Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Andrew L. Gerhart
Part 2
1) Creativity is rare.
2) Only those with a high IQ have
creativity.
3) Creativity cant be studied.
4) Its in your right brain.
5) Creativity is mysterious.
6) Creativity cant be learned.
Mythbusters
7) Creativity equals arts.
8) Creativity as madness.
Generativity Theory and Research
CAPTURING
Preserves New Ideas
CHALLENGING
Seeks Challenges and Manages Failure
BROADENING
Broadens Skills and Knowledge
SURROUNDING
Changes Physical and Social Environment
Creative Competency Development
1. CAPTURING
Carrying notebooks, voice recorders, smart phone
Creative Competency Development
1. CAPTURING
Carrying notebooks, voice recorders, smart phone
Finding the right place and time (the three Bs: bed, bath, bus)
Daydreaming and sleep
2. CHALLENGING
Controlled failure systems
Open-ended problems
Keys to Creativity
Keys to Creativity
The end of the handle does not fit the key ring...
but if the
broom head is
unscrewed
Keys to Creativity
1. CAPTURING
Carrying notebooks, voice recorders, smart phone
Finding the right place and time (the three Bs: bed, bath, bus)
Daydreaming and sleep
2. CHALLENGING
Controlled failure systems
Open-ended problems
The Spelling Test
The Spelling Test
12
300
250
time (seconds)
1. CAPTURING
Carrying notebooks, voice recorders, smart phone
Finding the right place and time (the three Bs: bed, bath, bus)
Daydreaming and sleep
2. CHALLENGING
Controlled failure systems
Open-ended problems
Creative Competency Development
3. BROADENING
Sign up for training in new fields
Read, listen and learn outside your area of expertise.
Spend one day per month in foreign territory
4. SURROUNDING
Relocating
Redecorating
Scheduled changes
Cross-functional teams
New subscriptions
The Amazing Magazine Game
The Amazing Magazine Game
20% to 35%
more ideas.
Four Core Competencies for
Individual Creativity
CAPTURING
Preserves New Ideas
CHALLENGING
Seeks Challenges and Manages Failure
BROADENING
Broadens Skills and Knowledge
SURROUNDING
Changes Physical and Social Environment
Creative Problem Solving Methods
What is wrong? Mess Finding Planning your approach
What do we know? Data Finding Understanding the challenge
What is the real problem? Problem Finding Generating Ideas
What is the best solution? Idea Finding Preparing for action
How do we implement the solution? Solution Finding
Acceptance Finding
Scenario:
Task:
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
Scenario:
During World War II, many aircraft were being shot down
while engaging in bombing missions over Germany.
Many of the planes that made it back to base safely were
riddled with bullet and projectile holes. The damaged
areas were similar on each plane. The following
instructions were given: Reinforce these damaged
areas with thicker armor plating.
Round 1
Round 3
Functional Solutions:
What to Do
Unfortunately, the airline received many complaints about the time it took
to get the bags to the baggage claim area. The airline researched the
situation and found that there was virtually no way it could unload the
bags any faster. The airline didnt change the baggage unloading
procedure, but it did change another component of the arrival process and
the complaints disappeared. (The airline did not install mirrors as was the
case for the slow elevators.)
Team exercise:
Create a Duncker Diagram for this problem.
To Market, To Market
Original Statement
Make it OK NOT
How to get cereal to market faster. to get cereal to
market faster
The real problem was that the cereal
was not staying fresh long enough,
not that it wasnt getting to market fast Stop
Convince
enough. Making
Customers that
Cereal Make Cereal Stale=Good
Stay Fresher
New Problem Statement Longer
How to make boxes tighter and to
determine appropriate additive to
slow down the spoiling reaction
Make boxes tighter
Add a chemical to slow and more impermeable
down the spoiling to air and
reaction moisture
How can we find a way to get the cereal to market so slowly that it
will never be fresh?
(This change opens new avenues of thought. Why isnt our cereal
always fresh?)
Written Survey
Emotional Blocks
Fear of Risk Taking
Lack of Appetite for Chaos
Judging Rather than Generating
Lack of Challenge
Inability to Incubate
Roll up paper, draw one
line around cylinder.
Photo-reduce and use
thick marker.
Fold paper to line up dots
and stab it with pencil.
Mental Blocks
Perceptual Blocks
limiting problem unnecessarily
stereotyping
information overload
Scenario:
Two pipes, which serve as pole mounts for a volleyball
net, are embedded in the floor of a gymnasium. During a
game of ping pong, the ball accidentally rolls into one of
the pipes because the pipe cover had not been replaced.
The pipe is 10 cm deep. The inside pipe diameter is 1.5
mm larger than the diameter of the ball (3.8 cm), which is
resting gently at the bottom of the pipe.
10 cm
Scenario:
Two pipes, which serve as pole mounts for a volleyball
net, are embedded in the floor of a gymnasium. During a
game of ping pong, the ball accidentally rolls into one of
the pipes because the pipe cover had not been replaced.
The pipe is 10 cm deep. The inside pipe diameter is 1.5
mm larger than the diameter of the ball (3.8 cm), which is
resting gently at the bottom of the pipe. You are one of a
group of six people in the gym, along with the following
objects:
5 m extension cord, file, wire coat hanger, monkey
wrench, bag of potato chips, chisel, carpenters hammer,
flashlight.
Cultural Blocks
Environmental Blocks
Distractions, organizational
support
Intellectual Blocks
Inadequate skills
Inflexible use of strategies
Expressive Blocks
Inability to communicate ideas
Recognizing Mental Blocks
A. Perceptual Blocks
Limiting the problem unnecessarily (9 Dots)
Stereotyping
Saturation or information overload
OTHER PEOPLES
FUTURING
VIEWS
The
Brainstorming
Process
Free Association
(Unstructured Idea Generation)
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 12/8/2015 92
Comments that reduce Brainstorming to
Braindrizzling
OTHER PEOPLES
FUTURING
VIEWS
The
Brainstorming
Process
Free Association
(Unstructured Idea Generation)
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 12/8/2015 97
Osborns Checklist for Adding New Ideas
Put to other uses? ..... How can you put the thing to
different or other uses? New ways to use as is? Other uses
if it is modified?
Eliminate? ..... What can you eliminate? Remove
something? Eliminate waste? Reduce time? Reduce effort?
Cut costs?
Rearrange? ..... Interchange parts? Other patterns,
layouts? Transpose cause and effect? Change positives to
negatives? Reverse roles? Turn it backwards or upside
down? Sort?
What is Bisociation?
Bisociation Examples
Auction + web
Ebay (Pierre Omidyar)
Bookstore + web
Amazon.com (Jeff Bezos)
Horse carriage + steam engine
Car/train (debatable as to who was first, Cugnot?)
109
CARTS ALoU
Cost Advantages
Acceptance Limitations
Resources (overcome)
Space