Biology 10

Osmosis Lab Report

Amnuay-ngerntra Natthida, Mint
Ananyapa Attawut, Jump
Sansuktaweesub Nakamol, Gain
Tayawitit Poondarik, Pangrum
1004
Friday 10th, March 2017
Purpose:

The purpose is to observe the direction of the water movement in and out when both
jellies and potatoes are hypertonic or hypotonic due to the more or less concentration of solute
in the solution comparing to the surrounding solutions which are distilled water and
concentrated salt water.

Hypotheses:

1. If the jelly is soaked in distilled water, then the size of the candy will increase.
2. If the jelly is soaked in concentrated salt water, then the size of the candy will decrease.
3. If the potato is soaked in distilled water, then the size of the potato will increase.
4. If the potato is soaked in concentrated salt water, then the size of the potato will decrease.

Materials:

- 6 beakers (3 for jelly, 3 for potato)

- Electronic Balance
- Distilled water
- Concentrated salt water
- 3 jellies
- 3 potato pieces
- Calculator -> groups bring their own calculator
- Knife
- Weighing paper
- Markers
- Gloves
- Lab Coat
- Goggles
- Graduated cylinder
Methods:

1. Collect all materials needed

2. Use the knife to cut the potato into 3 equal pieces
3. Use the electronic balance to find the mass of your jelly. Remember to lay down a piece
of weighing paper and set to zero.
4. Record your data
5. Record descriptive observations about the jelly prior to the experiment.
6. Measure the initial volume of the jelly and the potato and record the data.
7. Fill the 1st beaker halfway with distilled water. Put one of the jelly into the beaker. Set the
beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker using marker.
8. Fill the 2st beaker with concentrated salt solution halfway. Put your 2nd jelly into that
beaker. Set beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker using marker.
9. Put the 3rd jelly into an empty beaker without putting anything in it. That should be the
control.
10. Put the 4th beaker halfway with distilled water. Put one of the potato pieces into the
beaker. Set the beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker.
11. Put the 5th beaker halfway with concentrated salt solution. Put the second potato pieces
into that beaker and set it aside for an hour. Label the beaker.
12. Place the last piece of potato pieces into the last beaker, empty. That is the control for the
potato. Label the beaker.
13. Make sure to label all the beakers distilled water or concentrated salt solution with
some markers.
14. After one hour, look at each of the beakers and record the data volume and mass of both
the jellies in three beaker and both the potato in three other beakers.
15. Record the descriptive data for what the jelly and the potato look like now after being
soaker for an hour.
16. Calculate the percent change in the size of each jelly and potato
a. Percent change in volume
b. Percent change in mass
Data Tables:

Data Table A: The volume and mass of 2 jellies before and after being soaked in distilled
water and salt water.

Jelly 1 (Distilled water) Jelly 2 (Salt water)

Dimensions Before Soaking After Soaking Before Soaking After Soaking

Volume 1.5 mL 4 mL 1.5 mL 1.2 mL

Mass 2.6 grams 4.09 grams 2.62 grams 1.83 grams

Data Table B: The volume and mass of 2 pieces of potato before and after being soaked in
distilled water and salt water.

Potato 1 (Distilled water) Potato 2 (Salt water)

Dimensions Before Soaking After Soaking Before Soaking After Soaking

Volume 7 mL 8.5 mL 7 mL 5.5 mL

Mass 7.17 grams 8.36 grams 7.13 grams 5.87 grams

Data Table C: Descriptive Observations of 2 jellies before and after being soaked in
distilled water and salt water.

Jelly 1 (Distilled water) Jelly 2 (Salt water)

Before soaking Before soaking

- The jelly is soft.
- The jelly is sticky.
- The jelly is flexible.
- Its color is dark pink
- The jelly smells like a grape.
- The jelly is soft.
- The jelly is sticky.
- The jelly is flexible.
- Its color is dark pink
- The jelly smells like a grape.
 After Soaking After Soaking
- The jelly swell and become bigger. - The jelly shrink just a little bit.
- The jelly seems more transparent. - The jelly seems more transparent.
- The jelly is still soft and flexible. - The jelly is still soft and flexible.

Data Table D: Descriptive Observations of 2 pieces of potato before and after being soaked
in distilled water and salt water.

Potato 1 (Distilled water) Potato 2 (Salt water)

Before soaking Before soaking

- The potato is moist.
- The potato has a hard skin.
- The potato has no smell.
- The potato is slippery.
- Its color is light yellow.
- The potato texture feels smooth.
- The potato is moist.
- The potato has a hard skin.
- The potato has no smell.
- The potato is slippery.
- Its color is light yellow.
- The potato texture feels smooth.

After Soaking After Soaking

- The potato swell and look a bit bigger.
- The potato is even moister.
- The potato still has a hard skin.
- The potato still has no smell.
- The potato is still slippery.
- Its color is still light yellow.
- The potato texture still feels smooth.
- The potato shrink and look a bit
smaller.
- The potato is even moister.
- The potato still has a hard skin.
- The potato still has no smell.
- The potato is still slippery.
- Its color is still light yellow.
- The potato texture still feels smooth.

Data Table E: The Percent Change in volume and mass of 2 jellies after being soaked in
distilled water and salt water.

Jelly 1 (Distilled Water) Jelly 2 (Salt Water)

Percent Change in Volume 166.67% -20.00%

Percent Change in Mass 57.1% -30.15%

Data Table F: The Percent Change in volume and mass of 2 pieces of potato after being
soaked in distilled water and salt water.

Potato 1 (Distilled Water) Potato 2 (Salt Water)

Percent Change in Volume 21.43% -21.43%

Percent Change in Mass 16.60% -17.67%

Bar Graph: The Percent Change in volume and mass of 2 pieces of potato and 2 jellies after
being soaked in distilled water and salt water.

Analysing Result:
1. What happened to the jellies after being soaked in distilled water and salt water for an
hour? Why? Be descriptive and detailed in your answer. Use your knowledge of
membrane transport.
According to the experiment, the jelly after being soaked in distilled water swelled
up and got bigger with more transparent color. The volume of the jelly in distilled water
had increased 166.67% and the percentage of increased mass was 57.1 which was
obvious that the cell had gotten bigger in size. This happened due to the higher
concentration of solutes in the jelly, which was considered hypertonic, comparing to the
distilled water which was considered hypotonic by letting the water from distilled water
to transport into the jelly. The osmosis has occurred in this experiment. The more
 transparent of the water might indicate that there has been more water moving inside the
jelly which dissolved with the internal solute becoming less solute-concentrated.
According to the experiment, the jelly after being soaked in concentrated salt
water seemed to shrink. The volume of the cell had gotten 20.00% lower and also the
mass which went 30.15% down. As we can see that the cell had gotten smaller, this
happened due to the lower concentration of water of the concentrated salt water
surrounding the jelly comparing to the jellys. That forced the water to move out of the
jelly which in this case, jelly was hypotonic, and concentrated salt water was hypertonic
instead.

2. What happened to the potato after being soaked in distilled water and salt water for an
hour? Be descriptive and detailed in your answer. Use your knowledge of membrane
transport.
According to the experiment, the potato which had been floating in the distilled
water for an hour, seemed to swell a little and gotten bigger, the volume of the potato
increased 21.43%, and the mass of the potato increased 16.60%. Besides that, nothing
seemed to change much due to the amount of time taken. This happened due to the lower
concentration of solute outside of the potato which in this case, refers to the distilled
water, comparing to the potato which had more concentration of solute. The water
transported from the outside into the potato because it is hypertonic, and the distilled
water was hypotonic according to the osmosis that water runs from high to lower
concentration of water.
According to the experiment, the potato that was soaked in the concentrated salt
water seemed to shrink a bit and had gotten smaller. The volume of the potato had
decreased 21.43% of the initial volume measured, and the mass after soaking had also
decreased 17.67%. Due to the lower concentration of water outside the potato which in
this case, refers to the concentrated salt water, the potato had definitely gotten more
water inside. The osmosis then occurred due to the difference of the water concentration
which let the water run from high concentration of water to the lower concentration. The
potato was hypotonic, and the concentrated salt water was hypertonic.

Conclusion:
According to osmosis, when a hypertonic substance stays in a hypotonic solution,
the substance will swell due to the substances water gaining. When a hypotonic substance stays
in a hypertonic solution, the substance will shrink due to water loss of the substance.
Worklog:

NAME JOB/ROLE DATE HOMEWORK ASSIGNED;

COMPLETE OR NOT

Jump Do the osmosis lab: observe and 6.03.2017 Completed

measure the mass and volume of the
jelly and potatoes

Mint Do the osmosis lab: observe and 6.03.2017 Completed

measure the mass and volume of the
jelly and potatoes. Fill in the data
tables

Pangrum Do the osmosis lab: observe and 6.03.2017 Completed

measure the mass and volume of the
jelly and potatoes. Fill in the data
tables.

Gain Do the osmosis lab: observe and 6.03.2017 Completed

measure the mass and volume of the
jelly and potatoes

Mint Observe and measure the mass and 6.03.2017 Completed

volume of the potatoes and jelly after
being soaked

Pangrum Observe and measure the mass and 6.03.2017 Completed

volume of the potatoes and jelly after
being soaked

Jump Start doing lab report (hypothesis) 7.03.2017 Completed

Gain Start doing lab report (purpose) 7.03.2017 Completed

Mint Start doing lab report (materials) 7.03.2017 Completed

Pangrum Start doing lab report (methods and 7.03.2017 Completed

worklog)

Jump Continue doing lab report, focusing 9.03.2017 Completed

on data tables, and check an overall
lab report.

Gain continue doing lab report and finish 9.03.2017 Completed

analyzing result and the conclusion
part, check an overall lap report.
References:

Passive transport and active transport across a cell membrane article. (n.d.). Retrieved
from
https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/cells/transport-across-a-cell-membrane/a/p
assive-transport-and-active-transport-across-a-cell-membrane-article
Osmosis and tonicity. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/membranes-and-transport/diffusion-and-o
smosis/a/osmosis
Khan Academy, (2017). Diffusion and passive transport. Retrieved from
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/membranes-and-transport/passive-transpo
rt/a/diffusion-and-passive-transport