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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1. GENERAL
The primary objective of the project, electrical system design, estimation and
costing of proposed IT Company at Trivandrum. This involves the study of
Architectural Plans, Electrical Equipments, Statutory requirements, Functional
requirements of the building and so on.
For all building construction or remodelling of projects, the owner or occupant
must first have a concept for the new design, and then the architect or designer
can produce a set of building plans. These plans convey all the required
information to the local inspection authority and associated building trades so that
the construction or remodelling could take place. Therefore, the first step in the
project is to obtain and study the civil design. Since commercial and industrial
buildings contain a number of electrical systems, these plans include specific
electrical designs and additional documentation to verify that the design conforms
to all required building codes. The calculation of total connected load is also an
important step to be completed before designing the system. After the calculation
of the load, the design process can be started. An electrical design goes through
several important stages.
First, designer must understand the scope of the project, which is determined
by the consumers requirements and the type of the structure. Then the designer
defines and designs each component to recognized industry standards. Finally,
these individual components are combined to form the final presentation for the
design.
Depending on the overall scope of the project, a design can include the
following components:
i. General electrical requirements: It should be defined first on any
electrical design project. General electrical requirements are purpose
receptacle outlets throughout the commercial or industrial building.
ii. Specialised Electrical Equipments: certain projects may include
specialised electrical equipment that requires separate or dedicated
electrical circuitry that serves only the specialized equipments

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iii. Lighting systems: Because of their complexity, lighting systems are the
part of the design process that generally requires the greatest amount of
time to develop. These lighting systems include all the lighting fixtures
and their controls.
The final step, after the design of the building, is the submission of the
authorities which they could make use of as the system is designed to provide the
best environmental solutions to the requirements of the client with regards to best
practise and sustainability and the use of best available technologies also reduces
the losses to a large extent.

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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

The project comprises of a High Rise Building at Kazhakkoottam,


Trivandrum District and is being constructed by the vettor constructions. The site is
situated in the outskirts of kazhakkoottam, Trivanrdum District with tropical climate
signified by annual rainfall and humidity, high day temperature etc. Minimum
temperatures during hot seasons can go up to 35deg.C. Humidity can reach an RH
value of 98 in rainy seasons.

The firm is situated at the eleventh floor (11000sqm) of the building. This
floor may consisting of equipments and devices like servers, computers, pantry, light
fittings, air conditioning systems etc...& this floor mainly consisting of HR room,
working room, reception, electrical room, conference room etc...

The electrical supply to this floor has given through rise mains. Earthing is
also provided with this rise mains. But dedicated earthing has to be given for
electronic equipments.

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Fig 1: architectural plan of the Firm

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CHAPTER 3

ELECTRICAL LOAD CALCULATION

The total require load that is calculated roughly is called the load estimation.
The load can be estimated in two ways, by using rough estimation where the
relvantdata are unavailable and by perfect estimation from design specification.

3.1 UPS LOADS

Assuming that the availability determination in the needs assessment,


explained above, requires the inclusion of UPS power (in almost all cases this is
true), the total electrical load power must include a factor for the inefficiency of the
UPS system as well as the additional power required for battery charging.

UPS efficiency varies between product models and varies dramatically


depending on the loading of the UPS. UPS are rarely run at the operating points
where their advertised efficiency is provided. A realistic and sufficiently accurate
value for UPS efficiency in a typical installation is 88%.

Battery charging is a significant but intermittent power consumer. Under


normal operation with a charged battery the battery charging load is negligible.
However, when a battery has been partially or completely discharged the battery
charging power can be on the order of 20% of the rated UPS load. Although this load
only rarely occurs, the generator and service entrance must be sized for this load.

3.2 LIGHTING LOADS


Lighting loads account for all the lighting in the data center portion of the
building and are a function of the data center floor area. A good rule of thumb for this
type of load is 2 watts per square foot or 21.5 watts per square meter.

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3.3 RAW AC TOTAL LOAD

It consist of power loads: power loads of floor consist of 16/20/30 ampere


sockets, air handling units in case of floor with air conditioning.

3.4 AC TOTAL LOAD

Cooling systems vary widely in efficiency but can be broken down into chilled
water systems and direct expansion systems. Chilled water systems are generally
more efficient and a rule of thumb for power consumption is 70% of the total peak
load being supported. Direct expansion systems require about 100% of the total peak
load being supported. Note that cooling loads have start up peak loads that exceed the
steady state values which are accounted for in this calculation.

3.5 EVALUATION OF LOAD

UPS total 26.25 KVA

RAW AC total 4.5 KVA

LIGHTING total 8.5 KVA

AC total 11.5 KVA

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