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LUN NG

Nguyn Hin L
Ch dch v gii thiu

nh my: Goldfish
Sa li chnh t: QuocSan
To eBook (18/08/11): QuocSan
www.e-thuvien.com
MC LC:
Vi li tha trc.................................................................................................................................. 11
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN .......................................................................................... 14
NGUN GC ................................................................................................................................... 14
CC BN ......................................................................................................................................... 16
NI DUNG V CCH TRNH BY.................................................................................................... 17
BN DCH CA CHNG TI............................................................................................................ 20
CC BNG PHN LOI ................................................................................................................... 21
DCH V CH THCH ........................................................................................................................... 24
THIN I HC NHI .......................................................................................................................... 24
I.1................................................................................................................................................. 24
I.2................................................................................................................................................. 24
I.3................................................................................................................................................. 25
I.4................................................................................................................................................. 25
I.5................................................................................................................................................. 25
I.6................................................................................................................................................. 25
I.7................................................................................................................................................. 26
I.8................................................................................................................................................. 26
I.9................................................................................................................................................. 26
I.10............................................................................................................................................... 27
I.11............................................................................................................................................... 27
I.12............................................................................................................................................... 27
I.13............................................................................................................................................... 28
I.14............................................................................................................................................... 28
I.15............................................................................................................................................... 28
I.16............................................................................................................................................... 29
THIN II VI CHNH ........................................................................................................................ 29
II.1................................................................................................................................................ 29
II.2................................................................................................................................................ 29
II.3................................................................................................................................................ 30
II.4................................................................................................................................................ 30
II.5................................................................................................................................................ 31
II.6................................................................................................................................................ 31
II.7................................................................................................................................................ 32
II.8................................................................................................................................................ 32
II.9................................................................................................................................................ 33
II.10 .............................................................................................................................................. 33
II.11 .............................................................................................................................................. 33
II.12 .............................................................................................................................................. 33
II.13 .............................................................................................................................................. 33
MC LC
II.14...............................................................................................................................................33
II.15...............................................................................................................................................34
II.16...............................................................................................................................................34
II.17...............................................................................................................................................34
II.18...............................................................................................................................................35
II.19...............................................................................................................................................35
II.20...............................................................................................................................................35
II.21...............................................................................................................................................36
II.22...............................................................................................................................................37
II.23...............................................................................................................................................37
II.24...............................................................................................................................................37
THIN III BT DT.........................................................................................................................37
III.1................................................................................................................................................38
III.2................................................................................................................................................38
III.3................................................................................................................................................38
III.4................................................................................................................................................38
III.5................................................................................................................................................39
III.6................................................................................................................................................39
III.7................................................................................................................................................40
III.8................................................................................................................................................40
III.9................................................................................................................................................40
III.10..............................................................................................................................................41
III.11..............................................................................................................................................41
III.12..............................................................................................................................................41
III.13..............................................................................................................................................42
III.14..............................................................................................................................................42
III.15..............................................................................................................................................42
III.16..............................................................................................................................................43
III.17..............................................................................................................................................43
III.18..............................................................................................................................................43
III.19..............................................................................................................................................43
III.20..............................................................................................................................................43
III.21..............................................................................................................................................44
III.22..............................................................................................................................................44
III.23..............................................................................................................................................45
III.24..............................................................................................................................................45
III.25..............................................................................................................................................46
III.26..............................................................................................................................................46
THIN IV L NHN .........................................................................................................................46
IV.1 ...............................................................................................................................................46
IV.2 ...............................................................................................................................................46
IV.3 ...............................................................................................................................................47
IV.4 ...............................................................................................................................................47
IV.5 ...............................................................................................................................................47
IV.6 ...............................................................................................................................................47
IV.7 ...............................................................................................................................................48
IV.8 ...............................................................................................................................................48
IV.9 ...............................................................................................................................................48
IV.10 .............................................................................................................................................48
IV.11 .............................................................................................................................................48
IV.12 .............................................................................................................................................49
IV.13 .............................................................................................................................................49
IV.14 .............................................................................................................................................49
IV.15 .............................................................................................................................................49
IV.16 .............................................................................................................................................50
IV.17 .............................................................................................................................................50
IV.18 .............................................................................................................................................50
IV.19 .............................................................................................................................................50
IV.20 .............................................................................................................................................50
IV.21 .............................................................................................................................................51
IV.22 .............................................................................................................................................51
IV.23 .............................................................................................................................................51
IV.24 .............................................................................................................................................51
IV.25 .............................................................................................................................................51

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IV.26............................................................................................................................................. 51
THIN V CNG D TRNG .......................................................................................................... 51
V.1 ............................................................................................................................................... 52
V.2 ............................................................................................................................................... 52
V.3 ............................................................................................................................................... 52
V.4 ............................................................................................................................................... 53
V.5 ............................................................................................................................................... 53
V.6 ............................................................................................................................................... 53
V.7 ............................................................................................................................................... 53
V.8 ............................................................................................................................................... 54
V.9 ............................................................................................................................................... 54
V.10.............................................................................................................................................. 55
V.11.............................................................................................................................................. 55
V.12.............................................................................................................................................. 55
V.13.............................................................................................................................................. 56
V.14.............................................................................................................................................. 56
V.15.............................................................................................................................................. 56
V.16.............................................................................................................................................. 56
V.17.............................................................................................................................................. 56
V.18.............................................................................................................................................. 57
V.19.............................................................................................................................................. 58
V.20.............................................................................................................................................. 58
V.21.............................................................................................................................................. 58
V.22.............................................................................................................................................. 58
V.23.............................................................................................................................................. 59
V.24.............................................................................................................................................. 59
V.25.............................................................................................................................................. 59
V.26.............................................................................................................................................. 60
V.27.............................................................................................................................................. 60
THIN VI UNG D......................................................................................................................... 60
VI.1............................................................................................................................................... 60
VI.2............................................................................................................................................... 61
VI.3............................................................................................................................................... 61
VI.4............................................................................................................................................... 62
VI.5............................................................................................................................................... 62
VI.6............................................................................................................................................... 62
VI.7............................................................................................................................................... 63
VI.8............................................................................................................................................... 63
VI.9............................................................................................................................................... 64
VI.10............................................................................................................................................. 64
VI.11............................................................................................................................................. 64
VI.12............................................................................................................................................. 64
VI.13............................................................................................................................................. 65
VI.14............................................................................................................................................. 65
VI.15............................................................................................................................................. 65
VI.16............................................................................................................................................. 65
VI.17............................................................................................................................................. 65
VI.18............................................................................................................................................. 66
VI.19............................................................................................................................................. 66
VI.20............................................................................................................................................. 66
VI.21............................................................................................................................................. 66
VI.22............................................................................................................................................. 66
VI.23............................................................................................................................................. 67
VI.24............................................................................................................................................. 67
VI.25............................................................................................................................................. 67
VI.26............................................................................................................................................. 68
VI.27............................................................................................................................................. 68
VI.28............................................................................................................................................. 68
THIN VII THUT NHI ................................................................................................................... 68
VII.1.............................................................................................................................................. 68
VII.2.............................................................................................................................................. 69
VII.3.............................................................................................................................................. 69
VII.4.............................................................................................................................................. 69
VII.5.............................................................................................................................................. 69

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VII.6 ..............................................................................................................................................69
VII.7 ..............................................................................................................................................70
VII.8 ..............................................................................................................................................70
VII.9 ..............................................................................................................................................70
VII.10 ............................................................................................................................................70
VII.11 ............................................................................................................................................71
VII.12 ............................................................................................................................................71
VII.13 ............................................................................................................................................71
VII.14 ............................................................................................................................................71
VII.15 ............................................................................................................................................72
VII.16 ............................................................................................................................................72
VII.17 ............................................................................................................................................72
VII.18 ............................................................................................................................................73
VII.19 ............................................................................................................................................73
VII.20 ............................................................................................................................................73
VII.21 ............................................................................................................................................73
VII.22 ............................................................................................................................................73
VII.23 ............................................................................................................................................74
VII.24 ............................................................................................................................................74
VII.25 ............................................................................................................................................74
VII.26 ............................................................................................................................................74
VII.27 ............................................................................................................................................75
VII.28 ............................................................................................................................................75
VII.29 ............................................................................................................................................75
VII.30 ............................................................................................................................................75
VII.31 ............................................................................................................................................76
VII.32 ............................................................................................................................................76
VII.33 ............................................................................................................................................76
VII.34 ............................................................................................................................................76
VII.35 ............................................................................................................................................77
VII.36 ............................................................................................................................................77
VII.37 ............................................................................................................................................77
THIN VIII THI B........................................................................................................................77
VIII.1 .............................................................................................................................................77
VIII.2 .............................................................................................................................................77
VIII.3 .............................................................................................................................................78
VIII.4 .............................................................................................................................................78
VIII.5 .............................................................................................................................................78
VIII.6 .............................................................................................................................................79
VIII.7 .............................................................................................................................................79
VIII.8 .............................................................................................................................................79
VIII.9 .............................................................................................................................................79
VIII.10 ...........................................................................................................................................79
VIII.11 ...........................................................................................................................................80
VIII.12 ...........................................................................................................................................80
VIII.13 ...........................................................................................................................................80
VIII.14 ...........................................................................................................................................80
VIII.15 ...........................................................................................................................................80
VIII.16 ...........................................................................................................................................80
VIII.17 ...........................................................................................................................................81
VIII.18 ...........................................................................................................................................81
VIII.19 ...........................................................................................................................................81
VIII.20 ...........................................................................................................................................81
VIII.21 ...........................................................................................................................................82
THIN IX T HN..........................................................................................................................82
IX.1 ...............................................................................................................................................82
IX.2 ...............................................................................................................................................83
IX.3 ...............................................................................................................................................84
IX.4 ...............................................................................................................................................84
IX.5 ...............................................................................................................................................84
IX.6 ...............................................................................................................................................84
IX.7 ...............................................................................................................................................85
IX.8 ...............................................................................................................................................85
IX.9 ...............................................................................................................................................85

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IX.10............................................................................................................................................. 86
IX.11............................................................................................................................................. 86
IX.12............................................................................................................................................. 86
IX.13............................................................................................................................................. 87
IX.14............................................................................................................................................. 87
IX.15............................................................................................................................................. 87
IX.16............................................................................................................................................. 87
IX.17............................................................................................................................................. 87
IX.18............................................................................................................................................. 88
IX.19............................................................................................................................................. 88
IX.20............................................................................................................................................. 88
IX.21............................................................................................................................................. 88
IX.22............................................................................................................................................. 88
IX.23............................................................................................................................................. 89
IX.24............................................................................................................................................. 89
IX.25............................................................................................................................................. 89
IX.26............................................................................................................................................. 89
IX.27............................................................................................................................................. 90
IX.28............................................................................................................................................. 90
IX.29............................................................................................................................................. 90
IX.30............................................................................................................................................. 90
THIN X HNG NG............................................................................................................... 90
X.1 ............................................................................................................................................... 90
X.2 ............................................................................................................................................... 91
X.3 ............................................................................................................................................... 91
X.4 ............................................................................................................................................... 91
X.5 ............................................................................................................................................... 92
X.6 ............................................................................................................................................... 92
X.7 ............................................................................................................................................... 93
X.8 ............................................................................................................................................... 93
X.9 ............................................................................................................................................... 93
X.10.............................................................................................................................................. 93
X.11.............................................................................................................................................. 94
X.12.............................................................................................................................................. 94
X.13.............................................................................................................................................. 94
X.14.............................................................................................................................................. 95
X.15.............................................................................................................................................. 95
X.16.............................................................................................................................................. 95
X.17.............................................................................................................................................. 95
X.18.............................................................................................................................................. 96
THIN XI TIN TIN...................................................................................................................... 96
XI.1............................................................................................................................................... 96
XI.2............................................................................................................................................... 97
XI.3............................................................................................................................................... 97
XI.4............................................................................................................................................... 97
XI.5............................................................................................................................................... 97
XI.6............................................................................................................................................... 98
XI.7............................................................................................................................................... 98
XI.8............................................................................................................................................... 98
XI.9............................................................................................................................................... 98
XI.10............................................................................................................................................. 99
XI.11............................................................................................................................................. 99
XI.12............................................................................................................................................. 99
XI.13............................................................................................................................................100
XI.14............................................................................................................................................100
XI.15............................................................................................................................................100
XI.16............................................................................................................................................100
XI.17............................................................................................................................................100
XI.18............................................................................................................................................101
XI.19............................................................................................................................................101
XI.20............................................................................................................................................101
XI.21............................................................................................................................................101
XI.22............................................................................................................................................102
XI.23............................................................................................................................................102

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XI.24 ...........................................................................................................................................102
XI.25 ...........................................................................................................................................103
THIN XII NHAN UYN................................................................................................................105
XII.1 ............................................................................................................................................105
XII.2 ............................................................................................................................................105
XII.3 ............................................................................................................................................106
XII.4 ............................................................................................................................................106
XII.5 ............................................................................................................................................106
XII.6 ............................................................................................................................................107
XII.7 ............................................................................................................................................107
XII.8 ............................................................................................................................................107
XII.9 ............................................................................................................................................108
XII.10 ..........................................................................................................................................108
XII.11 ..........................................................................................................................................108
XII.12 ..........................................................................................................................................109
XII.13 ..........................................................................................................................................109
XII.14 ..........................................................................................................................................109
XII.15 ..........................................................................................................................................109
XII.16 ..........................................................................................................................................109
XII.17 ..........................................................................................................................................110
XII.18 ..........................................................................................................................................110
XII.19 ..........................................................................................................................................110
XII.20 ..........................................................................................................................................110
XII.21 ..........................................................................................................................................111
XII.22 ..........................................................................................................................................111
XII.23 ..........................................................................................................................................112
XII.24 ..........................................................................................................................................112
THIN XIII T L ........................................................................................................................112
XIII.1 ...........................................................................................................................................112
XIII.2 ...........................................................................................................................................112
XIII.3 ...........................................................................................................................................113
XIII.4 ...........................................................................................................................................113
XIII.5 ...........................................................................................................................................114
XIII.6 ...........................................................................................................................................114
XIII.7 ...........................................................................................................................................114
XIII.8 ...........................................................................................................................................114
XIII.9 ...........................................................................................................................................115
XIII.10 .........................................................................................................................................115
XIII.11 .........................................................................................................................................115
XIII.12 .........................................................................................................................................115
XIII.13 .........................................................................................................................................115
XIII.14 .........................................................................................................................................116
XIII.15 .........................................................................................................................................116
XIII.16 .........................................................................................................................................117
XIII.17 .........................................................................................................................................117
XIII.18 .........................................................................................................................................117
XIII.19 .........................................................................................................................................117
XIII.20 .........................................................................................................................................118
XIII.21 .........................................................................................................................................118
XIII.22 .........................................................................................................................................118
XIII.23 .........................................................................................................................................119
XIII.24 .........................................................................................................................................119
XIII.25 .........................................................................................................................................120
XIII.26 .........................................................................................................................................120
XIII.27 .........................................................................................................................................120
XIII.28 .........................................................................................................................................120
XIII.29 .........................................................................................................................................121
XIII.30 .........................................................................................................................................121
THIN XIV HIN VN ..................................................................................................................121
XIV.1 ...........................................................................................................................................121
XIV.2 ...........................................................................................................................................121
XIV.3 ...........................................................................................................................................122
XIV.4 ...........................................................................................................................................122
XIV.5 ...........................................................................................................................................122

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XIV.6 ...........................................................................................................................................123
XIV.7 ...........................................................................................................................................123
XIV.8 ...........................................................................................................................................123
XIV.9 ...........................................................................................................................................123
XIV.10 .........................................................................................................................................123
XIV.11 .........................................................................................................................................124
XIV.12 .........................................................................................................................................124
XIV.13 .........................................................................................................................................124
XIV.14 .........................................................................................................................................125
XIV.15 .........................................................................................................................................125
XIV.16 .........................................................................................................................................125
XIV.17 .........................................................................................................................................126
XIV.18 .........................................................................................................................................126
XIV.19 .........................................................................................................................................126
XIV.20 .........................................................................................................................................127
XIV.21 .........................................................................................................................................127
XIV.22 .........................................................................................................................................127
XIV.23 .........................................................................................................................................127
XIV.24 .........................................................................................................................................127
XIV.25 .........................................................................................................................................128
XIV.26 .........................................................................................................................................128
XIV.27 .........................................................................................................................................128
XIV.28 .........................................................................................................................................128
XIV.29 .........................................................................................................................................128
XIV.30 .........................................................................................................................................128
XIV.31 .........................................................................................................................................129
XIV.32 .........................................................................................................................................129
XIV.33 .........................................................................................................................................129
XIV.34 .........................................................................................................................................129
XIV.35 .........................................................................................................................................129
XIV.36 .........................................................................................................................................130
XIV.37 .........................................................................................................................................130
XIV.38 .........................................................................................................................................130
XIV.39 .........................................................................................................................................131
XIV.40 .........................................................................................................................................131
XIV.41 .........................................................................................................................................131
XIV.42 .........................................................................................................................................132
XIV.43 .........................................................................................................................................132
XIV.44 .........................................................................................................................................132
XIV.45 .........................................................................................................................................132
THIN XV V LINH CNG ...........................................................................................................133
XV.1 ............................................................................................................................................133
XV.2 ............................................................................................................................................133
XV.3 ............................................................................................................................................133
XV.4 ............................................................................................................................................133
XV.5 ............................................................................................................................................134
XV.6 ............................................................................................................................................134
XV.7 ............................................................................................................................................134
XV.8 ............................................................................................................................................134
XV.9 ............................................................................................................................................135
XV.10 ..........................................................................................................................................135
XV.11 ..........................................................................................................................................135
XV.12 ..........................................................................................................................................135
XV.13 ..........................................................................................................................................136
XV.14 ..........................................................................................................................................136
XV.15 ..........................................................................................................................................136
XV.16 ..........................................................................................................................................136
XV.17 ..........................................................................................................................................136
XV.18 ..........................................................................................................................................137
XV.19 ..........................................................................................................................................137
XV.20 ..........................................................................................................................................137
XV.21 ..........................................................................................................................................137
XV.22 ..........................................................................................................................................137
XV.23 ..........................................................................................................................................137

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XV.24 ..........................................................................................................................................138
XV.25 ..........................................................................................................................................138
XV.26 ..........................................................................................................................................138
XV.27 ..........................................................................................................................................138
XV.28 ..........................................................................................................................................138
XV.29 ..........................................................................................................................................139
XV.30 ..........................................................................................................................................139
XV.31 ..........................................................................................................................................139
XV.32 ..........................................................................................................................................139
XV.33 ..........................................................................................................................................139
XV.34 ..........................................................................................................................................140
XV.35 ..........................................................................................................................................140
XV.36 ..........................................................................................................................................140
XV.37 ..........................................................................................................................................140
XV.38 ..........................................................................................................................................140
XV.39 ..........................................................................................................................................141
XV.40 ..........................................................................................................................................141
XV.41 ..........................................................................................................................................141
THIN XVI QU TH ......................................................................................................................141
XVI.1 ...........................................................................................................................................141
XVI.2 ...........................................................................................................................................143
XVI.3 ...........................................................................................................................................143
XVI.4 ...........................................................................................................................................144
XVI.5 ...........................................................................................................................................144
XVI.6 ...........................................................................................................................................144
XVI.7 ...........................................................................................................................................144
XVI.8 ...........................................................................................................................................145
XVI.9 ...........................................................................................................................................145
XVI.10 .........................................................................................................................................145
XVI.11 .........................................................................................................................................145
XVI.12 .........................................................................................................................................146
XVI.13 .........................................................................................................................................146
XVI.14 .........................................................................................................................................146
THIN XVII DNG HO............................................................................................................147
XVII.1 ..........................................................................................................................................147
XVII.2 ..........................................................................................................................................147
XVII.3 ..........................................................................................................................................148
XVII.4 ..........................................................................................................................................148
XVII.5 ..........................................................................................................................................148
XVII.6 ..........................................................................................................................................149
XVII.7 ..........................................................................................................................................149
XVII.8 ..........................................................................................................................................150
XVII.9 ..........................................................................................................................................150
XVII.10 ........................................................................................................................................150
XVII.11 ........................................................................................................................................151
XVII.12 ........................................................................................................................................151
XVII.13 ........................................................................................................................................151
XVII.14 ........................................................................................................................................151
XVII.15 ........................................................................................................................................151
XVII.16 ........................................................................................................................................152
XVII.17 ........................................................................................................................................152
XVII.18 ........................................................................................................................................152
XVII.19 ........................................................................................................................................152
XVII.20 ........................................................................................................................................152
XVII.21 ........................................................................................................................................153
XVII.22 ........................................................................................................................................153
XVII.23 ........................................................................................................................................154
XVII.24 ........................................................................................................................................154
XVII.25 ........................................................................................................................................154
XVII.26 ........................................................................................................................................154
THIN XVIII VI T........................................................................................................................154
XVIII.1 .........................................................................................................................................155
XVIII.2 .........................................................................................................................................155
XVIII.3 .........................................................................................................................................155

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XVIII.4 .........................................................................................................................................156
XVIII.5 .........................................................................................................................................156
XVIII.6 .........................................................................................................................................156
XVIII.7 .........................................................................................................................................157
XVIII.8 .........................................................................................................................................158
XVIII.9 .........................................................................................................................................158
XVIII.10 .......................................................................................................................................159
XVIII.11 .......................................................................................................................................159
THIN XIX T TRNG .............................................................................................................159
XIX.1 ...........................................................................................................................................159
XIX.2 ...........................................................................................................................................160
XIX.3 ...........................................................................................................................................160
XIX.4 ...........................................................................................................................................160
XIX.5 ...........................................................................................................................................160
XIX.6 ...........................................................................................................................................161
XIX.7 ...........................................................................................................................................161
XIX.8 ...........................................................................................................................................161
XIX.9 ...........................................................................................................................................161
XIX.10 .........................................................................................................................................161
XIX.11 .........................................................................................................................................161
XIX.12 .........................................................................................................................................162
XIX.13 .........................................................................................................................................162
XIX.14 .........................................................................................................................................162
XIX.15 .........................................................................................................................................163
XIX.16 .........................................................................................................................................163
XIX.17 .........................................................................................................................................163
XIX.18 .........................................................................................................................................163
XIX.19 .........................................................................................................................................163
XIX.20 .........................................................................................................................................164
XIX.21 .........................................................................................................................................164
XIX.22 .........................................................................................................................................164
XIX.23 .........................................................................................................................................164
XIX.24 .........................................................................................................................................165
XIX.25 .........................................................................................................................................165
THIN XX NGHIU VIT..............................................................................................................165
XX.1 ............................................................................................................................................165
XX.2 ............................................................................................................................................167
XX.3 ............................................................................................................................................168
PH LC.............................................................................................................................................169
KHNG T .....................................................................................................................................169
I SNG ..................................................................................................................................169
LI SNG...................................................................................................................................170
NHN CCH, TNH TNH ............................................................................................................170
DY HC ....................................................................................................................................170
CCH DY..................................................................................................................................170
KHNG T T XT MNH .........................................................................................................171
KHNG T XT NGI XA V NGI NG THI.........................................................171
NGI NG THI XT KHNG T ....................................................................................172
MN SINH KHNG T...............................................................................................................172
HC V TU DNG ..................................................................................................................174
CC C ...................................................................................................................................175
X TH.......................................................................................................................................177
CC HNG NGI ....................................................................................................................178
CHNH TR ..................................................................................................................................179
TN NGI TN T TN TRIU I ....................................................................................180
A. ................................................................................................................................................180
B. ................................................................................................................................................180
C. ................................................................................................................................................180
CH...............................................................................................................................................181
D. ................................................................................................................................................181
. ................................................................................................................................................181
G. ................................................................................................................................................181
H. ................................................................................................................................................181
K. ................................................................................................................................................182

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L..................................................................................................................................................182
M.................................................................................................................................................182
N. ................................................................................................................................................182
NG. .............................................................................................................................................182
PH...............................................................................................................................................183
Q. ................................................................................................................................................183
S. ................................................................................................................................................183
T. ................................................................................................................................................183
TH. ..............................................................................................................................................184
TR. ..............................................................................................................................................184
V. ................................................................................................................................................185
Y. ................................................................................................................................................185
NHNG CU THNG DN .........................................................................................................185
I...................................................................................................................................................185
II..................................................................................................................................................185
III.................................................................................................................................................186
IV. ...............................................................................................................................................186
V. ................................................................................................................................................186
VI. ...............................................................................................................................................186
VII. ..............................................................................................................................................186
VIII. .............................................................................................................................................187
IX. ...............................................................................................................................................187
XI. ...............................................................................................................................................187
XII. ..............................................................................................................................................187
XIII. .............................................................................................................................................188
XIV. .............................................................................................................................................188
XV. ..............................................................................................................................................188
XVI. .............................................................................................................................................188
XVII. ............................................................................................................................................189
XVIII. ...........................................................................................................................................189
XIX. .............................................................................................................................................189
XX. ..............................................................................................................................................189
LUN NG .....................................................................................................................................189
DCH NGHA ...............................................................................................................................193

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Vi li tha trc

Vi li tha trc
Trong bi Li ni u cun Khng t, c Nguyn Hin L cho bit i
iu v vic dch li b Lun ng nh sau:
Ti b ra hn hai thng c li nhng sch v Khng t m ti
c hoc mn c (nh ca L Chn V: Lch s t tng chnh
tr Trung Quc; Hu ngoi L: T tng c i Trung Quc; Quan
Phong v Lm Dut Thi: Bn v Khng T u do ngoi Bc
dch); c li cc bn dch v ch gii Lun ng ca mnh, v ca
Trung Hoa (nh Lun ng c bn ca Thm Tri Phng v Tng
B Tim, Lun ng dch ch ca Triu Thng; li b ra hn hai
thng na dch li b Lun ng, va dch va phn loi theo
ti lp bng tra tn ngi, tn t.
Trong cun Lun ng ny, c Nguyn Hin L c ni r l bi XVI.1
c dch li: trong ch thch bi , c vit: Bi ny chng ti dch
trong cun Nh gio h Khng (Co Thm, 1972), nay dch li.
Ngoi bi XVI.1 dn trong cun Nh gio h Khng c c dch
li, cn nhiu bi khc na c c dn trong mt s tc phm khc
cng c c dch li mc du trong cun Lun ng ny c khng nu
ra, v d nh (mi tc phm ti ch chn mt bi):
- Bi II.2: Trong b i cng vn hc s Trung Quc, cu Thi tam
bch, nht ngn d t chi, vit: T v t, c Nguyn Hin L dch l:
C 300 thin trong Kinh Thi, ch mt cu c th trm c, l: khng
ngh by. Trong cun Lun ng, c dch li, c bit l ba ch t v
t, nh sau: Kinh Thi c ba trm thin, mt li bao qut tt c, l t
tng thun chnh.
- Bi VI.8: Trong b Mc hc, cu V chi, mnh h ph? T nhn d
nhi hu t tt d!, c dch l: Con [tc B Ngu] sp mt. S mnh
thi. Ngi nh vy m bnh nh vy!; Trong cun Lun ng, c hiu
ch v theo mt ngha khc, v c cu c li thnh: V l! Do
mnh tri chng? Con ngi nh vy m b bnh !
- Bi VIII.3: Trong b Trang t Nam hoa kinh, cu Nhi kim nhi
hu, ng tri min ph, tiu t (li ca Tng t), c dch l: T y v
sau ta mi bit chc rng ta gi c (thn ta) khi cc iu h hng,
tn tt cc tr. Trong cun Lun ng, c dch li l: T nay v sau,
ta mi bit thot khi hnh lc, cc tr (c hiu hai ch min
ph theo mt ngha khc).

Trang 11/195
Vi li tha trc
- Bi XVIII.6: Trong b i cng trit hc Trung Quc, cu Thao
thao gi thin h giai th d, nhi thu d dch chi, hai c Gin Chi v
Nguyn Hin L dch l: a a nh nc chy mt chiu, thin h u
th c, ai m theo mnh sa i vic lon ra tr. Trong cun Lun
ng, c Nguyn Hin L dch li (c bit l hai ch thao thao):
Khp thin h u u cng l dng nc (c) cun cun, ng Khng
Khu s cng vi ai m sa thin h?
L do khc bit trong hai ln dch bi VI.8 l do ch trong nguyn
vn. Trong b Mc hc, c Nguyn Hin L c ch l vong v
dch theo ngha ca ch l cht mt; cn trong cun Lun ng c
c l v v dch theo ngha ca ch v l khng1. Cng c
trng hp c khc nhng ngha cng vy nh ch trong bi
XI.25, trong cun C vn Trung Quc, c c l sn (Thiu Chu
cng c l sn); cn trong cun Lun ng, c c l thn, nhng
ngha cng vn l mm ci. Nhn vt Nh Bi trong bi XVII.20 cun
Lun ng, ch Hn l , trong cun Nh gio h Khng (bi Dng
Ho 19) gi l Nh Bi.
Cng trong cun C vn Trung Quc, c Nguyn Hin L t ng
rng thin Hng ng (thin X) l do ngi sau chp thm; c bo:
() hnh nh cng c vi ch do ngi i sau vit thm, chng hn
nh thin Hng ng. Nhng trong cun Lun ng ny v trong cun
Khng t na, chng ta khng thy c nhc li nghi ng na.
*
Cun Lun ng m ti chp li y l theo ebook do mt bn tr,
bn PNT, gi tng. Ebook , v sau gi l ebook ngun, khng ghi
tn nh xut bn v nm xut bn. Theo nh ba ng trn trang
http://www.sachbaovn.vn/sach/khoa-hoc-xa-hoi-MTg/luan-ngu-
MTkwQw th nh xut bn l nh Vn hc (ti tm dng nh , sa li
i cht lm nh ba cho ebook mi ny).
Trong ebook ngun cng khng chp ch Hn, cc ch Hn trong
ebook mi ny l do ti ghi thm da theo cc bn Lun ng ang lu
hnh trn mng, c bit l bn Khng t Lun ng do Nguyn Thin
Th ch dch hin ang ph bin trn website Sn Trung Th Trang2.

1
Trong bi III. 5, bi VI.12 ch vong cng c c v hiu l v. Tng
t, trong bi I.1, V.5 ch thuyt c l duyt ; bi II.17, III.6 ch
n c l nh ; bi III.15, III.23 ch i c l thi .
2
Bt u t trang http://sontrung.blogspot.com/2011/02/luan-ngu.html.

Trang 12/195
Vi li tha trc
Bn ca Nguyn Thin Th v bn ca c Nguyn Hin L c vi ch
khng ging nhau. Sau y l vi v d v ch Hn khc nhau:
- Trong bi I.6, Nguyn Thin Th chp l: phm i
chng nhi thn nhn v dch l: Thng mi ngi, m gn gi ngi
nhn c; tng ng vi ch phm , c Nguyn Hin L chp l
phim [] v dch l: yu khp mi ngi m gn gi ngi nhn
c.
- Trong bi IX.3, Nguyn Thin Th chp l: tuy vin chng
v dch l: tri vi i chng; c Nguyn Hin L chp l: tuy
vi chng v dch l: tuy tri vi s ng.
- Trong bi II.16, Nguyn Thin Th chp l:
Cng h d oan t hi d k v dch l Nghin cu vic hoang
ng th c hi cho mnh; ch cui, c Nguyn Hin L chp l d
[] v dch l: Chuyn tm nghin cu nhng cc oan th c hi.
Ngoi vic ghi thm ch Hn v cc ch thch, trong phn Ph lc ti
cn chp trn tit Lun ng trong cun C vn Trung Quc3. Trong tit
c Nguyn Hin L gii thiu tc phm Lun ng v ba bi: I.1,
VII.14 v XI.25.
Chng ti xin chn thnh cm n bn PNT v xin trn trng gii thiu
cng cc bn.
Goldfish
Thng 7 nm 2011

3
Cc bn c th xem bi Ta ca cun C vn Trung Quc ny trong ebook 8 bi
ta c (ti ti trang http://www.e-
thuvien.com/forums/showthread.php?t=43474).

Trang 13/195
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN

GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN


B Lun ng ng u trong T th. Ti ngh nu b ra bn nm chc
bi chp ngn hnh ca cc mn sinh nh Tng T, T H, Hu Nhc,
T Du, T Trng m trong tp Khng t (thin IV) ti gii thiu s
lc, ch gi li ht nhng bi chp ngn hnh ca Khng t khong
500 bi, ton b gm khong nm trm ri bi th Lun ng ng gi
l Kinh. Tt c cc hc gi t xa ti nay u coi n l kinh ca
Khng gio, cng nh o c kinh l kinh ca Lo gio. N cn chp
trung thc t tng ca Khng t, ng tin hn o c kinh na, v b
ny gm nhiu bi do ngi sau thm vo, (coi b Lo t chng ti son
m cha xut bn c)4. Do , mun tm hiu hc thuyt ca Khng
t th phi cn c trc ht vo Lun ng, v chn phn mi Kinh Th,
Kinh L, Trung dung, Mnh t, t tng khng cn ng ca Khng t
(mc du cng c im ging); i hc c h thng qu (c nh cn ng
khng phi ca Tng t vit); Trung dung c mt phn siu hnh m
Khng t trnh siu hnh; cn Mnh t phng i phn duy tm ca
Khng t.
V nhng l , trong cun Nh gio h Khng v cun Khng t5
chng ti rng ch dng Lun ng trnh by t tng ca Khng.
NGUN GC
Lun ng c bi do mn sinh ca Khng t chp, nh bi XIV.1:
Hin6 vn s. T vit: Bang hu o, cc; bang v o, cc, s d7.
Nguyn Hin t xng tn nh vy, th chnh l ng ta chp.
C trng hp nh trong khi hc, mn sinh nghe ging iu g th
chp ngay li cho khi qun, nh T Trng trong bi XV.5, chp li
ca Khng t vo dy ai, ri sau truyn li cho mn sinh.
C nhiu bi do hng mn sinh ti truyn (tc mn sinh ca mn sinh)
chp, nh thin I, bi 2 bt u bng: Hu t vit, bi 4 bt u bng
Tng t vit v.v u l hc tr ca Hu Nhc, v ca Tng Sm
chp, v theo l trong Lun ng, tr Khng t, m bt k mn sinh no
d trc truyn hay ti truyn, cng gi l t hoc phu t (hoc

4
NXB Vn Ho in nm 1994. (BT).
5
NXB Vn Ho in nm 1993 (in ln th t). (BT).
6
Hin (Ebook ngun chp sai thnh Hiu): mt mn sinh ca Khng t, h
Nguyn (), tn Hin (), t l T T (). (Goldfish).
7
Nguyn vn: . (Goldfish).

Trang 14/195
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN
Khng t nh cc bi XV.12-11); cn cc mn sinh ca Khng t th c
ba trng hp nh sau:
Ti ly v d. A v B u hc Khng t, h l ng mn vi nhau. B
dy hc c mt hc tr tn C.
Trng hp th nht: A hay B khi chp hay ni v mnh, th xng tn
tc, chng hn oan Mc T8 t xng l T, Nhan Hi t xng l Hi.
Trng hp th hai: B ni v A (ni v bn), hoc C ni v A (tc ni
v bn ca thy mnh) th c th gi A:
- bng tn t (nh T Cng l tn t ca oan Mc T, T Uyn l
tn t ca Nhan Hi).
- hoc bng c h v tn tc (nh oan Mc T, Nhan Hi).
- hoc bng tn h v tn t (nh Nhan Uyn Nhan l h, Uyn l
t).
A ni v B cng theo nhng cch gi tn .
Trng hp ba: C ni v B, tc ni v thy hc ca mnh, th gi l
t, t t sau h ca thy mnh (hc tr ca Hu Nhc gi Hu
Nhc l Hu t, hc tr ca Tng Sm gi Tng Sm l Tng t, ch
khng gi l Tng Sm, hoc T D tn t ca Tng Sm). Vy nhng
bi bt u bng Hu t vit hoc Tng t vit, u l ca hng mn
sinh ti truyn li.
C th rng sau khi Khng t mt, cc mn sinh thu thp li dy ca
thy, truyn cho nhau, mt s ngi chp li dng dy hc, khi cht,
th hc tr ca h li c li ca Khng t ln li ca h.
Ngi cui cng chp li l ai? Theo Liu Tn Nguyn i ng th
c l l mt hc tr ca Tng Sm.
C thuyt bo rng Tng Sm km Khng t 46 tui, sinh vo khong
505, cht nm 428. C sch li ni Tng Sm cht nm L Nguyn cng
nguyn nin, tc Chu Kho vng ng nin: 4369. Sai nhau tm nm, l
t y. Vy Lun ng khng th xut hin trc 436 c.
C th cn sau kh lu na, v thin VIII chp Tng Sm trc khi
mt c khuyn Mnh Knh t v cch c x ca ngi cm quyn

8
oan Mc T (): ch T ny v hai ch T tip theo, ebook ngun
u chp l t. V sau, nhng ch in sai, nu bit, ti cng sa li, nhng
khi rm, ti ch ghi ch thch nu thy cn. (Goldfish).
9
ni nm 436 trc Ty lch. (Goldfish).

Trang 15/195
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN
(VIII.4). Mnh Knh t tn l Trng. Knh t l tn thu, cht sau Tng
Sm; m bi ghi tn thu tn t cho ngi cht, theo hnh vi hi
sinh tin tc l chp sau khi Mnh Knh t cht.
Bi do mt mn sinh ca Tng Sm chp, cho nn gi Tng Sm l
Tng t, m trong Lun ng, s bi chp ngn hnh ca Tng Sm nhiu
hn s bi v cc mn sinh khc ca Khng t. Cho nn thuyt ca Liu
Tn Nguyn tin c.
V chng ta c th tm kt lun rng b Lun ng do nhiu ngi ghi
v xut hin sm cng vo khong by tm chc nm sau Khng t mt.
CC BN
Lun ng c ph bin t thi Tin Tn.
Tn Thu Hong thng nht Trung Quc ri, ra lnh t sch, chn
nho, nhng thi giao thng cn km, s kim sot khng th cht
ch lm, m Tn gi ngi khng c lu, nn lnh ch thi hnh trit
nhng ni gn kinh v chung quanh cc th trn, cn trong dn gian
cc min xa xi, vn cn ngi ln lc gi c, c k hc thuc lng
c Lun ng v lc kinh.
Nh Hn dit Tn ri, b lnh i th ngi ta thu thp c ba bn
Lun ng: Bn L Lun ca ngi nc L; bn T Lun ca ngi
nc T (hai bn ny c chp bng th ch c Tn sa i v
thng nht, gi l kim vn tc kim t); v bn C Lun (chp bng c
vn, tc c t, th ch dng thi trc). Bn C Lun ny do L Cung
cng (cui i Hn V ) sai ph nh Khng t m tm c trong
tng, cng vi cc b Thng Th, L K, Hiu Kinh.
L Lun c 20 thin, T Lun cng c 20 thin , thm hai thin
na: Vn vng v Tri o, nh vy l 22 thin c thy. C Lun cng
ch c 20 thin nh L Lun, nhng thin cui: Nghiu vn chia lm
hai t cu: T Trng vn Khng t: H nh t kh d tng chnh h
tr i (tc bi XX.2 trong bn dch ca chng ti, gi l Tng thin. Vy
l C Lun chi lm 21 thin, hai thin cui rt ngn.
Theo H n i Ngu, trong s 20 thin L v T u c th chng
c trong T Lun nhiu hn trong L Lun; m th t cc thin trong C
Lun cng khc trong T v L Lun.
u i Hn, hai bn L v T u c truyn (ng thy no mun
dng bn no th dng); bn C Lun khng c truyn, khng hiu ti
sao.

Trang 16/195
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN
T i Hn Thnh (327 trc Cng nguyn), hai bn T v L
c hp nht; ri cui i ng Hn, Trnh Huyn b hai thin Vn
vng v Tri o trong T Lun i, hp nht c ba bn.
H n i Ngu c l l ngi u tin gii thch Lun ng, bn Lun
ng tp gii ca ng cn truyn n ngy nay. i Tng, Chu Hi cng
ch thch v bn Lun ng tp ch ca ng khng khc bn ca H n
bao nhiu. Hai bn l chnh, cn nhiu bn khc na. nc ta t
xa ch dng bn ca Chu Hi v cc nh dch Lun ng trong gi na
th k nay cng ch theo ch thch ca Chu Hi.
NI DUNG V CCH TRNH BY
c cc c th i Tin Tn, nh Mc t, o c kinh, Trang t
chng ta gp rt nhiu ch rt ti ngha v chp lm, thiu st v nhiu
ch do ngi sau ngu tc, thm vo.
Lun ng khng trnh khi tnh trng .
C mt hai ch thot lu, nh bi X.18, khng ai hiu ngha ra sao,
mi ngi on mt khc, v ngi ta ng rng mt mt vi cu u
hoc cui.
Bi XVIII.11 k cc, chp tm k s i Chu chng c ting tm g m
c v bn cp sinh i ca mt hay nhiu gia nh no , lm g
vy? chng hc gi no ging ni.
C t cu ngi ta ng t ln ch, ng l bi khc, nh:
- cui bi XII.10 c 2 cu: Thnh bt d ph, dic chi d d trong
Kinh Thi10, dn lm vo nn cc sch u b;
- cui bi XVI.12 c cu: K t chi v d?11 cng u t lm vo,
hoc thiu mt vi ch g trn cu , nn khng ai hiu ni.
Hai bi XVII.5 v 7, T L can Khng t ng nhn li mi ca
Cng Sn Pht Nhiu v ca Bt Ht, b Lng Khi Siu trong C th
chn ngu cp k nin i ng l khng ng, nhng Lng cha a
c c xc ng.
C bn nm bi trng xut, nh:
- IX.24 I.8,
- XV.23 XII.212,
10
Th Tiu nh, thin Ng hnh k d. (Goldfish).
11
Nguyn vn: . Ch d, ebook ngun chp sai thnh du.
(Goldfish).

Trang 17/195
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN
- XIV.26 VIII.14,
- XVII.17 I.3.
Li khng ng k.
Nm thin cui (XVI-XX) c nhiu iu kh nghi:
- Thng l th Lun ng gi Khng t l T m thin XVI li gi l
Khng t, v 4 bi 22, 23, 24, 25 thin XIX li gi l Trng Ni.
- Vic chp trong bi XVI.1 khng chc ng v theo Tin Mc,
Nhim Hu v Qu L khng h ng thi gip vic cho Qu th; hai
vic trong bi XVII.5 v 7, Lng Khi Siu cng khng tin.
- Thin XVII ton chp dt s ca ngi trc v ngi ng thi
vi Khng t, khng lin quan g n thy tr h Khng.
- Thin XIX ton chp li bn v o ca mn Khng t: T
Trng, T H, T Du, Tng t, khng c mt li no ca Khng t.
Do nhng l k trn, mt s hc gi cho rng nm thin cui c
thm vo sau v khng ng tin nh nhng thin trn.
iu bt tin cho chng ta nht l mn sinh ghi chp vn tt li ca
Khng t, khng cho bit nhng li ni vo lc no, trong hon cnh
no, thnh th, c nhiu bi chng ta khng bit chc c t tng,
hnh vi ca Khng t ra sao.
Th d bi II.6, Mnh V B hi v o hiu, Khng t p: Ph mu
duy k tt chi u13.
Li rt d dng nh vy c ba cch hiu:
1. Cha m ch lo cho con bnh tt. (Khng t mun khuyn Mnh V
B nn gi gn sc kho cho cha m khi lo).
2. Ngi con c hiu th thn trng mi vic, khng lm g cho cha
m phi lo, duy c bnh tt l khng d phng c. Cch hiu ny cng
ging nh cch hiu trn: lm con phi chm sc sc kho ca mnh; ch
hiu nh cch trn th l li trch mt ngi chi bi qu , hiu theo
cch di th khng c trch, m nhn rng Mnh V B rt ng n.
3. Cch hiu th ba tri hn, (cho ch k ch cha m, hai cch trn ch
k ch con)14 v cu ca Khng t phi dch l: Ngi con m lo cho cha
m bnh tt (ht sc sn sc sc kho ca cha m) l ngi con c hiu.
12
Ng sai. (Goldfish).
13
Nguyn vn: . Ch tt, ebook ngun
chp l bnh. (Goldfish).

Trang 18/195
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN
Gi m ngi chp cho ta bit Mnh V B l ngi ra sao (c gi gn
sc kho ca mnh khng, hoc c thng lo v sc kho ca cha m
khng) th chng ta khng cn thc mc na.
Nht l bi V.21, Khng t chn nn cnh bn ba, mun v L dy
hc; ngi chp khng cho ta bit vic xy ra hi no, trc khi ng
b nn B nm 494, hay Qu Khang t mi Nhim Cu15 v L gip
mnh, nm 492, hay l vo c hai ln nh T M Thin chp?
Bi XV.1, V Linh Cng hi ng v chin trn (ng p khng bit).
ng ti V ln no, v trc sau ng ti V nm ln, bn ln u Linh
Cng cn sng?
Cn nhiu bi khc, khng sao k ht. Do m nhiu khi ngi ta
khng bit chc t tng cng i sng ca ng. Nin biu no lp v
i ng cng ch l phng chng, mi iu trng c nm l may.
Chng ti ch nhn xt nh vy thi, khng c trch c nhn: cc
mn sinh ca Khng t khng c nhng phng tin d dng ghi
chp nh chng ta ngy nay, ngn ng ca h dng cch nay hai
ngn ri nm; m h khng c vit sch cho i sau, ch mun ghi li
li thy nh ri truyn cho con chu, hc tr thi, cho nn khng th
chp tht minh bch nh chng ta mun c. Chng ta cn nn khen
b Lun ng so vi b o c kinh, b Trang t, xut hin sau cn
sng sa hn nhiu, nht l ghi mt cch trung thc, t m ngn hnh ca
Khng t, thnh mt tc phm ng tin cy nht v hc thuyt Khng
t.
Mt im chung na cc sch thi u Chin Quc l s trnh by rt
ln xn.
Lun ng tuy chia lm 20 thin, nhng ngoi thin X (Hng ng
chp v li sng, cch c x hng ngy ca Khng t triu nh16, lng
xm v nh) l tng i nht tr, cn 19 thin kia th khng c ch
g c, gp u chp ny, v nhn, hiu, l, v chnh tr, v vn hc, v
hnh vi ca Khng t, tm s ca ng, ch ca mn sinh v.v, c vi
thin li xen vo dm ba bi v ngn hnh ca mn sinh na. V vy m

14
Ebook ngun chp l: cho ch k ch cha m hai cch trn, ch k ch con.
(Goldfish).
15
Nhim Cu: tc Nhim Hu ni trn. ng h Nhim, tn Cu, t Hu.
(Goldfish).
16
Thi Chin Quc (403-221) trc Cng nguyn.

Trang 19/195
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN
ngi xa phi ly vi ch u mi thin lm nhan cho thin,
nh Hc nhi, Ung d, T hn17
l i khi v ni dung v s trnh by.
V gi tr ngh thut, th chng ta phi nhn rng rt cao: li c ng;
ngha su sc, m chp t s, miu t tnh tnh hnh ng ca nhn vt
nhiu khi linh ng. Trong cun C vn Trung Quc (Tao n -1966),
chng ti gii thiu ba bi18:
I.1 Hc nhi thi tp chi
VII.14 Phu t v V qun h?
XI.25 Khng t hi v ch hng ca mt s mn sinh.
Cn nhiu bi na nh:
XVI.1 Khng t mng Nhim Cu khng bit can Qu th ng nh
Chuyn Du.
IX.11 Khng t mng T L mun tng mnh nh mt i phu.
V.25 Khng t hi ch hng mn sinh v t ch hng ca mnh.
Cng u l nhng tiu phm bt h trong vn hc Trung Quc.
y l cha k my chc cu ca Khng t rt gn m thm thu ng
gi l chm ngn hoc c coi l thnh ng nh: dc tc bt t,
ho nhi bt ng, n c tri tn, d trc bo on, qun t c cng,
ph qu nh ph vn, h mc bt kh iu, danh chnh ngn thun
v.v
BN DCH CA CHNG TI
Chng ta c c ba bn bn Lun ng. Bn u tin ti c bit
l bn ca c Lng Vn Can, mng khong trm trang tr li, ch la
mt s bi dy hc tr; bn ny khng kim c, ngay c trong th
vin cng khng chc cn; hai bn gn y nht, nhiu gia nh cn gi
l bn ca on Trung Cn in ln u Si Gn nm 1954, v bn ca
L Phc Thin, gm ba tp, xut bn Si Gn t nm 1962 n nm
1967.

17
Thin Hc nhi, tc thin I, bt u bng my ch T vit: Hc nhi thi tp chi
(); thin Ung d, tc thin VI, bt u bng my ch T vit:
Ung d kh s nam din (); thin T hn, tc thin IX, bt
u bng my ch T hn ngn li d mnh d nhn ().
(Goldfish).
18
Xem tit Lun ng trong phn Ph lc. (Goldfish).

Trang 20/195
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN
My bn u cng phu c, c nguyn vn ch Hn, phin m v
ch thch, nhng u theo cch hiu ca Chu Hi v u khng phn loi
cc bi, khng c bng tn ngi v tn t, bt tin cho vic tra cu.
Chng ti tham kho thm mt s bn ch gii v bn dch khc, c
bit l bn Lun ng c bn ca Thm Tri Phng v Tng B Tim,
nh Khai Minh xut bn Hng Cng gm hai tp, bn Lun ng ch
dch ca Triu Thng, nh Hu Lin xut bn cng Hng Cng nm
1967 v bn Lun ng nh thp ging ca Vng Hng Minh Trung
Hoa Th cc i Loan 1958, bit thm cch hiu mt s hc gi
Trung Hoa xa v nay.
Bi no c nhiu cch hiu th chng ti la ly mt v phn ch
thch ghi thm vi kin gii khc. S la chn ch l kin ring ca
ti thi, khng c gi tr g hn nhng la chn khc. Lm nh vy
chng ti ch mong thot ra khi li hiu chnh thng ca Tng nho,
rng tm hiu t tng Khng t theo mt tinh thn khch quan v gip
c gi thy c nhiu li hiu phn on.
Ti cng tham kho thm li dch ca Lm Ng ng, hc gi ny
thnh thong c nhng mi m, khc ngi; sau cng cun Confucius
ca Etiemble (Gallimard 1966) cng gip ti c t nhiu.
Mi bn nh s theo mt cch, phn nhiu theo li ca Chu Hi.
Chng ti theo li ca Triu Thng (sch dn).
Th d bi u thin V (Cng D Trng) chp vic Khng t g con
gi ca anh cho Nam Dung. Chu Hi chia lm hai bi: bi V.I ni v
Cng D Trng, V.2 ni v Nam Dung. Triu Thng gom li thnh
mt19.
Do s th t ca bi trong bn dch ca Triu Thng v ca chng
ti khc vi nhiu bn lu hnh. Nu theo s ca chng ti m tm
khng ra trong cc bn ca c gi c, th tm ngc ln hay tm xui
xung mt vi bi s thy.
CC BNG PHN LOI
Cui bn dch, chng ti thm nhiu bng phn loi v hai bng nhn
danh.
Vic phn loi phc tp v tn cng lm. B Lun ng gm 20 thin,
trn nm trm nm chc bi. C bi ch gm tm ch nh bi IX.1: T

19
Nguyn Thin Th, trong sch dn, cng gom hai bi lm mt. (Goldfish).

Trang 21/195
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN
hn ngn li d mnh d nhn, mun phn loi cho k th phi sp vo 4
loi: li, mnh, nhn v cch dy ca Khng t.
Mt bi di hn c tn nhiu ngi, thm tn t na, th c khi phi
sp vo chn mi ch.
Rt t bi ch ch cn sp vo mt hai ch. a s sch phi sp vo bn
nm ch. Nh vy, nm trm ri bi phi sp vo khong hai ngn ch
l t, bt tin cho vic tra cu. Mun d tra th phi rt bt i cho gin
tin hn; tm chnh ca mi bi m sp thi. Nh bi IX.1, theo ti,
chnh (tm gi nh vy) ch li; v li sp vo mc li (ngha, li)
d kim hn l sp vo mc nhn20 v trong Lun ng c rt t bi ni
v li v rt nhiu bi ni v nhn; cho nn ti ch sp vo mc
ngha, li ri ghi: IX.1 (T hn ngn li), m khi sp vo cc mc
mnh, nhn, cch dy ca Khng t.
Sp theo cch th gim i c nhiu, mc ch chnh l nhng
ngi quen vi Lun ng dng. c gi no cha quen vi Lun ng tt
kh tra hn chng ti, chng ti nh xin li nhng v .
V tn ngi, chng ti lp hai bng, mt bng cho cc ngi khng
phi l mn sinh Khng t, mt bng ring cho cc mn sinh.
Chng ti phi phn bit bn loi v mn sinh:
1. bi Khng t xt mn sinh;
2. bi mn sinh xt Khng;
3. bi chp ngn hnh mt s mn sinh c ting;
4. nhng bi khc ch nhc ti tn mn sinh thi (loi ny nhiu nht).
Nh vy cng l chng ti d kim.
Sau cng, cui sch, chng ti thm mt bng na: nhng cu
thng dn; gm c mt s bi c chm ngn ca Khng t hoc
nhng cu thnh ng Nhiu ln mun kim nhng thnh ng nh n
c tri tn, qu do bt cp, d trc bo on, nhn nng hong o,
phi o hong nhn v.v u m ngi phi lt coi tng thin mt,
tn c gi cha chc tm c, v vy ti gom gp nhng cu cho vo
mt bng ring. Bng ny ch c vi trang gip ti rt nhiu.

20
Ch nhn ny do ti ghi thm, trong ebook ngun ch c mt du ngoc kp!
(Goldfish).

Trang 22/195
GII THIU NGUN GC V CC BN
Nhng bng phn loi k trn phi dng lu ri mi thy khuyt im,
cn phi sa i, sp li, b tc. Nu sau ny cn th gi, ti s lm cng
vic .

Trang 23/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN I HC NHI

DCH V CH THCH
THIN I HC NHI
I.121
T vit: Hc nhi thi tp chi, bt dic duyt22 h? Hu bng t vin
phng lai, bt dic lc h, nhn bt tri nhi bt un, bt dic qun t
h?
Dch. Khng t ni: Hc m mi bui tp, chng cng thch ?
(Khi hc tn ti ri) c bn23 (cng ch hng) xa nghe ting m
tm li ( bn v o l vi nhau) chng cng vui ? Nhng nu khng
ai bit ti mnh m mnh khng hn gin th chng cng qun t24 ?
I.2
Hu t vit: K vi nhn d hiu nhi hiu phm thng gi tin h.
Bt hiu phm thng nhi hiu tc lon gi, v chi hu d. Qun t v
bn, bn lp nhi o sinh. Hiu d gi, k vi nhn chi bn d.
Dch. Hu t ni: Lm ngi, c nt hiu, th ai dm xc phm
b trn. Khng thch xc phm b trn m thch lm lon th cha tng
c. Ngi qun t chm ch vo vic gc, gc m vng th o c sinh
ra. Hiu, l ci gc ca c nhn y chng?

21
I.1: Trong ebook ngun ch 1 (s Rp ch s th t ca bi), tin vic
tm kim, ti ghi thm I. (s La M ch s th t ca chng); cc bi sau cng
vy. (Goldfish).
22
Duyt: nguyn vn ch Hn l thuyt c ngha l ni, y v trong mt
s bi sau c l duyt nh ch (duyt: vui v, hi lng). (Goldfish).
23
Bng: c sch hiu l hc tr xa li xin hc, v cu ny ngha nh li Mnh
t: c k anh ti trong thin h dy d, l mt trong ba ci vui ca ngi
qun t.
Nh vy cu u: Hc nhi thi tp tr thi hc bt ym (hc khng chn);
cu sau tr thi gio nhn bt quyn (dy ngi khng mi) ca Khng t.
C ba giai on hc trong bi ny l: hc thnh k (cu u), ri ti thnh nhn
(cu nh), sau cng thnh c (cu cui).
Chng ti cho hiu nh vy l hi g p. Nn hiu theo Chu Hi nh chng ti dch
trn.
24
Qun t: mi u tr hng qu tc cm quyn, tr dn. Tiu nhn l dn thng.
(coi cun Khng t chng VII). Khng t cho rng ngi cm quyn phi c c,
do m qun t cn c ngha l ngi c c d cm quyn, hay khng (nh
trong bi ny). Ch tiu nhn cng vy, c hai ngha: dn thng, hoc ngi cm
quyn thiu c. c Lun ng, chng ta phi tu ch m hiu theo ngha ny hay
ngha khc.

Trang 24/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN I HC NHI
Ch thch. Hu t, h Hu, tn Nhc, ngi nc L, hc tr
Khng t, c bn hc knh mn.
Ch qun t y nn hiu l ngi cm quyn, nh vy bi ny l
li khuyn hng ngi tr dn; nhng cng c th hiu l ngi c o
c.
I.3
T vit: Xo ngn, lnh sc, tin h nhn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ni nng kho lo, nt mt gi b nim n,
hng ngi t c lng nhn.
I.4
Tng t vit: Ng nht tam tnh ng thn: V nhn mu nhi bt trung
h? D bng hu giao nhi bt tn h? Truyn bt cp h?
Dch. Tng t25 ni: Mi ngy ti t xt ba vic: Lm vic g cho
ai, c ht lng khng? Giao thip vi bn b, c thnh tn khng? Thy
dy cho iu g, c hc tp (cho nhun) khng?
I.5
T vit: o thin thng chi quc, knh s nhi tn, tit dng nhi i
nhn, s dn d thi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Tr mt nc (ch hu khng ln khng nh)
c ngn c xe th phi thn trng trong vic m thnh tht vi dn,
khng lng ph l yu dn, khin dn lm vic, phi hp thi (khi dn
rnh vic nng).
I.6
T vit: t nhp tc hiu, xut tc , cn nhi tn, phim i
chng26 nhi thn nhn; hnh hu d lc tc d hc vn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Con em (thanh nin) trong nh th hiu, tho
vi cha m, ra ngoi th knh nhng bc huynh trng, thn trng li

25
Tng t, h Tng, tn Sm, t l T D, ngi nc L, hc tr nh tui nht
ca Khng t, km Khng t 46 tui, sau dy chu ni ca Khng t l Khng
Cp (T T), ng rt c hiu; thn ph l Tng Tch cng l hc tr ca Khng t.
26
Phim i chng: nguyn vn ch Hn l ; bn Nguyn Thin Th chp l
phm i chng v dch l: thng mi ngi. Trong Trang t, thin
Thin h, hai ch phim i trong cu Phim i vn vt thin a nht th d, c
Nguyn Hin L cng dch l yu khp. Hai ch , c bn chp l: , c
bn li chp l: . (Goldfish).

Trang 25/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN I HC NHI
ni m thnh thc, yu khp mi ngi m gn gi ngi nhn c; lm
c th vy ri m cn d sc th s hc vn (tc hc Thi, Th, L,
Nhc, Dch).
I.7
T H27 vit: Hin hin d28 sc, s ph mu nng kit k lc, s qun
nng tr k thn, d bng hu giao, ngn nhi hu tn, tuy vit v hc, ng
tt v chi hc h.29
I.8
T vit: Qun t bt trng tc bt uy, hc tc bt c; ch trung tn, v
hu bt nh k gi, qu tc vt n ci.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t khng trang trng th khng uy
nghi, hc tt khng vng (khng t l); chuyn ch vo s trung tn,
khng kt bn vi ngi khng (trung tn) nh mnh; c li th ch ngi
sa i.
I.9
Tng T vit: Thn chung truy vin, dn c qui hu h.
Dch. Tng t ni: Thn trng trong tang l cha m, truy nim v
t t t tin xa, th c ca dn s thun hu.

27
T H h Bc, tn Thng, hc tr ca Khng t, nh hn thy 44 tui, khng
r qu qun u, v gi lm thy Ngu Vn Hu.
28
Ch [], a s hc gi c l dch, ngha l i, v ging l: tn trng ngi
hin m i lng hiu sc i (Chu Hi), hoc: em lng hiu sc i lm tn trng
ngi hin (Khng An Quc). Nham S C c l d, ging l coi thng. Hai
cch u c c. Chng ti theo h Nham v nh vy l hai (tn trng ngi
hin v coi thng sc p) i nhau.
Nhng c iu thc mc: khuyn coi thng sc p, iu c lin quan g ti
o th cha m, th vua, v giao thip vi bn b? Trn T Phm v Tng Tng
Phng ging: Hin hin d sc l ni v o v chng (chng i vi v, nn
trng c ca v m coi thng sc p); o v chng ng u nhn lun nn
T H a ln trc, ri mi ni n o cha con, vua ti, bn b. Ging nh vy
cng c l. Nhng chng ti vn tn nghi. [Ch t trong du ngoc ng l do
ti ghi thm, v sau, nu cn, ti cng ghi nh vy nhng s khng ch thch.
(Goldfish)].
29
Bi 7 ny, trong ebook ngun khng c li dch. Nguyn Thin Th dch nh
sau: T H ni: Ngi no bit b tt ho sc m hm m ngi hin, ht lng th
cha, m, liu thn phng s quc trng, giao tip vi bn b th gi ch tn; nu
ai bo ngi ny cha c hc hnh, th ti y ni rng ngi c hc ri.
(Goldfish).

Trang 26/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN I HC NHI
I.10
T Cm30 vn T Cng31 vit: Phu t ch th bang d, tt vn k
chnh, cu chi d, c d chi d.
T Cng vit: Phu t n, lng, cung, kim, nhng d c chi. Phu
t chi cu chi d, k ch d h nhn chi cu chi d?
Dch. T Cm hi T Cng: Thy mnh (y tr Khng t) ti
nc no cng c nghe chnh s nc , nh vy l thy cu nghe
hay l nh cm quyn t bo cho bit?
T Cng p: Thy mnh c thi n ho, lng thin, cung thun,
tit kim, khim tn, nh vy m ngi ta bo cho bit. Vy cch cu
nghe ca thy mnh hoc gi c ch khng ging cch cu nghe ca
ngi khc chng?
I.11
T vit: Ph ti, quan k ch; ph mt, quan k hnh; tam nin v ci
ph chi o, kh v hiu h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Cha cn th xt ch hng ca ngi, cha mt
ri th xt hnh vi ca ngi, ba nm sau m khng thay i khun php
(tt p) ca cha th c th gi l c hiu.
Ch thch. Nguyn vn ch dng ch o. Chng ti ngh gi
o th phi tt p, c tt p th con mi nn gi ng; h ba nm ht
tang m cn gi c th tt s gi c hoi. Cn iu khng thin ca
cha th khng th gi l o c, c th sa i lin.
C nhn c ngi hiu khc: d cha sinh tin c lm g tri o th
ngi con c hiu cng khng n sa i ngay, m i ht tang cha .
I.12
Hu t vit: L chi dng, ha vi qu. Tin vng chi o t vi m,
tiu i do chi. Hu s bt hnh, tri ha nhi ha, bt d l tit chi, dic
bt kh hnh d.
Dch. Hu t ni: Cng dng ca l nghi, qu nht l iu ho (cho
thch hp, cho ho hp). Php tr nc ca tin vng nh m hon
m, vic ln vic nh u theo l c. Tuy nhin, c iu ny (tin vng)
khng lm: bit cng dng ca l l ho, m ch trng ho (kh), khng
dng l tit ch (th s phng ng). l vic khng nn lm.

30
T Cm, h Trn, tn Cang, cng l hc tr ca Khng t, coi bi XVI.13.
31
T Cng, h oan Mc, tn T, ngi nc V, l hc tr ca Khng t.

Trang 27/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN I HC NHI
Ch thch. bi ny cng nh cu ho nhi bt lu (ho m
khng phng tng) trong Trung dung.
I.13
Hu t vit: Tn cn ngha, ngn kh phc d. Cung cn l, vin
s nhc d. Nhn bt tht k thn, dic kh tn d.
Dch. Hu t ni: Li c hn phi hp ngha th mi gi c.
Cung knh phi hp l th mi trnh c nhc. Thn cn vi ngi
ng cho mnh thn cn (tc ngi c c nhn) th ngi mnh c
th tn knh c (hoc nng nh ngi ng cho mnh thn cn
ngi c c nhn th ngi c th lm ch mnh c).
Ch thch. Ch nhn [] y c th hiu l thn cn hay nng
nh. Ch tn [] c th hiu l knh m coi l ch mnh.
I.14
T vit: Qun t, thc v cu bo, c v cu an, mn s nhi thn
ngn, tu hu o nhi chnh yn, kh v hiu hc d d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t n khng cu c y ,
khng cu c yn vui, lm vic sing nng m thn trng li ni, tm
ngi o c (th gio) sa mnh; nh vy c th gi l ngi ham
hc.
Ch thch. Thc v cu bo, c v cu an: khng hiu theo ngha
tng ch. Khng t mun ni: nn thn trng n s sa mnh hn ci
n ci .
I.15
T Cng vit: Bn nhi v sim, ph nhi v kiu, h nh?
T vit: Kh d; v nhc bn nhi lc, ph nhi hiu l gi d.
T Cng vit: Thi vn: Nh thit nh tha, nh trc nh ma K t
chi v d?
T vit: T d, thy kh d ngn Thi d h, co ch vng nhi tri lai
gi.
Dch. T Cng hi: Ngho m khng nnh, giu m khng kiu,
hng ngi ra sao?
Khng t p: Kh y; nhng cha bng ngho m vui, giu m
thch gi l.

Trang 28/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN II VI CHNH
T Cng tha: Kinh Thi c cu: Nh ct sng b, nh gia ng voi,
nh o ngc p, nh mi qu. ngha nh vy chng?
Khng t khen: T, nh anh mi ng cho ta ging Kinh Thi cho. V
bo cho iu trc m anh hiu c iu sau.
I.16
T vit: Bt hon nhn chi bt k tri, hon bt tri nhn d.
Dch. Khng t ni: ng lo ngi khng bit mnh, ch lo mnh
khng bit ngi.
Ch thch. Lo mnh khng bit ngi l lo khng bit ngi no
hin theo, ngi xu trnh. Nn so snh bt hon nhn chi bt k
tri trong bi ny vi nhn bt tri nhi bt un trong bi u.
THIN II VI CHNH
II.1
T vit: Vi chnh d c, th nh bc thn, c k s nhi chng tinh
cng chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Lm chnh tr (tr dn) m dng c ( cm
ho dn) th nh sao bc u mt ni m cc ngi sao khc hng v
c (tc: thin h theo v).
Ch thch. y l ch trng v vi ca Khng: khng phi dng
hnh php, trnh c mi phin phc, chng c mi bin ng.
II.2
T vit: Thi tam bch, nht ngn d t chi, vit: T v t.
Dch. Khng t ni: Kinh Thi c ba trm thin, mt li bao qut
tt c, l t tng thun chnh.
Ch thch. Kinh Thi c 311 thin nhng su thin ch c tn m mt
li, cn li l 305 thin; ni l 300 l s chn.
Trnh t32 cho rng ch t khng c ngha l tri vi chnh, m c
ngha tri vi thnh thc: li no trong Kinh Thi cng t ng s thc,
c thnh thc mi cm c ngi. Nhiu nh theo cch hiu ca Trnh
t v trong Kinh Thi c nhiu bi t tnh luyn i ca trai gi, sao c th
bo l v t l thun chnh c.
C ngi ngh: nhng bi ca dao t tnh trai gi yu nhau, bt k dn
tc no cng rt nhiu. Khng t san nh Kinh Thi, tt b i

32
Trnh t: tc Trnh iu, l mt danh Nho thi nh Tng. (Goldfish).

Trang 29/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN II VI CHNH
mt s; v nhng bi gi li, c th ng cho l v hi: tnh trong t
nhin, chnh ng.
ng khng qu nghim khc nh cc nh nho thi sau chng? Thuyt
ny c ngi cho l sai: Khng t khng h san Kinh Thi, ng gi ; v
t v t33 l thi ca ta nn c khi c Kinh Thi. Nhng theo
nguyn vn th Khng t xt v Kinh Thi ch khng xt v cch c
Kinh Thi.
II.3
T vit: o chi d chnh, t chi d hnh, dn min nhi v s. o chi
d c, t chi d l, hu s th cch.
Dch. Khng t ni: Dng chnh lnh dt dn dn, dng hnh
pht bt dn vo khun php, dn trnh khi ti nhng khng bit h
thn. Dng o c dt dn dn, dng l gio t dn vo khun
php, dn bit h thn m li theo ng chnh.
Ch thch. Ch t [] c th hiu l t chnh, hoc nht lut nh
nhau. Vo khun php din c hai . Ch cch [], c ngi
ging l ch []34, n (t c mc thin). Li c bi ging l thun
phc.
Bi ny b tc bi 1 trn.
II.4
T vit: Ng thp hu ng nhi ch hc; tam thp nhi lp; t thp
nhi bt hoc; ng thp nhi tri thin mnh; lc thp nhi nh thun; tht
thp nhi tng tm s dc, bt du c.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta mi lm tui ch vo vic hc (o);
ba mi tui bit t lp (tc khc k phc l, c theo iu l m lm);
bn mi tui khng nghi hoc na (tc c tr c, nn hiu r ba c
nhn, l, ngha); nm mi tui bit mnh tri (bit c vic no sc
ngi lm c, vic no khng lm c); su mi tui bit theo
mnh tri (ch nh y khng c ngha l tai, m c ngha l d =

33
T v t: trong i cng vn hc s Trung Quc, c Nguyn Hin L dch l:
Khng ngh by. (Goldfish).
34
Theo trang http://www.cnicw.gov.cn/info_disp.php?id=15676 th ch cch
c hai cch gii thch: mt l dng nh ch ch , hai l dng nh ch chnh
(c Nguyn Hin L dch theo cch hiu th hai ny). (Goldfish).

Trang 30/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN II VI CHNH
)35; by mi tui theo lng mun ca mnh m khng vt ra ngoi
khun kh o l (khng phi suy ngh, gng sc m hnh ng t
nhin, hp o l).
Ch thch. C ngi hiu lp [] l t mnh bit theo chnh o;
chng ti theo nhng cu lp l (Thin Thi B, bi 8), bt tri l v
d lp (Thin Nghiu vit, bi 3) m dch nh trn. Thin mnh []
c ngi hiu l lut tri, s bin ho, din tin trong v tr. Nh thun
[], hu ht cc sch u ging l: tai thun, tc nghe ai ni th hiu
c ngay ngi ngh g, mun ni g, c g.
II.5
Mnh t vn hiu. T vit: v vi36.
Phn Tr ng, t co chi vit: Mnh tn vn hiu ng, ng i vit:
v vi. Phn Tr vit: H v d? T vit: Sinh, s chi d l; t, tng
chi d l, t chi d l.
Dch. Mnh t hi v o hiu. Khng t p: Khng tri.
(Mt hm) Phn Tr nh xe (cho Khng t). Khng t bo: Mnh
Tn hi ta v o hiu, ta p: khng tri. Phn Tr hi: Thy p
nh vy ngha l g? Khng t p: Cha m sng th phng s cho
hp l, mt ri th tng tng cho hp l, cng t cho hp l.
Ch thch. Mnh t, h Trng Tn, tn H K, l mt i phu
nc L. Theo T truyn th Mnh Hi t, cha Mnh t, trc khi cht,
dn t phi li Khng t xin hc l. Mnh Tn cng l Mnh t.
Phn Tr, h Phn, tn Tu, t T Tr, hc tr Khng t.
II.6
Mnh V B vn hiu. T vit: Ph mu duy k tt chi u.
Dch. Mnh V B hi v o hiu. Khng t p: Cha m ch lo
cho con b bnh tt.
Ch thch. Bi ny c nhiu cch hiu. Hiu nh chng ti dch th
ch k ch con ci. C th Mnh V B, tn l Tr, con Mnh t, chi

35
Trn trang http://tieba.baidu.com/f?kz=971507278, c ngi bo Phng Hu
Lan, trong Tn Nguyn o, cng cho rng ch nh () ngha l d (), v
cu lc thp nhi nh thun () nn hiu l lc thp nhi d thun
(). (Goldfish).
36
Vi: nguyn vn ch Hn l , ngha l tri (ch khng phi ch c ngha l
lm). (Goldfish).

Trang 31/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN II VI CHNH
bi qu , khng gi gn sc kho, khin cha m lo, nn Khng t
khuyn vy. Ai lm cha m cng lo nht cho con khi chng au m.
C ngi ging hi khc: ngi con c hiu th thn trng trong mi
vic, khng lm g cho cha m phi lo; duy c bnh tt l khng
phng c, cho nn ch lo mnh c bnh tt, khin cha m bun.
Li c thuyt cho ch k ch cha m. Ngi con m lo cha m bnh tt
(ht sc sn sc sc kho ca cha m) l ngi con c hiu.
II.7
T Du vn hiu. T vit: Kim chi hiu gi, th v nng dng. Ch
khuyn m giai nng hu dng, bt knh h d bit h?
Dch. T Du hi v o hiu. Khng t p: Ngy nay ngi ta
hiu l c th nui cha m, nhng n ch, nga kia, ngi ta cng
nui, nu khng knh cha m th c khc g?
Ch thch. T Du, h Ngn, tn Yn, hc tr Khng t.
C ngi cho hiu nh trn th li Khng t gay gt qu, so snh vic
nui cha m (ca hng con c hiu) vi vic nui ch nga; cho nn bo
hai ch khuyn m ch bn con bt hiu khng knh cha m. Ti ngh
Khng t tnh tnh n ho, c mng bn th ch gi l bt nhn, ch
khng tn nhn n bo h l ch nga.
Li c thuyt hiu l: loi vt nh ch nga cng bit nui cha m
chng. iu khng ng: ch, nga khi ln ri, khng nhn ra cha
m na, hoc nhn c th cng khng h nui cha m.
Mt thuyt na: ch gi nh, nga ch nng, nh vy l ch, nga
cng nui ngi, nhng chng khng bit cung knh; ngi nui cha m
m khng cung knh th khc g ch nga nui ch. Cng p na.
II.8
T H vn hiu. T vit: Sc nan. Hu s, t phc k lao, hu tu
thc, tin sinh son, tng th d vi hiu h?
Dch. T H hi v o hiu. Khng t p: Kh ch gi c
nt mt vui v. Khi cha c vic, con phi kh nhc ( gip cha), hoc
khi c cm ru, mi cha n ung, nh vy l hiu chng?
Ch thch. Ch sc [] trong bi tr nt mt ca con. T H cng
trc, nn Khng t khuyn nh vy. Nhng c ngi cho l nt mt ca
cha m: con phi lm sao cho cha m lc no cng vui v.

Trang 32/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN II VI CHNH
II.9
T vit: Ng d Hi ngn chung nht, bt vi nh ngu. Thoi nhi tnh
k t, dic tc d pht. Hi, d bt ngu.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta vi (Nhan) Hi ni (v o) sut ngy, anh
y khng hi vn ta iu g c, c v nh ngu n. Nhng khi anh y lui
v, ta xt k i t ca anh y th thy cng pht huy c li ta ging.
Anh Hi khng phi l ngu.
Ch thch. Nhan Hi, t T Uyn, ngi nc L, hc tr ca
Khng t, cht trc thy, nm 32 tui.
II.10
T vit: Th k s d, quan k s do, st k s an, nhn yn su tai?
Nhn yn su tai?
Dch. Khng t ni: Xem vic lm ca mt ngi, tm hiu v l g
h lm vic y, xt xem h (lm vic ) c an tm (hay vui v) khng,
nh vy ngi ta cn giu mnh sao c?
II.11
T vit: n c nhi tri tn, kh d vi s h.
Dch. Khng t ni: n li nhng iu c m bit c iu mi
(hoc: n li iu mnh bit m thm iu mi) nh vy c th lm
thy c.
II.12
T vit: Qun t bt kh.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t khng phi l mt dng
(ngha l ch dng vo c mt vic, m phi hiu rng, bit nhiu,
lm c nhiu vic).
II.13
T Cng vn qun t. T vit: Tin hnh k ngn, nhi hu tng chi.
Dch. T Cng hi th no l qun t. Khng t p: Lm trc
iu mnh mun ni ri hy ni sau.
II.14
T vit: Qun t chu nhi bt t, tiu nhn t nhi bt chu.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t thn vi mi ngi m khng
kt ng v t li; tiu nhn kt ng v t li m khng thn vi mi
ngi.

Trang 33/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN II VI CHNH
II.15
T vit: Hc nhi bt t tc vng, t nhi bt hc tc i.
Dch. Khng t ni: Hc m khng suy ngh th m ti (khng hiu
c g, qu tin sch), suy ngh m khng hc th nguy hi (hao tm
lc).
Ch thch. C ngi hiu l: suy ngh m khng hc th nghi hoc,
khng bit th no l phi tri.
II.16
T vit: Cng h d oan, t hi d d37.
Dch. Khng t ni: Chuyn tm nghin cu nhng cc oan th c
hi.
Ch thch. C ngi hiu khc: cng [] l cng kch, d [] ngha
l [] (ch): cng kch nhng ci cc oan th ngn c hi.
Li c ngi cho d oan [] tr t thuyt. C th nh vy, nhng
chc chn l Khng t khng m ch hc thuyt Dng Chu, Mc ch,
v thi ng hc thuyt cha xut hin.
C ngi bo d oan cng nh lng oan [] trong bi IX.7 l
hai mt ca vn . Xt c hai mt, ri chit trung th ngn c hi.
Chng ti hiu d oan l khng trung chnh, nn dch nh trn.
II.17
T vit: Do, hi nh38 tri chi h! Tri chi vi tri chi, bt tri vi bt tri, th
tri d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Do, ta dy cho anh th no l bit ny.
Bit iu g th nhn l bit, khng bit th nhn khng bit, nh vy l
bit.
Ch thch. Do l tn, h l Trng. Trng Do t l T L, ngi
nc L, hc tr Khng t, c sc mnh, gii chnh tr, km Khng t
mi tui.

37
D: nguyn vn ch Hn l , bn Nguyn Vn Th chp l k v dch bn
ch t hi d k l: c hi cho mnh. (Goldfish).
38
Nh: Nguyn vn ch Hn l , y c l nh v c ngha nh ch
(nh). (Goldfish).

Trang 34/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN II VI CHNH
II.18
T Trng hc can lc. T vit: a vn, khuyt nghi, thn ngn k
d, tc qu vu. a kin, khuyt i, thn hnh k d, tc qu hi. Ngn
qu vu, hnh qu hi, lc ti k trung h.
Dch. T Trng mun hc lm quan, c bng lc. Khng t
bo: Nghe nhiu, iu g cn nghi th , ng ni, nhng iu cn
li (tin c) th khi ni, phi thn trng, nh vy s t li. Thy nhiu,
iu g cha yn lng (hoc cn nghi ng) th khi lm phi thn trng,
nh vy t phi n nn. Li ni t li lm, vic lm t n nn; bng lc t
nhin trong (ngha l t nhin s c).
Ch thch. T Trng, h Chuyn Tn, tn S, hc tr Khng t.
II.19
Ai cng vn vit: H vi tc dn phc? Khng t i vit: C trc,
th ch ung, tc dn phc. C ung th ch trc, tc dn bt phc.
Dch. Vua Ai cng hi: Lm th no th dn phc tng?
Khng t p: c ngi ngay thng ln trn hng ngi cong
queo th dn phc tng, c ngi cong queo ln trn ngi ngay
thng th dn khng phc tng.
Ch thch. Ai cng l vua nc L, con nh cng, ln ngi nm -
494. Bi ny c th hiu hai cch: ch th [] l b, ch ch [] l ht
thy, nh vy c trc th ch ung ngha l: Dng ngi ngay thng,
b ht nhng ngi cong queo.
Chng ti hiu theo Triu Thng (Lun ng dch ch Hu Lin xut
bn): th [] l t ln, ch [] l hai ch chi [] hp li (nh t
nh = anh y ca ta, hoc t Smog = Smoke + fog ca Anh) m dch nh
trn. Triu Thng cho rng hiu nh vy mi hp vi cu c trc th
ch ung, nng s ung gi trc trong bi 20 thin XII (Nhan Uyn):
c c ngi ngay thng ln trn ngi cong queo th ngi cong
queo cng t rt i, nu khng t sa mnh, khng cn phi ui ht
bn h i.
II.20
Qu Khang t vn: S dn knh, trung d khuyn39, nh chi h?

39
Khuyn: nguyn vn ch Hn l khuyn (); c bn chp l cn ().
(Goldfish).

Trang 35/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN II VI CHNH
T vit: Lm chi d trang tc knh, hiu t tc trung, c thin nhi gio
bt nng tc khuyn.
Dch. Qu Khang t hi: Mun cho dn cung knh, trung thnh v
khuyn nhau lm iu thin, th lm cch no?
Khng t p: X vi dn m nghim trang th dn cung knh. Hiu
thun (vi cha m), t i (vi ngi di) th dn trung thnh. Ct nhc
ngi tt, dy d ngi khng tt th dn khuyn nhau lm iu thin.
Ch thch. Qu Khang t, h Qu Tn, tn Ph, l mt i phu ca
L.
II.21
Hoc v Khng t vit: T h bt vi chnh.
T vit: Th vn: Hiu h duy hiu, hu vu huynh . Thi hu
chnh, th dic vi chnh, h k vi vi chnh?
Dch. C ngi hi Khng t: Ti sao ng khng tng chnh (ra
lm quan).
Khng t p: Kinh Th c cu: Hiu thun a, hiu thun vi cha
m, thn i a, thn i vi anh em. Thi hnh cu ni m cm ho
c hng ngi cm quyn, th cng l tng chnh, sao c tham gia
chnh s mi l tng chnh?
Ch thch. Chng ti dch nh trn theo cch chm cu ca mt s
hc gi ngy nay: Triu Thng trong sch dn, v Thm Tri Phng
trong Lun ng c bn Khi Minh th cc xut bn. Hai nh cho
Hiu h duy hiu l ch trong Kinh Th40 ca tng c hiu, cng nh
my ch l h l trong L K l li ca tng l. Cn bn ch Thi hu
chnh l li ca Khng t, nu l li ca Kinh Th th khng dng ch
m dng ch vu nh cu trn.
Cc hc gi thi trc chm cu khc: T vit: Th vn hiu h?
Duy hiu, hu vu huynh , thi hu chnh. Th dic vi chnh H
cho Th vn hiu h l li Khng t, m thi hu chnh l li trong
Kinh Th, v dch l:
Khng t p: C bit Kinh Th ni v o hiu chng? Cho c
hiu vi cha m, ho thun vi anh em, thi hnh cho c chnh sch. y
cng l lm vic chnh tr; ti sao c phi tng chnh mi l lm vic
chnh tr?

40
Kinh Th c nhiu bn, cha r bn no.

Trang 36/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN III BT DT
Chm cu cch no th ngha cng khng thay i. Khng t mun
ni: ng khng ra lm quan nhng dy ngi ta hiu , v ngi ta
nghe ng, khi cm quyn m thi hnh hiu , th nc s tr, nh vy
cng l ng gip vo vic chnh s, gip nc ri.
II.22
T vit: Nhn nhi v tn, bt tri k kh d. i xa v ngh, tiu xa v
ngt, k h d hnh chi tai?
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi m khng c tn th khng hiu sao
thnh ngi c (hoc lm nn vic c). Cng nh xe ln khng c
n ngh (n g ngang buc tru); xe nh khng c n ngt (n
g cong buc nga) lm sao m i c?
II.23
T Trng vn: Thp th, kh tri d?
T vit: n nhn H l, s tn ch kh tri d. Chu nhn n l, s
tn ch kh tri d. K hoc k Chu gi, tuy bch th, kh tri d.
Dch. T Trng hi: Mi i (sau ny) c th bit c khng?
Khng t p: Nh n theo l ca nh H, thm bt ci g, ta c
th bit c. Nh Chu theo l ca nh n, thm bt ci g, ta c th
bit c41. Sau ny hoc c nh no ni nh Chu, d c trm i cng
c th bit c.
Ch thch. Ch th [] (i) y nn hiu l triu i, ch khng
phi l i ngi. Ch l [] c ngha rng: in chng, ch , nghi
thc, tp tc. Khng t mun ni s din ho ca lch s theo lut nhn
qu, do m xt vic i trc c th bit c vic i sau. Nh H
(2205-1767); nh Thng sau i tn l n (1766-1122); nh Chu
(1122-274), ba triu i ni nhau, gi l tam i.
II.24
T vit: Phi k qu42, nhi t chi, sim d. Kin ngha bt vi, v dng
d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Khng phi t tin mnh khut m mnh t
th l nnh b; thy vic ngha m khng lm l khng c dng.
THIN III BT DT

41
Cu Nh Chu theo l ca nh n, thm bt ci g, ta c th bit c l do
ti ghi thm. (Goldfish).
42
Qu l ngi cht.

Trang 37/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN III BT DT
III.1
Khng t v Qu th bt dt v nh: Th kh nhn d, thc bt kh
nhn d.
Dch. Khng t bn v vic Qu Th dng v bt dt (ca thin t)
i snh (h Qu), bo: Vic nhn tm lm c th vic g m
khng nhn tm lm c?
Ch thch. Bi ny nhiu bn c chm cu nh sau: Khng t v
Qu th: Bt dt v nh, th kh nhn d, ngha l Khng t bo
Qu th: V bt dt i snh (nh ng), vic ng nhn tm lm
c. Thi qui nh: thin t mi dng v bt dt: tm hng
ngi, mi hng tm ngi; ch hu th lc dt: 6 hng, mi hng 6
ngi; khanh, i phu th t dt: 4 hng, mi hng 4 ngi; s th nh
dt: 2 hng, mi hng 2 ngi. Qu th y c l l Qu Tn Hon t, ch
l mt i phu nc L, khng dng v t dt, m dng v bt dt l
dng cn l thin t, tri php.
III.2
Tam gia gi d Ung trit. T vit: Tng duy tch cng, thin t mc
mc, h th tam gia chi ng?
Dch. Ba nh i phu (nc L: Mnh Tn, Thc Tn, Qu Tn) cho
ht Ung (mt thin trong Chu tng Kinh Thi) khi dp t l i.
Khng t ni: (Hai cu trong th Ung :) tr t l vua cc ch hu,
thin t (lm ch t) th rt nghim tc, ht trong ba i snh ba nh
th cn ngha g na?
Ch thch. Theo l, khi thin t t tn miu, th cc ch hu tr t,
v cho ht th Ung m dp t l. Khng t ch ba nh , tim l ca
thin t, th Ung ht trong nhng trng hp ho v ngha.
III.3
T vit: Nhn nhi bt nhn, nh l h? Nhn nhi bt nhn, nh nhc
h?
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi khng c c nhn th l m lm g?
Ngi khng c c nhn th nhc m lm g?
Ch thch. Khng t cho c nhn l gc ca l nhc.
III.4
Lm Phng vn l chi bn. T vit: i tai vn! L, d k xa d, ninh
kim; tang d k d d, ninh thch.

Trang 38/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN III BT DT
Dch. Lm Phng hi v gc ca l. Khng t p: Cu hi
quan trng y! L m qu xa x th kim c cn hn; tang m qu ch
trng nghi tit th thng xt cn hn.
Ch thch. Khng r Lm Phng l ai43.
III.5
T vit: Di ch chi hu qun, bt nh ch H chi v44 d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Cc nc Di, ch ( chung quanh Trung
Quc, lc hu) d c vua cng khng bng cc nc Hoa H (Trung
Quc) khng c vua (v Hoa H c l nghi).
Ch thch. Chu Hi cho hai ch bt nh [ ] l khng ging; v
ngha khc hn: Khng t c than th cc nc ch hu hi cho
thin t nh Chu khng ra g, thnh th Trung Quc cng nh khng c
vua. Hiu theo hai cch u c c. Phi bit trong hon cnh no,
Khng t ni cu th mi r ng mun ni g.
III.6
Qu th l Thi Sn. T v Nhim Hu vit: Nh45 pht nng cu
d? i vit: Bt nng. T vit: h! Tng v Thi Sn bt nh
Lm Phng h?
Dch. H Qu t l ni Thi Sn. Khng t hi Nhim Hu (lm
quan t ca h Qu): Anh khng ngn c sao? Nhim Hu p:
Khng ngn c. Khng t ni: Than i! Vy l cho rng ni Thi
Sn khng bng Lm Phng sao?
Ch thch. Ni Thi Sn nc L. Theo l th ch vua L mi t
thn ni , Qu th mt i phu, li t l tim l.
Thn ni Thi Sn tt khng hng t l ca Qu th, v nu hng th
chng ho ra thn khng bng Lm Phng sao? (Lm Phng l ngi
hiu l coi bi 4 trn).
Nhim Hu, h Nhim, tn Cu, hc tr Khng t.

43
Lm Phng: Theo li ch gii trn trang
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/7/2/11/n1620391.htm th Lm Phng () l
ngi nc L thi Xun Thu, hc tr ca Khng t. (Goldfish).
44
V: Nguyn vn ch Hn l (vong), y c l v v c ngha nh ch
(v). (Goldfish).
45
Nh: Nguyn vn ch Hn l (xem ch thch trong bi II.19 trn).
(Goldfish).

Trang 39/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN III BT DT
III.7
T vit: Qun t v s tranh, tt d x h? p nhng nhi thng, h
nhi m, k tranh d qun t.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t khng ganh ua vi ai, nu c
th ch trong lc bn chng? Vi nhng ri mi bc ln, khi lui xung
th mi ngi kia ung ru. Ganh ua nhau nh vy mi l qun t.
III.8
T H vn vit: Xo tiu thin h, m mc phn h, t d vi huyn
h h v d? T vit: Hi s hu t. Vit: L hu h? Vit:
Khi d gi Thng46 d! Thy kh d ngn Thi d h.
Dch. T H ni: (Kinh Thi ni:) ming xinh chm chm ci, mt
p long lanh sng47, trn nn trng v mu sc s48 ngha l th no?
Khng t p: C sn nn trng ri sau mi v. T H (li hi):
(Ngha l) l phi sau (nhn)49 chng? Khng t ni: Anh Thng
pht khi c ta, nh anh mi c th ging Kinh Thi cho c.
Ch thch. Khng t khen T H nghe mt bit hai.
III.9
T vit: H l, ng nng ngn chi, K bt tc trng d; n l, ng
nng ngn chi, Tng bt tc trng d; vn hin bt tc, c d. Tc, tc
ng nng trng chi h.
Dch. Khng t ni: L ch nh H, ta c th ni c, nhng
nc K khng lm chng; l ch nh n, ta c th ni c, nhng
nc Tng khng lm chng, v vn kin v ngi hin hai nc
khng . Nu th ta c th chng minh li ta ni c.
Ch thch. Nc K l hu du ca nh H, nc Tng l hu du
nh n. Vn hin: Vn l vn kin, hin l hin ti.
Nn coi li bi 23 thin II. Khng t trong bi bo nh n theo l
ca nh H, thm bt g ng bit c. Trong bi ny ng bo ng bit
nhng khng th dn chng c v khng vn kin v hin ti.

46
Thng: Thng l tn ca T H, Khng t gi hc tr bng tn (tng t nh
trong bi I.15: Khng t gi T Cng l T; trong bi II.17: gi T L l Do).
(Goldfish).
47
Hai cu ny trong thin Thc nhn, V phong.
48
Cu cui cng ny khng bit u.
49
Chng ti thm ch nhn l theo trong bi III.3.

Trang 40/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN III BT DT
III.10
T vit: (c sch c l du), t k qun nhi vng gi, ng bt dc
quan chi h.
Dch. Khng t ni: T , t lc rt ru xung t tr i, ta
khng mun xem na.
Ch thch. T l mt t ln i xa, nm nm mt ln, lm tn
miu nh vua. C sch ni rt ru xung t l dng thn, ri mi
by bi v t tin t. Khng t khng mun xem vic by bi v v
vua L Vn cng by bi v sai, khng hp l, t bi v Hi cng trn
bi v Mn cng. Hi cng l anh ca Mn cng, git Mn cng cp
ngi. Vn cng l con Hi cng cho nn t cha trn Mn cng. Khng t
cho Mn cng mi thc l vua, Hi cng th qun tim v, phi t bi
v ca Mn cng ln trn.
III.11
Hoc vn chi thuyt. T vit: Bt tri d. Tri k thuyt chi thin
h d, k nh th ch h? Ch k chng.
Dch. C ngi hi v thuyt t . Khng t p: Khng bit. Nu
bit thuyt y, th vic tr thin h cng nh trong ci ny chng?
Ngi va ni va ch vo bn tay.
Ch thch. Khng t ch trng dng l tr thin h. T l mt
t quan trng, nu hiu c n (bit c l) th tr thin h rt d. ng
ni khng hiu thuyt t , c th v khng mun vch li ca vua L
khi lm t chng?
III.12
T nh ti, t thn nh thn ti.
T vit: Ng bt d t, nh bt t.
Dch. T t tin nh t tin trc mt, t thn nh thn trc
mt50.
Khng t ni: Khi ta (v l g) khng ch thn ng t (m mn
ngi thay)51 tuy c t y, vn (n hn) nh cha t.

50
Cu ny l li mn sinh chp thi ca Khng t khi t, ch khng phi l li
ca Khng t.
51
Lm Ng ng hiu l nu ta khng ch ht vo.

Trang 41/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN III BT DT
III.13
Vng Tn Gi vn vit: D k m o, ninh m To; h v d?
T vit: Bt nhin Hoch ti thin, v s o d.
Dch. Vng Tn Gi (mt i phu cm quyn V) hi: Tc ng
c cu: Nnh thn o, th nnh thn To cn hn, cu y c ngha g?
Khng t p: Khng phi vy. Mc ti vi tri th cu o u cng
v ch.
Ch thch. Thn o l thn trong nh, thn To l thn trong bp.
Thn To thp hn thn o nhng coi vic bp nc, n ung, nn quan
trng hn.
C ngi cho rng Vng Tn Gi ni bng by: Thn o ch V
Linh cng, thn To ch nng Nam T v Di T H, nhng ngi V
Linh cng yu. Khng t nh mun c dng V th ly lng V
Linh cng khng bng ly lng Nam T v Di T H. Khng c tuyt
mt cch kho lo. ng c theo o tri, ngay thng, chng cn ly lng
ai c.
III.14
T vit: Chu gim nh i, c c h vn tai! Ng tng Chu.
Dch. Khng t ni: Nh Chu chm chc l ch ca hai triu i
trc (H, n) nn vn v rc r bit bao! Ta theo Chu.
III.15
T nhp thi miu, mi s vn. Hoc vit: Thc v Tru nhn chi t
tri l h, nhp thi miu, mi s vn52. T vn chi, vit: Th l d.
Dch. Khng t vo thi miu, thy vic g cng hi. C k bo: Ai
bo con ngi t Tru (qu hng ca Khng t L) y bit l. (Nu
bit th sao) vo thi miu, thy g cng hi.
Khng t hay c bo: Nh vy l l y.
Ch thch. V thi miu th Chu cng L, m hi tng cht cho
bit k, l thi knh cn, l l. Khng xu h hi ngi, cng l l
(khim tn) na.

52
on sau y l do ti chp thm: T nhp thi miu, mi s vn. Hoc vit:
Thc v Tru nhn chi t tri l h, nhp thi miu, mi s vn. Nguyn vn ch
Hn:
(Ch y c l thi v c ngha nh ch . (Goldfish).

Trang 42/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN III BT DT
III.16
T vit: X bt ch b, v lc bt ng khoa, c chi o d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Bn (ct trng ch) khng ct xuyn qua tm
da, v sc khng u nhau (ngha l khng phi sc), o xa nh
vy.
III.17
T Cng dc kh Co (thi xa c l cc) sc chi khi (c ngi c
l h) dng. T vit: T d, nh i k dng, ng i k l.
Dch. T Cng mun b vic dng cu trong l Co sc. Khng t
bo: T, anh tic con cu, ta tic cuc l.
Ch thch. i Chu, vo thu hay ng mi nm, thin t ban lch
nm sau cho ch hu, vua ch hu ct vo trong t miu, nm sau mi
m ra coi; c ngy sc (mng mt) mi thng git mt con cu cng
t tin. L l l Co sc.
L xong ri, vua mi hp triu. Vua L b l t lu, khng ti
t miu lm l m c khi ngy mng mt cng khng hp triu na;
nhng ngi ta vn git mt con cu dng t miu. T Cng mun
b hnh thc i, Khng t mun gi li ngi ta ng qun l.
III.18
T vit: S qun tn l, nhn d vi sim d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Th vua ht l th ngi ta cho l nnh.
Ch thch. Khng t than v thi i thi coi vua khng ra g.
III.19
nh cng vn: Qun s thn, thn s qun, nh chi h? Khng t
i vit: Qun s thn d l, thn s qun d trung.
Dch. (Vua L l) nh cng hi: Vua khin b ti, b ti th vua,
phi nh th no? Khng t p: Vua khin b ti phi gi l, b ti
th vua phi trung (ht lng).
III.20
T vit: Th cu53 lc nhi bt dm, ai nhi bt thng.

53
Th cu: Nhiu bn trn mng chp l Quan th (). C ngi gi thin
bt u bng cu: Quan quan th cu () l thin Quan th. (Goldfish).

Trang 43/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN III BT DT
Dch. Khng t ni: Thin Th cu trong Kinh Thi, vui m khng
qu mc, bun m khng thng tn (Ngha l vui bun u trng tit,
va phi).
Ch thch. Ch dm [] y c ngi hiu l dm ng nh ngy
nay; thi xa, h qu mc th u gi l dm.
Thin Th cu u Kinh Thi vinh mt ngi qun t tm mt ngi
thc n ci, tm cha c th c mong, khng ng c; tm
c ri th hng cnh cm st ho hp.
III.21
Ai cng vn x T Ng. T Ng i vit: H hu th d tng, n
nhn d b, Chu nhn d lt, vit: s dn chin lt.
T vn chi, vit: Thnh s bt thuyt, toi s bt gin, k vng bt
cu54.
Dch. (Vua L) Ai cng hi T Ng v vic lp n x55. T Ng
p: Nh H trng cy tng n x, nh n trng cy b, nh Chu
trng cy lt, l c khin dn phi s hi56.
Ch thch. T Ng, tn D, hc tr Khng t.
III.22
T vit: Qun Trng chi kh tiu tai!
Hoc vit: Qun Trng kim h? Vit: Qun th hu tam qui,
quan s bt nhip, yn c kim?
- Nhin tc Qun Trng tri l h? Vit: Bang qun th tc mn,
Qun th dic th tc mn. Bang qun vi lng qun chi hiu hu phn
im; Qun th dic hu phn im. Qun th nhi tri l, thc bt tri l?

54
on ny, ebook ngun khng c li dch. Nguyn Thin Th dch nh sau: c
Khng T nghe ni th qu trch: Vic thnh th khng ni i ni li. Vic
xong, can gin cng v ch. Chuyn qua, khng trch lm chi na! (Goldfish).
55
n x th thn t, bn n trng mt th cy no hp vi kh hu, a
cht, v vy mi thi trng mt loi cy. (Cng c thuyt cho rng bi v th thn
mi thi lm bng mt th g c bit: g tng, bch hay lt).
56
Nh Chu trng cy lt, ch lt ny vi ch lt l run s c nh nhau, dng
thay nhau c. T Ng nhn , ging by nh trn, khin Ai cng ho ra hiu
st.
Khng t ch T Ng ni by, nhng vic qua ri, khng trch na, v c
khuyn T Ng ln sau phi thn trng trong li ni.

Trang 44/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN III BT DT
Dch. Khng t ni: Kh lng ca Qun Trng nh nhen thay!57
C ngi hi: Qun Trng tit kim khng? Khng t p: H Qun
thu thu tam qui58 khng cho gia thn no kim nhip nhiu vic, sao
gi l tit kim c?
- Th Qun Trng c bit l khng? p: Vua T dng bnh
phong che ca, Qun Trng cng dng bnh phong che ca: vua T khi
khon i hai vua nc ngoi, dng ci phn im59. Qun Trng m
bit l th ai m khng bit l?
III.23
T ng L thi60 s nhc vit: Nhc k kh tri d: thy tc, hp nh
d, tng chi, thun nh d, kiu nh d, dch nh d, d thnh.
Dch. Khng t ni v nhc l vi nhc quan nc L: C th bit
c php tu nhc: mi u, cc m thanh phn khi nhit lit; ri ti
khc phng th cc m thanh thun nhin iu ho, r rng, li lin tc
nhau, nh vy l thnh khc nhc.
III.24
Nghi phong nhn thnh kin, vit: Qun t chi ch t d, ng v
thng bt c kin d. Tng gi kin chi.
Xut vit: Nh tam t h hon tng h? Thin h chi v o d cu
h, thin tng d phu t vi mc c.
Dch. Vin quan phong nhn (gi bin cng) p Nghi (ca V)
xin c yt kin Khng t, bo: Bc qun t (tc c o c) no ti
y, khng c ai m ti khng c yt kin. Hc tr theo hu Khng
t thng bo vi thy ri dt v.

57
Qun Trng, tn Di Ng, lm tng quc T Hon cng thi Xun Thu, c ti,
lm cho T thnh mt nc giu mnh, b ch ch hu. Khng t ch Qun Trng
khng c hoi bo vin i, ch thc hnh c b o thi.
58
Tam qui: c rt nhiu thuyt, u kh tin. Cc sch thng ging l i tam qui,
ct i c tc l giu lm, xa x lm. Triu Thng cho tam qui l thu ch. Thu
ch t trc u np v kho nh nc. T Hon cng t khi lm b, thng cng
Qun Trng, cho thu thu ch, cho nn Qun Trng giu lm, ho xa x. Chng ti
tm theo thuyt y.
59
Phn im: ci k p bng t, khi cc ch hu ung ru xong, t chn ln
. Thi ch c vua ch hu mi dng tc mn (bnh phong che ca) v
phn im. Qun Trng dng hai ci l tim v, tri l, v vy m Khng t
ch l khng bit l, kh lng nh nhen.
60
Thi: nguyn vn ch Hn l . (xem ch thch trong bi III.16). (Goldfish)

Trang 45/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN IV L NHN
Vin quan , (yt kin ri) ra bo: My thy ng lo phu t mt
chc. Thin h v o (tc lon) lu ri, Tri s dng phu t lm ci
m g ( tuyn dng gio ho).
III.25
T v Thiu: Tn m h, hu tn thin d, v V: Tn m h, v tn
thin d.
Dch. Khng t khen nhc Thiu: Cc hay li cc tt lnh, khen
nhc V: Cc hay, nhng cha cc tt lnh.
Ch thch. Thiu l nhc ca vua Thun, V l nhc ca V vng
nh Chu. Thun ni vua Nghiu, lm cho thin h thnh tr; V vng
dit Tr cu dn, cng hai ng ngang nhau; nhng Thun c
Nghiu truyn ngi, V phi nh dp thin h mi c ngi. Khng t
cho nh vy l c ca V khng bng ca Thun. M l hay v thanh
iu; thin l xt v ni dung. Bi ny t rng Khng t khng a dng
v lc, khng a cch mng, d l chnh ng. ng thch truyn ngi
cho ngi hin hn l cho con.
III.26
T vit: C thng bt khoan, vi l bt knh, lm tang bt ai, ng h
d quan chi tai.
Dch. Khng t ni: bc trn m khng khoan hng, lm l m
khng nghim tc, gp vic tang m khng bi thng, hng ngi nh
vy cn c g cho ta xt na?
THIN IV L NHN
IV.1
T vit: L nhn vi m. Trch bt x nhn, yn c tr?
Dch. Khng t ni: Lng no c c nhn, l ni y tt. Chn ch
m khng la chn ni c c nhn, th sao gi l sng sut c.
IV.2
T vit: Bt nhn gi, bt kh d cu x c, bt kh d trng x
lc. Nhn gi an nhn, tr gi li nhn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi khng c c nhn th khng th lu
trong cnh khn cng, cng khng th lu trong cnh hoan lc. Ngi
c c nhn vui lng lm iu nhn, ngi thng minh sng sut bit
rng c nhn c li cho mnh v cho ngi nn lm iu nhn.

Trang 46/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN IV L NHN
Ch thch. Ch an nhn v ch li nhn y, ngha cng nh an
nhi hnh chi, li nhi hnh chi trong sch Trung dung.
IV.3
T vit: Duy nhn gi nng hiu nhn, nng nhn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ch c ngi c nhn mi bit yu ngi,
ght ngi (mt cch cng tm, chnh ng).
IV.4
T vit: Cu ch nhn h, v c d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Nu quyt ch thc hnh c nhn th khng
lm iu c.
IV.5
T vit: Ph d qu, th nhn chi s dc d, bt d k o c chi, bt
x d. Bn d tin, th nhn chi s d, bt d k o c chi, bt kh
d. Qun t kh nhn, h thnh danh? Qun t, v chung thc chi gian
vi nhn, tho th tt th, in bi tt th.
Dch. Khng t ni: Giu v sang, ngi ta ai cng mun, nhng
chng phi o m c giu sang th ngi qun t chng thm.
Ngho v hn, ngi ta ai cng ght, nhng chng li o m phi
ngho th ngi qun t chng b61.
- Ngi qun t m b c nhn th lm sao c gi l qun t?
- Ngi qun t d trong ba n (mt thi gian ngn) cng khng lm
tri iu nhn, d trong lc v vng cng theo iu nhn.
IV.6
T vit: Ng v kin hiu nhn gi, bt nhn gi. Hiu nhn gi, v
d thng chi; bt nhn gi, k vi nhn h, bt s bt nhn gi gia h k
thn. Hu nng nht nht dng k lc nhn h? Ng v kin lc bt tc
gi. Ci hu chi h, ng v chi kin d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta cha thy ai tht ham iu nhn v ai tht
ght iu bt nhn, Ngi tht ham iu nhn th khng cho iu g hn
iu nhn; ngi tht ght iu bt nhn th khi lm iu nhn khng
cho iu bt nhn vng vo mnh. C ai trn ngy tn lc lm iu

61
Bt d k o c ch c th hiu l khng ng c m c, khng ng b
m b.
C sch chm cu: bt d k o, c chi bt x d bt d k o, c chi bt
x d, ngha i khi cng nh vy.

Trang 47/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN IV L NHN
nhn chng? Ta cha thy ai khng sc lm iu nhn c. Hoc c
chng m ta cha thy.
IV.7
T vit: Nhn chi qu d, cc k ng. Quan qu, t tri nhn h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Li ca mt ngi thuc v tng loi. Xt mt
ngi phm nhng li no, c th bit ngi c c nhn hay
khng.
Ch thch. Th d: ngi c c nhn, thng mc li qu hu, qu
thng ngi; ngi thiu c nhn thng ngc li, qu bc, qu tn
nhn.
C ngi cho rng ch nhn [] trong t tri nhn h nn sa l []
(ngi) v ging l: bit c hng ngi no, nh vy d hiu hn,
nhng ngha tm thng.
IV.8
T vit: Triu vn o, tch t kh h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Sng c nghe o l, ti cht cng c
(khng hn).
IV.9
T vit: S ch o nhi s c y c thc gi, v tc d ngh d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi no ch vo o m thn v ci n
ci mc th cha th em o bn c.
IV.10
T vit: Qun t chi thin h d, v thch (c sch c l ch) d,
v mc d, ngha chi d t.
Dch. Khng t ni: Cch x s ca ngi qun t khng nht
nh phi nh vy mi c, khng nht nh nh kia l khng c, c
hp ngha th lm.
Ch thch. Thi l v kh, v bt kh.
IV.11
T vit: Qun t hoi c, tiu nhn hoi th62, qun t hoi hnh,
tiu nhn hoi hu.
62
Tiu nhn hoi th (): C l c Nguyn Hin L cho ch th, tng
t vi cch gii thch trn trang
http://www.yulutx.com/%E5%90%9B%E5%AD%90%E6%80%80%E5%BE%B7

Trang 48/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN IV L NHN
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t ngh lm sao cho o c tng
tin, k tiu nhn ngh lm sao cho i sng c yn n; ngi qun t
ngh lm sao khi tri vi php nc, k tiu nhn ngh lm sao c n
hu ngi khc.
IV.12
T vit: Phng li nhi hnh, a on.
Dch. Khng t ni: Hnh ng m theo li th gy nhiu on
(Ngi on mnh m mnh cng on ngi).
IV.13
T vit: Nng d l nhng vi quc h h hu? Bt nng d l
nhng vi quc, nh l h?
Dch. Khng t ni: Bit dng l nhng tr nc th c kh g
u? Nu khng dng l nhng tr nc th d c l ch tt cng nh
khng?
IV.14
T vit: Bt hon v v, hon s d lp. Bt hon mc k tri, cu vi
kh tri d.
Dch. Khng t ni: ng lo khng c chc v, ch lo khng ti
c nhn chc v. ng lo khng ai bit mnh, ch mong sao mnh c
ti c cho ngi ta bit n.
IV.15
T vit: Sm h! Ng o nht d qun chi. Tng t vit: Duy. T
xut, mn nhn vn vit: H v d? Tng t vit: Phu t chi o,
trung th nhi d h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Sm ny! o ca ta ch c mt l m thng
sut c. Tng t tha: D.
Khng t ra ri, cc mn sinh khc hi Tng t: Thy mun ni g
vy? Tng t p: o ca thy ch c trung, th63 m thi.

_ana_4228, c ngha l an dt chi x . C ngi hiu th l a


li, cng c ngi hiu th l hng th. (Goldfish).
63
Trung l lm ht sc mnh; th l suy lng mnh m bit lng ngi, mnh khng
mun iu g th ngi cng khng mun iu .
[Trong cun Khng t, c Nguyn Hin L bo: nhn [tc c nhn] c hai
phn: tch cc v tiu cc. Tch cc l k dc lp nhi nhp nhn, k dc t nhi t
nhn ( l c trung, yu ngi, ht lng vi ngi); tiu cc l k s bt dc vt

Trang 49/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN IV L NHN
IV.16
T vit: Qun t d ngha, tiu nhn d li.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t hiu r v ngha, k tiu nhn
hiu r v li.
Ch thch. Hiu r ngha l thch ngha. Hiu r li nn thch li.
C sch bn thm: V tiu nhn hiu r v li, thch li, cho nn ngi
qun t (tr dn) ring v mnh th khng nn ni v li, nhng phi xt
ci li ca tiu nhn (dn) m lm li cho h.
IV.17
T vit: Kin hin, t t yn; kin bt hin nhi ni t tnh d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Thy ngi hin th mong lm sao bng
ngi; thy ngi bt hin th phi t xt mnh (c mc tt ca ngi
khng).
IV.18
T vit: S ph mu ki gin, kin ch bt tng, hu knh bt vi; lao
nhi bt on.
Dch. Khng t ni: Th cha m, nn nh nh khuyn can, nu thy
cha m khng theo mnh th vn cung knh m khng xc phm cha
m; tuy kh nhc, lo bun, nhng khng c on hn.
IV.19
T vit: Ph mu ti, bt vin du. Du tt hu phng.
Dch. Khng t ni: Cha m cn th con khng nn i chi xa. Nu
i th phi c ni nht nh.
IV.20
T vit: Tam nin v ci ph chi o, kh v hiu h.
(Bi ny trng vi na di bi I.11, nn khng dch li).

thi nhn (y l c th. Ch th gm ch nh trn, ch tm di [tc ],


ngha l suy lng mnh m bit c lng ngi, mnh mun ci g th ngi cng
mun ci , vy nn lm cho ngi nhng ci m mnh mun v ng lm cho
ngi nhng ci m mnh khng mun). Nhn l trung, th, tc l o i vi
ngi, nhng ng thi cng l o i vi mnh na: k dc lp, k dc t; mnh
phi mun lp thn, thnh cng th mi c th gip ngi lp thn, thnh cng
c. Nhn va l tu thn va l i nhn, va l x k va l tip vt. (Goldfish)].

Trang 50/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN V CNG D TRNG
IV.21
T vit: Ph mu chi nin, bt kh bt tri d: nht tc d h, nht tc
d c.
Dch. Khng t ni: Tui ca cha m, khng th khng bit: mt l
mng (v cha m sng lu), mt l lo (v cha m gi yu).
IV.22
T vit: C gi ngn chi bt xut, s cung chi bt i d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi xa thn trng li ni, s s xu h nu
ni m lm khng c.
IV.23
T vit: D c tht chi gi tin h.
Dch. Khng t ni: t c ngi bit t tit ch m phm li.
Ch thch. C th hiu l: Ngi no bit t ch (khng phng
tng) th t khi phm ti.
IV.24
T vit: Qun t nt ngn, nhi mn hnh.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t chm chp (thn trng) v li
ni, m mau mn v vic lm.
IV.25
T vit: c bt c, tt hu ln.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi c c th khng c c, tt c ngi
ng o kt bn vi mnh nh u th c lng ging .
IV.26
T Du vit: S qun sc, t nhc h; bng hu sc, t s h.
Dch. T Du ni: Th vua m can gin nhiu ln qu th s b
nhc, chi bn m can gin nhiu ln qu th bn s xa mnh.
Ch thch. C ngi hiu sc [] l thn mt qu; v bi ny
nh trong cu: Qun t chi giao m nh thu: ngi qun t lnh
nht nh nc l trong s giao thip, khng v vp qu.
Li c ngi hiu sc l khoe cng lao (!)
THIN V CNG D TRNG

Trang 51/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN V CNG D TRNG
V.1
T v Cng D Trng: Kh th d. Tuy ti luy tit chi trung, phi k ti
d. D k t th chi.
T v Nam Dung64: Bang hu o bt ph; bang v o min hnh
lc. D k huynh chi t th chi.
Dch. Khng t khen Cng D Trng65: C th g con gi cho tr
y. Tuy b t, nhng khng phi ti ca n. Ri em con gi g cho.
Khng t khen Nam Dung: Nc c o (chnh tr tt) tr y tt
c dng; nc m v o (chnh tr xu, hn m) th khng b hnh
pht. Ri em con gi ca ng g cho.
V.2
T v T Tin66: Qun t ti nhc nhn; L v qun t gi, t yn
th t?
Dch. Khng t khen T Tin: Qun t thay T Tin! Nc L m
khng c ngi qun t th tr y lm sao c c phm cch nh vy.
V.3
T Cng vn vit: T d h nh? T vit: Nh, kh d. Vit: H
kh d? Vit: H lin d.
Dch. T Cng hi: Cn T (tn T Cng) con nh th no?
Khng t p: Anh nh mt dng.
Li hi: Th dng no?
p: Nh ci h lin (Mt th lin p, qu dng ng xi
cng).
Ch thch. Thy Khng t khen T Tin, T Cng cng mun c
thy khen nn hi nh vy, Khng t p: Nh mt dng, ni T
Cng ch dng vo c mt vic, cha c vo hng a ti. (kh coi
II.12). T Cng chc hi tht vng li hi na. Khng t an i: Tuy l
mt dng nhng l mt dng qu.

64
Nam Dung (S k ca T M Thin chp l Nam Cung Qut, h Nam Cung, t l
T Dung) l hc tr Khng t. Coi thm bi XI.5.
65
Cng D Trng, h Cng D, tn Trng, t l T Trng, ngi T, hc tr
Khng t.
66
T Tin, h Mt, tn l Bt T, t l T Tin, hc tr Khng t.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN V CNG D TRNG
V.4
Hoc vit: Ung d nhn nhi bt nnh. T vit: Yn dng nnh? Ng
nhn d khu cp, l tng nhn. Bt tri k nhn, yn dng nnh?
Dch. C ngi bo vi Khng t: Thy Ung67 l ngi nhn
nhng khng c ti n ni. Khng t p: Cn g phi dng ti n
ni? Ung i vi ngi, m kho bin lun, thng b ngi ta bit thi.
Ta khng bit anh y c c nhn khng, nhng cn g phi dng ti n
ni.
V.5
T s Tt iu Khai s. i vit: Ng t chi v nng tn. T duyt.
Dch. Khng t bo Tt iu Khai ra lm quan. Tt iu Khai p:
Con cha tin mnh c th lm quan c. Khng t vui lng.
V.6
T vit: o bt hnh, tha phu ph hi, tng ng gi, k Do d?
T L vn chi h. T vit: Do d, hiu dng qu ng, v s th ti.
Dch. Khng t ni: o ca ta khng thi hnh c, ta s ci b
vt bin (i nc ngoi, c th tr Triu Tin) ngi theo ta c l l
anh Do chng? T L nghe vy mng. Khng t ni tip: Anh Do hiu
dng hn ta, nhng ta cha c ti liu (g) lm b.
Ch thch. Ch ti [] (l ti liu), c nh ngh ch ti [] ngha l
tit ch, chn la, (ch T L hiu dng nhng khng sng sut) hoc
l: khng bit xt on, khng hiu rng Khng t ch mun ni a,
ch u c b Trung Quc m i.
Li c nh bo ch ti [] chnh l tai []68 v Khng t ch T
L l hiu dng, nhng v dng. Cch hiu sai. T L l mt hc tr
gii, (coi bi di y), khng l g Khng t ch nh vy.
V.7
Mnh V B vn: T L nhn h? T vit: Bt tri d. Hu vn.
T vit: Do d, thin thng chi quc kh s tr k ph69; bt tri k nhn
d.

67
Ung l tn, Nhim l h, t l Trng Cung, hc tr Khng t.
68
Bn Hn ti ghi thm trn da theo li gii thch trn trang
http://www.dfg.cn/big5/chtwh/ssjz/47-lunyu-gych.htm). (Goldfish).
69
Ph chnh ngha l thu rung nui binh, ri sau dng ch binh lnh.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN V CNG D TRNG
- Cu d h nh? T vit: Cu d, thin tht chi p, bch thng chi
gia, kh s vi chi t d; bt tri k nhn d?
- Xch d h nh? T vit: Xch d, thc i lp triu, kh s d
tn khch ngn d; bt tri k nhn d.
Dch. Mnh V B70 hi: Thy T L phi l ngi nhn khng.
Khng t p: Khng bit. Li hi na, Khng t bo: Anh Do c
th iu khin qun i mt nc c ngn binh xa; cn nhn hay khng
th khng bit.
- Thy Cu l ngi th no? Khng t p: Anh Cu c th lm
quan t cai tr mt p c ngn nh hoc mt thi p (ca mt qu tc) c
trm binh xa; cn nhn hay khng th khng bit.
- Thy Xch71 l ngi th no? Khng t p: Anh Xch c th
tht ai (bn l phc) ng triu nh tip i tn khch; cn nhn
hay khng th khng bit.
V.8
T v T Cng vit: Nh d Hi d, thc d? i vit: T d h
cm vng Hi, Hi d, vn nht d tri thp, T d, vn nht d tri nh.
T vit: Pht nh d. Ng d nh pht nh d.
Dch. Khng t hi T Cng: Anh vi anh Hi, ai hn? T Cng
p: T con u dm c nh anh Hi. Anh y nghe mt bit mi,
con nghe mt ch bit hai. Khng t bo: Phi, anh khng bng. Ta
ng vi anh rng anh khng bng anh Hi.
Ch thch. Cu cui Hn nho hiu l: ta vi anh u khng bng
anh Hi v bo Khng t mun an i T Cng ng bun. Nh vy th
ch d l lin t ch khng phi ng t. Kh bit c thuyt no l
ng.
V.9
T D tr tm. T vit: H mc bt kh iu d, phn th chi tng
bt kh d. d d h tru?
T vit: Thy ng nhn d, thnh k ngn nhi tn k hnh; kim ng
nhn d, thnh k ngn nhi quan k hnh. D d ci th.

70
Mnh V B chnh l Mnh V B trong bi II.6. (Goldfish).
71
Xch l tn, Cng Ty l h, T Hoa l t; cng gi l Cng Ty Hoa, ngi L,
hc tr Khng t c v uy nghi.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN V CNG D TRNG
Dch. T D ng ngy, Khng t bo: G mc khng th chm
khc c, vch bng t d khng th trt c? i vi tr D, cn
trch lm g?
Ri Khng t li ni: Mi u, i vi ngi, ta nghe li ni m tin
vic lm, nay i vi ngi ta nghe li ni m cn phi xem vic lm
na. V tr D m ta thay i nh vy.
Ch thch. Khng t ch T D (T Ng) trong bi III.21.
V.10
T vit: Ng v kin cng gi. Hoc i vit: Thn Trnh. T
vit: Trnh d dc, yn c cng.
Dch. Khng t bo: Ta cha thy ngi no cng cng. C
ngi ni: C Thn Trnh. Khng t p: Thn Trnh nhiu th dc
sao gi l cng cng c.
Ch thch. Ngi cng cng th t ch c m bt khut. Ngi
th dc nhiu qu kh t ch v bt khut c.
Thn Trnh l hc tr Khng t.
V.11
T Cng vit: Ng bt dc nhn chi gia ch ng d. Ng dic dc v
gia ch nhn. T vit: T d, Phi nh s cp d.
Dch. T Cng ni: iu g (xu) ti khng mun ngi ta lm cho
ti th ti cng khng mun lm cho mnh.
Khng t bo: T, anh khng c nh vy u.
Ch thch. Cu ca T Cng ngha y nh cu: K s bt dc, vt
thi nhn72. Theo c cu y l c c nhn.
V.12
T Cng vit: Phu t chi vn chng, kh c nhi vn d, phu t chi
ngn tnh d thin o, bt kh c nhi vn d.
Dch. T Cng ni: Cng trnh nghin cu v vn ha (nh Thi,
Th, L, Nhc) ca thy (tc Khng t) th chng ta c nghe, cn
quan nim v thin tnh v o tri ca thy th chng ta khng c
nghe.
Ch thch. Danh t vn chng thi khc vi thi nay, m tr
nhng in tch c. C ngi hiu: vn chng l o c, vn t.

72
Cu ny trong bi XII.2 sau. (Goldfish).

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DCH V CH THCH THIN V CNG D TRNG
V.13
T L hu vn, v chi nng hnh, duy khng hu vn.
Dch. T L nghe c iu g m cha kp thi hnh c th s
c nghe thm iu khc.
Ch thch. Cu ny chc ca mn sinh nhn nh v T L.
V.14
T Cng vn vit: Khng Vn T h d v chi Vn d?
T vit: Mn nhi hiu hc, bt s h vn, th d v chi Vn d.
Dch. T Cng hi: ng Khng Vn t73 sao c t cho tn thu
l Vn? Khng t p: Thng minh m li hiu hc khng thn hi
ngi km mnh, v vy c t tn thu l Vn.
V.15
T v T Sn: Hu qun t chi o t yn, k hnh k d cung, k s
thng d knh, k dng dn d hu, k s dn d ngha.
Dch. Khng t khen T Sn74: ng y c bn iu hp vi o
ngi qun t: gi mnh th khim cung, th vua th knh cn, nui dn
th c n hu, sai dn th hp tnh l (hp ngha).
V.16
T vit: n Bnh Trng75 thin d nhn giao, cu nhi knh chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: n Bnh Trng kho c x vi bn, lu ngy
m vn tn knh bn.
V.17
T vit: Tang Vn Trng c thi, sn tit to chuyt, h nh k tr
d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Tang Vn Trng lm nh cho con thi
(mt con ra ln dng bi), u ct khc hnh ni, x nh v rong
ru, sao c gi l ngi tr (sng sut).
73
Khng Vn t l mt i phu nc V, tn Ng, Vn l tn thu, tc tn t cho
ngi cht, theo hnh vi ca ngi lc cn sng.
74
T Sn tn l Cng Tn Kiu, mt i phu c ti c ca nc Trnh (sinh trc
Khng t t nm), cm quyn nc Trnh 22 nm.
75
n Bnh Trng, h n, tn Anh, t l Trng, tn thu l Bnh, lm mt i phu
c ti c ca nc T.
C ngi bo ch chi [] cui bi tr n Bnh Trng: lu ngy m vn c
bn knh n. Thuyt t ngi theo.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN V CNG D TRNG
Ch thch. Ch thin t mi ct nh v dng nhng trang sc nh
vy trong thi miu nui ra thi, Tang Vn Trng l mt i phu
m hnh ng nh thin t l tri l. Cn mt l na: Tang sa hoa qu,
li m tn, tng trng con thi nh vy th n s ph h cho mnh,
qu l bt tr.
Tang Vn T, h Tang Tn, tn Thn, l mt i phu nc L.
V.18
T Trng vn vit: Lnh don T Vn, tam s vi lnh don, v h
sc; tam d chi, v un sc. Cu lnh don chi chnh, tt d co tn lnh
don. H nh?
T vit: Trung h. Vit: Nhn h h? Vit: V tri. Yn c nhn?
- Thi T th T qun, Trn Vn t hu m thp thng, kh nhi vi chi.
Ch tha bang, tc vit: Do ng i phu Thi t d Vi chi. Chi nht
bang, tc hu vit: Do ng i phu Thi t d Vi chi h nh.
T vit: Thanh h. Vit: Nhn h h? Vit: V tri. Yn c
nhn?
Dch. T Trng hi: Quan lnh don (t tng nc S) T Vn
ba ln lm lnh don m khng mng, ba ln b bi chc m khng on
hn, li em vic c bn giao cho quan lnh don mi. Ngi nh th ra
sao?
Khng t p: Trung thc y. Li hi: C phi l ngi nhn
khng? p: Cha bit. C g chc gi l ngi nhn.
- (T Trng hi thm): Thi t76 git vua T. Trn Vn t c mi
c xe (mi c xe c bn nga) b m i. n mt nc khc bo: Quan
i phu chp chnh y cng khng hn quan i phu Thi t nc
ta, ri li b i. Ti mt nc khc, li bo: Quan i phu chp chnh
y cng khng hn quan i phu Thi t nc ta, ri li b i.
Ngi nh th ra sao?
Khng t p: Trong sch y. Li hi: C phi l ngi nhn
khng? p: Cha bit77. C g chc gi c l ngi nhn.

76
Thi t tn l Tr, i phu nc T, git T Trang cng. Trn Vn t tn l Tu
V cng lm i phu nc T.
77
Phng Hu Lan trong Trung Quc trit hc s c ch tri [] l tr v ging
Trn Vn t, cha l ngi tr (sao c l ngi nhn).

Trang 57/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN V CNG D TRNG
V.19
Qu Vn t tam t nhi hu hnh. T vn chi vit: Ti t kh h.
Dch. (Quan i phu nc L l) Qu Vn t (gp vic g cng) suy
ngh ba ln ri mi hnh ng. Khng t nghe c bo: Hai ln thi
cng ri.
V.20
T vit: Ninh V t, bang hu o tc tr, bang v o tc ngu. K tr
kh cp d, k ngu bt kh cp d.
Dch. Khng t ni: ng Ninh V t (i phu nc V), khi nc
c o (chnh tr tt) th t ra l ngi tr; khi nc v o (chnh tr
xu) th lm ra v ngu. Ci tr ca ng, ta theo kp, ci ngu ca ng, ta
khng theo kp.
V.21
T ti Trn vit: Quy d, qui d? Ng ng chi tiu t cung gin, ph
nhin thnh chng, bt tri s d ti chi.
Dch. Khng t nc Trn bo: V thi, v thi! Mn sinh qu
hng ta c tr ln nhng khng thn trng (nng ni) c vn thi r
rng, nhng khng bit t ch ti mnh.
Ch thch. Lc ny Khng t chn ngn v khng thi hnh c o
trong thin h, m li gp nhiu iu chng may, nn mun tr v L,
ch bo, hng dn thanh nin theo o trung chnh, sa li cung
gin ca h.
V.22
T vit: B Di, Thc T bt nim cu c, on th dng hi.
Dch. Khng t ni: B Di v Thc T khng nh iu xu ca
ngi, nn t on ai.
Ch thch. B Di v Thc T u l con vua C Trc, khng chu
nhn ngi vua, b i n; sau gip vua Vn vng lm ngi c c.
Nhng khi V vng (con Vn vng) em qun nh Tr nh Thng,
hai ng khng can c, vo n trong ni Th Dng, chu cht i.
Coi truyn trong b S K ca T M Thin.
On th dng hi c ngi hiu l: t ngi on hai ng y. Nhng
bi VII.14 Khng t c ni: cu nhn c nhn, hu h on? (hai
ng y) cu nhn th c nhn, cn on ci g? V vy chng ti dch
l nn t on ai, ch khng dch l t b ngi ta on.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN V CNG D TRNG
V.23
T vit: Thc v Vi Sinh Cao78 trc? Hoc kht yn, kht ch k ln
nhi d chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ai bo Vi Sinh Cao l ngay thng? C ngi
n xin gim, ng xin ca hng xm m cho.
V.24
T vit: Xo ngn, lnh sc, tc cung, T Khu Minh79 s chi, Khu
dic s chi. Nc on nhi hu k nhn,T Khu Minh s chi, Khu dic s
chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ni nng kho lo, nt mt gi b nim n,
thi qu cung knh, ng T Khu Minh ly vy lm xu h, Khu ny
cng ly vy lm xu h. Giu lng on m b ngoi lm b thn thin
vi ngi, ng T Khu Minh ly vy lm xu h, Khu ny cng ly
vy lm xu h.
V.25
Nhan Uyn, Qu L th. T vit: Hp cc ngn nh ch?
T L vit: Nguyn xa m, y khinh cu, d bng hu cng, t chi nhi
v hm.
Nhan Uyn vit: Nguyn v pht thin, v thi lao.
T L vit: Nguyn vn t chi ch.
T vit: Lo gi an chi, bng hu tn chi, thiu gi hoi chi.
Dch. Nhan Uyn v Qu L theo hu. Khng t bo: Sao khng k
ch hng ca cc anh cho ta nghe?
T L tha: Con mong c xe, nga, o lng cu nh cc bn cng
hng, d c h nt, con cng khng hn.

78
Vi Sinh Cao l ngi nc L. Gim l vt thng dng, c th cho, khng c
th thi, h tt phi xin ca ngi khc cho, nh vy khng t nhin, cu c
ting tt, nn Khng t ch. C ngi cho rng chnh l Vi Sinh Cao, con ngi
trng ch tn n ni hn vi mt ngi con gi di cu, ngi khng ti,
nc thu triu dng ln, Vi c m cht ct cu m chu cht! Thuyt e khng
ng.
79
T Khu Minh lm quan Thi s (chp s) nc L. S k ca T M Thin cho
ng l tc gi b T truyn v Quc ng, thuyt cha ng tin, v theo nay th
T Khu Minh hoc sinh trc hoc ng thi vi Khng t, m T truyn vit
thi Chin Quc, sau khi Khng t mt.

Trang 59/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VI UNG D
Nhan Uyn tha: Con khng mun khoe iu hay, k cng lao ca
con.
T L tha: Xin thy cho chng con bit ch thy.
Khng t p: Ta mun cc ngi gi c an vui, cc bn b tin
ln nhau, cc tr em c sn sc v v (nh vy l mun truyn o,
ci to x hi).
Hoc: Ta mun cc ngi gi yn lng ni ta, cc bn b tin cy ni
ta, cc ngi tr c an i ni80 ta (nh vy l mun mnh gi c
o hiu thun vi ngi gi, o thnh tn vi bn, thi n vi ngi
tr).
V.26
T vit: D h h, ng v kin nng, kin k qu nhi ni t tng gi
d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ht ri (hoc qu ri), ta cha thy ngi no
thy li ca mnh m t trch mnh c.
V.27
T vit: Thp tht chi p, tt hu trung tn nh Khu gi yn, bt nh
Khu chi hiu hc d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Trong mt p mi nh, tt c ngi trung tn
nh Khu, nhng khng c ai ham hc nh Khu ny.
THIN VI UNG D
VI.1
T vit: Ung d kh s nam din.
Trng Cung vn T Tang B t. T vit: Kh d, gin.
Trng Cung vit: C knh nhi hnh gin, d lm k dn, bt dic kh
h? C gin nhi hnh gin, v ni i gin h. T vit: Ung chi ngn
nhin81.
Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Cung c th lm vua c82.

80
Lm Ng ng hiu l: ta mun ngi tr yu ngi ln (?).
81
Cu T vit: Ung chi ngn nhin l do ti chp thm. Nguyn vn ch Hn:
. (Goldfish).
82
Thi , vua cha quay mt v hng Nam mi khi hp triu nn nam din c
ngha l vua.

Trang 60/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VI UNG D
Trng Cung (tc Nhim Ung) hi T Tang B t ra sao. Khng t
p: Cng c (hoc cng kh), gin d83. Trng Cung bo: T
mnh th cung knh, m gin d trong vic tr dn, chng phi l gin d
trong vic tr dn, chng l tt ? Nu t mnh th gin d (xu xo) m
gin d trong vic tr dn, chng phi l gin d thi qu sao? Khng t
bo: Anh Ung ni phi .
VI.2
Ai Cng vn: t thc vi hiu hc? Khng t i vit: Hu Nhan
Hi gi hiu hc, bt thin n, bt nh qu; bt hnh on mnh t h,
kim d tc v84, v vn hiu hc gi d.
Dch. Vua L Ai cng hi: Hc tr ca thy, ai l ngi hiu hc?
Khng t p: C Nhan Hi l ngi hiu hc, khng gin ly, khng
phm mt li no ti hai ln; chng may mt sm ri, nay khng c
ngi no nh vy na, ti khng nghe ni c ai hiu hc c.
Ch thch. Chng ta : hiu hc theo Khng t l ham sa mnh,
hc o.
VI.3
T Hoa85 s T, Nhim t86 vi k mu thnh tc.
T vit: D chi ph. Thnh ch. Vit: D chi du. Nhim t d
chi tc ng bnh. T vit: Xch chi thch T d, tha ph m, y khinh
cu. Ng vn chi d: Qun t chu cp bt k ph.
83
Gin y c ngha l khng dng chnh lnh phin h, t ng cn c ngha
l khoan dung na. T Tang B t gin d thi qu, c khi s sng, khng mc o,
khng i m, thiu c cung knh, uy nghi ca mt ng vua, nn Nhim Ung ch,
v Khng t nhn Nhim Ung c l.
Bn ch C knh hnh gin trong bi ny tm tt t cch ng vua v chnh sch
tr dn ca o Khng.
84
V: nguyn vn ch Hn l (xem li ch thch trong bi III.5). (Goldfish).
85
T Hoa, tc Cng Ty Xch, coi bi V.7, hc tr Khng t.
86
Nhim t, tc Nhim Hu, coi bi III.6. Nguyn T h Nguyn, tn Hin, t l
T D, ngi L, hc tr Khng t. Trong truyn trn (T Hoa i s T), c l
Nhim Hu l gia thn qun k vic nh ca Qu Th, m Qu Th cm quyn L;
cn Khng t lm t khng, hay t khu, phi T Hoa i s T. Trong truyn
di, Nguyn T lm gia thn ca Khng t, m Khng t lm t khu, c quyn
dng gia thn qun l vic nh cho nn c theo l m cp cho Nguyn T. Nguyn
T vn ngho m thanh lim, thy bng lc nhiu qu, t chi. Khng t khuyn
c d th pht cho ngi ngho. Hai truyn trn cho ta bit cch dng tin ca
Khng t; chu cp th cho ngi ngho ch khng cho ngi giu; pht lng th
theo l nh nc.

Trang 61/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VI UNG D
Nguyn T vi chi t. D chi tc cu bch. T. T vit: V! D d nh
ln l, hng ng h?
Dch. T Hoa i s nc T, Nhim Hu xin cp la cho m T
Hoa. Khng t bo: Cp cho mt ph (6 u 4 thng). Nhim Hu xin
thm, Khng t bo: Cho mt du (16 u). Nhim t cp cho mt
bnh (16 hc, mi hc l 10 u). Khng t bo: Anh Xch i sang T,
ci nga mp, mc o cu nh ( ni giu sang). Ta nghe ni: Ngi
qun t chu cp cho k ngho ch khng lm giu thm cho ngi
giu.
Nguyn T lm quan T. Khng t pht cho chn87 trm (hc hay u,
khng r). Nguyn T t chi. Khng t ni: ng! Sao khng em la
cp cho nhng ngi ngho trong lng xm, lng ging?
VI.4
T v Trng Cung88 vit: L ngu chi t, tuynh (hoc tinh) th gic,
tuy dc vt dng, sn xuyn k x ch?
Dch. Khng t ni v Trng Cung: Con ca con b lang89 lng
m sng ngay ngn; d ngi ta khng mun dng n lm vt cng t
(v ch n l con ca b lang) nhng thn ni sng u c b n (m
khng hng).
VI.5
T vit: Hi d, k tm tam nguyt bt vi nhn, k d tc nht nguyt
ch yn nhi d h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Hi (Nhan Uyn), lng ba thng khng
la o nhn, cn cc anh khc, mt ngy, mt thng l cng.
VI.6
Qu Khang t vn: Trng Do kh s tng chnh d d? T vit: Do
d qu, tng chnh h h hu? Vit: T d, kh s tng chnh d
d? Vit: T d t, tng chnh h h hu? Vit: Cu d, kh s
tng chnh d d? Vit: Cu d ngh, tng chnh h h hu?

87
C sch chp l ng (nm).
88
Trng Cung, tc Nhim Ung l ngi hin, nhng cha hn h li lm vic c.
Khng t v Trng Cung vi con b lang: Khng nn v li lm ca cha m khng
dng con.
89
L ngu: c sch ging l b cy, thi ngi ta khng dng b cy m b
nui ring cng qu thn.

Trang 62/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VI UNG D
Dch. Qu Khang t hi: Thy Trng Do (T L) c th tng s
chnh tr (tc lm quan i phu) c khng? Khng t p: Trng
Do l ngi quyt on, tng s chnh tr c g m khng c? Hi:
Thy T (T Cng) c th tng s chnh tr c khng? Khng t
p: T thng hiu s l, tng s chnh tr c g m khng c? Hi:
Thy Cu (Nhim Hu) c th tng s chnh tr c khng? p:
Cu ti ngh, tng s chnh tr c g m khng c?
VI.7
Qu Th s Mn T Khin90 vi Ph (hoc B) t. Mn T Khin vit:
Thin vi ng t yn. Nh hu phc ng gi, tc ng tt ti Vn thng
h.
Dch. H Qu sai Mn T Khin lm quan t t Ph. Mn T Khin
ni vi s gi: ng kho t chi dm cho ti. Nu triu ti ln na th
ti s ln b pha Bc sng Vn (tc trn qua T).
VI.8
B Ngu91 hu tt, T vn chi, t d chp k th, vit: V92 chi, mnh
h ph? T nhn d nhi hu t tt d!93.
Dch. B Ngu au, Khng t li thm, ng ngoi ca s, nm tay
B Ngu, bo: V l! Do mnh tri chng? Con ngi nh vy m b
bnh !

90
Mn T Khin, tn Tn l hc tr Khng t, ch h Qu tim l, lon chnh,
khng chu lm quan cho h Qu. Ph l p ca h Qu. Vn l con sng ranh gii
gia T v L.
91
B Ngu, h Nhim, tn Canh, ngi L, mt hc tr c c hnh ca Khng t.
Cc hc gi thi xa cho ch tt l c tt v bo B Ngu b bnh ci, nhng
khng c chng c g c. Khng t ng ngoi ca s m khng v nh, Chu Hi
ging nh vy: Theo L, ngi bnh nm ca s pha Bc, vua ti thm th ri
sang ca s pha Nam, vua nhn sang pha Nam m hi thm (vua th nam
din coi ch thch bi VI.1). Nh B Ngu mun dng l y t lng tn knh
Khng t. Khng t khng nhn, nn khng v nh, ch l mt cch ging (Coi
cch Khng t (au) nm tip vua khi vua li thm, bi X.13). C th Khng t
mi ti, cha kp v, thy B Ngu nm , hi thm lin.
92
Ch [], nhiu sch c l vong, ging l: cht mt!, khng qua khi c.
Chng ti theo cch c l iang [?] ca Lu Bo Nam, do Triu Thng dn trong
Lun ng dch ch.
93
Cu T nhn d nhi hu t tt d! () nhiu bn ch Hn
trn mng chp hai ln. (Goldfish).

Trang 63/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VI UNG D
VI.9
T vit: Hin tai, Hi d! Nht an t, nht biu m, ti lu hng,
nhn bt kham k u. Hi d bt ci k lc. Hin tai, Hi d!
Dch. Khng t ni: Hin thay, anh Hi. Mt gi cm, mt bu
nc, trong ng hm, ngi khc u su khng chu ni cnh khn
kh . Anh Hi th khng i nim vui. Hin thay, anh Hi!
VI.10
Nhim Cu vit: Phi bt duyt t chi o, lc bt tc d. T vit:
Lc bt tc gi, trung o nhi ph, kim nh hoch.
Dch. Nhim Cu tha: Khng phi con khng thch o ca thy,
ch ti sc con khng (khng theo kp). Khng t bo: Nu sc
khng th na ng b d; cn anh th t vch gii hn khng
tin na.
VI.11
T v T H vit: Nh vi qun t nho, v vi tiu nhn nho.
Dch. Khng t bo T H: Anh nn lm nh nho qun t, khng
nn lm nh nho tiu nhn.
Ch thch. Theo sch Thuyt vn th nho c trc Khng t t
lu v mi u tr cc thut s, ti thi Khng t tr i, mi tr nhng
ngi tr thc chun b ra lm quan; t sau Khng t tr i, mi tr
nhng ngi theo o Khng. Khng t khuyn T H ng nn lm
mt nh nho (ngi tr thc) ch c ti ngh m thi, m nn lm mt
nh nho qun t, c o c: T H gii v vn hc, Khng t mun
cho T H c c o c cao na.
VI.12
T Du vi V Thnh t. T vit: Nh c nhn yn nh h? Vit:
Hu am i Dit Minh94 gi, hnh bt do knh, phi cng s, v thng
ch Yn chi tht d.
Dch. T Du lm chc t p V Thnh. (t cng nh trng, cm
u mt c quan hay cai tr mt ni). Khng t hi: Anh tm c
ngi no tt cha. T Du p: C am i Dit Minh; ngi y
khng theo ng tt, khng v vic cng th khng n nh Yn con.

94
V Thnh: mt p nh ca nc L. am i Dit Minh: h am i, tn Dit
Minh, t T V, ngi p V Thnh (theo
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_50a4d1310100khcm.html). (Goldfish).

Trang 64/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VI UNG D
VI.13
T vit: Mnh Chi Phn95 bt pht. Bn nhi in, tng nhp mn,
sch k m, vit: Phi cm hu d, m bt tin d.
Dch. Khng t ni: ng Mnh Ch Phn khng khoe cng. Khi
thua chy, ng li sau qun. Lc sp vo thnh, ng qut con nga,
bo: Khng phi ti dm li sau, ch v con nga khng chy mau
c.
VI.14
T vit: Bt hu Chc 96 chi nnh nhi hu Tng triu chi m, nan
h min kim chi th h
Dch. Khng t ni: Khng c ti kho ni (nnh nt) ca Chc
m c dung nhan p ca cng t Triu nc Tng th kh trnh
c ho thi ny.
VI.15
T vit: Thy nng xut bt do h? H mc do t o d?
Dch. Khng t ni: Ai ra khi nh m khng qua ca? Th th ti
sao khng theo chnh o?
Ch thch. Ai ra khi nh cng do ca, ngha l do ng chnh,
(ch khng tro tng chng hn), vy m trong vic c x lp thn th
ngi ta li khng theo chnh o, m theo li tt.
VI.16
T vit: Cht thng vn tc d; vn thng cht tc s; vn cht bn
bn, nhin hu qun t.
Dch. Khng t ni: Cht phc thng vn nh th l ngi nh qu
ma, vn nh thng cht phc th l ngi chp s (gi vic vn th),
vn v cht u nhau mi l ngi qun t.
VI.17
T vit: Nhn chi sinh d trc, vng chi sinh d hnh nhi min.
Dch. Khng t ni: L sng l phi ngay thng, chng ngay thng
m sng th may mn khi cht y thi.
95
Mnh Chi Phn, tn Trc, t Phn, mt i phu nc L. Trong mt trn T
nh L, L thua. Cng ca Mnh Chi Phn l li pha sau, ngn qun T truy
kch qun L.
96
Chc l vin quan coi tn miu (chc) nc V, tn . Cng t Triu nc
Tng lc lm quan i phu V. Khng t than thi i a nnh.

Trang 65/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VI UNG D
Ch thch. C ngi hiu: Bn tnh con ngi l ngay thng
VI.18
T vit: Tri chi gi bt nh hiu chi gi; hiu chi gi bt nh lc chi
gi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Bit (o l) khng bng thch n; thch n
khng bng vui lm theo n (hoc coi n l mt th vui).
VI.19
T vit: Trung nhn d thng kh d ng thng d; trung nhn d
h bt kh d ng thng d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi c t cht t bc trung tr ln th c
th ging o l cao xa cho c, t bc trung tr xung, khng th
ging o l cao xa cho c
VI.20
Phn Tr vn tr. T vit: V nhn97 chi ngha, knh qu thn nhi vin
chi, kh v tr h. Vn nhn. Vit: Nhn gi tin nan nhi hu hoch,
kh v nhn h.
Dch. Phn Tr hi th no l tr (sng sut). Khng t p:
Chuyn tm lm vic ngha gip ngi, knh trng qu thn nhng
trnh xa, nh vy c th gi l tr. Li hi th no l nhn. p:
Ngi c c nhn phi chu kh nhc lm lng ri sau mi lm
c kt qu, nh vy c th gi l c nhn.
VI.21
T vit: Tr gi nho thy, nhn gi nho sn. Tr gi ng, nhn gi
tnh. Tr gi lc, nhn gi th.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi tr thch nc, ngi nhn thch ni.
Ngi tr th hot ng, ngi nhn th trm tnh, ngi tr vui sng,
ngi nhn sng lu.
VI.22
T vit: T nht bin, ch L, L nht bin ch o.
Dch. Khng t ni: Nc T m thay i (chnh tr v gio ho)
mt bc th n trnh nc L; nc L thay i mt bc th t
c o (ca tin vng t c vng o).

97
Nhn (): Nhiu bn chp l dn (), cng c bn chp c dn ln nhn:
. (Goldfish).

Trang 66/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VI UNG D
Ch thch. T theo b o, t thi T Hon cng, gp v mu li,
tuy cng nhng gio ho km ri; L tuy nhc, nhng cn trng l
gio, trng tn ngha; nu thay i mt bc th s tht tt.
VI.23
T vit: C bt c, c tai! C tai.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ci c98 m khng c cnh gc th sao gi l
ci c! Sao gi l ci c!
VI.24
T Ng vn vit: Nhn gi, tuy co chi vit: Tnh hu nhn yn, k
tng chi d? T vit: H vi k nhin d? Qun t kh th d, bt kh
hm d, kh thi d, bt kh vng d.
Dch. T Ng hi: Ngi c c nhn99 nghe bo: C ngi t
xung ging th c nhy xung vt m cht theo khng? Khng t
p: Sao li lm nh vy? Ngi qun t c th li ging xem (ri tm
cch cu) ch khng th cho ngi ta hm hi mnh (hoc: ch
khng t hm hi mnh); c th b gt mt cch hp l, ch khng th b
gt mt cch v l.
VI.25
T vit: Qun t bc hc vn, c chi d l, dic kh d pht bn h
ph!
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t hc rng v Thi Thu, t c
thc bng l (qui tc, nghi thc, k lut tinh thn) nh vy c th khng
tri vi o l.

98
C vn l ci bnh ng ru c cnh gc, ti i Khng t ngi ta bin i n,
b gc cnh i, nhng vn gi tn c. Khng t ch trch thi ng thi hu danh
v thc, nht l chnh tr.
99
Ch nhn [] ny nn sa l ch nhn [] (l ngi). Cu cui trong bi ngha
cng nh cu: Qun t kh thi d k phng, nn vng d phi k o ca Mnh
t. Ch khi [] l gt mt cch hp l, ch vng [] l gt mt cch v l. Nhng
c ngi ging vng [] l ngu mui v dch l: ngi qun t khng th ngu
mui lm iu v l. C th T Ng thy Khng t gp cu i qu m hi n
thn, nn hi nh vy Khng t ngh li m phng. [Cu Ch nhn [] ny
nn sa l ch nhn [] (l ngi) l gii thch ch nhn trong cu Tnh
hu nhn yn (). (Goldfish)].

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DCH V CH THCH THIN VII THUT NHI
VI.26
T kin Nam t, T L bt duyt. Phu t th chi vit: D s ph gi,
thin ym chi, thin ym chi!
Dch. Khng t v cho nng Nam t, T L khng bng lng.
Khng t th: Ta c lm g tri th tri b ta, tri b ta!
Ch thch. Khng t hi n nc V V vua V Linh cng l
Nam t c ting dm ng, mi ng ti gp mt, ng theo l, khng
th t chi. T L ly lm xu h. Vic ny chp trong S k ca T M
Thin. Nhng nhiu hc gi khng hiu ti sao Khng t phi th c
nh vy, v a ra vi ba cch hiu khc nhau u gng c. (Coi Lun
ng nh thp ging).
VI.27
T vit: Trung dung chi vi c d, k ch h h! Dn tin cu h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Trung dung l c cc p vy. T lu ri,
ngi ta t c c .
Ch thch. C ngi dch cu sau l t ngi gi c c lu.
VI.28
T Cng vit: Nh hu bc th dn nhi nng t chng, h nh? Kh
v nhn h? T vit: H s nhn! Tt d thnh h! Nghiu, Thun k
do bnh ch! Ph nhn gi, k dc lp nhi lp nhn, k dc t nhi t
nhn. Nng cn th th, kh v nhn chi phng d d.
Dch. T Cng hi: Nu c ngi thi n cho nhn dn v cu i
chng, th ngi y th no. C th gi l ngi nhn khng? Khng t
p: Sao ch gi l ngi nhn thi? Phi gi l bc thnh ch! Vua
Nghiu, Thun cng cha lm c nh vy thay. Ngi nhn, mnh
mun t lp th cng mun gip ngi thnh cng. Bit t bng ta suy
ra bng ngi (mnh mun g th gip ngi c ci ) l phng
php thc hnh ca ngi nhn.
THIN VII THUT NHI
VII.1
T vit: Thut nhi bt tc, tn nhi hiu c, thit b ng Lo Bnh.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta truyn thut (o ca c nhn) m khng
sng tc, tin v thch (kinh in ca) c (nhn); ta trm v vi ng Lo
Bnh ca ta.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN VII THUT NHI
Ch thch. Chu Hi bo Lo Bnh l mt i phu thi Thng. C
ngi bo Lo Bnh l Lo am (Lo t). Ngi khc li bo Lo Bnh
l Bnh T, sng by trm tui, b ti vua Nghiu. Trnh Huyn bo Lo
Bnh l hai ngi: Lo am v Bnh T. Khng thuyt no tin c c.
S thc cha bit l ai.
VII.2
T vit: Mc nhi ch chi, hc nhi bt ym, hi nhn bt quyn, h
hu ng tai!
Dch. Khng t ni: Trm mc suy ngh ri ghi vo lng, hc
khng chn, dy ngi khng mi, ngoi ra ta c ci g khc u? (c
ngi dch l: ba c c ni ta chng?).
VII.3
T vit: c chi bt tu, hc chi bt ging, vn ngha bt nng t, bt
thin bt nng ci, th ng u d.
Dch. Khng t ni: o c khng sa tin, hc vn chng ging
tp, nghe c iu ngha m khng lm theo, c li m khng sa i,
l nhng mi lo ca ta.
VII.4
T chi yn c, thn thn nh d, th th100 nh d.
Dch. Khng t lc nhn c th oan trang, thn thi ho vui.
VII.5
T vit: Thm h ng suy d! Cu h, ng bt phc mng kin Chu
Cng101.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta suy lm ri! T lu khng cn mng
thy ng Chu Cng.
VII.6
T vit: Ch o, c c, y nhn, du ngh.

100
Th th: cc bn trn mng chp l: . Ch , Thiu Chu c l yu.
(Goldfish).
101
Chu Cng tn l n, l con vua Chu Vn vng, em vua Chu V vng. Khi
V vng cht, ng ph t Thnh vng (con V vng), gip nh Chu thnh tr,
nh l, nhc. Khng t rt phc Chu Cng, vn mong c a v ca Chu Cng
hnh o nh Chu Cng, nn thng mng thy Chu Cng.

Trang 69/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VII THUT NHI
Dch. Khng t ni: tm ch vo o, gi gn c hnh, nng
theo iu nhn, vui v lc ngh (tc l, nhc, x, ng, th vit ch, s
ton php).
VII.7
T vit: T hnh thc tu d thng, ng v thng v hi yn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ai dng l xin hc th t mt b nem tr
ln, ta cha tng (ch l t) m khng dy.
VII.8
T vit: Bt phn bt khi, bt ph bt pht. C nht ngung, bt d
tam ngung phn, tc bt phc d.
Dch. Khng t ni: K no khng pht phn tm hiu th ta
khng m (ging cho); khng rng t kin (mun ni m khng c)
th ta khng khai pht cho. Ta vn cho mt gc ri m khng t suy ngh
tm ra ba gc kia, th ta khng dy cho na.
VII.9
T thc hu tang gi chi trc, v thng bo d. T th nht khc
tc bt ca.
Dch. Khng t n vi ngi tang th (bun m) khng n no. Ngy
no Khng t (i iu m) khc th ngy khng n ca.
VII.10
T v Nhan Uyn vit: Dng chi tc hnh, x chi tc tng, duy ng d
nh hu th ph! T L102 vit: T hnh tam qun, tc thy d. T vit:
Bo h bng h, t nhi v hi gi, ng bt d d. Tt d lm s nhi c,
hiu mu nhi thnh gi d.
Dch. Khng t bo Nhan Uyn: C ai dng th ta em o ra thi
hnh, khng dng th thu tng (gi) o l (c ngi dch l n vi
o l), ch thy v anh c nh vy thi! T L hi: Nu thy thng
lnh tam qun th thy la ai gip ? Khng t p: Tay khng m
bt cp, khng m li qua sng103, cht khng tic thn, k y ta khng
cho theo gip ta. Nht nh l bit k no lm s m bit lo s, thn
trng, kho mu tnh ri mi quyt nh (hoc thnh cng).
102
T L hiu dng, rt tn tu vi thy (coi bi V.6) thy khen Nhan Hi, cng
mun thy nhc ti mnh, nn hi nh trn. Khng t ch l hiu dng, nng ny,
khng bit thn trng, hng vic.
103
C l l: chn khng m li qua sng hoc khng dng thuyn m li qua
sng. (Goldfish).

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DCH V CH THCH THIN VII THUT NHI
VII.11
T vit: Ph nhi kh cu d, tuy chp tin chi s, ng dic vi chi; nh
bt kh cu, tng ng s hiu.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ph qu m c th cu c th d lm k cm
roi nh xe hu ngi (cng vic ti tin), ta cng lm, ph qu m khng
th cu c, th ta c theo s thch ca ta.
VII.12
T chi s thn: trai, chin, tt.
Dch. Khng t thn trong nhng khi trai gii, chin tranh v bnh
tt.
VII.13
T ti T vn thiu, tam nguyt bt tri nhc v, vit: Bt vi nhc
chi ch t d.
Dch. Khng t khi T, nghe nhc Thiu, ba thng lin khng bit
mi tht, bo: Khng ng nhc tc ng ti ta c nh vy. (c
ngi dch: khng ng vua Thun lm c khc nhc tn thin, tn m
nh vy).
Ch thch. V nhc Thiu, coi bi III.25.
VII.14
Nhim Hu vit: Phu t v V qun h? T cng vit: Nc, ng
tng vn chi. Nhp vit: B Di, Thc T, h nhn d. Vit: C chi
hin nhn d. Vit: On h? Vit: Cu nhn nhi c nhn, hu h
on? Xut vit: Phu t bt v d.
Dch. Nhim Hu hi: Thy ta c thin v vi vua T khng? T
Cng p: , ti cng c hi thy vic . Ri v hi Khng t:
Tha thy, B Di v Thc T l ngi nh th no? p: L ngi
hin xa. Li hi: Hai ng y c on hn g khng? p: Cu nhn
c nhn th cn on hn g na? T Cng tr ra bo Nhim Hu:
Thy khng thin v vi vua V u.
Ch thch. Khng t lc nc V, m vua V l V Xut cng
bt hiu, cp ngi cha trong khi cha t lon ra nc ngoi; ri khi cha
v, em qun ra c cha. Nhim Hu v T Cng nghi Khng t c
nh bnh vc vua V, cho nn T Cng em vic B Di, Thc T hi
d Khng t. B Di, Thc T (coi bi V.22) l hai anh em rut, con
vua C Trc, cui i Thng, u i Chu. B Di l anh c, Thc T l

Trang 71/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VII THUT NHI
em t. Vua C Trc yu Thc T, lp di mnh cho Thc T ni ngi.
Triu nh theo di mnh, lp Thc T, Thc T khng chu, nhng li
cho B Di cho phi l. B Di cng khng chu, bo c tun theo lnh
cha. Khng ai chu nhn ri trn c vo ni, triu nh phi lp ngi
con gia. Vy hai ngi ly ngha lm trng, tri hn vi vua V.
Khng t khen h tc th l ch vua V ri; cho nn T Cng bo
Nhim Hu: Thy khng thin v vi vua V u. Coi li nhn xt v
ngha v ngh thut bi ny trong C vn Trung Quc ca ti, tr.20-21
(Tao n 1966). B Di, Thc T cn c coi l nhn v l dm can
V vng (nh Chu) ng nh nh n (dit vua Tr).
VII.15
T vit: Phn s t, m thy, khc qung nhi chm chi, nhc dic ti
k trung h. Bt ngha nhi ph th qu, ng nh ph vn.
Dch. Khng t ni: n go xu, ung nc l, co cnh tay m gi
u, trong cnh cng c ci vui. Lm iu bt ngha m c giu
sang th ta coi nh my ni.
VII.16
T vit: Gia ng s nin, ng thp d hc Dch, kh d v i qu h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Cho ta sng thm t nm na, ti nm chc
tui nghin cu Dch ( bit l tin thoi) th c th khng lm li ln.
Ch thch. Khng t ni cu chc vo khong ngoi 40 tui.
Nhng c ngi bo hai ch ng thp [] chnh l ch tt [] chp
lm, ch dch [] chnh l ch dic [] (cng), v chm cu nh sau:
Gia ng s nin tt d hc, dic kh d v i qu h, dch l: Cho ta
sng thm t nm na hc th cng c th khng lm li ln104.
VII.17
T s nh ngn, Thi, Th, chp l, giai nh ngn d.
Dch. Khng t cng c lc dng ngn ng tiu chun (ca triu
nh nh Chu); khi c Thi, Th v lm l, u dng ngn ng tiu
chun.
Ch thch. Thi , ngn ng dng triu nh nh Chu l ngn
ng tiu chun, ph thng cho mi nc (cng nh ting Bc Kinh ngy
nay dng cho c nc Trung Hoa, cho nn gi l ting ph thng).
104
Nm ch Hn trn, ti chp theo cun Kinh Dch o ca ngi qun t
ca Nguyn Hin L, Nxb Vn hc, nm 1994, trang 44. (Xem thm ch gii trn
trang http://www.confucius2000.com/confucius/lysejwsnzsz.htm). (Goldfish).

Trang 72/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VII THUT NHI
Khng t ngy thng dng ngn ng ca L, nhng khi c Thi, Th
v lm l th dng ngn ng ca Chu.
C ngi hiu khc hn: nh ngn l ging lun v dch l: Khng t
hay ging v Kinh Thi, Kinh Th v gi l
VII.18
Dip cng vn Khng t T L, t l bt i. T vit: Nh h bt
vit: k vi nhn d, pht phn vong thc, lc d vong u, bt tri lo chi
tng ch vn nh.
Dch. Dip cng (i phu nc S, h Thm, tn Ch Lng, hi
lm quan lnh huyn Dip, t xng cn l cng) hi T L v
Khng t, T L khng p. Khng t bo: Sao anh khng bo: y lm
ngi pht phn c sch (tm hiu o l) n qun n, khi tm c ri
th vui sng n qun mi lo bun, khng bit rng ci gi n ti ni
ri, nh vy .
VII.19
T vit: Ng phi sinh nhi tri chi gi, hiu c, mn d cu chi gi d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta chng phi tri sanh ra bit o l, ta
a thch vn ho c m sing nng tm hc.
VII.20
T bt ng: qui, lc, lon, thn.
Dch. Khng t khng ni v (4 ci ny): qui d, dng lc, phn
lon, qu thn.
VII.21
T vit: Tam nhn hnh, tt hu ng s yn: trch k thin gi nhi
tng chi, k bt thin gi nhi ci chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ba ngi cng i (ta vi hai ngi na) tt c
ngi lm thy ta: la ci hay ca ngi ny m hc, xt ci quy ca
ngi kia m t sa mnh.
Ch thch. C ngi cho ch tam (ba) y tr mt s khng nht
nh: vi ba hoc hn cng c.
VII.22
T vit: Thin sinh c d, Hon Khi k nh d h?
Dch. Khng t ni: Tri cho ta c phm c, Hon Khi lm g
c ta?

Trang 73/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VII THUT NHI
Ch thch. Vic ny, T M Thin chp trong S k: Khng t qua
nc Tng cng vi t tp v l di mt gc cy ln. Quan t m
nc Tng l Hon Khi (khng hiu v l g) mun git ng, cho n
cy . Khng t (thng thng) i. t bo: Mnh i mau ln,
Khng t p: Tri cho ta phm c. Coi li bn trong cun Khng
t.
VII.23
T vit: Nh tam t d ng vi n h? Ng v n h nh. Ng v hnh
nhi bt d nh tam t gi, th Khu d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Cc tr ng rng ta c iu g giu cc tr
chng? Ta chng c iu g giu c. Ta khng lm iu g m chng cho
cc tr hay. Khu ny nh vy .
VII.24
T d t gio: vn, hnh, trung, tn.
Dch. Khng t dy hc tr v: vn (in tch, vn hin), hnh
(hnh vi, thc hnh) ln trung (tn tm), tn. C th c l hnh (c
hnh)105.
VII.25
T vit: Thnh nhn, ng bt c nhi kin chi h, c kin qun t gi,
t kh h. T vit: Thin nhn, ng bt c nhi kin chi h, c kin
hu hng gi, t kh h. V nhi vi hu, h nhi vi doanh, c nhi vi thi,
nan h hu hng h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Bc thnh nhn, ta cha c thy, thy c
bc qun t cng kh ri. Khng t ni: Bc thin nhn, ta cha c
thy, thy ngi tit tho khng thay i cng kh ri. Khng c m bo
l c, rng m bo l y, thiu m bo l d (c ngi dch l tn tin
m bo l rng ri), nh vy kh bo l tit tho khng thay i c.
VII.26
T vit: T iu nhi bt vng, dc bt x tc.
Dch. Khng t cu th khng dng li, bn th khng bn chim
ang ng.

105
ni ch c th c l hnh hoc hnh. (Goldfish).

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DCH V CH THCH THIN VII THUT NHI
VII.27
T vit: Ci hu bt tri nhi tc chi gi, ng v th d. a vn, trch k
thin gi nhi tng chi, a kin nhi ch chi, tri chi th d.
Dch. Khng t ni: C nhng k khng bit m lm cn, ta khng
nh vy. Nghe nhiu, chn iu phi lm theo, thy nhiu m ghi nh,
nh vy m bit c, bit nh vy ch l hng th (km hng sinh ra
bit).
Ch thch. Tri (chi th d) c ngi c l tr. E lm v thin XVI
Qu th, bi 9 c cu: Sinh nhi tri chi, thng d; hc nhi tri chi, th
d; m thin VII, bi 19, Khng t cng ni: Ng phi sinh nhi tri chi
gi; r rng Khng t nhn l hng hc nhi tri chi, tc hng th
chi.
VII.28
H hng nan d ngn. ng t kin, mn sinh hoc. T vit: D k
tin d, bt d k thoi d, duy h thm? Nhn khit k d tin, d k
khit d, bt bo k vng d.
Dch. Ngi lng H (c ting l c nghch) kh ging iu phi
cho h nghe c; mt thanh nin lng li yt kin ( xin hc);
Khng t tip, t phn vn nghi hoc. Khng t bo: Ngi ta tin
b th mnh tn thnh, thoi b th khng tn thnh, h tt phi (nghim
khc) thi qu. Ngi ta t tinh khit m mong c tin b, th ta tn
thnh lng tinh khit ca h (by gi) ch khng ng v (hoc k ti)
d vng ca h. (C ngi dch l khng bo lnh v d vng ca h.
Lm Ng ng li hiu l v hnh ng sau ny ca h).
VII.29
T vit: Nhn vin h tai? Ng dc nhn, t nhn ch h.
Dch. Khng t ni: iu nhn, u c xa g? Ta mun n th n
n.
VII.30
Trn t bi vn: Chiu cng tri l h? Khng t vit: Tri l.
Khng t thoi p Vu M K nhi tin chi, vit: Ng vn qun t bt
ng, qun t dic ng h? Qun th Ng, vi ng tnh, v chi Ng
Mnh t. Qun nhi tri l, thc bt tri l? Vu M K d co. T vit:
Khu d hnh, cu hu qu, nhn tt tri chi.
Dch. Quan t bi (coi b hnh) nc Trn hi: Vua Chiu cng
(nc L) c bit l khng? Khng t p: Bit l. Khng t lui ra

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DCH V CH THCH THIN VII THUT NHI
ri, quan t bi vi Vu M K (hc tr Khng t) mi tin ln, hi: Ti
nghe ni ngi qun t khng thin v, t ra qun t cng thin v sao?
Vua L ci con gi nc Ng, cng h vi mnh, gi tri ra l Ng
Mnh t106. Vua Chiu cng m bit l th ai m khng bit l? Vu M
K thut li vi Khng t. Khng t ni: Khu ny may mn, c li g
th mi ngi u bit.
VII.31
T d nhn ca nhi thin, tt s phn chi, nhi hu ho chi.
Dch. Khng t ht vi ai, thy ngi y ht hay th bo ngi
ht li mnh cng ht.
VII.32
T vit: Vn, mc ng do nhn d; cung hnh qun t, tc ng v chi
hu c.
Dch. Khng t ni: Hc v hc thut, sch v th ho chng ta
cng bng ngi; cn lm ngi qun t th ta cha c.
VII.33
T vit: Nhc thnh d nhn, tc ng khi th107? c vi chi bt
ym, hi nhn bt quyn, tc kh v vn nh d h. Cng Ty Hoa vit:
Chnh duy t bt nng hc d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Lm c bc thnh vi nhn th ta u dm.
Bt qu ta hc lm (thnh, nhn) m khng chn, dy ngi m khng
mt, ch c th gi c nh vy m thi. Cng Ty Hoa tha:
chnh l iu chng con khng hc c.
VII.34
T tt bnh, T L thnh o. T vit: Hu ch? T L i vit:
Hu chi, Ly vit: o nh thng h thn chi. T vit: Khu chi
o cu h.
Dch. Khng t au nng, T L xin php cu o. Khng t ni:
C l y chng? T L p: Tha c, sch Lu (sch chp cc bi
106
Theo l nh Chu, ngi cng h khng c ci g nhau. Ng Mnh t ngha
l tiu th ln nc Ng. ng l phi gi l Ng C, Ng l tn nc, C l tn
h. Ngi con gi cng h C vi vua L (?). Cch c x ca Khng t ng
phc, khng th ch vua mnh trc mt vin quan nc ngoi v nhn li v
mnh. Li p Vu Nh K nh nhn lm sao.
107
Th: cc bn trn mng chp l: . Ch ny, trong cun Mc hc, c
Nguyn Hin L c l cm (Thiu Chu cng c l cm). (Goldfish).

Trang 76/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VIII THI B
cu o) c cu: V ng m cu o vi thn trn tri di t.
Khng t ni: Khu ny cu o t lu ri. ( ni n phi o th
chng cn cu o).
VII.35
T vit: Xa tc bt tn, kim tc c, d k bt tn d, ninh c.
Dch. Khng t ni: Xa x th d ho ra kiu ngo, kim phc th d
ho ra qu ma. Th chu ting qu ma cn hn l kiu ngo.
VII.36
T vit: Qun t thn ng ng, tiu nhn trng thch thch.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t th thn nhin vui v, k tiu
nhn th lo lng u su.
VII.37
T n nhi l, uy nhi bt mnh, cung nhi an.
Dch. Khng t n ho m nghim trang, oai v m khng d dn,
cung knh m th thi.
THIN VIII THI B
VIII.1
T vit: Thi B, k kh v ch c d d h. Tam108 d thin h
nhng, dn v c nhi xng yn.
Dch. Khng t ni: ng Thi B ng gi l ngi c rt cao.
My ln nhng thin h (mt cch rt kn o) khin dn khng bit
m ca tng.
VIII.2
T vit: Cung nhi v l tc lao, thn nhi v l tc t, dng nhi v l
tc lon, trc nhi v l tc gio.
Dch. Khng t ni: Cung knh m khng bit l (ngha l khng
thch hp, va phi) th kh nhc, cn thn m khng bit l th nht

108
Ch tam ny, c ngi hiu l quyt tm. Khng nn hiu l ba. Thi B l con
trng ca Chu Thi vng. Thi vng mun truyn ngi cho con t l Qu Lch
v Qu Lch c mt ngi con trai tn l Xng c ti c, nh vy Qu Lch cht
th Xng s lm vua. Thi B hiu cha, r ngi em k l Trng Ung ra khi
nc, v phng Nam. Trong khi y Thi vng truyn ngi cho Qu Lch ri Qu
Lch truyn ngi cho Xng, tc vua Vn vng, sau vua Vn vng truyn ngi
cho V vng, V vng dit Tr nh Thng m dng thin h nh Chu.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN VIII THI B
nht, dng cm m khng bit l th lon ng, ngay thng m khng
bit l th gt gao, mt lng ngi.
Qun t c thn tc dn hng nhn; c cu bt di tc dn bt
du.
Dch. Ngi qun t (cm quyn) gi trn o vi ngi thn th
dn pht khi lng nhn i; khng b ngi c th dn khng bc bo.
VIII.3
Tng t hu tt, triu mn t vit: Khi d tc, Khi d th. Thi
vn: Chin chin cng cng nh lm thm uyn, nh l bc bng. Nhi
kim nhi hu, ng tri min ph, tiu t.
Dch. Tng t b bnh nng (kh qua), cho gi cc t ti, bo:
D chn ta ra xem, d tay ta ra xem. Kinh Thi c cu: Phi nm np
chm chm, nh i xung vc su, nh i trn lp bng mng. T nay
v sau, ta mi bit thot khi hnh lc, cc tr.
Ch thch. Thot khi hnh lc, khng b cht chn, cht tay, m gi
c trn thn th cha m sinh ra, khng lm nhc cha m, nh vy l
c hiu (coi li bn ca ti trong cun Khng t chng IV).
VIII.4
Tng T hu tt, Mnh Knh t vn chi. Tng T ngn vit: iu chi
tng t, k minh d ai; nhn chi tng t, k ngn d thin. Qun t s
qu h o gi tam: ng dong mo, t vin bo mn h; chnh nhan sc,
t cn tn tiu; xut t kh, t vin b bi h. Bin u chi s, tc hu t
tn.
Dch. Tng t au nng, Mnh Knh t (i phu nc L) n thm.
Tng t bo: Con chim sp cht, ct ting ku bi ai, ngi ta sp cht,
tht ra li thin. Ngi qun t (cm quyn) trong o giao thip, qu
trng ba iu: c ch dung mo ng nn th bo, ngo mn; nt mt
nghim tc, thnh tn; li ni ng nn th b, tri l. Cn vic sp t
cc cng t th c vin chc chm nom. (mnh khi quan tm ti).
VIII.5
Tng T vit: D nng vn bt nng, d a vn qu; hu nhc
v, thc nhc h; phm nhi bt hiu, tch gi ng hu thng tng s
t h.
Dch. Tng t ni: Mnh gii m i hi ngi d, bit nhiu hi
ngi bit t, mnh c ti c m ta nh khng, y m ta trng

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DCH V CH THCH THIN VIII THI B
rng, b xc phm m chng xc phm li, ngy xa bn ta thng theo
c vy.
Ch thch. C th Tng t khen bn c l Nhan Uyn.
VIII.6
Tng T vit: Kh d thc lc xch chi c, kh d k bch l chi mnh,
lm i tit, nhi bt kh ot d; qun t nhn d, qun t nhn d.
Dch. Tng t ni: Mt i thn c th giao ph cho mt hong t
m ci cao su thc (khong su gang tay, mi tui), c th giao vn
mnh mt nc trm dm, trong khi nguy bin m gi trn tit tho,
ngi nh vy c phi l qun t khng? Hn l qun t ri.
VIII.7
Tng T vit: S bt kh d bt hong ngh, nhim trng nhi o vin.
Nhn d vi k nhim, bt dic trng h? T nhi hu d, bt dic vin h?
Dch. Tng t ni: K s khng th khng cng cng, quyt tm,
l v nhim v nng m ng xa. Nhim v l lm iu nhn, nh vy
chng nng sao? Lm cho n cht mi thi, nh vy ng chng xa
sao?
VIII.8
T vit: Hng Thi, lp L, thnh Nhc.
Dch. Khng t ni: Hc Thi phn khi, hc L lp thn,
hon thnh s hc bng Nhc.
Ch thch. Nhc c cng dng iu ho tnh tnh v ho mnh vi
ngi.
VIII.9
T vit: Dn kh s do chi, bt kh s tri chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Dn chng, c th khin h theo (iu no
), ch khng th ging cho h hiu c.
Ch thch. Coi li bn ca chng ti trong cun Khng t. C ngi
chm cu: Dn kh, s do chi; bt kh s tri ngha l dn no kh th
khin cho noi theo; dn no khng kh th khin cho phi bit.
VIII.10
T vit: Hiu dng, tt bn, lon d. Nhn nhi bt nhn, tt chi d
thm, lon d.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN VIII THI B
Dch. Khng t ni: K hiu dng m li ght cnh ngho kh th
s lm lon. Ngi bt nhn m b ght b thi qu th s ni lon.
VIII.11
T vit: Nh hu Chu cng chi ti chi m, s kiu th ln, k d bt
tc quan d d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Nh c ti nng tt p nh Chu cng, m c
tnh ku ngo, bin ln, th nhng ti c g khc cng khng xt na.
VIII.12
T vit: Tam nin hc, bt ch cc, bt d c d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Hc ba nm m khng c cu bng lc, d
c my ngi?
VIII.13
T vit: c tn hiu hc, th t thin o, nguy bang bt nhp, lon
bang bt c. Thin h hu o tc hin, v o tc n. Bang hu o,
bn th tin yn, s d; bang v o, ph th qu yn, s d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Vng tin o m ham hc, gi o ti cht.
Nc nguy ng vo, nc lon khng . Thin h chnh tr tt th ra
lm quan, chnh tr hc m th n. Nc nh c chnh tr tt m mnh
ngho hn th ng xu h, nc nh chnh tr hc m m mnh ph qu
th ng xu h.
VIII.14
T vit: Bt ti k v, bt mu k chnh.
Dch. Khng t ni: Khng chc v no th ng mu tnh vic
ca chc v .
VIII.15
T vit: S Ch chi thy, Quan th chi lon, dng dng h doanh
nh tai!
Dch. Khng t ni: Quan thi s Ch (nhc trng) khi mi tu
nhc (c sch dch l khi mi nhm chc), on ng hp tu kt thc
Quan th p v vui tai thay!
VIII.16
T vit: Cung nhi bt trc, ng nhi bt nguyn, khng khng nhi
bt tn, ng bt tri chi h.

Trang 80/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN VIII THI B
Dch. Khng t ni: K cung vng m khng ngay thng; ngy
th m khng trung hu, bt ti (hoc di dt) m khng th tn, ta
khng bit hng ngi ra sao! (c ch l b i).
VIII.17
T vit: Hc nh bt cp, do khng tht chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Hc th (phi gng sc) nh s khng kp, hc
c iu g ri th s qun mt.
VIII.18
T vit: Nguy nguy h, Thun, V chi hu thin h d, nhi bt d
yn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Vi vi thay, ng Thun v ng V c thin
h (lm vua) m chng ly lm vui (chng hng vinh hoa ph qu).
Ch thch. C ngi hiu l c thin h m khng do mnh
cu mong ( ni hai ng u c nhng ngi). Li c thuyt: c
thin h m v vi (chng lm g c) v c hin thn gip sc tr dn
cho.
VIII.19
T vit: i tai, Nghiu, Thun chi vi qun d. Nguy nguy h, duy
thin vi i, duy Nghiu tc chi. ng ng h, dn v nng danh yn.
Nguy nguy h, k hu thnh cng d. Hon h, k hu vn chng.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ln thay, s nghip lm vua ca ng Nghiu,
ng Thun. Vi vi thay, ch c tri l v i, v ch c vua Nghiu l
theo c tri. Lng lng thay, dn chng khng tm c li no
khen cho ng (c nghip) ca ng. Vi vi thay, s thnh cng ca
ng. Rc r thay, l nhc v ch ca ng.
VIII.20
Thun hu thn ng nhn nhi thin h tr. V vng vit: D hu
lon thn thp nhn. Khng t vit: Ti nan, bt k nhin h? ng,
Ngu chi t, t vi thnh. Hu ph nhn yn, cu nhn nhi d. Tam
phn thin h hu k nh, d phc s n. Chu chi c, k kh v ch c
d d h.
Dch. ng Thun c nm hin thn m thin h thnh tr. ng V
vng (nh Chu) ni: Ta c mi i thn tr thin h. Khng t ni:
(Ngi ta thng bo) kh kim c nhn ti. Li chng ng ?
So vi i ng (vua Nghiu), i Ngu (vua Thun) th i ny (Vn

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DCH V CH THCH THIN IX T HN
vng, V vng nh Chu) nhn ti nhiu hn, nhng trong s c
mt ngi n b, thnh th ch cn chn ngi thi. Vua Vn vng
(cha V vng) c hai phn ba thin h theo mnh m vn thn phc
nh n. c ca nh Chu nh vy, c th ni l cc cao.
Ch thch. Nm v hin thn ca vua Thun l: V, Tc, Tit, Cao
Dao, B ch.- Mi v hin thn ca V vng l: Chu cng, Triu
cng, Khng Thng, Tt cng, Vinh cng, Thi in, Honh Yu,
Tn Nghi Sanh, Nam Cung Qut v b p Khng, v V vng. Lon
thn y c ngha l b ti gii tr lon.
VIII.21
T vit: V, ng v gin nhin h. Ph m thc nhi tr hiu h qu
thn, c y phc nhi tr m h pht min, ti cung tht nhi tn lc h cu
hc109. V, ng v gin nhin h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta chng ch vua V (nh H) vo u c
c. ng n ung m bc m cng t qu thn rt trng hu; n mc
xu x m khi cng t, l phc rt p; cung tht nh hp m tn lc sa
sang ngi lch (m ch cng vic ca V). Vua V, ta chng ch vo u
c c.
Ch thch. Pht v min l o v m khi t.
THIN IX T HN
IX.1
T hn ngn li d mnh d nhn.
Dch. Khng t t ni ti li, vi mnh v o nhn.
Ch thch. Chu Hi hiu nh Trnh t v dn li ca Trnh: Tnh ti
li th hi ngha, l ca mnh huyn vi, m o nhn rng ln, nn
Khng t t ni n. Nhng nhiu ngi thc mc iu ny: Trong
Lun ng Khng t ni v li n su ln, v mnh mi ln, v nhn
c trm ln, sao bo t ni v nhn c?
1. C ngi ging: ch ngn (ni) y khng phi l li Khng t
ni trong khi dy hc (dy th ng ni rt nhiu v nhn c trm ch);
m l t ngn, c ngha l li ng ni trong i sng hng ngy, trong
khi x s, hoc li ng ni v ng, ng t xt ti li, v ng ch theo
ngha; t ni ti thin mnh v ng ch trng sa i x hi l vic
khng th lm c m ng vn lm (tri k bt kh vi nhi chi), chnh T

109
Hc: cc bn trn mng chp l: (Thiu Chu c l tut). (Goldfish).

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DCH V CH THCH THIN IX T HN
Cng cng bo khng c nghe ng ni v o tri (bi V.12); cn ng
t ni ti nhn, ngha l ng khng t cho mnh l nhn m cng t khen
ai l nhn.
2. V ng trong Trung Quc trit hc i cng (Thng v n
qun) v Triu Thng (sch dn) ging khc: Khng t t ni v nhn
trong dy hc, nhng v mn coi c nhn l quan trng, nn ln no
thy ni ti cng ghi , v vy m trong Lun ng chng ta mi thy
nhiu. Hai thuyt trn c th tm chp nhn c. Ngoi ra cn nhng
thuyt ny na:
3. Ch d y phi hiu l km vi. Khng t t ni li km vi
mnh, vi nhn.
4. Ch d c ngha l ri n. Khng t t ni ti li, ri n mnh
(ni n mnh nhiu hn li) sau cng n nhn (ni n nhn nhiu
hn c).
5. Ch d c ngha l hp vi. Khng t t ni rng li hp vi mnh,
vi nhn, m cho rng li thng tri vi mnh, vi nhn. C ngi
chm cu sau ch li, v dch l: m theo (d) mnh tri theo iu
nhn. Ch d dng nh trong cu: Ng d im (Ta mun theo
anh im, mun nh anh im) trong bi XI.25.
6. Li c ngi bo ch hn y phi c l hin, ngha l r rng,
Khng t ni minh bch v li, mnh v nhn. Sai. Khng t c ni g
minh bch v li, v nhn u.
IX.2
t hng ng nhn vit: i tai Khng t! Bc hc nhi v s thnh
danh. T vn chi, v mn t vit: Ng h chp. Chp ng h? Chp
x h? Ng chp ng h.
Dch. C ngi trong ng t Hng (thi 500 nh l mt ng
cng nh lng xm) bo: ng Khng t tht l v i! Hc vn
qung bc, nhng chng chuyn v mt mn g c. Khng t nghe
c, ni vi cc t: Ta chuyn v mn no y? Mn nh xe, hay
mn bn cung? Ta s chuyn v mn nh xe.
Ch thch. nh xe cng l mt trong lc ngh, nhng chuyn nh
xe cho ngi l ngh thp hn nht. Khng t ni a vi mn sinh nh
vy v trong bi XIII.4 ng ch Phn Tr nh nhen khi xin ng dy cho
ngh nng, (ngh ny cao hn ngh nh xe).

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DCH V CH THCH THIN IX T HN
IX.3
T vit: Ma min, l d, kim d thun, kim, ng tng chng. Bi
H, l d, kim bi h thng, thi d; tuy vi chng110, ng tng h.
Dch. Khng t ni: i m gai l theo l xa, nay dng m t r
hn (v tn cng hn), nn ta theo s ng. B ti bi yt vua th mi
u ng di thm m bi, (ri ln trn thm ri li bi na), l
l xa; ngy nay ln n trn thm ri mi bi, nh vy l kiu mn;
cho nn tuy tri vi s ng, ta vn bi t di thm.
IX.4
T tuyt t, v , v tt, v c, v ng.
Dch. Khng t b hn bn tt ny: v l xt vic g th khng
em ring (hoc t dc) ca mnh vo m c theo l phi; v tt, tc
khng quyt rng iu tt ng, vic tt lm c; v c, tc
khng c chp; v ng, tc qun mnh i, khng cho ci ta lm m m
(hoc khng ch k m phi ch cng v t).
Ch thch. C nh bn thm: v l tr, v tt l ngha, v c l l,
v ng l nhn. ng.
IX.5
T y Khung, vit: Vn vng k mt, vn bt ti t h! Thin chi
tng tng t vn d, hu t gi bt c d t vn d. Thin chi v tng
t vn d, Khung nhn k nh d h?
Dch. Khng t b vy thnh Khung (nc V), bo: Vua Vn
vng mt ri, l nhc, ch ca ng chng truyn li cho ta sao! Tri
m mun hu dit vn ha th ngi sau u c tha hng vn
ha ; Tri m cha mun hu dit vn ha th ngi t Khung
lm g c ta?
Ch thch. Chuyn ny chp trong S k ca T M Thin. Ngi
t Khung ght Dng H (Lun ng gi l Dng Ho), gia thn h
Qu, thy tng mo Khng t ging Dng H nn mun hm hi; khi
h bit l lm th xin li v th ng ra.
IX.6
Thi t vn T Cng, vit: Phu t thnh gi d? H k a nng d?
T Cng vit: C thin tng chi tng thnh, hu a nng d. T vn

110
Tuy vi chng: nguyn vn ch Hn l . Bn Nguyn Th chp l: Tuy
vin chng v dch l: tri vi i chng. (Goldfish).

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DCH V CH THCH THIN IX T HN
chi, vit: Thi t tri ng h? Ng thiu d tin, c a nng b s. Qun
t a h tai? Bt a d. Lao vit: T vn: Ng bt th, c ngh.
Dch. Mt quan thi t hi Khng t: Phu t (tc Khng t) phi
l thnh chng? Sao m a ti th? T Cng p: Tri rng ri mun
cho ngi lm thnh nhn, li cho ngi nhiu ti. Khng t nghe
c, bo: Quan thi t bit ta chng? Ta hi nh ngho hn nn hc
c nhiu ngh b lu. Ngi qun t c cn bit nhiu ngh khng?
Khng cn. Lao bo: Thy ta c ln ni: Ta v khng c dng
(c lm quan) cho nn hc c nhiu ngh.
Ch thch. Lao l hc tr Khng t, khng bit h g.
IX.7
T vit: Ng hu tri h tai? V tri d. Hu b phu vn ng, khng
khng nh d, ng khu k lng oan nhi kit yn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta c bit rng khng? Khng. C ngi nh
qu no li hi ta, ta vn khng bit g c, nhng ta hi u ui (hoc
mt phi mt tri) mi nghi ng ca ngi , (do m hiu c) m
ging gii ht cho.
IX.8
T vit: Phng iu bt ch, h bt xut , ng d h ph111!
Dch. Chim phng chng n, bc chng hin trn sng
Hong H, ta ht hi vng ri!
Ch thch. Ngi Trung Hoa tin phng l mt linh iu, vua
Thun c ngi ta dng mt con, ri ti i Vn vng c chim
phng ht ni K. Bc l bc c hnh bt qui; thi Phc Hi, c
con long m i n trn lng, hin trn sng Hong H. l nhng
im thnh nhn xut hin. Khng t khng thy hai vt , cho rng
thnh vng khng ra i v o ca ng khng th thi hnh c.
IX.9
T kin t thi gi, min y thng gi d c gi, kin chi, tuy thiu,
tt tc, qu chi tt x.
Dch. Khng t thy ngi bn s gai ( tang), ngi bn l
phc vi ngi m, th nhng ngi d nh tui, ng cng ng dy;
i qua mt nhng ngi y th ng ro bc.

111
Ph: nguyn vn ch Hn l ; c bn chp l (h). (Goldfish).

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DCH V CH THCH THIN IX T HN
IX.10
Nhan Uyn v nhin thn vit: Ngng chi di cao, ton chi di kin,
chim chi ti tin, ht yn ti hu. Phu t tun tun nhin thin d nhn.
Bc ng d vn, c ng d l, dc bi bt nng. K kit ng ti, nh hu
s lp trc nh, tuy dc tng chi, mt do d d.
Dch. Nhan Uyn bi ngi khen: o (thy ta) cng ngng ln
trng cng thy cao, cng c cng cng, mi thy trc mt, bng
hin sau lng. Thy tun t m kho dn d ngi. Thy dng th tch
m m rng tri thc ta, dng l tit c thc hnh vi ta, d ta c mun
thi cng khng c. Ta tn dng nng lc m c h vn thy c ci g
cao ln sng sng pha trc, ta mun theo ln ti cng m khng sao
theo cho ni.
IX.11
T tt bnh. T L s mn nhn vi thn. Bnh gin. Vit: Cu h tai,
Do chi hnh tr d. V thn nhi vi hu thn. Ng thy khi? Khi thin
h? Th d d k t thn chi th d, v ninh t nh tam t chi th
h? Th d tng bt c i tng, d t o l h?
Dch. Khng t au nng. T L bo anh em ng mn lm gia thn
(h tang nu Khng t mn phn). Khi bnh gim, Khng t (mi hay
truyn ) bo: Lu112 ri, anh Do lm chuyn la di ! Nay ta
khng c gia thn113 m lm nh c gia thn. Nh vy l di ai, di Tri
chng? V li, ta cht trong tay gia thn, u bng cht trong tay cc
tr? V li, khng c i tng, chng hn cht dc ng dc x
?114
IX.12
T Cng vit: Hu m ngc t, un c nhi tng ch? Cu thin
c115 nhi c ch? T vit: C chi tai, c chi tai, ng i c gi d.

112
Khng hiu: ci g lu? C sch ging l: ta m man lu nh. C th hiu ch
l li trch T L. T L ln tui hn v, v qu thy m xng v .
113
Theo l thi , h lm i phu th c gia thn, cai qun mi vic trong nh. C
hi Khng t lm i phu, c gia thn, nhng hi ny khng cn lm i phu na.
T L mun dng l i phu chn ct thy nn bo anh em ng mn lm gia
thn. Bi ny cm ng, li trch rt ng, tuy nghim m nhiu tnh cm, t cch
thanh cao.
114
on m lm nh c gia thn cht dc ng dc x ? l do ti tm ghi
thm, ebook ngun khng c. (Goldfish).
115
Ch c [] ny c ngi c l gi: cu c gi m bn.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN IX T HN
Dch. T Cng ni: C vin ngc p y, nn b vo hp m
ct i chng? Hay cu c thng nhn tt m bn i? Khng t p:
Bn i ch, bn i ch! Ta i c thng nhn y.
IX.13
T dc c cu di. Hoc vit: Lu, nh chi h? T vit: Qun t c
chi, h lu chi hu?
Dch. Khng t (chn ngn) mun qua cc dn tc km vn minh
min ng. C ngi bo: Cc ni b lu, lm sao c? ng
p: Ngi qun t li (gio ho h) th cn g b lu na?
IX.14
T vit: Ng t V phn L, nhin hu nhc chnh Nh, Tng cc c
k s.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta t V tr v L, ri mi nh chnh li
nhc, m nhc Nh v Tng c din tu ng m lut.
Ch thch. Hi ny Khng t trn 69 tui. Nh, Tng l nhng loi
thi trong Kinh Thi, m cng l nhng nhc iu. C ngi hiu l Khng
t sp t li nhng thin Nh, Tng trong Kinh Thi, hoc nh li trong
trng hp no nn tu nhng nhc Nh, Tng.
IX.15
T vit: Xut tc s cng khanh, nhp tc s ph huynh, tang s bt
cm bt min, bt vi tu khn, h hu ng tai?
Dch. Khng t ni: Ra lm quan th th bc cng khanh (cc i
thn chp chnh), nh th th cha m, vic tang khng dm khng lm
trn l, khng cho ru lm lon tnh, bn iu ta lm c iu
no khng?
IX.16
T ti xuyn thng vit: Th gi nh t ph, bt x tr d.
Dch. Khng t ng trn b sng, ni: Nc chy i hoi, ngy
m khng ngng.
Ch thch. C th hiu l thi gian tri i hoi, ng nn b l;
hoc: o tri, vn vt bin ho hoi.
IX.17
T vit: Ng v kin hiu c nhi hiu sc gi d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta cha thy ai hiu c bng hiu sc.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN IX T HN
IX.18
T vit: Th nh vi sn, v thnh nht qu, ch, ng ch d. Th nh
bnh a, tuy phc nht qu, tin, ng tin116 d.
Dch. Khng t ni: V nh p ni, ch cn thiu mt st na l
ngng, l ti ta mun ngng vy. V nh ti trn t bng117, tuy mi
xung mt st, m tip tc na, li ti ta mun tip tc vy.
IX.19
T vit: Ng chi nhi bt na gi, k Hi d d?
Dch. Khng t ni: Ging dy cho m thi hnh khng tr nhc, th
ch c anh Nhan Hi chng?
IX.20
T v Nhan Uyn vit: Tch h! Ng kin k tin d, v kin k ch
d.
Dch. Khng t ni v Nhan Uyn: Tic thay (v Nhan Uyn yu)!
Ta ch thy anh y tin (trn ng o l) m cha h thy ngng.
IX.21
T vit: Miu nhi bt t gi, hu h ph! T nhi bt thc gi, hu h
ph!
Dch. Khng t ni: La mc ln m chng tr bng, c nh
vy ri! Tr bng m khng thnh ht, cng c nh vy ri!
IX.22
T vit: Hu sinh kh y, yn tri lai gi chi bt nh kim d? T thp,
ng thp nhi v vn yn, t dic bt tc y d d.
Dch. Khng t ni: ng s bn tr, bit u sau ny h chng
hn mnh by gi? Nhng khi h bn chc, nm chc tui m khng c
cht danh vng g, th chng ng s na.

116
Tin: nguyn vn ch Hn l ; c bn chp l (vng). (Goldfish).
117
Bn ch th nh bnh a c ngi dch l: V nh lp mt vc su cho thnh
t bng. Hiu cch no th i bi ny cng l khuyn ta ng b l cng
vic hc tp m cng trc mt ht; thnh hay bi ch ti ta m thi. Nhng hiu
nh chng ti dch th s so snh c mnh hn: cng l vic p ni, gn thnh
cng ri b, vi vic mi bt u m vng ch tip tc, l do ta ht. a v d lp
vc su vo y, hi long i.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN IX T HN
IX.23
T vit: Php ng chi ngn, nng v tng h? Ci chi vi qu. Tn d
chi ngn, nng v duyt h? Dch chi vi qu. Duyt nhi bt dch, tng
nhi bt ci, ng mt nh chi h d d h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi ta ly li phi nghim chnh rn mnh
th lm sao khng nghe cho c? Nhng nghe t sa i mi l qu.
Ngi ta ly li knh thun tn thnh mnh, th lm sao m khng vui
lng c? Nhng nghe ri m suy xt ngi ta c hm g (ngha l
li khen c ng khng) th mi l qu. Vui lng m khng suy xt, nghe
m khng sa mnh, hng ngi ta chng bit dy cch no na.
IX.24
Bi ny trng vi bi I.8118.
IX.25
T vit: Tam qun kh ot soi d, tht phu bt kh ot ch d.
Dch. Khng t ni: C th (dng sc mnh) bt c mt v
nguyn soi, ch ch hng ca mt thng dn th khng (dng sc
mnh m) ot ni.
IX.26
T vit: Y t un bo, d y h hc gi lp, nhi bt s gi, k Do d d!
Bt ch bt cu, h dng bt tang? T L chung thn tng chi. T vit:
Th o d, h tc d tang.
Dch. Khng t ni: Bn o bng vi c ng chung vi ngi bn
o bo bng da con chn (h), con lc119 m khng xu h, l anh Do
chng?120. Chng k, chng tham cu, lm vic g (trong hon cnh
no) m chng tt?121. T L ngm hoi cu . Khng t bo: Ci
i o , g m gi l (hon ton) tt?

118
Nguyn vn bi IX.24 ny l: T vit: Ch trung tn, v hu bt nh k gi,
qu tc vt ci; nguyn vn bi I.8, di hn: T vit: Qun t bt trng tc bt
uy, hc tc bt c; ch trung tn, v hu bt nh k gi, qu tc vt n ci.
(Goldfish).
119
Con lc l mt loi ging con chn. o lm bng da con chn v con lc va
nh va m, nn rt qu.
120
C nhiu bn chia bi ny ra lm hai, ti y l ht bi trn. Nhng ngha l
hai on lin quan vi nhau, nn gom lm mt.
121
Cu ny trong Kinh Thi, V phong, thin Hng tr. Ch ( k) chng ti
phin m l ch, c ngi c l k. C nh cho rng Khng t dn cu khen
T L. Nh vy c v Khng t mu thun: chnh ng dn cu , sao di li

Trang 89/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN X HNG NG
IX.27
T vit: Tu hn, nhin hu tri tng bch chi hu iu d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ti ma ng lnh lo, mi bit loi tng,
bch cn cnh l.
IX.28
T vit: Tr gi bt hoc, nhn gi bt u, dng gi bt c.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi tr th khng m hoc, ngi nhn th
khng lo, ngi dng th khng s.
IX.29
T vit: Kh d cng hc, v kh d thch o; kh d thch o, v
kh d lp; kh d lp, v kh d quyn.
Dch. Khng t ni: C hng ngi mnh c th cng hc vi h,
m v tt c th cng i vo chnh o vi h; c th cng i vo
chnh o vi h, m v tt c th ng vng trong chnh o vi h;
c th ng vng trong chnh o vi h, m v tt c th theo php
quyn bin vi h.
IX.30
ng l chi hoa, thin k phin nhi. Khi bt nh ti, tht th vin
nhi. T vit: V chi t d, ph h vin chi hu.
Dch. Nhng o hoa trn cy ng l, nghing ng, lung lay. Ti
h chng nh em sao? Ngt ni ti xa qu (khng ti c)122. Khng
t c bn cu v bo: Nh vy l cha tht l tng nh, (nu tht
l tng nh) th c ngi g xa?
THIN X HNG NG
X.1
Khng t hng ng, tun tun nh d, t bt nng ngn gi; k ti
tn miu, triu nh, bin bin ngn, duy cn nh.
Dch. Khng t lng xm th cung thun, ta nh khng bit n
ni; ti tn miu, triu nh th bin lun rnh r m rt cn thn.

bo: C g (hon ton) tt? Cho nn chng ti on T L nh Kinh Thi, t ph


rng mnh theo ng li khuyn trong Kinh Thi, nn ngm hoi. Khng t thy
vy, nn lng t ph xung.
122
Trong Kinh Thi hin nay lu hnh khng c bn cu th . Hai cu u th
hng, (nhn thy hoa ng l m c hng), ngha khng lin quan g ti hai cu
sau. Khng t mun khuyn ngi hc o: nu thc ham o th khng ngi kh.

Trang 90/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN X HNG NG
X.2
Triu, d h i phu ngn, khn khn nh d; d thng i phu
ngn, ngn ngn nh d. Qun ti, thc tch nh d, d d nh d.
Dch. Khng t ni: triu nh, ni vi cc quan h i phu th
ho nh vui v; ni vi cc quan thng i phu th nghim tc, chnh
trc. Khi vua lm triu th ng cung knh, c v nh khng an tm,
khng mt v uy nghi.
Ch thch. Thin ny nhiu t c: tun tun, bin bin, khn khn,
ngn ngn, d d mi sch ging mi khc. i khi chng ti theo
Chu Hi.
X.3
Qun triu s tn, sc bt nh d, tc quc (hoc gic) nh d. p s
d lp, t hu th, y tin hu xim nh d. X tin, dc nh d. Tn
thoi, tt phc mnh vit: Tn bt c h.
Dch. Khi vua (L) triu ng tip khch (nc ngoi) th ng bin
sc, chn bc run run, khch cng ng vi ng th ng chp tay vi
ngi bn t, ngi bn hu; vt trc, vt sau ca o phiu ng khi
ng ci, ngng, ng ro bc tin ti (c sch dch l khi a khch
vo, ng i mau), hai cnh tay a ra thng nh cnh chim. Khch lui
ri, ng tt vo tu vi vua: Khch khng quay u li ( i ri).
X.4
Nhp cng mn, cc cung nh d, nh bt dung. Lp bt trung mn,
hnh bt l vc. Qu v, sc bt nh d, tc quc nh d, k ngn t bt
tc gi. Nhip t thng ng, cc cung nh d, bnh kh t bt tc gi.
Xut ging nht ng, snh nhan sc, di di nh d. Mt giai, x tin, x
dc nh d, phc k v, tc tch nh d.
Dch. Khi v ca ln ca triu nh, ng khom khom nh ca thp
qu. ng khng ng gia ca, khi i, khng dm ln ngch ca. i
ngang qua ngai vua (ngai trng), ng bin sc, chn bc run run, ni
chng ra li. Khi ng vn o bc ln thm, ng khom khom, nn hi
nh nn th. Khi lui, bc xung mt bc, sc mt ng li ho hon vui
v. Xung n bc cui, ng i mau, hai cnh tay a thng ra nh
cnh chim. Tr v ch c th ng li cung knh, c v nh khng yn
tm.

Trang 91/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN X HNG NG
X.5
Chp khu, cc cung nh d, nh bt thng, thng nh p, h nh
th, bt nh chin sc, tc sc sc nh hu tun. Hng l, hu dong
sc, t ch (hoc tnh) du du nh d.
Dch. Khi i s nc ngoi, cm th ngc khu th ng khom khom
nh bng chng ni, a ngc ln ti u nh vi cho, h xung ti
ngc nh trao cho ai. ng bin sc nh s st, chn ren rn bc tng
bc nh noi theo mt vt g. Khi dng l vt, th dng mo n ho. (L
xong ri) ly t cch t nhn yt kin vua quan nc ngoi th v mt
thoi mi, vui v.
X.6
Qun t bt d cm tru123 sc, hng t bt d vi tit phc. ng th,
chn hi khch, tt biu nhi xut chi. Truy y cao cu, t y ngh cu,
hong y h cu. Tit cu trng, on hu du. Tt hu tm y, trng
nht thn hu bn124. H lc chi hu d c. Kh tang, v s bt bi. Phi
duy thng, tt si chi, cao cu, huyn quan, bt d iu. Ct nguyt, tt
triu phc nhi triu.
Dch. Ngi qun t (tr Khng t) khng dng trang sc (y
phc) mu cm v mu tru (c hai mu u xanh m pha mu
hng, mu tru ti hn v u ging mu huyn, mu ca l phc, v vy
nn trnh dng trang sc); y phc thng ngy khng dng mu
hng v mu ta (v ging vi mu (xch), khng phi chnh sc).
Ma nc, bn o n bng vi mng ngoi o lt. Ma rt, mc o
en ngoi vi o lng ngh (hu con, lng trng) trong; hoc o di
vng ngoi vi o lng chn mu vng trong. o lng tuy di,
nhng tay o bn phi ngn hn bn tri ( d lm vic). Phi c o
ng (mm nh) di gp ri thn ngi. C nm ngi bng da con chn,
con lc dy. Ci b tang phc ri, th nhng lt vt dt vo dy lng.
Khng phi l l phc, th qun ct ngn bt i. i iu tang, khng bn
o lng d en, khng i m en. Ngy nguyn n (nguyn vn l ct
nguyt125, c ngi dch l ngy mng mt mi thng), mc tro phc
chu vua.

123
Tru: nguyn vn ch Hn l (Thiu Chu c l tu). (Goldfish).
124
Cu Tt hu tm y, trng nht thn hu bn l do ti ghi thm, nguyn vn
ch Hn: . (Goldfish).
125
Ct nguyt: ebook ngun chp l: tt. (Goldfish).

Trang 92/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN X HNG NG
X.7
Trai, tt hu minh y, b, tt bin thc, c tt thin ta.
Dch. Lc trai gii, tt dng o tinh khit, bng vi, tt i thc n,
i ch .
X.8
T bt ym tinh, khoi bt ym t. T nhi i, ng ni nhi nhc bi
bt thc. Sc c bt thc, x c bt thc. Tht nhm bt thc, bt thi
bt thc. Ct bt chnh bt thc, bt c k tng bt thc. Nhc tuy a,
bt s thng t kh. Duy tu v lng, bt cp lon. C tu, th b, bt
thc. Bt trit khng thc. Bt a thc. T cng, bt tc nhc. T
nguyt bt xut tam nht, xut tam nht, bt thc chi h. Thc bt ng,
tm bt ngn. Tuy s t, thi canh, tt t126, tt trai nh d.
Dch. Cm cng trng tinh cng tt, (cng thch), gi thi cn nh
cng tt. Cm hm v thiu, c n m tht nho th khng n. (Thc
n m) sc bin, h ri, khng n; mi hi cng khng n. (C sch
dch l nhng vt tri ma). Ct khng ngay ngn (hoc khng ng
cch), khng n. Nc chm khng thch hp, khng n. D c tht,
(Khng t) cng n t tht hn cm. Duy c ru l khng hn ch,
nhng khng ung ti say. Ru bn ca hng, khng ung, tht mua
ch, khng n. Ba no cng n gng. Khng n ti qu no. T
cng miu ri, c phn tht th ng phn pht ngay, khng cch
m. (V tht t vo bui sng th lm vo hm trc, nu cch m
na, qua ngy hm sau l ba ngy, tht i i). Tht cng t tin, khng
qu ba ngy, qu ba ngy th khng n. Khi n, khng m lun, khi
ng khng ni chuyn. Tuy l cm th, canh rau, m trc khi n cng
cung knh cng vi nh lc trai gii.
X.9
Tch bt chnh bt ta.
Dch. Chiu tri khng ngay, khng ngi.
X.10
Hng nhn m tu, trng gi xut, t xut h. Hng nhn na, triu
phc nhi lp tc giai.

126
Tt t (), c bn chp l qua t (). (Goldfish).

Trang 93/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN X HNG NG
Dch. D tic vi ngi lng, ng i cc ng lo chng gy bc
ra ri mi ra. Trong lng lm l na (l tng n dch) ng bn triu
phc ng trn thm pha ng m d l.
X.11
Vn nhn tha bang127, ti bi nhi tng chi. Khang t qu dc, bi
nhi th chi. Vit: Khu v t, bt cm thng.
Dch. Nhn ai hi thm bn nc ngoi th khi tin hnh, ng vai
hai vi. (mt: vi ngi ng nhn, hai: vi bn xa). (Qu) Khang t
tng thuc ung, ng vi, nhn, ri ni vi ngi em thuc: Khu ti
cha hiu tnh cht ca thuc ny, khng dm ung.
X.12
Khi phn. T thoi triu, vit: Thng nhn h?, bt vn m.
Dch. Chung nga chy. Khng t triu v, hi: C ai b thng
khng?, ch khng hi nga.
X.13
Qun t thc, tt chnh tch tin thng chi. Qun t tinh, tt thc nhi
tin chi. Qun t sinh, tt sc chi. Th thc qun, qun t, tin phn.
Tt, qun th chi, ng th, gia triu phc, thn. Qun mnh triu, bt
s gi hnh h.
Dch. Vua ban cho thc n nu chn l ln ngi gia chiu m
nm trc. Vua ban cho tht ti th cho nu chn, cng t tin ri mi
n. Vua ban cho ng vt cn sng th nui. Hu cm vua, khi vua rt
ru vi t tin, ng nm th thc n trc, nh mnh c trch nhim
sn sc mn n. ng au, vua n thm th ng quay u v hng
ng, p triu phc, t chic ai (thc lng) ln mnh. Vua c lnh
vi, ng khng i thng xe m i b ngay.
Ch thch. Thi , trong nh th ly hng ty lm trng, ng
quay mt v hng ng, tc vua quay mt v hng ty m hi
thm ng128.

127
Ebook ngun chp: Vn nh tha bang. (Goldfish).
128
Theo Nguyn Thin Th th ng th () c ngha l: day u pha ng,
mt ng ca s Bc (http://sontrung.blogspot.com/2011/02/luan-ngu-v.html).
Cch hiu c v hp vi li ging ca Chu Hi: Theo L, ngi bnh nm
ca s pha Bc, vua ti thm th ri sang ca s pha Nam, vua nhn sang pha
Nam m hi thm (theo ch thch trong bi VI.8), v li ging trn trang
http://www.zdic.net/cd/ci/5/ZdicE4ZdicB8Zdic9C136610.htm. (Goldfish).

Trang 94/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN X HNG NG
X.14
(Bi ny trng vi bi III.15, nn khng dch li)129.
X.15
Bng hu t, v s qui, vit: ng tn. Bng hu chi qu, tuy xa
m, phi t nhc, bt bi
Dch. Bn b mt m khng c ngi thn thch lo cho, th ng bo:
em v nh ti tm lim. Bn b tng vt g nu khng phi l tht t,
th d l vt qu nh xe, nga, ng cng khng vi khi nhn.
X.16
Tm bt thi, c bt dung130. Kin t thi gi, tuy hip, tt bin, kin
min gi d c gi, tuy tit tt d mo. Hng phc gi, thc chi. Thc
ph bn gi. Hu thnh son, tt bin sc nhi tc. Tn li, phong lit, tt
bin.
Dch. Ng th khng nm nga dui tay chn nh ngi cht.
nh, khng c dung nghi (nh triu), m rt t nhin. Thy ngi mc
tang, d quen bit, cng i sc din (t v thng xt). Thy ngi
i mo l v ngi m, tuy thng gp, cng t ra l mo. Ngi xe,
thy ngi i a ma, ng vn vo cy ngang trc xe m ci u
cho; thy ngi mang bn quc gia v s h khu, ng cng lm
nh vy. Khi thy (ch nhn dn) tic ln (i mnh) ng i sc (t v
cm ng) ng dy cm t. Khi sm to gi ln, ng bin sc.
X.17
Thng xa, tt chnh lp, chp tuy. Xa trung bt ni c, bt tt ngn, bt
thn ch.
Dch. Khi ln xe th ng ngay ngn, ri nm ly si dy bc
ln. Ngi xe, khng quay u li, khng ni nhanh v khng ch tr.

129
Nguyn vn bi III.18: T nhp thi miu, mi s vn. Hoc vit: Thc v Tru
nhn chi t tri l h, nhp thi miu, mi s vn. T vn chi, vit: Th l d.
Bi X.14 ny ch c cu: Nhp thi miu, mi s vn. (Goldfish).
130
Ch dung [] ny, c nh bo l ch khch [], ngha l khng khch kh, m
rt t nhin.

Trang 95/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XI TIN TIN
X.18
Sc t c h, tng nhi hu tp. Vit: Sn lng th tr, thi tai, thi
tai! T L cng131 chi, tam khu nhi tc.
Dch. Con chim thy ngi, kinh s bay i (c ngi ging l: thy
ngi c v d tn, nn bay i); n ling my vng (xem chng) ri mi
xung. (Khng t) ni: Con tr mi u trn cu Sn cc kia, bit
thi c lm, bit thi c lm! T l chp tay hng v n, n ku ba
ting bay i.
THIN XI TIN TIN
XI.1
T vit: Tin tin l nhc, d nhn d; hu tin l nhc, qun t
d. Nh dng chi, tc ng tng tin tin.
Dch. Khng t ni: V l nhc, ngi i xa b ngi i nay coi
l qu ma; v l nhc, ngi i xa c ngi i nay khen l qun
t (ton thin). Dng l nhc th ta theo ngi xa.
Ch thch. Chng ti theo cch hiu ca Trnh t v Chu t m dch
nh trn. Tin tin tr ngi u i Chu, thi theo Khng t nhc
c vn ln cht (tc nh ni dung ln hnh thc tt). Hu tin tr
ngi thi Chu suy, nhc trng vn hn cht. Ngi thi Khng t
thch vn hn cht, nn cho l nhc ngy xa l qu ma, m khen l
nhc i sau p . Khng t ngc li, thch vn hn cht, nn theo l
nhc ca ngi xa. C thuyt cho rng tin tin tr132 ngi hc l
nhc ri mi lm quan, tc hng bnh dn, nh a s cc mn sinh ca
Khng. Hu tin, tr gii qu tc do c quyn m lm quan sm, ri
sau mi hc l nhc. Khng t c dng nhn ti th dng hng trn (bnh
dn) tc k s, ch khng dng hng di (qu tc). Hai ch dng chi
[] thuyt ny hiu l dng ngi, ch khng phi dng l nhc nh
Trnh, Chu gii thch. Thuyt ny mi m, cng chp nhn c.

131
Cng: Cc trang ch Hn trn mng chp l (Thiu Chu c l cng, hoc
cung), trong c vi trang mng bo ch c ngha l cng (ngha l chp
tay). (Goldfish).
132
on thch vn hn cht, nn theo l nhc ca ngi xa. C thuyt cho rng
tin tin tr l do ti tm chp thm. Xin ni thm l, theo thuyt , hai ch
d nhn () tr gii bnh dn, hai ch qun t () tr gii qu tc cm
quyn. (Tham kho: http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/32004653). (Goldfish).

Trang 96/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XI TIN TIN
XI.2
T vit: Tng ng Trn, Thi gi, giai bt cp mn d. c hnh:
Nhan Uyn, Mn T Khin, Nhim B Ngu, Trng Cung; ngn ng:
T Ng, T Cng; chnh s: Nhim Hu, Qu L; vn hc: T Du, T
H.
Dch. Khng t ni: Nhng mn sinh theo ta (chu khn) nc
Trn, nc Thi, nay khng cn hc ta na. c Hnh (ng khen
nht) c Nhan Uyn, Mn T Khin, Nhim B Ngu, Trng Cung; gii
n ni, t lnh c T Ng, T Cng; gii v chnh tr c Nhim Hu, Qu
L; gii v vn hc c T Du, T H.
Ch thch. on sau t c hnh khng phi l li Khng t.
Mi mn sinh k trong on cha chc u theo Khng t qua
Trn v Thi.
XI.3
T vit: Hi d, phi tr ng gi d, ng ngn v s bt duyt.
Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Hi khng gip ta c iu g, li ging
no ca ta, anh y cng thch. ( ni Nhan Hi khng nghi hoc, cht
vn g c, khng gi thm g cho Khng t c).
XI.4
T vit: Hiu tai Mn T Khin! Nhn bt gian k ph mu, cn
chi ngn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Mn T Khin tht l hiu thun! Cha
m, anh em trong nh u khen anh hiu thun m ngi ngoi cng
nhn vy l ng.
XI.5
Nam Dung tam phc Bch Khu. Khng t d k huynh chi t th
chi.
Dch. Nam Dung a c i c li th Bch Khu. Khng t em
con gi anh mnh g cho.
Ch thch. Th Bch Khu trong thin i nh, Kinh Thi, i bo:
Ci vt trong ngc Khu trng, c th mi b i, ch im xu trong li
ni, khng th cha c. Khng t khen Nam Dung bit gi gn li
ni. Coi thm bi V.1.

Trang 97/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XI TIN TIN
XI.6
Qu Khang t vn: t thc vi hiu hc? Khng t i vit: Hu
Nhan hi gi hiu hc, bt hnh on mnh t h, kim d tc v.
Ch thch. Bi ny nh ht bi VI.2, ch khc bi VI.2 chp l Ai
cng hi, v c thm my ch bt n, bt nh qu sau: Hu Hi gi
hiu hc, v my ch: v vn hiu hc d cui bi. V vy khng
cn phi dch li.
XI.7
Nhan Uyn t, Nhan L thnh t chi xa d vi chi quch. T vit: Ti
bt ti, dic cc ngn k t d. L d t hu quan nhi v quch. Ng bt
hnh d vi chi quch. D ng tng i phu chi hu, bt kh hnh
d.
Dch. Nhan Uyn cht, Nhan L (cha Nhan Uyn, m cng l hc
tr Khng t) xin chic xe ca Khng t bn m mua quch chn
con. ng bo: N c ti hay bt ti th cng ch l con thi. Con rut
ca ta l L (t l B Ng) cht, cng ch dng quan ( trong) m khng
dng quch cho n ( ngoi). Khng l ta i b, bn xe i m mua
quch cho n (Nhan Uyn). Ta theo sau hng i phu, nn khng l i
b.
Ch thch. Khng t c hi lm i phu nc L, lc ny khng
lm quan na, nhng vn gi hm i phu. Ni theo sau hng i phu
l ni nhn.
XI.8
Nhan Uyn t, T vit: Y thin tng d, thin tng d!
Dch. Nhan Uyn cht. Khng t than: i! Tri hi ta, tri hi ta!
XI.9
Nhan Uyn t. T khc chi ng. Tng gi vit: T ng h. Vit:
Hu ng h? Phi ph nhn chi vi ng nhi thy v?
Dch. Nhan Uyn cht. Khng t khc thm thit. Ngi ( t) theo
sau, tha: Thy bi ai thi qu! Khng t ni: Bi ai thi qu ? Ta
chng v con ngi bi ai th v ai?

Trang 98/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XI TIN TIN
XI.10
Nhan Uyn t, mn nhn133 dc hu tng chi. T vit: Bt kh. Mn
nhn hu tng chi. T vit: Hi d th d do ph d, d bt c th do t
d. Phi ng d, phu nh tam t d.
Dch. Nhan Uyn cht, mn nhn mun mai tng trng hu. Khng
t bo: Khng nn. Nhng mn nhn vn mai tng trng hu. Khng
t bo: Hi coi ta nh cha, m ta khng coi n nh con c.
khng phi ti ta, m ti cc tr y.
Ch thch. Cc sch u ch thch: theo l th tu gia nh ngho
giu m mai tng trng hu hay khng. Nhan Hi nh ngho, m chn
ct trng hu l tri l. ng coi Nhan Hi nh con, chn Nhan Hi nh
chn B Ng (coi bi 7) nhng khng tin can thip, cho mn sinh
nghe li Nhan L (cha Nhan Hi) lm vic tri l .
XI.11
Qu L vn s qu thn. T vit: V nng s nhn, yn nng s qu?
Vit: Cm vn t. Vit: V tri sinh, yn tri t.
Dch. Qu L hi o th qu thn. Khng t p: Cha bit o
th ngi, sao bit c o th qu thn? Li hi: Con xin mo mui
hi v s cht. p: S sng cn cha bit, sao bit c s cht?
XI.12
Mn T (Khin) th trc, ngn ngn nh d; T L hng hng nh d;
Nhim Hu, T Cng khn khn nh d. T lc: Nhc Do d, bt c
k t nhin.
Dch. Mn T (Khin) ng hu bn, v mt cung knh, chnh
trc; T L c v cng ngh; Nhim Hu v T Cng c v n ho.
Khng t vui v (v mn sinh no cng c t cch c). (Nhng ng ni):
Anh Do (T L) e s bt c k t.
Ch thch. T L hay cy sc mnh ca mnh nn ng khuyn phi
phng. Sau T L cht mt cch v ngha trong mt v bo lon
nc V.

133
Ch mn nhn v ch mn nhn sau, ebook ngun chp l mn sinh.
(Goldfish).

Trang 99/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XI TIN TIN
XI.13
L nhn vi Trng ph. Mn T Khin vit: Nhng cu qun, nh
chi h? H tt ci tc? T vit: Ph nhn bt ngn, ngn tt hu
trng.
Dch. Nc L nh ct kho Trng ph mi. Mn T Khin bo:
Dng ci kho c m tu b li, khng c sao? H tt phi ct ci mi
(cho ph cng, ca). Khng t khen: Con ngi t ni, nhng h ni
th trng.
XI.14
T vit: Do chi st h vi Khu chi mn? Mn nhn bt knh T
L. T vit: Do d, thng ng h, v nhp tht d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ting n st ca anh Do sao li ni ln
nh Khu ny? ( ni ng khng a ging n st pht ca T L). V
vy m mn sinh coi thng T L. Khng t gii rng: Hc vn ca
anh Do vo hng ln n thm ri, m cha vo ni tht y thi
(ngha l kh lm, ch cha tinh vi thi). Nhng c ngi li hiu: Anh
Do ch mi gy n ngoi thm ch khng phi trong nh (!), coi
nhp tht bi 19.
XI.15
T Cng vn: S d Thng d thc hin? T vit: S d qu,
Thng d bt cp. Vit: Nhin tc S d d? T vit: Qu do bt
cp.
Dch. T Cng hi: Anh S (T Trng) v anh Thng (T H)
ai hn? Khng t p: S thi qu m Thng bt cp. Li hi:
Nh vy l anh S hn? p: Thi qu cng nh bt cp.
XI.16
Qu th ph Chu cng, nhi Cu d vi chi t lim nhi ph ch chi. T
vit: Phi ng d, tiu t minh c nhi cng chi kh d.
Dch. H Qu giu hn ng Chu cng, th m Cu (Nhim Hu lm
gia thn h Qu) cn thu thu bp cht dn, lm giu thm cho. Khng
t ni: N khng phi l mn ca ta na, cc con nn ni ting
(hoc ha nhau) m cng kch n i.
XI.17
Si d ngu, Sm d l, S d tch, Do d ngn.

Trang 100/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XI TIN TIN
Dch. (Cao) Si (T Cao) ngu, Sm (Tng t) tr n, S (T
Trng) thin lch, Do (T L) th lu.
Ch thch. Cu ny cng l li ca Khng t.
XI.18
T vit: Hi d k th h, l khng. T bt th mnh, nhi ha thc
yn, c tc l trng.
Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Hi gn t c o chng, thng
ngho i? Anh T (T Cng) khng an bn lc o m i bun bn,
on iu chi thng trng.
Ch thch. Ba ch bt th mnh cc sch ging l: Khng xin
php nh nc bun bn. (Thi bun bn phi xin php quan s
ti).
XI.19
T Trng vn thin nhn chi o. T vit: Bt tin tch, dic bt
nhp tht.
Dch. T Trng hi nh th no l ngi thin. Khng t p:
Bm tnh tt chng phi hc tp theo c nhn m cng tt, nhng
khng t c mc tinh vi ca h.
Ch thch. C ngi ging: Ngi thin khng ho mnh vi k c,
xu xa (bt tin tch) nhng v khng hc nn khng thng t, khng
bit quyn bin.
XI.20
T vit: Lun c th d, qun t gi h? Sc trang gi h?
Dch. Khng t ni: m lun th knh cn, ngi nh vy thc
l qun t chng? Hay ch l b ngoi trang trng thi?
XI.21
T L vn: Vn t hnh ch? T vit: Hu ph huynh ti, nh chi
h k vn t hnh chi? Nhim Hu vn: Vn t hnh ch? T vit:
Vn t hnh chi. Cng Ty Hoa vit: Do d vn: Vn t hnh
ch?, T vit: Hu ph huynh ti; Cu d vn: Vn t hnh
ch?, T vit: Vn t hnh chi. Xch d hoc134, cm vn? T vit:
Cu d thoi, c tin chi; Do d kim nhn, c thoi chi.

134
Hoc (): c bn chp l cm (). (Goldfish).

Trang 101/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XI TIN TIN
Dch. T L hi: Nghe (iu phi) ri th thi hnh lin sao? Khng
t p: Cn cha, anh (phi hi kin cha, anh) sao c th nghe ri lm
lin c. Nhim Hu hi: Nghe (iu phi) ri thi hnh lin sao?
Khng t p: Nghe ri th lm lin i. Cng Ty Hoa hi: Anh Do
hi: Nghe ri thi hnh lin sao?, Thy p: Cn cha, anh; anh
Cu hi: Nghe ri thi hnh lin sao?135, Thy p: Nghe ri th lm
lin i. Xch con cha hiu, xin thy ging cho. Khng t p: Bn
tnh anh Cu khng tin th nn ta phi thc cho tin ti; cn anh Do,
bn tnh dng mnh mun hn ngi nn ta phi ko li li.
XI.22
T y Khung, Nhan Uyn hu. T vit: Ng d nh vi t h.
Vit: T ti, Hi h cm t.
Dch. Khng t b vy thnh Khung (coi bi IX.15), Nhan Uyn
lc pha sau. (Ti khi thy tr gp nhau), Khng t bo: Thy ng anh
cht ri ch! Nhan Uyn p: Thy cn sng, con u dm cht.
XI.23
Qu t Nhin vn: Trng Do, Nhim Cu kh v i thn d? T
vit: Ng d t vi d chi vn, tng Do d Cu chi vn. S v i thn
gi, d o s qun, bt kh tc ch. Kim Do d Cu d, kh v c thn
h. Vit: Nhin tc tng chi gi d? T vit: Th ph d qun, dic
bt tng d.
Dch. Qu t Nhin (mt ngi trong h Qu L) hi: Trng Do
v Nhim Cu c th gi l i thn c khng? Khng t p: Ti
tng ng hi v ai kia, khng ng ng hi v anh Do v anh Cu. Gi
l i thn th c theo o l m th vua, khng thi hnh o l c th
t chc. Nhng anh Do v anh Cu c th gi l b ti thng (cho
s lm vic thi). Li hi: Nhng hai ng y cng thun tng vua
ch? Khng t p: Nu l git cha, git vua th h khng theo u.
Ch thch. Lc T L v Nhim Cu lm gia thn cho h Qu.
XI.24
T L s T Cao vi Ph t. T vit: Tc ph nhn chi t. T L
vit: Hu dn nhn yn, hu x tc yn, h tt c th nhin hu vi
hc? T vit: Th c ph nnh gi.

135
on Thy p: Cn cha, anh; anh Cu hi: Nghe ri thi hnh lin sao?
l do ti ghi thm. (Goldfish).

Trang 102/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XI TIN TIN
Dch. T L (lm gia thn h Qu), tin c T Cao lm quan T t
Ph. Khng t trch: Nh vy l lm hi con ngi (v T Cao cha
hc c bao, cha lm quan c). T L bo: (Lm chc t th) c
nhn dn tr, c thn x (t ai), tc (ma mng) th, ( l
hc), h tt phi c sch ri mi gi l hc? Khng t ni: V th m
ta ght nhng li li khu (cng l t bin h).
XI.25
T L, Tng Tch, Nhim Hu, Cng Ty Hoa th ta. T vit: D
ng nht nht trng h nh, v ng d d. C tc vit: Bt ng tri d.
Nh hoc tri nh, tc h d tai? T L sut nh nhi i vit: Thin
thng chi quc, nhip h i quc chi gian, gia chi d s l, nhn chi d
c cn, Do d vi chi, b (hoc t) cp tam nin, kh s hu dng, th tri
phng d. Phu t thn136 chi. Cu, nh h nh? i vit: Phng
lc tht thp, nh ng lc thp, Cu d vi chi, b cp tam nin, kh s tc
dn. Nh k l nhc, d s qun t. Xch, nh h nh? i vit: Phi
vit nng chi, nguyn hc yn. Tn miu chi s, nh hi ng, oan
chng ph, nguyn vi tiu tng yn. im, nh h nh? C st hi,
khanh nh, x st nhi tc, i vit: D h tam t gi chi son. T vit:
H thng h? Dic cc ngn k ch d. Vit: M xun gi, xun
phc k thnh, qun gi ng lc nhn, ng t lc tht nhn, dc h
Nghi, phong h V Vu, vnh nhi qui. Phu t v nhin thn vit: Ng
d im d. Tam t gi xut, Tng Tch hu. Tng Tch vit: Ph tam
t gi chi ngn h nh? T vit: Dic cc ngn k ch d d h! Vit:
Phu t h thn Do d? Vit: Vi quc d l137, k ngn bt nhng, th
c thn chi. Vit: Vi quc d l, k ngn bt phng, th c thn chi-
Duy Cu tc phi bang d d? An kin phng lc tht thp nh ng
lc thp, nhi phi bang d gi! Duy Xch tc phi bang d d? Tn
miu hi ng, phi ch hu nhi h? Xch d vi chi tiu, thc nng vi chi
i?
Dch. T L, Tng Tch, Nhim Hu v Cng Ty Hoa ngi hu.
Khng t bo: Cc anh cho rng ta c ln hn cc anh mt ngy138 m
ngi, nhng ng ngi g c. nh, cc anh thng ni: Chng ai bit
136
Thn: nguyn vn ch Hn l . Trong cun C vn Trung Quc, c Nguyn
Hin L phin m l sn (Thiu Chu cng phin m l sn). (Goldfish).
137
on sau y l do ti chp thm: Tng Tch hu. Tng Tch vit: Ph tam t
gi chi ngn h nh? T vit: Dic cc ngn k ch d d h! Vit: Phu t h
thn Do d? Vit: Vi quc d l. (Goldfish).
138
Li ni nhn. Trong s mn , Tng Tch (cha Tng Sm) chc khng nh
tui hn Khng t bao nhiu.

Trang 103/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XI TIN TIN
ta. Nu c ngi bit th cc anh em ti g ra dng. T L vi vng
p: V nh mt nc c mt ngn c xe139, b p gia hai nc ln, li
c thm nn chin tranh, nhn dn chng i kh; Do ti m cm
quyn nc y th va y ba nm c th khin cho dn chng dng cm
m bit o l na. Khng t mm ci. Ri hi: Cu, cn anh th
no? p: Nh c mt nc vung vc, su by chc dm hoc nm
su chc dm140, Cu ti cm quyn nc y th va y ba nm c th
khin cho dn chng c no . Cn v l nhc th xin i bc qun
t. Xch, cn anh th no? p: V l nhc ti khng phi gii,
nhng xin c hc. Trong vic t t tn miu hoc trong hi ngh cc
ch hu, Xch ti mc o l huyn oan, i m chng ph m xin lm
mt tiu tng141. im, cn anh th no? Lc Tng Tch gy
n st va ngt, t n xung keng! m ng dy p: Ch ca
ti khc hn vi ba anh . Khng t bo: Hi g? Cng l ai ny t
ch ca mnh ra m thi. Tha: Nh by gi l cui thng xun, y
phc ma xun may xong142, nm su ngi va tui i mi143 vi
su by ng t dt nhau i tm sng Nghi ri ln hng mt nn V
Vu144 va i va ht, ko nhau v nh. Khng t trm ngm mt cht
ri than: Ta cng mun nh im vy. Ba mn sinh i ri, Tng Tch
li hi: Thy ngh sao v li ni ca ba anh kia? p: Cng u l
cho bit ch mnh vy thi. Hi: Nhng ti sao nghe anh Do ni, thy
li mm ci. p: Ngi tr nc phi theo l, anh Do khng bit
nhn nhng, nn ta mm ci145. Li hi: Li anh Cu ni chng phi
l vic nc sao? p: Mt a phng vung vc su by chc dm
hay nm su chc dm, chng phi l mt quc gia th l g? Li hi:
Th th anh Xch chng phi l vic tr nc sao?146. Vic tn miu v

139
Tc mt nc ch hu trung bnh khng vo hng nh.
140
Tc mt ch hu nh.
141
Mt chc quan nh coi vic l.
142
Nguyn vn: K thnh, c sch ging l mc xong.
143
Nguyn vn: qun gi, ngha l ngi lm l i m (l gia quan): thanh nin
ti 20 tui th lm l .
144
Sng Nghi L V Vu l mt ci n t, cao trng, mt m.
145
on: p: Ngi tr nc phi theo l, anh Do khng bit nhn nhng, nn
ta mm ci l do ti tm ghi thm. (Goldfish).
146
Tng Tch c cho Nhim Cu v Cng Ty Hoa cng khng khim tn v
mun tr nc. Nhng Khng t ch thi ca T L, ch khng ch ch hng
ca ai c, mc d ng thch ch hng ca Tng Tch hn. Bi ny l bi di nht
m cng l mt bi hay nht trong Lun ng. Chng ti ph bnh trong cun C
vn Trung Quc trang 24-25. Tao n xut bn 1966.

Trang 104/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XII NHAN UYN
vic hi ngh chng phi l vic ch hu l g? Anh Xch khim tn xin
d lm tiu tng, vy ch ai lm i tng?
THIN XII NHAN UYN
XII.1
Nhan Uyn vn nhn. T vit: Khc k phc l vi nhn. Nht nht
khc k phc l, thin h qui nhn yn. Vi nhn do k, nhi do nhn h
tai? Nhan Uyn vit: Thnh vn k mc. T vit: Phi l vt th, phi l
vt thnh, phi l vt ngn, phi l vt ng. Nhan Uyn vit: Hi tuy bt
mn, thnh s t ng h.
Dch. Nhan Uyn hi v c nhn. Khng t p: Khc k (ch
thng t dc) m tr v l (o l) th l nhn. Mt ngy khc k tr v
l, th khp thin h s khen c nhn ca mnh (c sch ging l s b
mnh cm ho m theo c nhn). Lm iu nhn l do mnh, ch u
c do ngi? Nhan Uyn hi tip: Xin thy ch cho con nhng iu
mc ( thc hnh). Khng t bo: Ci g khng hp l th ng nhn,
khng hp l th ng nghe, khng hp l th ng ni, khng hp l th
ng lm. Nhan Uyn tha: Hi con tuy khng minh mn cng xin
theo li thy dy.
Ch thch. Nhn l rt cng tm, hnh ng theo o l, theo ngha,
cho nn khc k phc l l nhn.
XII.2
Trng Cung vn nhn. T vit: Xut mn nh kin i tn, s dn
nh tha i t. K s bt dc, vt thi nhn. Ti bang v on, ti gia v
on. Trng Cung vit: Ung tuy bt mn, thnh s t ng h.
Dch. Trng Cung hi v c nhn. Khng t p: Ra khi ca th
(phi nghim trang) nh gp khch qu; sai khin dn th phi thn
trng nh trong mt cuc l ln, ci g mnh khng mun th ng lm
cho ngi147. Trong nc khng ai on mnh, trong nh mt i phu148
khng ai on mnh. Trng Cung tha: Ung con tuy khng minh mn
cng xin theo li thy.

147
Trng Cung tc Nhim Ung c Khng t khen l c th lm vua c.
148
Bi ny cng nh bi XII.20 ni v chnh tr. Ch gia [] ny khng phi l
nh ca Trng Cung m l nh ca mt i phu. Cc i phu thi nh ba h
Mnh, Thc, Qu L c p ring, c thnh tr, qun i ring, gn nh c mt
triu nh ring, quan li ca h l gia thn ca h. V p ca h gn nh mt nc
nh trong mt nc ln hn l L. (Bi VI.1) Khng t ging v nhn theo phng
din chnh tr. Nhn y l knh cn, thn trng, ngh ti dn.

Trang 105/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XII NHAN UYN
XII.3
T M Ngu vn nhn. T vit: Nhn gi, k ngn d nhn. Vit:
K ngn d nhn, t v chi nhn h h? T vit: Vi chi nan, ngn chi
c v nhn h?
Dch. T M Ngu hi v c nhn. Khng t p: Ngi c c
nhn th bit nhn li. Li hi: Bit nhn li m thnh ngi c c
nhn ? p: Lm th kh, (ni th d), vy chng nn nhn khi mnh
mun ni sao?
Ch thch. T M Ngu, h T M, tn Canh, t T Ngu, ngi
nc Tng, hc tr Khng t, c tnh hay ni v nng ny, cho nn
Khng t khuyn nh vy. l cch tu bnh m ra toa.
XII.4
T M Ngu vn qun t. T vit: Qun t bt u bt c. Vit: Bt
u bt c, t v chi qun t h h? T vit: Ni tnh bt cu, ph h u
h c.
Dch. T M Ngu hi th no l qun t. Khng t p: Ngi
qun t th khng lo, khng s. Li hi: Khng lo, khng s m thnh
ngi qun t . p: T xt mnh khng c iu g ng xu h th
cn s ni g?
XII.5
T M Ngu u vit: Nhn giai hu huynh , ng c v. T H
vit: Thng vn chi h: T sinh hu mnh, ph qu ti thin. Qun t
knh nhi v tht, d nhn cung nhi hu l. T hi chi ni giai huynh
d. Qun t h hon h v huynh d.
Dch. T M Ngu ru r bo: Ai cng c anh em, duy c ti l
khng? T H bo: Thng ti nghe ni: Sng cht c s, ph qu do
tri. Ngi qun t nghim tc m khng tht th, giao thip vi ai m
cung cn m l . Nh vy th ngi trong bn b u l anh em ca
mnh. Ngi qun t lo g khng c anh em.
Ch thch. C sch bo cu: T sinh hu mnh, ph qu ti thin
l li ca Khng t nn dch: Thng ti nghe thy ni Thi xa
ngi Trung Hoa cho rng nc h bn bn l bin bao vy, cho nn gi
Trung Hoa l hi ni, ngoi quc l hi ngoi.

Trang 106/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XII NHAN UYN
XII.6
T Trng vn minh. T vit: Tm nhun chi trm, phu th chi t,
bt hnh yn, kh v minh d d h. Tm nhun chi trm, phu th chi t,
bt hnh yn, kh v vin d d h.
Dch. T Trng hi th no l sng sut. Khng t p: Nhng
li gim pha thm nhun mi ngy mt cht, nhng li vu co nh m
vo da tht, nhng li nu khng tc ng g n ta th c th gi l
sng sut. Nhng li gim pha thm nhun mi ngy mt cht, nhng
li vu co nh m vo da tht, nhng li nu khng tc ng g n
ta th c th gi l bit nhn xa.
XII.7
T Cng vn chnh. T vit: Tc thc, tc binh, dn tn chi h. T
Cng vit: Tt bt c d nhi kh, t tam gi h tin? Vit: Kh
binh. T Cng vit: Tt bt c d nhi kh, t nh gi h tin? Vit:
Kh thc, t c giai hu t, dn v tn bt lp.
Dch. T Cng hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: Lng thc cho
, binh b cho , dn tin chnh quyn. T Cng hi: Trong ba iu
, nu bt c d phi b mt, th b iu no trc? p: Binh b.
T Cng li hi: Trong hai iu cn li, nu bt c d phi b mt
na, th b iu no trc? p: B lng thc. T xa vn c ngi
cht, nu dn khng tin chnh quyn th chnh quyn phi .
XII.8
Cc149 T Thnh vit: Qun t cht nhi d h, h d vn vi? T Cng
vit: Tch h! Phu t chi thuyt qun t d. T bt cp thit. Vn do
cht d, cht do vn d. H bo chi quch do khuyn dng chi quch.
Dch. Cc T Thnh (mt i phu nc V) bo: Ngi qun t
ch ci cht tt l , cn chi ti vn? T Cng ni: Tic thay ngi
lun v qun t (lm ln) nh vy. Mt li tht ra, bn nga ui khng
kp. Vn cng nh cht, cht cng nh vn (quan trng nh nhau). Da
cp da beo m co lp lng i th cng nh da ch da cu vy thi.
(Ngha l cht (da) m khng c vn (lng) th km gi tr).

149
Cc: nguyn vn ch Hn l . Ch ny trong Trang T v Nam Hoa Kinh,
thin Tiu Dao Du, c Nguyn Hin L c l Cch (ng Cch) v ch gii: ch
cc l gai y c l cch; cn c Nguyn Duy Cn th c l Cc.
(Goldfish).

Trang 107/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XII NHAN UYN
Ch thch. Sch Thuyt vn dch ngha quch [] l da co lng
ri, v vy m nhiu nh hiu nh chng ti dch. Nhng c ngi bo
quch ch c ngha l da, d cn lng hay co ri, v hiu li T Cng
nh sau: vn v cht quan trng nh nhau, vn nh da con cp con beo,
cht nh da con ch con cu, my th da u hu dng c. T bt
cp thit T [] vn c ngha l xe thng bn con nga.
XII.9
Ai cng vn Hu Nhc vit: Nin c, dng bt tc, nh chi h?
Hu Nhc i vit: Hp trit h? Vit: Nh, ng do bt tc, nh chi
h k trit d. i vit: B tnh tc, qun thc d bt tc? B tnh bt
tc, qun thc d tc?
Dch. Vua (L) Ai cng hi Hu Nhc: Nm nay mt ma, thu
khng tiu lm sao by gi? Hu Nhc p: Sao khng thu thu
theo php trit (tc mi phn thu mt)? Bo: Mi phn thu hai cn
khng tiu, hung h cn thu theo php trit. p: Trm h no
th lm sao nh vua thiu c? Trm h thiu thn th lm sao nh vua
c? (C ngi dch l: Dn no th vua thiu thn vi ai?).
XII.10
T Trng vn sng c, bin hoc. T vit: Ch trung tn, t150
ngha, sng c d. i chi, dc k sinh, chi dc k t, k dc k sinh,
hu dc k t, th hoc d.
Dch. T Trng hi th no l tn sng c hnh v khng m
hoc. Khng t p: Ly trung tn thnh thc lm ch, iu g khng
hp ngha th sa i, nh vy l tn sng c hnh. Khi yu th mun
ngi ta sng, khi ght th mun ngi ta cht, nh vy l m hoc.
Ch thch. Cui bi ny cn hai cu Thnh bt d ph, dic k d
d trong Kinh Thi, Tiu Nh, thin Ng hnh k d dn lm vo y,
nn cc sch u b.
XII.11
T Cnh cng vn chnh Khng t. Khng t i vit: Qun qun,
thn thn, ph ph, t t. Cng vit: Thin tai! Tn nh qun bt qun,
thn bt thn, ph bt ph, t bt t, tuy hu tc, ng c nhi thc ch.
Dch. T Cnh cng hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: Vua lm
ht o vua, b ti ht o b ti, cha ht o cha, con ht o con.
Cnh cng khen: Hay tht! Nu vua khng ra vua, b ti khng ra b
150
T (), c bn chp l (). (Goldfish).

Trang 108/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XII NHAN UYN
ti, cha khng ra cha, con khng ra con, th du c la, ta chc g n
c?
XII.12
T vit: Phin ngn kh d chit ngc gi, k Do d d?. T L v
tc nc.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ch nghe li ging ca mt bn m c th
phn quyt c vic kin tng (hoc vic quan), l anh Do chng? T
L ha iu g th lm ngay.
Ch thch. Mun phn quyt vic kin tng th ai cng phi nghe li
trnh by ca hai bn. Ti sao T L ch nghe mt bn m phn quyt
c? Ngi vit bi ny, sau khi chp li Khng t, ging: V T L
gi ch tn, cm ho c mi ngi, nn khng ai ni di vi ng, khai
vi ng iu g, tt phi ng, v vy ng khng phi nghe li trnh by
ca pha bn kia na. Cn mt cch hiu khc na: Phin ngn khng
phi l T L nghe li trnh by ca mt bn, m l T L ch ni ra na
li, cha ht cu, ngi ta tin phc ri, vic gii quyt xong ri.
XII.13
T vit: Thnh tng, ng do nhn d; tt d, s v tng h?
Dch. Khng t ni: Xt kin th ta cng nh ngi khc thi; phi
lm sao (dy dn phi bit ngha v nhng nhn) cho dn khng kin
nhau (th mi lm ch!).
XII.14
T Trng vn chnh. T vit: C chi v quyn, hnh chi d trung.
Dch. T trng hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: Gi chc v
th khng mt, khng chn, chp hnh chnh lnh th trung thnh.
XII.15
Bi ny trng vi bi VI.25.
XII.16
T vit: Qun t thnh nhn chi m, bt thnh nhn chi c. Tiu nhn
phn th.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t gip ngi lm vic thin,
khng gip ngi lm iu c (gip ngi thnh ngi tt, khng gip
ngi thnh xu). Tiu nhn tri li.

Trang 109/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XII NHAN UYN
XII.17
Qu Khang t vn chnh Khng t. Khng t i vit: Chnh gi,
chnh d. T sut d chnh, thc cm bt chnh.
Dch. Qu Khang t hi Khng t v chnh tr. Khng t p:
Chnh tr l chnh nh (ngay thng). ng lnh o dn mt chnh sch
chnh nh th ai dm khng chnh nh.
XII.18
Qu Khang t hon o, vn Khng t. Khng t i vit: Cu t
chi bt dc, tuy thng chi bt thit.
Dch. Qu Khang t lo nn trm cp, hi cch tr. Khng t p:
Nu ng khng c lng tham, d c thng h, h cng khng trm
cp.
XII.19
Qu Khang t vn chnh Khng t, vit: Nh st v o d tu hu
o, h nh. Khng t i vit: T vi chnh yn dng st? T dc
thin nhi dn thin h. Qun t chi c phong, tiu nhn chi c tho.
Tho thng chi phong tt yn.
Dch. Qu Khang t hi Khng t v php tr dn: Git k v o
(c c) cho k khc thnh hu o (lng thin) chng? Khng t
p: ng tr dn cn g phi dng bin php git ngi? ng mun
thin th dn s ha thin. c hnh ca ngi qun t (ngi tr dn)
nh gi, m c hnh ca dn nh c. Gi thi th c tt rp xung.
XII.20
T Trng vn: S h nh t kh v chi t h? T vit: H tai, nh
s v t gi. T Trng i vit: Ti bang tt vn, ti gia tt vn. T
vit: Th vn d, phi t d. Ph t d gi, cht trc nhi hiu ngha, st
ngn nhi quan sc, l d h nhn, ti bang tt t, ti gia tt t. Ph vn
d gi, sc th nhn nhi hnh vi, c chi bt nghi, ti bang tt vn, ti gia
tt vn.
Dch. T Trng hi: K s (k lm quan) nh th no th c th
gi l t? Khng t hi li: Theo anh, t l th no? T Trng
p: Lm quan mt nc c ting tm, lm gia thn cho mt nc c
ting tm. Khng t bo: Nh vy l ting tm ch khng phi t.
Ngi t th cht phc chnh trc m thch lm iu ngha, bit xt li
ni, quan st nt mt ca ngi khc (m hiu tm h), bit suy ngh
khim nhng di ngi: nh vy lm quan mt nc s t, lm

Trang 110/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XII NHAN UYN
gia thn cho mt i phu s t. Cn ngi c ting tm th b ngoi
lm b nhn c m hnh vi tri nhn c, th m vn tin chc rng
mnh nhn c. Nh vy lm quan mt nc s c ting tm, lm gia
thn mt i phu s c ting tm.
XII.21
Phn Tr tng du V Vu chi h, vit: Cm vn sng c, tu thc,
bin hoc. T vit: Thin tai vn! Tin s, hu c, phi sng c d?
Nht triu chi phn, vong k thn d cp k thn, phi hoc d?
Dch. Phn Tr tn b vi Khng t chn n V Vu, tha: Con
xin hi thy th no l tn sng c hnh, tr ci xu trong lng,
khng m hoc? Khng t p: Cu hi hay! Lm iu lnh trc
ri mi lm kt qu151, nh vy khng phi l tn sng c hnh sao?
T trch li ca mnh, m khng trch li ca ngi, nh vy khng
phi l tr ci xu trong lng sao? Trong mt lc tc gin m qun mt
mnh i, lin lu cha m, nh vy khng phi l m hoc sao?
XII.22
Phn Tr vn nhn. T vit: i nhn. Vn tr. T vit: Tri nhn.
Phn Tr v t. T vit: C trc th ch ung, nng s ung gi trc.
Phn Tr thoi kin T H, vit: Hng d, ng kin phu t nhi vn
tr. T vit: C trc th ch ung, nng s ung gi trc, h v d?
T H vit: Ph tai ngn h! Thun hu thin h, tuyn chng, c
Cao Dao, bt nhn gi vin h. Thang hu thin h, tuyn chng, c Y
Don, bt nhn gi vin h.
Dch. Phn Tr hi v c nhn. Khng t p: Yu ngi. Hi v
c tr, p: Bit ngi. Phn Tr cha hiu r, Khng t ging thm:
bt ngi chnh trc ln trn ngi cong queo th c th khin cho
ngi cong queo ho ra chnh trc. Phn Tr lui ra, kim T H hi:
Mi ri, ti v yt kin thy, hi v tr. Thy bo: bt ngi chnh
trc ln trn ngi cong queo th c th khin cho ngi cong queo ho
ra chnh trc. Nh vy ngha l sao? T H p: Li thy hm sc
lm. ng Thun khi c thin h (ln ngi thin t) tuyn chn trong dn
chng m bt ng Cao Dao, m nhng k bt nhn u xa lnh. ng
Thang khi c thin h, tuyn chn trong dn chng m bt ng Y
Don, m nhng k bt nhn u xa lnh.

151
Cu ny cng nh cu tin nan nhi hu hoch trong bi VI.20. Nn so snh
bi ny vi bi XII.10.

Trang 111/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIII T L
Ch thch. Cao Dao l hin thn vua Thun. Y Don l hin thn
vua Thang.
XII.23
T Cng vn hu. T vit: Trung co nhi thin o chi, bt kh tc
ch, v t nhc yn.
Dch. T Cng hi v cch c x vi bn b. Khng t p: (Bn
c li) th trung thnh bo bn v kho lo khuyn rn, bn b khng
nghe th thi ng ni na mang nhc.
XII.24
Tng T vit: Qun t d vn hi hu, d hu ph nhn.
Dch. Tng T ni: Ngi qun t dng vn chng hp bn,
dng bn gip nhau tin ln c nhn.
THIN XIII T L
XIII.1
T L vn chnh. T vit: Tin chi, lao chi. Thnh ch. Vit: V
quyn.
Dch. T L hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: Phi lm trc
nhng cng vic ca dn, phi kh nhc v dn. T L xin thy ging
thm. ng ni: Lm khng bit mt.
Ch thch. C ngi hiu l: Phi lm trc cng vic thin lm
gng cho dn. C ngi bo ch [] c l lo, v dch: phi v v
an i dn.
XIII.2
Trng Cung vi Qu th t, vn chnh. T vit: Tin hu ti, x tiu qu,
c hin ti. Vit: Yn tri hin ti nhi c chi? Vit: C nh s tri. Nh
s bt tri, nhn k x ch?
Dch. Trng Cung lm quan t cho h Qu, hi v php tr dn.
Khng t p: ch thn thng sut cc vin hu ti (cc vin chc
di quyn quan t), tha nhng li nh ca h, bt nhng ngi hin
ti. Trng Cung li hi: Lm sao bit c ngi hin ti m bt?
p: C bt nhng ngi anh bit, cn nhng ngi anh khng bit
th ngi khc l no b h (m khng gii thiu)?

Trang 112/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIII T L
XIII.3
T L vit: V qun i t nhi vi chnh, t tng h tin? T vit:
Tt d chnh danh h? T L vit: Hu th tai, t chi vu d, h k
chnh. T vit: D tai, Do d! Qun t k s bt tri, ci khuyt nh
d. Danh bt chnh tc ngn bt thun, ngn bt thun tc s bt thnh,
s bt thnh tc l nhc bt hng, l nhc bt hng tc hnh pht bt
trng, hnh pht bt trng, tc dn v s th th tc. C qun t danh chi
tt kh ngn d; ngn chi tt kh hnh d. Qun t k ngn, v s cu
nhi d h.
Dch. T L hi: Nu vua V m gi thy li m nh thy coi chnh
s th thy lm vic g trc? Khng t p: Tt phi chnh danh
trc ht chng?
T L ni: Vy ? Li thy vu khot ri. Sao li phi chnh danh?
Khng t ni: Do, anh tht th thin. Ngi qun t c iu g khng
bit th khng ni by. Nu danh (hiu) khng chnh (xc) th li ni
khng thun l (v danh hiu khng hp thc t); li ni khng thun th
s vic khng thnh; s vic khng thnh th l nhc, ch khng kin
lp c; l nhc, ch khng kin lp c th hnh pht khng
trng; hnh pht khng trng th dn u bit t tay chn vo u
(khng bit lm th no cho phi). Cho nn ngi qun t dng ci
danh g th tt ni ra c (ni phi thun l); ni iu g th tt phi
lm c. i vi li ni, ngi qun t khng th cu th c.
Ch thch. Thi vua V l Xut Cng Trip, chng c vi cha.
(cha Trip l Khoi Qu chng Nam T m Khoi Qu v dm lon;
m Trip li c Nam T a ln lm vua c Khoi Qu). Nh vy
l cha khng ra cha, con khng ra con, vua khng ra vua, ti khng ra
ti, danh khng chnh. Khng t mun ni rng, vic u tin phi xin
thin t nh Chu lp mt cng t khc lm vua V, cho danh chnh ngn
thun ri nc mi yn.
XIII.4
Phn Tr thnh hc gi. T vit: Ng bt nh lo nng. Thnh hc vi
ph. Vit: Ng bt nh lo ph.
Phn Tr xut. T vit: Tiu nhn tai, Phn Tu d! Thng hiu l,
tc dn mc cm bt knh; thng hiu ngha, tc dn mc cm bt phc;
thng hiu tn, tc dn mc cm bt dng tnh. Ph nh th, tc t
phng chi dn cng ph k t nhi ch h, yn dng gi?

Trang 113/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIII T L
Dch. Phn Tr xin hc lm rung. Khng t bo: Ta khng bng
mt nng dn gi. Li xin hc lm vn. Khng t bo: Ta khng
bng mt ngi lm vn gi.
Phn Tr ra ri, Khng t ni: Phn Tu (tc Phn Tr) b lu thay!
Ngi trn ham iu l th dn khng dm khng knh; ngi trn ham
lm iu ngha th dn khng dm khng phc tng; ngi trn ham c
thnh tn th dn khng dm khng trung trc. c nh vy th dn
bn phng s chu, cng con m ti, h tt phi hc lm rung.
XIII.5
T vit: Tng thi tam bch, th chi d chnh, bt t; s t phng,
bt nng chuyn i. Tuy a, dic h d vi?
Dch. Khng t ni: c ba trm thin Kinh Thi, giao cho vic
chnh tr m lm khng nn; sai i s bn phng m khng bit ng
i, nh vy c nhiu lm g?
XIII.6
T vit: K thn chnh, bt lnh nhi hnh; k thn bt chnh, tuy lnh
bt tng.
Dch. Khng t ni: Mnh m chnh ng (ngay thng, ng
hong), d khng ra lnh, dn cng theo; mnh khng chnh ng, tuy ra
lnh, dn cng chng theo.
XIII.7
T vit: L V chi chnh, huynh d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Chnh tr ca nc L v nc V ging nhau
nh anh em.
Ch thch. Vua L l hu du ca Chu Cng, vua V l hu du ca
Khang Thc, m Chu Cng v Khang Thc l anh em rut, Nhng
chng ta khng bit Khng t mun ch hai nc L, V thi ng l suy
lon nh nhau (nc V thi qu suy); hay mun khen hai nc y
cn gi c truyn thng c, v vn ha, c hi vng ci thin c, v
vy m ng trc sau nm ln ti V, mun gip V? C theo bi VI.22
ng khen L, th bi ny cng c th ng khen na.
XIII.8
T v V cng t Kinh thin c tht. Thy hu, vit: Cu hp h.
Thiu hu, vit: Cu hon h. Ph hu, vit: Cu m h.

Trang 114/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIII T L
Dch. Khng t khen cng t Kinh nc V l kho tnh vic nh
(kim tin thi tc). Khi mi c ca ci, cng t Kinh bo: Tm cho l
c ca ri; khi tng ln mt cht, bo: Tm ri; khi giu c, bo:
K nh tt p qu ri.
XIII.9
T thch V, Nhim Hu bc. T vit: Th h tai! Nhim Hu vit:
K th h, hu h gia yn? Vit: Ph chi. Vit: K ph h, hu h
gia yn? Vit: Gio chi.
Dch. Khng t ti nc V, Nhim Hu nh xe. Khng t ni:
Dn ng nh? Nhim Hu hi: ng dn ri th (nh cm quyn)
phi lm g thm na? p: Lm cho dn giu. Hi: Dn giu
ri, phi lm g thm na? p: Gio ho dn.
XIII.10
T vit: Cu hu dng ng gi, c nguyt nhi d kh d, tam nin hu
thnh.
Dch. Khng t ni: C ai dng ta (cm quc chnh) th mt nm
cng k kh, ba nm s thnh cng.
XIII.11
T vit: Thin nhn vi bang bch nin, dic kh d thng152 tn kh
st h. Thnh tai th ngn d.
Dch. Khng t ni: C nhn c cu: Nu c ngi thin lin tc
tr nc trong sut mt trm nm th c th khin k tn bo thun phc
m b hnh pht chm git. Li y rt ng.
XIII.12
T vit: Nh hu vng gi, tt th nhi hu nhn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Nh c bc thnh nhn lm thin t th phi
mt mt i (30 nm) th mi ngi mi c nhn o c.
XIII.13
T vit: Cu chnh k thn h, tng chnh h h hu? Bt nng
chnh k thn, nh chnh nhn h?
Dch. Khng t ni: Nu gi thn mnh cho oan chnh th tng s
chnh tr c g kh? Khng gi thn mnh cho oan chnh th lm sao
sa cho ngi khc oan chnh c?

152
Thng (): c bn chp l dng (). (Goldfish).

Trang 115/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIII T L
Ch thch. Bi ny ngha nh bi XIII.
XIII.14
Nhim T thoi triu, T vit: H n d? i vit: Hu chnh. T
vit: K s d. Nh hu chnh, tuy bt ng d, ng k d vn chi.
Dch. Nhim t triu nh (triu nh ring ca h Qu) v. Khng
t hi: Sao v tr vy? C vic quyt chnh. Khng t ni: Ta ng
ch l gia s (ca h Qu)153. Nu vic quc chnh th tuy ta khng ti
chc, tt cng c d nghe154.
XIII.15
nh cng vn: Nht ngn nhi kh d hng bang, hu ch? Khng
t i vit: Ngn bt kh d nhc th k c d. Nhn chi ngn vit: Vi
qun nan, vi thn bt d. Nh tri vi qun chi nan d, bt c h nht ngn
nhi hng bang h. Vit: Nht ngn nhi tng bang, hu ch? Khng
t i vit: Ngn bt kh d nhc th k c d. Nhn chi ngn vit:
D v lc h vi qun, duy k ngn, nhi mc d vi d. Nh k thin, nhi
mc chi vi d, bt dic thin h? Nh bt thin nhi mc chi vi d, bt c
h nht ngn nhi tng bang h?
Dch. Vua nh cng nc L hi: Mt li ni c th lm cho nc
nh hng thnh, c vy sao? Khng t p: Li ni khng hn c tc
ng c nh vy, c th gn c vy. (V d) ngi i ni: Lm
vua kh, lm b ti khng d. Nu bit lm vua kh (m phi ht sc
cn thn) th mt li ni c h chng lm cho nc nh hng thnh
c y ? Vua nh cng li ni: Mt li ni c th lm cho mt
nc, c vy khng? Khng t p: Li ni khng hn c tc ng
c nh vy, c th gn c vy. (V d) ngi i ni: Ta lm vua
chng c g vui c, ngoi ci vui ny, ta ni ra khng ai dm tri li ta.
Vua ni li phi m khng ai dm tri li th chng hay lm sao?
Nhng nu vua ni iu quy m khng ai dm tri li th c h mt li
ni chng lm cho mt nc y ?

153
Bi ny chc l ca mn sinh Nhim Hu chp, nn gi l Nhim t ch khng
gi l Nhim. Nhim Hu lc lm quan t cho h Qu, m h Qu chuyn
quyn, khng em vic quc chnh (vic quan trng trong nc) bn triu nh
L, m em bn ring vi gia thn ca mnh. C sch ging: chnh l vic quan
trng, cn s l vic chp hnh hng ngy.
154
Lc ny Khng t khng cm quyn nc L nhng lm chc i phu th
c quyn d nghe vic quan trng trong nc.

Trang 116/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIII T L
XIII.16
Dip cng vn chnh. T vit: Cn gi duyt, vin gi lai.
Dch. Quan lnh don huyn Dip (nc S) hi v php tr dn.
Khng t p: Phi lm sao cho ngi gn vui lng, ngi xa qui
phc.
XIII.17
T H vi C Ph t, vn chnh. T vit: V dc tc, v kin tiu li.
Dc tc tc bt t. Kin tiu li tc i s bt thnh.
Dch. T H lm quan t p C Ph155, hi v php tr dn. Khng
t p: ng mun mau thnh, ng ch nhn ci li nh. Mun mau
thnh th khng t mc ch, ch nhn ci li nh th vic ln khng
thnh.
XIII.18
Dip cng ng Khng t vit: Ng ng hu Trc Cung gi, k ph
nhng ng nhi t chng chi. Khng t vit: Ng ng chi trc gi
d th. Ph v t n, t v ph n, trc ti k trung h.
Dch. Quan lnh don huyn Dip ni vi Khng t: Lng ti c
mt ngi ngay thng tn l Trc Cung156, cha bt trm cu, con i t
co157. Khng t ni: Ngi ngay thng lng ti khc vy. Cha giu
ti cho con, con giu ti cho cha, s ngay thng ch .
XIII.19
Phn Tr vn nhn. T vit: C x cung, chp s knh, d nhn
trung. Tuy chi di ch, bt kh kh d.
Dch. Phn Tr hi v c nhn. Khng t p: Khi nhn c phi
nghim cung, khi lm vic phi nghim trang, cn thn, giao thip vi ai
phi trung thc. D ti nc di dch cha khai ho, cng khng th b
ba iu y.

155
p C Ph thuc nc L. (Goldfish).
156
Trc Cung, l anh Cung ngay thng (Cung l tn). C sch cho trc cung ch c
ngha l ngi ngay thng.
157
Ch chng [] hi xa ch c ngha t co (theo Thuyt vn); ngy nay mi
c ngha l lm chng. Khng t khuyn cha phi nhn t, con phi hiu; con t
co cha l bt hiu, cho nn ng cho l khng ngay thng, khng hp o.

Trang 117/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIII T L
XIII.20
T Cng vn vit: H nh t kh v chi s h? T vit: Hnh k hu
s, s t phng, bt phc qun mnh, kh v s h. Vit: Cm vn k
th. Vit: Tn tc xng hiu yn, hng ng xng yn. Vit:
Cm vn k th. Vit: Ngn tt tn, hnh tt qu, khanh khanh nhin
tiu nhn tai! c dic kh d vi th h. Vit: Kim chi tng chnh gi h
nh? T vit: Y! u sao chi nhn, h tc ton d158.
Dch. T Cng hi: Th no ng gi l k s (k ra lm quan).
Khng t p: Hnh vi ca mnh th bit h thn (khng lm iu xu);
i bn phng th khng lm nhc mnh vua; nh vy c th gi l k
s. Li hi: Xin thy cho hng thp hn na. Khng t ni: H hng
khen l hiu, lng xm khen l . Li hi: Xin thy cho hng thp
hn na. Khng t ni: Li ni nht nh phi tn thc, hnh vi nht
nh phi qu quyt (khng xt xem l c nn khng), nh vy tuy sc
cnh, c chp, hp hi, nhng cng ng l k s bc thp. Li hi:
Nhng ngi tng chnh hin nay ra sao? Khng t ni: i! Hng
ngi kh nh nhen nh ci u, ci sao (mt phn nm hay mt na
ci u) y, ng k g!
XIII.21
T vit: Bt c trung hng159 nhi d chi, tt d cung quyn h!
Cung gi tin th, quyn gi hu s bt vi d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Khng c hng ngi trung chnh (theo
trung o) truyn o (hoc giao thip) th tm hng ngi cung
phng hoc cn hu gi tit tho vy. Ngi cung phng c tinh thn
tin th, ngi cn hu gi tit tho th khng chu lm iu xu.
XIII.22
T vit: Nam nhn hu ngn vit: Nhn nhi v hng, bt kh d tc
vu y. Thin ph! Bt hng k c, hoc tha chi tu. T vit: Bt
chim nhi d h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi phng Nam c cu: Ngi no
khng c hng tm (tm tnh hay thay i) th khng th lm thy cng,

158
on t Ngn tt tn n cui bi, ti ln lt ghi thm my ch nhin
tiu nhn, chi tng v nhn, h vo cc ch m ebook ngun chp ba du
chm: Ngn tt tn, hnh tt qu, khanh khanh tai! c dic kh d vi th h.
Vit: Kim chnh gi h nh? T vit: Y! u sao chi tc ton d.
(Goldfish).
159
Hng: nguyn vn ch Hn l ; ebook ngun chp l hnh. (Goldfish).

Trang 118/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIII T L
thy thuc c. Li phi lm! Qu Hng (trong Kinh Dch, ho 3),
c cu: Khng gi c c hng (m hay thay i tm , tho th) th
thng b h thn160. Khng t ni: (Cu c khuyn ngi no
khng c c hng tm th) ng nn coi qu l hn161.
XIII.23
T vit: Qun t ha nhi bt ng, tiu nhn ng nhi bt ha.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t ho hp nhng khng a dua, k
tiu nhn a dua m khng ho hp.
Ch thch. Ch Ho [] (ho hp) c ngha l a kin ca
mnh ra, gp vi kin ca ngi bn bc vi nhau ri tin ti s
thng nht. ng [] l: ph ho vi ngi, ngi ni sao mnh cng
ni theo, ch khng dm a kin ca mnh ra cng nhau bn bc.
C ngi hiu khc: Ngi qun t giao tip vi ngi th gi nim
ho lc nhng chng ng tnh trong vic quy, k tiu nhn giao tip
vi ngi th ng tnh trong vic quy nhng chng gi nim ho lc.
Hiu nh vy cng c l, nhng ngha khng su sc nh trn. Chng ta
li nn ch : ngy nay t ng ho nhi bt ng thng dng mt
ngha hi khc: ch trng (chng hn v chnh tr, tn gio) ca
mnh vi ngi khc nhau th mnh cng khng kch ngi, vn tm
cch hp tc vi ngi c, vn ho vi ngi (v hai bn cng theo
ui mt mc ch c) m vn khng thay i ch trng ca mnh (bt
ng).
XIII.24
T Cng vn vit: Hng nhn giai hiu chi, h nh? T vit: V
kh d. Hng nhn giai chi, h nh? T vit: V kh d, bt
nh hng nhn chi thin gi hiu chi, k bt thin gi chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Mi ngi trong lng u a, ngi ra
sao? Khng t p: Cha hn l ngi tt. (Li hi): Mi ngi
160
Cu: Bt hng k c, hoc tha chi tu trong Kinh Dch, c Nguyn Hin L
dch nh sau: Khng thng gi c ci c ca mnh, c khi b xu h.
(Goldfish).
161
Chng ti thy cu ny kh hiu, tm dch theo Triu Thng v on v tm
hay thay i th coi qu ri cng khng tin, m ri s gp vic h thn. C ngi
dch l: Khng t ni: Ti ngi ta khng chim nghim n li ni y thi. C
ngi li hiu l: Ngi qun t i vi Kinh Dch nu nghin ngm li chim
nghim th bit c rng thiu c hng, tt s phi h thn. Vy s d khng c
c hng, lm vic m khng c c hng, ch v khng xem li chim nghim m
thi.

Trang 119/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIII T L
trong lng u ght, ngi ra sao? Khng t p: Cha hn l
ngi xu. Khng bng ngi m tt trong lng u a, nhng ngi
xu trong lng u ght.
Ch thch. C ngi hiu: Mi ngi trong lng, ta u a, hoc
mi mnh trong lng ta u ght, khng bng la nhng ngi tt trong
lng m a, nhng ngi xu trong lng m ght. Cch hiu ny v l:
ght mi ngi trong lng th vi ai? Khng th c trng hp
c.
XIII.25
T vit: Qun t d s nhi nan duyt d. Duyt chi bt d o, bt
duyt d; cp k s nhn d, kh chi. Tiu nhn nan s nhi d duyt d.
Duyt chi tuy bt d o duyt d; cp k s nhn d, cu b yn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t d phng s m kh lm cho
vui lng. Khng dng chnh o ly lng h th h khng vui lng;
n khi sai khin ngi th h tu theo ti nng mi ngi m giao vic.
K tiu nhn kh phng s m d lm vui lng. Khng dng chnh o
ly lng h, h cng vui lng; n khi sai khin ngi th h trch b
cu ton.
XIII.26
T vit: Qun t thi nhi bt kiu, tiu nhn kiu nhi bt thi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t th thi m khng kiu cng,
k tiu nhn kiu cng m khng th thi.
XIII.27
T vit: cng ngh, mc nt, cn nhn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Cng cng, qu cm, cht phc, n ni
chm chp th gn vi c nhn.
XIII.28
T L vn vit: H nh t kh v chi s h. T vit: Thit thit, t
t, di di nh d, kh v s h. Bng hu thit thit, t t, huynh di di.
Dch. T L hi: Th no th c th gi l k s? Khng t p:
Thit tha khuyn nh, v ho vui, th c th gi l k s. Bn b th thit
tha khuyn nh nhau, anh em th ho vui vi nhau.
Ch thch. K s trong bi XIII.20 l k s ra lm quan. K s trong
bi ny c th cha ra lm quan.

Trang 120/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
XIII.29
T vit: Thin nhn gio dn tht nin, dic kh d tc nhung h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Bc thin nhn (ngi cm quyn tt) dy dn
by nm th c th dng dn vo vic chin u c.
XIII.30
T vit: D bt gio dn chin, th v kh chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: a dn khng c dy d ra nh gic, tc
l b dn.
Ch thch. Trong hai bi cui ny, ch gio [] c ngha l dy
dn v chin thut, canh nng, nht l o lm ngi, lm dn na, cho
nn mi lu ti by nm. Dn c bit yu ngi thn, hi sinh cho ngi
trn th mi hng hi chin u; c bit lm rung khi khng phi giao
chin th mi t tc c, khng thiu thn (thi dng chnh sch
ng binh nng). Mt nh vn , Alberto Moravia, trong cun La
Rvolution culturelle de Mao (Flammarion 1968) hiu khc hn: Phi
dy dn by nm cho dn bm sinh hiu ho thnh hiu chin, vn
hin lnh thnh tn bo, ri mi cho dn ra chin u c. Tht l bi
nh Khng t.
THIN XIV HIN VN
XIV.1
Hin162 vn s. T vit: Bang hu o, cc; bang v o, cc, s d.-
Khc, pht, on, dc, bt hnh yn, kh d vi nhn h. T vit: Kh d
vi nan h, nhn tc ng bt tri d.
Dch. Hin hi th no l iu xu h. Khng t p: Nc c o
(chnh tr tt) th c th lm quan c; nc v o (chnh tr xu) m
lm quan th xu h. (Hin li hi): Hiu thng, khoe khoang, on
hn, tham dc, nhng vic khng lm, th c th gi l nhn c
ch? Khng t p: Nh vy l lm c nhng vic kh, cn nhn
hay khng th ta cha bit.
XIV.2
T vit: S nhi hoi c, bt tc d vi s h.
Dch. Khng t ni: K s no m ngh n vic cho c an dt,
th cha phi l k s.

162
Hin, tc Nguyn Hin, t T T, hc tr ca Khng t. (Goldfish).

Trang 121/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
XIV.3
T vit: Bang hu o, nguy ngn nguy hnh; bang v o, nguy
hnh ngn tn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Nc c o (chnh tr tt), ngn ng chnh
trc, hnh vi chnh trc; nc v o th hnh vi chnh trc, ngn ng
khim tn.
Ch thch. Ch [], c ngi c l hnh, ngha cng i khi nh
vy.
XIV.4
T vit: Hu c gi tt hu ngn, hu ngn gi bt tt hu c.
Nhn gi tt hu dng, dng gi bt tt hu nhn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi c c th tt c li ni hay, ngi c
li ni hay cha hn c c. Ngi nhn tt dng cm, ngi dng
cm cha hn c c nhn.
XIV.5
Nam Cung Qut vn Khng t vit: Ngh thin x, Ngo (hay
Nghiu) ng chu, cu bt c k t nhin. V, Tc cung gi nhi hu
thin h. Phu t bt p. Nam Cung Qut xut. T vit: Qun t tai
nhc nhn! Thng c tai nhc nhn!
Dch. Nam Cung Qut hi Khng t: Ngh bn gii, Ngo dng
thuyn m xung st (thu chin), ri u bt c k t. ng V, ng Tc
u cy la m sau c thin h. Khng t khng p. Nam Cung Qut
ra ri, ng bo: Ngi y tht qun t, ngi y tht bit trng o
c!
Ch thch. Ngh l vua nc Hu Cng, bn cung gii, dit vua H
Hu Tng m cp ngi; sau b b ti l Hn Trc git cp. Ngo
l con ca Hn Trc gii thu chin (c sch ging ng chu l y
c thuyn trn cn Chng ti theo ch thch ca Triu Thng), sau
b vua Thiu Khang nh H git. ng V c cng dp nn nc lt,
c vua Thun nhng ngi cho. ng Tc t gieo la ging, dy dn
cy cy, l thu t ca nh Chu cho nn cng gi l c thin h. Nam
Cung Qut c ch cc vua ng thi khng trng c m ch trng
v lc, nn Khng t khng tin tr li.

Trang 122/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
XIV.6
T vit: Qun t nhi bt nhn gi hu h ph! V hu tiu nhn nhi
nhn gi d163.
XIV.7
T vit: i chi, nng vt lao h? Trung yn, nng vt hi h?
Dch. Khng t ni: Yu ai m khng dy ngi chu kh nhc
? Trung vi ai m khng khuyn ngi theo iu chnh ?
XIV.8
T vit: Vi mnh, T Thm tho sang chi, Th Thc tho lun chi,
hnh nhn T V tu sc chi, ng L T Sn nhun sc chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Khi (nc Trnh) lm t lnh ngoi giao th
giao T Thm khi tho, Th Khc tho lun thm, quan coi vic i s l
T V sa cha, T Sn ng L nhun sc li.
XIV.9
Hoc vn T Sn. T vit: Hu nhn d. Vn T Ty. Vit: B tai!
B tai! Vn Qun Trng. Vit: Nhn d. ot B Th Bin p tam bch
phn s t, mt x, v on ngn.
Dch. C ngi hi v T. Khng t p: Mt ngi nhn t, yu
dn. Hi v T Ty. p: Con ngi y! con ngi y! (c ch).
Hi v Qun Trng. p: Mt ngi c bit (cc sch ging l mt
ngi c cng ln vi nc T). Vua (Hon Cng) nc T ly p Bin
gm ba trm h ca B Th thng cho ng y, B Th (ho ngho) phi
n ung m bc, vy m ti cht khng h on hn.
Ch thch. Cc sch xa ch thch T Ty l mt lnh don ca
nc S; nhng cc nh gn y cho l mt i phu nc Trnh ni chc
T Sn, khi T Sn cht. Thuyt sau c phn ng. V ngi hi chc c
mun so snh ba v tng quc: Qun Trng tng quc nc T, hai
ngi kia l tng quc nc Trnh.
XIV.10
T vit: Bn nhi v on, nan; ph nhi v kiu, d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngho m khng on hn, iu kh; giu
m khng kiu cng, d hn.
163
Cu ny trong ebook ngun khng c li dch. Nguyn Thin Th dch nh sau:
c Khng T ni: Ngi qun t c khi l k bt nhn ch k tiu nhn cha
bao gi lm c iu nhn. (Goldfish).

Trang 123/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
XIV.11
T vit: Mnh Cng Xc vi Triu, Ngy lo tc u, bt kh d vi
ng,Tit i phu.
Dch. Khng t ni: Mnh Cng Xc lm gia thn cho h Triu,
h Ngu th rt tt, lm i phu nc ng, nc Tit th khng c.
Ch thch. Triu v Ngu l hai i phu nc Tn. Tit, ng l hai
nc nh thi . Khng t cho Mnh Cng Xc l c c m thiu
ti.
XIV.12
T L vn thnh nhn. T vit: Nhc Tang V Trng chi tr, Cng
Xc chi bt dc, Bin Trang t chi dng, Nhim Cu chi ngh, vn chi
d l nhc, dic kh d vi thnh nhn h. Vit: Kim chi thnh nhn gi,
h tt nhin? Kin li t ngha, kin nguy th mnh, cu yu bt vong
bnh sinh chi ngn, dic kh d vi thnh nhn h?
Dch. Khng t ni: T L hi th no l ngi hon ton. Khng
t p: Thng minh sng sut nh Tang V Trng, khng tham lam m
lim khit nh (Mnh) Cng Xc, dng cm nh Trang t p Bin, ti
ngh nh Nhim Cu, li hc thm l ngha, thy nguy th khng tic
tnh mnh, c hn vi ai t lu m vn khng qun, nh th cng c
th thnh ngi hon ton c.
Ch thch. Tang V Trng l con ca Tang Vn Trng trong bi
V.17. Trang t l dng s nc L.
XIV.13
T vn Cng Thc Vn T Cng Minh Gi vit: Tn h? Phu t
bt ngn, bt tiu, bt th h? Cng Minh C i vit: D co gi qu
d. Phu t thi nhin hu ngn, nhn bt ym k ngn, lc nhin hu
tiu, nhn bt ym k tiu, ngha nhin hu th, nhn bt ym k th. T
vit: K nhin? Khi k nhin h?
Dch. Khng t hi Cng Minh Gi (ngi V) v Cng Thc Vn
T (mt i phu nc V): C thc l Cng Thc Vn T khng ni,
khng ci, khng nhn vt tng, phi khng? Cng Minh Gi p:
Ngi no ni vy l qu ng. ng Cng Thc Vn T khi ng ni
mi ni nn ngi ta nghe m khng chn; c vui mi ci nn ngi ta
thy ci m khng chn; ng nhn vt g th mi nhn nn ngi ta
thy ng nhn m khng ch. Khng t ni: Tht vy ? C th tht
nh vy c ?

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DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
XIV.14
T vit: Tang V Trng d Phng cu vi hu L, tuy vit bt yu
qun, ng bt tn d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Tang V Trng ly p Phng xin vua L
cho con chu mnh lm ch p , tuy l ni l khng yu sch vua, ta
cng khng tin.
XIV.15
T vit: Tn Vn Cng quyt nhi bt chnh, Hon cng chnh nhi bt
quyt.
Dch. Khng t ni: Tn Vn Cng xo quyt m khng chnh i;
T Hon Cng chnh i m khng xo quyt.
Ch thch. Tn Vn Cng v T Hon Cng u l nhng B i
Xun Thu.
XIV.16
T L vit: Hon Cng st cng t C, Triu Ht t chi, Qun Trng
bt t. Vit: V nhn h? T vit: Hon Cng cu hp ch hu, bt d
binh xa, Qun Trng chi lc d. Nh k nhn, nh k nhn?
Dch. T L bo: (T) Hon Cng git cng t C, Thiu Ht cht
theo cng t C, Qun Trng th khng. Ri li ni: Nh vy Qun
Trng cha ng gi l nhn chng? Khng t ni: Hon Cng chn
ln hp ch hu m khng phi dng v lc uy hip h, l ti sc
ca Qun Trng. Nhn c ca ng y , nhn c ca ng y
.
Ch thch. Thiu Ht v Qun Trng u th cng t C, em T
Hon Cng. Cng t C b Hon Cng git v tranh quyn vi mnh.
Thiu Ht cht theo cha. Qun Trng khng cht theo cha, li cn
lm tng quc gip cho Hon Cng na. V vy T L ch l bt nhn.
Khng t cho vic cht theo cha l ci tit tho nh, m khen Qun
Trng khng dng v lc m dn c yn n, nhn c ca Qun
Trng . Quan nim trung qun ca ng rng ri ch khng hp hi
nh i sau. Gip dn gip nc, iu quan trng hn gi tit vi
vua. Cu hp ch hu: chn ln hp ch hu; thc ra l mi mt ln,
c l ch cu [] (chn) nn sa l ch c []164 (kt hp) th phi hn.
Cu cui c ngi dch l: Ai m nhn c c bng ng y.
164
Ch ny ti chp theo bi ng trn trang
http://www.guoxue123.com/zhibu/0301/02lhjs/020.htm (bi ny cn nu mt

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DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
XIV.17
T Cng vit: Qun Trng phi nhn gi d? Hon Cng st cng t
C, bt nng t, hu tng chi? T vit: Qun Trng tng Hon
Cng, b ch hu, nht khung thin h, dn o vu kim th k t. Vi
Qun Trng, ng k b pht, t nhm h. Khi nhc tht phu, tht ph
chi vi lng d, t kinh cu c nhi mc chi tri d?
Dch. T Cng bo: Qun Trng khng phi l ngi nhn chng?
Hon Cng git cng t C, Qun Trng khng cht theo m cn lm
tng quc cho Hon Cng. Khng t ni: Qun Trng gip Hon
Cng, khin Hon Cng lm b (lnh t) cc ch hu, thin h qui v
mt mi, nhn dn n nay cn mang n ng. Nu khng c ng th
chng ta ngy nay phi gic tc, mc o c vt bn tri (nh Di,
ch)165 ri. ng h phi nh bn tht phu, tht ph tm thng, t treo
c ni ngi, rnh m chng ai bit ti ?
XIV.18
Cng Thc Vn T chi thn i phu Son, d Vn t ng thng ch
cng. T vn chi, vit: Kh d vi vn h.
Dch. i phu Son l gia thn ca Cng Thc Vn t, nh Vn t
tin c m cng Vn t c thng lm i phu triu nh. Khng t
hay tin , bo: (Cng Thc Vn t) ng c t tn thu l Vn166.
XIV.19
T ngn V Linh Cng chi v o d. Khang T vit: Ph nh th,
h nhi bt tng? Khng t vit: Trng Thc Ng tr tn khch, Chc
tr tn miu, Vng Tn Gi tr qun l. Ph nh th, h k tng?
Dch. Khng t ni v chuyn vua V Linh Cng l ngi v o.
Khang t hi: Nh vy sao khng mt ngi vua? Khng t p: C
Trng Thc Ng coi vic ngoi giao, Ch coi vic t t, Vng Tn
Gi coi vic qun. Dng ngi nh vy, sao mt ngi c?
Ch thch. Khang t l Qu Khang t, i phu nc L.

thuyt na l ch cu c ngha l con s cc ln: cu gi s chi cc


); cn T in Thiu Chu th chp l: v ging nh sau: () Mt
m l cu hp, nh Hon Cng cu hp ch hu vua Hon
Cng t hp cc ch hu, cng ngha vi ch c . (Goldfish).
165
ni Qun Trng c cng chng Di, ch. Coi tiu s Qun Trng trong
Gng danh nhn ca chng ti xut bn nm 1959.
166
Xem li bi V.14. (Goldfish).

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DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
XIV.20
T vit: K ngn chi bt tc tc vi chi d nan.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ni khoc lc m khng thn th kh lm c
nh li mnh ni.
XIV.21
Trn Thnh t th Gin Cng. Khng t mc dc nhi triu, co Ai
Cng vit: Trn Hng th k qun, thnh tho chi? Cng vit: Co ph
tam t! Khng T vit: D ng tng i phu chi hu, bt cm bt co
d. Qun vit: Co phu tam t gi! Chi tam t co bt kh. Khng t
vit: D ng tng i phu chi hu, bt cm bt co d.
Dch. Trn Thnh t (tn Hng, i phu nc T) git Gin Cng
(vua T). Khng t ( v tr s L) tm gi ri vo triu tu vi L Ai
Cng: Trn Hng git vua, xin xut binh hi ti hn. Ai Cng ni:
ng nn ni vi ba nh (tc ba quyn thn Mnh Tn, Thc Tn, Qu
Tn). Khng t ra i, ni: V ti i sau hng i phu nn khng dm
tu vic y vi vua. Vua bo nn ni vi ba nh. i ni vi ba nh,
khng ai chu. Khng t i v ni: V ti theo sau hng i phu, nn
khng dm khng bo co vic y.
XIV.22
T L vn s qun. T vit: Vt khi d, nhi phm chi.
Dch. T L hi v vic th vua. Khng t p: Khng nn la gt
vua, nhng khng ngi xc phm vua (m phi dm can gin).
XIV.23
T vit: Qun t thng t, tiu nhn h t.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t hng ln cao (o c) m
mong t ti; k tiu nhn hng xung thp (ti li) m mong t
c.
XIV.24
T vit: C chi hc gi v k, kim chi hc gi v nhn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi xa hc v mnh, ngi i nay hc v
ngi (ngha l cho ngi ta bit ti mnh).

Trang 127/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
XIV.25
C B Ngc s nhn Khng t. Khng t d chi ta nhi vn yn,
vit: Phu t h vi? i vit: Phu t dc qu k qu nhi v nng d.
S gi xut, T vit: S h! S h!
Dch. C B Ngc (i phu nc V, tui cao, c ln, khi Khng
t ti V, thng nh ng y) sai ngi li thm Khng t. Khng t
mi ngi ngi, ri hi: C phu t lc ny lm g? Ngi p:
Phu t mun bt lm li i m cha c. Khi ngi ra v, Khng
t khen: Ngi i s gii! Ngi i s gii!
XIV.26
T vit: Bt ti k v, bt mu k chnh. (on ny trng vi bi
VIII.14, khng dch li). Tng t vit: Qun t t bt xut k v.
Dch. Tng t ni: Ngi qun t ngh ngi trong chc v ca
mnh.
Ch thch. Cu ny c ngha nh cu trn nn sp chung mt bi.
XIV.27
T vit: Qun t s k ngn nhi qu k hnh.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t thn rng ni nhiu m lm t.
Ch thch. C ngi hiu rng: Ngi qun t h thn, rt r v
li ni m c gng gi, c sc v vic lm.
XIV.28
T vit: Qun t o gi tam, ng v nng yn: nhn gi bt u, tr
gi bt hoc, dng gi bt c. T Cng vit: Phu t t o d.
Dch. Khng t ni: o ngi qun t gm c ba m ta cha lm
c: ngi nhn khng lo bun, ngi tr khng nghi hoc, ngi
dng khng s hi. T Cng ni: Thy t ni khim nh vy y.
(Thy ni v thy y).
XIV.29
T Cng phng nhn. T vit: T d, hin h tai? Ph ng tc bt
h.
Dch. T Cng hay so snh ngi ny vi ngi khc. Khng t
ni: Anh T gii th ? Ta th khng rnh so snh ngi.
XIV.30
T vit: Bt hon nhn chi bt k tri, hon k bt nng d.

Trang 128/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
Dch. Khng t ni: ng lo khng ai bit mnh, ch lo mnh khng
c ti c ngi ta bit n.
XIV.31
T vit: Bt nghch tr, bt c bt tn, c dic tin gic gi, th hin
h!
Dch. Khng t ni: Khng tin liu rng ngi ta gt mnh, ng
c on ngi ta khng tin mnh, nhng khi gp nhng ngi nh vy,
mnh bit c ngay, nh vy l hin y!
XIV.32
Vi Sinh Mu167 v Khng t vit: Khu h vi th th th gi d? V
ni vi nnh h? Khng t vit: Phi cm vi nnh d, tt c d.
Dch. Vi Sinh Mu ni vi Khng t: Ny Khu, sao ng khng
yn m c lng xng i du thuyt nh vy? ng mun t ci khu ti
ca mnh chng? Khng t p: Ti khng dm t khu ti, ch ght
hng ngi ngoan c thi.
XIV.33
T vit: K bt xng k lc, xng k c d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi ta khen con nga K khng phi v n
c sc m v n thun lng.
XIV.34
Hoc vit: D c bo on, h nh? T vit: H d bo c? D
trc bo on, d c bo c.
Dch. C ngi ni: Ly c m bo on, nn khng? Khng t
p: Th th ly g bo c? C chnh trc m bo on, v ly c m
bo c (ly n hu p n hu).
XIV.35
T vit: Mc ng tri d ph! T Cng vit: H vi k mc tri t d?
T vit: Bt on thin, bt vu nhn, h hc nhi thng t, tri ng gi
k thin h!
Dch. Khng t than: Khng c ai hiu ta c! T Cng hi: Sao
thy li than khng ai hiu thy? Khng t p: Ta khng on tri,
khng trch ngi, hc t vic thp l nhn s m t ln ti thin l.
Hiu ta ch c tri chng?

167
Vi Sinh Mu: mt n s nc L. (Goldfish).

Trang 129/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
Ch thch. Theo S k ca T M Thin th Khng t than nh vy
sau khi xy ra vic bt c con ln, ng bit rng o ng khng dng
c.
XIV.36
Cng B Liu t T L Qu Tn. T Phc Cnh B d co vit:
Phu t c hu hoc ch Cng B Liu, ng lc do nng t ch th
triu. T vit: o chi tng hnh d d, mnh d; o chi tng ph
d d, mnh d. Cng B Liu k nh mnh h!
Dch. Cng B Liu (mt i phu nc L) gim pha T L vi Qu
Tn (quyn thn ca L). T Phc Cnh B ni vi Khng t: Phu t
(tc Qu Tn) nghi ng T L v li gim pha ca Cng B Liu. Ti c
sc (bin oan cho T L) lm cho Cng B Liu b git cht, b bu
thy ch hoc triu nh. Khng t ni: o (ti) m thi hnh c
l do mnh tri, hay b b ph cng do mnh tri. Cng B Liu lm sao
i c mnh tri?
Ch thch. T L gip Qu Tn thi hnh o ca Khng.
XIV.37
T vit: Hin gi t th, k th t a, k th t sc, k th t ngn168.
Dch. Khng t ni: Bc hin nhn trnh i m n, hng thp
hn trnh nc lon m qua nc khc, hng thp hn na trnh nhng
k khng c l , hng cui trnh nhng li ni khng hp mnh.
Ch thch. Khng t tuy ni theo th t trc sau, nhng khng c
phn bit cao thp, ch l tu cnh ng m thi. Nh cu bang v o
tc n l trng hp th nht; cu lon bang bt c l trng hp th
nh; cu l mo suy bt kh chi trong Mnh t Co t h l trng
hp th ba; trng hp cui cng nh khi T Cnh Cng bo vi Khng
t rng mnh gi ri, khng thi hnh c chnh sch ca Khng t v
Khng t b i bi XVIII.3 sau.
XIV.38
T vit: Tc gi tht nhn h.
Dch. Khng t ni: (Nc L c) by ngi hnh ng nh
vy ri (tc i n).
168
T: nguyn vn ch Hn ca bn ch t trong bi ny l: (c l tch,
ngha l lnh ra, lnh i). Theo trang
http://big5.zhengjian.org/articles/2007/10/18/48801p.html th ch ng ngha
vi ch (c l t, ngha cng tng t). (Goldfish).

Trang 130/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
Ch thch. Bi ny ni tip vi bi trn. C ngi ging tc []
l ng dy (b i n) Khng r by ngi l ai, mi thuyt mt
khc.
XIV.39
T L tc Thch Mn. Thn mn vit: H t? T L vit: T
Khng th. Vit: Th tri k bt kh nhi vi chi gi d?
Dch. T L ngh m Thch mn ( ngoi thnh nc L). Ngi
m ca thnh bui sng hi: ng u n y? T L p: T nh
h Khng n. Ngi ni: C phi ci ng bit khng th lm
c m vn c lm khng?
XIV.40
T kch khnh V, hu h qu nhi qu khng th chi mn gi, vit:
Hu tm tai, kch khnh h. K nhi vit: B tai! Khanh khanh h!
Mc k tri d, t d nhi d h. Thm tc l, thin tc kh169. T vit: Qu
tai! Mt chi nn h.
Dch. Khng t ang nh ci ci khnh (bng ) nc V, c
ngi vc st c i qua ca, bo: C ho thay, ngi nh khnh
! Ri ngi y li ni: B lu thay! Ting khnh lanh lnh y!
Ngi ta khng bit mnh th thi, i cho xong. (Kinh Thi, Bi phong
c cu): Li nc su th c o, li nc cn th vn o ln. Khng
t nghe c bo: ngi ta kin quyt tht! Ta cng chng ci ngi
lm g.
Ch thch. Nhiu sch cho ch [] c l nan v ging cu cui
nh sau: Qu tht l ngi qun i (hoc: Qu tht nh vy ?). Mun
nh th th khng kh g; hoc: Ngi y qu quyt, gt gng thay!
chng ngh n nhn tm th o th i sng c kh g?
XIV.41
T Trng vit: Th vn: Cao tn lng m, tam nin bt ngn. H
v d? T vit: H tt Cao Tn? C chi nhn giai nhin. Qun hong,
bch quan tng k, d thnh trng t, tam nin.

169
Nguyn vn ch Hn c cu Kinh Thi l: . Ch kh ,
Thiu Chu c l yt. Trong bi th Phng cung ngm ca Tu Trung thng
s i ng c cu: , nhiu nh phin m l: Thm tc l h
thin tc yt, ring thin s Vn Hnh trong bi o Pht i vo cuc i, phin
m ch l k (http://www.quangduc.com/xahoi/03cuocdoi8.html). (Goldfish).

Trang 131/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIV HIN VN
Dch. T Trng hi: Kinh Th c cu: ng Cao Tn tang,
ci nh tang, ba nm khng ni n vic nc. Th ngha l sao?
Khng t p: No ring g vua Cao Tn, ngi xa u nh vy c.
Vua c mt, trm quan u lo chc v ca mnh di lnh ca t tng,
nh vy ba nm (trong khi vua mi c tang).
Ch thch. Coi vic ng Vn Cng tang cho cha theo o Nho,
trong Mnh t ng Vn Cng thng, bi 2).
XIV.42
T vit: Thng hiu l tc dn d s d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi trn ham l ngha th dn d sai khin.
XIV.43
T L vn qun t, T vit: Tu k d knh Vit: Nh t nhi d
h? Vit: Tu k d an nhn. Vit: Nh t nhi d h? Vit: Tu k d
an bch tnh. Tu k d an bch tnh, Nghiu Thun k do bnh ch?
Dch. T L hi th no l qun t. Khng t p: Sa mnh thnh
knh cn. T L li hi: Ch c vy thi ? Khng t p: Sa mnh
cho ngi khc c yn tr. Li hi: Ch c vy thi ? p: Sa
mnh cho trm h yn tr. Sa mnh m trm h yn tr, du Nghiu,
Thun e cng kh lm c thay.
XIV.44
Nguyn nhng di s. T vit: u nhi bt tn , trng nhi v thut
yn, lo nhi bt t, th vi tc. D trng khu k hnh.
Dch. Nguyn Nhng (mt bn gi ca Khng t) ngi xoc chn
ra i Khng t. Khng t ni: Hi nh anh khng bit knh thun
ngi ln; ln ln khng lm c g ng khen; gi ri m khng cht.
Nh vy ch bo hi ngi ta thi. Ni ri ly gy g vo ng chn ca
Nguyn Nhng.
Ch thch. Nguyn Nhng l con ngi phng tng, b c l php.
XIV.45
Khuyt ng ng, t tng mnh. Hoc vn chi vit: ch gi d?
T vit: Ng kin k c v d, kin k d tin sinh tnh hnh d. Phi
cu ch gi d, dc tc thnh gi d.
Dch. Mt a tr lng Khuyt c Khng t sai trong vic truyn
t li ng, mi khi c khch kha. C ngi hi: Thng b hc
tn ch ? Khng t p: Ti thy n ngi cng ch vi ngi ln.

Trang 132/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XV V LINH CNG
Nh vy l n khng tin b ln ln, m mun mau thnh ngi ln, nn
ti sai n vy cho n bit l php.
THIN XV V LINH CNG
XV.1
V Linh Cng vn trn Khng t. Khng t i vit: Tr u chi
s, tc thng vn chi h, qun l chi s, v chi hc d. Minh nht toi
hnh. Ti Trn tuyt lng, tng gi bnh, mc nng hng. T L un
hin, vit: Qun t dic hu cng h? T vit: Qun t c cng, tiu
nhn cng t lm h.
Dch. Vua V Linh Cng hi Khng t v chin trn. Khng t p:
V vic t t, l kh th ti tng nghe c, cn v qun l th ti
cha hc. Sng hm sau, ng ri nc V. nc Trn ng b ht
lng, cc mn sinh theo hu b bnh, khng ngi dy c. T L ut
hn, hi ng: Ngi qun t cng c khi cng khn ? Khng t p:
Ngi qun t c khi cng khn cng l l c nhin (hoc: ngi qun
t c khi khn cng th c gi t cch ca mnh); k tiu nhn khn
cng th phng tng, lm cn.
Ch thch. Khng hiu ti sao hai vic trn cc sch u sp chung
vo mt bi. So snh bi ny vi bi IV.15.
XV.2
T vit: T d, nh d d vi a hc nhi ch chi gi d? i vit:
Nhin. Phi d? Vit: Phi d, d nht d qun chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Anh T, anh cho ta hc nhiu m nh ht
chng? T Cng p: Vng. Khng phi vy sao? Khng t ni:
Khng phi vy, ta tm mt iu cn bn m khi qut, thng sut c.
Ch thch. C ngi bo ch qun [] y c ngha l lm, tp.
Nht d qun chi l ghi nh iu tai nghe ri ly thc tin (tc qun)
lm cn bn. Thuyt ny kh tin c.
XV.3
T vit: Do, tri c gi tin h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Do (T L) ngi bit o c (ngha l)
t lm.
XV.4
T vit: V vi nhi tr gi, k Thun d d! Ph h vi tai? Cung k
chnh Nam din nhi d h.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN XV V LINH CNG
Dch. Khng t ni: Khng lm g m thin h bnh tr, l vua
Thun y chng? Ch knh cn, oan chnh quay mt v phng Nam
(ngi trn ngai) th thi. (Nh kho gio ho v c b ti hin).
XV.5
T Trng vn hnh. T vit: Ngn trung tn, hnh c knh, tuy
Man, Mch chi bang, hnh h. Ngn bt trung tn, hnh bt c knh, tuy
chu l, hnh h tai? Lp, tc kin k tham tin d, ti d tc kin k
hnh d, ph nhin hu hnh. T Trng th ch thn.
Dch. T Trng hi lm cch no i u cng trt lt. Khng t
p: Li ni trung thc, ng tin, hnh vi phi thn thit, knh cn, nh
vy d n nc Man, nc Mch (cc nc lc hu phng Nam,
phng Bc) cng trt lt. Li ni khng trung thc, ng tin, hnh vi
khng thn thit, knh cn, th d trong lng, trong chu (mt chu
gm 2500 nh) ca mnh cng lm sao trt lt c? Khi ng, thy ci
ta mi ni nh trc mt; khi ngi xe, thy n da trn ci ch. Phi
nh vy ri mi trt lt. T Trng chp ngay vo dy ai.
XV.6
T vit: Trc tai, S Ng! Bang hu o nh th, bang v o nh
th. Qun t tai, C B Ngc! Bang hu o tc s, bang v o tc kh
quyn nhi hoi chi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngay thng nh ng S Ng, nc c o,
ng thng nh mi tn, nc v o ng cng thng nh mi tn. Qun
t thay ng C B Ngc! Nc c o th lm quan, nc v o th lui
v n (dch tng ch l thu ci ti ca mnh m ct i).
Ch thch. S Ng l mt i phu ca nc V. C B Ngc cng
l mt i phu ca nc V, coi bi XIV.25.
XV.7
T vit: Kh d ngn, nhi bt d chi ngn, tht nhn; bt kh d
ngn nhi d chi ngn, tht ngn. Tr gi bt tht nhn, dic bt tht
ngn.
Dch. Khng t ni: ng ni chuyn vi ai m khng ni, l mt
mt ngi (tt). Khng ng ni chuyn vi ai m ni, l ph li. Ngi
sng sut khng b mt ngi, cng khng ph li.
XV.8
T vit: Ch s, nhn nhn, v cu sinh d hi nhn, hu st thn d
thnh nhn.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN XV V LINH CNG
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi s c ch v ngi c c nhn khng
cu sng m lm hi iu nhn, m c khi hi sinh tnh mng thnh
iu nhn.
XV.9
T Cng vn vi nhn. T vit: Cng dc thin k s, tt tin li k
kh. C th bang d, s k i phu chi hin gi, hu k s chi nhn gi.
Dch. T Cng hi v s tu dng c nhn. Khng t p: Ngi
th mun lm vic cho kho th trc ht phi c dng tt. (Cng
vy, mun tu dng c nhn, cn c thy, bn). nc no th tm ng
i phu no hin m th, tm ngi nhn m lm bn.
XV.10
Nhan Uyn vn vi bang. T vit: Hnh H chi thi, tha n chi l,
phc Chu chi min, nhc tc Thiu V170. Phng Trnh thanh, vin nnh
nhn. Trnh thanh dm, nnh nhn i.
Dch. Nhan Uyn hi v php tr nc. Khng t p: Theo lch
nh H, ngi xe nh n, i m min nh Chu, nhc th theo nhc Thiu
v V. Cm ging ht nc Trnh, xa k nnh. Ging ht nc Trnh
dm, k nnh nguy him.
XV.11
T vit: Nhn v vin l tt hu cn u.
Dch. Khng t ni: Khng lo xa th tt c ci bun gn171.
XV.12
T vit: D h h, ng v kin hiu c nh hiu sc gi d.
(Bi ny trng vi bi IX.17, ch thm ba ch: D h h ngha l: Thi
i ht mong ri)

170
Ch v [] y l iu ma. C sch cho l ch Thun [] in nhm v ging
l nhc Thiu ca vua Thun. C sch li bo ch v dng nh ch v [], v
ging l nhc v (ca V vng nh Chu). Lch nh H ly thng dn lm thng
ging nh ngy nay; lch nh n ly thng su (tc thng chp m lch ngy nay);
nh Chu ly thng t (tc thng 11 ngy nay) lm thng ging. Theo lch nh H th
tin cho nh nng hn. Xe nh n kin c, khng hoa m nh xe nh Chu. M
min nh Chu p hn.
171
C l ebook ngun chp thiu ch Ngi (Ngi khng lo xa). (Goldfish).

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DCH V CH THCH THIN XV V LINH CNG
XV.13
T vit: Tang Vn Trng, k thit v gi chi172? Tri Liu H Hu chi
hin nhi bt d v173 d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Tang Vn Trng trm chc v chng?
(Khng xng, khng lm trn chc v). Bit ng Liu H Hu l ngi
hin m khng tin c ng y ng triu nh vi mnh.
Ch thch. Liu H Hu, ngi L, h Trin, tn Hoch, x Liu
H, c nhn c.
XV.14
T vit: Cung t hu nhi bc trch nhn, tc vin on h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Trch mnh th nghim, trch ngi th nh,
nh vy trnh c on. (Ngi khng on mnh m mnh cng khng
on ngi).
XV.15
T vit: Bt vit: Nh chi h, nh chi h gi, ng mt nh chi h
d d h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi no khng t hi: Lm sao y, lm
sao y? th ta chng bit phi i x vi ngi lm sao (chng c
cch no ch bo cho ngi c).
XV.16
T vit: Qun c chung nht, ngn bt cp ngha, hiu hnh tiu tu,
nan h tai!
Dch. Khng t ni: Tm t vi nhau sut ngy, khng bn v o
l m thch lm nhng iu khn vt, tht l kh s c (hoc l kh
tin c).
XV.17
T vit: Qun t ngha d vi cht, l d hnh chi, tn d xut chi, tn d
thnh chi, qun t tai!

172
Chi: cc bn trn mng chp l d (). (Goldfish).
173
V: nguyn vn ch Hn l . Nhiu bn chp l lp (). Theo trang
http://202.118.167.114/kc1/demo/GHY/wx/12-gushuyiyijuli2.htm th hai ch v
v lp l ng t. (Goldfish).

Trang 136/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XV V LINH CNG
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t ly ngha lm gc, theo l m
lm, ni nng khim tn, nh thnh tn m nn vic, nh vy tht l
ngi qun t.
XV.18
T vit: Qun t bnh v nng yn, bt bnh nhn chi bt k tri d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t bun v mnh khng c ti nng
ch khng bun v ngi ta khng bit mnh.
XV.19
T vit: Qun t tt mt th nhi danh bt xng yn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t hn rng ti cht m khng ai
bit ting mnh. (Khng lm g ngi ta khen mnh).
XV.20
T vit: Qun t cu ch k, tiu nhn cu ch nhn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t cu mnh, k tiu nhn cu
ngi.
XV.21
T vit: Qun t cng nhi bt tranh, qun nhi bt ng.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t nghim trang gi lp trng
m khng tranh vi ai, ho hp (cng tc) vi mi ngi m khng b
ng.
XV.22
T vit: Qun t bt d ngn c nhn, bt d nhn ph ngn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t khng v li ni phi ca mt
ngi m c ngi (v cn xt c hnh ca ngi na), khng
v phm hnh ca ngi m khng nghe li ni phi ca ngi .
XV.23
T Cng vn vit: Hu nht ngn, nhi kh d chung thn hnh chi gi
h? T vit: K th h! K s bt dc, vt thi nhn.
Dch. T Cng hi: C mt ch no sut i lm theo c
khng? Khng t p: C l l ch th chng? Ci g mnh khng
mun th ng lm cho ngi.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN XV V LINH CNG
XV.24
T vit: Ng chi nhn d, thy hy, thy d? (C ngi c l d).
Nh hu s d gi, k hu s th h. T dn d, tam i chi s d trc
o nhi hnh d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta i vi ngi c ch ai, khen ai (qu ng)
u? Khen ai th ta nghim trc (xem ngi c tt khng), cn
ch ngi i nay th ta c theo o thng ca ba i (H, Thng,
Chu).
XV.25
T vit: Ng do cp s chi khuyt vn d, hu m gi, t nhn tha
chi. Kim v h ph.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta cn c thy (i xa) trong sch s b
trng ch tn nghi, v ngi c nga cho ngi khc mn ci (
hun luyn gim cho), ngy nay khng cn thy nhng vic y na.
XV.26
T vit: Xo ngn lon c. Tiu bt nhn tc lon i mu.
Dch. Khng t ni: Li ni kho th lm bi hoi o c. Vic
nh khng nhn c th lm hng mu ln.
XV.27
T vit: Chng chi, tt st yn; chng hiu chi, tt st yn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Mt ngi b mi ngi ght th ta phi xt
xem c tht ng ght khng; c mi ngi a, ta cng phi xt xem
c ng a khng?
XV.28
T vit: Nhn nng hong o, phi o hong nhn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi ta c th lm cho o174 rng ln ln,
o khng lm cho con ngi rng ln c.
Ch thch. mun ni: con ngi ch ng, lm cho o sng
thm, rng thm c; nu con ngi b ng, c c chp, gi ng o
th o ch lm cho con ngi ho hp hi thi. Trch nhim ngi
ch khng phi o.

174
Ch o ny v ch o sau, trong ebook ngun u chp l o c. Ti
theo cun Khng t m b hai ch c i. (Goldfish).

Trang 138/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XV V LINH CNG
XV.29
T vit: Qu nhi bt ci, th v qu h!
Dch. Khng t ni: C li m khng sa, nh vy mi tht l c
li!
XV.30
T vit: Ng thng chung nht bt thc, chung d bt tm, d t175,
v ch, bt nh hc d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta c ln sut ngy khng n, trn m khng
ng, suy ngh nhng v ch, khng bng hc.
XV.31
T vit: Qun t mu o bt mu thc. Canh d, ni ti k trung h.
Hc d, lc ti k trung h. Qun t u o bt u bn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t mu cu t o, ch khng
mu cu chuyn n. Cy rung (vn mu cu vic n) m c khi gp
nm mt ma, khng c n; cn hc o (vn khng phi mu cu vic
n) nhng c lc c bng lc. Ngi qun t lo khng t o ch
khng lo ngho.
XV.32
T vit: Tr cp chi, nhn bt nng th chi, tuy c chi, tt tht chi.
Tr cp chi, nhn nng th chi, bt trang d l chi, tc dn bt knh. Tr
cp chi, nhn nng th chi, trang d l chi, ng chi bt d l, v thin d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ti tr tr dn (c ngi hiu l
bit mi l) m khng bit dng c nhn gi dn, th mt dn. Ti
tr tr dn, bit dng nhn ngha gi dn, m i i vi dn
khng trang nghim th dn khng knh. Ti tr tr dn, bit dng
nhn c gi dn, bit trang nghim i i vi dn, m khng bit
dng l c v dn theo th cha hon ton tt.
Ch thch. Bi ny ni v cch tr dn: phi c ti tr, c c nhn,
thi trang nghim, gio ho bng l.
XV.33
T vit: Qun t bt kh tiu tri, nhi kh i th d. Tiu nhn bt
kh i th nhi kh tiu tri d.

175
Ebook ngun khng c hai ch d t. (Goldfish).

Trang 139/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XV V LINH CNG
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t c th khng bit vic nh
nht, nhng c th m ng c vic ln; k tiu nhn khng th
m ng c vic ln, nhng c th bit c vic nh nht.
Ch thch. C ngi hiu l: Ly vic nh nht m xt th khng
bit c ti cn ca ngi qun t, nhng ngi qun t c th m
ng c vic ln; k tiu nhn khng m ng c vic ln,
nhng ly vic nh nht m xt th bit c ti cn ca h.
XV.34
T vit: Dn chi nhn d, thm thy ha. Thy ha ng kin o
nhi t gi h, v kin o nhn nhi t gi d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Nhn dn i vi o nhn, coi o nhn cn
thit hn nc la. M (nc la cn c khi nguy him) c ngi sa
xung nc, dm vo la m cht, (ch o nhn tuyt nhin khng
nguy him), cha thy ai theo o nhn m cht.
XV.35
T vit: ng nhn, bt nhng s.
Dch. Khng t ni: Lm iu nhn th du thnh mnh, mnh cng
khng nhng.
Ch thch. Nhn l iu ai cng nn lm, ht sc m lm, khng c
s tranh chp, m cng khng c s nhng nhau.
XV.36
T vit: Qun t trinh, nhi bt lng.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t gi vng chnh ngha, khng c
chp iu tn nh nht.
XV.37
T vit: S qun, knh k s nhi hu k thc.
Dch. Khng t ni: Th vua th phi cn trng trong cng vic ri
sau mi ngh n bng lc.
XV.38
T vit: Hu gio v loi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Bt lun hng ngi no (giu ngho, sang
hn, thng minh, n n) ta cng dy.
Ch thch. C ngi dch: K thin hay c, ta cng dy Hiu nh
vy ngha qu hp.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN XVI QU TH
XV.39
T vit: o bt ng, bt tng vi mu.
Dch. Khng t ni: o (hay ch th176) khng ging nhau, th
khng mu tnh vi nhau c.
XV.40
T vit: T t nhi d h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Li ct din t th thi.
XV.41
S Min hin. Cp giai, T vit: Giai d. Cp tch, T vit: Tch
d. Giai ta, T co chi vit: M ti t, m ti t. S Min xut. T
Trng vn vit: D s ngn chi o d? T vit: Nhin. C tng s
chi o d.
Dch. Nhc s (m) tn Min n thm. Bc gn n thm, Khng
t ni: y l thm. Bc gn ti chiu, Khng t ni: y l
chiu. Mi ngi u ngi ri, Khng t ni vi nhc s: ng m
ngi kia, ng m ngi kia. Nhc s ra v ri, T Trng hi: Php ni
vi nhc s nh vy phi khng? Khng t p: Phi. l php
gip, dt dn nhc s (m lo).
THIN XVI QU TH
XVI.1
Qu th tng pht Chuyn Du. Nhim Hu, Qu L kin Khng t
vit: Qu th tng hu s Chuyn Du. Khng t vit: Cu, v ni
nh th qu d? Ph Chuyn Du, tch gi tin vng d vi ng Mng
ch, th ti bang vc chi trung h, th x tc chi thn d. H d pht vi?
Nhim Hu vit: Phu t dc chi, ng nh thn gi giai bt dc d.
Khng t vit: Cu, Chu Nhm hu ngn vit: Trn lc tu lit, bt
nng gi ch. Nguy nhi bt tr, in nhi bt ph, tc tng yn dng b
tng h. Th nh ngn qu h, h t177 xut hp, qui ngc hy c
trung, th thy chi qu d? Nhim Hu vit: Kim ph Chuyn Du, c
nhi cn Ph, kim bt th, hu th tt vi t tn u. Khng t vit:
Cu, qun t tt ph x vit dc chi nhi tt vi chi t. Khu d, vn hu
quc hu gia gi, bt hon qu178, nhi hon bt qun, bt hon bn179, nhi

176
Ch hng chp lm thnh ch th chng? (Goldfish).
177
T: nguyn vn ch Hn l . Ch ny Thiu Chu c l hu. (Goldfish).
178
C ngi bo nn sa ch qu thnh ch bn.

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DCH V CH THCH THIN XVI QU TH
hon bt an. Ci qun v bn, ha v qu, an v khuynh. Ph nh th, c
vin nhn bt phc, tc tu vn c d lai chi. L lai chi, tc an chi. Kim
Do d Cu d, tng phu t, vin nhn bt phc nhi bt nng lai d bang
phn bng li tch nhi bt nng th d, nhi mu ng can qua bang ni.
Ng khng Qu Tn chi u, bt ti Chuyn Du, nhi ti tiu tng chi ni
d.
Dch. H Qu sp nh Chuyn Du (mt nc ph dung ca nc
L, tc mt nc nh ph thuc vo L). Nhim Hu v Qu L (tc T
L) vo yt kin Khng t, tha: H Qu sp nh Chuyn Du. Khng
t ni: Cu (Nhim Hu), l ci li ca anh chng? Nc Chuyn
Du, tin vng (nh Chu) lm ch t ni ng Mng, m li
trong khu vc nc nh, vy l b ti ca x tc, sao li em qun nh
ngi ta180. Nhim Hu tha: Thy Qu (Tn) mun vy, ch hai
chng con l gia thn khng mun. Khng t mng: S thn Chu
Nhm hi xa bo: Tn lc lm chc v mnh, nu khng c th nn
t chc i. Nc nguy bin m khng bit bo v, nc nghing ng
m khng bit chng , th ai dng mnh gip lm g? V li, anh
ni by ri, (th hi) con h, con tru rng (hoc con t ngu) x ci,
mai ra v ngc qu b nt trong rng th thuc v ai. Nhim Hu
tha: Nc Chuyn Du thnh quch kin c m li gn p Ph (ca
h Qu). Nay h Qu khng chim ly th s thnh mi lo cho con chu
i sau. Khng t ni: Ny Cu, ngi qun t rt ght k vin l ny
l khc bin h cho lng tham ca mnh. Khu ny, nghe ni ngi
c nc c nh (tc p phong ca i phu) khng lo ngho thiu m lo
s phn phi khng qun bnh, khng lo t dn m lo x tc khng
yn181. Phn phi qun bnh th dn khng ngho; ho thun th dn s
khng t, x tc yn n th chnh quyn khng nghing . Nh vy m
ngi xa khng phc th sa vn c ngi ta n vi mnh, h n
vi mnh ri lm sao cho h c yn n. Nay anh Do (T L) v anh
Cu gip phu t h Qu, ngi xa khng phc m khng bit lm cho
ngi ta n vi mnh, nc chia r la tan m khng bit bo v, li
tnh gy chin trong nc, ta e rng mi lo con chu h Qu khng

179
Ch bn ny nn sa lm ch qu nh vy mi hp vi qun v bn sau.
Rt c l. Chng ti s dch theo nh vy.
180
Thi nc L chia lm bn phn, h Qu chim hai phn; h Mnh v Thc,
mi h chim mt phn, nay h Qu mun chim c nc Chuyn Du v phn
mnh.
181
Chng ti theo hai ch thch trn, mc du nguyn vn vn nh c.

Trang 142/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVI QU TH
phi nc Chuyn Du u m ngay sau bc bnh phong (tc ngay
trong nh) y.
Ch thch. Bi ny chng ti dch trong cun Nh gio h Khng
(Co Thm, 1972), nay dch li. Coi li ph bnh vn tt ca chng ti
trong Nh gio h Khng, tr.63.182
XVI.2
Khng T vit: Thin h hu o, tc l nhc, chinh pht t thin t
xut; thin h v o, tc l nhc, chinh pht t ch hu xut. T ch
hu xut, ci thp th hi bt tht h. T i phu xut, ng th hi bt tht
h; bi thn chp quc mnh, tam th hi bt tht h. Thin h hu o,
tc chnh bt ti i phu! Thin h hu o, tc th nhn bt ngh.
Dch. Khng t ni: Thin h c o (chnh tr tt) th thin t nh
l nhc, ra lnh chinh pht; thin h v o (chnh tr xu) th vua ch
hu nh l nhc, ra lnh chinh pht. Ch hu quyt nh, ra lnh th
c khong mi i, t khi khng mt nc. i phu quyt nh, ra
lnh th c khong nm i, t khi khng mt nc; gia thn nm
quc chnh th c khong ba i, t khi khng mt nc. Thin h c
o th chnh quyn khng trong tay i phu. Thin h c o th dn
thng khng bn ring vic nc.
XVI.3
T vit: Lc chi kh cng tht ng th h, chnh i i phu t th
h, c phu Tam Hon chi t tn vi h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Quyn ban tc lc khng thuc v cng tht
(nh vua nc L) nm i ri, quc chnh trong tay i phu
bn i ri, nn con chu Tam Hon suy vi ri.
Ch thch. Tam Hon tr Qu th, Mnh th, Thc th: ba h u l
hu du ca L Hon Cng, cho nn gi l Tam Hon.

182
C l tc gi mun ni n on sau y: Bi l mt trong nhng bi di
nht m hay nht trong Lun ng, cho ta thy mt kha cnh tnh tnh ca Khng
t. ng vn t ni, hoc ni ch vn tt vi li (d dc v ngn Dng Ho
18); nhng ln ny ng tht hng hn, ging gay gt (chc ng gin lm), l lun
minh bch, kho dn li c nhn, m tng li cao p: cu Hu quc hu gia
gi, bt hon qu nhi bt hon qun, bt hon bn nhi bt hon an l mt trong
nhng cu bt h ca ng, vo hng su nht trong t tng nhn loi, hin nay
cng ng lm chm ngn cho cc chnh khch khp th gii. (Goldfish).

Trang 143/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVI QU TH
XVI.4
Khng t vit: ch gi tam hu, tn gi tam hu. Hu trc, hu
lng, hu a vn, ch h. Hu bin183 tch, hu thin nhu, hu bin nnh,
tn h.
Dch. Khng t ni: C ba hng bn c ch, ba hng bn c hi.
Bn chnh trc, bn thnh tn, bn bit nhiu l c ch. Bn n mnh,
bn kho nnh mnh, bn khng c thc hc l bn c hi.
XVI.5
Khng t vit: ch gi tam nho, tn gi tam nho. Nho tit, l,
nhc, nho o nhn chi thin, nho a hin hu, ch h. Nho kiu lc,
nho dt du, nho yn lc, tn h.
Dch. Khng t ni: C ba s a thch c ch, c ba s a thch c
hi. Thch dng l nhc iu tit i sng, thch khen ch hay ca
ngi, thch c nhiu bn hin, ba ci c ch. Thch kiu sa, dm lc,
thch ng phng t184, thch yn tic vui chi, ba ci c hi.
XVI.6
Khng t vit: Th qun t hu tam khin; ngn v cp chi nhi
ngn, v chi to; ngn cp chi nhi bt ngn, v chi n; v kin nhan sc
nhi ngn, v chi c.
Dch. Khng t ni: Hu chuyn ngi qun t d mc ba li ny:
cha n lc mnh ni ni, gi l nng ny; n lc mnh ni m
khng ni, gi l giu gim; cha nhn thy sc mt m ni, gi l m
qung.
XVI.7
T vit: Qun t hu tam gii: thiu chi thi, huyt kh v nh, gii
chi ti sc; cp k trng d, huyt kh phng cng, gii chi ti u; cp
k lo d, huyt kh k suy, gii chi ti c.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t c ba iu rn: Khi cn tr kh
huyt cha nh (thn th cha pht trin ), nn rn v sc dc; tui
trng nin, kh huyt cng cng, nn rn v tranh u; v gi, kh
huyt suy, nn rn v tnh tham.

183
Ch bin ny v ch bin sau, nguyn vn ch Hn l (ch ny Thiu
Chu c l tin). (Goldfish).
184
Cn xem li ba ch ng phng t. (Goldfish).

Trang 144/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVI QU TH
XVI.8
T vit: Qun t hu tam y: y thin mnh, y i nhn, y thnh
nhn chi ngn. Tiu nhn bt tri thin mnh nhi bt y d, hip i nhn,
v thnh nhn chi ngn.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t c ba iu s: s mnh tri, s
bc i nhn, s li ni ca thnh nhn. K tiu nhn khng bit mnh
tri nn khng s, khinh nhn i nhn, giu ct li ni ca thnh
nhn.
XVI.9
T vit: Sinh nhi tri chi gi, thng d; hc nhi tri chi gi, th d;
khn nhi hc chi, hu k th d. Khn nhi bt hc, dn t vi h h.
Dch. Khng t ni: Sinh ra m bit l bc trn; hc ri mi
bit, l bc th; gp cnh khn nn ri mi chu hc, li cn thp hn
na. Thp nht l gp cnh khn nn ri m vn khng chu hc.
Ch thch. Ch khn [], c ngi dch l dt; chng ti ngh nn
hiu l gp cnh khn nn, chng hn khi tht bi ri, m vn khng
chu hc trnh tht bi sau th mi l ngu nht.
XVI.10
T vit: Qun t hu cu t: th t minh, thnh t thng, sc t n,
mo t cung, ngn t trung, s t knh, nghi t vn, phn t nan, kin
c t ngha.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t c chn iu xt nt: Khi trng
th ch thy cho minh bch, khi nghe th lng tai nghe nghe cho
r, sc mt th gi cho n ho, din mo th gi cho oan trang, li ni
th gi cho trung thc, lm th gi cho knh cn, c iu nghi hoc th
hi han, khi gin th ngh ti hu qu tai hi s xy ra, thy mi li th
ngh n iu ngha.
XVI.11
T vit: Kin thin nh bt cp, kin bt thin nhi thm thang; ng
kin k nhn h, ng vn k ng h. n c d cu k ch, hnh ngha d t
k o; ng vn k ng h, v kin k nhn d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Thy vic thin th vi vng nh ui theo
khng kp, thy vic bt thin th nh nhng tay vo nc si (s m
lnh); ta thy ngi nh vy, nghe thy li ni nh vy. n
mong gi c ch ca mnh, lm vic ngha t c o ca mnh;
ta nghe thy li ni nh vy, m cha thy ai nh vy.

Trang 145/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVI QU TH
XVI.12
Cnh cng hu m thin t, t chi nht, dn v c nhi xng yn. B
Di, Thc T ng vu Th Dng chi h, dn o vu kim xng chi. [K t
chi v d?].
Dch. T Cnh Cng c bn ngn con nga, khi cht khng c c
g cho ngi dn khen. B Di, Thc T cht i ni Th Dng, dn
dn nay cn khen. [L mun ni nh vy ?]
Ch thch. Cu cui t trong du [] ng ch v, ng rng: hoc
bi khc, t lm v y, hoc thiu mt vi cu g trn .
XVI.13
Trn Cang vn B Ng vit: T dic hu d vn h? i vit: V
d. Thng c lp. L xu nhi qu nh. Vit: Hc Thi h? i vit:
V d. Bt hc Thi v d ngn. L thoi nhi hc Thi. Tha nht, hu
c lp, L xu nhi qu nh. Vit: Hc l h? i vit: V d. Bt
hc l, v d lp. L thoi nhi hc L. Vn t nh gi. Trn Cang thoi
nhi h vit: Vn nht c tam: vn Thi, vn L, hu vn qun t vin k
t d.
Dch. Trn Cang hi B Ng: Anh c nghe thy dy iu g l
khng? B Ng p: Cha. C ln cha ti ng mt mnh, L ti i
nhanh qua sn. Cha ti hi: Hc kinh Thi cha? Ti p cha. Cha
ti bo: Khng hc kinh Thi th khng bit ni nng ra sao. L ti lui
v hc kinh Thi. Hm khc, cha ti ng mt mnh, L ti i nhanh qua
sn. Cha ti hi: Hc kinh L cha? Ti tha cha, cha ti bo:
Khng hc kinh L th khng bit cch i ng i (c ngi dch l:
khng bit dch thn). L ti lui v hc kinh L. Ti ch nghe c hai
iu 185. Trn Cang lui ra, mng rng: Hi mt iu m bit c
ba: phi hc kinh Thi, phi hc kinh L, li bit rng ngi qun t
khng hay gn con (c ngi dch l: i vi con cng nh i vi hc
tr, khng khc g nhau).
Ch thch. Trn Cang, t l T Cm, (coi bi I.10).
XVI.14
Bang qun t chi th, qun xng chi vit phu nhn, phu nhn t xng
vit tiu ng; bang nhn xng chi vit qun phu nhn, xng ch d
bang vit qu tiu qun; d bang nhn xng chi dic vit qun phu nhn.

Hai cu ny, ebook ngun chp l: Lui v hc kinh L. Ti ch nghe c iu


185

. Ti tm sa li nh trn. (Goldfish).

Trang 146/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVII DNG HO
Dch. V vua ch hu, vua ch hu gi l phu nhn; phu nhn t
xng l tiu ng; ngi trong nc gi b l phu nhn ca vua; ni vi
ngi nc khc th gi l qu tiu nhn (qu l ting khim tn, tiu
qun l vua nh, tc v vua); ngi nc khc cng gi l phu nhn
ca vua.
Ch thch. Bi ny nh bi 12 trn, c phn chc l li Khng t,
khng hiu v sao mt my ch vit, u bi.
THIN XVII DNG HO
XVII.1
Dng Ha dc kin Khng t, Khng t bt kin; qui Khng t n.
Khng t thi k v d nhi vng bi chi. Ng ch . V Khng t vit:
Lai, d d nh ngn. Vit: Hoi k bo nhi m k bang, kh v nhn
h? Vit: Bt kh. Hiu tng s nhi cc tht th, kh v tr h? Vit:
Bt kh. Nht nguyt th h, tu bt ng d. Khng t vit: Nc. Ng
tng s h.
Dch. Dng Ho mun gp Khng t186, nhng Khng t khng
n thm y, nn y biu Khng t mt con heo sa (luc chn). Khng t
rnh lc Dng Ho i vng, li nh y t n. Khng ng trn ng v
gp y. Y gi Khng t: Li y, ti mun ni chuyn vi ng. Ri ni:
Giu ti c qu bu m khng cu nc ang m lon, c th gi l
ngi nhn c khng? (Khng t lm thinh). Dng Ho ni tip:
Khng gi l nhn c187. Mun ra lm quan m nhiu ln b l c
hi, c th gi l tr c khng? (Khng t li lm thinh). Dng Ho
li ni tip: Khng gi l tr c. Ngy thng tri qua, tui chng i
ta. Khng t ni: Vng. Ti s ra lm quan.
XVII.2
T vit: Tnh tng cn d, tp tng vin d.

186
Dng Ho, c sch gi l Dng H, v Ho v H pht thanh hi ging nhau,
l gia thn ca h Qu, c ln bt giam Qu Hon t chuyn quyn nc L. Y
cho em heo sa biu Khng t l c bt Khng t n nh y t n. Bn ch
dc kin Khng t c th dch l: Mun Khng t n yt kin mnh.
187
Ch ny c sch chm cu khc, cho bt kh (khng gi l nhn c) l li
p ca Khng t. Ri t Hiu tng s (mun ta lm quan) mi l li ca
Dng Ho. Cu di cng vy. Ti chm cu nh trn, cho l li Dng Ho t
p lm ni bt tnh hch dch, nng ny ca Dng Ho v thi bnh tnh,
t tn, cng quyt ca Khng t.

Trang 147/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVII DNG HO
Dch. Khng t ni: Bn tnh con ngi gn ging nhau, do tp
nhim mi khc xa nhau.
XVII.3
T vit: Duy thng tri d h ngu bt di.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ch c bc thng tr v k h ngu l khng
thay i.
Ch thch. Bi ny tip bi trn. Bc thng tr tc bc sinh nhi tri
chi, cn k h ngu tc hng khn nhi bt hc trong bi XVI.9.
XVII.4
T chi V thnh, vn huyn ca chi thanh. Phu t hon nh nhi tiu
vit: Ct k yn dng ngu ao? T Du i vit: Tch gi, Yn d
vn ch phu t vit: Qun t hc o tc i nhn, tiu nhn hc o tc
d s d. T vit: Nh tam t, Yn chi ngn th d. Tin ngn h chi
nh.
Dch. Khng t ti V Thnh (ni T Du lm quan t), nghe ting
ht n. ng mm ci bo: M g cn chi n dao m b? T Du
tha: Ngy trc, Yn con nghe thy dy: Ngi qun t hc o (l
nhc) th yu ngi, k tiu nhn hc o th d sai khin. Khng t
ni: Ny cc tr, li anh Yn ng, li ta mi ni ch l a thi.
Ch thch. T Du theo li thy dy, dng l nhc gio ho v tr
dn. Khng t tic rng V Thnh nh qu, T Du c th tr mt ci ln
hn nhiu.
XVII.5
Cng Sn Pht Nhiu d Ph bn, triu, t dc vng. T L bt duyt,
vit: Mt chi d d, h tt Cng Sn dn chi chi d? T vit: Ph triu
ng gi, nhi khi tai? Nh hu dng ng gi, ng k vi ng Chu
h?
Dch. Cng Sn Pht Nhiu (gia thn h Qu, lm t tng t Ph)
chim c t Ph lm phn (h Qu), cho ngi mi Khng t, ng
mun ti. T L khng vui lng, bo: Khng c ni no hnh o th
thi, h tt phi n vi h Cng Sn? Khng t ni: Ngi ta vi ta,
hn c dng ta. Nu dng ta th ta s phc hng o nh Chu
phng ng.
Ch thch. H Qu ln vua L. Cng Sn Pht Nhiu phn h Qu.
Khng t mong c th thuyt Pht Nhiu lp li uy quyn ca vua L,
khin cho theo o nh Chu. Nhng sau ng nghe li T L, khng i.

Trang 148/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVII DNG HO
Vic ny chp trong S k ca T M Thin, nhng khng chp trong T
Truyn cho nn Lng Khi Siu cho l khng ng tin. Theo S k th
hi ny Khng t 50 tui.
XVII.6
T Trng vn nhn Khng t. Khng t vit: Nng hnh ng gi
thin h, vi nhn h Thnh vn chi. Vit: Cung, khoan, tn, mn,
hu. Cung tc bt v, khoan tc c chng, tn tc nhn nhim yn, mn
tc hu cng, hu tc tc d s nhn188.
Dch. T Trng hi Khng t v o ngi. Khng t p: Lm
c nm c trong thin h th gi l nhn. T Trng ni: Xin thy
cho con bit nm c y. Khng t p: Cung, khoan, tn, mn, hu.
Cung knh th khng b khinh nhn, khoan hu th c lng mi ngi,
thnh tn th c ngi tn nhim, cn mn th thnh cng, t hu th s
dng c ngi.
XVII.7
Bt Ht triu, t dc vng. T l vit: Tch gi Do d vn ch phu t
vit: Thn k thn vi bt thin gi, qun t bt nhp d. Bt Ht d
Trung Mu bn, t chi vng d, nh chi h? T vit: Nhin, hu th
ngn d. Bt vit kin h, ma nhi bt ln? Bt vit bch h nit nhi bt
truy? Ng khi bo qua d tai? Yn nng h nhi bt thc?
Dch. Bt Ht mi, Khng t mun qua. Trc kia Do con nghe
thy dy: Ngi qun t khng vo ng vi k no gy iu bt
thin. Bt Ht chim t Trung Mu lm phn m thy mun qua vi y
th sao phi l? Khng t ni: ng, ta c ni vy. Nhng ta chng
tng ni rng ci g cng rn th mi cng khng mn sao? Ta chng
tng ni rng189 ci g thc trng th nhum cng khng en sao? Ta
u phi tri bu kh ngi ta treo m khng n c ?
Ch thch. Bt Ht (c ngi c l Pht Ht), l gia thn ca Phm
Trng Hnh, mt i phu nc Tn, v lm chc t Trung Mu. Ngi
cm quyn nc Tn l Triu Gin t nh Phm Trng Hnh; Bt Ht
chim Trung Mu lm phn. T L s Khng t qua gip Bt Ht th s
danh, nn Khng t tr li nh vy. Nhng ri ng cng khng i. Bi
ny cng nh bi 5 trn, Lng Khi Siu cho l khng ng tin.

Ebook ngun khng c cu: hu tc tc d s nhn. (Goldfish).


188

on sau y ti theo cun Khng t m ghi thm, ebook ngun khng c: th


189

mi cng khng mn sao? Ta chng tng ni rng. (Goldfish).

Trang 149/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVII DNG HO
XVII.8
T vit: Do d, nh vn lc ngn lc t h h? i vit: V d
C, ng ng nh. Hiu nhn bt hiu hc, k t d ngu. Hiu tr bt hiu
hc, k t d ng. Hiu tn bt hiu hc, k t d tc. Hiu trc bt hiu
hc, k t d gio. Hiu dng bt hiu hc, k t d lon. Hiu cng bt
hiu hc, k t d cung.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ny Do (T L), anh c nghe ni n su c
v su iu che lp khng? T L p: Tha cha Ngi , ta ni
cho nghe. Ham c nhn m khng ham hc th b s che lp l ngu
mui; ham c tr m khng ham hc th b s che lp l s phng
ng; ham c tn m khng ham hc th b s che lp l b tn hi;
ham ngay thng m khng ham hc th b s che lp l gt gao, mt
lng ngi190; ham cng cng m khng ham hc th b s che lp l
s cung bo.
XVII.9
T vit: Tiu t, h mc hc, ph Thi? Thi kh d hng, kh d quan,
kh d qun, kh d on. Nh chi s ph, vin chi s qun, a thc iu
th tho mc chi danh.
Dch. Khng t ni: Cc tr191 sao khng hc Kinh Thi? Kinh Thi
c th khin ngi ta phn chn, c th khin ngi ta quan st phong
tc, c th khin ngi ta hp qun, c th khin ngi ta phng thch
chnh tr ng thi. Gn th bit o th cha, xa th bit o th vua,
li bit c nhiu tn chim mung c cy.
XVII.10
T v B Ng vit: Nh vi Chu Nam, Chiu192 Nam h h? Nhn nhi
bt vi Chu Nam, Chiu Nam, k do chnh tng din nhi lp d d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Khng t bo B Ng: Con hc Chu Nam,
Chiu Nam cha? Ngi no khng hc Chu Nam, Chiu Nam th
khng khc ng quay mt st vo tng.

190
Ngha cng nh cu trc nhi v l tc gio, bi VIII.2.
191
C ngi cho ch tiu t y tr chu ni Khng t, tc Khng Cp, (T
T), nhng theo truyn thuyt Khng Cp l hc tr ca Tng T.
192
Chiu Nam: cc bn ch Hn trn mng chp l , Wikipedia ting Vit
phin m l Thiu Nam (http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinh_Thi). Ch , trong
XVII.5 trn c c l triu, T in Thiu Chu cng c l triu.
(Goldfish).

Trang 150/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVII DNG HO
Ch thch. Chu Nam, Chiu Nam l hai thin u trong Kinh Thi ch
cch tu thn, t gia.
XVII.11
T vit: L vn, l vn, ngc bch vn h tai? Nhc vn, nhc vn,
chung c vn h tai?
Dch. Khng t ni: Ni v l, v l, u ch c ngc v la? Ni
v nhc, v nhc, u phi ch c chung v trng.
Ch thch. Khng t ch nh cm quyn ng thi ch ch trng
ti hnh thc ca l, nhc.
XVII.12
T vit: Sc l nhi ni nhm, th ch tiu nhn, k do xuyn du chi
o d d?
Dch. Khng t ni: Sc mt uy nghim m trong lng nhu nhc
(k gi di) th v nh k tiu nhn m li cn (t hn na) nh k khot
vch tro tng na.
XVII.13
T vit: Hng nguyn, c chi tc d.
Dch. Khng t ni: K hng nguyn (gi o c, lm b cao
thng, chu i c mi ngi trong lng khen) l k lm hi o
c.
XVII.14
T vit: o thnh nhi thuyt, c chi kh d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Nghe ngi ta n ngoi ng ri i u
cng loan truyn l b mt c hnh ca mnh.
Ch thch. Tc nh hng ngi ta gi l ngi l i mp.
XVII.15
T vit: B phu kh d s qun d d tai? K v c chi d, hon c
chi. K c chi, hon tht chi. Cu hon tht chi, v s bt ch h.
Dch. Khng t ni: K b lu c th th vua c khng? Khi
cha c chc v bng lc th lo cho c. c ri li lo mt. lo
mt th khng c vic g xu m khng lm.

Trang 151/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVII DNG HO
XVII.16
T vit: C gi dn hu tam tt, kim d hoc th chi v d. C chi
cung d t, kim chi cung d ng. C chi cng d lim, kim chi cng
d phn l. C chi ngu d trc, kim chi ngu d tr nhi d h.
Dch. Khng t ni: i xa, ngi ta thng c ba tt, nay hoc
gi khng c na. i xa ngi cung th khng cu n tiu tit, nay
cung th phng ng. i xa ngi gi mnh rt nghim th lim
chnh, nay ngi gi mnh rt nghim th d gin. i xa ngi ngu th
ngay thng, nay ngu th ch di tr thi.
XVII.17
Bi ny trng vi bi I.3193
XVII.18
T vit: t chi ot chu d, Trnh thanh chi lon nh nhc d,
li khu chi phc bang gia gi.
Dch. Khng t ni: Ght mu ta cp mt sc , ght nhc nc
Trnh lm lon chnh nhc, ght k bm mp lm nghing nc nh.
XVII.19
T vit: D dc v ngn. T Cng vit: T nh bt ngn, tc tiu
t h thut yn? T vit: Thin h ngn tai? T thi hnh yn, vn
vt194 sinh yn, thin h ngn tai?
Dch. Khng t ni: Ta khng mun ni g c. T Cng hi:
Thy khng ni th bn chng con c g truyn thut li cho i
sau? (C sch dch l: chng con sao c truyn thut? Hoc: chng
con noi theo vo u?) Khng T ni: Tri c ni g u? Bn ma
qua li, vn vt sinh trng, Tri c ni g u?
XVII.20
Nh Bi195 dc kin Khng t. Khng t t d tt. Tng mnh gi xut
h, th sc196 nhi ca, s chi vn chi.
193
Nguyn vn bi I.3 v XVII.7 u l: T vit: Xo ngn, lnh sc, tin h
nhn. C bn Lun ng b bi XVII.7 (ly bi XVIII.8 lm bi XVII.7) m khng
cho bit l do. (Goldfish).
194
Vn vt (), c bn chp l bch vt (). (Goldfish).
195
Nh Bi: (trong phn dch v ch thch sau chp l Nh B, ti sa li v
trong cun Khng t chp l Nh Bi) nguyn vn ch Hn l , bn Nguyn
Thin Th phin m l Nh Bi, trong cun Nh gio h Khng, c Nguyn Hin
L cng phin m l Nh Bi. (Goldfish).

Trang 152/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVII DNG HO
Dch. Nh Bi (ngi nc L, trc c hc Khng T) mun yt
kin Khng T. ng t chi, ly c l au. Ngi ng sai ra p, mi ra
ti ca, ng cm ngay cy n st gy v ht, (c ) cho Nh Bi nghe
thy.
Ch thch. Khng hiu v l g ng khng mun tip Nh Bi.
XVII.21
T Ng vn tam nin chi tang: K d cu h! Qun t tam nin bt vi
l, l tt hoi, tam nin bt vi nhc, nhc tt bng. Cu cc k mt, tn
cc k thng, ton toi ci ha, k kh d h. T vit: Thc ph o, y
ph cm nh an h? Vit: An! Nh an tc vi chi! Ph qun t chi
c tang, thc ch bt cam, vn nhc bt lc, c x bt an, c bt vi d.
Kim nh an, tc vi chi. T Ng xut. T vit: D chi bt nhn d. T
sinh tam nin, nhin hu min ph mu chi hoi. Ph tam nin chi
tang, thin h chi thng tang d. D d hu tam nin chi i k ph mu
h?
Dch. T Ng hi v php tang cha m ba nm, bo: Mt nm
cng lu ri. Ngi qun t ( tang) ba nm khng hc tp l, l
nghi tt phi nt, ba nm khng tu nhc, m nhc tt tht truyn.
( mt nm) la c n ht, la mi chn, cy di cy e ly la
di ht mt vng (Mi ma di mt loi cy ly la, ht bn ma
l ht mt vng), tang mt nm l c ri. Khng T ni: (Cha
ht ba nm) m n cm go thm, mc o gm th tr c yn lng
khng? T Ng p: Yn. Khng T ni: Yn lng th c lm!
Ngi qun t c tang, n ngon khng bit mi, nghe nhc khng
thy vui, nh ca mnh khng thy yn n (thi ct mt nh xu
gn m c tang), cho nn khng lm nh vy (khng n go ngon,
mc o tt). Nu tr thy yn lng, th c lm! T Ng ra ri, Khng
T ni: D l a bt nhn? a tr sinh ra, sau ba nm cha m mi
thi bng b, (cho nn) tang ba nm l l ph bin trong thin h. D
n c cha m bng b ba nm hay khng? (C sch dch l: D n
c yu thng cha m c ba nm hay khng?).
XVII.22
T vit: Bo thc chung nht v s dng tm, nan h tai! Bt hu bc
dch gi h? Vi chi, do hin h d.

196
Sc: (nguyn vn ch Hn l ), ebook ngun chp l cm. (Goldfish).

Trang 153/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVIII VI T
Dch. Khng T ni: n ni sut ngy m chng dng tm vo vic
g th kh nn ngi lm. Sao khng nh c i? nh c cn hn
khng.
Ch thch. Bc dch [] c ngi dch l nh bc, nh c.
Thc ra bc [] thi cng ch l mt tr chi nh vy c.
XVII.23
T L vit: Qun t thng dng h? T vit: Qun t ngha d vi
thng, qun t hu dng nhi v ngha vi lon, tiu nhn hu dng nhi
v ngha vi o.
Dch. T L hi: Ngi qun t c trng dng khng? Khng T
p: Ngi qun t trng ngha l hn ht. Ngi qun t ch dng
cm m khng hp ngha l th lm lon; k tiu nhn ch dng cm m
khng hp ngha l th lm trm cp.
XVII.24
T Cng vit: Qun t dic hu h? T vit: Hu . xng
nhn chi c gi, c h lu nhi sn thng gi, dng nhi v l gi,
qu cm nhi trt gi. Vit: T d dic hu h? kiu d vi tr gi,
bt tn d vi dng gi, kit d vi trc gi.
Dch. T Cng hi: Ngi qun t c ght ai khng? Khng T
p: C. Ght ngi ni iu xu ca k khc, ght k di m hu
bng ngi trn, ght k dng m v l, ght ngi qu cm m c
chp. Khng T hi li T Cng: T, anh c ght ai khng? (T
Cng tha): Con ght k n cp sng kin ca ngi khc m t cho l
mnh tm ra (hoc t cho l khn), ght k khng khim tn m t cho l
dng, ght k bi mc vic ring ca ngi m t cho l ngay thng.
XVII.25
T vit: Duy n t d tiu nhn vi nan dng d. Cn chi tc bt tn,
vin chi tc on.
Dch. Khng T ni: Ch hng t thip v ti t l kh c x vi h.
Thn cn vi h th h nhn, xa cch h th h on.
XVII.26
T vit: Nin t thp nhi kin yn, k chung d d.
Dch. Khng T ni: Bn chc tui m (hnh vi xu xa) ai cng
ght th ht hi vng ri.
THIN XVIII VI T

Trang 154/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVIII VI T
XVIII.1
Vi t kh chi, C t vi chi n, T Can gin nhi t. Khng t vit: n
hu tam nhn yn.
Dch. Vi t b i. C t phi lm n l, T Can cht v can vua
(Tr). Khng T ni: Nh n c ba ng y l ngi nhn.
Ch thch. Vua Tr tn c v hoang dm. Vi t l anh vua Tr, thy
vy b nc m i bo tn dng h. C t v T Can u l ch vua
Tr, u can Tr, Tr b t C t v bt lm n l. C t gi in m
sng kh nhc; cn T Can th b Tr git, moi tim. Hnh vi ca ba
ngi khc nhau, nhng u nhm mt mc ch l lm cho nc
yn, cho dn khi kh, cho nn Khng t khen l nhn.
XVIII.2
Liu H Hu vi s s, tam trut. Nhn vit: T v kh d kh h?
Vit: Trc o nhi s nhn, yn vng nhi bt trut? Ung o nhi s
nhn, h tt kh ph mu chi bang.
Dch. Liu H Hu lm php quan, ba ln b bim. C ngi bo:
Sao ng cha i qua nc khc? Liu H Hu p: Dng o chnh
trc m th ngi th i nc no cng b bim? Dng o cong queo
m th ngi th h tt phi b t quc?
XVIII.3
T Cnh Cng i Khng T, vit: Nhc Qu th tc ng bt nng.
D Qu, Mnh chi gian i chi. Vit: Ng lo h, bt nng dng d.
Khng t hnh.
Dch. T Cnh Cng ni v cch i i vi Khng T: Ta khng
th i Khng T nh vua L i h Qu (i l thng khanh), c th
i ng y vo bc gia h Qu v h Mnh (h Mnh l h khanh).
(Mi nh vy, b triu thn phn i, nn Cnh Cng t lu sau li ni):
Ta gi ri, khng th dng Khng T c. Khng T bn i.
Ch thch. Theo S k ca T M Thin th lc Khng t ngoi
ba mi lm tui, nhn L c ni lon, Khng t b L qua T, T Cnh
Cng mun dng nhng b triu thn phn i, li thi. V Khng t tr
v L.

Trang 155/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVIII VI T
XVIII.4
T nhn qu197 n nhc, Qu Hon t th chi, tam nht bt triu, Khng
t hnh.
Dch. Ngi nc T tng n nhc (ca n, v n). Qu Hon t (i
phu nc L) nhn, ba ngy khng ra triu. Khng T b i.
Ch thch. Theo S k, lc ny Khng t 56 tui, lm t khu, kim
t tng nc L. Sau ng qua V. Bi 2, Liu H Hu c li t quc;
bi ny Khng t khng hnh o c th b i.
XVIII.5
S Cung Tip D ca nhi qu Khng t vit: Phng h, phng h,
h c chi suy? Vng gi bt kh gin, lai gi do kh truy. D nhi, d nhi!
Kim chi tng chnh gi i nhi! Khng t h, dc d chi ngn. Xu nhi
t chi, bt c d chi ngn.
Dch. Tip D, ngi cung nc S i ngang chic xe ca Khng
T, ht: Phng hong i, phng hong i198, c sao m suy i!
Vic qua, khng th vn hi, vic cha ti, cn kp sa i. Thi i,
thi i, lm quan thi ny ch nguy him thi! Khng T xung xe,
mun ni chuyn. Nhng Tip D ro bc trnh mt, Khng T khng
ni chuyn c.
Ch thch. Tip D khng phi l tn. V ngi cung nc S
i ngang qua xe ca Khng t nn Lun ng gi nh vy. Cng nh
ngi gi ca gi l Thn mn (bi XIV.39), nhng ngi cy rung
trong bi sau, gi l Trng Th, Kit Nch (Th l ch t thp c
nc, Nch l chn nhng di nc).
XVIII.6
Trng Th, Kit Nch ngu nhi canh. Khng t qu chi, s T L
vn tn yn. Trng Th vit: Ph chp d gi vi thu? T L vit:
Vi Khng Khu. Vit: Th L Khng Khu d? Vit: Th d.
Vit: Trn199 tri tn h. Vn Kit Nch. Kit Nch vit: T vi thy?
Vit: Vi Trng Do. Vit: Th L Khng Khu chi d? i vit:
Nhin. Vit: Thao thao gi thin h giai th d, nhi thu d dch chi?

197
Qu: cc bn ch Hn chp l , ch ny Thiu Chu c l qui. (Goldfish).
198
Bn ch Phng h, phng h (), trong b Trang t Nam Hoa
kinh, c Nguyn Hin L dch l: Con phng kia, con phng kia. (Goldfish).
199
Trn: cc bn trn mng chp l Th (). (Goldfish).

Trang 156/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVIII VI T
Th nhi d k tng t200 nhn chi s d, khi nhc tng t th chi s tai?
u nhi bt xuyt. T L hnh, d co. Phu t v nhin vit: iu th bt
kh d ng qun, ng phi t nhn chi d, nhi thu d? Thin h hu
o, Khu bt d dch d.
Dch. Trng Th v Kit Nch cng cy rung. Khng T i ngang
qua, sai T L li hi bn u. Trng Th hi: Ngi cm
cng trn xe l ai? T L p: L thy Khng Khu. Hi: Phi
Khng Khu nc L khng? p: Phi. Trng Th ni: Vy th
ng y t bit bn ri m. T L li hi Kit Nch. Kit Nch hi li:
Thy l ai? T L p: L Trng Do. Li hi: Phi hc tr ng
Khng Khu nc L khng? p: Phi. Kit Nch ni: Khp thin
h u u cng l dng nc (c) cun cun, ng Khng Khu s
cng vi ai m sa thin h? Cn thy, i theo k s trnh ngi v o
(theo Khng T) sao bng theo (ta l) k s trnh i trc? Ni ri
tip tc ba ph ln cho t bng. T L v xe k li vi Khng T.
Khng T bi ngi hi: Ngi ta khng th sng chung vi cm th; ta
khng sng chung vi ngi trong x hi th sng chung vi ai? Nu
thin h thnh tr th Khu ny cn g phi sa i na?
XVIII.7
T L tng nhi hu, ng trng nhn, d trng h iu. T L vn
vit: T kin phu t h. Trng nhn vit: T th bt cn, ng cc
bt phn, thc vi phu t? Thc k trng nhi vn, hin k nhi t yn. T
L cng nhi lp, ch T L tc, st k vi th nhi thc chi, kin k nh t
yn201. Minh nht, T L hnh d co. T vit: n gi d. S T L
phn kin chi. Ch tc hnh h. T L202 vit: Bt s v ngha. Trng u
chi tit, bt kh ph d; qun thn chi ngha, nh chi h k ph chi? Dc
khit k thn, nhi lon i lun! Qun t chi s d, hnh k ngha d. o
chi bt hnh, d tri chi h.
Dch. T L i (theo Khng T m) lc li pha sau, gp ng gi
quy gnh co c u mt cy gy. T L hi: ng c thy thy ti
khng? ng gi p: Tay chn chng lm vic g c, khng phn bit
c nm ging la. Ai l thy ch? Ni xong ng gi chng gy
xung t co c. T L chp tay ng (i). (Cng vic co c xong)

200
T: ch ti ny (t nhn) v ch t sau (t th), cc bn trn mng chp l
(tch). C bn ging ch (tch) ng vi ch (t). (Goldfish).
201
on T L cng nhi lp kin k nh t yn l do ti ghi thm. (Goldfish).
202
C mt bn Lun ng u i Tng in hai ch phn. T y, ngha l: (T
L) tr v. Khng t ni. Nh vy c on di l li ca Khng t ni vi T L.

Trang 157/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XVIII VI T
ng gi a T L v nh ngh m, git g lm cm i, li cho hai
a con ra cho. Hm sau T L i, gp c Khng T, k li chuyn
. Khng T ni: ng gi y l mt n s, ri sai T L tr li kim.
Ti ni th ng gi i khi. T L ni (vi hai ngi con ca ng gi):
Khng ra lm quan (m n) l khng hp o ngha. Ci th t gia
ngi ln v k nh khng b c (m ch ng lo cho con ra
cho T L), th sao li b ngha vua ti i? Mun cho thn mnh trong
sch m (ho ra) lm lon ci lun thng ln nht. Ngi qun t ra
lm quan l lm ngha v ca mnh. Cn o m khng thi hnh c,
th bit vy ri.
XVIII.8
Dt dn: B Di, Thc T, Ngu Trng, Di Dt, Chu Trng, Liu H
Hu, Thiu Lin. T vit: Bt ging k ch, bt nhc k thn, B Di,
Thc T d? V Liu H Hu, Thiu Lin: Ging ch, nhc thn h,
ngn trng lun, hnh trng l, k t nhi d h. V Ngu Trng, Di Dt:
n c, phng ngn, thn trng thanh, ph trng quyn. Ng tc d th.
V kh, v bt kh.
Dch. Bn v ngi n dt: B Di, Thc T, Ngu Trng, Di Dt,
Chu Trng, Liu H Hu, Thiu Lin, Khng T ni: Khng khut ch
mnh, khng nhc thn mnh, l B Di, Thc T chng? Bo Liu
H Hu, Thiu Lin: Chu khut ch mnh, nhc thn mnh, nhng li
ni hp ngha l, hnh vi n o (c ngi dch l hp dn), ch c
vy thi. Bo Ngu Trng, Di Dt: n, khng ni g c (chng ti
theo Triu Thng, c ngi dch l n ni phng tng), gi thn c
trong sch, khng lm quan l hp quyn nghi. Ri Khng T li ni:
Ta th khc cc ng y: Chng c g nht nh phi lm, chng c g
nht nh khng nn lm.
Ch thch. Chng ta Khng t khng nhn xt g v Chu
Trng. B Di, Thc T, Liu H Hu chng ta bit ri. Cn Ngu
Trng, Di Dt, t ai nhc ti, khng cn bit.
XVIII.9
Thi s Ch thch T, phn Can thch S, tam phn Liu thch Thi,
t phn Khuyt thch Tn, c Phng Thc nhp H, b o V nhp
Hn, thiu s Dng, kch khnh Tng nhp Hi.
Dch. Quan thi s Ch qua T, quan phn Can qua S, quan tam
phn Liu qua Thi, quan t phn Khuyt qua Tn, ngi nh trng
tn l Phng Thc vo b sng Hong H, ngi v trng nh tn

Trang 158/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIX T TRNG
V203 v b sng Hn, thiu s Dng v ngi nh khnh tn l
Tng v b ng Hi.
Ch thch. Bi ny chp tn v chc (thi s, thiu s, tam phn, t
phn) ca tm nhc s L t tn ht; phn204, tam phn, t phn
l nhng chc quan coi v nhc mi vua dng cm ba th hai, th ba,
th t.
XVIII.10
Chu cng v L cng vit: Qun t bt th k thn, bt s i thn on
h bt d. C cu v i c, tc bt kh d. V cu b nht nhn.
Dch. Chu Cng khuyn con l L Cng (tc B Cm, c phong
t L): Ngi qun t khng b ngi thn thch, khng cho i
thn on v khng trng dng. Ngi c cu nu khng c li ln th
khng nn b. Khng cu ton trch b mt ngi no.
XVIII.11
Chu hu bt s: B t, B Qut, Trng t, Trng Ht, Thc D,
Thc H, Qu Ty, Qu Oa.
Dch. Nh Chu c tm k s: B t, B Qut, Trng t, Trng
Ht, Thc D, Thc H, Qu Ty, Qu Oa.
Ch thch. Khng r tm k s l ai. Nn : tm ngi chia
lm bn cp: B, Trng, Thc, Qu, v mi cp c tn vn vi nhau:
t, Qut, t, Ht v.v Do c ngi ng l nhng cp sinh i ca
mt gia nh. [V cng do thn sinh vn ho Cao B Qut ca nc
ta t cho hai ngi con u lng sinh i l: B t, B Qut; v B
Qut ly tn t l Chu Thn (b ti nh Chu) cng v vy].
THIN XIX T TRNG
XIX.1
T Trng vit: S kin nguy tr mnh, kin c t ngha, t t knh,
tang t ai, k kh d h.
Dch. T Trng ni: K s m thy nguy th khng tic sinh mng,
thy c giu sang th ngh n ngha l, khi t t, ngh n thnh knh,
gp vic tang, ngh n xt thng, nh vy l kh ri.

203
Hai ch tn V do ti ghi thm. (Goldfish).
204
Hai ch phn ny do ti chp thm. phn l v nhc s coi v vic tu
nhc trong ba n th hai. (Goldfish).

Trang 159/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIX T TRNG
XIX.2
T Trng vit: Chp c bt hong, tn o bt c, yn nng vi
hu? Yn nng vi v?
Dch. T Trng ni: Ngi gi c m khng kin cng205, tin
ngha l (o) m khng dc lng, th i c h hay khng c h cng
vy thi.
XIX.3
T H chi mn nhn vn giao T Trng. T Trng vit: T H
vn h? i vit: T H vit: Kh gi d chi, k bt kh gi, c chi.
T Trng vit: D h ng s vn: Qun t tn hin nhi dong chng,
gia thin nhi cng bt nng. Ng chi i hin d, nhn h s bt dung?
Ng chi bt hin d, nhn tng c ng, nh chi h, k s nhn d.
Dch. Hc tr T H hi T Trng v vic kt bn. T Trng hi:
Thy T H dy nh th no? p: Thy T H bo: Nu l ngi
kh th mnh kt bn. Khng kh th nn c tuyt. T Trng ni: Ti
nghe khc vy: Ngi qun t tn trng ngi hin m dung np mi
ngi, khen ngi lng thin m thng k bt ti. Ta l bc i hin
th ai m khng dung np c? Cn nh ta m bt hin th ngi ta
c tuyt ta, ch u c tuyt c ngi?
XIX.4
T H vit: Tuy tiu o, tt hu kh quan gi yn. Tr vin khng
n, th d qun t bt vi d.
Dch. T H ni: Tuy lm ngh nh, cng ng xem xt. Nhng
nu i su vo ngh th e ho ra cu n, cho nn ngi qun t
khng lm.
XIX.5
T H vit: Nht tri k s v, nguyt v vong k s nng, kh v hiu
hc d d h.
Dch. T H ni: Mi ngy bit thm c iu cha bit, mi
thng khng qun nhng iu mnh bit, nh vy c th gi l ham
hc.

Ch hong [] mt s hc gi gn y cho l ngha nh ch cng [] ngy


205

nay.

Trang 160/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIX T TRNG
XIX.6
T H vit: Bc hc nhi c ch, thit vn nhi cn t, nhn ti k
trung h.
Dch. T H ni: Hc rng m vn gi ch hng, hi iu thit
thc m ngh n vic gn (vic thc hnh nhng iu ), o nhn
trong .
XIX.7
T H vit: Bch cng c t d thnh k s, qun t hc d tr k
o.
Dch. T H ni: Th trm ngh phi ti ch (ch c xng th)
mi lm c vt. (Cng vy) ngi qun t phi hc tp ri mi
thy c o.
XIX.8
T H vit: Tiu nhn chi qu d tt vn.
Dch. T H ni: K tiu nhn tt dng vn sc b ngoi che li
ca mnh.
XIX.9
T H vit: Qun t hu tam bin: Vng chi nghim nhin, tc chi
d n, thnh k ngn d l.
Dch. T H ni: Ngi qun t c ba v bin ho: xa th c v
trang trng, n gn th c v n ho, nghe li ni thy nghim.
XIX.10
T H vit: Qun t tn nhi hu lao k dn, v tn tc d vi l k d.
Tn nhi hu gin, v tn, tc d vi bng k d.
Dch. T H ni: Ngi qun t phi c dn tin ri sau mi bt
dn lm vic kh nhc c, nu cha c dn tin th h cho l lm
kh h. Phi c ngi trn tin ri mi can ngn, nu cha c
ngi trn tin th h cho l hu bng h.
XIX.11
T H vit: i c bt du nhn, tiu c xut nhp kh d.

Trang 161/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIX T TRNG
Dch. T H ni: Khng c vt qua i tit206, cn tiu tit th
tu tin, trong phm vi hay ra ngoi cng c (v khng phm n
i tit).
XIX.12
T Du vit: T H chi mn nhn tiu t ng si to, ng i, tin
thoi, tc kh h, c mt d, bn chi tc v, nh chi h? T H vn chi,
vit: Y! Ngn du qu h. Qun t chi o, thc tin truyn yn? Thc
hu quyn yn? Th ch tho mc, khu d bit h. Qun t chi o, yn
kh vu d? Hu thy hu tt gi, k duy thnh nhn h?
Dch. T Du ni: Hc tr thy T H, lm vic vy nc, qut
tc, ng i, ti lui th c, nhng ch l ci ngn, cn gc khng
c, th sao hc nn c? T H nghe vy, bo: Ngn Du (T Du) ni
sai ri. o ca ngi qun t, ci g nn dy trc? Ci g sau m
khng dy207? V nh cy c, c nhiu loi khc nhau. o ca ngi
qun t u c th vu hoc c? (giu iu chnh m dy iu ph).
Bit theo th t, iu no dy trc, iu no dy sau, ch nu cng dy
mt lc c ngn ln gc th ch thnh nhn mi theo c208.
XIX.13
T H vit: S nhi u tc hc, hc nhi u tc s.
Dch. T H ni: Lm quan m tha th gi, sc kho th nn hc,
hc m tha th gi, sc kho th nn lm quan.
XIX.14
T Du vit: Tang tr h ai nhi ch.

206
Theo trong
http://nankong.zjqzez.com/Article/hblx/hblx_jd/hblx_jd_jd/200506/1708.html th
c () c ngha l tit (): i c l i tit, tiu c l tiu tit; nhn
() c ngha l hn (). (Goldfish).
207
Ch quyn [] y tc ch quyn trong Hi nhn bt quyn. C ngi dch
khc: n sau m dy cho n mt mi.
208
Ngn tc nh vy nc, qut tc gc tc nh chnh tm thnh mun
ni: Dy o l ngay cho tr hoc cho nhng k km thng minh th h khng theo
c. i ca T H l dy hc phi c tun t, tu theo trnh ca mi ngi.
C ngi hiu l: Ging ngn m bit n gc, ch bc thnh nhn mi c nh
th. Li c ngi hiu l: o thnh nhn c ch nn dy trc, c ch nn dy
sau, ta chng nn tun t m dy sao? Bi ny ngha khng c g cao xa m li
khng minh bch, mi ngi hiu mi khc.

Trang 162/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIX T TRNG
Dch. T Du ni: Tang l m (biu l) ht lng thng xt l
ri.
Ch thch. C th hiu l khng nn by v lo lot, hoc khng
nn thng xt n mc hu hoi thn th.
XIX.15
T Du vit: Ng hu Trng d, vi nan nng d, nhin nhi v nhn.
Dch. T Du ni: Bn ti l T Trng (c cao) kh m gi
c nh anh y, nhng cha phi l bc nhn. (C l v tnh phng
khong, thin lch, thi qu Coi cun Khng t chng IV).
XIX.16
Tng T vit: ng ng h Trng d. Nan d tnh vi nhn h.
Dch. Tng t ni: T Trng tht c v ng hong, nhng kh
lm chung vic nhn vi anh y c.
XIX.17
Tng T vit: Ng vn ch phu t: Nhn v hu t tr gi d, tt d
thn tang h?
Dch. Tng t ni: Ta nghe thy ta ni: Ngi ta trong cc vic
khc cha biu l c ht tnh cm t nhin, ch trong vic tang cha
m l biu l c ht thi.
XIX.18
Tng T vit: Ng vn ch phu t: Mnh Trang t chi hiu d, k tha
kh nng d; k bt ci ph chi thn d ph chi chnh, th nan nng d.
Dch. Tng t ni: Ta nghe thy ta ni: ng Mnh Trang t (mt
i phu nc L) c nhng iu hiu khc m ngi ta lm c, ch c
iu ny l khng thay b ti v chnh tr ca cha l kh m lm c.
XIX.19
Mnh th s Dng Phu vi s s, vn Tng t. Tng t vit:
Thng tht k o, dn tn cu h. Nh c k tnh, tc ai cng nhi vt
h.
Dch. H Mnh dng Dng Phu (mt mn sinh ca Tng t) lm
php quan. Dng Phu n hi Tng t. Tng t bo: Ngi trn b
chnh o, dn chng phng tng, khng gi php t lu ri. Nu xt
c thc tnh ca ngi phm ti th nn thng xt h ch ng nn
mng (v ti minh quyt ca mnh).

Trang 163/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XIX T TRNG
XIX.20
T Cng vit: Tr chi bt thin, bt nh th chi thm d. Th d qun
t c h lu, thin h chi c giai qui yn.
Dch. T Cng ni: Nhng ti c ca vua Tr khng n ni qu
lm nh ngi ta truyn. S d ngi qun t khng mun chung vi
m h lu (m mang ting) v bao nhiu ti c trong thin h u dn
v .
XIX.21
T Cng vit: Qun t chi qu d, nh nht nguyt chi thc yn: Qu
d, nhn giai kin chi; canh d nhn giai ngng chi.
Dch. T Cng ni: Ngi qun t c li th nh nht thc, nguyt
thc: c li th ai cng thy, m khi sa li th ai cng ngng vng.
XIX.22
V Cng tn Triu vn T Cng, vit: Trng Ni yn hc? T
Cng vit: Vn V chi o, v try a, ti nhn. Hin gi ch k i
gi, bt hin gi, ch k tiu gi, mc bt hu Vn V chi o yn. Phu t
yn bt hc? Nhi dic h thng s chi hu?
Dch. Cng tn Triu (i phu nc V) hi T Cng: ng Trng
Ni hc vi ai? T Cng p: o ca vua Vn vua V (nh Chu)
cha mt, cn c ngi bo tn c. Ngi hin ghi c nhng iu
trng i, ngi bt hin nh c nhng iu nh nht, khng u
khng c o ca vua Vn vua V. Thy ti gp u m khng hc, h
tt phi hc ring mt thy no?
XIX.23
Thc tn V Thc ng i phu triu vit: T Cng hin Trng
Ni. T Phc Cnh B d co T Cng. T cng vit: Th chi cung
tng. T chi tng d cp kin khuy kin tht gia chi ho. Phu t chi
tng s nhn, bt c k mn nhi nhp, bt kin tn miu chi m, bch
quan chi ph. c k mn gi hoc qu h. Phu t chi vn, bt dic nghi
h?
Dch. Thc tn V Thc (mt i phu nc L) ni vi cc quan i
phu triu: ng T Cng ti gii hn ng Trng Ni. T Phc Cnh
B thut li li vi T Cng. T Cng ni: Ly bc tng cung tht
lm th d. Bc tng ca T ti cao ti vai, nn ngi ngoi thy
c nhng ci p trong nh. Bc tng ca thy ti cao my nhn
(mi nhn thi by tm thc, mi thc mt gang tay), nu khng

Trang 164/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XX NGHIU VIT
qua ca m vo th khng thy c nhng ci p trong tn miu, s
kin trc cc in phong ph ra sao. Hoc gi t ngi qua c ca.
Vy li ca ng Thc tn V Thc khng hp ri (sai ri).
XIX.24
Thc tn V Thc hy Trng Ni. T Cng vit: V d vi d. Trng
Ni bt kh hy d. Tha nhn chi hin gi, khu lng d, do kh du d.
Trng Ni nht nguyt d, v c nhi du yn. Nhn tuy dc t tuyt, k h
thng nht nguyt h? a. Kin k bt tri lng d.
Dch. Thc tn V Thc ch Trng Ni. T Cng ni: ng nn lm
vy. Thy Trng Ni khng th hu bng c. Ti c ca ngi khc
cao nh ci g, ci ng, cn c th qua c. Ngi ta d mun t
cch tuyt (m hu bng) th c hi g cho mt tri, mt trng u! Ch
t rng mnh khng bit lng cao thp m thi.
XIX.25
Trn T Cm v T Cng vit: T vi cung d? Trng Ni khi hin
t h? T Cng vit: Qun t nht ngn d vi tr, nht ngn d vi bt
tr, ngn bt kh bt thn d. Phu t chi bt kh cp d, do thin chi bt
kh giai nhi thng d. Phu t chi c bang gia gi, s v lp chi t lp,
o chi k hnh, tuy chi t lai, ng chi t ha. K sinh d vinh, k t d
ai, nh chi h k kh cp d?
Dch. Trn T Cm (Trn Cang) ni vi T Cng: Anh khim cung
y thi. Thy Trng Ni lm sao ti c hn anh c? T Cng bo:
Ngi qun t ni ra mt li m ngi ta cho mnh l khn, hay khng
khn, cho nn khng th khng thn trng li ni. Thy chng ta khng
ai b kp c, cng nh tri khng th bt thang m ln c. Nu thy
chng ta c cm quyn mt nc hay mt nh (p ca i phu), th
nh ngi xa ni, gy dng cho dn, dn s t lp, dt dn dn, dn s
bit ng m i, v yn dn, dn s qui phc, c v dn, dn s hip
lc vi nhau. Khi sng c mi ngi tn knh. Khi cht c mi
ngi thng xt. Ai c th b kp vi thy chng ta c?
THIN XX NGHIU VIT
XX.1
Nghiu vit: T! Nh Thun, thin chi lch s ti nh cung, don chp
k trung. T hi khn cng, thin lc vnh chung. Thun dic d mnh
V.

Trang 165/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XX NGHIU VIT
Vit: D tiu t L, cm dng huyn mu, cm chiu co vu hong
hong hu : Hu ti bt cm x. thn bt t, gin ti tm. Trm
cung hu ti, v d vn phng; vn phng hu ti, ti ti trm cung.
*
Chu hu i li, thin nhn th ph. Tuy hu chu thn, bt nh nhn
nhn. Bch tnh hu qu, ti d nht nhn.
Cn quyn lng, thm php , tu ph quan, t phng chi chnh
hnh yn. Hng dit quc, tu ph quan, k tuyt th, c dt dn, thin h
chi dn qui tm yn. S trng: Dn, thc, tang, t. Khoan tc c chng,
tn tc dn nhim yn, mn tc hu cng, cng tc duyt.
Dch. (Khi nhng ngi cho ng Thun) vua Nghiu bo: Hi ng
Thun, mnh tri tun hon, nay ngi vua v ng; ng nn thnh thc
gi o trung chnh. Nu dn trong bn b khn cng, th lc tri (ban
cho ng) s mt hn y. (V sau) vua Thun li truyn nhng li
cho vua V.
Ch thch. Vua Nghiu, nh o ng: 2356-2255; vua Thun,
nh Hu Ngu: 2255-2205; vua V: 2205-2197, sng lp nh H, (cho
nn cng gi ng l H V). Sau, nh H suy, b ch hu ng L nh
ui, ln ngi, hiu l Thnh Thang (1766-1753), lp nh Thng (cng
gi l nh n: 1766-1122). Chng ta nhn thy cu u c vn: cung,
trung, cng, chung; chc vit kh tr vo gia thi Chin Quc.
*
(Khi ln ngi c sch ging l nhn mt ln o v) vua Thnh
Thang co vi Tri: a tiu t (con nh) ny tn l L, mo mui
dng con b c en t, mo mui co bch vi Thng ch tn
ch cao rng: K c ti (c sch bo y m ch vua Kit), tiu t khng
dm tha. Nhng k b ti ca Thng ai thin, ai c, tiu t khng
dm giu, v lng Thng r ri. Bn thn trm209
*

209
Thi xa, sang hn g cng xng l trm; t thi Tn Thu Hong, ch vua mi
c t xng l trm. Ri nh Thng suy, vua Tr bo ngc, b ch hu l
Pht dit m ln ngi, lp nh Chu, (1122-256 hoc 221), hiu V vng.
[on c nguyn vn l: Trm cung hu ti, v d vn phng; vn phng hu
ti, ti ti trm cung, li dch trong ebook ngun ch c ba ch: Bn thn trm.
Xin tm b sung: () c ti, khng phi ca dn; mun dn m c ti, ti l
ti trm (vng tr dn). (Goldfish).

Trang 166/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XX NGHIU VIT
(Sau khi V vng dit Tr) nh Chu c tri thng ln, nn c
nhiu ngi thin210. (V nhng ngi ny c V vng phong lm
vua ch hu). Khi phong T Thi cng211, V vng bo: Tuy c ngi
thn thch rt gn, cng khng bng c ngi nhn c. Trm h c li,
u ti mt mnh ta (khng bit gio ho).
(V vng) nh li cn thn ci cn v o lng, ch nh php
, khi phc li nhng quan chc b (vua Tr) bi b, chnh lnh
trong thin h c thi hnh. ng phc hng nhng nc ch hu b
dit, cho ngi ni tip nhng dng h b tuyt, bt nhng ngi
n dt c ti c nn nhn dn khp ni qui phc. ng coi trng nhng
vic ny nht: Thng dn212, lng thc, tang l, t t. ng khoan hu
nn c lng ngi, thnh thc nn c trm h tn nhim, cn mn
nn thnh cng, cng bnh nn mi ngi vui v.
Ch thch. Bi ny c th l ca Khng t, ngi sau chp li,
thiu lin lc m on cui c my cu: Khoan tc c chng, tn c
dn nhim, mn tc hu cng trng vi bi XVII.6.
XX.2
T Trng vn Khng T vit: H nh, t kh d tng chnh h.
T vit: Tn ng m, bnh t c, t kh d tng chnh h. T trng
vit: H v ng m? T vit: Qun t hu nhi bt ph, lao nhi bt on,
dc nhi bt tham, thi nhi bt kiu, uy nhi bt mnh. T Trng vit:
H v hu nhi bt ph? T vit: Nhn dn chi s li nhi li chi, t bt
dic hu nhi bt ph h? Trch kh lao nhi lao chi, hu thy on? Dc
nhn nhi c nhn, hu yn tham? Qun t v chng qu, v tiu i, v
cm mn, t bt dic thi nhi bt kiu h? Qun t chnh k y quan, tn
k chim th, nghim nhin nhn vng nhi uy chi, t bt dic uy nhi bt
mnh h? T Trng vit: H v t c? T vit: Bt gio nhi st, v
chi ngc; bt gii th thnh, v chi bo; mn lnh tr k, v chi tc; do
chi d nhn d, xut np chi ln, v chi hu ti.
Dch. T Trng hi Khng t: Th no th c th tng chnh
(gnh vic c) c? Khng t p: Phi trng nm iu tt, tr
bn iu xu th c th tng chnh c. T Trng hi: Th no l

210
Cu u ny c ngi hiu l: V vng em ca cng pht cho dn, nhng
ngi thin c thng nhiu, nn ho ra giu c. Hiu nh vy cng c l,
nhng khng lin tip vi my cu sau bng hiu nh chng ti dch.
211
T Thi cng, tc Khng T Nha. (Goldfish).
212
C sch chm cu: S trng dn, thc, tang, t v dch l: ch trng n vic
ca dn nh lng thc, tang l, t t.

Trang 167/195
DCH V CH THCH THIN XX NGHIU VIT
nm iu tt? Khng t p: Ngi qun t ban n hu cho dn m
khng hao tn, khin dn lm vic kh nhc m dn khng on, c lng
mun m dn khng tham, th thi m khng kiu cng, uy nghim m
khng d tn. T Trng hi: Th no m ban n hu cho dn m
khng hao tn?. Khng t p: Nhn ci li ca dn m lm li
cho dn (chng hn dn min ni, min bin ci li ca ni, ca
bin, khuch trng nhng li cho dn) th chng phi l ban n hu
cho dn m khng hao tn ? Chn vic phi lm v lc no ng lm
m khin cho dn lm, nh vy th ai on? Mun c iu nhn m c
iu nhn th cn g m tham? Ngi qun t i vi dn, chng k l
m ng hay t, ngi ln hay ngi nh (c ngi dch l chng k
vic ln hay vic nh), khng dm khinh thng, tr bing, nh vy
chng phi l th thi m khng kiu cng ? Ngi qun t m o
chnh t, nhn ng oan chnh, dng mo trang trng, ai trng thy cng
knh s, nh vy chng phi uy nghim m khng d tn ? T Trng
hi: Th no l bn iu xu? Khng t p: Khng gio ho dn,
dn phm ti ri git, nh vy l tn ngc; khng ct t, rn bo
trc m mun c thnh tch, nh vy l hung bo; khi ra lnh th
khng bo l cp bch ri t nhin bt dn phi lm xong trong mt k
hn gp, nh vy l hi dn; khi cho dn ci g m so o bn xn vi
dn, nh vy l c thi nh nhen ca mt vin chc thp (hu ti)
XX.3
T vit: Bt tri mnh, v d vi qun t d; bt tri l, v d lp d; bt
tri ngn, v d tri nhn d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Khng bit mnh tri th khng phi l ngi
qun t; khng bit l th khng bit cch i ng i (hoc khng
bit lp thn trong chnh o); khng bit phn bit li ni ca ngi
th khng hiu ngi.

Trang 168/195
PH LC KHNG T

PH LC
Gm cc bng phn loi, hai bng nhn danh, a danh v mt bng
nhng cu thng dn.
KHNG T
I SNG
II.4. (Lp ch hc). 19. Bn v chnh tr vi Ai cng.
III.21. Ni v vic lp n x. 23. Bn v nhc vi nhc trng nc
L.
V.21 Mun v L hng dn thanh nin.
VI.26. V yt kin Nam t V.
VII.13. Hc nhc Thiu. 14. Khng v vua V. 16. Hc Dch. 17.
Dng ngn ng tiu chun ca Chu. 18. Dip cng hi T L v
Khng t. 22. Tng, Hon Khi mun hi.
IX.5. B vy t Khung (c mnh tri).
IX.6. Hi tr lm nhiu ngh. 8. Chn v chim phng khng hin.
Th tri. 13. Chn, mun i Cu Di. 14. V L nh chnh nhc.
17. Phn nn ngi ta trng sc hn c.
XI.2. Trn, Thi. 7, 8, 9. 10. (Nhan Hi cht). 12. on T L
bt c k t. 22. Gp Nhan Hi Khung.
XII.11. T Cnh cng vn chnh. 17, 18, 19. Bn v chnh tr vi
Qu Khang t.
XIII.3. V, ni v chnh danh. V, ni v th, ph, gio. 16.
Dip cng vn chnh. 18. Dip cng hi v con t co cha.
XIV.5. Khng ch vua nc mnh . 19. Bn v chnh tr vi Qu
Khang t. 21. ngh nh lon thn Trn Thnh t T. Thch
Mn. 40. nh khnh V.
XV.1. V Linh cng hi v chin Tuyt Lng Trn. 41. i vi
nhc s m.
XVI.13. Dy B Ng.
XVI.1. Dng Ho d khng c. 5. Mun ti vi Pht Nhiu. 7.
Mun ti vi Bt Ht. 10. Dy B Ng. 20. Khng tip Nh Bi.

Trang 169/195
PH LC KHNG T
XVIII.3. T Cnh cng khng dng. 4. B L qua V v on n
nhc. 5. Gp S Cung. 6. Gp Trng Th, Kit Nch. 7. Gp
trng nhn.
LI SNG
C thin X. Bi 1-5 sinh hot triu nh. Bi 6 9, 13 sinh hot
nh. 8 n, 6 mc, 16 . Bi 10 sinh hot lng xm. Bi 11, 15 bn
b. Bi 17 khi ngi xe. Bi 12 chung nga chy.
NHN CCH, TNH TNH
(coi c hai mc trn i sng, Li sng v mc di Dy hc).
I.10. n, lng, cung, kim.
III.13. T nh ti. 14. Khng nnh. 15. Hi l thi miu. 18.
Tn l vi vua. 25. Khng a v lc, cch mng.
V.25. Ch hng (lo gi an chi). 27. Trung tn, ham hc.
VI.8. i vi hc tr (B Ngu). 24. Nhn v tr. 26. Gp Nam t.
VII.2, 3. Dy khng mi, dy khng chn. 4. Khi nhn c, vui v.
9. Vi ngi c tang. 10. Khng bo h bng h. 11, 25. Khng ham
ph qu. 12. Thn trng: trai, chin, tt. 13. Thch nhc Thiu. 18.
Hc qun gi. 20. Khng ni v qui, lc, lon, thn. 21. Tam nhn
hnh. 22. Bnh tnh, tin mnh. 23. Khng giu hc tr. 26. Khi cu,
bn. 28. Khoan dung, qun d vng xu ca ngi. 31. Ht. 32.
Nhn. 34. Khng cu o. 37. n, uy, cung.
IX.2. Ni a: chuyn ngh nh xe. 3. Trng l, tu thi. 4.
Tuyt t. 5. Tin mnh. 6. Nhn. 9. i vi ngi c tang, ngi
m. Trch T L mun tng mnh nh i phu.
DY HC
VII.7. Dy mi hng ngi. 28. Khng xt d vng xu. 2, 33. Hi
nhn bt quyn.
XV.38. Hu gio v loi.
CCH DY
II.11. n c tri tn.
VI.10. Thc hc tr tin. 11. Ch trng o c. 12. Theo di
hnh vi hc tr. 19. Tu hng ngi cao thp.
VII.8. Bt suy ngh (c nht ngung). 20. Khng ging qui, lc,
lon, thn. 23. Khng giu gim g c.

Trang 170/195
PH LC KHNG T
IX.1. t ni li, mnh, nhn. Tun t dn d. 23. Sa tt, suy xt.
XIV.45. Dy tr l php (lng Khuyt).
XV.15. Bt suy ngh (nh chi h).
XVII.19. D dc v ngn (coi thm li T H XIV.12213). i chng
h dc214 nh ging v hiu (IV), v nhn (XII), nht l bi XI.21 (vn
t hnh ch).
KHNG T T XT MNH
II.4. Mi tui 15, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70.
V.27. Ham hc.
VII.1. Thut nhi bt tc, hiu c. 2. Hc bt ym, hi nhn bt
quyn. 3. Lo hc, hnh, tu thn. 5. Than th v sc suy, khng mng
thy Chu cng. 18. Hc qun gi. Phi sinh nhi tri chi. 22. Tri cho
c c.
IX.6. Ng thiu tin.
XIII.10. Cu hu dng ng.
XIV.28. Cha c o qun t. 32. Ght ngi ngoan c. 35. Bt
on thin, bt vu nhn, ch tri bit mnh.
XVIII.8. V kh v bt kh.
KHNG T XT NGI XA V NGI NG THI
III.22. Qun Trng. V.14. Khng Vn t (bt s h vn). 15. T Sn.
16. n Bnh Trng. 17. Tang Vn Trng nui ra bi. T Vn,
Trn Vn t. 19. Qu Vn t. 20. Ninh V t. 22. B Di, Thc T.
23. Vi Sinh Cao. 24. T Khu Minh.
VI.4. (ngi ng thi a nnh), 15. (khng theo chnh o) 13.
Mnh Chi Phn. 22. Xt T, L. 23. C bt c.
VIII.1. Thi B. 12. (ngi ta hc v bng lc). 18. Thun, V.
19. Thun, Nghiu. 20. Thun, Vn vng, V vng. 21. V (H).
IX.17. (Ngi ta hiu sc hn hiu c).
XIII.7. Xt V, L.
XIX.9. Qun Trng, T Sn, T Ty. 11, 12. Mnh Cng Xc.
12, 14. Tang V Trng, Trang t. 13. Cng Thc Vn t. 15. Tn

213
Ng sai. (Goldfish).
214
Ng sai. (Goldfish).

Trang 171/195
PH LC KHNG T
Vn cng, T Hon cng. 16, 17. Qun Trng. 19. V Linh cng v
o m bit dng ngi nn khng mt nc. 21. Trn Thnh t. 26.
Khen mt s gi. 44. Nguyn Nhng.
XV.3. t ngi bit o c. 13. Tang Vn Trng, Liu H Hu.
25. Ngi nay km xa.
XVI.11. Than thi th215.
XVI.12. Ch T Cnh cng.
XVII.2. Tnh tng cn. 3. Thng tr, h ngu. 16. C gi dn hu
tam tt. 25. Tiu nhn v n b.
XVIII.1. Vi t, C t, T Can. 8. Cc n s, B Di, Thc T
NGI NG THI XT KHNG T
(Khng k li mn sinh xt s ghi trong mc sau).
III.24. (Nghi Phong nhn: cho Khng t l mc c)
IX.2. (t Hng ng: ch Khng t l bc hc m v thnh danh).
IX.6. (Mt vin thi t: khen l thnh, a nng).
XIV.32. (ch Khng t mun t khu ti). 39. (Ngi gi ca ch l
bit khng lm c m vn lm). 40. (Ngi vc st V ch l
khng thc thi, khi Khng t nh khnh V).
XVIII.5. (S Cung: khng thc thi). 6. (Trng Th, Kit Nch:
khng thc thi). 7. (Trng nhn ch l chng lm g c, khng bit
nm ging la).
XIV.23, 24 (Thc tn V Thc ch Khng t km T Cng. T Cng
p). 25. Trn T Cm cho Khng t khng hn T Cng.
MN SINH KHNG T
Li ni Khng t xt mn sinh, gch di216 Li mn sinh xt
Khng t, t trong du ngoc. Chm ngn ca mn sinh t ring
cui v c du * trc. Cn nhng bi khc c nhc ti mn sinh th in
nh thng. Tn h mn sinh sp theo th t a, b, c Nhng tn t
thng dng, in ch hoa cho d kim.
B Ngu (coi Nhim Canh).
Bc Thng T H II.8; III.8; VI.11; XI.12, 15 XII.22, XIII.17.
215
Ng sai. (Goldfish).
216
Trong cc bi di, trong ebook ngun khng c bi no c gch di.
(Goldfish).

Trang 172/195
PH LC KHNG T
* (chm ngn). I.7; XII.5 XIX. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.
Cao Si T CAO XI.17, 24.
Cng D Trng T TRNG V.1 (con r).
Cng Ty Xch T HOA V.7; VI.3; XI.21, 25.
Chuyn Tn S T TRNG II.18, 23; XI.15, 17, 19; XII.6, 10,
20; XIV.5 XX.2.
* XIX.1, 2, 3.
oan Mc T T CNG (I.10), I.15; V.3, 8, 11, 14; VI.6, 28;
VII.14; IX.12, (6); XI.2, 12, 15, 18. bun bn. XII.6, 7, 8, 23; XIII.20,
24; XIV.17, (28), 29, 35; XV.2, 9, 23; XVII.19, 24; (XIX.22, 23, 24,
25).
* XIV.20, 21.
Hu Nhc, HU T XII.9 (p Ai cng v thu thu).
* I.1, 12, 13.
Khng L B NG (con Khng t) XI.17; XVI.13; XVI.10.
Lao (khng bit h) IX.6.
Mn Tn MN T KHIN VI.7; XI.2, 4, 12, 13.
Mt Bt T T TIN V.2.
Nam Dung Nam Cung Qut chu r T DUNG V.1; XI.5;
XIV.5.
Nguyn Hin Nguyn T T T VI.3; XIV.1.
Ngn Yn T DU II.7; VI.12; XVII.4 dng dao m b m m g.
* IV.26, XIX.12, 14, 15.
Nhan Hi NHAN UYN, T UYN II.9; V.8, 25; VI.2, 5, 9 mt
bu nc VII.10; IX.19, 20; XI.2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 18, 22; (IX.10);
XV.10.
Nhan L XI.7.
Nhim Canh B NGU (ci) VI.8; XI.2.
Nhim Cu NHIM HU, NHIM T III.6; V.7; VI.3, 6, 10;
VII.14; XI.2, 12, 16, ui Nhim Hu 21, 23, 35; XIII.9, 14; XIV.12;
XVI.1.
Nhim Ung TRNG CUNG V.4 bt ninh; VI.1, 4, kh nam din
XI.2; XII.2; XIII.2.
Trang 173/195
PH LC KHNG T
Nh Bi XVII.20.
Phn Tu Phn Tr T TR II.5 vn hiu. XII.21, 22. sng c
XIII.4, 10. i Di ch.
Tng Tch IM XI.25.
Tng Sm T D, TNG T IV.15; XI.17; XIX.18.
* I.4, 9; VIII.3, 4, 5, 6, 7; XII.24; XIV.26 XIX.16, 17, 19.
Tt iu Khai V.5.
T D T NG III.21; V.9 ng ngy. VI.24; XI.2 n ni gii
XVII.21 tang.
T M Canh T NGU XII.3, 4, 5.
Trn Cang T CM I.10; XVI.13 (XIX.25).
Trng Do T L QU L II.17; V.6, 7, 13, 25; VI. 6, 26;
VII.10; IX.11, 26, bn o xu. X.18; XI.2, 11, 12, 14, 17, 21, 23, 34, 25;
XII.12; XIII.1, 3; XIV.12, 16, 36, 39, 43; VI.1; XV.5, 7, 23; XVIII.6, 7.
HC V TU DNG
Nn coi thm li ca mt s mn sinh: T H, T Trng, Tng t,
T Cng v.v trn.
Mc ch Thi XVII.2 tnh tng cn, tp tng vin.
Hc v mnh I.1, 16; IV.14; XIV.30 bt hon mc k tri.
Khng cu lc VII.12; XIV.24; XV.31.
Hc o VII.3 tu c XII.10, 21 sng c, bt hoc, IV.9, VIII.13
ch o, gi o. XIVII.8 lc t hc cn cho mi c, nhng nn
nh: XV.28 nhn nng hong o.
Hc sa mnh I.8, I.4 xt mnh (li Tng Sm), IX.23, XV.29,
V.26 t trch mnh. XIV.10 qun t hu cu t.
Vui hc I.1 hc nhi thi cp chi, bt dic duyt h. I.14 hiu hc
IV.8 triu vn hc. I.8 vui o cn hn thch o.
Cch hc
Nht qun: IV.15, XV.2 tng hp ly mt mi.
Suy ngh: II.15 hc nhi bt t VII.8 c nht ngung. XV.15 nh chi
h, 30 suy ngh khng bng hc. IX.4 tuyt t IX.7 tm hiu vn .
II.17 tri chi vi tri chi. II.11 n c tri tn. I.15 co vng tri lai.
Gng sc: VIII.17 hc nh bt cp. IX.18, 30 kin tm nh p ni.

Trang 174/195
PH LC KHNG T
Hc mi ngi: IV.17 hc ngi hin. VII.21 tam nhn hnh. V.14
bt s h vn. IV.25 c bt c. (coi thm li T H XIX. 4, 5).
Hc g?
Hc o, vn, ngh I.6, VII.6, VII.24, VI.25 bc vn VI.16 vn
ngang cht XII.8 (li T Cng) III.16 hc bn XIII.4 khng dy
nng.
Vn th c:
Thi II.2 t v t VIII.8 hng thi. XIII.5 tng thi tam bch. XVI.13
bt hc thi v d ngn XVII.9 kh d hng, 10.
(Nhng bi dn Thi: I.14 nh thit nh tha. III.3 th Ung, III.8 xo
tiu thin h, III.20 Quan th, VIII.1 chin chin cng cng nh lm
thm uyn. IX.26 bt ch bt cu IX. 30 ng l chi hoa. X.15 th
Bch Khu XIV.40 thm tc l, thin tc kh), I.12 l ho (Hu
Nhc), II.5 hiu vi l217.
L, nhc: III.24 nhc l. III.25 nhc Thiu, nhc V. VI.25 c chi d
l. VIII.12 l vi cung, dng, trc. IX.3 thu thi. VIII.8 lp l, thnh
nhc. IX.14 nh, tng. XVI.13 bt hc l v d lp. III.4, XVII.11
khng trng hnh thc. XVII. 18 ght Trnh thanh218.
Tang, t: I.9 thn chung truy vin (Tng t) II.24 phi k qu nhi t
chi. III.10, 11, 12 t nh ti. III.1 V Bt dt. III.6 t L. III.10, 11, 12 t
. II.21 n X. VI.2 l phi tu thi. XI.7, 10 tng. XI.11 yn nng s
qu. XIV.41 vua c tang. XIV.42 l XVII.21 tang ba nm. XIX.14, 17
tang, tng (Tng t).
Th: XIV.41 (dn kinh Th)219.
Dch: VII.16 gia ng s nin XIII.22 (dn qu Hng).
Khng ging v qui, lc, lon, thn VII.20, tnh, thin mng V.12,
qu, sinh t XI.11.
CC C
Nhn III.3 gc ca l nhc IV.6 ngi yu nhn. VI.20 tin nan hu
hoch VI.21 k dc lp; IV.6, VII.29 mun nhn th c nhn IX.28
nhn gi bt u XII.22 i nhn. IV.5 khng lc no qun nhn. I.2 hiu
217
Thit ngh hai bi I.12 v II.5 nn sp chung vi cc bi ni v l v nhc di
th phi hn. (Goldfish).
218
Nn k thm bi XV.10: Khng t ch trng cm Trnh thanh v Trnh thanh
dm. (Goldfish).
219
Bi II.21 cng c dn kinh Th (ni v o hiu). (Goldfish).

Trang 175/195
PH LC KHNG T
l gc ca nhn (li Hu Nhc). XII.2, XV.23 k s bt dc XII.3,
XIII.19 cung, knh, trung. XIII.27 gn c c nhn. IX.28 nhn, tr,
dng. XII.1 nhn vi l. XIV.1 khng chc l nhn XIV.4 nhn vi
dng XV.8 st thn d thnh nhn XV.9, 34, 35 XVII.6 nm c
thnh nhn XIX.6 (li T H). VI.24 nhn gi nho sn VI.24 nhn
gi kh thi, bt kh vng d.
Ngha, li IV.10, 16. VII.15 ph qu nh ph vn IV.12 li sinh on.
IX.1 t hn ngn li. XIII.17 tiu li. XVII.23 ngha, dng.
Tr IV.2 ngi nhn, ngi tr V.17 bt tr. V.20 bang hu o
VI.20 tr l nhn; Knh nhi vin chi VI.21 tr gi nho thu. IX.28
nhn tr dng. XII.22 tri nhn.
Dng II.24 v dng. IX.25 gi vng ch IX.27 gi t cch: tu hn,
tng bch hu iu IX.28 nhn tr dng XIV.4 dng vi nhn
XVII.23 dng, ngha.
Trung tn, thnh I.4 (li Tng t). I.8 qun t ch trung tn. I.1 (li
Hu Nhc). II.22 tn. V.24 khng thnh thc. VII.24. VIII.16 ngi bt
tn. VII.12 (T L tn). XV.36 tiu tn. XVII.12, 13 (hng nguyn).
XIX.10.
Ngn hnh I.3, V.24 xo ngn I.24 thn ngn II.13, 18. IV.22, 24
thn ngn, mn hnh. V.19 tam t nhi hu hnh? XI.20. XIII.3 danh
chnh, ngn thun. XIII.15 nht ngn kh d hng bang. XIV.3 knh.
XIV.4 ngn v c. XIV.27 ngn hnh. XV.5, XV.7 tht ngn, tht
nhn, XV.26, XV.40 t t nhi d. XVI.6 ni vi vua. XVII.14.
Hiu I.2 gc ca nhn (li Hu Nhc). I.11. II.5 hiu vi l. II.6
con au cha m lo. II.7 hiu = knh. II.8 hiu = ho. IV.18 can cha m.
IV.20 khi cha m cn, mt. IV.19 con i xa. IV.21 bit tui cha m.
VIII.4 gi trn thn th (li Tng Sm). XIII.18 hiu vi trc. XIX.18
Mnh Trang t c hiu.
Trung th IV.15 nht qun. Ba ln ni ti th: V.11, XII.2 v XV.23
u: k s bt dc
Trung dung, trung chnh II.16 cng h d oan. VI.1 th no l qu
gin? VI.27 trung dung. IX.3, 29 tu thi XI.15 qu do bt cp.
XIII.21 khng trung chnh: cung, quyn.
Cc c khc I.4 thc v cu bo. IV.23 t tit ch V.10 cng
cng VI.17 trc VII.25 hng, thnh thc. VII.35 kim pht. IX.29
quyn bin XIII.32 hng tm. XIII.23 ho nhi bt ng. XIII.26 th
thi, nhn. XIV.1 khng khc, pht, on, dc. XVI.4 ba hng bn tt, 5

Trang 176/195
PH LC KHNG T
ba iu thch, 6 ba li v ni, 7 ba iu rn, 8 ba iu s. (coi thm mc
Qun t).
X TH
i vi tri, qu thn, mnh tri. (coi thm L).
V.12 (t ni thin o). VI.20 (knh nhi vin chi).
VII.22, IX.5 (tin mnh tri). IX.11 (bt khi thin) XI.11 (nng s
nhn). XII.5 (t sinh hu mnh) XIV.36 (mnh). XVII.19 (thin h
ngn tai).
i vi cha m, anh em (coi hiu ).
Coi thm li T H I.7 i vi vua (li T H).
i vi vua I.7 (li T H) III.18 (tn l). III.19 (trung), IV.26 (can
gin), XIV.22 (vt khi d, nhi phm chi) XV.37 (th vua).
La bn v i vi bn I.7 (li T H). IV.26 (can gin) V.16 (cu
nhi knh chi). IX.29 (bn hc o). XII.23 (can rn). XII.24 (d vn hi
hu). XIII.28 (bn b thit tha khuyn nhau). XV.39 (o bt ng).
XV.4 (ba hng bn tt). XIX.3 (la bn). XIX.20 (li T Cng: khng
chung vi m h lu).
i vi mi ngi IV.6 (yu ngi nhn). VI.3 (chu cp, tr lng).
VI.4 (dng ngi). VIII.10 (ng ght ngi qu). XII.5 (t hi giai
huynh ). XIII.25 (i vi qun t, tiu nhn). XIV.7 (yu, trung).
XIV.31 (khng on trc ngi ta xu). XIV.34 (d trc bo on)
XV.24 (trch nhim). XV.27 (mi ngi yu, ght). XV.41 (nhc s
m) XVII.18 (ght k b, mp). XVII.24 (qun t ght nhng hng
ngi no). XVII.25 (i vi n b v tiu nhn). XIII.19 (i vi Di,
Dch).
C xt ngi I.3 (xo ngn lnh sc, t nhn). II.10 (xt vic lm).
III.26 (ngi xu: khng khoan hng, nghim tc, c tang khng bun).
IV.7 (xt ngi bng li). V.9 (nghe li ni ri xt vic). VIII.10 (k
lon). VIII.11 (kiu, ln). VIII.16 (nhng ngi b i). IX.22 (hu sinh
kh u). IX.29 (bn hc tp). XI.20 (coi chng b ngoi). XIII.24 (mi
ngi trong lng u a). XV.16, 24 (khen ch ai).
Xut x IV.1 (la ch c nhn). V.1, 2, 20, VIII.13, XIV.1, 3 (bang
hu o). VIII.14 (bt ti k v). XIV.37 ( n). XVIII.3 (b vua m
i).

Trang 177/195
PH LC KHNG T
i vi ph qu I.15 (ngho nn vui, giu nn c l). IV.5 (phi hp
vi nhau). XIV.16 (ngho khng on, giu khng kiu), XV.3 (bt u
bn). VII.15 (khng ham ph qu ph qu nh ph vn).
CC HNG NGI
Thnh
VI.28 (Nghiu, Thun). VII.25 (Thnh, qun t, thin nhn, hu
hng). VIII.18 (Thun, V). IX.6 (Khng t khng nhn l thnh)
XVI.9 (sinh nhi tri chi).
Nhn
VI.21 (nhn gi nho sn). VI.28 (k dc lp). XVI.9, 16, 17 (Qun
Trng). VI.5 (Nhan Hi gn c nhn).
Ngi hon ton (thnh nhn) XIV.12.
Thin (bm sinh tt) XI.19 XIII.11, 29.
Hin VI.9 (Nhan Hi).
S IV.9 (ch o). VIII.7 (li Tng t nhim v k s). XII.20 (th
no l t s?) XIII.20 (ba hng s) XIII.28, XIX.1.
Qun t (hoc km vi tiu nhn)
I.1 (khng bun v ngi ta khng bit mnh) I.2 (v gc). I.8 (trung
tn, sa li) I.14 (thc v cu bo). II.12 (bt kh). II.13 (ngn hnh)
II.14 (chu nhi bt t). III.7 (v s tranh, tt d x h). IV.5 (qun t vi
nhn). IV.10 (v thch, v mc, ch theo ngha) IV.24 (ngn hnh). V.5
(T Tin) V.14 (T Sn) VI.11 (nho qun t). VI.16 (vn ngang
cht) VI.24 (kh thi, bt kh vng). VI.25 (vn, l). VII.36 (thn ng
ng). XI.20 (c knh khi bn lun, cha l qun t). XII.4 (cung,
knh, l). XII.8 (vn v cht). XII.16 (thnh nhn chi m). XII.19 (qun
t chi c phong). XIII.3 (khng bit th b trng) XIII.23 (ho nhi bt
ng). XIII.25 (d s nhi nan duyt). XIII.26 (thi nhi bt kiu). XIV.23
(thng t). XIV.27 (s k ngn nhi qu k hnh). XIV.28 (bt u, bt
hoc, bt c). XIV.43 (tu k). XV.1 (c cng) XV.17 (ngha d vi cht).
XV.18 (bnh v nng yn) XV.21 (cng nhi bt tranh). XV.22 (bt d
ngn c nhn) XV.31 (bt u bn). XV.33 (kh i th). XV.36 (trinh
nhi bt lng). XVI.7, 8 (hu tam u). XVI.10 (hu cu t). XX.2 (hu
nhi bt ph). XX.3 (tri mnh, tri l, tri ngn).
Hng nguyn XVII.13.

Trang 178/195
PH LC KHNG T
Tiu nhn XVII.15 (v s bt ch). XVII.22 (n no sut ngy m
khng dng tm).
Tiu nhn v n b XVII.25 (nan dng). XVII.26 (40 tui m ai
cng ght).
Coi thm cc bi XIX.7, 8, 9, 19, 21 T H v T Cng bn v qun
t, tiu nhn.
CHNH TR
T tng chnh tr ri rc trong khp cc thin, lm ra ht th rm
lm, nn y chng ti ch la nhng bi chnh. Nn coi nhng li
Khng t p cc nh cm quyn, cc mn sinh, coi i sng ca ng v
c nhng li gio hun ca ng na.
Chnh sch Ci cch. III.14 Ng tng Chu. XVII.5 Phc hng Chu
nhng IX.3 tu thi. XV.10 lch H, xe n, m Chu. II.23 bch th kh
tri. III.25 khng thch cch mng, trng nhc Thiu hn nhc V. VII.20
ght sc mnh220. Lo cho dn sng yn vui, xa qui ph XIII.16. Ph,
th, gio XIII.9. Thc, binh, tn XII.7. Chin u XIII.29, 30. Dy dn
XV.1221. t can thip vo i sng ca dn: VI.1 hnh gin. I.5 s dn
d thi. XV.4 v vi nhi tr. Knh vua nhng khng trung qun hp hi
XIV.22 XIV.16, 17 khen Qun Trng c h nh khng tn Chu. Cc
ng thnh (Nghiu, Thun, V, V) VIII.18, 19, 20, 21, XX.1. Cc t
tng gii: Qun Trng, T Sn
c tr II.1 sao Bc u. II.21 hiu . XV.34 nhn. Chnh danh
VI.23 c bt c. XII.11 qun qun. XIII.19 qun t chi c phong.
Trng l hn trng hnh php II.3, 23, III.19. IV.13, XV.19, XII.13 tt
d s v tng h. IV.42, XV.10 nhc Thiu. XVI.12 l nhc, XVII.4 T
Du dng nhc.
Dng ngi VI.4 Trng Cung. XI.1 tin tin l nhc. II.19 trc
XI.23, 24 i thn. XII.22 bt ngi tt. XIII.2, XIV.19 b ti tt.
XVIII.10 Chu Cng khuyn B Cm.
T cch ngi tr dn (coi thm mc Qun t). Phi hc mi tr dn
c XI.24. Lm gng, dy dn XII.17, 18, 19. XIII.6, 13. VIII.2 (hiu
tho). XIII.1 tin chi lao chi. VI.1 c knh hnh gin III.19 l vi b
ti. V.15 knh, hu, ngha. XII.2 nhn, XII.11 qun nhn XII.18 khng
tham. I.5 knh, tn, dng. II.18 ngn hnh. XII.14 v quyn. XIII.4 l,
ngha, tn. XX.2 ng m, t c. XV.32 tr, nhn, l. VIII.14 bt ti k v.
220
Ng sai. (Goldfish).
221
Ng sai. (Goldfish).

Trang 179/195
PH LC TN NGI TN T TN TRIU I
XV.37 th vua. XVI.2 khng ln vua. Tr nc phi bao lu? XIII.10 (3
nm), XIII.12 (30 nm), XIII.111 (100 nm).
***
TN NGI TN T TN TRIU I
d kim, chng ti gom tt c cc tn t v cho in ng222 cui
mc A, B, C chng ti b bt mt s tn khng quan trng, chng hn
tn tm k s i Chu trong bi XVIII.11 Tn cc triu i c du *
trc. Tn cc mn sinh ca Khng t lp mt bn ring trn, y
khng chp li.
A.
Ai cng (L) II.9 chnh tr, III.21, VI.2, XII.9, XIV.21.
n Bnh Trng V.16.
* n II.23. III.9, 21, VIII.20, XV.10.
B.
B Cm XVIII.10
B Di, Thc T V.22, VII.14, XVI.12, XVIII.8.
(Bt s: tm k s i Chu: XVIII.11).
(Bt nhc s nc L: XVIII.9).
Bt Ht XVII.7
Bin XIV.12
C.
Cao Dao XII.22.
Cnh cng (T) XII.11 vn chnh, XVI.12 khng ng khen, XVIII.3.
Cng B Liu XVI.36.
Cng Minh Gi XIV.13.
Cng thc Vn t XIV.13, 18 (khen).
Cng Sn Pht Nhiu (coi Pht Nhiu).
Cng tn Triu (V) XIX.22.
C t XVIII.1.
C (cng t) XIV.16, 17.

222
Ebook ngun khng in ng, ti tm sa li. (Goldfish).

Trang 180/195
PH LC TN NGI TN T TN TRIU I
C B Ngc XIV.25.
Cc T Thnh XII.8.
C Ph XIII.17.
CH.
Ch (nhc s) VIII.15, XVIII.9.
Chu cng VII.5 (mng), VIII.11, XI.16, XVIII.10.
Chu Nhm (s thn) XVI.1.
Chu Trng XVIII.8
Chc VI.14, XIV.19.
Chuyn Du XVI.1.
* Chu II.23, III.14, 21, VIII.20, XV.10.
D.
Di Dt XVIII.8.
Dip cng XIII.16, 18.
Dng Ho XVII.1.
Di, ch III.5, IX.13.
.
am i Dit Minh VI.12.
nh cng (L) III.19, XIII.15.
ng XIV.11.
* ng VIII.20.
G.
Gin cng (T) XIV.21.
H.
Hon cng (T) XIV.15223, 16, 17.
Hon Khi VII.22.
Hoa H III.5.
H (lng) VII.28.
H IX.8.

223
S 15 ny do ti ghi thm. (Goldfish).

Trang 181/195
PH LC TN NGI TN T TN TRIU I
* H (nh H) II.23, III.9, 21, XV.10.
K.
Kit Nch XVIII.6.
Khng Vn t V.14.
K III.9.
Khung IX.5 ngi Khung lm g c ta. XI.22.
Khuyt (lng) XIV.45.
L.
Lm Phng III.4, 6.
Liu H Hu XV.13, XVIII.2, 8.
Linh cng (V) XV.1.
L cng (con Chu cng) tc B Cm XVIII.10.
L V.2, VI.22, IX.14, XIII.7.
M.
Mnh Cng Xc XIV.11.
Mnh Chi Phn VI.13.
Mnh Knh t VIII.5
Mnh Trang t XIX.18.
Mnh V B II.6, V.7.
Mnh t II.5.
Min (nhc s) m XV.41.
N.
Nam t VI.26.
Ninh V t V.20.
NG.
Ngo XIV.5.
Ngh XIV.5.
Nghi Phong nhn III.24.
Nghiu VI.28, VIII.19, XX.1.
Ngu Trng XVIII.8.

Trang 182/195
PH LC TN NGI TN T TN TRIU I
Ngu XIV.11.
Nguyn Nhng XIV.44.
Nghi (p) III.24.
* Ngu XIII.20
PH.
Pht Nhiu XVII.5.
Q.
Qun Trng III.22, XIV.9, 16, 17.
Qu Khang t II.20, VI.6, XI.6, 16, XII.17, 18, 19 vn chnh, XIV.19.
Qu th (Qu Tn) III.1, 2, 6, VI.7, XVI.1, XVIII.3.
Qu t Nhin XI.23.
Qu Vn t V.19 tam t nhi hu hnh.
Qu Hon t XVIII.4.
S.
Son XIV.18.
S cung XVIII.5.
S Ng XV.6.
T.
Tam gia hay Tam Hon (ba h Mnh, Qu, Thc ca L) III.2, XVI.3.
T Khu Minh V.24.
Tang V Trng XIV.12, 14.
Tc XIV.5.
T Thm XIV.8.
T Can XVIII.1.
Tng Triu (cng t) VI.14.
T Phc Cnh B XIV.36, XIX.23.
T Sn V.15 hu, XIV.8, 9 ngoi giao, hu.
T Tang B t VI.1.
T Ty XIV.9.
T Vn V.18.

Trang 183/195
PH LC TN NGI TN T TN TRIU I
T V XIV.8.
T VI.22, VII.13, XVIII.3, 4.
Tit XIV.11.
Tng III.9.
TH.
Thang XII.22, XX.11.
Th, Thc XIV.8.
Thiu Lin XVIII.8.
Thiu Ht XIV.16.
Thi t V.18.
Thun VI.28, VIII.18, 19, 20, XII.22, XV.4, XX.1224.
Thc tn V Thc XIX.23, 24.
Thc T (coi B Di).
Thc Th III.2.
Thch mn XIV.39.
Thi Sn III.6.
TR.
Trang t ( p Bin) XIV.12.
Trn Thnh t (tn Hng) XIV.21.
Trn Vn t V,18.
Triu (h) XIV.11.
Trng Thc Ng XIV.19.
Trc Cung XIII.18.
Trng Th XVIII.6.
Trn V.21, XI.2, XV.1.
Tru (p) III.15.
Trnh XIV.8 ngoi giao.
Trung Mu XVII.7.

224
Ebook ngun chp l: XX.22, 23. (Goldfish).

Trang 184/195
PH LC NHNG CU THNG DN
V.
Vn cng (Tn) XIV.15.
Vn vng VIII.20, IX.15.
Vi Sinh Cao V.23.
Vi Sinh Mu XIV.32.
Vi t XVIII.1.
V vng (Chu) VIII.20, XX.1.
V (H) VIII.18, 21, XIV.5, XX.1.
Vng tn Gi III.13, XIV.19.
V VII.14, IX.14, XIII.3, 7, 9, XIV.19, 40, XV.1.
V Thnh VI.12.
V Vu XI.25, XII.21.
Y.
Y Don XII.22.
NHNG CU THNG DN
I.
1. Hu bng t vin phng lai
3. xo ngn lnh sc.
4. nht nht tam tnh ng thn.
14. thc v cu bo
16. bt hon nhn chi bt k tri.
II.
1. vi chnh d c, th nh Bc thn
2. t v t
4. thp ng ch hc
11. n c tri tn
12. qun t bt kh
15. hc nhi bt t tc vng
17. Tri chi vi tri chi
24. kin ngha bt vi, v dng d.

Trang 185/195
PH LC NHNG CU THNG DN
III.
1. th kh nhn, thc bt kh nhn (bt dt)
4. l d k xa ninh kim.
7. qun t v s tranh, tt d x h.
12. t nh ti.
13. hoch ti thin, v s cu o.
14. Ng tng Chu.
21. K vng bt cu.
IV.
8. triu vn o, tch t kh h.
14. bt hon mc tri k.
15. ng o nht d qun chi.
16. qun t d ngha.
19. ph mu ti, bt vin du.
25. c bt c, tt hu ln.
V.
9. h mc bt kh iu d.
14. bt s h vn.
19. tam t nhi hu hnh? Ti t kh h.
25. lo gi an chi.
VI.
19. trung nhn d h thng kh h ng thng.
20. knh nhi vin chi.
21. tr gi nho thu
23. c bt c
28. k dc lp nhi lp nhn nng cn th th.
VII.
1. thut nhi bt tc.
8. c nht ngung bt d tam ngung phn.
11. tng ng s hiu.

Trang 186/195
PH LC NHNG CU THNG DN
15. ph qu nh ph vn.
16. gia ng s nin
18. bt tri lo chi tng ch.
19. sinh nhi tri chi.
21. tam nhn hnh tt hu ng s.
34. Khu chi o d cu d h.
36. qun t thn ng ng.
VIII.
4. nhn chi tng t, k ngn d thin.
9. dn kh s do chi.
13. nguy bang bt nhp bang v o ph th qu yn s d.
14. bt ti k v bt mu k chnh.
IX.
4. T tuyt t: v , v tt, v c, v ng.
12. cu thin gi nhi c ch.
13. h lu chi hu.
16. th gi nh t ph.
17. v kin hiu c nh hiu sc.
22. hu sinh kh u.
25. tht phu bt kh ot ch.
27. tri tng bch chi hu iu.
XI.
11. v nng s nhn yn nng s qu.
14. thng ng, v nhp tht
15. qu do bt cp.
XII.
2. k s bt dc, vt thi nhn.
5. t sinh hu mnh t hi chi ni giai huynh .
7. dn v tn bt lp.
8. t bt cp thit (nh: nht ngn k xut t m nan truy).

Trang 187/195
PH LC NHNG CU THNG DN
9. bch tn bt tc, qun thc d tc?
13. tt d s v tng h.
24. d vn hu hi, d hu ph nhn.
XIII.
3. danh chnh ngn thun.
15. nht ngn kh d hng bang.
17. dc tc bt t, kin tiu li
23. ho nhi bt ng.
XIV.
33. k bt xng k lc, xng k c d.
39. tri k bt kh vi nhi vi chi.
XV.
1. qun t c cng.
2. v vi nhi tr.
7. tht nhn tht ngn.
8. st thn d thnh nhn.
11. v vin l tt hu cn u.
19. tt mt th nhi danh bt xng.
23. k s bt dc.
26. tiu bt nhn tt lon i mu.
28. nhn nng hong o
38. hu gio v loi.
39. o bt ng bt tng vi mu.
40. t t nhi d h.
XVI.
1. bt hon qu nhi hon bt qun dc chi nhi tt vi chi t.
7. lo gii chi ti c.
9. sinh nhi tri chi.
13. bt hc Thi v d ngn.

Trang 188/195
PH LC LUN NG
XVII.
1. nht nguyt th h, tu bt ng d.
2. tnh tng cn, tp tng vin.
3. thng tr, h ngu bt di.
4. ct k, yn dng ngu ao.
14. v s bt ch.
19. thin h ngn tai.
25. n t nan dng.
XVIII.
7. o chi bt hnh d tri chi h.
8. v kh v bt kh.
10. v cu b.
XIX.
20. qun t c h lu.
25. qun t nht ngn d vi tr.
XX.
1. don chp k trung; vn phng hu ti, ti ti trm cung.
2. hu nhi bt ph, lao nhi bt on. Bt gio nhi st, v chi ngc.
LUN NG
(Trch C Vn Trung Quc)
Vn hc Trung Hoa ti thi Xun Thu v Chin Quc pht trin
rc r, m v s lng v s phong ph th tn vn ln hn th.
Mi u tn vn chia lm hai phn: lun thuyt v s truyn. Phn
lun thuyt cng gi l phn tn vn ca ch t, gm ton nhng tc
phm trit hc, c gi tr rt ln v t tng, i khi c v ngh thut
na.
Tc phm u tin l b Lun ng, do mn ca Khng t ghi chp
nhng li dy bo ca thy m son thnh. N m ng cho th ng
lc i sau.
Chng ti khng chp li tiu s ca Khng t (551-479 trc TL) v
c gi u bit c ri, ch xin gii thiu t im c sc trong b Lun
ng.

Trang 189/195
PH LC LUN NG
C l mn ca Khng t mi ln nghe c mt li no ca thy,
thy quan trng th ghi li lin, ri khi ngi mt mi gom gp li ch
khng sp t theo mc, cho nn ta khng thy c mt th t no c
v h thng t tng; nhng s ghi chp rt ch xc, v cc c gi
i sau u cho rng ch c b l pht biu c ng hc thuyt ca
ngi. Tuy nhin hnh nh cng c vi ch do ngi i sau vit thm,
chng hn nh thin Hng ng.
Ni dung ca Lun ng rt l phong ph; bao qut c trit hc, chnh
tr, vn hc, gio dc, tuy l vn k s m c tnh cch ngh lun;
tng th n ho, thm thu m hm sc; ging th nghim trang m vn
thn mt, t nhin, ng l li tr chuyn gia thy tr.
Vn rt c: mt phn v thi phi khc vo th tre, rt bt tin, nn
li ghi chp cn tht gn, nhiu ch ta phi suy ngh mi tm thy mch
lc t tng. Chng hn on u sch:
Hc nhi thi tp chi, bt dic duyt h? Hu bng t vin phng
lai, bt dic lc h? Nhn bt tri nhi bt un, bt dic qun t h?
Mun cho r v ngha th chng ta phi dch ra nh vy:
Hc m mi bui mi tp, cng chng tho thch ? Khi hc tn
ti ri, c nhng bn cng ch hng vi mnh, xa nghe ting mnh m
tm li bn bc vi nhau v o l, khuyn khch ln nhau, sa i ln
nhau, chng cng vui v ? Nhng nu khng ai bit ti mnh, th mnh
cng khng hn gin, (v mnh hc cu o ch khng phi cu
danh), nh vy mi l qun t.
Ta thy ngha ca ba cu lin lc cht ch vi nhau v sp theo th
t t nhin, cu u vch bc u ca ngi hc o; cu th nh xt
v nhng ngi tin kha kh trn ng o; cu cui xt v nhng
ngi t mt trnh rt cao trong s tu dng.
i loi vn trong Lun ng thm trm nh vy, cng suy cng thy
hng th. Ngoi ra li c nhng on c ging phng thch nh on
Qu L hi v qu thn (chng Tin Tin); nhng cu nhiu th v nh:
Tu hn nhin hu tri tng bch chi hu iu d, nhng cu cm xc
trin min nh: Th gi nh t ph, bt x tr d!
Tm li, v hai phng din t tng v ngh thut, Lun ng c
mi thi cng nhn l mt tc phm bt h lm v vang cho dn tc
Trung Quc.

Trang 190/195
PH LC LUN NG
Di y chng ti s gii thiu hai on, mt on cc k hm sc;
mt on t tnh tnh, ch hng cc nhn vt mt cch rt linh ng, i
sau kh c ai vit hn c.

Nhim Hu vit: Phu t v V qun h? T cng vit: Nc, ng


tng vn chi. Nhp vit: B Di, Thc T, h nhn d. Vit: C chi
hin nhn d. Vit: On h? Vit: Cu nhn nhi c nhn, hu h
on? Xut vit: Phu t bt v d.
Khng t lc ng nc V m vua nc V bt hiu, cp
ngi ca cha trong khi cha t lon ra nc ngoi; ri khi cha v, em
qun ra c cha. Nhim Hu v T Cng, hai mn ca Khng t, nghi
thy c bnh vc vua V chng, cho nn Nhim Hu hi T Cng:
Thy c v vua V khng? v T Cng p: , chnh ti cng nh
hi thy v vic y.
Ri T Cng vo hi. Nhng khng hi thng v vic vua V, nh
vy Khng t s kh tr li; theo o l th khng th no bnh vc vua
V c, m theo php x th, ng lm khch V th khng th bi
xch vua V; cho nn T Cng em vic B Di, Thc T ra hi.
B Di, Thc T l hai anh em rut, con vua nc C Trc cui i
Thng, u i Chu. B Di l anh c, Thc T l em t. Vua C Trc
yu Thc T, lp di ngn cho Thc T ni ngi. Quc dn theo di mnh,
lp Thc T, Thc T khng chu, nhng li B Di cho phi l. B Di
cng khng chu, nhng li cho Thc T tun lnh cha. Khng ai
chu nhn ri trn c vo ni, quc dn phi lp ngi con gia.
Vy hai ngi ly ngha lm trng, tri hn vi vua V. Nu
Khng t khen B Di, Thc T, tc th l ch vua V ri. T Cng ngh
vy ri v hi:
- Tha thy, B Di, Thc T l ngi ra sao?
p:
- L ngi hin i xa.
T Cng cha hiu r, hi thm:
- Hai ng y sau khi nhng ngi, trn vo ni, c n hn g khng?
p:

Trang 191/195
PH LC LUN NG
- Hai ng y cu c vn ch nhn v qu nhin lm c iu nhn
th cn n hn g na?
Thy thy khen B Di, Thc T, bit rng tt ch vua V, T Cng tr
ra p Nhim Hu:
- Khng, thy chng v vua V u.
Qu nhin, sau thy tr Khng t b nc V m i.
Dch st ra th nh vy:
Nhim Hu hi: Thy chng ta c v vua V khng? T Cng p:
, ti cng c hi thy v vic . Ri v hi Khng t: Tha thy,
B Di, Thc T l ngi ra sao? p: L ngi hin i xa. Li
hi: Hai ng y c n hn g khng? p: Cu nhn m c nhn
th cn n hn g na? T Cng tr ra bo Nhim Hu: Thy khng v
vua V u.
Ph bnh on y, Phan Bi Chu vit:
Bi ny chng nhng o l hay m bt php nh chp sch li cc
k tinh diu. Cu ng u l: Phu t v V qun h?, cu di l:
Phu t bt v d m chnh khong gia khng mt ch no dy dng
g n V qun c. Mt bn hi, mt bn tr li, rt l t ngoi ting
ni.
(Khng hc ng Anh Minh xut bn)
*
on di y di hn m cng l on chng ti thch nht trong
Lun ng, v phng din vn hc.

T L, Tng Tch, Nhim Hu, Cng Ty Hoa th ta. T vit: D


ng nht nht trng h nh, v ng d d. C tc vit: Bt ng tri d.
Nh hoc tri nh, tc h d tai?

Trang 192/195
PH LC LUN NG
T L sut nh nhi i vit: Thin thng chi quc, nhip h i quc
chi gian, gia chi d s l, nhn chi d c cn, Do d vi chi, b cp tam
nin, kh s hu dng, th tri phng d.
Phu t sn chi. Cu, nh h nh?
i vit: Phng lc tht thp, nh ng lc thp, Cu d vi chi, b
cp tam nin, kh s tc dn. Nh k l nhc d s qun t.
- Xch, nh h nh?
i vit: Phi vit nng chi, nguyn hc yn. Tn miu chi s, nh
hi ng, oan, chng ph, nguyn vi tiu tng yn.
- im, nh h nh?
C st hy, khanh nh, x st nhi tc, i vit: D h tam t gi chi
son.
T vit: H thng h? Dic cc ngn k ch d.
Vit: M xun gi, xun phc k thnh, qun gi ng lc nhn, ng
t lc tht nhn, dc h Nghi, phong h V Vu, vnh nhi quy.
Phu t v nhin thn vit: Ng d im d.
DCH NGHA
T L, Tng Tch225, Nhim Hu v Cng Ty Hoa ngi hu ngi.
Ngi bo: Cc anh cho rng ta c ln hn cc anh mt ngy226 m ngi,
nhng ng ngi g c. nh, cc anh thng ni: Chng ai bit ta227.
Nu c ngi bit th cc anh em ti nng g ra dng?
T L vi vng p: V nh mt nc c mt ngn c xe228, b p
gia hai nc, li thm c nn chin tranh, nhn dn chng i kh;
Do ti m cm quyn chnh tr nc y th va y ba nm, c th khin
cho dn chng dng cm m li bit o l na.
Ngi mm ci. Ri hi: Cu229, cn anh th th no?

225
Tng Tch l cha ca Tng Sm (Tng t), c hai u l ngi hin, ni ting
nht l Tng Sm.
226
Li ni nhn. Trong s mn , Tng Tch chc khng nh tui hn Khng
t bao nhiu.
227
ni: c ti m khng c dng.
228
Cc ch hu thi ch c php c ngn c chin xa; Thin T mi c c
vn c.
229
Tc Nhim Hu.

Trang 193/195
PH LC LUN NG
p: Nh c mt nc vung vc su, by chc dm hoc nm su
chc dm230, Cu ti cm quyn chnh tr nc y th va y ba nm c
th khin cho dn chng c no . Cn v l nhc th xin i bc
qun t231.
- Xch232, cn anh th th no?
p: V l nhc, ti khng phi gii song xin c hc. Trong vic
t t tn miu, hay trong hi ngh ca cc ch hu, Xch ti mc o l
huyn oan, i m chng ph233 m xin lm mt tiu tng234.
- im235, cn anh th th no?
Lc Tng Tch gy n st va ngt, t n xung, nghe reng mt
ting, m ng dy, p: Ch ca ti khc hn vi ba anh .
Ngi bo: Hi g? Cng l ai ny t ch ca mnh ra m thi.
Tha rng: Nh by gi l thng cui xun, y phc ma xun may
xong, nm su ngi va tui i mi236, vi su by ng t237 dt
nhau i tm sng Nghi ri ln hng mt nn V Vu238, va i va
ht, ko nhau v nh.
Khng t ngm mt cht ri than: Ta cng mun nh im vy.
- Ch c mt trang giy m t r tnh tnh, ch hng cng s tu dng
ca nm nhn vt, li vn cho thy mt cnh tri xun, c sui trong gi
mt, ting n ting ht.
Tnh tnh Khng t ho nh m thn mt: ch mm ci ch khng
trch T L. c b Lun ng ta c cm tng nh lc no ngi cng
au u lo vic nhn qun, ti on ny ta mi thy ngi cng c lc a
cnh thanh nhn, v nh vy ta cng mn ngi; ngi rt gn chng ta,

230
Tc l mt nc rt nh.
231
Ngha l bc ti gii hn mnh.
232
Tc Cng Ty Hoa.
233
o Huyn oan l l phc rng, di, mu huyn; chng ph l m l ca s v
i phu. (Phan Bi Chu cho oan l m min ca vua ch hu v dch l: c
ngi i m min, i m chng ph th Xch ti xin lm mt tiu tng).
234
Tng l chc quan nh coi vic l. Tiu tng l mt v tng nh.
235
Tc Tng Tch.
236
Nguyn vn: qun gi, ngha l ngi ti tui lm l i m (l gia quan): thanh
nin ti 20 tui th lm l .
237
ng t l a tr con.
238
Nghi l tn mt con sng L V Vu l mt ci n t, ni cao, trng
nn mt m.

Trang 194/195
PH LC LUN NG
khng cc oan nh Mc T hay Trang T, t ti ci mc qun bnh
trong tm hn, t c ci o trung dung trong php x th.
T L c ch lm mt v tng, tnh tnh nng ny l phi (hai ch
sut nh rt c ngha), li l t ph, nn Khng t nghe xong mm
ci.
Nhim Cu mun lm mt nh kinh t, cn Cng Ty Hoa mun lm
mt nh l nhc, u nhn hn T L.
Tc gi ch trng nht vo on t Tng Tch: ung dung m l . T
u cu chuyn, Tng Tch vn khoan thai bm nh cy n, nghe thy
hi mi t cy n xung, (hai ch khanh nh tht linh ng), ri
ng dy p, nhng khng p ngay cu hi, cn ro n trc :
Ch ca con khc ba anh . Li l ca Tng li vn hoa: cnh dt
nhau i tm v hng mt, nh mt bc ho vui ti m sng sa. Ci vui
, duy bc t quan mi bit hng, nn chnh Khng t cng biu
ng tnh, ri lin tng n i bn ba ca mnh m hi bun.
Phan Bi Chu, trong Khng hc ng, phn tch ngha trit hc
ca on ; chng ti khng ng hn vi C, nhng cng xin chp
li di y v li ging ca c c ch mi m. C vit:
Hc gi c chng () ny, ngm ngh cho su, thit c th v.
Ch thy T L lm mt nh tri binh; ch thy Nhim Cu lm mt
nh l ti; ch thy Cng Ty Hoa lm mt nh l nhc, thy l
chm v ng thc dng, c Khng t h khng phi ly lm hay
u! Nhng v sao ngi biu ng tnh vi thy Tng Tch? M ch
thy Tng im c g l u! V sao c Thnh li ni rng: Ng
d im d?
Ct ngha bi ny in nh bi hc trit l. Ni rng mt xun gi
l theo v l t nhin ca tri; Qun gi ng lc nhn, ng t lc
tht nhn l theo v li t nhin ca ngi; dc h Nghi, phong
h V Vu l theo li t nhin ca t. Dc ri phong, phong ri
vnh, vnh ri quy, ch l thun theo ci l t nhin m pht trin
tinh thn khoi lc ca mnh. Ch nghe trn li ni, tht l bnh
thng, m d tm cho n t tinh thn, thi bo rng tm l in
nh tri t, cng khng phi qu ng, nn c Khng t ch biu
ng tnh vi thy Tng im.
C Phan sut i hy sinh chin u cho t do v bnh ng trong i
cch mng cng nh trong vic tr tc, tht ng cho ta khm phc.

Trang 195/195

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