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1
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
A. 86,4. B. 77,76. C. 120,96. D. 43,20.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT So Nam Qung Nam, nm 2015)
Cu 9: Oxi ha 4,16 gam ancol n chc X bng O2 (xc tc thch hp) thu c 7,36 gam hn hp sn phm Y
gm ancol d, anehit, axit v nc. Cho Y tc dng vi Na d thu c 2,464 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc, cho Y tc
dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d trong NH3 d un nng, n phn ng hon ton thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m
l:
A. 8,64. B. 56,16. C. 28,08. D. 19.44.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 2 THPT ng Thc Ha Ngh An, nm 2015)
Cu 10: Chia 20,8 gam hn hp gm hai anehit n chc l ng ng k tip thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn mt tc dng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 un nng, thu c 108 gam Ag.
- Phn hai tc dng hon ton vi H2 d (xc tc Ni, t0), thu c hn hp X gm hai ancol Y v Z (MY < MZ).
un nng X vi H2SO4 c 1400C, thu c 4,52 gam hn hp ba ete. Bit hiu sut phn ng to ete ca Y bng
50%.
Hiu sut phn ng to ete ca Z bng
A. 40%. B. 60%. C. 30%. D. 50%.
( thi tuyn sinh i hc khi B, nm 2014)
Cu 11: Hn hp X gm hai cht hu c no, mch h (u cha C, H, O), trong phn t mi cht c hai nhm
chc trong s cc nhm -OH, -CHO, -COOH. Cho m gam X phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3, thu c 4,05 gam Ag v 1,86 gam mt mui amoni hu c. Cho ton b lng mui amoni hu c
ny vo dung dch NaOH (d, un nng), thu c 0,02 mol NH3. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,24. B. 2,98. C. 1,22. D. 1,50.
Cu 12: t chy hon ton 0,6 mol hn hp E cha ancol X; este n chc Y v anehit Z (X, Y, Z u no, mch
h v c cng s nguyn t hiro) c t l mol tng ng 3 : 1 : 2 thu c 24,64 lt CO2 (ktc) v 21,6 gam nc.
Mt khc cho 0,6 mol hn hp E trn tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d trong NH3, un nng thu c m gam Ag.
Gi tr m l:
A. 64,8 gam. B. 97,2 gam. C. 86,4 gam. D. 108 gam.
( thi chn HSG tnh Thi Bnh, nm 2016)
Cu 13: Hn hp T gm ba cht hu c X, Y, Z (50 < MX < MY < MZ v u to nn t cc nguyn t C, H, O).
t chy hon ton m gam T thu c H2O v 2,688 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Cho m gam T phn ng vi dung dch
NaHCO3 d, thu c 1,568 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, cho m gam T phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 10,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,6. B. 4,8. C. 5,2. D. 4,4.
( thi minh ha k thi THPT Quc Gia, nm 2015)
Cu 14: Chia 0,15 mol hn hp X gm mt s cht hu c (trong phn t cng cha C, H v O) thnh ba phn
bng nhau. t chy phn mt bng mt lng oxi va ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo bnh ng nc
vi trong d thu c 5 gam kt ta. Phn hai tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c
8,64 gam Ag. Phn ba tc dng vi mt lng Na va thu c 0,448 lt H2 (ktc). Cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton. Khi lng ca 0,15 mol hn hp X l
A. 6,48 gam. B. 5,58 gam. C. 5,52 gam. D. 6,00 gam.
Cu 15: Hn hp T gm ba cht hu c X, Y, Z (50 < MX < MY < MZ v u to nn t cc nguyn t C, H, O).
t chy hon ton m gam T thu c H2O v 2,688 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Cho m gam T phn ng vi dung dch
NaHCO3 d, thu c 1,568 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, cho m gam T phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 10,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,6. B. 4,8. C. 5,2. D. 4,4.
( thi minh ha k thi THPT Quc Gia, nm 2015)
Cu 16: Hn hp M gm CH3CH2OH, CH2=CHCH2OH, CH3COOH, CH2=CHCOOH, HCOOCH3. t chy hon
ton m gam M cn dng va 0,4 mol O2, thu c 0,35 mol CO2 v 0,35 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho m gam M trn
tc dng va vi 50 gam dung dch Ba(OH)2 nng x%. Gi tr ca x l
A. 68,40. B. 17,10. C. 34,20. D. 8,55.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 4 THPT chuyn i Hc Vinh Ngh An, nm 2015)
Cu 17: t chy hon ton 26,72 gam hn hp X gm axit metacrylic, axit aipic, axit axetic v glixerol (trong
s mol axit metacrylic bng s mol axit axetic) bng O2 d, thu c hn hp Y gm kh v hi. Dn Y vo
2
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
dung dch cha 0,76 mol Ba(OH)2, thu c 98,5 gam kt ta v dung dch Z. un nng Z li xut hin kt ta.
Cho 26,72 gam hn hp X tc dng vi 150 ml dung dch KOH 2M, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, c cn
dung dch thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m gn gi tr no nht ?
A. 30,1 gam. B. 35,6 gam. C. 24,7 gam. D. 28,9 gam.
( thi chn HSG tnh Thi Bnh, nm 2016)
Cu 18: Cho 0,3 mol hn hp X gm 2 este n chc tc dng va vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 2M un nng,
thu c hp cht hu c no mch h Y c phn ng trng bc v 37,6 gam hn hp mui hu c. t chy hon
ton Y ri cho sn phm hp th ht vo bnh cha dung dch nc vi trong (Ca(OH)2) d, thy khi lng bnh
tng 24,8 gam. Khi lng ca X l
A. 30,8 gam. B. 33.6 gam. C. 32,2 gam. D. 35,0 gam.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT Can Lc H Tnh, nm 2015)
Cu 19: Mt hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C10H8O4 trong phn t ch cha 1 loi nhm chc. 1 mol X
phn ng va vi 3 mol NaOH to thnh dung dch Y gm 2 mui (trong c 1 mui c M < 100), 1 anehit
no (thuc dy ng ng ca metanal) v nc. Cho dung dch Y phn ng vi lng d AgNO3/NH3 th khi
lng kt ta thu c l:
A. 162 gam. B. 432 gam. C. 162 gam. D. 108 gam.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 Thanh Ha, nm 2015)
Cu 20: Thy phn hon ton 0,1 mol este X cn 200 ml dd NaOH 1,5M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c
glixerol v 24,6 gam mui khan ca axit hu c mch thng. Hy cho bit X c bao nhiu cng thc cu to ?
A. 1. B. 4. C. 7. D. 6.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia THPT chuyn Vnh Phc, nm 2015)
Cu 21: X phng ho hon ton m gam mt este no, n chc, mch h E bng 28 gam dung dch KOH
28%. C cn hn hp sau phn ng thu c 25,68 gam cht lng X v cht rn khan Y. t chy hon ton
Y, thu c sn phm gm CO2, H2O v K2CO3, trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O l 18,34 gam. Mt
khc, cho X tc dng vi Na d, thu c 13,888 lt kh H2 (ktc). Gi tr m gn nht vi
A. 11. B. 12. C. 10. D. 14.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT Din Chu 5 Ngh An, nm 2015)
Cu 22: Ancol X (MX= 76) tc dng vi axit cacboxylic Y thu c hp cht Z mch h (X v Y u ch c mt
loi nhm chc). t chy hon ton 17,2 gam Z cn va 14,56 lt kh O2 (ktc), thu c CO2 v H2O theo t l
s mol tng ng l 7 : 4. Mt khc, 17,2 gam Z li phn ng va vi 8 gam NaOH trong dung dch. Bit Z c
cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht. S cng thc cu to ca Z tha mn l
A. 1. B. 3. C. 2. D. 4.
( thi minh ha k thi THPT Quc Gia, nm 2015)
Cu 23: X l este no, n chc; Y l este n chc; khng no cha mt lin kt i C=C (X, Y u mch h). t
chy hon ton 14,4 gam hn hp E cha X, Y cn dng 14,336 lt O2 (ktc) thu c 9,36 gam nc. Mt khc,
thy phn hon ton E trong mi trng axit thu c hn hp cha 2 axit cacboxylic A, B (MA < MB) v ancol Z
duy nht. Cho cc nhn nh sau:
(1) X, A u cho c phn ng trng gng.
(2) X, Y, A, B u lm mt mu dung dch Br2 trong mi trng CCl4.
(3) Y c mch cacbon phn nhnh, t Y iu ch thy tinh hu c bng phn ng trng hp.
(4) un Z vi H2SO4 c 170oC thu c anken tng ng.
(5) Nhit si tng dn theo th t X < Y < Z < A < B.
(6) Tnh axit gim dn theo th t A > B > Z.
S nhn nh ng l:
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5 D. 6.
Cu 24: Hn hp X gm 2 este n chc, t l mol 1 : 3. t chy hon ton 36,4 gam X, dn sn phm chy vo
bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 170 gam kt ta, khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 66,4 gam.
Mt khc, thy phn hon ton 36,4 gam X trong dung dch NaOH, thu c mt ancol n chc v 34 gam hn
hp hai mui cacboxylat. Hai este trong X l:
A. CH2=C(CH3)COOC2H5 v CH3COOC2H5.
B. CH2=CHCOOC2H5 v CH3COOC2H5.
3
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
C. CH2=CHCH2COOCH3 v C2H5COOCH3.
D. CH2=CHCH2COOCH3 v C2H5COOCH3.
Cu 25: Cho X, Y l hai cht thuc dy ng ng ca axit acrylic v MX < MY; Z l ancol c cng s nguyn t
cacbon vi X; T l este hai chc to bi X, Y v Z. t chy hon ton 11,16 gam hn hp E gm X, Y, Z, T cn
va 13,216 lt kh O2 (ktc), thu c kh CO2 v 9,36 gam nc. Mt khc 11,16 gam E tc dng ti a vi
dung dch cha 0,04 mol Br2. Khi lng mui thu c khi cho cng lng E trn tc dng ht vi dung dch
KOH d l
A. 4,68 gam B. 5,44 gam C. 5,04 gam D. 5,80 gam
( thi tuyn sinh i hc khi A, nm 2014)
Cu 26: Hn hp X gm 3 este n chc, to thnh t cng mt ancol Y vi 3 axit cacboxylic (phn t ch c
nhm -COOH); trong , c hai axit no l ng ng k tip nhau v mt axit khng no (c ng phn hnh hc,
cha mt lin kt i C=C trong phn t). Thy phn hon ton 5,88 gam X bng dung dch NaOH, thu c hn
hp mui v m gam ancol Y. Cho m gam Y vo bnh ng Na d, sau phn ng thu c 896 ml kh (ktc) v khi
lng bnh tng 2,48 gam. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton 5,88 gam X th thu c CO2 v 3,96 gam H2O. Phn
trm khi lng ca este khng no trong X l
A. 38,76%. B. 40,82%. C. 34,01%. D. 29,25%.
(K thi THPT Quc Gia nm 2015)
Cu 27: X, Y l 2 axit n chc cng dy ng ng, T l este 2 chc to bi X, Y vi ancol no mch h Z. t
chy 8,58 gam hn hp E gm X, Y, T th thu c 7,168 lt CO2 v 5,22 gam H2O. Mt khc, un nng 8,58 gam
E vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d th thu c 17,28 gam Ag. Tnh khi lng cht rn thu c khi cho 8,58 gam E
phn ng vi 150 ml dung dch NaOH 1M?
A. 11,04. B. 9,06. C. 12,08. D. 12,80.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT Nguyn Khuyn TP. H Ch Minh, nm 2015)
Cu 28: X, Y, Z l 3 este u n chc, mch h (trong Y v Z khng no cha mt lin kt C = C v c tn ti
ng phn hnh hc). t chy 21,62 gam hn hp E cha X, Y, Z vi oxi va , sn phm chy dn qua dung
dch Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng dung dch gim 34,5 gam so vi trc phn ng. Mt khc, un nng 21,62 gam
E vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M (va ), thu c hn hp F ch cha 2 mui v hn hp gm 2 ancol k tip
thuc cng dy ng ng. Khi lng ca mui c khi lng phn t ln trong hn hp F l:
A. 4,68 gam. B. 8,64 gam. C. 8,10 gam. D. 9,72 gam.
Cu 29: X, Y l 2 axit cacboxylic u mch h; Z l ancol no; T l este hai chc, mch h c to bi X, Y, Z.
un nng 38,86 gam hn hp E cha X, Y, Z, T vi 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M (va ), thu c ancol Z v
hn hp F gm 2 mui c t l mol 1 : 1. Dn ton b Z qua bnh ng Na d thy khi lng bnh tng 19,24 gam;
ng thi thu c 5,824 lt kh H2 (ktc). t chy hon ton F cn dng 0,7 mol O2, thu c CO2, Na2CO3 v
0,4 mol H2O. Phn trm khi lng ca T trong hn hp E l:
A. 8,88%. B. 26,40%. C. 13,90%. D. 50,82%.
Cu 30: Thy phn hon ton 4,84 gam este A bng mt lng dung dch NaOH va , ri c cn ch thu c
hi nc v hn hp X gm hai mui (u c khi lng phn t ln hn 68). t chy hon ton lng mui trn
cn ng 6,496 lt O2 (ktc), thu c 4,24 gam Na2CO3; 5,376 lt CO2 (ktc) v 1,8 gam H2O. Thnh phn phn
trm khi lng mui c khi lng phn t nh hn trong X l
A. 27,46%. B. 37,16%. C. 36,61%. D. 63,39%.
Cu 31: Este A to bi 2 axit cacboxylic X, Y (u mch h, n chc) v ancol Z. X phng ha hon ton a gam
A bng 140 ml dung dch NaOH tM th cn dng 80 ml dung dch HCl 0,25M trung ha va lng NaOH
d, thu c dung dch B. C cn B thu c b gam hn hp mui khan N. Nung N trong NaOH khan d c thm
CaO thu c cht rn R v hn hp kh K gm 2 hirocacbon c t khi vi oxi l 0,625. Dn K li qua nc
brom thy c 5,376 lt 1 kh thot ra, cho ton b R tc dng vi axit H2SO4 long d thy c 8,064 lt kh CO2 sinh
ra. t chy hon ton 2,76 gam Z cn dng 2,352 lt oxi sinh ra nc CO2 c t l khi lng 6 : 11. Bit cc th
tch kh o iu kin tiu chun. Gi tr a gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?
A. 26. B. 27. C. 28. D. 29.
Cu 32: Hn hp P gm ancol X, axit caboxylic Y (u no, n chc, mch h) v este Z to ra t X v Y. t
chy hon ton m gam P cn dng va 0,18 mol O2, sinh ra 0,14 mol CO2. Cho m gam P trn vo 500 ml dung
dch NaOH 0,1M un nng, sau khi kt thc cc phn ng thu c dung dch Q. C cn dung dch Q cn li 3,68
gam cht rn khan. Ngi ta cho thm bt CaO v 0,48 gam NaOH vo 3,68 gam cht rn khan trn ri nung trong
4
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
bnh chn khng. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c a gam kh. Gi tr ca a gn nht vi gi tr no sau
y?
A. 0,85 gam. B. 1,25 gam. C. 1,45 gam. D. 1,05 gam.
Cu 33: Ba cht hu c X, Y, Z (50 < MX < MY < MZ) u c thnh phn nguyn t C, H, O. Hn hp T gm X,
Y, Z, trong n X 4(n Y n Z ) . t chy hon ton m gam T, thu c 13,2 gam CO2. Mt khc, m gam T phn
ng va vi 0,4 lt dung dch KHCO3 0,1M. Cho m gam T phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3, thu c 56,16 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng ca Y trong hn hp T l:
A. 22,26 %. B. 67,90%. C. 74,52%. D. 15,85%.
Cu 34: X, Y, Z l ba axit cacboxylic n chc cng dy ng ng (MX < MY < MZ), T l este to bi X, Y, Z vi
mt ancol no, ba chc, mch h E. t chy hon ton 26,6 gam hn hp M gm X, Y, Z, T (trong Y v Z c
cng s mol) bng lng va kh O2, thu c 22,4 lt CO2 (ktc) v 16,2 gam H2O. Mt khc, un nng 26,6
gam M vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Mt
khc, cho 13,3 gam M phn ng ht vi 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v un nng, thu c dch N. C cn dung
dch N thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m gn nht vi
A. 38,04. B. 24,74. C. 16,74. D. 25,10.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 4 THPT chuyn i Hc Vinh Ngh An, nm 2015)
Cu 35: t chy hon ton mt este no a chc X c to thnh t axit hai chc mch h v ancol ba chc
mch h bng oxi, sc ton b sn phm chy vo dung dch nc vi trong d thu c 60 gam kt ta v khi
lng dung dch gim 29,1 gam. Khi lng mol ca X l:
A. 362. B. 348. C. 350. D. 346.
( thi th i hc ln 2 THPT ng Thc Ha Ngh An, nm hc 2013 2014)
Cu 36: Hn hp X gm anehit fomic, anehit axetic, metyl fomat, etyl axetat v mt axit cacboxylic no, hai
chc, mch h Y. t chy hon ton 29 gam hn hp X (s mol ca anehit fomic bng s mol ca metyl fomat)
cn dng 21,84 lt (ktc) kh O2, sau phn ng thu c sn phm chy gm H2O v 22,4 lt (ktc) kh CO2. Mt
khc, 43,5 gam hn hp X tc dng vi 400 ml dung dch NaHCO3 1M, sau khi kt thc phn ng thu c m gam
mui khan. Gi tr c th c ca m l ?
A. 34,8 gam. B. 21,8 gam. C. 32,7 gam. D. 36,9 gam.
Cu 37: X, Y l hai axit cacboxylic u hai chc, mch h thuc cng dy ng ng k tip; Z v T l hai este
thun chc hn km nhau 14 vC, ng thi Y v Z l ng phn ca nhau (MX < MY < MT). t chy 17,28 gam
hn hp E cha X, Y, Z, T cn dng 10,752 lt O2 (ktc). Mt khc, un nng 17,28 gam E cn dng 300 ml dung
dch NaOH 1M, thu c 4,2 gam hn hp gm 3 ancol c cng s mol. S mol ca X trong E l:
A. 0,05 mol. B. 0,04 mol. C. 0,06 mol. D. 0,03 mol.
Cu 38: Cho hn hp X gm mt axit no, n chc A v mt este E to bi mt axit no, n chc B v mt ancol
no n chc C (A v B l ng ng k tip ca nhau). Cho m gam hn hp X tc dng va vi dung dch
NaHCO3 thu c 1,92 gam mui. Nu cho a gam hn hp X tc dng vi lng va NaOH ri un nng th
thu c 4,38 gam hn hp D gm mui ca hai axit hu c A, B v 0,03 mol ancol C, bit t khi hi ca C so vi
hiro nh hn 25 v C khng iu ch trc tip c t cht v c. t chy hai mui trn bng mt lng oxi va
thu c mt mui v c, hi nc v 2,128 lt CO2 (ktc). Cc phn ng coi nh xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca
m l:
A. 1,81. B. 3,7. C. 3,98. D. 4,12.
Cu 39: X, Y l 2 hp cht hu c no, mch h, trong phn t ch cha mt loi nhm chc; X, Y khc chc ha
hc (MX < MY). t chy hon ton a mol X cng nh Y u thu c x mol CO2 v y mol H2O vi x = y + a. Ly
0,25 mol hn hp E cha X, Y tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 86,4 gam Ag. Mt khc, un nng 0,25 mol
E vi dung dch NaOH d th sn phm thu c cha 15 gam hn hp 2 mui ca 2 axit hu c no, n chc v
7,6 gam mt ancol Z. t chy hon ton 14,25 gam X cn dng V lt O2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 21 lt. B. 25,2 lt. C. 23,52 lt. D. 26,88.
Cu 40: Hn hp X gm (CH3COO)3C3H5, CH3COOCH2CH(OOCCH3)CH2OH, CH3COOH,
CH3COOCH2CHOHCH2OH v CH2OHCHOHCH2OH trong CH3COOH chim 10% tng s mol hn hp. un
nng m gam hn hp X vi dung dch NaOH va , thu c dung dch cha 20,5 gam natri axetat v 0,604m
gam glixerol. t chy m gam hn hp X cn V lt O2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V gn nht l
A. 25,3. B. 24,6. C. 24,9. D. 25,5.
Cu 41: X l este no, n chc, Y l axit cacboxylic n chc, khng no cha mt lin kt i C=C; Z l este 2
chc to bi etylen glicol v axit Y (X, Y, Z, u mch h, s mol Y bng s mol Z). t chy a gam hn hp E
5
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
cha X, Y, Z cn dng 0,335 mol O2 thu c tng khi lng CO2 v H2O l 19,74 gam. Mt khc, a gam E lm
mt mu ti a dung dch cha 0,14 mol Br2. Khi lng ca X trong E l:
A. 8,6. B. 6,6. C. 6,8. D. 7,6.
Cu 42: Thy phn hon ton m gam hn hp hai este n chc mch h A, B (MA < MB) trong 700 ml dung dch
KOH 1M, thu c dung dch X v hn hp Y gm 2 ancol l ng ng lin tip. un nng Y trong H2SO4 c
140oC, thu c hn hp Z. Trong Z tng khi lng ca cc ete l 8,04 gam (Hiu sut ete ha ca cc ancol u
l 60%). C cn dung dch X c 54,4 gam cht rn C. Nung cht rn ny vi lng d hn hp NaOH, CaO cho
n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt hn hp kh T (ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca A trong hn
hp ban u l:
A. 66,89%. B. 48,96%. C. 49,68%. D. 68,94%.
Cu 43: t chy 0,15 mol hn hp X gm metyl acrylat, etylen glicol, axetanehit v ancol metylic cn dng a
mol O2. Sn phm chy dn qua 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M, lc b kt ta, cho dung dch Ca(OH)2 d vo
phn nc lc th thu c thm 53,46 gam kt ta na. Gi tr ca a l bao nhiu ?
A. 0,215. B. 0,625. C. 0,455. D. 0,375.
Cu 44: X l axit cacboxylic no, hai chc; Y l ancol hai chc; Z l este thun chc to bi X v Y (X, Y u
mch h). t chy hon ton 13,8 gam hn hp E cha X, Y, Z cn dng 11,424 lt O2 (ktc) thu c 9,0 gam
nc. Mt khc un nng 13,8 gam vi 120 ml dung dch NaOH 1M (va ), ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng
thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 9,72 gam. B. 12,00 gam. C. 9,00 gam. D. 8,40 gam.
Cu 45: Cho 0,5 mol hn hp E cha 2 este u n chc, mch h tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 un nng,
thu c 64,8 gam Ag. Mt khc, un nng 37,92 gam hn hp E trn vi 320 ml dung dch NaOH 2M ri c cn
dung dch sau phn ng thu c phn rn Y v 20,64 gam hn hp cha 2 ancol no trong oxi chim 31,0% v
khi lng. t chy ht cht rn Y thu c Na2CO3; x mol CO2; y mol H2O. T l x : y l
A. 17 : 9. B. 7 : 6. C. 14 : 9. D. 4 : 3.
Cu 46: Thy phn hon ton 4,84 gam este hai chc A (to bi axit hai chc) bng mt lng dung dch NaOH
va , ri c cn ch thu c hi H2O v hn hp X gm hai mui (u c khi lng phn t ln hn 68). t
chy ton b lng mui trn cn va ng 6,496 lt O2 (ktc), thu c 4,24 gam Na2CO3; 5,376 lt CO2 (ktc) v
1,8 gam H2O. Thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca mui c khi lng phn t nh hn trong hn hp X l
A. 27,46%. B. 54,92%. C. 36,61%. D. 63,39%.
Cu 47: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht cha C, H, O, N. t chy
hon ton 10,8 gam X thu c 4,48 lt CO2, 7,2 gam H2O v 2,24 lt kh N2 (ktc). Nu cho 0,1 mol cht X trn
tc dng vi dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH un nng thu c cht kh lm xanh giy qu tm m v dung dch Y.
C cn dung dch Y thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 15. B. 21,8. C. 5,7. D. 12,5.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT on Thng Hi Dng, nm 2015)
Cu 48: Cho 16,5 gam cht A c cng thc phn t l C2H10O3N2 vo 200 gam dung dch NaOH 8%. Sau khi cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch B v kh C. Tng nng phn trm cc cht c trong B gn nht
vi gi tr :
A. 8%. B. 9%. C. 12%. D. 11%.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT chuyn Hng Vng Ph Th, nm 2015)
Cu 49: Hn hp X gm cht Y (C2H10O3N2) v cht Z (C2H7O2N). Cho 14,85 gam X phn ng va vi dung
dch NaOH v un nng, thu c dung dch M v 5,6 lt (ktc) hn hp T gm 2 kh (u lm xanh qu tm tm
nc ct). C cn ton b dung dch M thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m c th l
A. 11,8. B. 12,5. C. 14,7. D. 10,6.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT chuyn i hc Vinh Ngh An, nm 2015)
Cu 50: Hn hp X gm 2 cht c cng thc phn t l C3H12N2O3 v C2H8N2O3. Cho 3,40 gam X phn ng va
vi dung dch NaOH (un nng), thu c dung dch Y ch gm cc cht v c v 0,04 mol hn hp 2 cht hu
c n chc (u lm xanh giy qu tm m). C cn Y, thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 3,12. B. 2,76. C. 3,36. D. 2,97.
(K thi THPT Quc Gia nm 2015)
6
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Cu 51: Cho 18,5 gam cht hu c A (c cng thc phn t C3H11N3O6) tc dng va vi 300 ml dung dch
NaOH 1M to thnh nc, 1 cht hu c a chc bc I v m gam hn hp mui v c. Gi tr gn ng nht ca
m l
A. 19,05. B. 25,45. C. 21,15. D. 8,45.
Cu 52: Cho 0,05 mol mt amino axit (X) c cng thc H2NCnH2n-1(COOH)2 vo 100 ml dung dch HCl 1,0M th
thu c mt dung dch Y. Cho Y tc dng va vi mt dung dch Z c cha ng thi NaOH 1M v KOH 1M
th thu c mt dung dch T, c cn T thu c 16,3 gam mui, bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Phn trm v
khi lng ca cacbon trong phn t X l:
A. 36,09. B. 40,81. C. 32,65. D. 24,49.
( thi chn hc sinh gii tnh Thi Bnh, nm 2015)
Cu 53: Cho 14,19 gam hn hp gm 3 amino axit (phn t ch cha mt nhm cacboxyl v mt nhm amino) vo
dung dch cha 0,05 mol axit oxalic, thu c dung dch X. Thm tip 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M vo X, sau khi
cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c 26,19 gam cht rn khan Y. Ha tan Y trong dung dch
HCl d, thu c dung dch cha m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 19,665. B. 35,39. C. 37,215. D. 39,04.
Cu 54: Chia hn hp X gm glyxin v mt s axit cacboxylic thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn mt tc dng vi
dung dch NaOH va ri c cn. t chy ton b lng mui sinh ra bng mt lng oxi va thu c hn
hp kh Y gm CO2, H2O, N2 v 10,6 gam Na2CO3. Cho ton b hn hp kh Y qua bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2
d, thu c 34 gam kt ta ng thi thy khi lng bnh tng thm 20,54 gam so vi ban u. Phn hai tc dng
va vi 40 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, coi nh N2 khng b nc hp th. Thnh
phn phn trm khi lng ca glyxin trong hn hp X l
A. 25,73%. B. 24,00%. C. 25,30%. D. 22,97%.
Cu 55: Hn hp X gm hai amino axit no, mch h Y v Z, c cng s nguyn t cacbon v u c mt nhm -
NH2 trong phn t (s mol ca Y ln hn s mol ca Z). Cho 52,8 gam X vo dung dch NaOH d, thu c 66
gam mui. Nu cho 52,8 gam X vo dung dch HCl d th thu c 67,4 gam mui. Phn trm khi lng ca Z
trong hn hp X l
A. 55,68%. B. 33,52%. C. 66,48%. D. 44,32%.
Cu 56: Thy phn ht mt lng pentapeptit T thu c 32,88 gam Ala-Gly-Ala-Gly; 10,85 gam Ala-Gly-Ala;
16,24 gam Ala-Gly-Gly; 26,28 gam Ala-Gly; 8,9 gam Alanin; cn li l Glyxin v Gly-Gly vi t l mol tng ng
l 1:10. Tng khi lng Gly-Gly v Glyxin trong hn hp sn phm l
A. 25,11 gam. B. 27,90 gam. C. 34,875 gam. D. 28,80 gam.
( thi chn HSG tnh Thi Bnh, nm hc 2013 2014)
Cu 57: Thy phn mt pentapeptit mch h, thu c 3,045 gam Ala-Gly-Gly, 3,48 gam Gly-Val, 7,5 gam Gly, x
mol Val v y mol Ala. Gi tr x, y c th l:
A. 0,03; 0,035 hoc 0,13; 0,06 hoc 0,055; 0,135.
B. 0,055; 0,06 hoc 0,13; 0,06 hoc 0,03; 0,035.
C. 0,055; 0,135 hoc 0,035; 0,06 hoc 0,13; 0,06.
D. 0,03; 0,035 hoc 0,13; 0,035 hoc 0,055; 0,135.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT Trn Bnh Trng Ph Yn, nm 2015)
Cu 58: Khi thy phn khng hon ton mt peptit X c khi lng phn t 293 g/mol v cha 14,33%N (theo
khi lng) thu c 2 peptit Y v Z. 0,472 gam Y phn ng va ht vi 18 ml dung dch HCl 0,222M. 0,666 gam
peptit Z phn ng va ht vi 14,7 ml dung dch NaOH 1,6% (khi lng ring l 1,022 g/ml). Cu to c th c
ca X l:
A. Phe-Ala-Gly hoc Ala-Gly-Phe. B. Phe-Gly-Ala hoc Ala-Gly-Phe.
C. Ala-Phe-Gly hoc Gly-Phe-Ala. D. Phe-Ala-Gly hoc Gly-Ala-Phe.
Cu 59: Hn hp M gm Lys-Gly-Ala, Lys-Ala-Lys-Lys-Gly, Ala-Gly trong nguyn t oxi chim 21,3018%
khi lng. Cho 0,16 mol hn hp M tc dng vi dung dch HCl va thu c bao nhiu gam mui?
A. 90,48. B. 83,28. C. 93,36. D. 86,16.
Cu 60: Hn hp M gm mt peptit mch h X v mt peptit mch h Y (mi peptit c cu to t mt loi -
amino axit, tng s nhm CONH trong 2 phn t X, Y l 5) vi t l s mol nX : nY = 1 : 3. Khi thy phn hon
ton m gam M thu c 81 gam glyxin v 42,72 gam alanin. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 104,28. B. 109,5. C. 116,28. D. 110,28.
7
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
( thi chn hc sinh gii tnh Thi Bnh, nm 2015)
Cu 61: Cho m gam hn hp M gm 3 peptit X, Y, Z u mch h v c t l s mol nX : nY : nZ = 2 : 3 : 5. Thy
phn hon ton N, thu c 60 gam Gly, 80,1 gam Ala, 117 gam Val. Bit s lin kt peptit trong X, Y, Z khc
nhau v c tng l 6. Gi tr ca m l
A. 226,5. B. 255,4. C. 257,1. D. 176,5.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT Qunh Lu 1 Ngh An, nm 2015)
Cu 62: Hn hp A gm ba peptit mch h X, Y, Z c t l mol tng ng l 2 : 3 : 4. Thy phn hon ton m gam
A thu c hn hp sn phm gm 21,75 gam Glyxin v 16,02 gam Alanin. Bit s lin kt peptit trong phn t X
nhiu hn trong Z v tng s lin kt peptit trong ba phn t X, Y, Z nh hn 17. Gi tr ca m l
A. 30,93. B. 30,57. C. 30,21. D. 31,29.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 2 THPT Tnh Gia 2 Thanh Ha, nm 2015)
Cu 63: t chy hon ton 0,3 mol hn hp X gm propilen v 2 amin no mch h ng ng k tip trong oxi
d thu c 16,8 lt CO2, 2,016 lt N2 (ktc) v 16,74 gam H2O. Khi lng ca amin c khi lng mol phn t
nh hn l
A. 1,35 gam. B. 2,16 gam. C. 1,8 gam. D. 2,76 gam.
Cu 64: X l mt amino axit no, cha 1 nhm COOH v 1 nhm NH2. T m gam X iu ch c m1 gam
ipeptit Y. T 2m gam X iu ch c m2 gam tripeptit Z. t chy m1 gam Y thu c 0,9 mol H2O. t chy
m2 gam Z thu c 1,7 mol H2O. Gi tr ca m l
A. 11,25. B. 1335. C. 22,50. D. 26,70.
Lu : Lng CO2 thu c khi t chy Z bng gp 2 ln lng CO2 thu c khi t chy Y l v : Y c
iu ch t m gam X, cn Z c iu ch t 2m gam X.
Cu 65: un nng 0,14 mol hn hp M gm hai peptit X (CxHyOzN4) v Y (CnHmO7Nt) vi dung dch NaOH va
ch thu c dung dch cha 0,28 mol mui ca glyxin v 0,4 mol mui ca alanin. Mt khc, t chy m gam
M trong O2 va thu c hn hp CO2, H2O v N2, trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v nc l 63,312 gam.
Gi tr m gn nht vi:
A. 32. B. 18. C. 34. D. 28.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT Din Chu 5 Ngh An, nm 2015)
Cu 66: un nng 0,16 mol hn hp E gm hai peptit X (CxHyOzN6) v Y (CnHmO6Nt) cn dng 600 ml dung dch
NaOH 1,5M ch thu c dung dch cha a mol mui ca glyxin v b mol mui ca alanin. Mt khc, t chy
30,73 gam E trong O2 va thu c hn hp CO2, H2O v N2, trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v nc l
69,31 gam. Gi tr a : b gn nht vi
A. 0,730. B. 0,810. C. 0,756. D. 0,962.
( thi minh ha k thi THPT Quc Gia, nm 2015)
Cu 67: Hn hp X gm 0,1 mol mt -amino axit no, mch h A cha 1 nhm NH2, 1 nhm COOH v 0,025
mol pentapeptit mch h cu to t A. t chy hn hp X cn a mol O2, sn phm chy hp th ht vo 1 lt dung
dch NaOH 1,2M thu c dung dch Y. Rt t t dung dch cha 0,8a mol HCl vo dung dch Y thu c 14,448
lt CO2 (ktc). t 0,01a mol ipeptit mch h cu to t A cn V lt O2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,2491. B. 2,5760. C. 2,3520. D. 2,7783.
Cu 68: un nng 45,54 gam hn hp E gm hexapeptit X v tetrapeptit Y cn dng 580 ml dung dch NaOH 1M
ch thu c dung dch cha mui natri ca glyxin v valin. Mt khc, t chy cng lng E trn trong O2 va
thu c hn hp CO2, H2O, N2; trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O l 115,18 gam. Cng thc phn t ca
peptit X l
A. C17H30N6O7. B. C21H38N6O7.
C. C24H44N6O7. D. C18H32N6O7.
Cu 69: Thy phn hon ton m gam hn hp gm peptit X v peptit Y bng dung dch NaOH, thu c 151,2
gam hn hp gm cc mui natri ca Gly, Ala v Val. Mt khc, t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X, Y trn
cn 107,52 lt kh O2 (ktc) v thu c 64,8 gam H2O. Gi tr ca m l
A. 102,4. B. 97,0. C. 92,5. D. 107,8.
Cu 70: X, Y, Z, T l cc peptit u c to bi cc -amino axit no, cha mt nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH
v c tng s nguyn t oxi l 12. t chy 13,98 gam hn hp E cha X, Y, Z, T cn dng 14,112 lt O2 (ktc) thu
c CO2, H2O, N2. Mt khc, un nng 0,135 mol hn hp E bng dung dch NaOH (ly d 20% so vi phn
ng), c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c lng cht rn khan l
A. 31,5 gam. B. 24,51 gam. C. 36,05 gam. D. 25,84 gam.
8
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Cu 71: un nng 0,08 mol hn hp E gm hai peptit X (CxHyOzN6) v Y (CnHmO6Nt) cn dng 300 ml dung dch
NaOH 1,5M ch thu c dung dch cha a mol mui ca glyxin v b mol mui ca alanin. Mt khc, t chy
60,90 gam E trong O2 va thu c hn hp CO2, H2O, N2, trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O l 136,14
gam. Gi tr a : b l
A. 0,750. B. 0,625. C. 0,775. D. 0,875.
Cu 72: X v Y l hai peptit c to t cc -amino axit no, mch h, cha 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH.
un nng 0,1 mol hn hp E cha X, Y bng dung dch NaOH (va ). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c
m gam mui khan. t chy ton b lng mui ny thu c 0,2 mol Na2CO3 v hn hp gm CO2, H2O, N2
trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O l 65,6 gam. Mt khc t chy 1,51m gam hn hp E cn dng a mol
O2, thu c CO2, H2O v N2. Gi tr ca a gn nht vi
A. 2,5. B. 1,5. C. 3,5. D. 3,0.
Cu 73: un nng 0,045 mol hn hp E cha hai peptit X, Y (c s lin kt peptit hn km nhau 1) cn va
120 ml KOH 1M, thu c hn hp Z cha 3 mui ca Gly, Ala, Val trong mui ca Gly chim 33,832% v
khi lng. Mt khc, t chy hon ton 13,68 gam E cn dng 14,364 lt kh O2 (ktc), thu c hn hp kh v
hi trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O l 31,68 gam. Phn trm khi lng mui ca Ala trong Z gn nht
vi:
A. 45% B. 50% C. 55% D. 60%
Cu 74: Cho 0,7 mol hn hp T gm hai peptit mch h l X (x mol) v Y (y mol), u to bi glyxin v alanin.
un nng 0,7 mol T trong lng d dung dch NaOH th c 3,8 mol NaOH phn ng v thu c dung dch cha
m gam mui. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton x mol X hoc y mol Y th u thu c cng s mol CO2. Bit tng
s nguyn t oxi trong hai phn t X v Y l 13, trong X v Y u c s lin kt peptit khng nh hn 4. Gi tr
ca m l
A. 396,6. B. 340,8. C. 409,2. D. 399,4.
(K thi THPT Quc Gia nm 2015)
Cu 75: Hn hp X gm peptit A mch h c cng thc CxHyN5O6 v hp cht B c cng thc phn t l
C4H9NO2. Ly 0,09 mol X tc dng va vi 0,21 mol NaOH ch thu c sn phm l dung dch gm ancol
etylic v a mol mui ca glyxin, b mol mui ca alanin. Nu t chy hon ton 41,325 gam hn hp X bng lng
oxi va th thu c N2 v 96,975 gam hn hp CO2 v H2O. Gi tr a : b gn nht vi
A. 0,50. B. 0,76. C. 1,30. D. 2,60.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 3 THPT chuyn i hc Vinh Ngh An, nm 2015)
Cu 76: Hn hp E gm tripeptit X v pentapeptit Y, u c to thnh t amino axit no, mch h ch cha mt
nhm NH2 v mt nhm COOH. Cho 0,1 mol E tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch HCl 1M thu c dung dch Z,
dung dch Z tc dng va vi 620 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc, t chy 13,15 gam E trong lng O2 va
, ly sn phm to thnh sc vo dung dch NaOH d, thy thot ra 2,352 lt kh ( ktc). Amino axit to thnh X
v Y l:
A. gly v ala. B. gly. C. ala. D. gly v val.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT ng Thc Ha Ngh An, nm 2015)
Cu 77: Peptit X v peptit Y c tng lin kt peptit bng 8. Thy phn hon ton X cng nh Y u thu c Gly
v Val. t chy hon ton hn hp E cha X v Y c t l mol tng ng 1 : 3 cn dng 22,176 lt O2 (ktc). Sn
phm chy gm CO2, H2O v N2. Dn ton b sn phm chy qua bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy khi
lng bnh tng 46,48 gam, kh thot ra khi bnh c th tch 2,464 lt (ktc). Thy phn hon ton hn hp E thu
c a mol Gly v b mol Val. T l a : b l
A. 1 : 1. B. 1 : 2. C. 2 : 1. D. 2 : 3.
( thi th THPT Quc Gia ln 1 THPT Ph Dc Thi Bnh, nm 2015)
Cu 78: Thy phn m gam hn hp X gm mt tetrapeptit A v mt pentapeptit B (A v B cha ng thi glyxin
v alanin trong phn t) bng mt lng dung dch NaOH va ri c cn thu c (m + 15,8) gam hn hp
mui. t chy ton b lng mui sinh ra bng mt lng oxi va thu c Na2CO3 v hn hp hi Y gm
CO2, H2O v N2. Dn ton b hn hp hi Y i rt chm qua bnh ng dung dch NaOH c d thy khi lng
bnh tng thm 56,04 gam so vi ban u v c 4,928 lt mt kh duy nht (ktc) thot ra khi bnh. Xem nh N2
khng b nc hp th, cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca A trong hn hp X l
A. 55,92%. B. 35,37%. C. 30,95%. D. 53,06%.
9
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Cu 79: X l peptit mch h cu to t axit glutamic v -amino axit Y no, mch h cha 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm
COOH. tc dng va vi 0,1 mol X cn 0,7 mol NaOH to thnh hn hp mui trung ho. t 6,876 gam
X cn 8,2656 lt O2 (ktc). t m gam tetrapeptit mch h cu to t Y cn 20,16 lt O2 (ktc). Gi tr ca m l
A. 24,60. B. 18,12. C. 15,34. D. 13,80.
Cu 80: Hn hp X gm AlaValAla,ValVal, AlaAla, AlaVal, ValAla. Thu phn hon ton hn hp X thu
c Alanin v Valin c t l v khi lng l Alanin:Valin=445:468. t 0,4 mol hn hp X thu c tng khi
lng CO2 v H2O l 216,1 gam. Phn trm khi lng AlaValAla trong hn hp X l
A. 31,47%. B. 33,12%. C. 32,64%. D. 34,08%.
Cu 81: Cho m gam hn hp E gm mt peptit X v mt amino axit Y (MX > 4MY) c trn theo t l mol 1 : 1
tc dng vi mt lng dung dch NaOH va , thu c dung dch G cha (m + 12,24) gam hn hp mui natri
ca glyxin v alanin. Dung dch G phn ng ti a vi 360 ml dung dch HCl 2M, thu c dung dch T cha
63,72 gam hn hp mui. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Kt lun no sau y ng?
A. X c 6 lin kt peptit.
B. X c thnh phn trm khi lng nit l 20,29%.
C. Y c thnh phn phn trm khi lng nit l 15,73%.
D. X c 5 lin kt peptit.
Cu 82: Hn hp A gm 2 ancol X, Y u mch h c t l mol 1 : 1 (X nhiu hn Y mt nguyn t C). t chy
hon ton hn hp A, sn phm ch cha CO2 v H2O c t l khi lng tng ng l 22 : 9. Z l axit cacboxylic
no hai chc, mch h; G l este thun chc c iu ch t Z vi X v Y. Hn hp B gm X, Y, G c t l mol 2 :
1 : 2. un nng 8,31 gam hn hp B cn dng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,3M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu
c phn hi D cha cc cht hu c. Ly ton b D tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 9,78 gam
kt ta. Tn gi ca Z l
A. axit oxalic. B. axit malonic.
C. axit glutaric. D. axit aipic.
P N V HNG DN GII
1D 2D 3B 4A 5B 6A 7B 8C 9C 10B
11C 12D 13A 14B 15A 16B 17A 18C 19B 20D
21B 22B 23A 24B 25A 26C 27A 28B 29D 30D
31C 32A 33D 34B 35D 36C 37C 38D 39A 40A
41B 42D 43C 44A 45B 46D 47D 48B 49C 50B
51A 52A 53C 54D 55B 56B 57A 58C 59A 60A
61A 62A 63D 64D 65D 66A 67D 68A 69A 70A
71D 72C 73B 74A 75C 76A 77A 78D 79D 80A
81B 82C
10
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Cu 1:
M X 31,6 CH CH : 0,12 mol
H2 O
6,32 gam X gom
X
xt
anehit ... CH C CH 3 : 0,08 mol
CH3CHO : x mol
CH3COCH 3 : y mol
dung dch Y
CH CH H2 O, t o
xt
CH C CH 3
CH CH : (0,12 x) mol
CH C CH 3 : (0,08 y) mol
hon hp kh Z
44x
C%CH3CHO 1,3046%
200 26x 40y x 0,06; y 0,02
M Z 6,32 26x 40y 16,5.2 VZ 0,06.2.22,4 2,688 lt
0,12 x 0,08 y
Cu 2:
Phng trnh phan ng :
o
t , xt
C4 H10 C4 H 6 2H 2
mol : x x 2x
o
t , xt
C4 H10 Cn H 2n Cm H 2m 2
mol : y y y
n X 4
n C4 H10 3 n 4 n kh tang 4
Chon n X MY X
n C4 H8 1 0,5 n Y 8 n lien ket tang 4
nY M X
Trong 8 mol Y co 1 4 5 mol lien ket n Br2 p vi 0,1 mol Y 0,625
Trong 1 mol Y co 0,625 mol lien ket m Br2 p vi 0,1 mol Y 100 gam
Cu 3:
11
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Cac hirocacbon trong X co dang Cn H 4 .
Y phan ng vi Br2 nen trong Y khong con H 2 .
S o phan ng :
Cn H 4 : a mol t o , Ni Br2 0,45
Cn H x : 0,25 mol Cn H x Bry
H 2 : b mol
hon hp Y, M 46 0,25
hon hp X
12n x 46
12n x 46 n 3,4
2n x 2
.0,25 0,45 2n x 1,6 x 5,2
2
C H : 0,25 to , Ni
Hon hp X ban au la 3,4 4 v C3,4 H 4 0,6H 2 C3,4 H 5,2
H 2 : 0,15
Phan ng cua X vi Br2 : C3,4 H 4 2,4Br2
C3,4 H 4 Br4,8
0,25 0,6
0,4 mol X lam mat mau 0,6.160 96 gam Br2
0,25.96
0,25 mol X lam mat mau 60 gam Br2
0,4
Cu 4:
MX1 9 Trong X1 co H2 , Y a chuyen het thanh hirocacbon no.
nX MX1 4,5
n X .MX n X .M X1 .
1
nX MX 3
1
n 4,5
Chon X nH p 1,5.
nY 3 2
Neu X la Cn H2n th :
nC H n H p 1,5 1,5.14n 3.2
n 2n 2
MX 6 n 1 (loai).
n
H2 b 3 4,5
Neu X la Cn H2n 2 th :
2n nC H d nC H nAgNO 0,7
C2H2 d 4 4 4 6 3
nC2H2 d nC4H4 d nC4H6 0,9 0,45 0,45
2nC2H2 d 3nC4H4 d 2nC4H6 2nC2H2 ban au 3nC4H4 ban au nBr2 nH2 1
12
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
n 0,25
C2H2 d
nC4 H4 d 0,1 m ket tua 0,25.240
0,1.159
0,1.161
92 gam
mC Ag m C H Ag m C H Ag
nC4 H6 0,1 2 2 4 3 4 5
Cu 6:
6,76
MROR 84,5 R 34,25 2 ancol la Cn H2n1OH.
0,08
m ancol d m T mete m H O 27,2 6,76 0,08.18 19
2 n 2,6
27,2
ot chay Z cung nh ot chay T : .6n 4.1,95 X : C2 H5OH
14n
18 T :
Y : C3 H7OH
ne nhan
ne nhng
n C H OH n C H OH 0,5 nC H OH 0,2
2 5 3 7
2 5
46nC H OH 60n C H OH 27,2 nC H OH 0,3
2 5 3 7 3 7
n C H OH phan ng tao ete 0,2x; nC H OH phan ng tao ete 0,3y
2 5 3 7
x 0,5 (50%)
0,2x.46 0,3y.60 6,76 18(0,1x 0,15y)
0,2x 0,3y 0,08.2 y 0,2 (20%)
Cu 7:
x y 0,57 x 0,1
2x 3y 2,01 4.0,1 y 0,47
P3 : at n C H OH p a mol; n C H OH p b mol; n C H OH p c mol.
2 5 3 7 4 7
M 46,08
32 (CH3OH)
RCH2OH 3.0,48
13
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Phng trnh phan ng :
o
t
RCH 2 OH O RCHO H 2 O
o
t
RCH 2 OH 2O RCOOH H 2 O
7,36 4,16
n O p 0,2
0,2 n RCH OH p 0,1 X la CH 3OH
16 2
nO M 41,6 n 0,13
1 2 RCH2OH CH3OH b
n RCH2OH
n HOH n HCOOH n HCHO n CH OH p
3 n 0,09
7,36 4,16 HCOOH
n HCOOH n HOH nO p 0,2 n CH OH d 0,02
16
3
Cu 10:
2n n Ag 1 n
RCHO 0,5
20,8 RCHO
m RCHO 10,4 M RCHO 20,8 (loai)
2
4n 2n CH CHO n Ag 1 n HCHO 0,2 n 0,2
HCHO 3 CH3OH
30n HCHO 44n CH3CHO 10,4 n CH3CHO 0,1 n C2H5OH 0,1
h% 60%
Cu 11:
Ag : 2y mol
AgNO3 / NH3
COOH : x mol
to
CHO : y mol
NaOH
COONH 4 NH 3
xy 0,02 mol
2y 0,0375 y 0,01875
3
x y 0,02 x 1,25.10
m X m muoi 1,86 1,25.10 3 (62 45) 0,01875(62 29) 1,22 gam
Cu 12:
21,6.2
H (X, Y, Z) 4 X la CH 3OH; Y la HCOOCH3
18.0,6
1,1 1.0,3 2.0,1
C(X, Y, Z) 24,64 1,8 CZ 3, Z la CH 2 (CHO)2
0,2
22,4.0,6
n Ag 2n HCOOCH 4n CH 1 mol m Ag 108 gam
3 2 (CHO)2
n C trong T n CO 0,12
2
n n COOH n CHO 0,12
2n CHO n Ag 0,1 C trong T
X, Y, Z khong co C goc hirocacbon
n COOH n NaHCO3 n CO2 0,07
50 M M M X, Y, Z khong the la HCHO, HCOOH
X Y Z
X, Y, Z lan lt la OHC CHO, OHC COOH, HOOC COOH
m T m CHO m COOH 0,05.29 0,07.45 4,6 gam
Cu 14:
n 1 0,05 0,05
3X CX 1
0,05
nC trong 1 X nCO2 nCaCO3 0,05 X gom CH OH; HCHO; HCOOH
3 3
nCH OH nHCHO nHCOOH 0,05 nCH OH 0,02; nHCHO 0,01; nHCOOH 0,02
3 3
4nHCHO 2nHCOOH nAg 0,08 m0,15 mol X 3(0,02.32 0,01.30 0,02.46)
nCH3OH nHCOOH 2nH2 0,04 5,58 gam
Cu 15:
n C trong T n CO 0,12
2
n n COOH n CHO 0,12
2n CHO n Ag 0,1 C trong T
X, Y, Z khong co C goc hirocacbon
n COOH n NaHCO3 n CO2 0,07
50 M M M X, Y, Z khong the la HCHO, HCOOH
X Y Z
X, Y, Z lan lt la OHC CHO, OHC COOH, HOOC COOH
m T m CHO m COOH 0,05.29 0,07.45 4,6 gam
Cu 16:
CH 3CH 2 OH
C n H6O
CH 2 CHCH 2 OH
x mol
BT H : 6x 4y 0,35.2
M gom CH COOH
3
BT O : x 2y 0,25
CH 2 CHCOOH C m H 4 O2
HCOOCH
y mol
3
x 0,05 n OH n Cm H4O2 0,1 0,05.171
C%Ba(OH) 17,1%
y 0,1 n Ba(OH)2 0,05
2
50
Cu 17:
15
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Cu 18:
n NaOH 0,4
1 Y la anehit no, n chc
n X (2 este n chc) 0,3
este cua phenol (x mol)
X NaOH AgNO3 / NH3
X gom
Y Ag
este cua ankin (y mol)
n chc
H O O2 , t o
n X x y 0,3 x 0,1; y 0,2 C
n 2n
CO2 H 2 O
0,2 mol 0,2n mol 0,2n mol
n NaOH 2x y 0,4 n Y (Cn H 2 nO ) 0,2
0,2n(44 18) 24,8 n 2
X NaOH
muoi C2 H 4 O H 2 O (n H O n este cua phenol )
37,6 gam
2
0,4 mol
0,2 mol 0,1 mol
Cu 20:
X
NaOH Glixerol muoi cua axit hu c
0,1 0,3
n n
Cn H2 n1COOCm H 2 m1 n 0,12
n C H OH C m H 2 m 1OH
Cn H2 n1COOC m H2 m1 m 2 m 1
n NaOH 0,2
2
n C7 H8O5 0,1
2 chc este
X la R '(OH)2
Z co R ' 25 (loai)
M 72
mot chc OH
Y la R(COOH)2
1 chc este X la R '(OH)2
R ' 42 (C3 H 6 )
Z co 1 chc axit M 72
R 24 (C C )
va mot chc OH Y la R(COOH)2
Z co 3 ong phan la :
HOOC C C COOCH 2 CHOHCH3
HOOC C C COOCH2 CH 2 CH 2 OH
HOOC C C COOCH(CH2 OH)CH3
Cu 23:
X : Cn H 2n O2 (k 1); Y : Cm H 2m 2 O2 (k 2).
m ( X, Y) m O 44 n CO 18n H O n CO 0,58; n O/( X, Y) 0,4
2 2 2
2
14,4 0,64.32 ? 0,52
(k 1)n hchc n Y n CO n H O 0,06
n 2 n O 2 n CO n H O 2 2
O/( X, Y)
n X (0,4 0,06.2) / 2 0,14
2 2 2
? 0,64 ? 0,52
X la HCOOCH3 ; B la C3 H 5COOH
n 2
BT C : 0,14n 0,06m 0,58 Y la C3 H 5COOCH3 ;A la HCOOH
m 5
Z la CH3 OH
+ Vy c 3 kt lun ng l : (1), (5), (6).
+ (2) sai v nhm -CHO ch lm mt mu dung dch Br2 trong nc. (3) sai v Y c th c cc cng thc cu to
khc nhau :
17
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Cu 26:
18
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
n T n CO n H O 0,32 0,29 0,03 n T 0,03
2 2
BT E : 2n X 2n T n Ag 0,16 n X 0,05
BT O : 2n 2n 4n 8,58 0,32.12 0,29.2 n Y 0,02
X Y T
16
BT C : 0,05 (n 1)0,02 (2 m n)0,03 0,32 n 2, m 3
n X n Y 2n T n NaOH NaOH d
m E m NaOH m chat ran m H O m C H (OH)
8,58
0,15.40
2
2
3 6
n
O/ X, Y, Z 2n COO
2n NaOH 2.0,3 0,6
m(C, H) 12x 2y 21,62 0,3.2.16 12,02 x 0,87
m dd giam 100x (44x 18y) 34,5 y 0,79
n X n Y n Z n COO n NaOH 0,3
X la HCOOCH3
0,87
C(X, Y, Z) 2,9 k X 1
0,3
n n Y n Z 0,3 n X 0,22 0,87 0,22.2
X C(Y , X) 5,375
n Y n Z 0,08 n Y n Z 0,08 0,08
Y la CH 3 CH CH COOCH 3
m C H COONa 0,08.108 8,64 gam
Z la CH 3 CH CH COOC 2 H 5
3 5
Cu 29:
19
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
n n R''COONa 0,2
R 'COONa HCOONa 0,4.2 0,2
1 3 Hai muoi la ;a 3
2 C H
2 a COONa 0,2
2
n R 'COONa n R ''COONa x t y t 0,2
n COO n NaOH x y 2t 0,4
n R(OH)2 n H2 z t 0,26
m 36,46 46x 72y 76z 158t 38,86
E
x y
x y 0,075; z 0,135; t 0,125
2x 2t 0,4
0,125.158
z t 0,26 %m T (HCOOC3 H 6 OOCCH3 ) 38,86 50,82%
118x 76z 158t 38,86
Cu 30:
20
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
S o phan ng :
H2O
Este A NaOH
4,84 gam ? (1)
O , to
2 muoi Z
2
Na2 CO3 CO2 H 2 O
(2)
? gam 0,04 mol 0,24 mol 1,8 gam
n C/ A n Na CO n CO 0,28
2 3 2 n : n : n 7 : 5 : 2
m A mC mH C H O
n O/ A 0,08 A la (C 7 H 5O 2 )n
16
n 2; A la C6 H 5 OOC COOC6 H 5
n NaOH : n H2O (1) 2
0,04.116
A la (C 7 H 5O 2 )n %C6 H 5 ONa 7,32 63,39%
Cu 31:
m Z m O m CO m H O
2 2 2
x 0,36; n CO 0,09
2,76 0,105.32 11x 6x 2
n
O trong Z
2 nO 2 nCO n H O
2 2 2
n
H2 O
0,12; n O trong Z 0,09
? 0,105 11x/ 44 6x /18
21
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
n C trong T n CO 0,3
n C trong T n COOH n CHO 0,3
2
2n CHO n Ag 0,52 0,04 0,26
X, Y, Z khong co C goc hirocacbon
n COOH n KHCO3 0,04
50 M X M Y M Z X, Y, Z khong the la HCHO, HCOOH
X, Y, Z lan lt la OHC CHO, OHC COOH , HOOC COOH
x mol y mol z mol
x 4(y z) x 0,12
0,02.74
n C 2x 2y 2z 0,3 y 0,02 %Y 15,85%
n 0,26.29 0,04.45
CHO 2x y 0,26 z 0,01
Cu 34:
AgNO / NH , t o
M
3 3
Ag X : HCOOH
X : HCOOH (k 1, x mol)
Y : Cn H 2n 1COOH (k 1, y mol)
Z : Cm H 2m 1COOH (k 1, y mol)
T : (HCOO)(C H COO)(C H COO)C H (k 3, z mol)
n 2n 1 m 2m 1 a 2a 1
22
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
COOH HO COO
R R
HO R' R'
COOH COO
HO
COOH COO
R + R
COOH COO
HO
COOH R' COO R'
R HO R
COOH HO COO
k X k COO k vong 8 n CO 0,6; n H O 0,25; n X 0,05
2 2
n 2 n 3 n 4
hoac hoac
Y la (COOH)2 Y la CH 2 (COOH)2 Y la C2 H 4 (COOH)2
Trong 29 gam X co 0,1 mol Y Trong 43,5 gam X co 0,15 mol.
Trong phan ng cua X vi NaHCO3
(COONa)2 : 0,15 mol
Neu Y la (COOH)2 th muoi la NaHCO3 : 0,1 mol
m
muoi 28,5 gam
CH 2 (COONa)2 : 0,15 mol
Neu Y la CH 2 (COOH)2 th muoi la NaHCO3 : 0,1 mol
m
muoi 30,6 gam
C H (COONa) : 0,15 mol
2 4 2
23
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
n
n E COO 0,15
nCO 0,57 2 X la CH2 (COOH)2 ; Z la C2 H6 (COO)2
2 ;
n 0,42 n CO Y la C2 H 4 (COOH)2 ; T la C3 H8 (COO)2
H2O CE 2
3,8
nE
O , to
2Cn H 2n 1COONa
2
(2n 1)CO2 (2n 1)H2 O Na2 CO3
nx 0,07
m
muoi (14n 68)x 4,38 CH3COONa : 0,03 mol
x 0,05 ; D gom (*)
n CO2 (n 0,5)x 0,095 C2 H5COONa : 0,02 mol
n 1,4
n 0,03; MC 50 n 0,03
C C (**)
C : khong c ieu che trc tiep t chat vo c C la C 2 H 5 OH
m m C2 H5COONa TN1
1 m 4,12 gam
a m C H COONa TN2
2 5
Cu 39:
24
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
x mol CO2
a mol X O2 , t o k k Y 2 (*)
y mol H 2 O X (I)
a mol Y x a y X, Y : Ca H 2a 2 O...
Ag : 0,8 mol
AgNO3 / NH3
X, Y no, mach h to
(II)
X, Y khac chc
NaOH
0,25 mol to
Cx H 2x 1COONa
Ancol
Cy H 2y 1COONa 7,6 gam
15 gam
X : C n H 2n (CHO)2
(I), (II) suy ra :
Y : C x H 2x 1COOC m H 2m OOCC y H 2y 1
Neu ch co X tham gia phan ng trang gng
n Ag
n 0,2 n Cm H 2 m (OH)2 0,05
Cn H2 n (CHO)2 4 m 8,42 (loai)
n 0,05 M
Cm H 2 m (OH)2 152
Y
Neu ca X, Y tham gia phan ng trang gng
Y la HCOOC m H 2m OOCC y H 2y 1
n 0,15 n Cm H2 m (OH)2 0,1
n X n Y 0,25 X n3
4n 2n 0,8 n Y 0,1 M Cm H2 m (OH)2 76
X Y
y 1
n HCOONa n C H COONa 0,1
y 2 y 1
Y la HOOCC3 H 6 OOCCH3
m HCOONa m Cy H2 y1COONa 15 X la C H (CHO)
4 8 2
VO (ktc)
25,3162 gan nhat vi gia tr 25,3
2
0 0 0 0 0 4 2 1 2 0
o
t
Lu y: C x H y Oz N t O 2 CO 2 H 2 O N 2
n electron O nhan 4n O
2 2
(4x y 2z)n C H O N 4n O
n electron Cx Hy Oz N t nhng (4x y 2z)n Cx Hy Oz Nt
x y z t 2
Cu 41:
25
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
X la Cn H 2n O2 (k 1, x mol)
E gom Y la Cm H 2m 1COOH (k 2, y mol)
Z la C H COOC H OOCC H (k 4, y mol)
m 2m 1 2 4 m 2m 1
n y 2y 0,14 (X HCOOR)
Br2 y 0,14 / 3
44n CO 18nH O 19,74 n CO2 0,3725
2 2
n CO n H O (k 1)n hchc 4y n H2O 0,1859
2 2
y 0,14 / 3 y 0,14 / 3
(loai)
n O/ E 2x 2y 4y 2n CO2 n H2O 2n O2 0,2609 x 0,0191
n CO
C E n 2,53 X la HCOOCH 3 m X 0,11.60 6,6 gam
2
Cu 42:
o
H 2 SO4 ac , t
R
'OH H 60%
R
'O
R'
Y Z, 8,04 gam
KOH
RCOOR
' 0,7 mol
hon hp A, B
BaCO3 : x mol
O2 CO Ba(OH)2
Cx H 2 .yH 2 O 2
H 2 O
Ca(OH)2 BaCO3 : y mol
Ba(HCO3 )2
CaCO3 : y mol
n 0,38
n Ba(OH) x y 0,2 y 0,18 CO2
2
0,38
m ket tua 100y 197y 53,46 x 0,02 x
0,15
0,38 1
BT electron : (4x 2)n X 4nO n O .0,15 0,455 mol
2 2
0,15 2
Cu 44:
X l axit cacboxylic no, hai chc; Y l ancol hai chc; Z l este thun chc to bi
Hon hp E O to
CO2 H 2 O
2
13,8 gam 0,51.32 gam ? 21,12 gam 9 gam Y la ancol no.
n : n 0,5 : 0,48 1,04 1
H 2O CO2
X : Cn H 2n (COOH)2 (k 2, x mol)
Y : Cm H 2m (OH)2 (k 0, y mol)
E gom COO
Z : C H Cm H 2m (k 3, z mol)
n 2n
COO
Cu 45:
27
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
HCOONa CO2
O2 , t o
x mol
RCOONa Na2 CO3
NaOH H2 O
0,32 mol
y mol
Y
n C/ A n Na CO n CO 0,28
2 3 2 n : n : n 0,28 : 0,2 : 0,08 7 : 5 : 2
4,84 0,28.12 0,2 C H O
n O/ A 0,08 CTPT cua X la C14 H10 O4
16
C6 H 5OOC COOC6 H 5 4NaOH NaOOC COONa
2C H ONa 2H 2O
6 5
0,08 0,02
X, 0,02 mol 0,04 0,04
%m 0,02.116
C H ONa .100% 63,39%
6 5
7,32
Cu 47:
28
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
n C n CO 0,2
2 10,8 0,2.12 0,8 0,2.14
nO 0,3
n H 2n H O 8 16
2
n : n : n : n 2 : 8 : 3 : 2 X la C H O N
n N 2n N2 0,2 C H O N 2 8 3 2
Cu 50:
29
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
dd T
30
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Cu 54:
n 2n 0,4
n H NCH COOH n NH n HCl 0,04 O COOH
2 2 2
2.10,6 n CO 0,34; n H O 0,31
n COOH n NaOH 2n Na2 CO3 0,2 2 2
106 n 0,02
N2
n O/muoi 2 n O 2 n CO n H O 3n Na CO
2 2 2
2
3
0,4 ? 0,445 0,34 0,31 0,1
m muo i
m O m CO m H O m N m Na CO
2
?17,46 0,445.32 2 2
2 2
3
0,34.44 0,31.18 0,02.28 10,6
%m 0,04.75
glyxin
.100% 22,97%
13,06
Cu 55:
Y la H 2 NR(COOH)n : x mol
X gom (x y) (*)
Z la H 2 NR '(COOH)m : y mol
67,4 52,8 52,8
n X, Y) n HCl x y 0,4 M X 132
36,5 0,4
(**)
n 66 52,8 0,6
n COOH nx my 0,6 COOH 1,5
COONa 22 0,4
(*), (**) n 1 m 2 th x y : trai vi gia thiet
T v
CY CZ m 3 hoac 4 m 5 th M X , M Y 132 M X
Neu m 3 th
X la H2 NCa H 2a COOH x y 0,4 x 0,3
;
Y la H2 NCa 2 H2a 6 (COOH)3 x 3y 0,6 y 0,1
0,3.(61 14a) 0,1.(14a 121) 52,8 a 4; %m Z 33,52%
Neu m 4 th
X la H2 NCa H 2a COOH x y 0,4 x 0,3
;
Y la H2 NCa 3 H 2a 9 (COOH)4 x 3y 0,6 y 0,1
0,3.(61 14a) 0,1.(14a 151) 52,8 a 3,46 (loai).
Cu 56:
T cac san pham tao thanh trong qua trnh thuy phan T. Suy ra T la :
Ala Gly Ala Gly Gly hay (Ala)2 (Gly)3 .
S o phan ng:
(Ala)2(Gly)3
(Ala)2 (Gly)2 (Ala)2(Gly) (Ala)(Gly)2 AlaGly Ala Gly GlyGly
mol: m 0,12 0,05 0,08 0,18 0,1 x 10x
Theo s bao toan nhom Ala, Gly, ta co :
2m 0,12.2 0,05.2 0,08 0,18 0,1 m 0,35
3m 0,12.2 0,05 0, 08.2 0,18 x 20x x 0,02
m(Gly, GlyGlu) 0,02.75 0,2.(75.2 18) 27,9 gam
Cu 57:
31
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Da vao san pham cua phan ng thuy phan, suy ra so goc Gly la 2 hoac 3.
at cong thc cua pentapeptit la (Gly)a (Ala)b (Val)c .
3,045 3,48 7,5
n AlaGly Gly 0,015; n Gly Val 0,02; n Gly 0,1.
203 174 75
S o phan ng :
(Gly)a (Ala)b (Val)c
Ala Gly Gly Gly Val Gly Val Ala
mol : m 0,015 0,02 0,1 x y
am 0,015.2 0,02 0,1 0,15
bm 0,015 y
mc 0,02 x
a 2 m 0,075 a 2 m 0,075 a 3 m 0,05
b 2 y 0,135 ; b 1 y 0,06 ; b 1 y 0,035
c 1 x 0,055 c 2 x 0,13 c 1 x 0,03
Cu 58:
293.14,33%
So nguyen t N trong X 3. Suy ra :
14
X la tripeptit va Y, Z la ipeptit. Cong thc cua Y va Z la :
H 2 NCHR1CONHCHR 2 COOH; H 2 NCHR3CONHCHR 4 COOH.
Trong phan ng cua Y vi HCl :
n Y 0,5nHCl 2.103 1 2
R1 15 (CH3 )
R R 106
3 2
M Y 0,472 : 2.10 236 R 91 (C6 H 5 CH 2 )
Y la Ala Phe hay Phe Ala.
Trong phan ng cua Z vi NaOH :
n Z 0,5n NaOH 3.10 3 3
R 1 (H )
R 3 R 4 92 2
3
M Z 0,666 : 3.10 222 R 91 (C6 H 5 CH 2 )
Z la Gly Phe hay Phe Gly.
Vay X la Gly Phe Ala hoac Ala Phe Gly
Cu 59:
Ala Gly : 0,16 mol C H O N : 0,16 mol
Quy oi X thanh 5 10 3 2
Lys : x mol C6 H12 ON 2 : x mol
Theo gia thiet, ta co:
3.16.0,16 16x
%O trong X 21,3018% x 0,24 mol.
146.0,16 128x
S o phan ng :
C5 H10 O3 N 2 H 2 O 2HCl muoi
mol : 0,16 0,16 0,32
C6 H12ON 2 H2 O 2HCl muoi
mol : 0,24 0,24 0,48
Suy ra : m muoi (146.0,16
128.0,24) 0,4.18 90,48 gam
0,8.36,5
mX mH m HCl
2O
Cu 60:
32
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
33
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
4
t 2 n
3
BT C : 0,09n 3.(0,3 0,09) 0,75 hai a min la CH N va C H N
6 2 2 8 2
n CH N n C H N 0,09
6 2 2 8 2 n 0,06; n C H N 0,03
CH6 N2 2 8 2
n CH N 2 C H N
4 m
C2 amin 6 2 2 8 2
CH6 N2 0,06.46 2,76 gam
0,09 3
Cu 64:
O2 , t o
m gam X Y (2Cn H2n 1O2 N H 2O) n CO n H O 0,9
2 2
O2 , t o
2m gam X Z (3Cn H 2n 1O2 N 2H2 O) n CO 1,8; n H O 1,7
2 2
34
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
C H O N 4NaOH muoi H 2 O
x y z 4
Cm H n O7 N t 6NaOH muoi H 2O
n C H O N (tetrapeptit: (A) ) x x y 0,14 x 0,08
x y z 4 4
n Cm Hn O7 Nt ( hexapeptit: (A')6 ) y 4x 6y 0,68 y 0,06
Chuyen (A)4 , (A')6 thanh cac ipeptit :
(A)4 H 2 O
2(A)2
mol : 0,08 0,08
(A')6 2H 2 O
3(A')2
mol : 0,06 0,12
0,14 mol M khoi lng 0,28.97 0,4.111 0,14.18 0,68.40 46,88
O2
n CO 0,28.2 0,4.3 1,76
2
0,14 mol M m (CO , H O) 105,52
n 1,76 0,2 1,56 2 2
2 H O
m 46,88
m 28,128 gan nhat vi 28
62,312 105,52
Cu 66:
C H O N 6NaOH muoi H 2 O
x y z 6
; BTNT Na : a b 0,9 (*)
Cm H n O6 N t 5NaOH muoi H 2 O
n C H O N (hexapeptit: (A) ) x x y 0,16 x 0,1
x y z 6 6
n Cm HnO6N t (pentapeptit: (A')5 ) y 6x 5y 0,9 y 0,06
Chuyen (A)6 , (A')5 thanh cac ipeptit :
(A)6 2H 2 O
3(A)2
mol : 0,1 0,2
2(A')5 3H2 O
5(A')2
mol : 0,06 0,09
0,16 mol M m M 97a 111b 0,16.18 0,9.40 97a 111b 33,12
O2
n CO 2a 3b; n H O 2a 3b 0,29
2 2
0,16 mol M m
(CO2 , H2O) 62(2a 3b) 5,22
97a 111b 33,12 30,73
(**)
62(2a 3b) 5,22 69,31
T (*), (*) suy ra : a 0,38; b 0,52; a : b 0,73
Cu 67:
0,1 mol CnH2n1O2N a mol O2 a mol O2
CO2 0,225 mol CnH2n1O2N
0,025 mol (5CnH2n1O2N 4H2O)
0,025n mol
35
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
NaOH
Na CO HCl: 0,8a mol NaCl : 0,8a mol
CO2 2 3 CO
1,2 mol
NaHCO
cho t t
NaHCO :(1,2 0,8a) mol 2
0,225n mol 3 3 0,645 mol
? 0,01a
Cu 68:
X la Cn H 2n 4 N 6 O 7 (12 n 30) : x mol
Y la Cm H 2m 2 N 4 O 5 (8 m 20) : y mol
6x 4y 0,58 6x 4y 0,58
(14n 192)x (14m 134)y 45,54 12408x 8560y 1210,96
(62n 36)x (62m 18)y 115,18 (14n 192)x (14m 134)y 45,54
x 0, 07; y 0,04 n 17; m 18
0,07.14n 0,04.14m 26,74 X la C17 H 30 N 6 O 7
Cu 69:
Cac muoi natri cua cac a min o axit co cong thc la Cn H 2n O2 NNa.
ot chay Cn H 2n O2 NNa hoac ot chay X, Y can lng O2 nh nhau.
o
t
2Cn H 2n O 2 NNa O2 (2n 1)CO2 2nH 2 O Na2 CO3 N 2
(2n 1)x
mol : x nx 0,5x 0,5x
2
107,52
44(n 0,5)x 18nx 0,5x.106 0,5x.28 151,2 .32
nx 3,9
22,4
x 151,2 x 1,4
14n 69
n CO sinh ra khi ot chay E n C/ muoi 3,9; n N sinh ra khi ot chay E 0,7
2 2
Cu 70:
12
O( X, Y, Z, T)
3 (min) X, Y, Z, Y eu la cac ipeptit Cn H 2n O3 N 2 .
4
Trong phan ng chay, theo bao toan electron ta co :
13,98(6n 6)
(6n 6)n C H O3 N2
4n O 2,52 n 5,666
n 2n
14n 76 2
Cx H y Oz N 6 6NaOH
muoi H 2 O
; BTNT Na : a b 0,45 (*)
Cm H n O6 N t 5NaOH muoi H 2 O
36
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
n C H O N (hexapeptit: (A)6 ) x
x y 0,08 x 0,05
x y z 6
n Cm Hn O6 Nt (pentapeptit: (A')5 ) y 6x 5y 0,45 y 0,06
Chuyen (A)6 , (A')5 thanh cac ipeptit :
(A)6 2H 2 O
3(A)2
mol : 0,05 0,1
2(A')5 3H2 O
5(A')2
mol : 0,03 0,045
0,08 mol E m E 97a 111b 0,08.18 0,45.40 97a 111b 16,56
O2 n CO2 2a 3b; n H2O 2a 3b 0,145
0,08 mol M
m (CO2 , H2O) 62(2a 3b) 2,61
97a 111b 16,56 60,9
(**)
62(2a 3b) 2,61 136,14
T (*), (*) suy ra : a 0,21; b 0,24; a : b 0,875
Cu 72:
n NaOH 2n Na CO 0,4; n NaOH : n( X, Y ) 4 X, Y la Cn H 2n 2 N 4O 5 .
2 3
x y z 0,12
x 0,045
113x
33,832% y 0,06
113x 127y 155z x 0,015
113x 127y 155z 15,03 0,12.56 0,045.18
0,06.127
%m C H O NK 50,7% gan nhat vi 50%
3 6 2
15,03
Cu 74:
37
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
X, Y co tong so nguyen t O la 13
So lien ket peptit cua X, Y khong nho hn 4
So lien ket peptit trung bnh cua X, Y 3,8 : 0,7 5,42
X la pentapeptit Cn H2n 3 N 5O6 (10 n 15)
(*)
Y la hexapeptit Cm H 2m 4 N 6 O 7 (12 n 18)
n 0,4; n Y 0,3
n X n Y 0,7 X m 4
0,4.n 0,3.m (**)
5n X 6n Y 3,8 n n 3
n
C trong X C trong Y
T (*) va (**) suy ra :
m 16
m muoi 331.0,4
416.0,3
3,8.40
0,7.18
396,6 gam
n 12 m ( X, Y) m m NaOH H 2O
Cu 75:
A la Cn H 2n 3 N 5O6 : x mol x y 0,09 x 0,03
B la H 2 NCH 2 COOC2 H5 : y mol 5x y 0,21 y 0,06
Trong phan ng chay at n C H O N k; n H NCH COOC H 2k
n 2 n3 3 2 2 2 2 5
m (X, Y) m C H O N 18k
n 2 n 1 2
o t C H O N thu c lng H 2 O nhieu hn ot X, Y la 18k gam
n 2n 1 2
38
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
BT N : x 2n N 0,22
2
BTKL : 0,22(14n 47) 18k 0,99.32 46,48 0,11.28
m (CO2 , H2O) 44.0,22n 18.0,11(2n 1) 18k 46,48
Cu 78:
A : Cn H 2n 2 N 4 O5 (8 n 12) : x mol
X gom (*)
B la Cm H 2m 3 N 5O6 (10 m 15) : y mol
BTKL : m (A, B) m NaOH m muoi m H O
2
x 0,06
m 40(4x 5y) m 15,8 18(x y)
BTNT N : 4x 5y 2n 0,44 y 0,04
N 2
Cu 80:
at n Ala Val Ala x mol; n cac ipeptit con lai y mol.
Quy oi X thanh C3 H 7 NO2 : a mol; C5 H11NO2 : b mol; H2 O : (2x y) mol.
Theo gia thiet va bao toan N ta co:
39
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
x y 0,4
4a 5b 0
a : b 5 : 4
195a 319b 18(x 0,4) 216,1
195a 319b 18(2x y) 216,1 a b x 0,8
a b 3x 2y
a 0,5
0,1.(89.2 117 2.18)
b 0,4 %m Ala Val Ala 31,47%
x 0,1 89.0,5 117.0,4 18.0,5
Cu 81:
S o phan ng :
X : n peptit C2 H 6 NO2 Cl
x mol
NaOH C2 H 4 NO2 Na 0,72HCl
E: G : T : C3 H 8NO2 Cl
mol
Y : a min o axit
C3 H 6 NO2 Na
NaCl
x mol
(m 12,24) gam
63,72 gam
m gam
Z
O2 , t o AgNO3 /NH3 , t o
Ho n hp X, Y CO 2 , H 2 O; D (gom X, Y)
nX nY n CO n H O
2 2
X la CH C Cy H 2y OH (k 2) X la C x H 2x 1OH (k 0)
hoac
Y la Cx H 2x 1OH (k 0) Y la CH C C y H 2y OH (k 2)
2 y x 1 x y3
X : 2a mol
0,06 molNaOH AgNO3
Y : a mol CH C C y H 2y OH CAg C C y H 2y OH
G : 2a mol
va u NH3 , t o
10,08 gam
40
Pht trin t duy sng to gii nhanh bi tp trc nghim ha hu c - Nguyn Minh Tun
Neu X la CH C C y H 2y OH th
n CAg C C H OH n CH C C H OH 2a 0,06
y 2y y 2y
y 1
9,78
M CAg C Cy H 2 yOH 163 x 2
0,06
0,03.56
0,015.46
0,03.(156
14n) 8,31 n 3
mX mY mG
Z la HOOC(CH 2 )3 COOH
axit glutaric
Neu Y la CH C C y H 2y OH th
n CAg C C H OH n CH C C H OH 3a 0,045
y 2y y 2y
9,78 (loai)
M CAg C Cy H2 yOH 217,33
0,045
41