1.

If the kinetic energy of an object is 16 joules when its speed Base your answers to questions 9 and 10 on the diagram below
is 4.0 meters per second, then the mass of the objects is which shows a 20-newton force pulling an object up a hill at a
(1) 0.5 kg (3) 8.0 kg constant rate of 2 meters per second.
(2) 2.0 kg (4) 19.6 kg

2. If the kinetic energy of a 10-kilogram object is 2,000 joules,

its velocity is
(1) 10 meters/sec. (3) 100 meters/sec.
(2) 20 meters/sec. (4) 400 meters/sec.

Base your answers to questions 3 through 5 on the diagram below

which represents a 3.0-kilogram mass being moved at a constant
speed by a force of 6.0 Newtons.
9. The kinetic energy of the moving object is
(1) 5 J (3) 15 J
(2) 10 J (4) 50 J

10. The work done against gravity in moving the object from
point A to point B is approximately
(1) 100 J (3) 500 J
3. What is the change in the kinetic energy of the mass as it (2) 200 J (4) 600 J
moves from point M to point N?
(1) 24 J (3) 6 J 11. Which cart shown below has the greatest kinetic energy?
(2) 18 J (4) 0 J

4. If the 3.0-kilogram mass were raised 4 meters from the

surface, its gravitational potential energy would increase by
approximately
(1) 120 J (3) 30 J
(2) 40 J (4) 12 J (1) (3)

5. If energy is supplied at the rate of 10 watts, how much work

is done during 2 seconds?
(1) 20 J (3) 10 J
(2) 15 J (4) 5 J

6. If the velocity of a moving object is doubled, the object's (2) (4)

kinetic energy is
(1) unchanged (3) doubled
12. A 1.0-kilogram rubber ball traveling east at 4.0 meters per
(2) halved (4) quadrupled second hits a wall and bounces back toward the west at 2.0
meters per second. Compared to the kinetic energy of the
7. When the speed of an object is halved, its kinetic energy is ball before it hits the wall, the kinetic energy of the ball
(1) quartered (3) the same after it bounces off the wall is
(2) halved (4) doubled (1) one-fourth as great (3) the same
(2) one-half as great (4) four times as great
8. The kinetic energy of a 980-kilogram race car traveling at
90. meters per second is approximately 13. As a bullet shot vertically upward rises, the kinetic energy
(1) 4.4 104 J of the bullet
(2) 8.8 104 J (1) decreases (3) remains the same
(3) 4.0 106 J (2) increases
(4) 7.9 106 J
14. As a ball falls freely toward the earth, its kinetic energy
(1) decreases (3) remains the same
(2) increases
 15. Which graph best represents the relationship between the
kinetic energy, KE, and the velocity of an object
accelerating in a straight line?
20. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram
below which represents a flat racetrack as viewed from
above, with the radii of its two curves indicated. A car with
a mass of 1,000 kilograms moves counterclockwise around
the track at a constant speed of 20 meters per second.

(1) (3)

Compared to the kinetic energy of the car while moving

from A to D, the kinetic energy of the car while moving
from D to C is
(1) less (3) the same
(2) greater
(2) (4)
21. The diagram below shows block A, having mass 2m and
speed v, and block B having mass m and speed 2v.
Base your answers to questions 16 and 17 on the diagram below
that shows an object at A that moves over a frictionless surface
from A to E. The object has a mass of M.

Compared to the kinetic energy of block A, the kinetic

energy of block B is
(1) the same (3) one-half as great
(2) twice as great (4) four times as great
16. The object's kinetic energy at point C is less than its kinetic
energy at point 22. In the accompanying diagram, a 1.0-kilogram sphere at
(1) A (3) D point A has a potential energy of 5.0 joules.
(2) B (4) E

17. As the object moves from point A to point D, the sum of its
gravitational potential and kinetic energies
(1) decreases, only
(2) decreases and then increases
(3) increases and then decreases
(4) remains the same

What is the potential energy of the sphere at point B,

18. As an object moves upward at a constant speed, its kinetic halfway down the incline?
energy (1) 0.0 J (3) 3.0 J
(1) decreases (3) remains the same (2) 2.5 J (4) 5.0 J
(2) increases
23. A 20.-newton block falls freely from rest from a point 3.0
19. If the direction of a moving car changes and its speed meters above the surface of the Earth. With respect to the
remains constant, which quantity must remain the same? surface of the Earth, what is the gravitational potential
energy of the block-Earth system after the block has fallen
(1) velocity (3) displacement
1.5 meters?
(2) momentum (4) kinetic energy
(1) 20. J (3) 60. J
(2) 30. J (4) 120 J
Base your answers to questions 24 and 25 on the diagram below
which shows a cart held motionless by an external force F on a
frictionless incline.
Base your answers to questions 29 and 30 on the diagram below
which represents a simple pendulum with a 2.0-kilogram bob and
a length of 10. meters. The pendulum is released from rest at
position 1 and swings without friction through position 4. At
position 3, its lowest point, the speed of the bob is 6.0 meters per
second.

24. If the gravitational potential energy of the cart at point A is

zero, the gravitational potential energy of the cart at point C
is
(1) 4.9 J (3) 49 J
(2) 10 J (4) 98 J
29. What is the potential energy of the bob at position 1 in
25. If the cart were allowed to move from point C to point A, relation to position 3?
the gravitational potential energy of the cart would (1) 18 J (3) 72 J
(1) decrease (3) remain the same (2) 36 J (4) 180 J
(2) increase
30. At which position does the bob have its maximum kinetic
energy?
26. Which mass has the greatest potential energy with respect (1) 1 (3) 3
to the floor? (2) 2 (4) 4
(1) 50-kg mass resting on the floor
(2) 2-kg mass 10 meters above the floor
(3) 10-kg mass 2 meters above the floor 31. The diagram below represents a cart traveling from left to
(4) 6-kg mass 5 meters above the floor right along a frictionless surface with an initial speed of v.
At which point is the gravitational potential energy of the
27. Which graph best represents the relationship between cart least?
potential energy (PE) and height above ground (h) for a
freely falling object released from rest?

(1) (3)

(1) A (3) C
(2) B (4) D

(2) (4) 32. A cart weighing 10 Newtons is pushed 10 meters on a level

surface by a force of 5 Newtons. What is the increase in its
potential energy?
28. The work done in raising an object must result in an (1) 1 joule (3) 100 joules
increase in the object's (2) 50 joules (4) 0 joules
(1) internal energy
(2) kinetic energy 33. As a spring is stretched, its elastic potential energy
(3) gravitational potential energy (1) decreases (3) remains the same
(4) heat energy (2) increases
34. As the pendulum swings freely 38. A girl rides an escalator that moves her upward at constant
from A to B as shown in the speed. As the girl rises, how do her gravitational potential
diagram to the right, the energy and kinetic energy change?
gravitational potential energy of (1) Gravitational potential energy decreases and kinetic
the ball energy decreases.
(2) Gravitational potential energy decreases and kinetic
energy remains the same.
(3) Gravitational potential energy increases and kinetic
(1) decreases (3) remains the same energy decreases.
(2) increases (4) Gravitational potential energy increases and kinetic
energy remains the same.
35. Three people of equal mass climb a mountain using paths A
, B, and C shown in the diagram below. 39. A 1.0-kilogram book resting on the ground is moved 1.0
meter at various angles relative to the horizontal. In which
direction does the 1.0-meter displacement produce the
greatest increase in the books gravitational potential
energy?
(1)

(2)

Along which path(s) does a person gain the greatest amount (3)
of gravitational potential energy from start to finish?
(1) A, only
(2) B , only
(3) C, only
(4) The gain is the same along all paths.
(4)
36. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram
below which shows a 1-kilogram mass and a 2-kilogram
mass being dropped from a building 100 meters high.

40. Two students of equal weight go from the first floor to the
second floor. The first student uses an elevator and the
second student walks up a flight of stairs. Compared to the
gravitational potential energy gained by the first student,
the gravitational potential energy gained by the second
student is
(1) less (3) the same
(2) greater
The potential energy at the top of the building is
(1) greater for the 1-kilogram mass 41. A force of 0.2 Newton is needed to compress a spring a
(2) greater for the 2-kilogram mass distance of 0.02 meter. The potential energy stored in this
(3) the same for both masses compressed spring is
(1) 8 105 J
37. What is the spring constant of a spring of negligible mass (2) 2 103 J
which gained 8 joules of potential energy as a result of (3) 2 105 J
being compressed 0.4 meter? (4) 4 105 J
(1) 100 N/m (3) 0.3 N/m
(2) 50 N/m (4) 40 N/m
42. A pendulum is pulled to the side and released from rest. 46. Below is a graph representing the elongation of a spring as
Which graph best represents the relationship between the different forces are added to it.
gravitational potential energy of the pendulum and its
displacement from its point of release?

(1) (3)
What is the value of the spring constant?
(1) 0.1 m/N (3) 10 m/N
(2) 0.1 N/m (4) 10 N/m

47. Which graph best represents the relationship between the

elongation of a spring whose elastic limit has not been
reached and the force applied to it?

(2) (4)

43. The graph below represents the relationship between the (1) (3)
force applied to a spring and the elongation of the spring.

(2) (4)

48. Graphs A and B below represent the results of applying an

increasing force to stretch a spring which did not exceed its
elastic limit.

What is the spring constant?

(1) 20 N/m (3) 0.80 N-m
(2) 9.8 N/kg (4) 0.050 m/N

44. Spring A has a spring constant of 140 Newtons per meter,

and spring B has a spring constant of 280 Newtons per
meter. Both springs are stretched the same distance.
Compared to the potential energy stored in spring A, the
potential energy stored in spring B is
(1) the same (3) half as great The spring constant can be represented by the
(2) twice as great (4) four times as great (1) slope of graph A
(2) slope of graph B
45. A 5-newton force causes a spring to stretch 0.2 meter. What (3) reciprocal of the slope of graph A
is the potential energy stored in the stretched spring? (4) reciprocal of the slope of graph B
(1) 1 J (3) 0.2 J
49. How much work is needed to lift a 15-newton block 3.0
(2) 0.5 J (4) 0.1 J
meters vertically?
(1) 5.0 J (3) 45 J
(2) 12 J (4) 150 J
50. A 20.-newton weight is attached to a spring, causing it to 54. The graph below represents the relationship between the
stretch, as shown in the diagram below. force applied to a spring and the compression
(displacement) of the spring.

What is the spring constant of this spring?

(1) 0.050 N/m (3) 20. N/m
(2) 0.25 N/m (4) 40. N/m

51. The unstretched spring in the diagram below has a length of

0.40 meter and spring constant k. A weight is hung from the
spring, causing it to stretch to a length of 0.60 meter.

What is the spring constant for this spring?

(1) 1.0 N/m (3) 0.20 N/m
(2) 2.5 N/m (4) 0.40 N/m

55. In the diagram below, a student compresses the spring in a

pop-up toy 0.020 meter.

How many joules of elastic potential energy are stored in

this stretched spring?
(1) 0.020 k (3) 0.18 k
(2) 0.080 k (4) 2.0 k

52. A spring has a spring constant of 25 Newtons per meter.

The minimum force required to stretch the spring 0.25
meter from its equilibrium position is approximately If the spring has a spring constant of 340 newtons per
(1) 1.0 10-4 N meter, how much energy is being stored in the spring?
(2) 0.78 N (1) 0.068 J (3) 3.4 J
(3) 6.3 N (2) 0.14 J (4) 6.8 J
(4) 1.0 102 N
56. The work done on a slingshot is 40.0 joules to pull back a
53. When a mass is placed on a spring with a spring constant of 0.10-kilogram stone. If the slingshot projects the stone
15 newtons per meter, the spring is compressed 0.25 meter. straight up in the air, what is the maximum height to which
How much elastic potential energy is stored in the spring? the stone will rise? [Neglect friction.]
(1) 0.47 J (3) 1.9 J (1) 0.41 m (3) 410 m
(2) 0.94 J (4) 3.8 J (2) 41 m (4) 4.1 m
57. The graph below represents the elongation of a spring as a 61. The graph below represents the relationship between the
function of the applied force. force applied to a spring and spring elongation for four
different springs.

Which spring has the greatest spring constant?

(1) A (3) C
How much work must be done to stretch the spring 0.40 (2) B (4) D
meter?
62. Work is being done when a force
(1) 4.8 J (3) 9.8 J
(1) acts vertically on a cart that can only move horizontally
(2) 6.0 J (4) 24 J
(2) is exerted by one team in a tug of war when there is no
movement
58. Base your answer to the following question on the
information and graph below. (3) is exerted while pulling a wagon up a hill
(4) of gravitational attraction acts on a person standing on
The graph represents the relationship between the surface of the Earth
the force applied to each of two springs, A and B,
and their elongations. 63. The graph below shows the force exerted on a block as a
function of the block's displacement in the direction of the
force.

What physical quantity is represented by the slope of each

line?
How much work did the force do in displacing the block
59. As the time required to lift a 60-kg. object 6 meters
5.0 meters?
increases, the work required to lift the body
(1) 0 J (3) 0.80 J
(1) decreases (3) remains the same
(2) 20. J (4) 4.0 J
(2) increases
64. A constant force of 2.0 Newtons is used to push a 3.0-
60. How much work is done by a force of 8 Newtons acting kilogram mass 4.0 meters across the floor. How much
through a distance or 6 meters? work is done on the mass?
(1) 0 J (3) 48 J (1) 6.0 J (3) 12 J
(2) 12 J (4) 192 J (2) 8.0 J (4) 24 J
65. Which graph best represents the elastic potential energy stored in a spring (PEs) as a function of its elongation, x?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

66. The graph below shows elongation as a function of the applied force for two springs, A and B.

Compared to the spring constant for spring A, the spring constant for spring B is
(1) smaller (2) larger (3) the same

67. Which action would require no work to be done on an 70. The amount of work done against friction to slide a box in a
object? straight line across a uniform, horizontal floor depends
(1) lifting the object from the floor to the ceiling most on the
(2) pushing the object along a horizontal floor against a (1) time taken to move the box
frictional force (2) distance the box is moved
(3) decreasing the speed of the object until it comes to rest (3) speed of the box
(4) holding the object stationary above the ground (4) direction of the boxs motion

68. A force of 10. Newtons is used to pull a chest weighing 50. 71. A student does 60. joules of work pushing a 3.0-kilogram
Newtons at uniform speed a distance of 5.0 meters. The box up the full length of a ramp that is 5.0 meters long.
work done is What is the magnitude of the force applied to the box to do
(1) 10. joules (3) 250 joules this work?
(2) 50. joules (4) 2,500 joules (1) 20. N (3) 12 N
(2) 15 N (4) 4.0 N
69. Power can be measured in
(1) kilocalories (3) joules 72. The rate at which work is done is measured in
(2) watts (4) Newton-meters (1) Newtons (3) calories
(2) joules (4) watts
73. As shown in the diagram below, a 0.50-meter-long spring is stretched from its equilibrium position to a length of 1.00 meter by a weight.

If 15 joules of energy are stored in the stretched spring, what is the value of the spring constant?
(1) 30. N/m (2) 60. N/m (3) 120 N/m (4) 240 N/m

74. Two weightlifters, one 1.5 meters tall and one 2.0 meters 77. A student applies a 20.-newton force to move a crate at a
tall, raise identical 50.-kilogram masses above their heads. constant speed of 4.0 meters per second across a rough
Compared to the work done by the weightlifter who is 1.5 floor. How much work is done by the student on the crate in
meters tall, the work done by the weightlifter who is 2.0 6.0 seconds?
meters tall is (1) 80. J (3) 240 J
(1) less (3) the same (2) 120 J (4) 480 J
(2) greater
78. A box is dragged up an incline a distance of 8 meters with a
75. Through what vertical distance is a 50.-newton object force of 50 Newtons. If the increase in potential energy of
moved if 250 joules of work is done against the the box is 300 joules, the work done against friction is
gravitational field of Earth? (1) 100 J (3) 300 J
(1) 2.5 m (3) 9.8 m (2) 200 J (4) 400 J
(2) 5.0 m (4) 25 m
79. A student pulls a block 3.0 meters along a horizontal
76. As shown in the diagram below, a child applies a constant surface at constant velocity. The diagram below shows the
20.-newton force along the handle of a wagon which makes components of the force exerted on the block by the student.
a 25 angle with the horizontal.

How much work is done against friction?

How much work does the child do in moving the wagon a (1) 18 J (3) 30. J
horizontal distance of 4.0 meters?
(2) 24 J (4) 42 J
(1) 5.0 J (3) 73 J
(2) 34 J (4) 80. J
80. Work energy is completely converted to heat energy when 87. One elevator lifts a mass a given height in 10 seconds and a
all of the work done on an object is used to overcome second elevator does the same work in 5 seconds.
(1) momentum (3) inertia Compared to the power developed by the first elevator, the
power developed by the second elevator is
(2) gravity (4) friction
(1) one-half as great (3) the same
81. The diagram below shows a 5.0-kilogram mass sliding 9.0 (2) twice as great (4) four times as great
meters down an incline from a height of 2.0 meters in 3.0
seconds. The object gains 90. joules of kinetic energy while 88. A motor has an output of 1,000 watts. When the motor is
sliding. working at full capacity, how much time will it require to
lift a 50-newton weight 100 meters?
(1) 5 s (3) 50 s
(2) 10 s (4) 100 s

89. If 20. joules of work is done in 4.0 seconds, the power

developed is
(1) 0.20 watt (3) 16 watts
(2) 5.0 watts (4) 80. watts

How much work is done against friction as the mass slides 90. If the time required for a student to swim 500 meters is
the 9.0 meters? doubled, the power developed by the student will be
(1) 0 J (3) 45 J (1) halved (3) quartered
(2) 8 J (4) 90. J (2) doubled (4) quadrupled

82. A block weighing 15 Newtons is pulled to the top of an 91. The graph below represents the relationship between the
incline that is 0.20 meter above the ground, as shown below. work done by a student running up a flight of stairs and the
time of ascent.

If 4.0 joules of work are needed to pull the block the full
length of the incline, how much work is done against
friction?
(1) 1.0 J (3) 3.0 J
(2) 0.0 J (4) 7.0 J

83. Which is unit of power?

(1) kilogram-meter/second
(2) Newton-meter2/second
(3) joule/second
(4) joule

84. As the power of a machine is increased, the time required to

move an object a fixed distance What does the slope of this graph represent?
(1) decreases (3) remains the same (1) impulse (3) speed
(2) increases (2) momentum (4) power

85. As the time required to do a given quantity of work 92. Student A lifts a 50.-newton box from the floor to a height
decreases, the power developed of 0.40 meter in 2.0 seconds. Student B lifts a 40.-newton
(1) decreases (3) remains the same box from the floor to a height of 0.50 meter in 1.0 second.
(2) increases Compared to student A, student B does
(1) the same work but develops more power
86. As an object falls freely, the kinetic energy of the object (2) the same work but develops less power
(1) decreases (3) remains the same (3) more work but develops less power
(2) increases (4) less work but develops more power
 93. A force of 10 Newtons is required to move an object at a 102. A 10.-newton force is required to move a 3.0- kilogram box
constant speed of 5 meters per second. The power used is at constant speed. How much power is required to move the
(1) 0.5 W (3) 5 W box 8.0 meters in 2.0 seconds?
(2) 2 W (4) 50 W (1) 40. W (3) 15 W
(2) 20. W (4) 12 W
94. A force of 70 Newtons must be exerted to keep a car
moving with a constant speed of 10 meters per second. 103. A motor used 120. watts of power to raise a 15-newton
What is the rate at which energy must be supplied? object in 5.0 seconds. Through what vertical distance was
(1) 1/7 W (3) 700 W the object raised?
(2) 7.0 W (4) 7,000 W (1) 1.6 m (3) 40. m
(2) 8.0 m (4) 360 m
95. Car A and car B of equal mass travel up a hill. Car A moves
up the hill at a constant speed that is twice the constant 104. A 110-kilogram bodybuilder and his 55-kilogram friend run
speed of car B. Compared to the power developed by car B, up identical flights of stairs. The bodybuilder reaches the
the power developed by car A is top in 4.0 seconds while his friend takes 2.0 seconds.
(1) the same (3) half as much Compared to the power developed by the bodybuilder while
running up the stairs, the power developed by his friend is
(2) twice as much (4) four times as much
(1) the same (3) half as much
96. A motor having a maximum power rating of 8.1 104 watts (2) twice as much (4) four times as much
is used to operate an elevator with a weight of
1.8 104 Newtons. What is the maximum weight this 105. An object is lifted at constant speed a distance h above the
motor can lift at an average speed of 3.0 meters per second? surface of the Earth in a time t. The total potential energy
(1) 6.0 103 N gained by the object is equal to the
(2) 1.8 104 N (1) average force applied to the object
(3) 2.4 104 N (2) total weight of the object
(4) 2.7 104 N (3) total work done on the object
(4) total momentum gained by the object
97. A machine does work at the rate of 600 watts. How much
weight will be lifted 10 meters in 10 seconds? 106. A person does 100 joules of work in pulling back the string
(1) 6 N (3) 600 N of a bow. What will be the initial speed of a 0.5-kilogram
(2) 60 N (4) 6,000 N arrow when it is fired from the bow?
(1) 20 m/s (3) 200 m/s
98. A crane raises a 200-newton weight to a height of 50 meters (2) 50 m/s (4) 400 m/s
in 5 seconds. The crane does work at the rate of
(1) 8 101 W 107. As shown in the diagram below, pulling a 9.8-newton cart a
(2) 2 101 W distance of 0.50 meter along a plane inclined at 15 requires
(3) 2 103 W 1.3 joules of work.
(4) 5 104 W

99. A 4.0 x 103-watt motor applies a force of 8.0 x 102 Newtons

to move a boat at constant speed. How far does the boat
move in 16 seconds?
(1) 3.2 m (3) 32 m
(2) 5.0 m (4) 80. m

100. A weightlifter lifts a 2,000-newton weight a vertical

distance of 0.5 meter in 0.1 second. What is the power
output?
(1) 1 104 W
(2) 4 104 W If the cart were raised 0.50 meter vertically instead of being
(3) 1 104 W pulled along the inclined plane, the amount of work done
(4) 4 104 W would be
(1) less (3) the same
101. A girl weighing 500. newtons takes 50. seconds to climb a (2) greater
flight of stairs 18 meters high. Her power output vertically is
(1) 9,000 W (3) 1,400 W
(2) 4,000 W (4) 180 W
108. A 3.0-kilogram block is initially at rest on a frictionless, horizontal surface. The block is moved 8.0 meters in 2.0 seconds by the
application of a 12-newton horizontal force, as shown in the diagram below.

What is the average power developed while moving the block?

(1) 24 W (2) 32 W (3) 48 W (4) 96 W

109. A force is applied to a block, causing it to accelerate along 114. The spring of a toy car is wound by pushing the car
a horizontal, frictionless surface. The energy gained by the backward with an average force of 15 Newtons through a
block is equal to the distance of 0.50 meter. How much elastic potential energy
(1) work done on the block is stored in the cars spring during this process?
(2) power applied to the block (1) 1.9 J (3) 30. J
(3) impulse applied to the block (2) 7.5 J (4) 56 J
(4) momentum given to the block
115. As a pendulum swings from position A to position B as
110. A 10.-kilogram mass falls freely a distance of 6.0 meters shown in the diagram, its total mechanical energy
near the Earth's surface. The total kinetic energy gained by (neglecting friction)
the mass as it falls is approximately
(1) 60. J (3) 720 J
(2) 590 J (4) 1,200 J

111. In the diagram below, an average force of 20. Newtons is

used to pull back the string of a bow 0.60 meter.

(1) decreases (3) remains the same

(2) increases

116. At what point in its fall does the kinetic energy of a freely
falling object equal its potential energy?
(1) at the start of the fall
(2) halfway between the start and the end
As the arrow, leaves the bow, its kinetic energy is (3) at the end of the fall
(1) 3.4 J (3) 12 J (4) at all points during the fall
(2) 6.0 J (4) 33 J
117. The diagram below shows a moving, 5.00-kilogram cart at
112. A 0.10-kilogram ball dropped vertically from a height of the foot of a hill 10.0 meters high. For the cart to reach the
l.00 meter above the floor bounces back to a height of 0.80 top of the hill, what is the minimum kinetic energy of the
meter. The mechanical energy lost by the ball as it bounces cart in the position shown? [Neglect energy loss due to
is friction.]
(1) 0.080 J (3) 0.30 J
(2) 0.20 J (4) 0.78 J

113. A 2.0-newton book falls from a table 1.0 meter high. After
falling 0.5 meter, the book's kinetic energy is
(1) 1.0 J (3) 10 J
(2) 2.0 J (4) 20 J (1) 4.91 J (3) 250. J
(2) 50.0 J (4) 491 J
Base your answers to questions 118 through 120 on the diagram 123. The diagram below shows a cart at four positions as it
below. Which represents a 2.0-kilogram mass placed on a moves along a frictionless track. At which positions is the
frictionless track at point A and released from rest. Assume the sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy of the cart
gravitational potential energy of the system to be zero at point E. the same?

(1) A and B , only

(2) B and C, only
118. As the mass travels along the track, the maximum height it
will reach above point E will be closest to (3) C and D, only
(4) all positions, A through D
(1) 10. m (3) 30. m
(2) 20. m (4) 40. m 124. The diagram below shows three positions, A, B, and C, in
the swing of a pendulum, released from rest at point A.
119. Compared to the kinetic energy of the mass at point B, the [Neglect friction.]
kinetic energy of the mass at point E is
(1) as great (3) the same
(2) twice as great (4) 4 times greater

120. If the mass were released from rest at point B, its speed at
point C would be
(1) 0. m/s (3) 10. m/s
(2) 0.50 m/s (4) 14 m/s

121. Which statement is true about this swinging pendulum?

(1) The potential energy at A equals the kinetic energy at
C.
(2) The speed of the pendulum at A equals the speed of the
pendulum at B.
(3) The potential energy at B equals the potential energy at
C.
(4) The potential energy at A equals the kinetic energy at B.
As the pendulum swings from position A to position B as
shown in the diagram above, what is the relationship of 125. An object 10 meters above the ground has Z joules of
kinetic energy to potential energy? [Neglect friction.] potential energy. If the object falls freely, how many joules
(1) The kinetic energy decrease is more than the potential of kinetic energy will it have gained when it is 5 meters
energy increase. above the ground?
(2) The kinetic energy increase is more than the potential (1) Z (3) Z/2
energy decrease. (2) 2Z (4) 0
(3) The kinetic energy decrease is equal to the potential
energy increase. 126. As an object falls freely near the Earth's surface, the loss in
(4) The kinetic energy increase is equal to the potential gravitational potential energy of the object is equal to its
energy decrease. (1) loss of height (3) gain in velocity
(2) loss of mass (4) gain in kinetic energy
122. A 2.0-kilogram mass falls freely for 10. meters near the
surface of the Earth. The total kinetic energy gained by the
127. A ball is thrown vertically upward. As the ball rises, its
object during its free fall is approximately
total energy (neglecting friction)
(1) 400 J (3) 100 J
(1) decreases (3) remains the same
(2) 200 J (4) 50 J
(2) increases
128. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram
below which represents an object M suspended by a string
from point P. When object M is swung to a height of h and
released, it passes through the rest position at a speed of 10
meters per second.
131. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram
below. The diagram represents a 1.00 kilogram object being
held at rest on a frictionless incline.

The object is released and slides the length of the incline.

The height h from which the object was released is When it reaches the bottom of the incline, the object's
approximately kinetic energy will be closest to
(1) 8 m (3) 5.0 m (1) 19.6 J (3) 9.81 J
(2) 7 m (4) 2.5 m (2) 2.00 J (4) 4.00 J

129. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram 132. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram
below which represents a block with initial velocity v1 below which shows a 1-kilogram stone being dropped from
sliding along a frictionless track from point A through point a bridge 100 meters above a gorge.
E.

The kinetic energy of the block will be greatest when it

reaches point
(1) A (3) C
(2) B (4) D
As the stone falls, the gravitational potential energy of the
130. The diagram below which represents a swinging pendulum. stone
(1) decreases (3) remains the same
(2) increases

133. The work done in accelerating an object along a frictionless

horizontal surface is equal to the object's change in
(1) momentum (3) potential energy
(2) velocity (4) kinetic energy

The potential energy that an ideal pendulum has at point x 134. Energy is measured in the same units as
equals the value of its kinetic energy at point (1) force (3) work
(1) A (3) C (2) momentum (4) power
(2) B (4) D
135. The wrecking crane shown below is moving toward a brick 136. As an object falls freely in a vacuum, its total energy
wall which is to be torn down. (1) decreases (3) remains the same
(2) increases

137. A block weighing 40. newtons is released from rest on an

incline 8.0 meters above the horizontal, as shown in the
diagram below.

At what point in the swing of the wrecking ball should the

ball make contact with the wall to make a collision with the
greatest kinetic energy? If 50. joules of heat is generated as the block slides down
(1) 1 (3) 3 the incline, the maximum kinetic energy of the block at the
(2) 2 (4) 4 bottom of the incline is
(1) 50. J (3) 320 J
(2) 270 J (4) 3100 J
 Answer Key
[New Exam]

1. 2 31. 2 61. 1 91. 4

2. 2 32. 4 62. 3 92. 1

3. 4 33. 2 63. 2 93. 4

4. 1 34. 2 64. 2 94. 3

5. 1 35. 4 65. 4 95. 2

6. 4 36. 2 66. 2 96. 4

7. 1 37. 1 67. 4 97. 3

8. 3 38. 4 68. 2 98. 3

9. 2 39. 4 69. 2 99. 4

10. 3 40. 3 70. 2 100. 3

11. 2 41. 2 71. 3 101. 4

12. 1 42. 4 72. 4 102. 1

13. 1 43. 1 73. 3 103. 3

14. 2 44. 2 74. 2 104. 1

15. 4 45. 2 75. 2 105. 3

16. 2 46. 4 76. 3 106. 1

17. 4 47. 4 77. 4 107. 2

18. 3 48. 1 78. 1 108. 3

19. 4 49. 3 79. 2 109. 1

20. 3 50. 4 80. 4 110. 2

21. 2 51. 1 81. 2 111. 3

22. 2 52. 3 82. 1 112. 2

23. 2 53. 1 83. 3 113. 1

24. 4 54. 2 84. 1 114. 2

25. 1 55. 1 85. 2 115. 3

26. 4 56. 2 86. 2 116. 2

27. 1 57. 1 87. 2 117. 4

28. 3 58. the slope of each line is the 88. 1 118. 4

spring constant.
29. 2 89. 2 119. 2
59. 3
30. 3 90. 1 120. 1
60. 3
 Answer Key
[New Exam]

121. 4

122. 2

123. 4

124. 4

125. 3

126. 4

127. 3

128. 3

129. 3

130. 2

131. 1

132. 1

133. 4

134. 3

135. 3

136. 3

137. 2