Admission Control

December, 2008
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R99 Admission Control

Admission control is used to improve the resource usage efficiency and RRC/RAB setup success
rate. The following 4 types of resources will be admitted:

Cell available code resource

Cell available power resource

NodeB resource state, that is, NodeB credits

Available Iub transport layer resource, that is, Iub transmission bandwidth
Only when all of these resources are available can a call be admitted and the admission
procedure applies to the uplink and downlink separately.

I. Code Resource
When a new service accesses the network, the code resource admission is successful if the code
resource can be allocated to the service.

II. Power Resource

The following three algorithms are available for power resource:

Algorithm 1
Power resource admission decision based on power or interference
Based on the current cell load (uplink load factor and downlink TCP) and the access request,
the RNC decides whether the cell load will exceed the threshold or not if admitting a new call.
If yes, the RNC rejects the request. If no, the RNC accepts the request.

Algorithm 2
Power resource admission decision based on the equivalent number of users.
Based on the current equivalent number of users and the access request, the RNC decides
whether the equivalent number of users will exceed the threshold or not if admitting a new
call. If yes, the RNC rejects the request. If no, the RNC accepts the request.

Algorithm 3
It is similar to algorithm 1, but the prediction of needed power of a new call will be set to zero.
Four basic load thresholds are used for admission decision. They are:

Handover admission threshold

AMR conversational service admission threshold
Non AMR conversational service admission threshold

Other service admission threshold

With these thresholds, the RNC can define the proportion between speech service and other
services while ensuring handover preference.

III. NodeB credit

The NodeB credit admission includes the following:

Local cell level admission decision

Local cell group level admission decision (if any)

NodeB level admission decision
Services can access the network only after all admission decisions are passed

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For details about local cell, local cell group, and capacity consumption law, please refer to the
3GPP TS 25.433.
According to the common and dedicated channels capacity consumption laws, and the addition,
removal, and reconfiguration of the common and dedicated channels, the controlling RNC
(CRNC) debits the amount of the credit resource consumed from or credits the amount to the
capacity credit of the local cell (and local cell group, if any) based on the spreading factor.
If the UL capacity credit and DL capacity credit are separate, the maintenance on the local cell
(and local cell group, if any) is performed in UL and DL respectively.
If the UL capacity credit and DL capacity credit are not separate, only the maintenance on the
global capacity credit is performed for the local cell (and local cell group, if any).

IV. Iub transport layer resource

Different services have different QoS requirements, therefore, differentiated transmission must be
applied according to the service QoS requirements. The mapping relation between service and
transport resources can be configured.
The principles of Iub bandwidth admission control are described as follows:
I. Each type of path can be configured with the total bandwidth of the physical port to which
the path is connected. Thus, the total bandwidth of all paths that connect to the port may
exceed the physical bandwidth of the port. Therefore, the following two levels of admission
are necessary:

Admission control on the path level

Admission control on the port level
II. Traffic congestion and bearer congestion are considered. For admission, the only factor
that needs to be considered is the Iub resources corresponding to the traffic class.
III. The primary path takes priority over the secondary path during admission. The secondary
path is tried when the admission attempt for the primary path fails.
In the admission control procedure, some other features can be used to improve the access
success rate. That is, the feature Rate Negotiation at Admission Control can be used to decide
the proper resource request based on the cell load. When the admission fails, Queuing and Pre-
Emption, DRD Introduction Package can be used to maximize the possibility of access to the
system.

HSDPA Admission Control

HSDPA service admission control enables HSDPA service to access the network with other R99
services by using the remaining power resource as well as other resources. It can make good
use of the system resources and fully utilize resources.
In the HSDPA admission control procedure, the HSDPA user per NodeB and per CELL shall be
considered in the way of configuring allowed maximum HSDPA user per NodeB and per CELL.
If the downlink carrier power is dynamically allocated between R99 and HSDPA channels, the
admission control will involve not only the limitation of total HSDPA user number for best effort
services, but also the sum of downlink code transmission power for both DPCH and HS-PDSCH
carrying streaming service.
Iub interface resources check is performed during the admission control so as to allow HSDPA
service and other R99 services to be admitted under a certain ensured QoS.
During the admission control, the RNC will decide whether to map the service onto the HS-DSCH
by setting service rate thresholds in the RNC. The thresholds include a DL streaming service
HSDPA threshold and a DL BE service HSDPA threshold. Only when requested bit rate of the
incoming call is greater than the threshold can the call be mapped on HSDPA.

HSUPA Admission Control

HSUPA service admission control enables HSUPA services to access to the network with other
R99 services by using the remaining uplink cell load as well as other resources. It can make good
use of the system resources and enables efficient resources utilization.
In the HSUPA admission control procedure, the HSUPA user per NodeB and per CELL should be
considered through the configuration of the maximum HSUPA users at the RNC.

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Besides the limitation of total HSUPA user number for best effort and streaming services, the
sum of uplink cell radio load resources for both DCH and E-DCH should also be considered. The
following two algorithms are available for uplink cell radio load:

Algorithm 1: uplink cell radio load admission decision based on Equivalent Number of Users
(ENU)
Based on the current equivalent number of users (including existing R99 and HSUPA users) and
the access request, the RNC decides whether the equivalent number of users exceeds the
threshold or not and whether to admit a new call. GBR is used to calculate the ENU of HSUPA
services.

Algorithm 2: uplink cell radio load admission decision based on Provided Bit Rate (PBR) and
power
The RNC performs a check to ensure that the aggregated traffic at the provided bit rate exceeds
the sum of all GBRs for existing traffics multiplied by a configurable threshold.
If the condition of PBR is not fulfilled, RNC further performs a check of power resource on the
basis of Received Total Wideband Power (RTWP) and Received Scheduled E-DCH Power Share
(RSEPS) measurement.
Both Iub resources and NodeB credit resources checks are done during the admission control so
as to enable HSUPA services and other R99 services to be admitted under a certain guaranteed
QoS.
During the admission control, the RNC decides whether the service is mapped to E-DCH or not
by setting service rate thresholds. The thresholds include a UL streaming service HSUPA
threshold and a UL BE service HSUPA threshold. Only when the requested bit rate of the
incoming call is higher than the threshold can the call be mapped on HSUPA.
Queuing and pre-emption are considered for HSUPA if admission control fails due to limitation of
user number or equivalent user number.

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