1MA210 LTE R9 Measurements 0e

Testing LTE Release 9
Features
Application Note
Products:
| R&S SMU200A | R&S FSW
| R&S AMU200A | R&S FSQ
| R&S SMBV100A | R&S FSV
| R&S CMW500 | R&S FSG
| R&S TS8990
LTE the fastest growing mobile radio

standard had its beginnings in 3GPP
Release 8. Initial improvements and new
features were implemented in Release 9.
This Application Note describes the T&M

methods for LTE Release 9 features using
Rohde & Schwarz instruments.
Bernhard Schulz
Application Note
November 2012 1MA210_0e

Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 Introduction ............................................................................ 3
2 LTE Rel. 9 signal generation ................................................. 4

2.1 Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN) ..............................................................5
2.2 Positioning methods ..................................................................................12
2.3 Dual-layer beamforming (TM8)..................................................................14
2.4 Multi-carrier and multi-RAT base stations: Receiver Tests ...................25
3 LTE Rel. 9 signal analysis ................................................... 26

3.1 Measurements with PRS............................................................................26
3.2 Dual-layer beamforming measurements..................................................29
3.3 Multi-carrier and multi-RAT base stations: Transmitter Tests ..............35
4 LTE Rel. 9 with the CMW500 ............................................... 37

4.1 LTE in the CMW protocol tester................................................................38
4.1.1 LTE E2E throughput tests .........................................................................41
4.1.2 MLAPI + UL measurements parallel .........................................................43
4.2 LTE in the CMW RF tester (call box).....................................................43
4.3 Data Application Unit (DAU) for CMW......................................................45
4.4 Channel simulation fading .....................................................................46
5 LTE Rel. 9 RF Conformance Test System TS8980 ............ 47
6 Appendix............................................................................... 51
6.1 Literature .....................................................................................................51
6.2 Additional Information ...............................................................................51
6.3 Ordering Information .................................................................................52
The following abbreviations are used in this application note for Rohde & Schwarz test equipment:
The R&SSMU200A is referred to as the SMU.

The R&SAMU200A is referred to as the AMU.
The R&SSMBV100A is referred to as the SMBV.
The R&SFSQ is referred to as the FSQ.
The R&SFSV is referred to as the FSV.
The R&SFSW is referred to as the FSW.
The R&SFSG is referred to as the FSG.
The R&SCMW500 is referred to as CMW.
1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 2

Introduction
Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)
1 Introduction
At the time that the first release of 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE Release 8) was
adopted, several issues were not implemented. Moreover, there remained some room
for small improvements and optimizations. All of these were brought together in
Release 9, farther-reaching enhancements are specified in Release 10 (LTE
Advanced).
The following features were changed or added in Release 9:
; Multimedia broadcast multicast services (MBMS) for LTE (MBSFN)

; LTE MIMO: Dual-layer beamforming
; LTE positioning
; Public warning system (PWS)
; RF requirements for multi-carrier and multi-RAT base stations
; Home eNodeB specification (femtocell)
; Self-organizing networks (SON)
A detailed description of the features is available in the White Paper: LTE Release 9
Technology Introduction [1].
This Application Note supplements the White Paper with a description of the T&M
options available with the instruments offered by Rohde & Schwarz.
Virtual antenna ports (AP) physical antennas
The descriptions of the various features often refer to virtual antennas, called antenna
ports. A set of antenna ports always uses a specific type of reference signals.
The specification covers antenna ports based on the following cell configuration:
Port 0 to 3: Cell-specific reference signals (CS-RS)

Port 4: MBSFN-RS
Port 5: UE-specific reference signals (DM-RS): Single-layer (TM 7)
Port 6: Positioning reference signals (PRS)
Port 7 and 8: UE-specific reference signals (DM-RS): Up to two layers
(TM 8)
The number of physical antennas in a base station is not defined. However, a minimum
number can be specified. The number of physical antennas must match or exceed the
number of layers to be transmitted. Therefore, a transmission with four layers needs at
least four physical antennas.

LTE Rel. 9 signal generation
2 LTE Rel. 9 signal generation

For the SMx family of instruments, the new Release 9 features are combined into a
separate option, LTE Release 9 + Enhanced Features (K84). This option is based on
the Digital Standard EUTRA/LTE (K55) option. The description in this section
assumes a basic understanding of how to handle LTE on the SMx.
The following Rel.9 features are supported:
; Evolved MBMS (MBSFN)

; Positioning methods
; Dual-layer beamforming
; Multi-RAT
The first three are LTE-specific accesses to the physical layer of the base station
(eNB) in the downlink, and therefore they are used to test the UE receiver. Multi-RAT
refers to the multi-standard characteristics of the base station receiver in the uplink.
Beyond the LTE-specific features, the SMU and the AMU both offer channel
simulations with fading and AWGN.
To work efficiently with the SMx, it is recommended that the various parameters be
configured in the sequence shown in Fig. 1. Once the basic parameters (such as
UL/DL and FDD/TDD) are defined, cell-specific parameters which are identical for all
UEs and include bandwidth, MIMO mode and so on can be defined. Finally, UE-
specific settings, including TX mode and UE category, as well as the subframe
parameters are defined. This structure is referenced later in this document to indicate
where the various features are configured (at the cell level or at the UE level).
Fig. 1: Basic configuration steps for LTE in SMx.

The term mapping describes how the virtual antenna ports are distributed amongst
the physically present antennas. In the SMx through Release 9, up to four antennas
can be simulated (four antennas require two SMUs).
2.1 Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

The MBMS settings affect all UEs and are cell-specific, and therefore are configured
under General DL Settings.
Fig. 2: Where MBMS settings are made in the SMx.

The first step is to select Mixed mode in the MBSFN Settings section. This means that
both user data in the PDSCH and broadcast data in the MTCH will be transmitted in
separate subframes.
Fig. 3: Mixed mode in the MBSFN Settings section.
Setting the frame/subframe structure for MBMS.
In an LTE frame, which consists of ten subframes, a maximum of only six (FDD) or five
(TDD) subframes can be reserved for MBMS. The remaining subframes are used for
regular LTE operation, and the SYNC channels are not affected.
Fig. 4: Configuring the subframes for MBMS (SIB type 2).

The Subframe Config (SIB Type 2) section, which in a real system contains
information from the higher layers, defines how MBMS is applied in the frames and
subframes. The Radio Frame Allocation Period and Radio Frame Allocation Offset
fields define the interval at which frames with MBMS can occur. The Subframe
Allocation Mode field defines whether MBMS is transmitted in one or four sequential
frames. The distribution of MBMS into the individual subframes is coded in binary form
using a bitmap. If the subframe allocation mode is set to one frame, then this bitmap is
6 bits in length (for the six free subframes available for MBMS). If the subframe
allocation mode is set to four frames, then the length is 4 * 6 = 24 bit. The bitmap is
entered into the SMx as a hexadecimal number in the Allocation Value field.
In the example in Fig. 5, the allocation period is set to 8, the offset to 2 and the
allocation mode is set to 4, the bitmap of 4 times 101010 resulting hexadecimal
AAAAAA.
Fig. 5: Example of an MBMS allocation compliant with 3GPP TS36.331.
Fig. 6: SIB type 2 settings for the described example.

Multiplexing MCCH and MTCH on PMCH
In the example described above, the MCCH and MTCHs 0 to 2 are multiplexed on the
PMCH. In the SMx, this is set in the PMCH Structure section.
The example in Fig. 5 shows a common subframe allocation period of 64. The MCCH
is always positioned in the first subframe, and the SMx automatically positions it
correctly. This leaves three MTCHs, which are entered as three PMCHs. The
modulation and coding scheme (MCS; a modulation of up to 64QAM is possible for
MTCH) is also defined here. The position of the individual MTCHs is now defined using
the start and end subframes. Only the assigned subframes, starting at zero, are
included. In our example:
; MTCH-0 05 (MCCH automatic)

; MTCH-1 67
; MTCH-2 from 8 on
Fig. 7: PMCH structure.
Further settings can be made in the Area Info (SIB Type 13) section (see Fig. 8). For
example, if the Radio Frame Allocation Offset field from Fig. 6 was changed, the
position of the MCCHs must be changed accordingly in the MCCH Offset field.

Fig. 8: Settings for SIB type 13.
The final step is to ensure that the SMU can generate the defined structure. This is
done by changing the number of generated frames appropriately in the LTE main
menu. In the example, the entire generated structure is 64 frames in length (the
common subframe allocation period is 64 frames; see Fig. 5).
Fig. 9: The number of generated frames must match the MBMS setup.

Fig. 10 shows the timeplan for the downlink. As in the above example, three subframes
per frame contain MBMS. As a result of the two-frame offset, the third frame is the first
to contain MBMS (first subframe 20). In mixed mode operation, subframes that do not
contain MBMS can be assigned regular PDSCH LTE data channels.
The SMx sets the appropriate channels automatically. Therefore, no additional settings
have to be made on the Frame Configuration screen (see Fig. 11). In this example,
the third subframe of the third frame (subframe 23) contains a PMCH that is assigned
MTCH content. Free segments can now be assigned PDSCH as usual.
Fig. 10: OFDMA timeplan. Subframes with MBMS are green. This example shows frame 3, because
the first two frames do not transmit MBMS (offset of two frames).
Fig. 11: Frame Configuration screen. The third subframe of the third frame (i.e. subframe 23) contains
a PMCH with MTCH content.

TDD mode
In principle, the same settings apply to TDD mode (TD-LTE). In this case, the
subframes that can be allocated MBMS are dependent on the selected UL/DL
configuration.
Antenna port
In LTE, MBMS is transmitted on antenna port 4. MIMO is not used. The SMx allows
antenna port 4 to be mapped to various physical antennas in MBMS mode. These
settings can be made in the MIMO section of the General DL Settings screen.
MBSFN simulation
In an MBSFN network, all base stations transmit the same signal at the same time. A
UE receives the same signal from various base stations on different receive paths. The
SMx can simulate an MBSFN network with three different receive paths. In the fading
block, the signal generated in the baseband (as described above) is prepared for
transmission on three different receive paths. The fading option provides the
predefined profile LTE MBSFN 5 Hz. All settings are made automatically.
Fig. 12: Simulation of three different receive paths in the fading block with predefined LTE MBSFN
5Hz profile.

Positioning methods
2.2 Positioning methods

A number of different scenarios can be generated for validating positioning methods:
; Generation of one LTE cell for verifying the various PRS configurations
; Multiple LTE cells in a single baseband (multi-carrier) with static channels and fixed
delays for determining the delays for the individual LTE cells
; Multiple synchronized basebands, each with one LTE cell and fading, for
determining delay differences in the faded channels
; In combination with GNSS signals
For the first three scenarios, the SMx must generate LTE-specific methods for
positioning, i.e. position reference symbols (PRS).
PRS
The PRS settings are cell-specific and therefore can be found under General DL
Settings.
Fig. 13: Where PRS settings are made in the SMx.
The PRS settings are made under General Downlink Settings. On this screen, the
segments with PRS can be set over time (subframes) and frequency (resource blocks,
RB). Selecting the PRS State field enables the PRS segments. The PRS Configuration
Index field defines the offset in the time axis (subframes) to the 0th subframe, taking
the frame offset into consideration. The Number of PRS DL Subframes (N_PRS) field
defines the number of sequential subframes that will contain PRS. This count includes
any subframes that are available for PRS (no special subframes; only downlink
subframes in TDD). The PRS Bandwidth field specifies which segment is used for PRS
(how wide on the frequency axis). The PRS segment is always positioned at the
center. Fig. 15 provides an example of the settings made in the OFDMA timeplan.

Positioning methods
Fig. 14: PRS settings in the SMx.
Fig. 15: Visualization of the PRS settings in the timeplan. In this example, the PRS segment (blue
crosshatching) is placed in two sequential subframes (N_PRS 2) in subframes 1 and 2 (Index1), with
a width of 5 MHz (bandwidth).
GNSS ((A) GPS, GPS P code, Galileo, GLONASS)
To allow the receiver characteristics to be tested, it is possible to generate a GNSS

signal in parallel to the LTE downlink signal. This can be done either in the second
channel of an SMU (GPS, up to 4 satellites, option K44) or with an SMBV (up to 24
satellites). The SMBV supports the following GNSS standards:
; GPS, Option SMBV-K44

; Assisted GPS, Option SMBV-K65
; Galileo, Option SMBV-K66
; GNSS Extension to 12 Satellites, Option SMBV-K91

Dual-layer beamforming (TM8)
; GNSS Enhanced (e.g. moving scenarios, multipath), Option SMBV-K92

; GPS P code, Option SMBV-K93
; GLONASS, Option SMBV-K94
; GNSS Extension to 24 Satellites, Option SMBV-K96
Fig. 16: Example settings for simulating GPS satellites.
2.3 Dual-layer beamforming (TM8)

Beamforming was first specified in LTE Release 8, and dual-layer beamforming was
added in Release 9. For an in-depth discussion of beamforming, refer to the
Rohde & Schwarz White Paper: Beamforming in LTE [2] as well as the Application
Note: LTE Beamforming Measurements [3].
This application note limits itself to dual-layer beamforming (TM 8).
The settings for (dual-layer) beamforming apply to the individual UEs, and therefore
are made Frame Configuration -> Configure User (Fig. 17).

Fig. 17: Where beamforming settings are made in the SMx.
Although beamforming is a base station function, the UE receiver must also be able to
understand a beamformed signal. The SMx provides predefined test signals that meet
and exceed the tests defined in specification TS36.521-1, Chapter 8.3 [6]. In addition
to the required precoding, the SMU can also perform realtime fading (predefined
profiles based on the specification), fading for MIMO setups (e.g. 2x2 and 4x2) and
AWGN simulation.
Beamforming mode TM 8 uses AP 7 and 8, which must be mapped to the physical RF

ports on the SMU. One SMU can be used to simulate two antennas, and two
interconnected SMUs can simulate up to four antennas.
Fig. 18 shows the test setup with one SMU. Configurations with four TX antennas
require two connected SMUs.
Fig. 18: Block diagram for the UE receiver test; this example shows two antennas.

Phase-coherent generation
The SMx signal generators use the SMx-B90 option to support phase-coherent
generation of multiple signals. The signal paths within an instrument can be coupled,
as can multiple instruments. Option SMx-B90 includes hardware that can be used to
couple the local oscillators (LO). The LOs are coupled internally via a two-channel
instrument (SMU, SMATE). Multiple instruments (SMU, SMATE, SMJ, SMBV) can be
coupled via the appropriate LO IN/OUT jacks (located at the back of the instruments).
Important note:
In this case, phase coherence means that the phase difference between two signals is
fixed, but not 0. This fixed, base phase difference (measurable using the FS-Z10 or
ZVx, for example) has to be taken in account either when defining the settings on the
generator or during the measurement itself.
For more information on the SMx-B90 phase coherence option, refer to Phase
Adjustment of Two MIMO Signal Sources with Option B90 [1].
Transmission Mode 8
Under General DL Settings, set the PDSCH Scheduling field to Auto/DCI (downlink
control indicator). This allows the beamforming settings to be adjusted easily (in a
more detailed screen), and the associated PDSCH settings are defined automatically.
These settings are transmitted live in the PDCCH. You should also set the number of
antennas to be simulated in the Global MIMO Configuration field. Up to four antennas
are available. The individual basebands of the one or two SMUs then generate the
signals for the individual antennas.
Fig. 19: Number of antennas and assignment to the individual basebands in the SMU.
In the Frame Configuration screen (Fig. 20), click Configure User. You can now make
additional settings related to beamforming. Set the desired transmission mode (TM 8).

Fig. 20: Frame Configuration screen in the SMU.
Fig. 21: Set the transmission mode in the Configure User screen. TM 7 and TM 8 apply to
beamforming.
In TM 8, the SMU performs beamforming with the corresponding reference signals

(DM-RS) by dividing two layers (codewords) over two or four antennas. The virtual
antenna ports (AP) 7 and 8 are mapped to the physical antennas accordingly. The
layers can be used for either one UE (single-layer MU beamforming) or two UEs (dual-
layer beamforming).
To use Auto/DCI mode, additional settings must first be made in the PDCCH control
channel. Click Configure PCFICH, PHICH, PDCCH to make these settings.
The lower section of the screen lists the settings for the PDCCH (Fig. 23). TM 8
defines DCI formats 1A and 2B in accordance with [Table 7.1-5 from 8]. APs 7 and 8
with DCI format 2B are used here for beamforming.

Dual-layer beamforming for single user
In this situation, both layers are beamformed for a single UE (user).
Fig. 22: Setting the user in dual-layer mode for one UE.
Fig. 23: Setting the DCI format in the PDCCH for TM 8 with one UE: DCI format 2B.
The data to be transmitted in the selected DCI format, and thus also the PDSCH
settings, can be further configured by clicking Config Content. The transmitted bit
pattern of the defined settings can be read in the bottom Data section (Fig. 24). The
number and position of the resource blocks (RBs) can be set via Resource Block
Assignment, while the modulation is set via Modulation and Coding Scheme [9].The
two layers / codewords can be set differently (transport block 1 applies to layer 1 and
transport block 2 applies to layer 2).

Fig. 24: Example configuration of DCI format 2B for TM 8.
In Auto/DCI mode, the PDSCH settings are prefilled automatically based on the
parameters defined here (Fig. 25). The desired settings are also displayed in the
timeplan. Two layers were allocated here (allocations 2.1 and 2.2 in Fig. 49) because
dual-layer beamforming mode is set.
Fig. 25: Example of an automatically defined PDSCH allocation in Auto/DCI mode (data source of the
defined PDSCH allocation is set to User 1; in this example using Resource Block Assignment 1 and
Modulation and Coding Scheme 0 (MCS 0), one RB is allocated with an offset of 37 RBs and QPSK
modulation). Two layers/codewords are used automatically.
The actual distribution (weighting) to the individual antennas is again carried out in the
user settings under Antenna Mapping.

Click Config in the Antenna Mapping field for the individual user to select three different
test modes. The available options in the Mapping Coordinates table vary depending on
the number of antennas set under General DL Settings (see Fig. 19).
V Codebook:
Fig. 26: Antenna mapping codebook.
This is where the precoding weights are chosen based on the index that is selected
from the tables in specification 36.211 [8]. For TM 8, they are indices 0 to 2 for two
antennas:
Precoding weights for 2 antennas

Codebook Number of layers
index
1 2
1 1 1 1 0
0
2 1 2 0 1
1 1 1 1 1
1
2 1 2 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
2
2 j 2 j j
1 1
3 -
2 j
Table 1: Allowed precoding weights for TM 8 (with two layers) for two antennas.
Similarly, indices 0 to 15 are used for four antennas (table in [6])
Mapping Coordinates displays the defined weights, either in Cartesian or cylindrical

coordinates.

V Random codebook
Fig. 27: Random codebooks for tests in accordance with TS36.521, section 8.3.
In this case, the codebooks are randomly selected from the tables. This mode
corresponds to test specification TS36.521, section 8.3.
Because the weight settings change continually, Mapping Coordinates is not visible.
V Fixed weight
Fig. 28: Fixed weight for TM 8 with two antennas.
The weights can be set in Mapping Coordinates. They apply to all user allocations over
the entire frame.
Additionally the settings are displayed again in the Enhanced Settings for the allocation
(Fig. 29).

Fig. 29: Display of the beamforming settings in the allocation; this example shows TM 8 on APs 7/8
with codebook 0.
Dual-layer beamforming for multiple users
The individual layers are provided to various UEs (users) in the same way as in multi-
user MIMO.
To do this, two users are first created with different UE IDs in the Configure User
screen.
Fig. 30: Setting the users in dual-layer mode for two UEs. Note the different UE IDs.

Two users are also created in the PDCCH settings. Again, dual-layer mode with DCI
format 2B is selected.
Fig. 31: Setting the DCI format in the PDCCH for TM 8 with two UEs: DCI format 2B.
The data to be transmitted in the selected DCI format, and thus also the PDSCH
settings, can be further configured by clicking Config Content. The transmitted bit
pattern of the defined settings can be read in the bottom Data section. The number and
position of the resource blocks (RBs) can be set via Resource Block Assignment, while
the modulation is set via Modulation and Coding Scheme [9]. Because multi-user mode
is now used, the second codeword is disabled for both users by setting Redundancy
Version to 1 and MCS to 0 (see Fig. 32) according to [6]. AP7 and AP8 are
distinguished by the different setting of the New Data Indicator (see Fig. 33).

Fig. 32: Example configuration of DCI format 2B for TM 8 in multi-user mode. The second codeword
(CW) is disabled by setting Redundancy Version 1. Enabling the New Data Indicator in allocation 3
sets AP8.
Fig. 33: Different antenna port (AP) settings in Dual-Layer Beamforming for multiple users.

Multi-carrier and multi-RAT base stations: Receiver Tests
Fig. 34: Example of an automatically defined PDSCH allocation in Auto/DCI mode for MU
beamforming (data source of the defined PDSCH allocation is set to User 1 and 2; in this example
using Resource Block Assignment 1 and Modulation and Coding Scheme 0 (MCS 0), one RB is
allocated with an offset of 37 RBs and QPSK modulation). Two independent layers, each with one
codeword (CW), are automatically allocated for the various users.
The settings for the weightings correspond to those described in single-user mode.
2.4 Multi-carrier and multi-RAT base stations: Receiver

Tests
At a minimum, the MSR-BS must meet the receiver characteristics requirements from
chapter 7 of TS 37.141.
Rohde & Schwarz signal generators, in particular the SMU and the SMBV, are
available for receiver measurements on BS and MSR-BS. These instruments allow
various test and reference signals to be generated for the required measurements.
Software options allow generation of test signals for all of the standards required for
the MSR-BS measurements, i.e. GSM/EDGE, WCDMA, TD-SCDMA and LTE
FDD/TDD. Note, however, that channel coding for GSM is not supported by the
GSM/EDGE option of the SMU or SMBV and needs to be done via a properly coded
data list.
An SMU with options for two RF paths and two basebands allows more complex test
scenarios with only one instrument. This means, for example, that both interfering and
useful signals can be generated on a single instrument. Other options also make it
possible to add fading and noise to the signals.
When using the internal baseband generator, the SMU can generate RF signals with a
bandwidth of up to 80 MHz, the SMBV up to 120 MHz.
A detailed description of the receiver test solutions of MSR-BS can be found in the
Application Note: Measuring Multistandard Radio Base Stations according to TS
37.141 [4].

LTE Rel. 9 signal analysis
Measurements with PRS
3 LTE Rel. 9 signal analysis

LTE analysis software provides users of the FSx family of instruments with an easy-to-
understand, user-friendly software application. The following options are integrated into
the software:
; LTE FDD Downlink, Option K100

; LTE FDD Uplink, Option K101
; LTE Downlink MIMO, Option K102
; LTE-A Uplink and MIMO, Option K103
; LTE TDD Downlink, Option K104
; LTE TDD Uplink, Option K105
Two versions of the software are available for the various analyzers: Users can choose
the integrated version or the PC-based software program. The description in this
section assumes a basic understanding of how to handle LTE on the FSx.
The LTE Rel 9 changes in the physical layer affect the downlink. Measurements are
therefore performed on the base station (BS) transmitters (eNB).
3.1 Measurements with PRS

Release 9 introduced new reference signals for PRS in the LTE downlink. These must
be taken into consideration when performing transmitter measurements in an LTE BS.
The PRS segments can be set in the Positioning Reference Signal section, which is
found on the Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics tab of the Demodulation
Settings screen.
Selecting the Present field indicates to the LTE analysis software that PRS should be
enabled. The Configuration Index field defines the offset in the time axis (subframes) to
the 0th subframe, taking the frame offset into consideration. The Num. Subframes
(N_PRS) field defines the number of sequential subframes that will contain PRS. This
count includes any subframes that are available for PRS (no special subframes; only
downlink subframes in TDD). The Bandwidth field specifies which segment is used for
PRS (how wide on the frequency axis). The PRS segment is always positioned at the
center.
Fig. 35: Setting the PRS segments in the LTE analysis software for the FSx.

Fig. 36 through Fig. 38 show various measurements. The dark blue crosshatching in
Fig. 36 indicates the PRS segments. Fig. 37 lists all allocations that are found. The
PRS is listed as Pos. RS, with modulation, power and EVM. Finally, Fig. 38 shows the
constellation diagram for the PRS allocation.
Fig. 36: Display of the allocation IDs in the LTE Analysis SW. The areas with blue crosshatching in
the first and second subframe represent the PRS segments (outlined in red).

Fig. 37: Display of the allocation summary in the LTE Analysis SW. Subframes 1 and 2 include the
measured values for PRS (Pos. RS), along with other information.
Fig. 38: A constellation diagram is also available for the positioning reference signals.

Dual-layer beamforming measurements
3.2 Dual-layer beamforming measurements

Beamforming was first specified in LTE Release 8, and dual-layer beamforming was
added in Release 9. For an in-depth discussion of beamforming, refer to the
Rohde & Schwarz White Paper: Beamforming in LTE [2] as well as the Application
Note: LTE Beamforming Measurements [3].
This application note limits itself to dual-layer beamforming (TM 8).
The LTE analysis software for the FSx signal and spectrum analyzers can be used
for the familiar LTE measurements, including power, EVM and spectrum, and also to
verify that the beamforming transmission modes are implemented correctly. It displays
up to four measurement screens in parallel.
In beamforming mode TM 8, both the UE-specific reference signals and the data in the
PDSCH are beamformed. All other channels remain unweighted, i.e. they are
transmitted with no phase difference (0). This means that for the PDSCH and DM-RS,
the constellations are rotated based on weighting.
Testing single antennas in Transmission Mode 8
Fig. 39 shows the fundamental test setup. The antennas are switched one after the
other to the input of an FSx.
Fig. 39: Test setup for the base station transmitter test with LTE analysis software.
In the LTE Analysis Software, open the Demodulation Settings dialog box and set the
number of antennas (two in this example) in the MIMO Configuration section (Fig. 40),
and set Antenna Selection to one single antenna mode (Antenna 1/2). TM8 uses two
codewords on two layers. Set the Codeword-to-layer Mapping in the Enhanced
Settings and then select Beamforming (UE-RS) as Precoding for an allocation (Fig.
41). The two code words are automatically prefilled in the Demodulation Settings (Fig.
40 and Fig. 41). It also allows multiple different beamformed allocations to be
analyzed. All standard measurements can be performed.
The setup with one analyzer allows all measurements on one single antenna and a
demodulation of all channels except the UE-specific RS and PDSCHs.

Fig. 40: Beamforming settings in the LTE analysis software for the FSx; TM 8 on one single antenna
in this example.
Fig. 41: Additional settings. The precoding is set to beamforming (UE-specific RS). In TM87, two
codewords are mapped to two layers at antenna ports 7 and 8.
Demodulation of beamformed channels in Transmission Mode 8 with two

analyzers
Using a setup with two analyzers (Fig. 42) and enabling the Compensate Crosstalk
feature (Fig. 44) enables the LTE Analysis Software to demodulate PDSCH allocations
with reference to DM-RS.

Fig. 42: Test setup for the base station transmitter test with LTE analysis software.
Fig. 43: Setup Demodulation settings with two analyzers: Set the Antenna Selection to All.

Fig. 44: Enabling the Compensate Crosstalk to demodulate mixed weighted PDSCHs.
Compensate Crosstalk allows compensation of layers with mixed weightings. As a

result, EVM and constellation diagrams for the PDSCH can be evaluated.
Fig. 45 shows an EVM measurement and a constellation diagram.

Fig. 45: Summary EVM measurement on antenna 1 and constellation diagram of a beamformed
QPSK-modulated data allocation (PDSCH) in TM 8.
Fig. 46: PDSCH and UE-RS can be demodulated using the compensate crosstalk feature. This figure
shows the listing in the allocation summary.
Beamforming measurement
The beamforming measurement determines the magnitude and phase of the UE-
specific RS and displays them separately. For example, the phase differences for
various antenna ports (AP) can be displayed.
The measurement results can be selected for the individual antennas or antenna ports
(in the Antenna Selection field under General Settings, and ports in the beamforming
measurement under Beamforming Selection) (Fig. 47). You must also specify a
subframe.

Fig. 47: Selecting the antenna or antenna ports and the subframe for beamforming measurements.
Fig. 48: Example beamforming measurements. The display includes both the amplitude and the
phase response over frequency. Both screenshots are for antenna 2; AP7 is at the top and AP8 at the
bottom. In this example, the phase difference is 180.

Multi-carrier and multi-RAT base stations: Transmitter Tests
3.3 Multi-carrier and multi-RAT base stations:

Transmitter Tests
At a minimum, the MSR-BS must meet the transmitter characteristics requirements
from chapter 6 of TS 37.141.
The FSW, FSQ and FSV spectrum and signal analyzers can be used to perform TX
tests on MSR-BS.
The FSW, FSQ and FSV base units can be used for spectrum measurements as well
as for measurements of spurious emissions, out-of-band emissions and adjacent
channel leakage ratio.
More extensive tests are possible with powerful options that are capable of analyzing
and demodulating standard signals. Software options in the FSW, FSQ and FSV are
available to support the standards GSM, WCDMA, LTE FDD/TDD and TD-SCDMA.
In addition, a special Multi-Standard Radio Analyzer Mode (MSRA) to measure

different standards in parallel is available for the FSW.
In the MSRA operating mode, which is part of the basic software functions of the FSW
analyzer, IQ-Data are captured over the full bandwidth (up to 160 MHz, depending on
options) over a long period of time (up to 200 Msamples), and may be analyzed for
various mobile radio standards. With this mode e.g. interactions between the different
carriers can be found and the reasons for possible performance degradation can be
traced.
MSRA supports following mobile standards (depending on installed options):

; 3GPP FDD (W-CDMA)
; CDMA2000
; 1xEV-DO
; GSM
; LTE
Fig. 49 shows the MSRA-View for an MSR signal example, which consists of a LTE
and a W-CDMA carrier. The top shows the entire spectrum of the signal with the
marked frequency ranges used by the applications. At the bottom, the results for the
LTE part is shown on the left and the W-CDMA part on the right.

Fig. 49: MSRA view with overview of the LTE and W-CDMA signal.
A detailed description of the transmitter test solutions of MSR-BS can be found in the
Application Note: Measuring Multistandard Radio Base Stations according to TS
37.141 [4].

LTE Rel. 9 with the CMW500
4 LTE Rel. 9 with the CMW500

The CMW can be used as a protocol tester (message analysis) as well as a radio
communication tester (call box, RF test).
In addition to LTE (FDD and TDD), the CMW offers other radiocommunication
standards, including W-CDMA, GSM, CDMA2000, 1x-EV-DO . This makes it possible
to test Inter-RAT scenarios, such as W-CDMA handover to GSM or LTE.
Equipped with powerful hardware and various interfaces to wireless devices, the CMW
can be used throughout all phases of LTE device development from the initial
module test up to the integration of software and chipset, as well as for conformance
and performance tests of the protocol stack of 3GPP standard-compliant wireless
devices, see Fig. 50.
Fig. 50 Consistent hardware and software concept for all device development phases.
CMW500 LTE Release 9

LTE Features
Positioning Reference Signal (PRS)
Enhanced Cell ID (eCID)
Dual Layer Beamforming (TM8)
Public Warning System: Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS)
Table 2: LTE Release 9 features in the CMW500

LTE in the CMW protocol tester
4.1 LTE in the CMW protocol tester

The CMW protocol tester provides developers of UE protocol stacks with a
specification-conforming reference implementation of the air interface. The
comprehensive functions of the programming interfaces and the highly detailed
representation in the analysis tools can be used to quickly detect discrepancies in the
DUT protocol stack.
The widely used MLAPI interface provides the C++ programming interface to the
protocol tester, allowing users to run predefined example or reference scenarios and
also to develop and modify their own scenarios.
The Message Composer allows users to compose send and receive constraints,
whereas the Message Analyzer provides the means to analyze results and export
constraints. The TestSuite Explorer defines configurations and manages suites, while
the Project Explorer defines sequences and executes and manages the results.
Finally, MS Visual Studio is available for developing and building test scenarios, while
the Automation Manager provides full automation during the execution of all test cases
and scenarios with minimal or no human interaction. The workflow is illustrated in Fig.
51.
Fig. 51 Test case development workflow.
The CMW protocol tester supports a very large number of test cases (TCs). Registered
users can view a summary of the currently available TCs on the CMW Customer Web
at https://extranet.rohde-schwarz.com/ .

Fig. 52: Project Explorer with Release 9 test cases for LTE testing.
Fig. 53: The Message Analyzer makes it easy and fast to analyze protocol logfiles. This example
shows a logfile for a dual-layer beamforming scenario.
The following options are available for testing Release 9 features:

CMW-KF500 LTE Example Scenarios
Example scenarios for Release 9

Number Description Test
ML_019 LPP capabilities
ML_020 System information

modification with CMAS
This scenario setups a Cell which is configured for
ML_021a Beamforming (Single Layer)
Beamforming. Initial registration is performed without
beamforming, then the transmission mode is changed to
ML_021b Beamforming (Dual Layer)
TM7 (for the single-layer case) or TM8 (for the dual-layer
case). Directly after the TM change, the DCI format remains
as 1A in the DL and is then changed to use single (DCI
format 1) or dual layer (DCI format 2B) beamforming. There
are two variants of this test for the single layer (ml_021a)
and dual layer (ml_021b) cases.
ML_024a LPP: OTDOA Measurement The LTE Positioning Protocol using hyperbolic time-
difference of arrival (TDOA) and enhanced cell ID (eCID) is
ML_024b LPP: E-CID Measurement for non-GNSS devices, hybrid use and for GNSS-denied
environments. MME issues the positioning request to E-
SMLC which then commands UE and eNB to perform
positioning. The LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) consists of
three independent procedures:
(i) capability exchange (LPP Request/Provide
Capabilities))
(ii) assistance data exchange (LPP Request/Provide
Assistance data, i.e. when the UE does not have the latest
measurements))
(iii) location information exchange (LPP Request/Provide
location information for AGNSS, OTDOA, ECID or location
estimate)
CMW-KF511 LTE MLAPI commercial mobile alert system (CMAS)
This option contains 32 scenarios. See [7] for additional information.
As an example for the process followed in CMAS, the LTE_CMAS_I00_01 procedure

is listed here: BROADCAST CMAS MSG WITH SAME MESSAGE ID AND SAME
SERIAL NUMBER IN CONNECTED MODE .
In detail, the procedure is:
1. Keep sending a CMAS message with Message ID "A" and Serial Num "X"
only.
2. Verify that UE displays the correct CMAS message on the UE screen.
3. Have user acknowledge the message.
4. Verify that the UE does NOT re-display the message after user's
acknowledgment.
5. Now send a CMAS message with Message ID "A" and serial Num "X" but with
an updated 4-bit Update Number and different message content.
6. Verify that UE displays the updated CMAS message on the UE screen.

CMW-KF512 LTE LLAPI Rel-8/9 PHY scenarios
At the moment this package contains different configurations according to Release 8

such as SPS and TTI bundling. The package will be extended with the Beamforming
Transmission Modes TM7 and TM8.
4.1.1 LTE E2E throughput tests
In addition to message analysis, the main test requirement is to determine the

throughput capabilities of the device under test (DUT), ideally allowing an E2E
application to run a specific service of interest. The above illustrated tool chain and the
LTE functionality offer an ideal environment to assess the DUT performance, including
E2E testing.
The Throughput Configuration Tools (TCT) for LTE allow users to configure a variety of
throughput tests quickly and easily (Fig. 54).
Fig. 54: Quick and convenient configuration of throughput tests with the TCT. This example shows
the settings for dual-layer beamforming (TM8).
The tests defined using the TCT are started as normal from the Project Explorer (Fig.
55).

Fig. 55: A TCT test in the Project Explorer.
After the test case is started successfully, the throughput can be evaluated by starting
the Protocol Testing Monitor (PTM), for example (see Fig. 56). The logging capabilities
of the protocol tester and the message analyzer permit a detailed investigation of the
message flow, making it easy to identify loss of performance due to incorrect behavior
and/or protocol errors, for example.
In addition to the throughput performance at RLC level, it is essential to identify the

E2E capabilities of the device under test. This is necessary in order to understand the
performance of a specific service at IP level.
IP data has to be provided from a suitable application. The Data Application Unit (DAU,
see 4.3) generates UPLANE traffic (IPERF, PING, FTP, HTTP, Video etc) as an
internal solution.

LTE in the CMW RF tester (call box)
Fig. 56: LTE throughput measurement with the protocol tester.
4.1.2 MLAPI + UL measurements parallel
As mentioned above, the CMW can be used as both a protocol tester and an RF tester.
It is even possible to install both protocol testing and RF testing software options, and
consequently to run RF measurements in parallel to a MLAPI test scenario started in
the protocol environment. The CMW radio communication tester offers a multi-
evaluation mode for performing RF measurements as illustrated in Fig. 57 (see next
section 4.2).
It allows users to analyze the throughput and at the same time monitor whether basic
Tx operation of the DUT is still running within 3GPP-specified limits.
4.2 LTE in the CMW RF tester (call box)
When used as an RF tester, the CMW consists of a generator for the LTE downlink. It
can play back ARB files generated using an external tool, such as WinIQSIM or

MATLAB . An online generator is also available as an option. It permits rapid
reconfiguration of the signal and dynamic elements, such as the transmit power control
(TPC).

LTE in the CMW RF tester (call box)
Transmitter tests (TX)
Measurements on the TX side of the DUT are made possible with the LTE Multi
Evaluation option (see Fig. 57) for both FDD and TDD mode (options KM500 and
KM550).
The overview screen provides all measured results and scalar values for the essential
measurements: UE power, error vector magnitude (EVM), RB allocation, frequency
error, spectrum emission mask (OBW) and ACLR. Because measurements results are
based on the same set of data, the individual results relate to each other, thus
facilitating troubleshooting and debugging.
Fig. 57: Multi-evaluation mode of LTE uplink measurement.
The overview display in multi-evaluation mode can be adapted to the individual testing
needs. For example, it may be necessary to closely monitor only two measurement
results, or just one measurement result with a comparison of maximum and average
values. The overview display can be configured to meet individual needs.
Signaling and receiver tests (RX)
The CMW also provides signaling. The "LTE signaling" firmware application (option
KS5xx) allows users to emulate an E-UTRAN cell and to communicate with the UE
under test. The UE can synchronize to the downlink signal and attach to the PS
domain. A connection can be set up (3GPP-compliant RMC or user-defined channel).

Data Application Unit (DAU) for CMW
In addition to the signaling mode, a reduced signaling mode is supported. It allows

users to set up a connection without any registration, attach and attach layer 3
signaling. As a result, modules supporting only layer 1 and 2 can be tested.
This means that RX tests, such as BER or ACK/NACK measurements (BLER,

throughput), can be performed in test mode on the DUT.
Fig. 58: Extended BLER measurement overview.
The CMW supports all RMC according to 3GPP TS 36.521 [5] as predefined settings.
The settings can also be configured individually by selecting "User Defined", or as
fixed CQI channels (option KS510).
End-to-end data tests can be performed using the DAU (see the next section).
4.3 Data Application Unit (DAU) for CMW

The "Data Application Unit" (option B450A) makes it possible to test data transfer via
TCP/IP or UDP/IP. It allows users to run Internet Protocol (IP) services on the CMW,
such as file transfer and Web browsing. The DAU provides a common and consistent
data testing solution on the CMW for all supported radio access technologies.
The DAU is required when testing End-to-End (E2E) IP data transfer as well as when
using the instrument for protocol testing (U-plane tests). Together with the DAU, IP-
based measurement (option KM050) applications allow users to test and measure the
properties of the IP connection, such as network latency or performance. The

Channel simulation fading
measurements support Internet protocols IPv4 (option KA100) and IPv6 (option KA150
on top of KA100).
4.4 Channel simulation fading

In order to simulate the channel attributes for receiver tests, the CMW can be
connected to the AMU via optional digital IQ interfaces. The baseband signals in the
AMU are faded, and MIMO (e.g. 2x2) and AWGN are added. The two RF paths can be
faded independently of one another. The AMU has predefined fading profiles for LTE in
accordance with specification [5]. The fading parameters can also be changed
separately.
Fig. 59 Test setup for channel simulation with the CMW and AMU (two-channel with MIMO).

LTE Rel. 9 RF Conformance Test System TS8980
Fig. 60 Block diagram in AMU with 2x2 MIMO, fading and AWGN.
5 LTE Rel. 9 RF Conformance Test System

TS8980
UEs have to pass various test phases during their development. In the early phase of
R&D, the different components of the UE, such as baseband and RF part are tested
independently from each other.
During this time radiocommunication testers, signal generators (SG) and signal
analyzers (SA) are typically used in non-signaling test environments in order to
investigate RF receiver and transmitter characteristics of the UE. Pure baseband tests
can be done by using simulation and verification via the IQ interface of the UE, which is
connected to the IQ interface of channel emulators, SA and SG. As soon as a logical
and physical call setup can be established, further tests on UE prototypes can be
performed with the help of a signaling unit (SU) fitted to a radiocommunication tester
such as CMW.
Chipset and UE manufacturers will apply differing test specifications. There are
internally defined specs, which are based on knowledge and prior experience. This is a
main part of the test area. Other tests are derived from the 3GPP test specifications,
for example [5]. As maturity of a UE design increases, more testing conditions are
added. House test specifications [5] also contain LTE test scenarios with fading and
interference conditions. Additionally, extreme test conditions with varying
environmental factors, including supply voltage, humidity and temperature are defined
for a UE.

Automated test systems such as the TS8980 with onboard components of SU, SG and
SA are able to provide the widest range of such testing conditions. In a pre-
conformance context, the user-friendly flexibility to change testing parameters like
effects of fading and interference as well as tools to find the real design limits in an
automated and hence repeatable way are essential. After all, no flaw should pass
unnoticed before entering the final stage to market: UE RF certification.
The type approval or certification of UEs according to GCF, PTCRB or a given set of
network operator test plans is the next phase. GCF and PTCRB requirements typically
consist of a subset of otherwise unchanged tests from the 3GPP test specifications.
Network operator RF test plans usually consist of two types of tests:

1. Those based on 3GPP with extensions and/or tighter limits, based on an
operators own experience
2. Completely new tests as defined
a) to protect other services (like Digital TV, ATC Radar, Geolocation services)
and
b) to ensure UE performance is not unduly compromised in the vicinity of
such other services.
Reproducible and precise measurements are crucial for type approval test systems
such as the TS8980FTA. Apart from basic accuracy, built-in functions for user
guidance and/or full automation of calibration is a prerequisite for a test system to
function as an arbiter of UE performance.

Fig. 61: The TS8980FTA test system.
The TS8980 family of test systems offers the most complete coverage in the industry
for applications in W-CDMA and LTE test. TS8980 is used by all leading test houses,
first-rate chipset and UE manufacturers and major network operators.
UTRA and E-UTRA conformance test in line with GCF and PTCRB as used by labs
accredited for certification of mobile devices are complemented by a very broad range
of acceptance test packages as defined by many of the leading network operators.
The CONTEST graphical user interface gives control over test case execution,
automation of DUT, climatic chamber, DC supply and other external devices. The GUI
also comes with a brace of functions for DUT management and standard-compliant
result reporting as well as internal and external database control for result handling,
documentation and storage.
Margin search routines and performance evaluation modes allow users to evaluate the
headroom a DUT has with respect to certification-level PASS criteria or user-specified
minimum values.
For more R&D-related work, specific Layer-1 verification packages may be run. RF
tests for LTE and W-CDMA may be combined with RRM conformance for LTE/W-

CDMA, performance analysis for LTE/W-CDMA and location-based services test

plans.
Available validated test case packages for LTE Release 9 are
; TDD Dual Layer Beamforming (TM8)

; Self Organizing Networks: Automatic Neighbor Relation data throughput
Additional Release 9 features are in work or planned.

Appendix
Literature
6 Appendix
6.1 Literature
[1] Rohde & Schwarz: LTE Release 9 Technology Introduction, White Paper
1MA191, December 2011
[2] Rohde & Schwarz: Beamforming in LTE, White Paper 1MA186, July 2011
[3] Rohde & Schwarz: LTE Beamforming Measurements, Application Note 1MA187,
October 2011
[4] Rohde & Schwarz: Measuring Multistandard Radio Base Stations according to
TS 37.141, Application Note 1MA198, July 2012
[5] 3GPP TS 36.521 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User
Equipment (UE) conformance specification; Radio transmission and reception; Part
1, 2, 3
[6] Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Multiplexing and Channel
Coding, Release 9; 3GPP TS 36.212 V 9.3.0, September 2010
[7] Rohde & Schwarz: R&SCMW-KF511 LTE MLAPI CMAS Test Scenarios, User
Manual
6.2 Additional Information

Please send your comments and suggestions regarding this application note to
TM-Applications@rohde-schwarz.com

Appendix
Ordering Information
6.3 Ordering Information

Ordering information
Vector Signal Generator
SMU200A 1141.2005.02
SMU-B9 Baseband Generator, 128 Msample 1161.0766.02
SMU-B13 Baseband Main Module 1141.8003.04
SMU-B10x 1st RF Path
SMU-B20x 2nd RF Path
SMU-K55 Digital Standard LTE/EUTRA 1408.7310.02
SMU-K84 Digital Standard LTE/EUTRA, LTE Rel.9 1408.8475.02
SMU-B90 Phase Coherence 1409.8604.02

Appendix
Ordering information
Signal Analyzers, Spectrum Analyzers
FSW Up to 3 GHz, 8 GHz, 13.6 GHz or 26.5 1312.8000Kxx
GHz
FSQ Up to 3 GHz, 8 GHz, 26 GHz, 31 GHz or 1155.5001.xx

40 GHz
FSG Up to 8 GHz or 13 GHz 1309.0002.xx
FSV Up to 3 GHz or 7 GHz 1307.9002.0x
FSx-K100 EUTRA/LTE Downlink 1308.9006.02
FSx-K102 EUTRA/LTE Downlink, MIMO 1309.9000.02
FSx-K104 EUTRA/LTE Downlink, TDD 1309.9422.02
FSx-K100PC EUTRA/LTE Downlink 1309.9916.02
FSx-K102PC EUTRA/LTE Downlink, MIMO 1309.9939.02
FSx-K104PC EUTRA/LTE Downlink, TDD 1309.9951.02
Radio Communication Tester

CMW500 Radio Communication Tester 1201.0002K02
CMW-S550M Baseband Interconnection 1202.4801.14
CMW-S590D RF Frontend 1202.5108.03
CMW-B590A RF Frontend 2 1202.8707.02
CMW-B300A Signaling Unit Wideband (SUW),

1202.6304.02
for WCDMA / LTE,
CMW-KP50x Protocol Stack Option LTE
CMW-KC50x Test Cases LTE
CMW-KF50x LTE MLAPI Scenarios
CMW-KM50x LTE FDD, TX Measurement, Uplink
CMW-KM55x LTE TDD, TX Measurement, Uplink
CMW-KS5xx LTE Signaling/Network Emulation
Systems
TS8980 RF Test System 1510.6002.02
TS8980FTA Conformance Test System 0999.1902.86
TS8980S Pre-Compliance Test System 0999.1902.82
xx stands for the different frequency ranges (e.g. 1155.5001.26 MHz to 26 GHz)

Appendix

If using the R&S WinIQSIM2 with SMBV or SMU to generate standard signals, you
must include the appropriate K2x option, where x refers to the standard to be used as
defined in this table. For example, to generate LTE signals with WinIQSIM2, you need
option K-255.
Note: Available options are not listed in detail. The SMATE and the SMBV vector
generators can also be used.
Please contact your local Rohde & Schwarz sales office for further assistance.

About Rohde & Schwarz
Rohde & Schwarz is an independent group
of companies specializing in electronics. It is
a leading supplier of solutions in the fields of
test and measurement, broadcasting,
radiomonitoring and radiolocation, as well as
secure communications. Established more
than 75 years ago, Rohde & Schwarz has a
global presence and a dedicated service
network in over 70 countries. Company
headquarters are in Munich, Germany.
Environmental commitment
; Energy-efficient products
; Continuous improvement in
environmental sustainability
; ISO 14001-certified environmental
management system
Regional contact
Europe, Africa, Middle East
+49 89 4129 12345
customersupport@rohde-schwarz.com
North America
1-888-TEST-RSA (1-888-837-8772)
customer.support@rsa.rohde-schwarz.com
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+1-410-910-7988
customersupport.la@rohde-schwarz.com
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+65 65 13 04 88
customersupport.asia@rohde-schwarz.com
China
+86-800-810-8228 /+86-400-650-5896
customersupport.china@rohde-schwarz.com
This application note and the supplied

programs may only be used subject to the
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area of the Rohde & Schwarz website.
R&S is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz

GmbH & Co. KG; Trade names are trademarks of the
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Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG

Mhldorfstrae 15 | D - 81671 Mnchen
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Testing LTE Release 9

LTE the fastest growing mobile radio

This Application Note describes the T&M

November 2012 1MA210_0e

2 LTE Rel. 9 signal generation ................................................. 4

3 LTE Rel. 9 signal analysis ................................................... 26

4 LTE Rel. 9 with the CMW500 ............................................... 37

5 LTE Rel. 9 RF Conformance Test System TS8980 ............ 47

The R&SSMU200A is referred to as the SMU.

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 2

Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

The following features were changed or added in Release 9:

; Multimedia broadcast multicast services (MBMS) for LTE (MBSFN)

Virtual antenna ports (AP) physical antennas

Port 0 to 3: Cell-specific reference signals (CS-RS)

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 3

Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

2 LTE Rel. 9 signal generation

The following Rel.9 features are supported:

; Evolved MBMS (MBSFN)

Fig. 1: Basic configuration steps for LTE in SMx.

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 4

Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

2.1 Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

Fig. 2: Where MBMS settings are made in the SMx.

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 5

Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

Fig. 3: Mixed mode in the MBSFN Settings section.

Setting the frame/subframe structure for MBMS.

Fig. 4: Configuring the subframes for MBMS (SIB type 2).

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 6

Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

Fig. 5: Example of an MBMS allocation compliant with 3GPP TS36.331.

Fig. 6: SIB type 2 settings for the described example.

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 7

Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

Multiplexing MCCH and MTCH on PMCH

; MTCH-0 05 (MCCH automatic)

Fig. 7: PMCH structure.

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 8

Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

Fig. 8: Settings for SIB type 13.

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 9

Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 10

Evolved MBMS (eMBMS, MBSFN)

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 11

2.2 Positioning methods

Fig. 13: Where PRS settings are made in the SMx.

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 12

Fig. 14: PRS settings in the SMx.

GNSS ((A) GPS, GPS P code, Galileo, GLONASS)

To allow the receiver characteristics to be tested, it is possible to generate a GNSS

; GPS, Option SMBV-K44

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 13

Dual-layer beamforming (TM8)

; GNSS Enhanced (e.g. moving scenarios, multipath), Option SMBV-K92

Fig. 16: Example settings for simulating GPS satellites.

2.3 Dual-layer beamforming (TM8)

This application note limits itself to dual-layer beamforming (TM 8).

1MA210_0e Rohde & Schwarz Testing LTE Rel. 9 Features 14

Dual-layer beamforming (TM8)

Fig. 17: Where beamforming settings are made in the SMx.

Beamforming mode TM 8 uses AP 7 and 8, which must be mapped to the physical RF