8/11/2015 R.A.

165

TodayisTuesday,August11,2015

RepublicActNo.165June20,1947

ANACTCREATINGAPATENTOFFICE,PRESCRIBINGITSPOWERSANDDUTIES,REGULATINGTHE
ISSUANCEOFPATENTS,ANDAPPROPRIATINGFUNDSTHEREFOR

CHAPTERIOrganizationandOperation

Section 1. Patent Office. There is hereby created a "Patent Office" under the executive supervision of the
DepartmentofJustice,whereallrecords,books,drawings,specifications,andotherpapersandthingspertainingto
patentsshallbesafelykeptandpreserved.

Section2.Officers and employees of the Patent Office. The Patent Office shall be under the direction of a
DirectorwhoshallhaveanassistanttobeknownasAssistantDirector.TheDirectorandAssistantDirectorshallbe
appointedbythePresidentwiththeconsentoftheCommissiononAppointmentsoftheCongressofthePhilippines,
andshallholdofficeduringgoodbehavior.TheDirectorshallreceiveasalaryofseventhousandtwohundredpesos
ayear,andtheAssistantDirectorasalaryofsixthousandpesosayear.

TocarryintoeffecttheprovisionsofthisAct,thereshallalsobeinsaidofficesuchotherofficersandemployeesas
maybeappointedbytheSecretaryofJusticeuponrecommendationoftheDirector.

Theterm"Office"usedinthisActmeansthatPatentOffice.

Theterm"Director"usedinthisActreferstotheDirectorofPatentsortheAssistantDirectorofPatentswhenacting
asorperformingthedutiesoftheDirector.

Section3.Specialtechnicalandscientificassistance.TheDirectorisempoweredtoobtaintheassistanceof
technical, scientific or other qualified officers or employees of other departments, bureaus, offices, agencies and
instrumentalitiesoftheGovernment,includingcorporationsowned,controlledoroperatedbytheGovernment,when
deemed necessary in the consideration of any matter submitted to the Office relative to the enforcement of the
provisionsofthisAct.

Section4.SealofOffice.TheOfficeshallhaveasealwithwhichpatentsandotherpapersissuedbyitshallbe
authenticated.TheformanddesignofthesealshallbeapprovedbythePresidentofthePhilippines.

Section5.Publicationoflawsandrules.TheDirectorshallprint,orcausetobeprinted,andmakeavailablefor
distribution, pamphlet copies of the laws and of the rules and regulations of the Office, and may print circulars of
informationrelatingtomatterswithinthejurisdictionoftheOffice.

Section 6. Publication of certain matters in the Official Gazette. There shall be published in the Official
Gazetteasuitableviewofthedrawing,iftherebeadrawing,andtheclaimsofeachpatentissuedtherulesand
regulations duly promulgated and the amendments thereto an annual index of the names of investors and
patentees and the title of the inventions covered by the patents issued during each fiscal year all notices and
decisionsrequiredunderthisActtobepublishedandsuchotherinformationrelatingtopatentsandothermatters
withinthejurisdictionoftheOffice,asmay,inthediscretionoftheDirector,beusefultothepublic.

CHAPTERIIInventionsPatentable

Section 7. Inventions patentable. Any invention of a new and useful machine, manufactured product or
substance,process,oranimprovementofanyoftheforegoing,shallbepatentable.

Section 8. Inventions not patentable. An invention shall not be patentable if it is contrary to public order or
morals, or to public health or welfare, or if it constitutes a mere idea, scientific principle or abstract theorem not
embodied in an invention as specified in section seven hereof, or any process not directed to the making or
improvingofacommercialproduct.

Section9.Inventionnotconsideredneworpatentable.Aninventionshallnotbeconsideredneworcapableof
being patented if it was known or used by others in the Philippines before the invention thereof by the inventor
namedinanapplicationforpatentfortheinventionorifitwaspatentedordescribedinanyprintedpublicationin
the Philippines or any foreign country more than one year before the application for a patent therefor or if it had
beeninpublicuseoronsaleinthePhilippinesformorethanoneyearbeforetheapplicationforapatentthereforor
ifitisthesubjectmatterofavalidlyissuedpatentinthePhilippinesgrantedonanapplicationfiledbeforethefilingof
theapplicationforpatenttherefor.

CHAPTERIIIApplicationforPatent

Section 10. Right to patent. The right to the patent belongs to the true and actual inventor, his heirs, legal

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representativesorassigns.Iftwoormorepersonshaveaninventionjointly,therighttothepatentbelongstothem
jointly.Iftwoormorepersonshavemadetheinventionseparatelyandindependentlyofeachother,therighttothe
patent shall belong to the person who is the first to file an application for such invention, unless the contrary is
shown.

Section11.Applicationsbynonresidents.Anypersonfilinganapplicationforpatentwhoisnotaresidentof
thePhilippinesmustappointanagentorrepresentativeinthePhilippinesuponwhomnoticeorprocessrelatingto
theapplicationforpatentmaybeserved.Intheeventofdeath,absenceorinabilityoftheagentorrepresentative,a
new agent or representative must be appointed and notice thereof must be filed in the Office. Upon failure to
maintainanagentorrepresentativeofrecordinthisOffice,serviceontheDirectorshallbedeemedsufficient.

Section12.Whomayapplyforpatent.Anapplicationforpatentmaybefiledonlybytheinventor,hisheirs,legal
representativesorassigns.

Section13.Theapplication.TheapplicationforpatentshallbeinEnglishorSpanish,orinthenationallanguage
with its corresponding English translation, and signed by the applicant, and shall include a statement giving the
name,address,andcitizenshipornationalityoftheapplicantandoftheinventor,iftheapplicantisnottheinventor,
and:

(a)Aspecification

(b)Drawings,wheretheinventioncanbeshownbydrawings

(c)Powerofattorneyifthefilingisthroughanattorney

(d)Theassignmentoracertifiedcopyoftheassignmentoftheinventionforrecording,wheretheapplication
isfiledbyonewhoderiveshistitlefromtheinventor,orproofoftitleifthederivationisnotbyassignment

(e)Aswornstatementbytheinventorofhisinventorshiporsuchswornstatementmaybemadebyhisheirs
orlegalrepresentativesincaseofdeathorincapacityoftheinventorhowever,suchswornstatementwillnot
berequiredifacertifiedcopyofapreviouslyfiledforeignapplicationcontainingthesameisfiled

(f)Theappointmentofaresidentagentorrepresentativeincasescomingundersectionelevenhereofand

(g)Therequiredfee.

Section14.Thespecification.Thespecificationshallinclude:

(a)Thetitleoftheinvention

(b)Abriefstatementofitsnatureandpurpose

(c)Abriefexplanationofthedrawings,wheretherearedrawings

(d) A complete and detailed description of the invention in such full, clear, concise and exact terms as to
enable any person skilled in the art or science to which the invention relates to make and practice the
inventionand

(e)Adistinctandexplicitclaimorclaimsofthesubjectmatterwhichtheapplicantclaimsasnewandseeksto
havepatented.

Section15.Applicationspreviouslyfiledabroad.Anapplicationforpatentforaninventionfiledinthiscountry
by any person who has previously regularly filed an application for a patent for the same invention in a foreign
country which, by treaty, convention, or law, affords similar privileges to citizens of the Philippines shall have the
sameforceandeffectasthesameapplicantwouldhaveiffiledinthiscountryonthedateonwhichtheapplication
forpatentforthesameinventionwasfirstfiledinsuchforeigncountry:Provided,Thattheapplicationinthiscountry
isfiledwithintwelvemonthsfromtheearliestdateonwhichanysuchforeignapplicationwasfiled,andacertified
copyoftheforeignapplicationtogetherwithatranslationthereofintoEnglish,ifnotintheEnglishlanguage,isfiled
withinsixmonthsfromthedateoffilinginthePhilippines,unlesstheDirectorforgoodcauseshownshallextendthe
timeforfilingsuchcertifiedcopy.

CHAPTERIVIssuanceofPatent

Section16.Formalexaminationoftheapplication.WhenanapplicationforpatenthasbeenfiledtheDirector
shalldeterminewhetheritcomplieswiththeformalrequirements.Iftheapplicationisdefectiveinthisrespectthe
applicant shall be notified on the specific defects and a time fixed, not less than four months, within which such
defectsmayberemedied.

IftheapplicantfailstorequestreconsiderationortoremedythedefectswithinthetimefixedbytheDirector,or
withinsuchadditionaltime,notexceedingfourmonths,asmaybegranted,theapplicationshallbedenied.

Section17.Multipleinventionsinoneapplication.Ifseveralindependentinventionswhicharenotsoclosely
relatedastobeproperinoneapplicationareclaimed,theDirectormayrequiretheapplicationtoberestrictedtoa
single invention in the same manner as notifications of defects in the application. A later application filed for an
inventiondividedoutshallbeconsideredashavingbeenfiledonthesamedayasthefirstapplicationprovidedthe
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laterapplicationisfiledwithinfourmonthsaftertherequirementtodividebecomesfinal,orwithinsuchadditional
time,notexceedingfourmonths,asmaybegranted.

Section18.Issuance of patent. If the original or corrected application is in order, the Director shall issue the
patentandshall,assoonaspracticable,makethepublicationrequiredbysectionsix,ChapterIhereof.

Section19.Howissued.ThepatentshallbeissuedinthenameoftheRepublicofthePhilippinesundertheseal
oftheOfficeandshallbesignedbytheDirector,andregisteredtogetherwiththespecificationanddrawings,ifany,
inbooksandrecordsoftheOfficetobekeptforthepurpose.

Section20.Contentofpatent.Thepatentshallcontainthepatentnumber,thetitleoftheinvention,thename
andresidenceoftheinventorandofthepatenteeifthepatenteebeotherthantheinventor,thedateonwhichthe
applicationwasfiled,thedateonwhichitisissued,andagranttothepatentee,hisheirsorassigns,oftheexclusive
righttotheinventionthroughouttheRepublicofthePhilippinesforthetermthereof.Acopyofthespecificationand
drawingsshallbeannexedtothepatentandbeapartthereof.

CHAPTERVTermofPatent

Section21.Termofpatent.Thetermofapatentshallbeginonthedatewhenthepatentisissuedasshownon
thefacethereofandshallexpireseventeenyearsthereafter.However,apatentshallceasetobeinforceandeffect
of the patentee fails to pay the prescribed annual fees within the prescribed times hereinafter provided or if the
patentiscancelledinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisAct.

Section22.Annualfees.Thefirstannualfeeonapatentshallbedueandpayableontheexpirationoffouryears
fromthedateofissue.Inasimilarmanner,annualfeesonsubsistingpatentsshallbedueandpayableonthefifth
and each subsequent anniversary of the date of issue. If any annual fee is not paid within the prescribed time, a
noticeofthenonpaymentshallbepublishedintheOfficialGazetteandthepatenteeshallhavesixmonthsfromthe
dateofthepublicationtopaythefeetogetherwiththesurchargerequiredforthedelayedpayment.Anoticeofthe
lapsingofapatentfornonpaymentofanyannualfeeshallbepublishedintheOfficialGazette.

Section23.Reinstatementofalapsedpatent.Withintwoyearsfromthedateonwhichthefirstunpaidannual
feewasdue,apatentwhichhaslapsedfornonpaymentofanyannualfeemaybereinstateduponpaymentofall
annualfeesthendueandthesurchargeforreinstatement,anduponproofsatisfactorytotheDirectorthatsuchnon
paymentwasduetofraud,accident,mistakeorexcusablenegligence:Provided,however,Thatsuchreinstatement
shallnotprejudicetherightsacquiredbyathirdpersonwhilethepatentwasnotinforce.

CHAPTERVISurrender,CorrectionandAmendmentsofPatent

Section24.Surrenderofpatent.Anypatentee,withtheconsentofallpersonshavinggrantsorlicensesorother
right,titleorinterestinandtothepatentandtheinventioncoveredthereby,whichhavebeenrecordedintheOffice,
maysurrenderhispatentoranyclaimorclaimsformingpartthereoftotheDirectorforcancellation.

Section 25. Correction of mistakes of Office. The Director shall have the power to correct without fee any
mistakeinapatentincurredthroughthefaultoftheOfficewhenclearlydisclosedbytherecordsthereof,tomake
thepatentconformtotherecords.

Section26.Correctionofmistakeofapplication.OnpaymentoftheprescribedfeetheDirectorisauthorizedto
correctanymistakeinapatentofaformalorclericalnature,notincurredthroughthefaultoftheOffice.

Section27.Formandpublicationofamendment.Amendmentorcorrectionofapatentasprovidedinsections
twentyfive and twentysix hereof, shall be accomplished by a certificate of such amendment or correction
authenticatedbythesealoftheOfficeandsignedbytheDirector,whichcertificateshallbeattachedtothepatentif
the patent has been returned to the Director. Notice of such amendment or correction shall be published in the
Official Gazette, and copies of the patent furnished by the Office shall include a copy of the certificate of the
amendmentorcorrection.

CHAPTERVIICancellationofPatents

Section 28. General grounds for cancellation. Any person may on payment of the required fee petition the
DirectorwithinthreeyearsfromthedateofpublicationoftheissueofthepatentintheOfficialGazette,tocancelthe
patentoranyclaimthereof,onanyofthefollowinggrounds:

(a)Thattheinventionisnotneworpatentableinaccordancewithsectionsseven,eightandnine,ChapterII
hereof

(b)Thatthespecificationdoesnotcomplywiththerequirementofsectionfourteen,ChapterIIIhereofor

(c)Thatthepersontowhomthepatentwasissuedwasnotthetrueandactualinventorordidnotderivehis
rightsfromthetrueandactualinventor.

Section29.When patent may be cancelled at any time. A petition to cancel a patent on any of the grounds
specifiedinthenextprecedingsectionmaybefiledatanytimebytheSolicitorGeneral.

Section30.Requirements of the petition. The petition for cancellation must be in writing and verified by the
petitionerorbyanypersononhisbehalfwhoknowsthefacts,andshallspecifythegroundsuponwhichitisbased,
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andincludeastatementofthefactstobereliedupon.Copiesofprintedpublicationsorofpatentsofothercountries,
orothersupportingdocumentsmentionedinthepetitionshallbefiledtherewith,togetherwiththetransactionthereof
intoEnglish,ifnotintheEnglishlanguage.

Section31.Notice and hearing. Upon the filing of a petition for cancellation, the Director shall forthwith serve
notice of the filing thereof upon the patentee and all persons having grants or licenses, or any other right, title or
interestinandtothepatentandtheinventioncoveredthereby,asappearsofrecordintheOffice,andofnoticeof
thedateofhearingthereononsuchpersonsandthepetitioner.Noticeofthefilingofthepetitionshallbepublished
intheOfficialGazette.

Section32.Cancellationofthepatent.IftheDirectorfindsthatacaseforcancellationhasbeenmadeouthe
shallorderthepatentoranyspecifiedclaimorclaimsthereofcancelled.Theordershallnotbecomeeffectiveuntil
thetimeforappealhaselapsedor,ifappealistaken,untilthejudgmentonappealbecomesfinal.Whentheorderor
judgment becomes final, any rights conferred upon the patentee by the patent or any specified claim or claims
cancelledtherebyshallterminate.NoticeofcancellationshallbepublishedintheOfficialGazette.

Section33.Cancellationforfraudontheinventor.Inthecaseofthegroundspecifiedinparagraph(c),section
twentyeighthereof,ifthepetitionforcancellationismadebyoronbehalfofthetrueandactualinventorfromwhom
thepatenteefraudulentlyderivedtheinventionandissuccessfulonthisground,apatentmaybeobtainedbysuch
inventor,ifhedoesnothaveapatent,notwithstandinganyknowledgeoruseorpublicationofthepatentcancelled:
Provided,Thatthetrueandactualinventorshallfileanapplicationforpatentforsuchinventionwithinsixmonths
after the order of cancellation has become final. The term of such patent, however, shall expire seventeen years
fromthedateofissueofthepatentcancelled.

CHAPTERVIIICompulsoryLicensing

Section34.Groundsforcompulsorylicense.AnypersonmayapplytotheDirectorforthegrantofalicense
underaparticularpatentatanytimeaftertheexpirationofthreeyearsfromthedateofthegrantofthepatent,under
anyofthefollowingcircumstances:

(a) If the patented invention is not being worked within the Philippines on a commercial scale, although
capableofbeingsoworked,withoutsatisfactoryreason

(b) If the demand for the patented article in the Philippines is not being met to an adequate extent and on
reasonableterms,withoutsatisfactoryreason

(c)Ifbyreasonoftherefusalofthepatenteetograntalicenseorlicensesonreasonableterms,orbyreason
oftheconditionsattachedbythepatenteetolicensesortothepurchase,leaseoruseofthepatentedarticle
orworkingofthepatentedprocessormachineofproductiontheestablishmentofanynewtradeorindustryin
thePhilippinesisprevented,orthetradeofindustrythereinisundulyrestrainedor

(d)Ifthepatentedinventionrelatestofoodormedicineorisnecessaryforpublichealthorpublicsafety.

Theterm"worked"or"working"asusedinthissectionmeansthemanufactureandsaleofapatentedarticle,orthe
carryingonofapatentedprocessortheuseofapatentedmachineforproduction,inorbymeansofadefiniteand
substantialestablishmentororganizationinthePhilippinesandonascalewhichisadequateandreasonableunder
thecircumstances.

Section35.Noticeandhearing.Uponthefilingofapetitionundersectionthirtyfourhereof,noticeshallbegiven
inthesamemannerandformasthatprovidedinsectionthirtyone,ChapterVIIhereof.

Section36.Grantoflicense.IftheDirectorfindsthatacaseforthegrantofalicenseundersectionthirtyfour
hereofhasbeenmadeout,hemayorderthegrantofanappropriatelicenseandindefaultofagreementamongthe
partiesastothetermsandconditionsofthelicenseheshallfixthetermsandconditionsofthelicenseintheorder.

The order of the Director granting a license under this Chapter, when final, shall operate as a deed granting a
licenseexecutedbythepatenteeandtheotherpartiesininterest.

CHAPTERIXRightsofPatenteesandInfringementofPatents

Section37.Rightsofpatentees. A patentee shall have the exclusive right to make, use and sell the patented
machine,articleorproduct,andtousethepatentedprocessforthepurposeofindustryorcommerce,throughout
theterritoryofthePhilippinesforthetermofthepatentandsuchmaking,using,orsellingbyanypersonwithout
theauthorizationofthepatenteeconstitutesinfringementofthepatent.

Section38.Experimentaluseofinvention.Themakingorusingofapatentedinventionwhennotconductedfor
profitandsolelyforthepurposeofresearchorexperiment,orforinstruction,shallnotconstituteinfringement.

Section39.Temporarypresenceinthecountry.Nopatentshallpreventtheuseofanyinventioninanyship,
vessel, aircraft, or land vehicle of any other country entering the territory of the Philippines temporarily or
accidentally, and such use shall not constitute infringement of the patent, provided such invention is used
exclusivelyfortheneedsoftheship,vessel,aircraft,orlandvehicleandnotusedforthemanufactureofanythingto
besoldwithinorexportedfromthePhilippines.

Section 40. Rights of third parties prior to application. Any person who has purchased or acquired of the
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inventor, his legal representatives, or assigns, or who, with their knowledge and consent, constructs any newly
inventeddeviceorotherpatentablearticle,priortothefilingoftheapplicationtherefor,shallhavetherighttouse
andsellthespecificthingpurchased,acquiredormade,withoutliabilitytherefor.

Section41.Use of invention by the Government. The Government of the Philippines may use any patented
invention at any time for governmental purposes, and the manufacture or use of the invention by or for the
Governmentforsuchpurposesshallnotconstituteinfringementofthepatent,butthepatenteeshallbeentitledto
receiveareasonablecompensationfortheuseoftheinvention.

CHAPTERXActionsandRemediesforInfringement

Section42.Civilactionforinfringement.Anypatentee,oranyonepossessinganyright,titleorinterestinandto
thepatentedinvention,whoserightshavebeeninfringed,maybringacivilactionbeforetheproperCourtofFirst
Instance,torecoverfromtheinfringerdamagessustainedbyreasonoftheinfringementandtosecureaninjunction
fortheprotectionofhisrights.

Ifthedamagesareinadequateorcannotbereadilyascertainedwithreasonablecertainty,thecourtmayawardas
damagesasumamountingtoareasonableroyalty.

Thecourtmay,accordingtothecircumstancesofthecase,awarddamagesinasumabovetheamountfoundas
actualdamagessustainedprovidedtheawarddoesnotexceedthreetimestheamountofsuchactualdamages.

Section43.Limitationofactionfordamages.Nodamagescanberecoveredforactsofinfringementcommitted
morethanfouryearsbeforetheinstitutionoftheactionforinfringement.

Section44.Damagesnotrecoverableforwantofnoticeormarking.Damagescannotberecoveredforactsof
infringementcommittedbeforetheinfringerhadactualnoticeofthepatent,unlessthepatenteeorthoseexploiting
the invention on his behalf or under his authorization have given notice to the public that the machine, device,
articles or process is patented either by placing thereon the words "Philippines Patent" with the number of the
patent,orwhenfromthenatureofthearticlethiscannotreasonablybedone,byplacingsuchnoticeonthepackage
or container in which the device or article is supplied to the public, or is descriptive or advertising matter used in
connectionwiththepatentedmachine,device,articleorprocess.

Section45.Defensesinactionforinfringement.Inanactionforinfringementthedefendant,inadditiontoother
defensesavailabletohim,mayshowtheinvalidityofthepatentoranyclaimthereofonanyofthegroundsonwhich
apetitionofcancellationcanbebroughtundersectiontwentyeight,ChapterVIIhereof.

Section46.Patentfoundinvalidtobecancelled.Ifthecourtshallfindthepatentoranyclaimthereofinvalid,
the Director shall, on certification of the final judgment to the Office, issue an order cancelling the patent or the
claimsfoundinvalid,andshallpublishanoticethereofintheOfficialGazette.

Section 47. Assessors in infringement action. Two or more assessors may be appointed by the court. The
assessorsshallbesoqualifiedbythenecessaryscientificandtechnicalknowledgerequiredbythesubjectmatterin
suit.Eitherpartymay,asapreliminaryquestion,challengethefitnessofanyassessortositinanaction.

Eachassessorshallreceiveacompensationinanamounttobefixedbythecourtandadvancedbythecomplaining
party,andthereaftertobetaxedascostsinfavoroftheprevailingparty.

Section 48. Criminal action for repetition of infringement. If infringement is repeated by the infringer or by
anyoneinconnivancewithhimafterfinaljudgmentofthecourtagainsttheinfringer,thepartiesliableshall,without
prejudice to further civil action, be punished by a fine not exceeding ten thousand pesos and imprisonment not
exceedingfiveyears,orbothsuchfineandimprisonmentinthediscretionofthecourt,inacriminalactioninstituted
forthepurpose.Thecriminalactionhereinprovidedshallprescribedintwoyears.

Section49.Appeal.Appealmaybetakenfromthejudgmentofthecourtinthecivilandcriminalactionsherein
providedinthesamemannerasinotheractions.

CHAPTERXIAssignmentandTransmissionofRights

Section50.Transmissionofrights.Patentsandtheinventionscoveredtherebyshallbeprotectedasandhave
the applicable rights of other property. Inventions and any rights, title or interest in and to patents and inventions
coveredtherebymaybeassigned,ortransmittedbyinheritanceorbequest.

Section51.Assignmentofinventions.Anassignmentmaybeontheentireright,titleorinterestinandtothe
patentandtheinventioncoveredthereby,orofanundividedshareoftheentirepatentandinventioninwhichevent
thepartiesbecomejointownersthereof.Anassignmentmaybelimitedtoaspecifiedterritory.

Section52.Form of assignment. The assignment must be in writing, acknowledged before a notary public or
otherofficerauthorizedtoadministeroathsorperformnotarialactsandcertifiedunderthehandandofficialsealof
thenotaryorotherofficer.

Section53.Recording.TheDirectorshallrecordassignment,licensesandotherinstrumentsrelatingtoanyright,
titleorinterestinandtoinventions,andpatentsorinventionscoveredthereby,whicharepresentedindueformto
theOfficeforregistration,inbooksandrecordskeptforthepurpose.Theoriginaldocumenttogetherwithasigned
duplicatethereofshallbefiled,butiftheoriginalisnotavailable,anauthenticatedcopythereofinduplicatemaybe
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filed.Uponrecording,theDirectorshallretaintheduplicate,andreturntheoriginalortheauthenticatedcopytothe
partyfilingwithanotationofthefactofrecord.NoticeoftherecordingshallbepublishedintheOfficialGazette.

Suchinstrumentsshallbevoidasagainstanysubsequentpurchaserormortgageeforavaluableconsiderationand
withoutnoticeunlessitisrecordedintheOfficewithinthreemonthsfromthedatethereof,orpriortothesubsequent
purchaseormortgage.

Section54.Rightsofjointowners.Iftwoormorepersonsjointlyownapatentandtheinventioncoveredthereby
eitherbytheissuingofthepatenttothemjointlyorbyreasonoftheassignmentofanundividedshareinthepatent
and invention or by reason of the succession in title to such share, each of the joint owners, shall be entitled to
personallymake,use,orselltheinventionforhisownprofit,subjecttoanycontractoragreement,butneitherofthe
ownersshallbeentitledtograntlicensesortoassignhisright,titleorinterestorpartthereofwithouttheconsentof
theotherownerorowners,orwithoutproportionatelydividingtheproceedswiththeotherownerorowners.

CHAPTERXIIDesigns

Section 55. Industrial designs. Any new and original creation relating to the features of shape, pattern,
configuration,ornamental,orartisticappearanceofanarticleorindustrialproductmaybeprotectedasanindustrial
designbytheauthorinthesamemannerandsubjecttothesameprovisionsandrequirementsasrelatetopatents
forinventionsinsofarastheyareapplicable,exceptasotherwisehereinafterprovided.

Section56.Six months publication. The period of one year specified in section nine, Chapter II, and section
fifteen,ChapterIII,hereof,forinventionsshallbesixmonthsinthecaseofdesigns.

Section57.Noticeofregistrationshallbepublished.Noticeoftheregistrationofthedesignshallbepublished
intheOfficialGazette.

Section58.Termandextensionthereof.Thetermofthedesignregistrationshallbefiveyearsfromthedateof
registration.

Beforetheexpirationofthefiveyeartermuponpaymentoftherequiredfee,orwithinafurthertimethereafternotto
exceedsixmonthsuponpaymentofthesurcharge,theowneroftheregistrationmayapplyforanextensionforan
additionalfiveyears.Theapplicationforextensionmustbeaccompaniedbyanaffidavitshowingthatthedesignis
in commercial or industrial use in the Philippines or satisfactorily explaining nonuse. In a similar manner an
extensionforathirdfiveyearperiodmaybeobtained.

Section59.Marking.Themarkingrequiredbysectionfortyfour,ChapterX,hereof,shallbe"PhilippinesDesign
Registration,"orappropriateabbreviation,andthenumberoftheregistration.

Section 60. Infringement. Infringement of a design registration shall consist in unauthorized copying of the
registereddesignforthepurposeoftradeorindustryinthearticleorproductandinthemaking,usingorsellingof
thearticleorproductcopyingtheregistereddesign.Identityorsubstantialidentitywiththeregistereddesignshall
constituteevidenceofcopying.

CHAPTERXIIIReviewofOrdersorDecisionsofDirector

Section61.AppealfromtheactionofDirector.Theapplicantforapatentorfortheregistrationofadesign,any
partytoaproceedingtocancelapatentortoobtainacompulsorylicense,andanypartytoanyotherproceedingin
theOfficemayappealtotheSupremeCourtfromanyfinalorderordecisionoftheDirector.

Section62.Stay. A petition for review of any order or decision of the Director rejecting in whole or in part an
applicationforapatentorregistrationofadesign,shallnotstayanyorderordecisionoftheDirectorinrespectof
anyotherapplicationsthenpendingforapatentordesignregistrationbuttheDirectorshallproceedtoactonsuch
otherapplicationswithoutregardtosuchpetitionunlesstheSupremeCourtshallotherwisedirect.

Section63.Howappealisperfected.AnappealfromanorderordecisionoftheDirectorshallbeperfectedby
filingwiththeDirectoranoticeofappealandthepaymentoftherequiredappealfeeandfilingwiththeSupreme
Courtapetitionforreview,withinthirtydaysfromnoticeoftheorderordecisionappealedfrom.

Section 64. Contents and notice of petition. The petition shall contain a summary statement of the issues
involved and the reasons relied upon for allowance of a review. Copies of the petition shall be served upon the
Directorandallotherpartiesininterest.

Section65.Docketingfeeanddepositsforcosts.Uponfilingthepetitionforreview,thepetitionershallpayto
theclerkoftheSupremeCourtthedocketingfeeandshalldepositthesumofonehundredpesosforcosts.

Section66.Elevationofcopyofrecord.Uponthefilingofthepetition,noticethereofshallbeservedbytheclerk
oftheSupremeCourtupontheDirector,who,withinthirtydaysthereafter,shallcertifyandforwardtotheSupreme
CourtacopyoftherecordasthesameappearsinthisOffice.

Section67.Answerofrespondent.Uponreceiptoftherecord,theclerkoftheSupremeCourtshallservenotice
upontheDirectorandallotherpartiesininterest,requiringthemtoanswerwithintendaysfromservice.Copiesof
suchanswershallserveduponthepetitioner.

Section 68. Power of court. The Supreme Court may, on petition filed within five days after the filing of the
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answer, allow the parties to adduce additional evidence material to the matter at issue, which shall constitute a
supplementaryrecordtobeconsideredinconnectionwiththerecordonappeal.

Section69.Representation by Solicitor General. In all appeals from an order or decision of the Director the
SolicitorGeneralshallappealonbehalfoftheDirector.

Section70.Briefsonappeal.Uponreceiptoftheanswertothepetitionoruponconclusionofthepresentationof
additionalevidence,theclerkoftheSupremeCourtshallnotifytheparties,andthepetitioner,withinthirtydaysfrom
suchnotice,shallfiletwentycopiesofhisbriefupontheadversepartiesand,withinthirtydaysfromsuchservice,
theadversepartiesshallfiletwentycopiesoftheirbrieftogetherwithproofofserviceoffivecopiesthereofuponthe
petitioner.

Section71.Inclusionincalendar.Uponthefilingoftherespondent'sbrief,oraftertheexpirationofthetimefor
itsfiling,thecaseshallbeincludedintheregularcalendar,unlessthecourtadvancesthehearingforspecialcause
shown.

Section72.Oralargument,itsduration.Eachpartyisentitledtoonehourfororalargument,extendibleinthe
discretionofthecourt.

Section73.RulesofCourtapplicable.Inallothermattersnothereinprovided,theapplicableprovisionsofthe
RulesofCourtshallgovern.

CHAPTERXIVPenaltyforFalseMarking

Section74.Penaltyforfalsemarking.Anypersonwhofalselyrepresentsorindicatesthatanydevice,articleor
productmadeorsoldbyhimispatented,oristhesubjectofaregistereddesign,bymakingorhavingonthedevice,
article or product, or on their containers or packages, or using in advertising or displays used in connection with
them,orwithanyprocess,wordsexpressingorimplyingthatthedevice,article,productorprocessispatentedor
registered, shall be subject to a fine of not less than one hundred pesos nor more than one thousand pesos, or
imprisonmentfornotlessthanonemonthnormorethanoneyear,orboth,inthediscretionofthecourt.Actions
hereundershallprescribeintwoyears.

Section75.Fees.Thefollowingfeesshallbepaid:

For filing an application for patent, which shall include the cost of publication in the Official Gazette, two
hundredpesos

Forannualfeesdueatthebeginningofthefifthandeachsucceedingyear,onehundredpesoseachyear

Forsurchargefordelayedpaymentofanannualfee,twentyfivepesos

Forreinstatinglapsedpatent,onehundredpesos

Forfilingapetitionforcancellation,exceptwhenfiledbytheSolicitorGeneral,fiftypesos

Forfilingapetitionforacompulsorylicense,onehundredpesos

ForcopiesofrecordsoftheOffice,twopesosperphotostatsheet,onepesoperhundredwordsoftypewritten
copy

Foreachcertificationofcopyofanyrecords,tenpesos

Forrecordingassignments,andotherdocumentsrelatingtotitle,andlicense,tenpesos

FornoticeofappealfromtheorderordecisionoftheDirectortwentyfivepesos

Forfilingapplicationforregistrationofadesign,fiftypesos

Forrenewingdesignregistration,fiftypesos

Forsurchargefordelayedrenewalofdesignregistration,twentypesosand

Forservicesnototherwisespecified,theDirectorshallprovide,byregulation,thefeestherefor.

CHAPTERXVIMiscellaneous

Section 76. Certain priority for filing application extended. The rights of priority provided by section nine,
ChapterIIsectionfifteen,ChapterIIIandsectionfiftysix,ChapterXIIhereofforthefilingofapplicationsforpatent
forinventionsanddesigns,whichrightshadnotexpiredontheeighthdayofDecember,nineteenhundredandforty
one,orwhichrightshavearisensincetheeighthdayofDecember,nineteenhundredandfortyone,areextended
untilthefirstdayofJuly,nineteenhundredandfortyeight,infavorofthecitizensofthePhilippinesorcitizensor
subjectsofcountrieswhichhaveextended,orwhichnowextend,orwhichwithinsaidperiodendingthefirstdayof
July,nineteenhundredandfortyeight,shallextendsubstantiallyreciprocalprivilegestocitizensofthePhilippines.

Section77.Disqualificationofofficersandemployeesfromacquiringpatentsanddesignregistrations.All

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officersandemployeesoftheOfficeshallnot,duringtheiremploymentorforoneyearthereafter,applyforagrant
ofpatentorfortheregistrationofadesign,oracquire,directlyorindirectly,exceptbyhereditarysuccession,any
patentofinventionordesignregistration,oranyright,titleorinteresttherein.

Section 78. Rules and regulations. The Director subject to the approval of the Secretary of Justice, shall
promulgate the necessary rules and regulations, not inconsistent with law, for the conduct of all business in the
PatentOffice.

Section79.Recordstobepublic.TherecordsoftheOfficeshallbeopentopublicinspection,andanyperson
mayobtainanauthenticatedcopythereofonpaymentoftheprescribedfees.

Section80.Repealingclause. Acts Numbered Twentytwo hundred and thirtyfive, Twentyseven hundred and
ninetythree,asamended,andallotheracts,orpartsofacts,inconsistentherewith,areherebyrepealed.

Section81.Reservationofpriorrights.Anyrightsacquiredunderlawsexistingpriortothetakingeffectofthis
Actareherebyrespectedandpreserved.

Section82.Appropriation.Thesumofseventyfivethousandpesos,orsomuchthereofasmaybenecessary,is
herebyappropriatedoutofanyfundsintheNationalTreasurynototherwiseappropriated,fortheinitialexpensesof
the Office, including organization expenses, salaries, supplies, equipment, and other sundry expenses until June
thirtieth,nineteenhundredandfortyeight.

Section83.Effectivedate.ThisActshalltakeeffectonitsapproval.

Approved:June20,1947

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