University of the Philippines

College of Science

Physics 73
First Long Exam Problem Set
Second Semester, AY 20152016

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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 20152016 Physics 73

Instructions: Choose the letter of the best answer to each of the following questions. Use
Mongol 2 pencil only to shade your answer to the exam. To change your answer, neatly erase
your old answer and simply shade the new one. Any form of cheating in examinations or any
act of dishonesty in relation to studies, such as plagiarism, shall be subject to disciplinary
action.

USEFUL CONSTANTS
1 atm = 1.01 105 Pa
1000 L = 1 m3
Avogadros number: NA = 6.022 1023 molecules/mol
Boltzmann constant: k = 1.381 1023 J/moleculeK
Ideal gas constant: R = 8.314 J/molK = 0.08206 Latm/molK
Stefan-Boltzmann constant: = 5.67 108 W/m2 K4

INFORMATION ABOUT WATER

Normal freezing point = 273.15 K = 0.00 C
Normal boiling point = 373.15 K = 100.00 C
Triple-point temperature = 273.16 K = 0.01 C
Specific heat (liquid water) = 4.19 103 J/kgK
Specific heat (ice) = 2.10 103 J/kgK
Specific heat (steam) = 2.01 103 J/kgK
Latent heat of fusion = 3.34 105 J/kg
Latent heat of vaporization = 2.256 106 J/kg

1. Got Scales? Consider the following temperatures: I. 3.00 C, II. 11.00 F, III. 74.00 K.
Which of the following gives the correct relationship among these three temperatures?
A. III<II<I
B. I<II<III
C. III<I<II
D. I=II<III
2. Zeroth. System A is in thermal equilibrium with system B. System B is removed and
brought in contact with system C. Upon contact, changes in the properties of systems B
and C are observed. Which of the following is TRUE about the temperatures of systems
A, B, and C after all changes ceased?

A. TB = TA C. TB = TC
B. TA = TC D. All of the above

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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 20152016 Physics 73

3. Real Steel. A steel cylinder [ = 3.60 105 (C )1 ] is initially at 7.00 C. At what

temperature will its volume be 0.20% larger than its initial volume?
A. 55.6 C
B. 62.6 C
C. 222 C
D. 229 C
4. Squeeze. A metal rod experiences a 2000 N/m2 stress upon increasing the temperature
at constant length by 10 C . If the cross-sectional area is tripled and the temperature is
increased further by another 10 C , what will be the new stress on the rod?
A. 1000 N/m2
B. 1333 N/m2
C. 6000 N/m2
D. 4000 N/m2
5. Ice Bucket Challenge. How much heat should be removed to freeze 0.20 kg of water
initially at 15.0 C to ice at 0.00 C?
A. 1.26 104 J
B. 5.42 104 J
C. 6.68 104 J
D. 7.94 104 J
6. DQ. Mass A needs to absorb some amount of heat Q to raise its temperature by 1 K. If
the mass is divided into two equal parts, how much heat does each part need to increase its
temperature by 1 K?
A. Q
B. 2Q
C. Q/2
D. Q/4
7. Steamy. How much water at 20.0 C will it take to cool down a kilogram of steam at
100 C into liquid water at an equilibrium temperature of 25.0 C?

A. 123 kg C. 345 kg
B. 92.7 kg D. 23.7 kg

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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 20152016 Physics 73

8. Lez go metal! Three cylindrical metals, A, B, and C,

are connected according to the figure shown. All metals
have the same dimensions. Their thermal conductivities
are related as follows: kA = kC and kB = 2kA . The free
end of metal A is maintained at 100 C and the free end
of metal C is maintained at 0 C. What is the junction
temperature between metals A and B?
A. 60 C
B. 40 C
C. 50 C
D. 55 C
9. Spherical T-O-R. What is the net heat flow of a spherical blackbody with a radius of 5.0
103 m and temperature of 410 K placed in a region in the universe where the temperature
is 1000 K?
A. 1.73 1013 W, into the body
B. 1.73 1013 W, out of the body
C. 4.33 1012 W, into the body
D. 4.33 1012 W, out of the body
10. Rods. In order to determine the thermal conductivity of a metal, one end of the bar is
maintained at 0 C and the other end at 100 C. The bar has a cross-sectional area of
1.00 cm2 and length of 15.00 cm. If the rate of heat conduction through the bar is 24 W,
what is the thermal conductivity of the bar?
A. 24 W/m-K
B. 360 W/m-K
C. 160 W/m-K
D. 63 W/m-K

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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 20152016 Physics 73

11. Almost ideal. In which of the following situations can a real gas, obeying the van der
Waals equation of state, be approximated as an ideal gas? (Assume all other variables are
kept consant in all situations.)
A. When 106 mol of real gas are placed in a 10 m3 container.
B. When 0.01 mol of real gas are placed in a 106 m3 container.
C. When 10 mol of real gas are placed in a 10 m3 container.
D. A real gas can be approximated as an ideal gas in all of the three situations.
12. Cylindrical tank. A large cylindrical tank contains 0.75 m3 of nitrogen gas (assumed to
be ideal) at 27 C and 5.0 104 Pa. What will be the pressure if the volume is decreased
to 0.45 m3 and the temperature is increased to 87 C?
A. 2.7 105 Pa
B. 2.6 104 Pa
C. 6.9 104 Pa
D. 1.0 105 Pa
13. N2. How many moles of nitrogen are present in a volume of 3.00 L if the temperature of
the gas is 22 C and the absolute pressure is 2.00 atm?
A. 0.002 mol
B. 0.248 mol
C. 0.033 mol
D. 3.320 mol
14. KE. What is the average translational kinetic energy of a monatomic ideal gas molecule at
27 C?
A. 5.59 1022 J
B. 3.73 1022 J
C. 6.22 1021 J
D. 4.14 1021 J

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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 20152016 Physics 73

15. Gas. A vessel contains 1000 molecules of ideal gas,peach of mass m at temperature T .
How many gas molecules have speeds greater than 108kT /(25m)? The table below
shows fractions of molecules in an ideal gas with speeds less than various multiples of
v/vrms .

v/vrms Fraction v/vrms Fraction

0.20 0.011 1.20 0.771
0.40 0.077 1.40 0.882
0.60 0.218 1.60 0.947
0.80 0.411 1.80 0.979
1.00 0.608 2.00 0.993
A. 200
B. 229
C. 771
D. 400
16. Assumption. Which of the following statements is included in the assumptions of the
kinetic molecular model of an ideal gas?
A. The gas molecules obey the van der Waals equation of state.
B. The gas molecules collide inelastically with the walls of the container.
C. The size of individual molecules is much smaller than the average distance be-
tween molecules.
D. The mass of the molecules varies and follows the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribu-
tion.
17. Mass per Mole. If 57.6 J of heat is needed to raise the temperature of a diatomic ideal gas
with a total mass of 4.00 103 kg from 30 C to 50 C at constant volume, what is the
molar mass of this gas?
A. 28.9 103 kg/mol
B. 19.6 103 kg/mol
C. 17.3 103 kg/mol
D. 16.4 103 kg/mol

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18. Neophase. Consider the phase diagram of neon shown in

the figure. Its triple point is (Ttp , ptp ) = (24.56 K, 0.432
105 Pa) and the critical point is (Tcp , pcp ) = (44.49 K,
27.69 105 Pa). What is its phase at 293 K and standard
atmospheric pressure?
A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas
D. Cannot be determined

19. pV Diagram. Consider the following pV diagram for an

ideal gas. Which of the following is correct regarding
the relationship among magnitudes of work done, |W |,
for different thermodynamic paths?
A. |W123 | > |W31 | > |W12 |
B. |W12 | = |W23 | < |W31 |
C. |W12 | > |W123 | > |W31 |
D. |W23 | = |W123 | < |W31 |

20. Pressurized. Ten moles of an ideal gas are compressed at constant pressure until its tem-
perature reaches 6.0 C. If 1.5 kJ of work is needed to do this, what is the initial temperature
of the gas?
A. 48 C
B. 32 C
C. 24 C
D. 12 C
21. Ratio. Consider 3.00 mol of an ideal gas which expands isothermally from V1 to V2 at
30.0 C. If the work done by the gas is 3906 J, what is the ratio of the final pressure to the
initial pressure, p2 /p1 ?

A. 0.391 C. 1.676
B. 0.500 D. 0.596

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22. Cylinder. A cylinder with movable piston contains an ideal gas. During isobaric expansion
of the gas from 0.250 m3 to 0.280 m3 , it absorbs 8.59 kJ of heat and its internal energy
increases by 4.30 kJ. What is the pressure exerted by the gas?
A. 1.43 105 Pa
B. 2.30 105 Pa
C. 2.51 105 Pa
D. 3.06 105 Pa
23. Compressible. A gas in a container compresses isobarically at 0.140 MPa from a volume
of 0.250 m3 to 0.090 m3 . If 0.130 MJ of heat is liberated during the process, what is the
change in internal energy of the gas?
A. 152 kJ
B. 108 kJ
C. 108 kJ
D. 152 kJ

24. Q Pro-moves. Consider the pV diagram of a monatomic

ideal gas shown in the figure. How much heat is absorbed
by the gas during the process ABC? (BC is an isothermal
process.)
A. 8.77 105 J
B. 1.27 105 J
C. 1.27 105 J
D. 1.63 106 J
25. Im being pressured. Which of the following heat capacity ratios of ideal gases will
yield the least value of the pressure ratio p2 /p1 when the gas is compressed adiabatically
to one half of its original volume?
A. 1.40
B. 1.67
C. 1.30
D. 1.72

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For the next two numbers, consider 2.00 mol of a monatomic ideal gas that has a volume of
0.0350 m3 and is held at a pressure of 120 kPa.
26. Vol-lala. If the gas undergoes adiabatic heating such that its temperature is raised to 400
K, what is the volume of the gas at its final state?
A. 3.51 1010 m3
B. 1.11 102 m3
C. 1.76 102 m3
D. 5.55 107 m3
27. Who U? What is the change in internal energy of the gas for the adiabatic process?
A. Zero
B. 3677 J
C. 737 J
D. 1180 J
28. Efficiency. What is the efficiency of a heat engine that discards 850 J of heat for every
2000 J of heat absorbed?
A. 0.575
B. 0.425
C. 0.400
D. 2.353
For the next two numbers, consider an Otto engine operated using a monatomic ideal gas that
has a compression ratio of 2.50.
29. Otto Efficiency. What is the efficiency of the engine?
A. 1.000
B. 0.307
C. 0.693
D. 0.457
30. Quite hot. How much heat does the engine need to absorb from the hot reservoir per cycle
if it is required to do 2.00 kJ of work every cycle?
A. 2.00 kJ
B. 4.38 kJ
C. 6.51 kJ
D. 2.89 kJ

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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 20152016 Physics 73

31. Compound Device. A heat engine with a thermal efficiency of 0.35 performs work as
input to a refrigerator that has a COP of 2.5. If the engine absorbs 10 kJ of heat from the
hot reservoir, how much heat does the refrigerator absorb from the cold reservoir?
A. 8.75 kJ
B. 71.4 kJ
C. 1.40 kJ
D. 3.51 kJ
For the next two numbers, consider a refrigerator which takes in 6.50 kJ of heat per hour using
a power input of 2.00 W.
32. K. What is the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator?
A. 0.903
B. 3.25
C. 3.61
D. 13.0
33. Ehhhh. Suppose the refrigerator is a Carnot refrigerator. When run in reverse as a heat
engine, what is its efficiency?
A. 0.217
B. 0.525
C. 0.235
D. 0.692
34. The irreversible. Which of the following processes is irreversible?
A. Isothermal expansion of gas while absorbing a quantity of heat.
B. Adiabatic expansion from higher to lower temperature.
C. Isobaric compression of gas from higher to lower temperature.
D. All the processes mentioned are reversible.
35. Car, No! Ref, Yes! A Carnot refrigerator operates between 250. K and 300. K. What is its
coefficient of performance?
A. 6
B. 5
C. 50
D. 10

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36. Entrovaporation. What is the change in entropy of 2.00 kg of water that is vaporized at
100 C and converted to steam at 100 C?
A. 12,100 J/K
B. 6,050 J/K
C. 22,600 J/K
D. 45,100 J/K
37. Steampunk. What is the change in entropy of 1.00 kg of steam at 100. C when it is
converted to water at 50.0 C?
A. 6.05 103 J/K
B. 2.26 104 J/K
C. 6.03 102 J/K
D. 6.65 103 J/K
38. Prey Not. Which of the following processes produce(s) a decrease in entropy of a system?
I. Melting ice to form water
II. Condensing steam to form water
III. Free expansion of a gas
A. I and II
B. II and III
C. III only
D. II only
39. Oh My Gas! Initially, n moles of an ideal gas occupy a volume V . The gas then expands
isothermally to a volume rV , where r is the compression ratio. What is the change in
entropy of the gas?
A. rR ln n
B. R ln n/r
C. R ln r/n
D. nR ln r

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40. Isothermal Vs. Adiabatic. An ideal gas occupying a volume V expands isothermally to
volume 2V . Another sample of the same ideal gas occupying the same volume V expands
adiabatically to volume 2V . Which of the following is true regarding the change in entropy
of the gas in the two processes?
A. Sadiabatic > Sisothermal .
B. Sisothermal > Sadiabatic .
C. Both processes will have the same nonzero change in entropy.
D. Both processes will have no change in entropy.

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