1|Latihan Percubaan SPM 2014 T4

BAHAGIAN B
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9 Diagram 9.1 (a) and Diagram 9.2 (a) show two identical springs are compressed by two
identical trolleys at different compression distance.

Diagram 9.1 (b) and Diagram 9.2 (b) show the position of the trolleys after the
compression force is released due to the elasticity of the spring.
Rajah 9.1 (a) dan Rajah 9.2 (a) menunjukkan dua spring yang serupa dimampatkan
oleh dua buah troli yang serupa pada jarak mampatan yang berbeza.

Rajah 9.1 (b) dan 9.2 (b) menunjukkan kedudukan kedua-dua troli apabila daya
mampatan dilepaskan disebabkan oleh kekenyalan spring-spring itu.

(a) (i) What is the meaning of elasticity?

Apakah maksud kekenyalan?
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the compression distance of
the springs, the distance moved by the trolley and the elastic potential energy
stored in the spring.

Relate the compression distance of the spring with the distance moved by the
trolley to make a deduction regarding the relationship between the
compression distance of the spring and the elastic potential energy stored in
the spring.
Menggunakan Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan jarak mampatan spring,
jarak troli bergerak dan tenaga keupayaan kenyal yang tersimpan dalam
spring.

Hubungkaitkan jarak mampatan spring dengan jarak troli bergerak untuk

membuat kesimpulan tentang hubungan antara jarak mampatan spring
dengan tenaga keupayaan kenyal yang tersimpan dalam spring.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]
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(b) When the spring is compressed, its length decreases and returns back to its original
length after compressive force is removed due to elasticity property of a material.
Based on the forces between atoms, explain why the spring is elastic.
Apabila spring dimampatkan, panjangnya akan berkurang dan kembali semula
kepada panjang asal apabila daya mampatan dilepaskan disebabkan oleh sifat
kenyal bahan. Berdasarkan kepada daya antara atom, terangkan mengapa spring
bersifat kenyal.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(c) Diagram 9.3 shows a trampoline. It uses the elastic property of a material to
rebounce a person upwards.
Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan sebuah trampolin. Ia menggunakan sifat kenyal bahan
yang boleh melantun pengguna ke atas.

Diagram 9.3
Rajah 9.3

You are required to give some suggestions to improve the design of the trampoline
so that it can be used by the children safely and can jump higher.
Anda dikehendaki memberi beberapa cadangan untuk memperbaiki rekabentuk
trampolin supaya ianya dapat digunakan oleh kanak-kanak dengan selamat dan
dapat melompat dengan lebih tinggi.
Explain the suggestions based on the following aspects :
Terangkan cadangan itu berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut :
(i) the number of spring used
bilangan spring yang digunakan
(ii) spring constant
pemalar spring
(iii) the material used for frame
bahan yang digunakan untuk bingkai
(iv) the material used for fabric
bahan yang digunakan untuk fabrik
(v) extra fitting or design of the trampoline to ensure safety
pemasangan tambahan atau rekabentuk trampolin untuk memastikan
keselamatan terjamin.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
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BAHAGIAN C
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9 (a) (i) Property of material that enable it to return to its original 1

shape and size after an external force that acting on it is
removed
(ii) Compression of the spring in Diagram 9.2(a) is higher 1
than 9.1 (a)
Distance moved by the trolley in Diagram 9.2 (b) is 1
further than 9.1 (a)
Elastic potential energy of the spring Diagram 9.2(a) is
higher than 9.1 (a) 1
The higher the compression, the further the distance
moved by the trolley
The bhigher the compression, the higher the elastic
potential energy 1

(b) The forces between atom are attractive force and 1

repulsive force

When the force is applied , the distance between atoms

decreases 1

The repulsive force is acted on the atoms 1

When applied force is removed, repulsive force pushes 1

the atoms back to original

(c) Design Reasons

Many springs
High elasticity
(arranged in parallel)
2
Strong material for Not break easily //
2
frame // steel Not rust easily

Low spring constant To get more extension

2
Nylon// polyethene//
Does not tear easily
strong fabric 2

Has net around / / 2

bigger diameter of Prevent children from
trampoline 2
slipping to the floor
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