Great Depression

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An obvious defect in the United States' banking system that was exposed during the Great Depression was
A) excessive government regulation of banks.
B) the federal government's ownership of banks.
C) an excessive amount of currency in circulation.
D) the lack of protection for funds deposited by individuals in banks.
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Stats Question Feedback Add to Favorites (SS.912.A.5.11) The Great Depression & The New Deal
Many factors led to Franklin Roosevelt's victory over Herbert Hoover in the 1932 presidential election, but the MOST
important factor was
A) Roosevelt's service in World War I made him an American hero.
B) Hoover felt that he could not win so he did little campaigning.
C) Americans wanted a government that was revolutionary in character.
most people blamed Hoover and the Republicans for the depression and the
D)
failure to get out of it.

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Which of these refers to the agency that influences the electrical power production of the area shown?
A) FDIC
B) NLRB
C) TVA
D) WPA

The "Dust Bowl" was an ecological situation associated with
A) World War I.
B) World War II.
C) The Cold War.
D) The Great Depression.

Which of these was the basic idea of the New Deal?
A) the Supreme Court is responsible to the executive branch
B) Energy production should be solely the concern of private enterprise
C) States rights have priority over rights of the federal government
the federal government has a major responsibility for ensuring economic

D)
prosperity

A major cause of the economic depression of 1929 was
A) a return to the gold standard.
B) decline in consumer purchasing power.
C) increased number of public works projects.
D) government programs designed to reduce agricultural production.

A major purpose of the FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) during the 1930s was to
A) limit government borrowing.
B) break up banking monopolies.
C) create jobs for the unemployed.
D) strengthen consumer confidence in the banking system

A major criticism of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's programs to combat the Great Depression was that these programs
A) reduced the power of the federal government.
B) provided too much protection for big business.
C) ignored the plight of homeowners with mortgages.
D) made people dependent on the federal government.

The FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation), NRA (National Recovery Administration) , and CCC (Civilian Conservation
Corps) were created in the early 1930s and are MOST associated with the
A) New Deal.
B) Populist Era.
C) Progressive Era.
D) Prohibition Era.

Increased tariffs on imported goods in the 1920s resulted in
A) an increase in American exports.
B) increase in demand for European goods.
C) the collapse of the League of Nations.
D) European inability to repay World War I loans.

U.S. bank failures reached around 600 per year in the early 1930s because
A) too much money was loaned out to people for risky investments.
B) the Teapot Dome Scandal weakened United States influence in banking.
C) the Supreme Court declared the National Bank Act of 1864 unconstitutional.
the Dawes Plan caused too much money to drain from U.S. banks to German
D)
banks.

(SS.912.A.5.11) The Great Depression & The New Deal
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The Bonus Army of 1932
A) helped to fight the Communists in Russia.
B) was instrumental in carrying out New Deal programs.
C) led massive protests to win promised payments to veterans.
D) organized the largest strike of textile workers in the nation's history.

As one of the New Deal programs, the F.D.I.C. (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) was credited with restarting people's
faith in
A) banks.
B) educations.
C) industry.
D) military.

In 1935, the elderly, physically disabled, and orphans began receiving government benefits following the passage of the
A) Welfare Act.
B) Medicare Act.
C) Medicaid Act.
D) Social Security Act.


Which statement BEST describes the New Deal?
A) It caused the greatest economic boom the nation had ever seen.
B) It single-handedly brought the nation out of the Great Depression.
C) It greatly increased the size and importance of the national government.
It led directly to a tremendous increase in the rights of African-Americans,

D)
especially in the South.

Civilian Conservation Corps

Agricultural Adjustment Act
National Recovery Administration
Tennessee Valley Authority
The items above are MOST associated with which of these eras?
A) New Deal
B) Cold War
C) Civil War
D) Reconstruction

Which of these contributed to the Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression?
A) stock market speculation
B) the effects of World War II
C) success of the U.S. farm economy
D) foreign boycotts of U.S. products

Which of these was a result of the Great Depression?
A) the elimination of the American business cycle
B) the reduction of the power of the Democratic party
C) an increase in the percent of people engaged in agriculture
D) federal safeguards were established to avoid future depressions

The purpose of the TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) was
A) to insure bank deposits in the United States.
B) to provide job opportunities in national parks.
C) to reduce farm surpluses and raise agricultural profits.
D) provide electrical power to an underdeveloped region of the U.S.

Based on the chart and your knowledge of this period in American history, it can be concluded that Federal Spending between
the years of 1936 and 1938
A) declined, due to World War II.
B) increased, due to French assistance.
C) declined, due to the Great Depression.
D) declined, due to the improved economy.

"I pledge you, pledge myself, to a New Deal for the American people."
(1932)
This promise of a "new deal for the American people" was made by which U.S. president?
A) Richard Nixon
B) Woodrow Wilson
C) Theodore Roosevelt
D) Franklin Roosevelt

Which of these was NOT a cause of the worldwide depression of 1920s and 1930s?
A) Banks made unsound loans.
B) An increase in international trade.
C) Over-speculation in the U.S. stock market.
D) Worker's wages did not keep pace with production.

One reason the Depression of 1929 was so severe in the United States was
A) the Depression affected only the US, leaving European economies strong.
American industry had failed to modernize and expand following World War
B)
I.
Franklin Roosevelt believed that the government should not interfere in the
C)
economy.
the economy had become primarily industrial and most Americans were
D)
affected by business variations.

Following the stock market crash in 1929, President Hoover was criticized for
A) declaring a bank holiday and ordering banks to close.
B) waiting for the economy to come out of the Depression
C) starting many new programs without Congress' approval.
D) his insistence on increasing spending on the military.

Which of these statements BEST explains why in the first decades of the 20th century the federal government did little to
deal with problems relating to monopoly of industry, labor unrest, and abuses by large businesses?
A) Congress was weak because the committee system divided its powers.
B) There was little industrial development in the United States at that time.
C) Presidents during this period lacked any real political power or influence.
Politicians believed that government should keep its hands off the
D)
economic sector of the U.S.

The region of the country that experienced the greatest population growth during the Great Depression was
A) the Midwest.
B) the Northeast.
C) the Gulf Coast.
D) the Pacific region.

This New Deal program was created to give benefit to older, retired workers.
A) Social Security
B) Welfare Administration
C) Civilian Conservation Corps
D) National Recovery Administration

Which of these was NOT a cause of the Great Depression?
A) the Stock Market Crash of October, 1929
B) an increase in federal taxes and social programs
C) excessive stock speculation and "buying on margin"
D) the growing gap between the rich and the working class

During Roosevelt's New Deal, the S.E.C. was created. The purpose of this agency was to
A) employ workers in public work projects.
B) insure bank deposits in the United States.
provide retirement income for U.S. workers and payments to disabled

C)
Americans.
regulate the sale of stocks and oversee the disclosure of information on

D)
stocks being sold.

Looking at the graph, in what year did stock prices start to rise following the beginning of the Great Depression?
A) 1921
B) 1929
C) 1932
D) 1935

How did many Americans try to escape the 'Dust Bowl' in the 1930s?
A) They emigrated to Canada.
B) They moved from the Great Plains.
C) They left the state of California.
D) They moved to the Northeastern U.S.

The "Dust Bowl" affected which area most?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Which of these New Deal programs would have had the largest impact on rural electrification during the 1930s?
A) The Social Security Act (SSA)
B) The National Recovery Act (NRA)
C) The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
D) The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

The Wagner Act was instrumental in
A) ending voting discrimination.
B) electrifying part of rural America.
C) labor unions' growth and legitimacy.
D) making classical music more popular.

The Wagner Act- also known as the National Labor Relations Act (1935)- created this agency who had the responsibility and
power to investigate and decide on charges of unfair labor practices.
A) Wagner Committee
B) Department of Labor
C) Sherman Antitrust Board
D) National Labor Relations Board
After her time as First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt campaigned for womens rights, believing
A) the 19th Amendment should be repealed.
B) the federally enforced ban on abortion should be lifted.
C) women should be drafted into the armed services just like men.
women and men were legally equal, but their differences should not be
D)
ignored.

Which of these is the BEST description of "Hoovervilles"?
A) shantytowns in which homeless families lived during the Great Depression
housing projects associated with poverty and were constructed in urban

B)
areas
the first planned suburbs which were developed in the period after World
C)
War I
nickname for the department of Housing and Urban Development during

D)
the New Deal

Which of these had the MOST significant impact on the crash of the stock market in the United States in 1929?
A) overproduction of consumer goods
B) underproduction by American farmers
C) currency deflation in the United States economy
D) the refusal of banks to invest in new businesses


If you would have lived during the Depression in rural America, you might have supported the government's plan to provide
electricity to rural areas. Specifically, you would have supported funding for the
A) Tennessee Valley Authority.
B) Civilian Conservation Corps.
C) Federal Emergency Relief Act.
D) Works Progress Administration.

The rapid change in the percentage of unemployed people in the United States from 1927 to 1932 reflects changes caused by
A) World War I.
B) the New Deal.
C) World War II.
D) the Great Depression.

The event generally considered the START of the Great Depression in the United States was
A) the end of World War I.
B) the crash of the stock market.
C) failure of the commodity market.
D) the outbreak of the influenza epidemic.

Overproduction in industry and agriculture, war debts, and the stock market crash were all causes of
A) World War II.
B) the Dust Bowl.
C) the Great Depression.
D) the Smoot Hawley Tariff.

What was the MOST LIKELY reason farmers were paid to plant less cotton in the early years of the Great Depression?
A) to modernize agriculture and improve field conditions
B) to encourage farmers to move to improved farms and homes
C) to raise the price of cotton and increase each cotton farmer's income
D) to restrict crop surplus and provide mortgage relief to cotton farmers

Former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt is a symbol of women's activism because
A) she voted for the Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution.
B) she was a spokesperson for the United Nations.
C) she supported the abolitionist movement.
D) she was drafted into the armed services.

Overproduction and underconsumption factored into causing the Great Depression by
A) causing falling prices on goods.
B) forcing a decrease in mechanization.
C) leading to more spending than saving.
D) scaring farmers into growing fewer crops.

The runs on banks during the Great Depression worsened the country's economic situation because the bank runs
A) caused banking institutions to collect funds from the government.
B) caused overseas investors to worry about giving money to America.
C) caused the government to stop reimbursing currency for gold bullion.
D) caused many banks to close and created an even greater shortage of money.

Rural farmers MOST LIKELY benefit from President Roosevelt's establishing the Rural Electrification Administration because
they
A) gained access to electricity through newly erected power lines.
B) received price reductions on the electricity they already purchased.
C) made profits by selling electricity to people living in urban areas.
D) were able to produce alcohol illegally and sell it for a substantial profit.

The reforestation efforts of the Civilian Conservation Corps during the New Deal were important in the South MOSTLY
because they
A) increased the value of land in rural areas.
B) gave young men jobs and helped to stop erosion.
C) brought many people from the city into the country.
D) offered many young African Americans profitable jobs.

Which statement describes an effect of the Great Depression on city life?
A) Many farmers lost their land and turned to tenant farming.
B) Many people lost their jobs and were evicted from their homes.
C) African Americans and Latinos were least affected by the Depression.
D) In rural areas, farmers could try to provide food for their families.

Which statement accurately describes President Hoover's initial response to the Great Depression?
A) He promoted the use of direct relief.
B) He ignored the entire financial situation.
C) He opposed the construction of Boulder Dam.
D) He was cautious and encouraged cooperation.

This photograph of a slum was taken in 1935. These slums were nicknamed after the U.S. President who was often blamed for
the economic plight of the country during that period. Who was that President?
A) Harry Truman
B) Herbert Hoover
C) Calvin Coolidge
D) Warren G. Harding

During the Great Depression drought and soil erosion contributed to an environmental catastrophe referred to the Dust Bowl.
Of the states listed, which was MOST affected by this regional disaster?
A) Ohio
B) Alabama
C) Michigan
D) Oklahoma

Which statement BEST describes the message of this political cartoon?
A) The New Deal does not work.
B) The United States is doomed.
C) Hoover refused to run for reelection.
D) Roosevelt must fix the country's problems.

This political cartoon from 1933 is suggesting that President Roosevelt
A) was a main cause of the Great Depression.
B) cannot conquer the issues of the country.
C) has many problems facing him as the new President.
D) does not want to be the President of the United States.

This editorial cartoon from 1933 is of the opinion that
A) Theodore Roosevelt needs to ban gambling in the U.S.
B) Theodore Roosevelt has successful economic policies.
C) FDR's programs can get the U.S. out of the Great Depression.
D) FDR's programs failed to deliver the promise of his campaign.

What is the point of this cartoon from 1934?
A) FDR's New Deal programs are unsuccessful.
B) The New Deal programs are purely the creation of FDR.
C) FDR has unwisely created the "Alphabet Soup" programs.
D) FDR must end his "Alphabet Soup" programs immediately.

The cartoon from 1933 is expressing the belief that
A) FDR's programs are straying too far from American ideals.
B) the New Deal is succeeding in ending the Great Depression.
C) the New Deal was a failure in ending the Great Depression.
D) FDR needs to try to use some of the ideas created by Karl Marx.

This cartoon from 1933 represents FDR's promise to
A) end the era of Prohibition.
B) start the era of Prohibition.
C) have Congress fund bottling plants.
D) build more breweries in the United States.

During the Great Depression, the unemployment rate in the U.S. reached approximately
A) 10%.
B) 25%.
C) 40%.
D) 50%.

Which group was helped the LEAST by Roosevelt's New Deal programs?
A) White farmers in the Midwest
B) African-Americans in any region
C) White males living in northern cities
D) White males living in southern states

During the Great Depression, the national unemployment rate across the United States peaked at 25%, although the rate in
__________ communities was much worse at close to 50%.
A) Midwestern
B) southern rural
C) Irish-American
D) African-American

Which statement BEST describes the artist's point of view in this cartoon from 1936?
A) Environmental laws are restricting freedoms.
B) The New Deal is creating too much government.
C) Discrimination needs to be addressed quickly.
D) President Hoover is to blame for the Depression.

What do the babies in the crib represent?
A) laws he plans to veto
B) strategies to end World War II
C) programs created to end the Great Depression
D) people who are attempting to become President

The broom in this cartoon from early 1932 represents changes to the government, which people expected FDR to make.
These were changes that would
A) be ruled unconstitutional.
B) be known as the "New Deal."
C) start after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
D) later be known as "Big Stick" diplomacy.

" Just Like That!" by Talburt, Washington News, 1933
This cartoon references an action that would eventually be known as
A) the New Deal.
B) the Volstead Act.
C) the 21st Amendment.
D) the 18th Amendment.

Why did President Franklin D. Roosevelt pay southern farmers to plant less cotton during the early 1930s?
A) He wanted to increase importing of cotton from Mexico.
B) He wanted to convince farmers to grow soy beans instead.
C) He wanted to move cotton production to the Western states.
D) He wanted to restrict the supply in order to raise its price.

What was the lasting impact of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff enacted during the Great Depression?
A) The United States lost equal trading rights with countries in Europe.
B) The need for more American companies to move their facilities overseas.
C) The end of the use of high tariffs in 20th-century American trade policy.
The call for more intense regulations on goods produced within the United
D)
States.

Signed into law by President Franklin Roosevelt in 1935

Created to support retirees over the age of sixty-five
Also created unemployment insurance and welfare programs
Workers and employers fund it by paying payroll taxes
All of these are describing which New Deal program?
A) Medicare
B) Social Security Act
C) National Recovery Act
D) Fair Labor Standards Act

Each of these statements about bank failures during Great Depression is true EXCEPT
A) thousands of banks across the United States closed.
B) New Deal reforms were put in place to insure deposits.
C) many people lost savings that were deposited in failed banks.
D) the crisis led to the end of government regulation of the economy.

What date is generally accepted as the beginning of the Great Depression in the United States?
A) October 24, 1929
B) October 25, 1929
C) October 28, 1929
D) October 29, 1929

"Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That for
the purpose of maintaining and operating the properties now owned by the United States in the vicinity of Muscle Shoals,
Alabama, in the interest of the national defense and for agriculture and industrial development, and to improve navigation
in the Tennessee River and to control the destructive flood waters in the Tennessee River and Mississippi River Basins, there
is hereby created a body corporate by the name of the "Tennessee Valley Authority."
--United States Congress, 1933
According to the excerpt, what was one of the main factors that caused Congress to pass this piece of legislation?
A) to help in the war effort by producing military goods
B) to help provide jobs for unemployed Tennessee citizens
C) to help produce electricity for rural areas of the south
D) to help control destructive flooding that affected the area

The increase in consumer spending during the 1920s was fueled in part by
A) higher taxes.
B) unemployment.
C) decreased land values.
D) overreliance on credit.

The photograph shows a crowd gathered on Wall Street after an event that changed the economic behavior of the Roaring
Twenties. This event was the
A) Stock Market Crash.
B) death of President Roosevelt.
C) passage of the Eighteenth Amendment.
D) passage of the New Economic Policy.

Which of these BEST describes how the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930 affected America's international trade relations?
A) It harmed America's international trade relations.
B) It eliminated America's international trade relations.
C) It improved international trade relations with old allies.
D) It caused northern industry and southern farms to flourish.

Based on the information in the chart, how did the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act negatively affect the international economy?
A) Imported goods increased in value over time.
B) More people demanded cheap, foreign goods and ignored local products.
C) Fewer people bought foreign goods, causing international trade to decease.
Consumers wanted goods from exotic places rather than their own
D)
countries.

1933 - Started as part of the New Deal to supply power, produce fertilizer, control flooding and more
1936 - Given the authority to generate electricity at Wilson Dam by the U.S. Supreme Court
1941 - Became the largest producer of electrical power in the entire United States
1945 - Supplied power for World War II home-front efforts, including manufacturing and scientific research
Which New Deal program is described by the table?
A) Tennessee Valley Authority
B) Public Works Administration
C) Agricultural Adjustment Act
D) Works Progress Administration

"Okies" are MOST associated with what era of United States History?
A) World War II
B) The Gold Rush
C) Industrial Age
D) Great Depression

From the mid-1930s to 1940 over 2.5 million people had moved out of the Great Plains states in the center of the United
States. What BEST accounts for this movement?
A) Jim Crow laws
B) The Dust Bowl
C) The Great Migration
D) US entry into World War II

Which John Steinbeck novel chronicles the story of George and Lenny, two migrant farm workers during the Great Depression?
A) O Pioneers!
B) East of Eden
C) Of Mice and Men
D) The Song of the Lark


Which statement describes an effect of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930?
A) Protective tariffs were banned in the United States.
B) The Great Depression was avoided in the United States.
C) Countries retaliated against the U.S. by raising their own tariffs.
D) The flow of goods allowed to enter the U.S. increased tremendously.

Designed to protect American jobs and farmers from foreign competition.
Raised U.S. tariffs on over 20,000 imported goods to record levels.
Resulted in retaliatory tariffs from foreign nations that dropped U.S. exports by as much as 50%.
Is considered one of the major factors that worsened the effects of the Great Depression in the United States.
These statements are referring to
A) The Wagner Act.
B) The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act.
C) The Bretton-Woods Tariff Act.
D) The Fordney-McCumber Tariff Act.

Which is a direct result of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930?
A) The U.S. Congress took steps towards impeaching Herbert Hoover.
The success of the tariff helped Franklin Roosevelt win the presidential
B)
election of 1932.
Canada, which was America's largest trading partner, drastically decreased

C)
the importation of American products.
D) The U.S. economy gained stability and Hoover's administration took an
important step towards ending the Great Depression.

The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was a public works program run by the federal government during the Great
Depression. How did the CCC show support for civil rights during the Depression?
The CCC fought for the passage of legislation that would desegregate the
A)
U.S. Army and Navy.
The CCC was designed solely to help minority workers find employment
B)
during the Great Depression.
The CCC focused its relief efforts mainly on poor urban areas inhabited by
C)
minorities and immigrants.
The CCC provided practical education courses to many people, including

D)
minority workers with little education.

By 1920, both textile and agriculture faced growing economic problems due to
A) speculation.
B) overproduction.
C) war with Japan.
D) war with Germany.

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Bonus Question
Where would you be MOST likely to find a sign like this one?
A) a car dealership
B) a post office
C) a school
D) a bank

One of the contributing factors in the _____ was an unequal distribution of wealth.
Which term or phrase BEST completes this sentence?
A) Great Depression
B) end of the Cold War
C) Industrial Revolution
D) creation of the United Nations

The conditions created by the Dust Bowl led over two million people to move PRIMARILY in which direction?
A) eastward
B) northward
C) southward
D) westward

Population declines exceeded 25 percent for the 1930s in some largely rural and agricultural counties of
southwestern Kansas and the panhandle of Oklahoma...[while] California had sizable population growth...
- US Census, County Population Change: 1930 to 1940
Which conclusion can be drawn regarding the 1940 US Census information?
A) Population declined due to anxiety over the threat of World War II.
B) The conditions created by the Dust Bowl led to a westward migration.
The desire for wealth during the Gold Rush contributed to population
C)
growth.
Rural and agricultural counties lost population as a result of the completion

D)
of the Hoover Dam.

"This great Nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper. So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that
the only thing we have to fear is fear itselfnameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to
convert retreat into advance."
- March 4, 1933
These words were spoken in order to calm people's fears during
A) World War I.
B) World War II.
C) the Cold War.
D) the Great Depression.


I am prepared under my constitutional duty to recommend the measures that a stricken Nation in the midst of a stricken
world may require.... But in the event that the Congress shall fail to take one of these two courses, and in the event that the
national emergency is still critical, I shall not evade the clear course of duty that will then confront me. I shall ask the
Congress for the one remaining instrument to meet the crisis broad Executive power to wage a war against the
emergency, as great as the power that would be given to me if we were in fact invaded by a foreign foe.
- March 4, 1933
This portion of President Franklin Roosevelt's First Inaugural Address hints at his plans that will
A) reduce the size of the Federal government.
B) increase the size of the Federal government.
C) reduce the international role of the United States.
D) decrease regulations on most sectors in the economy.

"It is to be hoped that the normal balance of executive and legislative authority may be wholly adequate to meet the
unprecedented task before us. But it may be that an unprecedented demand and need for undelayed action may call for
temporary departure from that normal balance of public procedure.
I am prepared under my constitutional duty to recommend the measures that a stricken nation in the midst of a stricken
world may require. These measures, or such other measures as the Congress may build out of its experience and wisdom, I
shall seek, within my constitutional authority, to bring to speedy adoption."
--Franklin D. Roosevelt, First Inaugural Address, 1933.
What was the "unprecedented task before us" that required "undelayed action" according to Franklin Roosevelt?
A) stopping fascist governments in Europe
B) dealing with the effects of the Great Depression
C) retaliating against Japanese aggression in the Pacific
D) providing aid to western states dealing with Dust Bowl conditions

During the Great Depression there were a number of federal programs which brought electricity to people in rural areas of the
Midwest and South. In the long run, this led to
A) more competition for jobs in those areas.
B) a drop in the costs and levels of grain and meat production.
C) higher levels of production and economic growth for the country.
inflationary trends in parts of the country where electrical power was

D)
scarce.

Our greatest primary task is to put people to work. This is no unsolvable problem if we face it wisely and courageously. It
can be accomplished in part by direct recruiting by the Government itself, treating the task as we would treat the emergency
of a war, but at the same time, through this employment, accomplishing greatly needed projects to stimulate and reorganize
the use of our natural resources I am prepared under my constitutional duty to recommend the measures that a stricken
nation in the midst of a stricken world may require. These measures, or such other measures as the Congress may build out
of its experience and wisdom, I shall seek, within my constitutional authority, to bring to speedy adoption.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, First Inaugural Address, 1933
The excerpt is most directly related to
A) the US government's commitment to the Gold Standard.
B) Republican opposition to the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act of 1930.
C) the First Hundred Days and the introduction of the New Deal.
D) Roosevelts efforts to prevent passage of the Stimson Doctrine.

Our greatest primary task is to put people to work. This is no unsolvable problem if we face it wisely and courageously. It
the use of our natural resources I am prepared under my constitutional duty to recommend the measures that a stricken
nation in the midst of a stricken world may require. These measures, or such other measures as the Congress may build out
of its experience and wisdom, I shall seek, within my constitutional authority, to bring to speedy adoption.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, First Inaugural Address, 1933
Which of these is the BEST example of Roosevelts efforts to put people to work and accomplish greatly needed projects?
A) the Glass-Steagall Act
B) the Agricultural Adjustment Act
C) the Public Works Administration
D) the National Labor Relations Act

We the Governors of the States and Territories of the United States of America, in Conference assembled, do hereby declare
the conviction that the great prosperity of our country rests upon the abundant resources of the land chosen by our
forefathers for their homes and where they laid the foundation of this great Nation.
We look upon these resources as a heritage to be made use of in establishing and promoting the comfort, prosperity, and
happiness of the American People, but not to be wasted, deteriorated, or needlessly destroyed.
We agree that our country's future is involved in this; that the great natural resources supply the material basis on which our
civilization must continue to depend, and on which the perpetuity of the Nation itself rests.
We agree, in the light of facts brought to our knowledge and from information received from sources which we can not
doubt, that this material basis is threatened with exhaustion. Even as each succeeding generation from the birth of the
Nation has performed its part in promoting the progress and development of the Republic, so do we in this generation
recognize it as a high duty to perform our part; and this duty in large degree lies in the adoption of measures for the
conservation of the natural wealth of the country.
- Declaration of the Conservation Conference May 15, 1908
The influence of early efforts to preserve natural resources as expressed in this Declaration is reflected in
the establishment of the Peace Corps during John F. Kennedys

A)
administration.
the ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment during Woodrow Wilsons

B)
tenure as president.
C) the establishment of the Food and Drug Agency during President Theodore
Roosevelts term.
the creation of the Civilian Conservation Corps as part of Franklin

D)
Roosevelts New Deal.

"When the war closed, the most vital of issues both in our own country and around the world was whether government
should continue their wartime ownership and operation of many [instruments] of production and distribution. We were
challenged with a... choice between the American system of rugged individualism and a European philosophy of
diametrically opposed doctrines of paternalism and state socialism. The acceptance of these ideas would have meant the
destruction of self-government through centralization... [and] the undermining of the individual initiative and enterprise
through which our people have grown to unparalleled greatness."
- Herbert Hoover, October 22, 1928
Based on his speech, Hoover would have been MOST likely to support
A) supporting the League of Nations.
B) faith-based charitable organizations.
C) the Federal program to construct dams in the southeast.
D) the "Social Security" program for elderly or retired workers.

"Our greatest primary task is to put people to work. This is no unsolvable problem if we face it wisely and courageously. It
the use of our natural resources."
- President Franklin Roosevelt, First Inaugural Address, March 3, 1933
Which of these New Deal programs was created to address the "primary task" Roosevelt speaks of?
A) Social Security
B) Civilian Conservation Corps
C) Federal Deposit Insurance Company
D) Securities and Exchange Commission

During the 1920s, the Federal Reserve increased the money supply and kept interest rates very low, encouraging consumer
spending and the brisk borrowing of money. Business investment and the expansion of businesses grew rapidly during the
1920 to meet the needs of this huge consumer spending. However, during the Crash of 1929, the Federal Reserve reversed
its expansionary monetary policy and cut off the money supply by almost 30%, causing banks to not have enough currency
on hand when depositors wanted their hard-earned money.
After reading the prompt, what can you surmise happened next that contributed to the Great Depression?
A) Black Tuesday
B) collapse of banks
C) high unemployment
D) election of Franklin D. Roosevelt

During the 1920s, the Federal Reserve increased the money supply and kept interest rates very low, encouraging consumer
spending and the brisk borrowing of money. Business investment and the expansion of businesses grew rapidly during the
1920 to meet the needs of this huge consumer spending. However, during the Crash of 1929, the Federal Reserve reversed
its expansionary monetary policy and cut off the money supply by almost 30%, causing banks to not have enough currency
on hand when depositors wanted their hard-earned money.
What was the long-term effect of the Federal Reserve actions?
A) election of Franklin D. Roosevelt
B) total collapse of banking industry
C) high unemployment and low inflation
D) slow down of the economy and high unemployment


The source is an example of which 20th century historical development?
A) government guiding economic life
B) government intervention in the economy
C) government encouraging free market policies
D) governments controlling their national economies

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1) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

A) excessive government regulation of banks.

B) the federal government's ownership of banks.

C) an excessive amount of currency in circulation.

D) the lack of protection for funds deposited by individuals in banks.

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940

2) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

A) Roosevelt's service in World War I made him an American hero.

B) Hoover felt that he could not win so he did little campaigning.

C) Americans wanted a government that was revolutionary in character.

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940

3) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940

4) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

The "Dust Bowl" was an ecological situation associated with

B) World War II.

C) The Cold War.

D) The Great Depression.

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940

5) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

Which of these was the basic idea of the New Deal?

A) the Supreme Court is responsible to the executive branch

B) Energy production should be solely the concern of private enterprise

the federal government has a major responsibility for ensuring economic

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940

6) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

A major cause of the economic depression of 1929 was

A) a return to the gold standard.

B) decline in consumer purchasing power.

C) increased number of public works projects.

D) government programs designed to reduce agricultural production.

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940

7) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

A) limit government borrowing.

B) break up banking monopolies.

C) create jobs for the unemployed.

D) strengthen consumer confidence in the banking system

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940

8) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

A) reduced the power of the federal government.

B) provided too much protection for big business.

C) ignored the plight of homeowners with mortgages.

D) made people dependent on the federal government.

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940

9) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940

10) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

Increased tariffs on imported goods in the 1920s resulted in

A) an increase in American exports.

B) increase in demand for European goods.

C) the collapse of the League of Nations.

D) European inability to repay World War I loans.

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940

11) Replace with Similar Question | Remove Question Bonus Question

B) the Teapot Dome Scandal weakened United States influence in banking.

Global Military, Political, and Economic Challenges, 1890-1940