RESPONSE SPECTRUM

TOPICS TO BE DISCUSS

Terminology
Concept of Response Spectrum
Uses of Response Spectrum
How to construct a Response Spectrum
Examples
Terminology

Damping ratio
Natural Frequency
Tripartite Plot
What is Response Spectrum?
It is a plot of maximum response of linear single degree of freedom
oscillator for a given component of earthquake ground motion.
Concept of Response Spectrum
Concept of Response Spectrum

If T1 = T2 = T3. then for a given component of earthquake

ground motion, maximum response is same for all the
oscillators.
Maximum response of linear single degree of freedom
system to any given component of earthquake depends
only on the natural frequency and damping.
If we excite this buildings to the some
frequency, what will going to happen?
EXPERIMENT TIME
Concept of Response Spectrum

Extremely useful concept in earthquake engineering

research and in applying the seismological knowledge of
string earthquake to the design of structures
Hugo Benioff initiated in 1934
M.A. Biot extended its application to earthquake
engineering in 1941
Uses of Response Spectrum

For engineering purposes, we are not especially concerned

with the time variation of the response parameters
Rather, it is their extreme value that convey the crucial
information
They are related to the maximum forces, maximum
displacement and maximum deformation that structures
must be able to endure
Construction of Response Spectrum

Response can be any of the

following :
1. Displacement
2. Velocity
3. Acceleration
 If we calculate the
maximum response for a
range of values of
frequency and damping
and portray the results
graphically, we then have
a spectrum chart that
shows the maximum
response of all possible
single degree of freedom
systems to that
component of earthquake
Response may be defined as
displacement, velocity or
acceleration and, all the
three responses can be
shown in one plot called
Tripartite plot.
HOW TO GRAPH A RESPONSE SPECTRUM

1. Find the SDS or the spectral response acceleration at short period of time
and SD1 or the spectral response acceleration at time equals to 1.
2. Identify the site coefficients Fa and Fv.
3. Solve for Adjusted spectral response acceleration parameters SMS and SM1.
4. Solve for design spectral response acceleration parameters SDS and SD1.
5. Solve for To and Ts.
6. Solve for Sa at every time T.
7. Then plot the values of Sa against T.
EXAMPLE
Given the following:
Site location: Batangas City Jail, San Jose Sico Batangas City
Soil Type: SD
Zone 4
Seismic Source Type: A
Distance from a fault line: 15km
Long-period of transition period: 8secs.

Plot the Response Spectrum.

1. Find the SDS or the spectral response acceleration at short
period of time and SD1 or the spectral response acceleration
at time equals to 1.
2. Identify the site coefficients Fa and Fv.

Note: In instant the there is no exact values in the table do linear interpolation.
3. Solve for Adjusted spectral response acceleration
parameters SMS and SM1.

4. Solve for design spectral response acceleration parameters SDS and
SD1.

5. Solve for To and Ts.

To
6. Solve for Sa at every time T.

For 0 T To ; Sa= SDS(0.4 + 0.6T/To)

For To T Ts ; Sa= SDS

For Ts T TL ; Sa= SD1/T

7. Then plot the values of Sa against T.
Example : Response Spectrum Values

Consider the structure shown in the figure. Let the

structure be subjected to ground motion whose spectrum
is given. If damping is 5% of a critical then, what are the
spectral quantities?


where:

=natural frequency
K=stiffness
m=mass of the structure