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EE202: Signals and Systems

Chapter 1: Signals and Systems


<part 2>

Junmo Kim

EE202, Signals and Systems


Table of Contents
Signals
Continuous and Discrete Time Signals
Periodic and Aperiodic Signals
Even and Odd Signals
Important signals
Exponential and Sinusoidal Signals
Unit Impulse and Unit Step Functions
Transformations of the Independent Variable
Basic System Properties
1. Stability
2. Causality
3. Time-invariance
4. Linearity
5. Memory

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Basic System Properties

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Basic System Properties
Example 1.13
Consider the two systems

For system , a constant input yields ,


which is unbounded. We conclude that system is
unstable.
For system , we would be unable to find a bounded
input that results in an unbounded output. Lets
consider an arbitrary bounded by positive

Then, is guaranteed to be bounded by

Thus, is stable.

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Basic System Properties

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Basic System Properties

Time Invariant t
t
9 am

t t
11 am
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Basic System Properties

Time
Time Invariant ?
Invariant ?

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Basic System Properties
Example 1.14
Consider the continuous-time system

Let be an arbitrary input and consider a


second input obtained by shifting in
time.

Then, we need to verify whether .

Therefore, this system is time invariant.

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Basic System Properties
Example 1.15
Consider the discrete-time system

Approach
Prove (or disprove) the system is time invariant
Or seek a counterexample.

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Basic System Properties
Example 1.16
Consider the continuous-time system

We obtain the output

Therefore, this system is not time invariant.

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Basic System Properties

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Basic System Properties
Example 1.17
Consider a system whose input and output
are related by

Consider two arbitrary inputs and .

Let be a linear combination of and .

We conclude that the system is linear since

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Basic System Properties
Example 1.18
Consider a system

Then,

And

We conclude that the system is not linear.

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Basic System Properties

Linear

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Basic System Properties

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Summary
Signals
Continuous and Discrete Time Signals
Periodic and Aperiodic Signals
Even and Odd Signals
Important signals
Exponential and Sinusoidal Signals
Unit Impulse and Unit Step Functions
Transformations of the Independent Variable
Basic System Properties
1. Stability / Unstable
2. Causality / Non-causal
3. Time-invariance / Time-varying
4. Linearity / Nonlinear
5. Memory / Memoryless

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