The Earth is surrounded by a thick gaseous layer that acts as a protective layer

, preventing the penetration of solar radiation harmful to life. It is this laye

r is called gaseous atmosphere.
Atmosphere
It is a mixture of gases colorless, odorless and tasteless, they also have water
and fine dust. -Is divided into several layers of different thicknesses, exten
ding to about 700 km but has a defined border.
Layers of the atmosphere stand out for their importance for living beings, those
who are closest to us: Stratosphere Troposphere.
Troposphere:
It is this layer there are the oxygen that we breathe in and carbon dioxide with
which plants make photosynthesis. It is also here that form clouds and precipit
ation, as important for climate.
Stratosphere:
Is about 40 km thick and is where there is a layer of ozone-protective . This g
as forms a protective barrier from ultraviolet rays, preventing them from reachi
ng the earth's surface.
UV radiation causes irreparable harm to living beings, for example, skin cancer,
eye diseases and decrease the body's defenses, making the greater the danger of
infection.
The atmosphere plays several important functions:
protects the planet from harmful radiation from sunlight and other from space;
absorbs and retains some of the heat radiated by the sun;
causes the disintegration of some meteorites that hit Earth; redistribute th
rough the rain, the water evaporated from the seas,
and contain oxygen and other gases required for life.
The air is invisible, but is easily recognized if their presence when we breathe
, when we see the swing from trees or when the wind whips us .
The air is colorless, odorless and tasteless.
Also has weight;
Occupies space;
It is compressible;
Has a varying degree;
Has atmospheric pressure.
There is a combustion when substances burn. The phenomenon of combustion only oc
curs in the simultaneous presence of: • a substance that burns - fuel, • a subst
ance that allows combustion - oxidising • a temperature that allows the ignition
of the fuel.
The air is a mixture of various gases, all of them invisible and odorless. The m
ain gases that make up the air are:
The air is constituted by at least two gases: a gas that allows the combustion
- oxidizing. a gas that leaves the combustion takes place - incomburente.
The oxidizing gas occupies approximately air volume and is called oxygen. The
gas occupies almost incomburente air volume and is called nitrogen.
The candle went out when they spent all gas oxidizer (which allows the combustio
n) that existed inside the bottle.
Hydrogen peroxide is very rich in oxygen and in the presence of manganese dioxid
e, oxygen is rapidly released. The toothpick on fire ignited because oxygen and
allows the active combustion, ie it is an oxidizing gas.
Oxygen is also a colorless, odorless and non-combustible (does not burn).
Nitrogen gas is a constituent of air that exists in greater quantity. It is a co
lorless, odorless, incombustible and incomburente.
Given the fact that incomburente and exist in large quantities, nitrogen moderat
es the oxidizing action of oxygen, making the combustion air in less intense tha
n those taking place in the presence of pure oxygen. Nitrogen is thus a moderati
ng role in combustion.
Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless and incombustible It dissolves easily in
water (and therefore is often used in the manufacture of soft drinks and other
carbonated drinks, because it gives you a spicy taste). In addition to these pro
perties, carbon dioxide: is denser than air and is incomburente ; turbid wa
ter of lime.
Water vapor is invisible, odorless and colorless. The atmospheric water vapor in
contact with the cold walls of the glass becomes liquid, depositing itself in t
he form of droplets.
In the atmosphere, the amount of water vapor is variable, becoming more or less
wet.
The gases forming the air, in addition to being essential to life, are used in v
arious human activities such as industry, agriculture, transport, sports and med
icine.
Oxygen is essential to respiration of living beings.
In certain situations it is necessary to provide oxygen (patients, mountaineers)
In industry joins oxygen to make combustion more active.
Carbon dioxide is essential for plants to perform photosynthesis.
How easily dissolves in liquid carbon dioxide is used to carbonate soft drinks.
Carbon dioxide is used in the production of dry ice contained in fire extinguish
ers.
Nitrogen is used in the production of fertilizers to fertilize the fields.
In its liquid nitrogen is used in medicine as it reaches very low temperatures,
thus conserving the characteristics of certain human products (sperm, ova)