Apush Period 7 Key Concepts

14911607 16071754 17541800 18001848 18441877 18651898 18901945 19451980 1980PRESENT
PERIOD 7:
18901945
The AP U.S. History Curriculum Framework
Related Thematic Key Concept 7.1: Growth expanded opportunity, while economic
Learning Objectives
(Focus of Exam
instability led to new efforts to reform U.S. society and its
CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
Questions) economic system.
WXT-2.0: Explain I. The United States continued its transition from a rural, agricultural economy
how patterns of to an urban, industrial economy led by large companies.
exchange, markets,
and private enterprise A) New technologies and
have developed, manufacturing techniques
and analyze ways helped focus the U.S.
that governments economy on the production
have responded to of consumer goods,
economic issues. contributing to improved
WXT-3.0: Analyze standards of living, greater
how technological personal mobility, and better
innovation has communications systems.
affected economic
development B) By 1920, a majority of
and society. the U.S. population lived
in urban centers, which
MIG-2.0: Analyze offered new economic
causes of internal opportunities for women,
migration and patterns international migrants,
of settlement in and internal migrants.
what would become
the United States, C) Episodes of credit and
and explain how market instability in the early
migration has affected 20thcentury, in particular
American life. the Great Depression,
led to calls for a stronger
financial regulatory system.

Period 7: 18901945 TEACHER-SELECTED EXAMPLES OF HISTORICAL
INDIVIDUALS, EVENTS, TOPICS, OR SOURCES FOR
Key Concept 7.1
STUDENTS TOEXAMINE THE KEY CONCEPT IN DEPTH
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AP United States History Course and Exam Description Table of Contents 68
2015 The College Board
Learning Objectives
(Focus of Exam
POL-2.0: Explain how II. In the Progressive Era of the early 20th century, Progressives responded to
popular movements, political corruption, economic instability, and social concerns by calling for greater
reform efforts, and government action and other political and social measures.
activist groups have
sought to change A) Some Progressive Era
American society journalists attacked what they
and institutions. saw as political corruption,
POL-3.0: Explain how social injustice, and economic
different beliefs inequality, while reformers,
about the federal often from the middle and
governments role upper classes and including
in U.S. social and many women, worked to effect
economic life have social changes in cities and
affected political among immigrant populations.
debates and policies.
B) On the national level,
GEO-1.0: Explain Progressives sought federal
how geographic legislation that they believed
and environmental would effectively regulate the
factors shaped the economy, expand democracy,
development of and generate moral reform.
various communities, Progressive amendments to
and analyze how the Constitution dealt with
competition for and issues such as prohibition
debates over natural and woman suffrage.
resources have affected
both interactions among
different groups and C) Preservationists and
the development of conservationists both
government policies. supported the establishment
of national parks while
CUL-3.0: Explain how advocating different
ideas about womens government responses to the
rights and gender overuse of natural resources.
roles have affected
society and politics. D) The Progressives were
divided over many issues.
Some Progressives supported
Southern segregation,
while others ignored its
presence. Some Progressives
advocated expanding popular
participation in government,
while others called for greater
reliance on professional and
technical experts to make
government more efficient.
Progressives also disagreed
about immigration restriction.

Key Concept 7.1
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Learning Objectives
(Focus of Exam
POL-1.0: Explain III. During the 1930s, policymakers responded to the mass unemployment and
how and why social upheavals of the Great Depression by transforming the U.S. into a
political ideas, limited welfare state, redefining the goals and ideas of modern American
beliefs, institutions, liberalism.
party systems,
and alignments A) Franklin Roosevelts New
have developed Deal attempted to end
and changed. the Great Depression
POL-3.0: Explain by using government
how different beliefs power to provide relief
about the federal to the poor, stimulate
governments role recovery, and reform the
in U.S. social and American economy.
economic life have
affected political B) Radical, union, and populist
debates and policies. movements pushed
Roosevelt toward more
WXT-1.0: Explain extensive efforts to change
how different labor the American economic
systems developed system, while conservatives
in NorthAmerica and in Congress and the
the United States, and Supreme Court sought to
explain their effects limit the New Deals scope.
on workers lives
and U.S. society.
C) Although the New Deal did
WXT-2.0: Explain not end the Depression, it
how patterns of left a legacy of reforms and
exchange, markets, regulatory agencies and
and private enterprise fostered a long-term political
have developed, realignment in which many
and analyze ways ethnic groups, African
that governments Americans, and working-
have responded to class communities identified
economic issues. with the Democratic Party.

Key Concept 7.1
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Key Concept 7.2: Innovations in communications and technology

Related Thematic contributed to the growth of mass culture, while significant
Learning Objectives
(Focus of Exam changes occurred in internal and international migration
Questions) patterns.
NAT-2.0: Explain I. Popular culture grew in influence in U.S. society, even as debates increased
how interpretations over the effects of culture on public values, morals, and American national
of the Constitution identity.
and debates over
rights, liberties, A) New forms of mass media,
and definitions of such as radio and cinema,
citizenship have contributed to the spread
affected American of national culture as well
values, politics, as greater awareness
and society. of regional cultures.
WXT-3.0: Analyze
how technological B) Migration gave rise to
innovation has new forms of art and
affected economic literature that expressed
development ethnic and regional
and society. identities, such the Harlem
Renaissance movement.
CUL-1.0: Explain how
religious groups and C) Official restrictions on
ideas have affected freedom of speech grew
American society during World War I, as
and political life. increased anxiety about
CUL-2.0: Explain how radicalism led to a Red Scare
artistic, philosophical, and attacks on labor activism
and scientific ideas and immigrant culture.
have developed
and shaped society D) In the 1920s, cultural and
and institutions. political controversies
emerged as Americans
CUL-4.0: Explain debated gender roles,
how different group modernism, science,
identities, including religion, and issues related
racial, ethnic, class, to race and immigration.
and regional identities,
have emerged and
changed over time.

Key Concept 7.2
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Related Thematic Key Concept 7.2: Innovations in communications and technology

Learning Objectives
(Focus of Exam
contributed to the growth of mass culture, while significant
Questions) changes occurred in internal and international migration patterns.
CUL-4.0: Explain II. Economic pressures, global events, and political developments caused sharp
how different group variations in the numbers, sources, and experiences of both international and
identities, including internal migrants.
racial, ethnic, class,
and regional identities, A) Immigration from Europe
have emerged and reached its peak in the
changed over time. years before World War I.
MIG-1.0: Explain the During and after World War I,
causes of migration to nativist campaigns against
colonial North America some ethnic groups led to
and, later, the United the passage of quotas that
States, and analyze restricted immigration,
immigrations effects particularly from southern
on U.S. society. and eastern Europe, and
increased barriers to
MIG-2.0: Analyze Asian immigration.
causes of internal
migration and patterns B) The increased demand for
of settlement in war production and labor
what would become during World War I and World
the United States, War II and the economic
and explain how difficulties of the 1930s led
migration has affected many Americans to migrate
American life. to urban centers in search
of economic opportunities.
C) In a Great Migration during

and after World War I,
African Americans escaping
segregation, racial violence,
and limited economic
opportunity in the South
moved to the North and
West, where they found
new opportunities but still
encountered discrimination.
D) Migration to the United

States from Mexico and
elsewhere in the Western
Hemisphere increased,
in spite of contradictory
government policies toward
Mexican immigration.

Key Concept 7.2
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Related Thematic Key Concept 7.3: Participation in a series of global conflicts propelled
Learning Objectives
(Focus of Exam
the United States into a position of international power while
Questions) renewing domestic debates over the nations proper role in the world.
NAT-3.0: Analyze how I. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, new U.S. territorial ambitions
ideas about national and acquisitions in the Western Hemisphere and the Pacific accompanied
identity changed heightened public debates over Americas role in the world.
in response to U.S.
involvement in A) Imperialists cited economic
international conflicts opportunities, racial theories,
and the growth of competition with European
the United States. empires, and the perception
WOR-2.0: Analyze in the 1890s that the Western
the reasons for, frontier was closed to
and results of, U.S. argue that Americans were
diplomatic, economic, destined to expand their
and military initiatives culture and institutions to
in NorthAmerica peoples around the globe.
and overseas.
B) Anti-imperialists cited
principles of self-
determination and invoked
both racial theories and the
U.S. foreign policy tradition
of isolationism to argue that
the U.S. should not extend
its territory overseas.
C) The American victory in

the SpanishAmerican War
led to the U.S. acquisition
of island territories in the
Caribbean and the Pacific,
an increase in involvement
in Asia, and the suppression
of a nationalist movement
in the Philippines.

Key Concept 7.3
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Learning Objectives
(Focus of Exam
NAT-1.0: Explain II. World War I and its aftermath intensified ongoing debates about the nations role in
how ideas about the world and how best to achieve national security and pursue American interests.
democracy, freedom,
and individualism A) After initial neutrality in World
found expression War I, the nation entered the
in the development conflict, departing from the
of cultural values, U.S. foreign policy tradition
political institutions, of noninvolvement in
and American identity. European affairs, in response
NAT-3.0: Analyze how to Woodrow Wilsons call for
ideas about national the defense of humanitarian
identity changed and democratic principles.
in response to U.S.
involvement in B) Although the American
international conflicts Expeditionary Forces played
and the growth of a relatively limited role in
the United States. combat, the U.S.s entry helped
to tip the balance of the
WOR-2.0: Analyze the conflict in favor of the Allies.
reasons for, and results
of, U.S. diplomatic, C) Despite Wilsons deep
economic, and military involvement in postwar
initiatives in North negotiations, the U.S.
America and overseas. Senate refused to ratify the
Treaty of Versailles or join
the League of Nations.
D) In the years following World

War I, the United States
pursued a unilateral foreign
policy that used international
investment, peace treaties,
and select military intervention
to promote a vision of
international order, even while
maintaining U.S. isolationism.
E) In the 1930s, while many

Americans were concerned
about the rise of fascism
and totalitarianism, most
opposed taking military action
against the aggression of
Nazi Germany and Japan
until the Japanese attack on
Pearl Harbor drew the United
States into World War II.

Key Concept 7.3
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Learning Objectives
(Focus of Exam
NAT-3.0: Analyze how III. U.S. participation in World War II transformed American society, while the victory of the
ideas about national United States and its allies over the Axis powers vaulted the U.S. into a position of global,
identity changed political, and military leadership.
in response to U.S.
involvement in
A) Americans viewed the war as a
international conflicts
fight for the survival of freedom
and the growth of
and democracy against fascist
the United States.
and militarist ideologies. This
NAT-4.0: Analyze perspective was later reinforced by
relationships among revelations about Japanese wartime
different regional, social, atrocities, Nazi concentration
ethnic, and racial groups, camps, and the Holocaust.
and explain how these
groups experiences B) The mass mobilization of
have related to U.S. American society helped end the
national identity. Great Depression, and the countrys
strong industrial base played a
CUL-3.0: Explain how
pivotal role in winning the war
ideas about womens
by equipping and provisioning
rights and gender
allies and millions of U.S. troops.
roles have affected
society and politics.
C) Mobilization and military service
WOR-2.0: Analyze provided opportunities for women
the reasons for, and minorities to improve their
and results of, U.S. socioeconomic positions for
diplomatic, economic, the wars duration, while also
and military initiatives leading to debates over racial
in NorthAmerica segregation. Wartime experiences
and overseas. also generated challenges to civil
liberties, such as the internment
of Japanese Americans.
D) The United States and its allies

achieved military victory through
Allied cooperation, technological
and scientific advances, the
contributions of servicemen and
women, and campaigns such as
Pacific island-hopping and the
D-Day invasion. The use of atomic
bombs hastened the end of the
war and sparked debates about the
morality of using atomic weapons.
E) The war-ravaged condition of Asia

and Europe, and the dominant
U.S. role in the Allied victory
and postwar peace settlements,
allowed the United States to
emerge from the war as the
most powerful nation on earth.

Key Concept 7.3
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Apush Period 7 Key Concepts

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14911607 16071754 17541800 18001848 18441877 18651898 18901945 19451980 1980PRESENT

Key Concept 7.2: Innovations in communications and technology

Related Thematic Key Concept 7.2: Innovations in communications and technology

C) In a Great Migration during

D) Migration to the United

C) The American victory in

D) In the years following World

E) In the 1930s, while many

D) The United States and its allies

E) The war-ravaged condition of Asia

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