which they
are installed to provide stable and repeatable performance of the systems being controlled.
13 All items of control equipment shall be compatible within any system, between systems and
with controlled equipment.
14 All items of control equipment shall be sited such that access for adjustment and
maintenance purposes is not impeded. However, where items of control equipment are
mounted in accessible positions within normally occupied area, the control items shall be
provided with secure tamper proof enclosures to prevent unauthorised interference.
TC
15 Control system shall be arranged such that, in the event of electrical power failure or other
AM
abnormal operating conditions, inherent fail-safe features are provided to equipment and
systems to prevent potentially hazardous conditions arising.
16 The sensitivity of sensors and the speed for response of actuators shall be selected for
complete compatibility with the system application requirements.
17 All control components shall be of high quality, low risk rate and of long term reliability for
both continuous and intermittent use and shall maintain accuracy and high repeatability of
commissioned performance.
18 Where equipment requires less than 240 volts supply, all necessary voltage transformers
shall be provided either separately or integrated with the various packaged equipment.
Equipment requiring DC supply shall be provided with all current rectifiers and shall be
suitable for the connected loads.
19 All controls shall be compatible with the existing building management systems when the
system is an extension of an existing system.
9.4.2 Temperature Humidity Sensor and Controller
1 All temperature sensors shall be semiconductor type with NTC sensing element and shall
have suitable range of operation i.e. 0 to 30C. 20 to 105C. etc. The housing shall be plug-in
type with terminals on the base plate enabling the wiring without disturbing the sensor. The
sensor shall be field wired using a unscreened cable to a base plate.
2 The temperature sensor shall have a tolerance of + 1C and a fast response time.
3 Elements sensing liquid temperature in pipework shall be:
(a) provided with means for withdrawal for calibration, servicing etc., without the need for
draining the system
(b) positioned so that the active part of the element is wholly within the liquid;
(c) positioned so that the element is not less than 12 pipe diameters downstream from a
point of mixing.
4 Elements sensing the temperature of air in a duct shall be positioned so that:
(a) the element is not subject to radiation

(b) account is taken of temperature stratification, (i.e. positioning for high temperature limit
sensing, positioning for average temperature sensing)
(c) if of the capillary averaging type, it is installed on a suitable framework and is suitably
arranged for servicing
(d) if used for determining the dew point and the air adjacent to the element is known to be
saturated within acceptable limits, the construction and material of the element shall be
compatible for use in moist air.
5 Elements sensing the temperature of a solid surface shall be positioned and fixed so as to
give good thermal contact.
TC
6 The precise location of site elements sensing the temperature of a room or other such space
in a representative position shall be approved by the Engineer.
AM
(a) where indicated it shall be at a height of approximately 1.7 m above floor level (when
fitted in a room);
(b) in the return air path where indicated.
7 Room thermostats for FCU shall include a temperature set point with a remote sensor
installed in return air duct work or as an integral part of the controller as specified a 3 speed
switch for fan speed control and a fan-off-cool switch.
8 Humidity sensing element positions shall be:
(a) representative of the space in which the humidity is being measured

(b) such that the air velocity is within the range required by the sensing element
(c) arranged to ensure that the air reaching the elements is free from airborne
contaminations.
9 Basically all sensing elements shall be correctly located strictly in accordance with the
manufacturer as recommendations.
10 All controllers shall be fully proportional type with proportional band of upto 10 C. The dead
zone between the stages shall be adjustable upto + 5 C. The controllers shall be of plug in
type construction and shall be designed for removal from the pre-wired bases without
disturbing the wiring. The electronic circuit shall amplify the deviation of the sensor signal
from the setpoint on the controller to produce a fully proportional signal to modulate the
controlled device such as three (3) way control valve etc.
9.4.3 Control Valves
1 All control valves shall be selected and sized by the controls equipment manufacturer and
shall be suitable for the systems application and operating conditions.
2 Unless otherwise stated valves shall be of the modulating type with adequate rangeability,
having equal percentage or power linear characteristics.
3 Valves shall be provided with the following minimum valve lifts:
(a) valves up to 25 mm in size shall have a minimum lift of 8 mm

(b) valves of 32 to 50 mm in size shall have a minimum lift of 12 mm
(c) valves up to 65 mm in size shall have a minimum lift of 20 mm
4 Valve authorities shall generally be in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 but compatible with economic
valve pressure drops sufficient to provide adequate control without promoting cavitation.
5 Actuators on all valve shall be capable of opening and closing the valves against the
maximum system operating pressures,
6 All valves, other than on terminal units such as fan coil units shall be provided with external
position indicators. They shall be complete with actuators, mounting brackets and all
necessary auxiliary switches.
TC
7 Seats and stems shall be removable and of stainless steel, except where alternative seating
material is necessary to provide tight shut-off.
AM
8 Valves upto 50 mm shall be of bronze bodies construction with stainless steel trim.
9 Valves of 65 mm size and above shall be of cast/nodular iron or steel bodies construction as
suitable for the pressure and temperature conditions having stainless steel trim.
10 The copper content of alloy valves shall be as high as possible to avoid dezincification.
11 All valves shall be embossed with the manufacturers logo, valve size and direction of flow.
12 Valves, shall be provided with clutch or lifting mechanism to enable valves to be controlled
manually in the event of power source failure.
13 Unless otherwise specified, control valve actuators for chilled water coils shall be fitted with
spring returns to the safe position on failure of electrical supply, to provide necessary plant
protection shut-off or relief conditions to systems or equipment.
9.4.4 Motorized Control Dampers
1 Control dampers and actuators shall be selected and sized to provide the desired power and
performance characteristic in accordance with the control equipment manufacturers
recommendations,
2 All damper shall be provided with a heavy duty and rigid mounting bracket and all necessary
auxiliary switches.
3 Mixing and volume control dampers shall be of the modulating type.
(a) actuators shall be provided with spring returns where they are specified to open or
close on power failure
(b) all fresh air dampers shall close on power failure of emergency and normal plant shut
down
(c) all actuators shall be provided with position and direction indicators.
4 Mixing and throttling dampers shall be sized to provide adequate control over the full
movement of the dampers, giving near linear characteristics without incurring high pressure
drops which should not exceed 10 % of the controlled circuit pressure drop when fully open.
5 Rotation angle of the damper motor spindle shall where possible correspond with the
required operating angle of the damper to which it is connected.
9.4.5 Step Controllers
1 Step controllers shall have adjustable differential and time delay between operations of each
step and speed of loading and unloading. Each stage shall operate in sequence. The
controllers shall be capable of interlocking with each other for series operation from the same
sensor output.
2 The controllers shall recycle to ensure that on normal shut-down, power failure or manual
TC
interruption of the power supply, the controllers recycle to the "off' position before
reenergising the controlled circuits.
AM
3 All contacts shall be suitably rated for the imposed load or loads
4 Where used to control electric air heaters, step controllers shall be arranged to switch the
heaters on in three phase balanced stages not exceeding 9.0 kW per three-phase stage
except that stages up to 3 kW may be single phase, providing the supply air temperature
does not vary by more than 4 C. per stage. A time delay of not less than five seconds shall
precede each stage after the first on loading heaters.
5 Switching condition shall be indicated by lamps on the front face of the controller.
9.4.6 Standard Control Interlocks
1 Unless otherwise specified the following equipment interlocks shall be provided:
(a) provide timers in the control circuits of all pumps to enable the pumps to continue to
run for a period after such-down of cooling plant
(b) on plant start up and shut down operation, control circuits shall be arranged for
staggered switching of motors to avoid simultaneous large electrical loads being
imposed on the power cabling and power plants
(c) under normal operating conditions, the extract fan starters shall be interlocked with
their respective supply fan starters and stop locks
(d) humidifiers and electric heater batteries shall be interlocked with their associated
supply air fan to shut down the humidifier and electric heater battery when the supply
fan stops, or on power failure
(e) fresh air inlet and discharge dampers shall close on normal plant shut down and power
failure. Operation from smoke detectors shall be as specifically required by the local
authority or as per the dictable of the fire alarm and control system
(f) on full fresh air plants the air inlet dampers shall open before the fan can operate, by
use of damper motor end switches
(g) where duty and stand-by pumps are provided, the selected duty pump shall start and
operate as required. Should the duty pump fail to start, a fault alarm shall be given
and the stand-by pump, after a pre-set period, shall operate. The same automatic
change-over sequence shall apply should a pump fail during normal running
(h) when electric heating batteries and cooling coils are to be operated in sequence a
dead zone shall be provided between each sequence
(i) all chilled water valves shall close on all plant shut down conditions unless otherwise
stated.
9.4.7 Control System Conduits and Wiring
1 Wherever possible conduits are to run in poured concrete from control points to equipment
locations. Terminations at both ends are to be standard electrical junction boxes. All conduit
work will be done in accordance with the relevant provisions of Section 21, Electrical Works,
and shall be undertaken by the Electrical subcontractor, In the event that conduit work is not
undertaken at the time of concrete pouring, then the specified conduit shall be used and run
on the surface, except in areas where surface conduit would be unacceptable to the
TC
Consultant.
AM
2 Wiring shall be done in accordance with the relevant provisions of Section 21, Electrical
2
Works, with the minimum wire size of 0.8 mm with an outer metal screen for extra low
2
voltage systems and 1.5 mm for line voltage systems. In any event all wire sizes shall be
calculated to ensure proper voltage conservation up to actuator points.
3 Wiring shall be the responsibility of the specialist control supplier (SCS) but may be done by
the Electrical subcontractor under the supervision of the SCS.
9.4.8 Start up and Commissioning
1 After completion of the control system installation, the control supplier shall regulate and
adjust all thermostats, control valves, damper motors, etc., and place them in complete
working order subject to the approval of the Consultant.
2 Complete instructions shall be given to the operating personnel. Such instructions shall be
exclusive of the time required for regulating and adjusting.
9.4.9 Guarantee
1 The control system herein specified shall be free from defects and workmanship and material
under normal use and service. If within 400 days from the date of practical completion
certificate any equipment herein described is proved to be defective in workmanship or
material, it shall be adjusted, repaired or replaced free of charge.
2 The SCS further guarantees that all components used on the project are State-of-the-Art
components and that parts and service, etc., will be fully available for them for a period of at
least 10 years after the date of acceptance. In the event of non-availability at any time in this
period, the SCS is to replace the particular class of item with a similar functional item for
which spares, service, etc., are available.
9.5 CHILLED WATER TREATMENTS
1 The chilled water system shall be prepared as detailed in Part 5, Chilled Water Pipework.
The system will then be further treated.
2 Prior to testing and commissioning, the Engineer shall be provided with a water conditioning
programme, to control water quality. Cleaning shall be supervised, and programme of
conditioning administered by the conditioning company.
3 For pre-commission cleaning, the system shall be dosed with the prescribed amount of the
non-acid cleaning agent and a surfactant as advised by the company supplying the chemicals
4 The cleaning agent shall be run into the system and retained for a period of 72 hours or more
as advised by the company supplying the cleaning agent. At the end of this period the system
shall be drained and flushed with clean water.
5 All strainers and trapping points shall be inspected, and any debris removed while the
TC
chemicals are being circulated.
6 System shall be refilled with clean water, re-circulated or run through for a further four hours,
AM
and again drained and flushed. The flushing shall continue till the effluent is clear,
colourless, odourless, free from suspended solids and such that the iron level is not more
than 10 ppm and the conductivity is no more than the make up water.
7 Upon completion of flushing all strainers shall be inspected and any debris removed.
8 The system shall be refilled with clean water and a specified amount of inhibitor added.
9 The Contractor shall arrange for an analysis of the system's water after the cleaning
operation, and shall submit a report to the Engineer.
9.5.2 Start up Chemicals
1 The supply of all chemicals for system start up shall be the scope of this Contract.
Chemicals sufficient for contractual maintenance period shall be arranged by the Contractor.
END OF PART

Air Conditioning Section Details Scope and Standards

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Air Conditioning Section Details Scope and Standards

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

QCS 2014 Section 22: Air Conditioning, Refrigeration and Ventilation Page 1

Par 01: General

1.1.14 Access Panels and Doors 9

1.1.16 General Welding Requirements 10

2 Related Sections are as follows:

1 The following standards are referred to in this Part:

testing air cleaning devices

BS 1710 ......................Identification of building services pipework

1.1.3 Standard of Work

3 All equipment and apparatus, which requires maintenance, adjustment or eventual

1.1.4 Data to be Supplied with Tender

1.1.5 Practical Completion Certificate

1.1.6 Air Conditioning Subcontractor

(a) air conditioning and ventilation plant and equipment.

during the maintenance period.

1.1.7 Design Data

1 Design parameters. Design, in general, shall be based on ASHRAE recommendation in

General Office 40-45 35-40

Mosque 35-40 30-35

Manned Control rooms 40-45 35-40

(a) maximum daily average ambient temperature of 50 C

1 Each item of equipment shall be located so as to be accessible for maintenance or repair

1.1.12 Cutting and Patching

1.1.13 Inserts, Sleeves, Escutcheons and Curbs.

6 The following materials shall be used for pipe sleeves:

silicone based sealant.

pouring of concrete and other work.

1.1.14 Access Panels and Doors

4 Proper fire rating of access doors shall be ensured in fire separations.

6 Pipes through waterproof floors shall be flashed as per approved details.

1.1.16 General Welding Requirements

must be supplied by the Contractor.

1.1.17 Testing for Welder Qualification

3 The detailed requirements concerning testing shall be as follows:

1.1.19 Painting, Tags, Name Plate Identification and Colour Coding

3 The following items do not require site painting:

(a) Insulation having any of the following finishes:

identification and flow arrows located.

(a) behind each access door

(b) at each change of direction on all joining pipes and ducts

7 PVC tape identifying bands will not be accepted.

1.1.20 Contract Drawings

1.1.21 Construction Drawings

2 Composite construction drawings shall be prepared of piping and equipment in tunnels,

drawings will be indicated to the Contractor in advance by the Engineer.

1.1.22 Shop Drawings

1.1.23 Record Drawings

1.1.24 Storage of Materials and Equipment

1.1.25 Inspection of Material Prior to Installation

1 The following shall be inspected prior to Installation:

1.1.26 Inspection, Testing and Adjusting

(a) name of instrument manufacturer

(a) electronic anemometer

(c) pitot tubes of various lengths

(e) weekly recording thermometers

(a) apparatus or section under test

No test shall be valid until the test certificate is provided.

4 Manufacturers of specialist subcontractors representatives shall attend where specifically

sections have been fully examined as required by the test.

1.1.28 Instructions for Operation and Routine Maintenance

3 Equipment shall be rejected unless accompanies by instructions. Such documents must be

(a) list of all equipment installed