"Year of the World Summits in Peru" PUBLIC Technological Institute

"CARLOS CUETO Fernandini"

SPECIALTY:
Automotive Mechanics
TOPICS
:
- Clamping Tools - Drawing Tools - The Drill
HALF TIME STUDENT TEACHER
:
Celestino Mendoza Perales
:
F. Morales Valderrama Juric
:
1 unit 2
:
Day
2008
Vests TOOLS
Clamping Tools: used to hold pieces or immobilize parts. This group may consider
the following: Pliers, vise, Sergeant
Pliers:
Pliers are a vital tool in any basic equipment with hand tools because they are
widely used, serving to hold, bend or break. There are many types of pliers, amo
ng which include the following: Universal, cutting, pressure, flat head and roun
d head, etc.
Mechanical Extractor:
The Extractor mechanic. It is a tool that is used primarily to remove the pulley
s, gears or bearings of the axles, when they are very tight and get their hand s
trength. It can break the pulley if you incorrectly set the pump.
Sergeant:
Sergeant (tool) is a common tool in many professions, especially in carpentry, c
onsists of two jaws, an adjustable screw. Are basically used to hold pieces to b
e machined if they are metal or are to be glued Don queue if it is wood.
Clamp:
There are regular pliers to extract points or cut wires and extensible tongs are
very useful tools for holding items that a normal plier does not have enough to
hold opening. The fact that it is extensible, making them very versatile.
Vise:
Vise is a set very sturdy metal with two jaws, one of which is fixed and the oth
er opens and closes when turned with a lever square-threaded screw. It is a tool
that is bolted to a desk and is very common in engineering workshops.
Locking pliers: used to hold small parts or pieces that fit into the gag when yo
u are drilling.
TRACING TOOLS
Pencil to draw and which can easily delete or hide
Pencil To draw a hard and soft and precise
Permanent ink pen to draw and not erase the mark and can be used in virtually ev
ery type of material.
Metal Scriber
Granet is a tool with a hardened steel pointer at one end sharpened to a point a
pproximately 60 degrees which is used to mark the exact spot in a room where a h
ole has to be done when there are no adequate staffing.
Compass is used to draw circles or arcs. For metals using a compass with two poi
nts of steel. The bar apart from other concepts is a tool used in machine shops
to draw circles and diameters verify both external and internal parts.
Squad The squad that is used in the workshops is entirely of steel, can be fin o
r flat and is mainly used for tracing and verification of squareness of machined
parts.
The DRILL
Definition
The drill is the machine tool where most of the machined holes that make the par
ts in the repair shop. These machines stand out for the simplicity of its manage
ment. They have two movements: The rotation of the bit that gives it the machine
electric motor through a transmission by pulleys and gears, and the progress of
penetration of the drill, which can be performed manually or automatically sens
ory if it incorporates transmission. Drill is called the machining operation whi
ch aims to produce cylindrical holes in a piece either, using a drill tool. The
drilling operation can be done with a portable drill with a drilling machine in
a lathe, a milling machine, a CNC machining center or a boring. In all machining
processes, drilling is considered one of the most important processes due to it
s widespread use and ease of implementation, since it is one of the machining op
erations easier to perform and that is necessary in most components are manufact
ured.
Types of Drilling Machines
The drilling machine can be assembled in six separate groups:
Drilling sensitive
Drilling column
Radial drilling machines
Drilling turret
multi-spindle drill

CNC machining centers

Column Drilling
These machines are characterized by the rotation of a vertical spindle in a fixe
d position and supported by a frame construction, type C modified.€Column drills
forward gear-are characteristic of this family of machines and are better suited
to illustrate the nomenclature.
Column Drill Nomenclature
The main components of the machine are: Caucus: is the framework that supports
the machine, consists of a base or foot that is fixed in the column on which th
e head is fixed and the table of the machine is rotating around the column. Engi
ne: these machines incorporate a variable output electric motor depending on the
capabilities of the machine. Head: is the part of the machine hosting the gearb
ox and feed mechanism of the spindle. The chuck head slides down acting levers t
hat activate a rack and pinion mechanism moving the entire race to take a drill
to the back of the head is automatic when it gives the pressure on it.

Automatic Drilling Progress of work is regulated in mm / revolution of the shaft

. Transmission Pulleys: the movement of the spindle motor, is made with straps
that connect two pulleys with which it is possible to vary the speed according
to cutting conditions and the spindle drilling chuck. There are drills that besi
des the pulleys incorporate a gearbox to set the speed of the spindle and the pr
ogress of penetration. Nonius: drills have a vernier to control the depth of dri
lling. This vernier is capped when regulating the desired depth is achieved. Spi
ndle is equipped with a tapered bore to receive the tapered end of the drill, or
drill chuck that allows the assembly of thin bits, or other cutting tools used
in the machine, such as male or reamers. Mesa is mounted on the column and can b
e raised or lowered and clamped in position to support the workpiece at the appr
opriate height to allow drilling in the desired shape.

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Attm: Juric Francisco Morales Valderrama