Teacher: Laura Lopez Garcia UNIT 1 .

- Drawing
TECHNOLOGY - 2 º ESO AUTOCAD PRACTICES
1 .- What is AutoCad?
AutoCad is a program of computer-aided design (CAD). A CAD program is a powerful
tool that allows us to draw and design by the computer using a series of comman
ds. Some of the most notable applications of AutoCad in their volume of use are:
Delineation comfortable, accurate and fast. technical project design in 2D
and 3D. design changes. Delineation of the designs created. Calculation of
physical properties of the elements. Generation Computer graphics and photo
realistic images marketing
2 .- Coordinates
The AutoCAD drawing area can be regarded as a role with infinite dimensions in w
hich we find an origin of coordinates. We can introduce the coordinates of four
ways:

Absolute Cartesian coordinates: separated by commas are inserted in the order x,

y. Are the distances to the point of origin for the x (horizontal) and y (verti
cal). Relative or incremental Cartesian coordinates: the coordinates x, y are in
troduced relating to the last point marked by prepending the @ symbol. (@ X, y)
absolute polar coordinates: the distance from point indicate the origin of coord
inates and angles formed by the positive X-axis with the line joining the point
with the origin. Are introduced in the form module and argument separated by the
symbol <. (30 <45) on polar coordinates or incremental: they are more used than
before. Coordinates are marked on the last point, putting the @ symbol. (@ 60 <
90)

3 .- Order "Line"
The command "line" allows us to draw a segment indicated the coordinates of the
endpoints.
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Teacher: Laura Lopez Garcia UNIT 1 .- Drawing Exercise: Draw the line joining po
ints A and B, knowing that the absolute Cartesian coordinates of point A are (10
,20) and point B are (50.40).
TECHNOLOGY - 2 º ESO AUTOCAD PRACTICES
Exercise: Draw the segment AB knowing the absolute Cartesian coordinates of poin
t A are (20,20) and point B is 40 units from point A in the direction of axis x
and 30 units in the y-axis (Cartesian coordinates on .)
Exercise: Draw the segment AB is 50 units and which is inclined 45 degrees, know
ing that the absolute Cartesian coordinates of point A are (20,20).
Exercise: Develop the following drawing of a house using absolute Cartesian coor
dinates, Cartesian and polar on incremental.
4 .- Review of orders
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Teacher: Laura Lopez Garcia UNIT 1 .- Drawing
TECHNOLOGY - 2 º ESO AUTOCAD PRACTICES
We review, then a series of orders that have been used when drawing the icon of
the previous year: Delete: serves to delete objects in the drawing. Once we ente
red the order requested to check the objects to be removed. There are three type
s of designations: manual, window capture. Moves: Used to move or transport enti
ties. After executing the command and designated entities to move, AutoCad ask u
s a base point or displacement and the end point of displacement.

Exercise: Perform the following drawing of a table combining Cartesian and polar
coordinates, both absolute and relative terms.
5 .- Order "circle"
This is the command that you use AutoCad to draw circles. There are the followin
g:

CEN, RAD <for defecto> Page:

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Teacher: Laura Lopez Garcia UNIT 1 .- Drawing

TECHNOLOGY - 2 º ESO AUTOCAD PRACTICES

3Point TTR: two objects are requested and then the tangency radius of the circle
Command is widely used as adjunct to mark or reference. Exercise: Locate on the
above drawing of the house three circular windows in the coordinates indicated.
Exercise: draw the figure on the left using the three methods allows us to draw
a circle.
6 .- Order "zoom"
This command lets you enlarge or reduce areas of drawing, or drawing in its enti
rety. Consider the following options:

Window: designating a display window by two points (the corners) and displayed a
s framed by that window. Previous: restores the previous view. All: adjusts the
window size to the limits of your drawing.
7 .- Order "grid"
This command creates an array of benchmarks that extends to the limits of the dr
awing set with the command "limits." The options are: range (x), ACT, DES, Forzc
oor, Appearance.
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Teacher: Laura Lopez Garcia UNIT 1 .- Drawing
TECHNOLOGY - 2 º ESO AUTOCAD PRACTICES
8.- Order "forzcoor"
Generates an invisible grid whose step will set the cursor movement. (Note the w
indow coordinates) Exercise: Draw only half of the house from previous years usi
ng only the mouse and helping the orders "forzcoor" and "grid." It must take int
o account all necessary coordinates are multiples of 10.
9 .- Order "symmetry"
Generates a mirror image of a group of entities. Entities are selected and then
two points which form the axis of symmetry. AutoCad Then ask if you want to dele
te the objects reflected. Exercise: Using the symmetry order to complete the hou
se last year.
10 .- Order "refent"
Allows you to enter coordinates referring them to other entities and drawn point
s: an intersection, a tangent to two arcs, the center of a circle or arc, etc. T
he most important are:

FIN: choose the closest endpoint of an entity INT: Select the intersecting point
where two entities. MED: select the midpoint of an entity. PER: select a point
that is perpendicular to the last point made regarding the entity of which it fo
rms part.
Reference modes can be used at the time that we request any point.
Exercise: draw a triangle with sides 40, 50 and 60 units respectively. Think how
you would perform with a ruler and compass (you must use circles and entity ref
erences).
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Teacher: Laura Lopez Garcia UNIT 1 .- Drawing
TECHNOLOGY - 2 º ESO AUTOCAD PRACTICES
11 .- Order "ortho"
The cursor will move in all directions, but when drawing entities will only be d
rawn horizontally or vertically, or orthogonal. The option to enable drawing ACT
 DES orthogonal and turn it off or F8 key. Exercise: draw the three characters o
n the 6th ACTIVITY on page 24 of the Book of Technology.
12 .- Order "textodin"
Allow us to enter text in your drawing. When enforcing the state's request appea
rs in the text, the height, angle of rotation and the text will be drawn.
13 .- Order "tour"
Rotates an entity or group of entities. Steps: 1 .- The designated entities to r
otate. 2 .- It shows the base point of rotation. 3 .- Insert the angle of rotati
on. We have two options: Enter the angle directly. Enter the angle indirectl
y by reference. Exercise: building the next figure (symbol of the bulb) with ran
dom measures, disabling the forced coordinates
14 .- Order "copy"
Make a copy of one or more entities by following these steps: 1 .- To designate
the entities to copy. 2 .- Indicate serve as a reference point when you insert t
he copy. Multiple Choice allows multiple copying of all selected entities and th
en indicates the base point of displacement 3 .- It shows the insertion point of
the copy.
15 .- Order "polygon"
Can draw a regular polygon sides from 3-1024. Steps: 1 .- Enter the number of si
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Teacher: Laura Lopez Garcia UNIT 1 .- Drawing
TECHNOLOGY - 2 º ESO AUTOCAD PRACTICES
2 .- It calls for the center of the polygon and then the radius of the circle in
scribed in the polygon. Another option would be to indicate the measure of choic
e side by side. Exercise: Draw a polygon with five sides and draw all the diagon
als to obtain a 5-pointed star as shown in Fig.
16 .- Order "refine"
It makes possible the drawings. The basic types of stage are: • • • HORIZONTAL:
allows the dimension of a horizontal line. Autocad asks for the origin and end o
f the reference line and then ask for the location of the dimension line and the
text of it. VERTICAL: allows the dimension of a vertical line. Its use is ident
ical to the option HORIZONTAL. IN LINE: to outline a line with any inclination t
o
Exercise: Draw the following figure annotations that appear in it:
•
LINEABASE: allows setting a successive demarcation point. By using this order us
ing any of the above.
Exercise: Draw the following figure with the annotations that appear in it. Use
the kind of stage LINEABASE.
•
CONTINUED: This option allows to annotate continuous. By using this order using
any of the above options (horizontal, vertical, aligned or rotated) to draw the
first dimension, whose second point will be the first point of reference for suc
cessive dimension lines.
Exercise: Draw the following figure with the annotations that appear in it. Use
the kind of stage CONTINUOUS.
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Teacher: Laura Lopez Garcia ITEM 1.- Drawing
TECHNOLOGY - 2 º ESO AUTOCAD PRACTICES
•
ANGLE: This option allows the annotation of angles. When you run this option, Au
toCAD pending the appointment of the first and second reference line. Once-desig
nate asks for the location of the arc of the altitude. Then we introduce the dim
ension text and its location.
Exercise: Draw the following figure with the annotations that appear in it. Use
the kind of stage ANGLE.
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