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UNIVERSITY OF BOLTON

ENGINEERING, SPORT AND SCIENCES ACADEMIC

GROUP

BENG (HONS)/MENG BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

SEMESTER ONE EXAMINATIONS 2014/2015

INTRODUCTION TO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

MODULE NO: BME4001

Date: Friday, 23 January 2015 Time: 2.00 4.00 p.m.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
This is a closed book exam. You have
TWO hours to complete this exam.
There are FOUR SECTIONS (A-D) on this
paper. Answer ALL the questions in
each section. Candidates are advised
that the examiners attach importance to
legibility of writing and clarity of
expression. YOU ARE STRONGLY
ADVISED TO PLAN YOUR ANSWERS.
Write all answers in answer booklet. If
extra answer sheets are used, please
label them with your student number
and attach them to this exam booklet.
This paper carries a total of 100 marks.
 Page 2 of 11
Engineering, Sports & Sciences Academic Group
BEng (Hons)/MEng Biomedical Engineering
Semester 1 Examination 2014/2015
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
Module No. BME 4001
 Page 3 of 11
Engineering, Sports & Sciences Academic Group
BEng (Hons)/MEng Biomedical Engineering
Semester 1 Examination 2014/2015
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
Module No. BME 4001

Section A.
Multiple choice questions. Answer ALL the questions in this section by
choosing the SINGLE best response. 1 mark for each question, 15 marks in
total.

1 .Biomedical engineering (BME) is the application of to the medical field.

a. Biological and medical research techniques;
b. Engineering principles and techniques;
c. Scientific research methodologies;
d. None of the above.

2. Which instrument is NOT used for kinematics?

a. Electrogoniometers;
b. Speed guns;
c. Accelerometers;
d. Strain gauge.

3. Which of the following is NOT a biomaterial?

a. Drug;
b. Synthetic material;
c. Natural material;
d. Composite of synthetic and natural materials.

4. The first biosensor designed in 1962 was an amperometric enzyme electrode for .
a. Protein;
b. Glucose;
c. CO2;
d. CO.

5. Piezoelectric sensors measure changes in .

a. Mass;
b. Electric distribution;
c. Light intensity;
d. Heat.

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Engineering, Sports & Sciences Academic Group
BEng (Hons)/MEng Biomedical Engineering
Semester 1 Examination 2014/2015
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
Module No. BME 4001

6. Within MEMS, which of the following is no longer important?

a. Gravity;
b. Surface science;
c. Atomic force;
d. None of the above.

7. Which of the following imaging modalities is NOT based on X-rays?

a. Radiography;
b. Ultrasound imaging;
c. Mammography;
d. Fluoroscopy.

8. In nuclear medicine imaging, a chemical or compound containing a radioactive

isotope is usually given to the patient .
a. Only orally;
b. Only by injection;
c. Only by inhalation;
d. Orally, by injection or by inhalation.

9. MRI scanners use magnetic fields that are about times stronger than the
earth's magnetic field.
a. 10,000 to 60,000;
b. 1,000 to 6000;
c. 100 to 600;
d. 10 to 60.

10. Biomedical signals differ from other signals only in terms of .

a. Application, i.e. the biomedical signals are used in the biomedical field;
b. Measurement, which is obtained using specific imaging equipment;
c. Signal processing with different software;
d. Signal analysis with different software.

11. The real power of virtual instrumentation lies in the .

a. Hardware;
b. Software;
c. Personnel;
d. None of the above.
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Engineering, Sports & Sciences Academic Group
BEng (Hons)/MEng Biomedical Engineering
Semester 1 Examination 2014/2015
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
Module No. BME 4001

12. Biochemical engineering is the extension of principles to systems using a

biocatalyst to bring about the desired chemical transformation.
a. Biomedical engineering;
b. Medical engineering;
c. Cell engineering;
d. Chemical engineering.

13. Who are the customers of clinical engineering?

a. Clinical staff;
b. Patients;
c. Both A and B;
d. None of the above.

14. Rehabilitation engineering aims to improve the quality of life of people with
disabilities in functional areas, such as .
a. Mobility;
b. Communications;
c. Hearing;
d. All of the above.

15. Telemedicine provides and supports health care services across not only
geographic but also barriers.
a. Temporal;
b. Social;
c. Cultural;
d. All of the above.

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Engineering, Sports & Sciences Academic Group
BEng (Hons)/MEng Biomedical Engineering
Semester 1 Examination 2014/2015
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
Module No. BME 4001

Section B.
True-False statements. Answer ALL the questions in this section. Indicate
whether each statement is true or false by WRITING T (true) or F (false) for
each question. 1 mark for each statement, 15 marks in total.

1. Scientists study the world as it is; engineers create the world that has never been.

2. Women have more mass concentrated around the hips and above and this gives
them an advantage in balance related activities.

3. Slew rate is the maximum rate at which the system can observe a changing
voltage per unit time.

4. Microorganisms cannot be used as the biological element of a biosensor because they

usually contaminate the analyte.

5. Bionics or biomimicry is the application of biological methods and systems found

in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology.

6. Bionic implants differ from mere prostheses by mimicking the original function very
closely, or even surpassing it.

7. Much lower X-ray energies are used in mammography than any other
radiographic applications.

8. Most physiological processes in humans or animals are accompanied by (or

manifest themselves as) signals that reflect their nature and activities.

9. Virtual instrumentation makes it possible to combine several instruments together,

customize the data collection, and perform unique data analysis that no single
instrument can provide.

10. The aim of chemical engineering is to change materials from one form to another
more useful (and so more valuable) form in an economic, safe and
environmentally acceptable way.

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Engineering, Sports & Sciences Academic Group
BEng (Hons)/MEng Biomedical Engineering
Semester 1 Examination 2014/2015
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
Module No. BME 4001

11. It is not possible to use transgenic plants for the production of human antibodies.

12. A cell is the biggest unit of an organism that is classified as living.

13. Nanotechnology deals with structures sized between 1 to 100 nanometers in all
three dimensions.

14. Computational biology is mainly about modelling and simulation, but not data
collection nor data analysis.

15. Biomedical informatics is the systematic processing of data, information and

knowledge in medicine and health care for the purpose of problem solving but
not decision making.

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Engineering, Sports & Sciences Academic Group
BEng (Hons)/MEng Biomedical Engineering
Semester 1 Examination 2014/2015
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
Module No. BME 4001

Section C.
Matching. There are 4 matching questions in this section, answer ALL of them.
In each question, there are 5 concepts and 8 definitions/statements. LINK the
NUMBER of each concept with the LETTER of the most suitable definition or
statement. Note: NOT all definitions/statements will be used and no
definition/statement can be used more than once; 1 mark for each matching, 5
marks for each question, 20 marks in total.

Matching question No. 1.

Concepts:
1) Kinematics
2) Kinesiology
3) Disability study
4) Clinical engineering
5) Accuracy
Definitions or statements:
a. A multidisciplinary approach for the analysis of the dynamic/evolving social,
psychological, economic, political, legal, biomedical and technological context
of people with disabilities in society.
b. An object, plan, or theory that represents or imitates many of the features of
something else (an attempt to represent reality).
c. A measure of the degree of agreement within a group of measurements, i.e.
repeatability of a system.
d. The study of the size, sequencing, and timing of movement, without regard for
the forces that cause or result from the motion.
e. A measure of systemic error; the closeness to the true value of measurand.
f. Application of engineering methods and technology to the safe and effective
provision of health care.
g. Scientific study of human movement including both anatomical and
physiological elements that carry out movements.
h. Products, devices or equipment that are used to maintain, increase or
improve the functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities.

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 Page 9 of 11
Engineering, Sports & Sciences Academic Group
BEng (Hons)/MEng Biomedical Engineering
Semester 1 Examination 2014/2015
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
Module No. BME 4001

Matching question No. 2.

Concepts:
1) Calorimetric sensor
2) Fluoroscopy
3) Radiography
4) Signal
5) Biosignal
Definitions or statements:
a. Used to measure change in light intensity.
b. Used to measure change in heat.
c. The ability to hold or maintain a position in space.
d. The first medical imaging technology based on the discovery of X-rays.
e. The continuous acquisition of a sequence of X-ray images over time;
essentially a real-time X-ray movie of the patient.
f. Any physical quantity that varies as a function of an independent variable.
g. A variable from a biological system that can be measured and monitored and
that can provide information on the health status of the individual.
h. A specialized X-ray projection imaging technique useful for detecting breast
anomalies such as masses and calcifications.

Matching question No. 3.

Concepts:
1) Drift
2) Instrumentation
3) Turbidostat
4) Cell line
5) Continuous cell lines
Definitions or statements:
a. Cells generated by sub-culturing of primary cells.
b. A signal originated from a physiological process of a human or an animal.
c. A continuous culture where levels of one or more nutrients are under control.
d. A type of data collection through the communication between a computer and
bench-top testing instruments.
e. Variation in output without change in input.
f. A type of direct data collection using a computer with the help of a data
acquisition card.
g. Cell lines that can be continuously sub-cultured.
h. A continuous culture where the cell population is under control.

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 Page 10 of 11
Engineering, Sports & Sciences Academic Group
BEng (Hons)/MEng Biomedical Engineering
Semester 1 Examination 2014/2015
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
Module No. BME 4001

Matching question No. 4.

Concepts:
1) Upstream processing
2) Rehabilitation engineering
3) Telemedicine
4) Remote monitoring
5) Subsystem
Definitions or statements:
a. The systematic processing of data, information and knowledge in medicine
and health care.
b. The process in which the product is collected, purified (cleaned) and
concentrated (large to small volume) through multiple steps.
c. The application of science and technology to improve the quality of life of
people with disabilities.
d. The process of growing cells to large quantities for the production of certain
types of product.
e. A set of elements, which is a system itself, and a component of a larger
system.
f. A sub-discipline of biomedical engineering that utilizes information and
telecommunications technology to transfer medical information for diagnosis,
therapy and education.
g. A set of interacting or interdependent components forming an integrated
whole.
h. Enables medical professionals to remotely monitor a patient using various
technological devices.

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Engineering, Sports & Sciences Academic Group
BEng (Hons)/MEng Biomedical Engineering
Semester 1 Examination 2014/2015
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
Module No. BME 4001

Section D.
Short essay questions. Answer ALL the questions in this section. 10 marks for
each question, 50 marks in total.

1. Write a short note to explain the reasons to study biomechanics.

2. Write a short note to explain that a biosensor is a self-contained integrated device.

3. Write a short note to explain the challenging issues associated with biomedical
signal processing.

4. Write a short note to explain the functions of clinical engineering.

5. Write a short note to explain store-and-forward (S-F) telemedicine.

END OF QUESTIONS